必修第三册 Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、句式、阅读、写作等高考核心模块，将单元词汇按阅读识意、拓展变形、核心多维练透分层梳理，经典句式结合写作迁移，通过考点分类（如前缀规律、词汇变形）、方法指导（巧归纳、真题难句剖析）、真题训练（2024年多卷真题例句）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破高频难点。 讲义采用“语境化+分层化”复习策略，如核心词汇“sink”结合2023新课标Ⅰ卷真题例句及读后续写情感描写，培养语言能力与思维品质；写作部分设计“基础语料+情境输出+变式表达”五步训练，提升应用文与读后续写实战能力。设置单元测评与分层练习，保障复习效果，为教师把控节奏、精准提升学生应考能力提供系统支持。

Part 1　单元词汇…………………………分类自测 阅读词汇——语境识意 1.in agony 处于痛楚中 2.agony aunt 知心阿姨 3.release steam 冒出蒸汽 4.justify yourself 为你自己辩护 5.deceive consumers 欺骗消费者 6.present great complexity 显得极为复杂 7.a boxing match 一场拳击比赛 8.core subjects 核心科目 拓展词汇——变形拼写 第一组：动词变形 1.depend v．依靠→dependent adj.依靠的→independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立 2.ensure v．确保，保证→sure adj.确定的 3.embarrass v．使尴尬→embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 4.criticise v．批评，指责→critical adj.批评的；关键的→critically adv.严重地；很大程度上，极为重要地；令人担忧地→criticism n．批评；责备→critic n．批评家 5.annoy v．使恼怒；使生气→annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的→annoyance n．恼怒；生气 6.adjust v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节 7.resolve v．解决(问题、困难)→resolution n．解决；决心 8.forgive v．原谅，宽恕→(过去式) forgave→(过去分词) 第二组：名词和形容词变形 forgiven→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 9.accident n．意外事件，偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的；意外的→accidentally adv.偶然地 10.strategy n．计谋，策略；行动计划→strategic adj.战略性的；战略上的 11.loose adj.说话随便(轻率)的→loosely adv.宽松地→loosen v．变松；解开 12.just adj.公正的；正义的→justify v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护→justice n．公平，公正 13.complex adj.复杂的；难懂的→complexity n．复杂性，错综复杂 14.breath n．一口气→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的 15.frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地，坦诚地 前缀over­表示“过度；在……之上”。 ①statement 陈述→overstatement n．夸大；夸张　②weight 重量→overweight adj.超重的　③look 看→overlook vt.俯视；眺望　④load 装载→overload vt.使超载　⑤value 重视→overvalue vt.过于重视　⑥work 工作→overwork v．& n．过度劳累　⑦use 使用→overuse n．过度使用　⑧eat 吃→overeat vi.吃得过量　　 核心词汇——单句应用 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure (ensure) you get the most from future walking trips.2.(2024·全国甲卷)There，they would walk through deep water，sit down cross­legged underwater and hold their breath (breathe) while they watched all action going on around them. 3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing“buy one get one free”promotions because of the criticism (criticize) that they lead to waste. 4.(2024·全国甲卷)It was my junior year of undergraduate，and I was doing an independent (independence) study on Victorian literature. 学生用书第103页 5.By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher­value services for railways，detecting faults (fault) in the rail or switches. 6.In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories accidentally (accident) or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write. 7.A business plan should be a strategic (strategy) outline of what you are going to do. 8.Frankly (frank) speaking，at first I found it difficult to learn English pronunciation rules. 9.My main criticism of the schedule is that it does nothing to help families on low incomes，so it has to be criticised．(critic) 10.You can choose to forgive someone who has hurt you even if he does not deserve or ask for forgiveness．(forgive) 11.What you did was embarrassing，making the guest very embarrassed and it also embarrassed me.(embarrass) 12.Since the country gained its independence，it has been independent of any powerful country.(independence) 13.The desks and chairs are adjustable and people can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust) 14.My brother's talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me.I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit.(annoy) Part 2　短语句式……………………………教材精选 Ⅰ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 loose lips sink ships，find fault with，by accident，take a breath，in a mess，let down，as soon as，tell apart，in advance，settle down，be crazy about，take the lead，look down on，be concerned about，help out，concentrate on，pull one's weight，let off steam，work out，adjust to 1．I promised to take care of Tiffy and call them as soon as we got to Kansas City. 2．After seeing how well Jane handled the initial research，the team leader decided to let her take the lead on the rest of the project. 3．Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living in the mountainous village alone. 4．The program designed to help jobless people in need just didn't work out as planned. 5．The best things are gotten by accident，often out of our expectation. 6．A swimmer can't swim under water very long，because he must take a breath． 7．I knew that you were struggling，and I just wanted to help out． 8．I can't tell apart the two cars from a distance，for they look really like the same. 9．If he made a promise to you，he never let you down． 10．We each need to pull our weight by cleaning the dishes，taking out the garbage and paying the bills. Ⅱ.根据所给汉语和要求完成下面的句子 1．由于他刻苦而且坚决，他很快取得了卓越的成绩，并一度成为热点人物。(形容词短语作状语) Hard­working and determined，he quickly achieved remarkable results and at one point became a hit. 2．据说当他有困难时只有一位朋友向他伸出了援助之手。(it ＋be＋动词­ed形式＋that) It's said that only one friend gave him a helping hand when he was in trouble. 学生用书第104页 Part 1　核心词汇……………………………多维练透 sink (教材义)v.使(船)沉没；(补充义) v．使失败，受挫；衰退，恶化；减少，降低；下沉 n．水槽，水池；洼地 (1)sink to沉入；下沉 be sunk in 陷入…… (2)sink into/to/down/back 颓然坐下/重重倒下 (3)one's heart/spirits sink(s) 心情沉重；情绪低落 (4)sinking adj. (情绪突然)颓丧的，下沉的 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)．..my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking (sink) of the Titanic by acting out a play，where I played all the parts. ②The moment his head hit the pillow，he sank (sink) into a deep sleep. ③[读后续写之情感描写] 她心情沉重，突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。 Her heart sank．She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't hold back her tears. ④He watched as Levi took his usual seat at the back of the bus，his shoulders sunk (低垂)and his eyes fixed on the floor. signal (教材义)n.信号；暗号；(补充义) n．标志，预示；起因，导火线 v．发信号，示意；告知，表示 (1)signal at sb 朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (to sb) that... 示意(某人)…… (2)a signal (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事的信号 ①We signalled (signal) to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he fell into the river. ②[读后续写之动作描写] 我跑向汽车，拉住他的胳膊，示意他跟我走。 I ran up to the car，took him by the arm and signalled him to follow me． ③At a tree near the destination，Mom stopped suddenly，taking out a red mat to sit on and signalling to me to join my friends (示意我加入到我朋友中去). ④[中国元素] 农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。 The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month，signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. concern (教材义)n.忧虑，担心；(补充义) n．使人担忧的事物；关心，关爱；重要的事物，关心的事； v．有关，关于；涉及，影响；使忧虑，使担心 (1)concern oneself with/about sth 关心/担心某事 be concerned about/for... 关心/担心…… (2)be concerned with... 与……有关；关注…… as far as sb/sth be concerned 就某人/某事而言 ①Concerned (concern)about your illness，we'd like to know how you are feeling now. ②(2023·全国乙卷)．..until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns (concern) not only in writing but in things. ③[读后续写之心理描写] 最让我担心的是大卫是否能在摔倒后爬起来。 What concerned me most was whether David could pick himself up after falling. ④For now，we were not concerned about (不担心)what results we would get，but enjoyed the precious moment on the stage. 学生用书第105页 annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的 (1)annoy v．使恼怒，使烦恼；打扰 It annoys sb that/when/how...……令某人生气 (2)annoyed adj.恼怒；生气；烦恼 be annoyed by/about sth 因某事生气 be annoyed with/at sb 生某人的气 (3)annoyance n．气恼，烦恼 annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的 ①I'm anxious to complain about the noise that is constantly annoying (annoy) me. ②This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution—and you are less likely to be annoyed (annoy). ③[读后续写之情感动作描写] 孩子们弄出这么烦人的噪音，莎莉很生气，她恼怒地用拳头捶桌子。 Sally was annoyed at the children for making such annoying noise，pounding the table with her fist in annoyance. ④(2023·全国甲卷)You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying (annoy) situations. adjust (教材义) v．适应，(使)习惯；(补充义) v．调整，调节；整理(衣服) (1)adjust to(doing) sth 适应(做)某事 (2)adjust oneself to... 使自己适应…… (3)adjust...to...调整……以适应…… (4)make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整 ①In this way，you may adjust yourself (you) to living in China soon. ②[读后续写之动作描写] 我向这家人挥手告别后，调整了一下后视镜，然后慢慢地把车开出了停车场。 After waving goodbye to the family，I adjusted my mirror and then edged my car out of the parking place. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse，Nappy，“moves more easily and rides more comfortably”after a chiropractic adjustment (adjust). ④[中国元素] 要全面理解中国文化，必须适应阴阳的概念，阴阳代表着对立力量之间的平衡与和谐。 To fully embrace Chinese culture，it is essential to adjust to the concept of yin and yang，which represents the balance and harmony between opposing forces. tear(教材义)n.眼泪，泪水；(补充义) v．撕碎；撕破；撕裂；狂奔，疾驰；(眼睛)流眼泪；饱经……摧残；(尤指选择或做决定)使折磨 (1)in tears 流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears 突然大哭起来 fight/hold back tears强忍住泪水 (2)tear sth apart撕碎某物 tear sth down 推倒；拆毁(建筑物) tear sth up把(纸/布)撕碎 tear one's heart out 使某人心如刀绞/伤心欲绝 ①He tore (tear) a page out of his notebook and handed it to her. ②She burst into tears (tear) at the sight of her mother，releasing all her pent­up emotions. ③[读后续写之情感细节描写] 想到那些贫穷、饥饿的孩子，我心如刀绞。一滴泪从我脸上滑落。 The thought of those poor，hungry children was tearing my heart out．A tear slid down my cheek． ④约翰逊夫人笑了，眼泪顺着她的脸流下来，她觉得她在教育上的所有努力都是值得的。 Mrs.Johnson smiled as tears flew down her face，feeling that all her efforts in education were worth it. [温馨提示]　tear作名词和作动词时发音不同，名词为/tɪə(r)/，动词为/teə(r)/。类似的有wind作名词发音为/wɪnd/，作动词发音为/waɪnd/。 学生用书第106页 Part 2　经典句式……………………………写作迁移 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 (1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 (2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。 (3)如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。 ①Curious (curiosity) about what the crowd in the shop was staring at，Harry edged his way inside and squeezed in. ②[读后续写之人物状态描写] After the long journey，the girl finally got home，completely exhausted/worn out (筋疲力尽). ③[读后续写之情境心理描写] 我又冷又饿，孤身一人，望着那凄凉的花园，思索着我在这里的未来。 Cold，hungry and alone，I looked at the miserable garden，wondering/thinking about my future here. ④很高兴你对最近在我们学校举行的万米接力赛感兴趣，我想和你分享一些细节。 Delighted that you're interested in the 10，000­metre relay race held in our school recently，I'd like to share with you some details. 句型公式：It＋be＋动词­ed形式＋that... (1)sb/sth is thought/believed/hoped...to do sth，意为“某人/某物被认为/相信/希望……做某事”。其中，根据情况，动词不定式可用一般式(to do)、 进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。 (2)It is thought/believed/hoped that...大家认为/相信/希望…… It is reported/supposed that...据报道/推测…… It is well­known/recognised/widely acknowledged that...众所周知…… ①It is recognised/widely acknowledged/well­known that (众所周知)these stories can relieve our stress and expand our horizons. ②[读后续写之情节描写] 大家都觉得我妈妈拍的视频很有趣，所以在网上发布后，我立刻被镇上的人认出来了。 It was thought that the video filmed by my mom was really amusing，so after it was posted online，I was instantly recognised/known in the town. ③(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that (最近据报道) the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining... Part 3　语境辨义……………………………举一反三 Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies.prep.涉及，关于 2．(2024·全国甲卷)From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs.n.网 3．When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full­speed across the lawn.v.疾驰，飞跑 4．We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark.筋疲力尽 5．It signalled the closedown of the theater.v.标志着 6．We tore the other team apart in the second half.彻底打败 7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.n.重物 学生用书第107页 8．Tears began to build in my mother's eyes.v.聚集 9．Lines grew deep in his forehead as he told us that he and my mother were getting a divorce.n.皱纹 10．Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down.v.剥蚀 Ⅱ.一词多义(选出下列单词在句中的正确释义) 1．loose A．v.放走 　　 B．adj.松散的 C．adj.不受约束，没拴绳的 D．adj.不精确的 ①The horse broke free from its reins and ran loose across the field. C ②His loose interpretation of the rules caused some confusion. D ③The hunter decided to loose the bird back into the wild. A 2．fault A．n.错误，过失 B．n.缺点，缺陷 C．n.故障 D．v.挑剔 ①You can't fault their dedication to the project. D ②The only fault of the car is its small trunk. B ③It's my fault that we missed the train. A Ⅰ.语篇语境综合练(语境创新——词汇再练) I was responsible for a survey 1.concerning (concern)“self­discipline”．I found it hard for most of my classmates 2.to concentrate (concentrate) on the lessons.Some were crazy about cellphone games；some 3.justified (justify) network novels while others just didn't adjust 4.to having lessons 5.independently (independent).To resolve the problem，I asked my parents to help me 6.out．They didn't let me down and advised discussing with my classmates on how to discipline ourselves.After that，we came up with some 7.strategies(strategy) so that everything worked out well.Three months 8.later (late)，I did a 9.second (two) survey，which showed a great 10.improvement (improve) in self­discipline. Ⅱ.真题难句拓展练(剖析长句——精准翻译) 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner，experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. [剖析]　本句是一个复杂简单句。句子主干为主系表结构 The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity。其后for...to enjoy...为动词不定式结构作定语。 [翻译]　卡洛秋季徒步节是初学者、有经验的或高级徒步者享受卡洛山脉徒步挑战或其林地步行的宁静的绝佳机会。 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. [剖析]　本句是and连接的并列句。前面分句句子主干是存现句 There are now 700 elderly people，其后looking after...动词­ing形式短语作定语。 后面分句是以现在完成时的被动结构has been given为谓语的简单句。 [翻译]　目前，在东北部的20家养老院中，有700名老人在照顾母鸡，该慈善机构得到了财政支持，将其推广到全国。 3．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)．..An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. 学生用书第108页 [剖析]　本句是一个简单句。句子主干是主谓宾结构 An officer could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer。后面的动词不定式短语to check in the operating system for recent activity是目的状语；动词­ing形式短语 arriving at the scene of a crash作后置定语，修饰句子的主语。 [翻译]　……一名到达车祸现场的警官可以要求司机提供手机，并使用信息检测仪来检查操作系统最近的动态。 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练——相互沟通了解(帮助朋友解决交往问题) 结合本单元话题，用单元词汇、经典句型完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。 [基础语料] 单元词汇 agony，fault，moreover，concern，ensure，forgive，embarrassment，frank, help out，let down，let off steam 经典句型 not only...but also...; it作形式主语句型 [情境呈现] 假定你是李华，你的加拿大笔友 Jack 因高中学习压力增大，总为一些小事对家长或同学发脾气，为此他很懊恼，希望得到你的帮助。请你回复一封信，提出建议。 [思路点拨] 人称 以第二人称为主 时态 以一般现在时为主 内容要点线索 第一段引出主题(写信目的)→第二段给出1－2条建议并简评→结尾祝愿 [写作输出] Dear Jack， How's everything going? (1)I understand your embarrassment or even agony(我理解你的尴尬甚至痛苦；embarrassment；agony).So I'm writing to suggest some ways to help you adjust and cope with your emotions. (2)Firstly, taking a deep breath can do wonders(首先，深呼吸可以创造奇迹).Take a moment to focus on your breathing—it's a simple yet effective way to help you relax and clear your mind.Moreover，exercise is a great stress reliever.(3)Engaging in physical activity not only improves your mood but also helps you let off steam(参加体育活动不仅能改善你的情绪，还能帮助你释放压力；let off steam; not only...but also...).Remember，(4)it's not your fault that you're feeling this way(你有这种感觉不是你的错；fault; it作形式主语句型)，and (5)it's important to forgive yourself and let go of any expectations that might be letting you down(原谅你自己，放弃任何可能让你失望的期望是很重要的；forgive，let down; it作形式主语句型). I hope these suggestions will help out and guide you through this challenging period.After all，you're not alone. Yours， Li Hua [变式表达] 用倒装句改写句(3)，保持意义不变。 Not only does engaging in physical activity improve your mood but also helps you let off steam. Ⅱ.读后续写微点练——赊欠出租车费(信任诚信) [基础语料] 词汇 trustworthy　　　　　　值得信赖的 reliable 可靠的 honest 诚实的 genuine 真诚的 sincere 真诚的 loyal 忠诚的 dependable 可信赖的 committed 尽心尽力的 credible 可信的 upright 正直的 good faith 诚意 trust in 信任 keep one's word 守信用 学生用书第109页 句式 feeling动词­ing形式作状语；省略引导词的定语从句；giving动词­ing形式作状语；联动动作描写 细节描写 1.His reputation for being trustworthy precedes him in the business world. 在商界，他以值得信赖而闻名。 2.The company was built on a foundation of reliability and customer trust. 这家公司建立在可靠性和顾客信任的基础之上。 3.After the scandal，the public's trust in the institution was severely damaged. 丑闻之后，公众对这家机构的信任受到了严重损害。 4.The friendship was based on mutual loyalty and sincere communication. 这段友谊建立在相互忠诚和真诚沟通的基础上。 5.The teacher emphasized the importance of being upright and keeping one's word. 老师强调了正直和守信用的重要性。 [情境呈现] (2024·新课标卷·读后续写) 我原计划飞往维也纳，然后乘公共汽车去布拉格参加一个会议→航班延误了一个半小时，我去乘开往布拉格的最后一班公共汽车→我跳上了第一辆出租车→我在最后一班公交车离开前的两分钟到达公交车站→结果我没有现金，银行卡也无法使用了，无法支付出租车费→…… [思路点拨] 文体：记叙文 人称：第一人称 时态：一般过去时为主 续写思路：根据首句I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.可知，接下来描写我和出租车司机如何协商解决车费支付问题。 [写作输出] I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.(1)He looked at me in disbelief(他难以置信地看着我).(2)Feeling guilty，I begged him for a delayed payment(我感到内疚，恳求他延期付款；feeling动词­ing形式作状语).“If I miss this last bus to Prague，I'll be late for an important conference.”I explained anxiously.“May I have your phone number? (3)I promise I will call you and return the money I owe you and give you a generous tip(我保证会给你打电话，把欠你的钱还给你，并给你一大笔小费； 省略引导词的定语从句)！” I added.Then the impossible happened.He nodded his head simply，saying，“It's cool.I accept this solution and trust you.” (4)A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words(当我听到他的话时，一种感激之情涌上心头).(5)Giving him a firm handshake，I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the bus，and jumped onto it just before its departure(我和他坚定地握了握手，跳下车，疯狂地向公共汽车跑去，在汽车开动前跳上了车；giving动词­ing形式作状语；联动动作描写). [变式表达] 用overwhelm，reach替换句(4)中的单词，改写句子并保持意义一致。 I was overwhelmed with gratitude as his words reached my ears． 单元测评13　Unit 1　Knowing me, knowing you (时间：30分钟　　满分：32.5分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·湖北部分市州期末联考) Never judge a book by its cover—even if the cover doesn't say much at all.The first thing customers see when they walk into the Strand Book Store in Manhattan is a table of nameless books with covers wrapped like Christmas presents and titles replaced by general descriptions.The store calls it “Blind Date With a Book”． “People love it，” Paul Colarusso, the communications director for the Strand, said, “We put it right at the front of the store because it quite literally stops people in their tracks.”“People are attracted to the element of surprise, which focuses attention and creates a dopamine(多巴胺) response，” Mr.Tobin, an associate professor at Case Western University, said.Meanwhile, stores have found a new way to sell books that are overlooked because they are not new, best­selling or penned by a famous author. Much like real dating, there's no perfect science, and an element of trial and error is involved.Fantasy and mystery books work well.Forgotten books from the past are great too.When in Rome by Sarah Adams is disguised as “Freshly Baked Slow Bum Rom­com”．Spoiler Alert by Olivia Dade becomes a “You've Got Mail­esque Romance.” But not all bookstores have embraced the trend.Dozens of bookstore owners around the country said they did not know what “Blind Date Books” were.Others didn't participate in the trend because store policy prohibits returns or exchanges which are necessary if someone has picked up a book they have already read. On a warm Friday morning, the bookstore is packed.About half the customers stop at the “ Blind Date Books” display by the entrance, closely inspecting the neatly drawn, wrapped covers.Heather Toner buys one.“Throwing caution to the wind and letting someone else choose for me just sort of feels like a nice change of pace，” Ms.Toner, a reader, said.“I never went on a real blind date.‘Blind Date With a Book’ is kind of my speed.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了曼哈顿的斯特兰书店推出的“盲选书籍”(Blind Date With a Book)活动。文章讨论了这种活动带来的顾客体验、其背后的心理学原理，以及这一趋势对书店销售的影响。 1．What makes “Blind Date With a Book” appealing to customers according to Mr.Tobin? A．The ability to choose specific titles. B．The attractiveness of the packaging. C．The excitement of an unforeseen choice. D．The identification of dopamine response. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“People are attracted to the element of surprise，which focuses attention and creates a dopamine response” 可以推断出，顾客更喜欢“盲选书籍”是因为他们在这种不确定性中体验到刺激和惊喜，激发了多巴胺的反应，产生兴奋感。故选C。 2．How does “Blind Date With a Book” benefit bookstores? A．It enriches customers' choices. B．It satisfies readers' special needs. C．It simplifies shopping procedures. D．It helps market less­known books. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，这种活动帮助销售那些被忽视的书籍，而这些书籍往往因为不是畅销书或不是出自名作家之手而被忽视。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “embraced” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Overlooked. B．Blocked C．Guided. D．Adopted. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，不是所有的书店都能欣然接受这种趋势。故选D。 4．Which words best describe Heather Toner's attitude towards “Blind Date With a Book”？ A．Open and adventurous. B．Cautious and reserved. C．Tolerant and indecisive. D．Dismissive and skeptical. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Heather Toner 认为让别人为自己挑选书籍是一种 “节奏的变化”，从她的话中可以看出，她认为这种方式感到轻松且充满期待，甚至将其比作一种适合自己的“盲约”，说明她对这种体验持一种积极、开放的态度，同时又抱着试一试的心态。故选A。 B (2025·杭州高三质检) Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm.In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well­being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans.Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to the extent, the people from whom you are estranged(疏远的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments.Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕 “‘原谅’是否违背人类本性” 这一主题进行了深入探讨和论证。 5．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness? A．People should offer mercy to others. B．Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness...In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well­being” 可知， Droll认为人们在 “原谅” 的时候违背了他们的本性，对自己造成了很大的伤害；也就是说，他们让自己的福祉受到了影响。故选D。 6．What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate? A．To forgive is to love. B．To dominate is to harm. C．To fight is to grow. D．To give is to receive. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.” 可知， “控制他人” 的意愿不会促成和谐的互动；接着文章以奴隶制为例，以反问的方式来阐明 “试图通过权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福”，即控制就是伤害。故选B。 7．What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness? A．Favorable. B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Skeptical. 答案：A 解析：观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的 “because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony” 可知，作者认为 “原谅” 能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐。由此可推知，作者对于 “原谅” 持支持的态度。故选A。 8．What is the message of the last paragraph? A．Forgiveness is in our nature. B．Forgiveness grows with time. C．It takes practice to forgive. D．Actuality is based on potentiality. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段，尤其最后一句可知，我们并非天生就具备 “原谅” 的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此， “原谅” 并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·湖北八市3月联考) Have you ever noticed how some people can effortlessly talk to anyone they meet, no matter how different their backgrounds are? Or have you seen that one person who always offends someone, no matter what the topic of conversation is? These two scenes show how we can differ in our abilities to interact, get along with, and relate to others around us. 1 After years of academic research and development, this social competency is now commonly referred to as “social intelligence”．Do you want to improve your social intelligence? Here are great ideas with which to get started. Listen well and pay attention Practice active listening so that you can fully engage and communicate with others. 2 It is natural to want to respond to that text message that pops up on your phone immediately, even when you're in the middle of a face­to­face conversation.Give people your full attention when speaking with them. 3 Watch out for body language 4 Even if they aren't saying so, their feelings are truly revealed.Try to tune in to what the other person is saying “physically”．In the same way, be aware of your own body language and how you are presenting yourself.If you slouch and appear physically uninterested during a conversation, it may make the speakers lose confidence in what they are saying, resulting in a negative interaction. Show that you care If you sense that someone is upset, or if someone tells you they are going through some difficulties, show them you truly care. 5 A．Life is often fast paced, with many digital distractions. B．Often, people's gestures will tell us a great deal about how they are feeling. C．Sharing other people's feelings can help you connect at a more meaningful level. D．People like to feel heard, and it will help you develop worthwhile relationships. E．The speaker fails to deliver a clear and objective message during his or her presentation. F．Engaging in a meaningful conversation can reduce loneliness and help reconnect with others. G．In the same way that we vary in traditional academic competencies, we can vary in how socially competent we are. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交商这一概念，并介绍了提高社交商的方法。 1．答案：G 解析：上文介绍了在社交场合人会有两种不同的表现：有些人可以毫不费力地与他们遇到的任何人交谈；有些人则总是冒犯别人。 G项 “就像我们在传统学术能力上的差异一样，我们在社交能力上也会有所不同。” 是对上文的总结，符合语境。故选G。 2．答案：A 解析：根据下文 “It is natural to want to respond to that text message that pops up on your phone immediately, even when you're in the middle of a face­to­face conversation.” 可知，在面对面交谈中人们可能会想去回复手机上的短信。A项 “生活节奏往往很快，有许多数字干扰。” 引出下文，其中的 digital distractions 与下文中的 that text message that pops up on your phone 相呼应。故选A。 3．答案：D 解析：根据上文 “Give people your full attention when speaking with them.” 可知，你在与人交谈时要全神贯注。D 项 “人们喜欢被倾听的感觉，这会帮助你发展有价值的人际关系。” 承接上文，说明交谈时全神贯注的好处；D项的feel heard 与上文中的 Give people your full attention 相呼应。故选D。 4．答案：B 解析：根据小标题Watch out for body language可知，本段建议 “留心肢体语言”。B项 “通常，人们的手势会告诉我们很多关于他们感受的信息。” 是对主题的解释，说明 “留心肢体语言” 的原因，符合语境。故选B。 5．答案：C 解析：上文 “If you sense that someone is upset, or if someone tells you they are going through some difficulties, show them you truly care.” 建议你要关心遇到困难的人。C 项“分享他人的感受可以帮助你们在更有意义的层面上建立联系。” 承接上文，说明这样做的作用。故选C。 学生用书第110页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $