选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕Unit 4 "Breaking boundaries"主题，整合词汇（阅读词汇语境识意、拓展词汇变形）、短语句式（教材短语、经典句型make+it+宾补）及写作应用等高考核心考点，按"词汇自测-短语应用-句式迁移-真题演练"逻辑展开，通过考点梳理（如词汇变形规律）、方法指导（熟词生义辨析）、真题训练（2024新课标例句）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料以语言能力和思维品质为导向，创新"语境迁移"教学法，如读后续写微点练结合"承诺"主题词汇（promise, vow）和动词-ing作状语（hanging around），设计细节描写任务提升写作精准性。设分层练习（语篇综合练、真题难句拓展练），配合即时反馈保障效率。助力学生夯实基础、提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰框架。

Part 1　单元词汇…………………………分类自测 阅读词汇——语境识意 1.mount a platform 　　　　　登上讲台 2.at the clinic 在诊所 3.a tragic accident 一场悲惨的事故 4.help a comrade in difficulty 帮助有困难的朋友 5.statistic data 统计数据 6.a minor medical miracle 一个小小的医学奇迹 7.a surgical ward　　　　　　　一间外科手术病房 8.compensate victims 补偿受害人 9.collaborate with each other 互相协作 10.combat dust pollution 抑制扬尘污染 11.a mutual friend 一位共同的朋友 12.adopt more inclusive strategies 采取更广泛的策略 拓展词汇——变形拼写 第一组：动词变形 1. include v．包括；包含→inclusion n．包括；包含→inclusive adj.包容广阔的 2.infect v．传染，感染→infection n．传染，感染→infectious adj.传染性的→disinfect v．为……消毒，给……杀菌 3.divide v．分开→division n．分歧，分裂 4.dedicate v．致力于，献身于→dedication n．献身；奉献→dedicated adj.献身的；专心致志的 5.devote v．奉献→devotion n．奉献→devoted adj.忠诚的；挚爱的 6.relieve v．给(某人)换班→relieved adj.感到安慰的→relief n．宽慰；换班者 7.influence v．影响→influential adj.有影响力的 8.reward v．回报→rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的 9.assist v．协助，帮助→assistance n．帮助；援助→assistant n．助理，助手 第二组：名词、形容词变形 10. liberty n．自由→liberal adj.思想开明的；自由主义的→liberally adv.大方地；自由地 11.special adj.特别的；专用的→specialize v．专门研究；专攻→specialist n．专家 12.noble adj.崇高的；高贵的→nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地 13.harmony n．和谐→harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的 14.tragic adj.悲惨的，不幸的→tragically adv.悲剧地；悲惨地→tragedy n．悲剧；悲惨的事 15.minor adj.次要的；较小的→minority n．少数派；少数→(反义词) majority n．大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的；大的 16.realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的→realistically adv.切合实际地→realist n．现实主义者；务实的人→reality n．现实；事实 名词后缀­ment 表示行为或结果。 ①announce 宣布；通知→announcement宣布；通知　②achieve 实现→achievement 成就　③develop发展→development 发展　④treat款待；治疗→treatment 对待；治疗　⑤argue 争论；争辩→argument争论；争辩　⑥judge 判断；判定→judg(e)ment 看法；判决　　 学生用书第209页 核心词汇——单句应用 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A few minutes spent casting (cast) your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding (reward) experience. 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural (culture) elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu，who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford­upon­Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown. 3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion (include) into the National Wildlife Refuge System... 4.There is something to be said for being a generalist，even if you are a specialist (special). 5.The team worked nobly (noble) to help the community during the crisis. 6.The music created a harmonious (harmony) environment for everyone at the party. 7.A minority (minor) of students in our class chose to work on the project alone. 8.His enthusiasm added a lot of vitality (vital) to the team during the meeting. 9.How relieved we felt when the trouble suddenly disappeared! It was a real relief! (relieve) 10.Tom is an assistant teacher in the college.He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist) 11.The flu virus was an infectious disease，which infected people easily.People may catch all kinds of infections in the winter.(infect) 12.She's very good at making friends and influencing people，so she has a great influence on me and I like this influential girl.(influence) 13.Bethune，a devoted friend of Chinese，was devoted to helping Chinese.I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote) Part 2　短语句式……………………………教材精选 Ⅰ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 be/get caught up in，bring forth，not to mention，put...at risk，be engaged in，carry on，change one's mind，no wonder，give up on，in memory of，step by step，in vain，settle down，come to know，take chances，regardless of，step into one's shoes 1．The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. 2．Rather than being/getting caught up in how you could have done better，why not offer yourself a compassionate response? 3．Do not boast about tomorrow，for you do not know what a day may bring forth． 4．After all，if you're sick and uncomfortable during your test，every effort you've made might be in vain． 5．Our class planned to organise an activity on 5 March in memory of Lei Feng. 6．The railway network will create more opportunities for business，tourism and so on，not to mention better communication among those countries. 7．If you give up on something，you decide that you will never succeed in doing what you want to with them，and you stop trying. 8．I will go on the trip regardless of the weather forecast for this weekend. 9．After traveling for years，she finally settled down in a cozy little town and lived a peaceful life. 10．After thinking it over，she changed her mind about going to the party tonight. 学生用书第210页 Ⅱ.根据所给汉语和要求完成下面的句子 1．努力工作和决心可以使你实现目标成为可能。(make it＋宾语补足语＋动词不定式) Hard work and determination can make it possible to achieve your goals． 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)Talk and Talk成立至今已有十年。(since从句) It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established． Part 1　核心词汇……………………………多维练透 vital (教材义) adj.极其重要的；(补充义) adj.生机勃勃的，充满活力的；生命的，维持生命所必需的 (1)be vital to/for...对……至关重要 (2)It is vital to do sth 做某事很重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth ……做某事是十分重要的 (3)be of vital importance/significance 至关重要 (4)vitality n．活力；热情；生命力 vitally adv.非常；极其 ①Without continued learning，graduates will lose their intellectual vitality (vital). ②How we interact with others is vitally (vital) important to our happiness and success. ③[读后续写之主旨升华句] 如果我们想要在生活中发挥作用，重要的是我们应该从小事开始。 If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we should begin with small things. ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published，it's vital to submit (重要的是提交)a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿). cast (教材义) v．选派(角色)；(补充义) v．投射(光，影)；将(视线，目光)投向；扔，掷，抛；抛(钓丝)，撒(网) n．演员阵容；铸型，模型 cast down 使失望；使沮丧 cast aside 抛弃；丢弃 cast away 漂流到，流落在(常用被动) cast...over/on/across... 在……上投射…… cast a shadow over sth 给某事蒙上阴影 ①The moon would shine high in the sky，casting (cast) its soft light on everything. ②At that moment the moon was casting/cast (cast) a rainbow through the spray from the waterfall. ③[读后续写之景物描写] 一束阳光洒在路上，好像在给我们鼓励和祝福。 A cluster of sunshine cast over the road，as if extending its encouragement and blessing to us. ④[中国元素] 从雄伟的长城到风景如画的长江，中国令人叹为观止的风景吸引着游客。 The breathtaking landscapes of China，from the majestic Great Wall to the picturesque Yangtze River，cast a spell on travelers． influential (教材义) adj.有影响力的；(补充义) n.有影响力的人 (1)be influential in 对……有影响 (2)influence v．& n．影响 have a(n)...influence on/upon 对……有……的影响 under the influence of 在……的影响下 (3)influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事 be influenced by...被……影响 ①Yuan Longping is one of the most influential (influence) scientists in agriculture，under whose influence I decide to major in science. ②[应用文写作之人物描写] 这位著名作家被广泛认为是文学领域的一位有影响力的人物，他生动的故事和深刻的见解继续激励着一代又一代的读者。 学生用书第211页 Widely regarded as an influential figure in the field of literature，the famous author's lively storytelling and profound insights continue to inspire generations of readers. ③(2023·全国甲卷应用文写作)在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。 Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged，Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion． ④[中国元素] 孔子，一位有影响力的中国哲学家，他的关于道德、伦理和社会和谐的教导对中国的文化和社会产生了持久的影响。 Confucius，an influential Chinese philosopher，has left a lasting impact on Chinese culture and society with his teachings on morality，ethics，and social harmony. Part 2　经典句式……………………………写作迁移 句型公式：make＋it＋宾语补足语 (1)在本句型中，如果it是形式宾语，则后面用动词不定式或that从句作真正的宾语；如果it是一般代词，则无须用动词不定式或者that从句。 (2)类似结构句型： make＋it＋no good/no use/no pleasure＋doing sth； (3)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel 等。 ①The growing popularity of smartphones and computers has made it convenient for us to learn English online. ②This will make it easier for you to answer (使得你更容易回答) questions about your symptoms and how medicines make you feel. ③[应用文写作之介绍科技发展] 交流渠道，例如移动手机和网络，已经使得立刻与在地球另一端的人说话成为可能。 Channels of communication，such as the mobile phone and the Internet，have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet. ④期待您对我的建议的看法。我相信我们可以让学校社区的每个人都有一次难忘的经历。 Looking forward to your thoughts on my suggestions.I am confident we can make it an unforgettable experience for everyone in our school community. Part 3　语境辨义……………………………举一反三 Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The French take their 35­hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.n.工会 2．Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment.v.消除 3．She radiates an infectious enthusiasm for everything she does.adj.有感染力的 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It takes ages to see the results.n.很长时间 5．Is there any hard evidence either way？adj.确凿的 6．After a few drinks，he was a bit high.adj.喝醉的 7．Whenever he was asked, Sherpa Tenzing Norgay's answer was, “We climbed as a team, period.”adv.到此为止 学生用书第212页 Ⅱ.一词多义(选出下列单词在句中的正确释义) 1．cast A．n.全体演员 B．n.投射的阴影 C．v.低垂 D．v.投射(光影) ①She cast her eyes down to avoid direct eye contact. C ②Instead，she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. D ③The cast of the play included an international star. A 2．mount A．n.山峰 B．v.组织，发动 C．v.增加，上升 D．v.骑上 ①The company is mounting a major advertising campaign. B ②He mounted his horse and rode off into the sunset. D ③We went hiking in the mountains，reaching the mount's summit. A Ⅰ.语篇语境综合练(语境创新——词汇再练) Breaking boundaries is a 1.vitally (vital) important task that many have tackled throughout history.2.Assisting (assist) others and showing devotion can be immensely 3.rewarding (reward).When you look at how a 4.minority (minor) achieves liberty，it is genuinely influential.Our society should aim for a more 5.harmonious (harmony) existence，where divisions are fewer. Sometimes，bringing forth changes requires great 6.endurance (endure).It is crucial to remain 7.realistic (realism)，as not every effort will succeed.Many noble attempts might seem to be 8.in vain，but each action 9.mounted (mount) has its own value. Infectious enthusiasm for progress provides relief from the challenges of civilian life.Casting aside our differences helps us work 10.nobly (noble) together for a better future.Thus，we move towards a world where everyone can live freely and equally. Ⅱ.真题难句拓展练(剖析长句——精准翻译) 1．(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. [剖析]　本句为主从复合句。句子的主干为主谓宾结构 Studies suggest that...，that引导宾语从句，并列的动词­ing形式短语 eating only...和 giving your digestive system....作该宾语从句的主语。when引导时间状语从句，修饰eating。 [翻译]　研究表明，只有在最活跃的时候进食，让你的消化系统每天休息很长时间，可能有助于调节体重。 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail(小径)，camping，or just enjoying the park's amazing wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family. [剖析]　本句为复合句。句子的主干为主系表结构 this quick workshop is for you and your family。whether引导让步状语从句。 [翻译]　无论你是在野外徒步旅行，露营，还是只是在路边欣赏公园里令人惊叹的野生动物，这个快速的工作坊都是为你和你的家人准备的。 3．(2021·全国乙卷)One afternoon，while attempting to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack. [剖析]　本句为复合句。句子的主干为主谓结构 she collapsed。其中what在介词from后引导宾语从句；while attempting...into bed是时间状语从句的省略形式。 [翻译]　一天下午，她试图上床睡觉时昏倒了，最后被发现是心脏病发作。 学生用书第213页 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练——冲破边界(我在非洲教中文的经历) 结合本单元话题，用单元词汇、经典句型完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。 [基础语料] 单元词汇 boundary，assist，tackle，vital，mutual，rewarding，mount; bring forth，culture shock 经典句型 动词­ing形式短语作主语；转折并列句；so...that...句型 [情境呈现] 假定你是李华，大学期间你曾经在非洲教中文，你的澳洲笔友Adam对你这段经历很感兴趣，来信希望了解相关信息。请你给Adam写一封邮件做出回复。 [思路点拨] 人称 以第一人称为主 时态 以一般过去时为主 内容要点线索 第一段引出主题(简述经历)→第二段介绍细节和主要经历→结尾表达感受 [写作输出] Dear Adam， I hope you're well.(1)Teaching Chinese in Africa has been quite an adventure(在非洲教汉语是一次相当大的冒险；动词­ing形式短语作主语).(2)Crossing the cultural boundary was a bit tough，but it was very rewarding(跨越文化的界限有点困难，但也很值得； boundary，rewarding；转折并列句).I was there to assist students and help them tackle their challenges.(3)Learning from each other was vital for our mutual success(相互学习对我们共同的成功至关重要；vital，mutual).We had to bring forth a lot of patience.Sometimes，I felt a little bit of culture shock，(4)but we were able to mount our efforts and work together(但我们能够齐心协力，共同努力；mount).(5)I've learned so much from this experience that I think I may be dedicated to teaching Chinese abroad in the future(我从这次经历中学到了很多，我想我将来可能会致力于在国外教汉语；so...that...句型). Best regards， Li Hua [变式表达] 用it作形式主语句型改写句(3)。 It was vital for us to learn from each other for our mutual success. Ⅱ.读后续写微点练—— 跟家人协商让自己去参加聚会(答应承诺) [基础语料] 词汇 promise　　　　　　　　承诺 pledge 保证 vow 发誓 assure 保证 undertake 承担 commit 承诺 guarantee 保证 swear 发誓 give one's word 给某人承诺 make a commitment 做出承诺 promise to do sth 承诺做某事 句式 hanging动词­ing形式作状语 细节描写 1.I promise to be there on time. 我承诺会准时到那里。 2.He vowed never to give up. 他发誓永远不会放弃。 3.They assured us that the work would be done by tomorrow. 他们向我们保证工作明天会完成。 4.He guarantees the quality of his products. 他保证他的产品质量。 5.She made a commitment to exercise every day for better health. 她承诺为了更健康每天锻炼。 学生用书第214页 [情境呈现] (2025·湖北八市3月联考·读后续写) 作者非常想去一个海滩派对→作者的妈妈坚决反对她去→奶奶注意到了她的沮丧，主动提出帮助她清洗餐具→奶奶询问了作者为什么难过，建议作者设身处地为妈妈考虑→作者认为妈妈可能不信任他们→奶奶指出，可能妈妈只是担心作者的安全→作者坚持认为不会有任何问题→…… [思路点拨] 文体：记叙文 人称：第一人称 时态：一般过去时为主 续写思路：根据所给句子“Then maybe think of a compromise，”suggested grandmother.可知，接下来要写作者如何思考一个折中方案，以便能够参加派对同时让妈妈感到安心。 [写作输出] “Then maybe think of a compromise，”suggested grandmother.(1)But I sobbed uncontrollably and couldn't say a word(但我控制不住地抽泣，一句话也说不出来).“Well，if you could let me go with you，I'd say yes，” my mom added.(2)I wasn't fond of my mom hanging around like a bodyguard (我不喜欢我妈妈像个保镖一样晃来晃去；hanging动词­ing形式作状语), but to get to the party I had to compromise.“I suppose your mother won't disturb your party，will she？” grandmother looked at mom with a kind smile.“Well，I promise I won't，” (3)mom finally gave in to me(妈妈终于向我妥协了).My mood gradually improved.(4)I ran to my grandmother and gave her a big hug(我跑向奶奶，给了她一个大大的拥抱).(5)I was looking forward to the wonderful party desperately(我急切地盼望着那个精彩的晚会). [变式表达] 用比喻或拟人等更加生动形象的表达改写下句。 My mood gradually improved. →My spirits lifted like a kite catching the wind after a stormy day. 单元测评28　Unit 4　Breaking boundaries (时间：30分钟　　满分：35分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·沈阳市高三质检) I was the only kid in college with a reason to go to the mailbox, because my mother never believed in email, in Facebook, in texting or cellphones.I was literally waiting by the mailbox to get a letter with the warmest comfort from her. So when I moved to New York and got depressed, I did the only thing I could think of.I wrote those same kinds of letters like my mother for strangers, and tucked them all over the city: in cafes, in libraries, and even in the subway.I blogged about those letters and promised if asked for a hand­written letter, I would write one. Overnight, my inbox became this harbor of heartbreak—a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied in Kansas, a 22­year­old immigrant, all asking me to write to them and give them a reason to wait by the mailbox.And this is how I initiated the act The World Needs More Love Letters. Today I run a global organization fueled by those trips to the mailbox.It is a miracle.But the thing about these letters is that most of them have been written by people brought up in a paperless world where some best conversations happen on a screen.We have learned to diary our pain on Facebook, and we speak swiftly on Twitter. Therefore, I've been carrying this mail crate(大木箱) with me these days, which is a magical icebreaker.So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized (受精神创伤) from war, and how she left love letters throughout the house saying, “Come back to me.” And a man, who had decided to take his life, slept safely with a stack of letters just beneath his pillow, handwritten by strangers who were there for him. These stories convince me that letter­writing will never need to be about efficiency, because it is an art now, all of it: the signing, the scripting, the mailing. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学时期收到妈妈寄来的信给她带来安慰，以至她成年之后也选择利用书信的力量来帮助别人的故事。 1．Why did the author share her experience in college? A．To show her care for her family. B．To convey her love for writing letters. C．To express her feelings attached to letters. D．To prove her consistency in writing letters. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “I was literally waiting by the mailbox to get a letter with the warmest comfort from her.” 可知，作者就在邮箱旁等着从妈妈那里得到的有最温暖安慰的信。由此可推知，作者分享她在大学时期的经历是为了表达她对信件的深刻情结。故选C。 2．What caused the author to launch the act? A．She advocated a paperless lifestyle. B．She intended to provide professional aid. C．She tried to improve her communication skills. D．She aimed to give emotional support with letters. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Overnight, my inbox became this harbor of heartbreak—a single mother in Sacramento...this is how I initiated the act...” 可知，作者收到了好多心碎之人的来信，发起这一行动是想要给予他们情感上的支持。故选D。 3．Why does the author call the mail crate “a magical icebreaker” ? A．It cures people of mental diseases. B．It serves as a conversation starter. C．It has magic power to melt ice. D．It empowers people to be brave. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的 “So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized (受精神创伤) from war...” 可知，作者随身携带大木箱，可以和陌生人展开交流，讲述这些信件背后的故事。由此可推知，作者称邮件箱为 “神奇的破冰器” 是因为作者把它作为谈话的开场白。故选B。 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Family Letters Are Priceless B．Love for Writing Never Declines C．World Needs More Love Letters D．Hand­written Letters Improve Efficiency 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知， “我” 在大学时期经常在邮箱旁等待妈妈寄给 “我” 的信件，这使 “我” 对纸质信件有了深刻的情结。在搬去纽约之后， “我” 非常沮丧，于是 “我” 开始给陌生人写信，发起了 “世界需要更多爱的信件” 行动，给人们提供精神和情感上的支持。所以，C项 “世界需要更多的充满爱的信件” 适合作为本文的最佳标题，故选C。 B (2025·湖南长郡中学高三测试) The skies over Latin America's largest city are set to witness a futuristic aerospace revolution after the Brazilian airline Gol reached an agreement that could see it transport regular passengers around São Paulo in hundreds of low­cost zero­emission electric air taxis. Dómhnal Slattery, chief executive of the Dublin­based firm Avolon, which will provide the aircraft to Gol and recently placed an order for 500 of the aircraft from their British manufacturer, admitted helicopters were the “kingdom of the wealthiest”． But the Avolon boss claimed the introduction of VA­X4 eVTOLs [electric vertical(垂直的) takeoff and landing] aircraft to São Paulo would be a gamechanger for regular passengers once the taxis, which look like a futuristic cross between a helicopter and a glider, were delivered in late 2024 or 2025. “Our basic estimate at the moment is that the operating cost here for this aircraft will be equal to $1 per passenger over a 25­mile trip，” Slattery told Financial Times.“Which is almost equal to an Uber ride.” Few cities are crying out for such a revolution more than São Paulo, a sprawling metropolis with more than 12 million citizens and choked by a fleet of 8.6 m vehicles. In the late 1990s, the congestion(拥塞) became so bad in what is now the world's fifth biggest city after Tokyo, Delhi, Seoul and Shanghai that authorities were forced to introduce a number plate rotation(循环) system for vehicles. Stephen Fitzpatrick, the head of the British aerospace manufacturer that produces the aircraft, Vertical Aerospace, said the flying taxis would be ideal for Brazil's biggest city and will “transform how we travel around high population density cities that are crowded with traffic”． The Bristol­based Vertical Aerospace was founded in 2016 and promises to pioneer “a new era in vertical transport”． “We'll be looking to Asia after São Paulo，” Avolon's chief commercial officer, Paul Geaney, told Reuters. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了改善交通状况，相关公司估计未来会有更为低廉的交通出行方式，可以改善高密度城市交通堵塞状况。 5．What did Dómhnal Slattery think of helicopters? A．They could be afforded by all. B．They showed the owners' social status. C．They could be mostly used by the rich. D．They provided convenience for travellers. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “Dómhnal Slattery...admitted helicopters were the‘kingdom of the wealthiest’．” 可知， Dómhnal Slattery认为直升机可能主要被富人使用。故选C。 6．What is the advantage of electric air taxis? A．Traditional design. B．Eco­friendliness. C．Free delivery. D．Zero noise. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “...hundreds of low­cost zero­emission electric air taxis” 可推知，电动空中出租车具有成本低、零排放的优势。B 项 “Eco­friendliness” 与 zero­emission 属于同义替换。故选B。 7．Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A．More cities are eager for electric air taxis than São Paulo. B．The flying taxis will be ideal for Brazil's biggest city. C．Travelling by VA­X4 eVTOLs can be more convenient but more expensive than by Uber. D．The Avolon will enter the Asian transportation market in the future. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “‘We'll be looking to Asia after São Paulo，’ Avolon's chief commercial officer, Paul Geaney, told Reuters.” 可推知，在未来 Avolon公司可能会进入亚洲的运输市场。故选D。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Electric Air Taxis to Make Their First Appearance in Brazil's Most Congested City B．Advanced Vertical Aircrafts Ordered by the Avolon Company C．VA­X4 eVTOLs—a Lifesaver for High Population Density Cities D．Uber Ride—a Futuristic Aerospace Revolution 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段总起全文，说一种成本低廉且零排放的 “电动空中出租车” 将在巴西圣保罗投入运营。下文则通过详细介绍这种新式交通工具的好处，以及对其发展前景的展望，进一步说它能够解决圣保罗的城市交通堵塞状况。因此，A 项涵盖本文的主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(本题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·山东省实验中学高三模拟) Li Cheng, 20, a college student and engineering enthusiast from Southwest China's Chongqing, is making waves by turning his dreams into reality. Employing his knowledge, insights and 1 ， Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille(盲文) dot display 2 for the blind.Named “Argus”， the first bunch of the Braille dot display is expected to be 3 this summer. Li said his idea for Argus was traced back to the end of his freshman year in 2021.One day, when he was reading a novel on his phone, a series of questions 4 his mind: “How do 5 impaired(受损的)people read? How can I help them out？” His 6 led to research on the topic, including interacting with those who experienced daily 7 ．However, when he put his idea into practice, the expensive material jumped in the way. In the past year, Li's team has managed to 8 costs by 40 percent after rounds of trial and 9 ， and eventually succeeded in reconstructing a device that overturns the 10 physical approach to the present electromagnetic approach.The first­generation Argus is 11 between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan, with plans to introduce a more 12 entry­level version with basic functions. 13 ， Li plans to devote three to five years to boost Argus.Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year, with 14 to integrate the core technology—high­density tactile sensing(高密度触觉传感)—into virtual reality applications and potentially develop 15 companion robots, with the aim of improving people's domestic lives. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在位于中国西南地区的重庆，一名大学生利用自己的知识、洞察力和同情心，发明了一种开创性的盲文点显器，旨在帮助视障人士。 1．A.sympathy B．faith C．contribution D．occupation 答案：A 解析：根据空前的 “Employing his knowledge, insights and” 可知，空处和knowledge 以及 insights 并列，结合选项和下文 for the blind 可知，此处是指利用知识、洞察力和同情心(sympathy)，李发明了一种供视障人士使用的盲文点显器。故选A。 2．A.celebrated B．adjusted C．tailored D．advocated 答案：C 解析：根据下文的两个问句 “How do impaired (受损的) people read? How can I help them out？” 可知，这是他专门为视障人士研发的设备。tailor 表示 “专门制作”。故选C。 3．A.proved B．handled C．awarded D．released 答案：D 解析：根据最后一段中的“Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year”可知，产品将于明年在海外推广，所以此处是指第一批在今年夏天发布。release 表示 “公开；发布”。故选D。 4．A.clouded B．struck C．sharpened D．changed 答案：B 解析：根据下文 “How do impaired (受损的) people read? How can I help them out？” 可知，应是他突然想到一系列问题。strike表示 “突然想到” ，符合语境。故选B。 5．A.mentally B．behaviorally C．visually D．socially 答案：C 解析：根据上文 “Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille(盲文) dot display for the blind.” 可知，他好奇视障人士是如何阅读的。visually 表示 “视觉上”。故选C。 6．A.honesty B．determination C．bravery D．curiosity 答案：D 解析：根据上文 “How do impaired (受损的) people read? How can I help them out？” 这样的问题可知，应是出于好奇，他开始研究这个课题。curiosity 表示 “好奇心”。故选D。 7．A.activities B．exercise C．performance D．challenges 答案：D 解析：根据上文 “Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille(盲文) dot display for the blind.” 并结合常识可知，他要专门为视障人士研发阅读设备，而视障人士是每天都在经历挑战。challenge 表示 “挑战”。故选D。 8．A.increase B．reduce C．control D．estimate 答案：B 解析：根据上文 “However, when he put his idea into practice, the expensive material jumped in the way.” 可知，昂贵的材料费阻碍了他，所以此处应是设法降低了成本。reduce表示 “降低”。故选B。 9．A.incident B．error C．competition D．interruption 答案：B 解析：根据空前的 “rounds of trial and” 可知，空处和trial 并列。trial and error是固定表达，表示 “反复试验”，此处指反复试验后，最终成功了。故选B。 10．A.previous B．comprehensive C．scientific D．systematic 答案：A 解析：根据空前的 overturns以及空后的“physical approach to the present electromagnetic approach”可知，是把物理方法推翻为目前的电磁方法，所以物理方法应是以前的。previous(以前的)与下文的 present(现在的)相呼应。故选A。 11．A.listed B．measured C．priced D．calculated 答案：C 解析：根据空后的 “between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan”可知，此处表示定价在8 000元至10 000元之间，price表示“定价”。故选C。 12．A.official B．affordable C．satisfactory D．intelligent 答案：B 解析：根据空后的 “entry­level version with basic functions” 可知，只具备基本功能的入门级版本，应是更便宜的，是大多数人支付得起的。affordable 表示 “便宜的”。故选B。 13．A.Thinking back B．Moving around C．Stepping aside D．Looking ahead 答案：D 解析：根据下文“Li plans to devote three to five years to boost Argus”可知，李打算用三到五年的时间来推动 Argus的发展，这是对未来的展望。look ahead表示 “展望未来”。故选D。 14．A.services B．responsibilities C．ambitions D．requirements 答案：C 解析：根据下文 “to integrate the core technology—high­density tactile sensing(高密度触觉传感)—into virtual reality applications and potentially develop companion robots” 可知，将高密度触觉传感这项核心技术整合到虚拟现实应用中，并有可能研发陪伴机器人，这是李追求的目标。ambition 表示 “志向；追求的目标”。故选C。 15．A.household B．commercial C．medical D．educational 答案：A 解析：根据下文 “with the aim of improving people's domestic lives” 可知，想要改善人们的家庭生活，研发的应该是家用陪伴机器人。household 表示 “家庭的”。故选A。 学生用书第215页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $