必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版）

Part 1　单元词汇…………………………分类自测 阅读词汇——语境识意 1.a slide show　　　　　幻灯片放映 2.a travel brochure 旅游手册 3.the school canteen 学校餐厅 4.the automatic mode 自动模式 5.medical staff 全体医务人员 6.dive into the water　　潜入水中 7.a water­saving device 节水装置 8.the sustainable development 可持续发展 9.household appliances 家用电器 10.the most severe drought 最严重的旱灾 拓展词汇——变形拼写 第一组：动词变形 1.concern vt.使担忧；涉及→concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→concerning prep.关于 2.permit v．允许，许可→permission n．允许，许可 3.reduce v．减少，降低→reduction n．减少；下降 4.restore v．使恢复→restoration n．(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复；恢复→restored adj.精力充沛的；精力恢复的 5.present vt.呈现；展示；说明→presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明 6.hunt v．打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunting n．打猎，狩猎→hunter n．猎人 7.establish v．建立，设立→establishment n．建立，设立→established adj.已确立的；公认的，成名的 8.devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的→devotion n．奉献；专心 9.dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水→diving n．潜水→diver n．潜水员；跳水者 10.affect v．影响→affection n．喜爱，关爱；爱恋→affected adj.受影响的 11.adopt v．采取(某种方法)→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n．收养；采用 12.sustain v．维持；使稳定→sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的→sustainably adv.可持续地 13.renew v．重新开始；更新→renewable adj.(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的 14.urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的→urgency n．紧急；催促 15.infect vt.感染，传染→infection n．感染，传染病→infectious adj.传染的；传染性的 16.reuse vt.再利用→reusable adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的 17.remove v．移走，搬走，去掉→removal n．移走；拿去；去掉；消除 18.contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)→contribution n．贡献 19.scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scary adj.可怕的→scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 第二组：名词和形容词变形 20.major adj.重大的 n．专业→majority n．多数，大多数(人或物) 21.extinct adj.不再存在的；已灭绝的→extinction n．灭绝，绝种 22.electricity n．电→electric/electrical adj.电的，与电相关的→electronic adj.电子的 23.cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruelly adv.残忍地 24.fortunate adj.幸运的→(反义词) unfortunate adj.不幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 25.severe adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→severely adv.严重地；严厉地 学生用书第95页 名词后缀­th表示性质、状态、动作或结果等。 ①warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖　②grow 增长；生长；成长→growth 增长；生长；成长　③true真的→truth 真相；真理　④long长的→length 长度　⑤deep深的→depth 深度　⑥strong 强壮的→strength 力量　⑦wide 宽的→width 宽度　　 核心词汇——单句应用 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct (extinction)，researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. 2.(2024·全国甲卷)What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services？ 3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)BMF employees live out sustainability (sustainable) in their everyday lives. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 5.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal (remove)，winter planting，and seed collection. 6.Firefighters took two hours to release (release) the driver from the wreckage. 7.He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner，the washing machine and other household appliances (appliance). 8.They should also prepare plenty of reusable (reuse) bags to carry their “new” clothes home. 9.The majority (major) of them take an online language test before starting their programme. 10.She wondered if centuries of diving (dive) could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. 11.Mr White is the adopted son of Mrs Green，who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.Thanks to her adoption，Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer.(adopt) 12.Even if you have a permit，I won't permit you to enter the hall without my permission．(permit) 13.It is urged that we should finish the work in such a short and urgent time.(urge) 14.Our parents are more concerned about our health and future.As far as I'm concerned，we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns．(concern) 15.The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to the education cause.(devote) Part 2　短语句式……………………………教材精选 Ⅰ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 in some cases，take...into account，protect...from...，the other way round，mistake...for...，rather than，by mistake，aim at，due to，call on，break down，in fear，start with，see...as...，cut off 1．One should be in contact with others rather than only satisfy his or her desire. 2．I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account． 3．When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt cut off from the world. 4．The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day. 5．I usually cook and she does the dishes，but sometimes it's the other way round． 6．Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. 7．He took away the bag belonging to others by mistake． 学生用书第96页 8．Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm. 9．Where unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 10．The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. Ⅱ.根据所给汉语和要求完成下面的句子 1．她花了三个小时修理自行车。(it takes sb some time to do句型) It took her three hours to repair her bike. 2．这款新手机比我的旧手机贵了两倍。(倍数表达) This new phone is twice as expensive as my old one. Part 1　核心词汇……………………………多维练透 scare (教材义)v.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬；(补充义) n．惊恐，惊吓；(社会上的)大恐慌 (1)scare sb/sth away/off把……吓跑 (2)scare sb into doing sth 胁迫某人做某事 (3)be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 be scared to death 吓得要死 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared (scare) of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new. ②When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I was nearly scared to death. ③[读后续写之动作神态描写] 看着妈妈生气的脸，小家伙吓坏了，他结结巴巴地向妈妈道歉：“对不起……抱歉。” Glancing at his mother's angry face，the little guy was scared，and he stammered an apology to her，“Sorry...sorry.” ④(2024·全国甲卷)For instance，almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals (吓跑危险的动物)or look for shelter. devote v．致力，献身，倾注 (1)devote oneself/time/energy/life to (doing) sth某人投身于……；把时间/精力/生命奉献于…… (2)be devoted to(doing) sth 专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n．奉献；忠诚 devoted adj.热衷的；挚爱的 ①Responsible and devoted (devote) to community work，he is praised by the people around. ②For the past five years，Paula Smith，a historian of science，has devoted herself (she) to recreating long­forgotten techniques. ③[应用文写作之表达感激] 我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和写作能力所付出的努力。 I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills. ④That night I turned restlessly in my bed thinking about the devotion my grandmother had for her children (想着祖母对孩子们的挚爱)and about how even today she continues to put the needs of everyone in our family above her own. affect (教材义)v.影响；(补充义) v．(疾病)侵袭，感染；(在感情上)深深打动，震撼 (1)be deeply/greatly affected by... 被……深深打动 (2)be affected with...染上……疾病 (3)show/have/feel much/an affection for...(非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… ①Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects (affect) performance. ②Large amounts of donations have been flooding into the affected (affect) areas. 学生用书第97页 ③[应用文写作之投稿申请] 在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection for the career. ④(2024·全国甲卷)However，when a cat is looking for affection (affect)，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. reduce (教材义)v.减少，降低；(补充义) v．使沦为，使陷入(不好的境地) (1)reduce to...降至…… be reduced to...沦落为……；减少到……(to为介词) (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默 (3)reduce sth to ruins/ashes 把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬 (4)reduction n．减少 ①Though reduced (reduce) to ruins in the terrible earthquake，the city began to breathe again. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction (reduce) in error. ③[应用文写作之建议信] 减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust. ④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce (reduce) the journey，Babylon Micro­Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. ⑤(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate about reducing (reduce) waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，”said a BMF employee. urge (教材义)v.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促；(补充义) v．驱赶，鞭策；激励(～ sb on) n．强烈的欲望，冲动；推动力 (1)have/feel an urge to do sth 很渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 (3)urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事 ①It is urged that we students take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic. ②She was like a nurse for newborns，urging (urge) me to step up and change a diaper or something. ③[读后续写之情感描写] 我感到很尴尬，我突然很想跑下台，但我忍住了。 I was embarrassed，but I fought back the sudden urge to run off the stage． ④(2023·新课标卷应用文写作)But learning that we'll be randomly paired to do the oral practice，I feel an urge to express (我非常想表达) my different voice，hoping that this wouldn't offend you. contribute (教材义)v.促成，造成(某事发生)；(补充义) v．捐赠，捐助；(为……)做贡献；撰稿，投稿；发表意见，提议 (1)contribute...to... 捐助……给……；向……投稿 (2)contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿 (3)contribution n．贡献 make a contribution/contributions to...为……作出贡献 ①Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing (contribute) to fewer injuries. ②The ancient Chinese people found a lot of herbs that contributed (contribute) to the wound healing quickly. ③[读后续写之主旨升华句] 社区服务很值得做，这是一件我能为世界作出积极贡献的工作。 The community service was a job worthwhile to do，something positive I could do to make contributions to the world． 学生用书第98页 ④(2024·浙江1月卷)Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures，read materials and contribute to online discussion (积极参与网上讨论) boards. average (教材义) adj.平均(数)的；(补充义) n．平均(数) v．平均；算平均数 (1)an average of平均有(后跟数词) on average 平均来看 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 (2)average...out 算出……的平均数 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged (average) together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate. ②Mammals weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3 while modern man has a brain averaging (average) 1，200 cm3－1，400 cm3. ③[应用文写作之人物介绍] 他的学习成绩远超过其他同学，但他仍然十分谦虚，而且乐于助人。 His academic performance is well above average，but he is still modest and helpful. ④(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days (平均持续两天)，and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care... due to 由于，因为 (1)due to 表示“因为”时，一般用作表语和状语；due 为形容词，意为“预定的，到期的；欠下的；应给的” (2)be due to do/for sth 预定/计划(做)某事 (3)be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 ①(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. ②Due to the fact that (由于事实上)many students lack self­discipline，they are likely to get distracted by online games. ③[应用文写作之表达感激] 由于您的支持和指导，我能够克服挑战并取得成功。 Due to your support and guidance，I was able to overcome challenges and achieve success. ④However，I regret to inform you that I won't be available at that time due to my scheduled exam (由于安排了考试). Part 2　经典句式……………………………写作迁移 句型公式：It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth (某人)花费多长时间做某事 (1)It takes courage/efforts/hard work to do sth 做某事需要勇气/努力 (2)It takes/took some time before...要过多久才/就…… ①(2023·浙江1月卷)If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile (火车53秒走一英里)，you're going about 67.92 mph. ②It did take me hard work to finish (确实费了我很大劲完成) the project alone despite his remote guidance. ③[读后续写之动作描写] 我设法把湿衣服拖到洗衣房。那天我花费大部分时间洗衣服、晒衣服。 I managed to drag the wet clothes to the laundry room.It took me most of the day to wash and dry clothes． ④(2024·九省联考读后续写)It took me a long time to discover this secret (我花了很长时间发现这个秘密)，too.It's not easy to follow Maya. Part 3　语境辨义……………………………举一反三 Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result.v.忽视 2．She has been removed from her post as director.v.免除，解除(职务等) 3．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.v.使陷入某种境地 学生用书第99页 4．My nose was bleeding and I plugged it with cotton wool.v.堵塞 5．He stood there in a threatening attitude.n.姿态 6．She smiled broadly, and a wave of relief flooded over him.v.掠过 7．Many American families pride themselves on their cooking, and have deep freezers, where they store food they grow in their gardens or buy in the supermarket.vi.因……而自豪 8．They failed to grasp the importance of his words.v.理解 Ⅱ.一词多义(选出下列单词在句中的正确释义) 1．flood A．v.淹没 B．v.大量涌入 C．n.大量 D．n.洪水 ①The river burst its banks and flooded the surrounding fields. A ②Donations are flooding into the homeless shelter. B ③A flood of cheap imports has come into the country. C 2．dive A．v.潜水，跳水 B．v.俯冲，急速下滑 C．v.暴跌 D．v.突袭 ①The stock market dived after the company's earnings report. C ②Police dived into the building to arrest the suspect. D ③The children loved to dive into the clear water from the dock. A Ⅰ.语篇语境综合练(语境创新——词汇再练) Herds of elephants used to live on the plains of Africa and in the forests of Asia.But today，hunters are seriously 1.dangerous (danger) to them.2.A large amount of cruel hunting so far 3.has contributed (contribute) to the dramatic 4.reduction (reduce) of these large animals.To save them，some 5.reserves (reserve) have been established where they can live in peace and 6.safety (safe).Moreover，many people are devoted to 7.protecting (protect) them.However，the 8.cruelty (cruel) on them will continue as long as interest in buying elephant products 9.is permitted (permit).To make humans and animals live in harmony，it is urged that measures be taken to protect these beautiful creatures from 10.extinction (extinct). Ⅱ.真题难句拓展练(剖析长句——精准翻译) 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. [剖析]　本句是一个主从复合句。主句主干是主谓结构 The Glasshouse stands。to house...为状语结构，其中retracing the steps为非谓语动词作定语，which引导定语从句。 [翻译]　这个温室作为当代设计的一个伟大成就而存在，它将来自中国西南部的植物安置在小路的尽头，这条小路可以追溯到丝绸之路时期，丝绸之路把植物从它们在亚洲的自然生长环境中带了过来，为英国的园艺书写了丰富的篇章。 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion，the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. [剖析]　本句是一个复合句。句子主干为主系表结构The key finding of the study was that...；其中第一个that引导表语从句，该表语从句的主干是主系表结构 the averages...were more accurate than...，when引导时间状语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰smaller groups。 [翻译]　这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。 学生用书第100页 3．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation and cultural exchanges. [剖析]　本句是一个简单句。句子主干为主谓宾宾补结构The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” calls for people to come together。动词­ed形式短语issued at the ceremony修饰主语； working in the tea industry修饰宾语people；动词不定式短语to promote international cooperation and cultural exchanges为目的状语。 [翻译]　仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日茶路合作倡议” 号召茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练——保护地球(对于保护地球的认识) 结合本单元话题，用单元词汇、经典句型完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。 [基础语料] 单元词汇 target，fortunately，reserve，devote，supply，restore，affect，reduce，average，contribute，sustainable, due to，take into account 经典句型 介词提前的定语从句 [情境呈现] 你们学校最近组织了一次植树活动，请以“An Interesting Tree­planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英语报投稿。 [思路点拨] 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 以一般现在时和一般过去时为主 内容要点线索 第一段引出主题(外出植树)→第二段介绍过程→结尾表达意义或感受 [写作输出] An Interesting Tree­planting Activity Last Sunday，our school organized an interesting tree­planting activity，(1)to which almost all students contributed actively(几乎所有的学生都积极参与了； contribute；介词提前的定语从句).Due to the enthusiasm，the event was a great success. At the beginning，(2)our teacher devoted all his time to explaining the proper techniques for planting trees(我们的老师花了他所有的时间来解释正确的植树技术；devote).(3)Afterwards，we got involved and cooperated pleasantly，each taking on different roles(之后，我们参与其中，合作愉快，每个人扮演不同的角色).Some were tasked with digging holes，others with planting the trees，while a group was responsible for watering them.On average，each student planted at least two trees，(4)which will undoubtedly contribute to the beautification of our campus(这无疑将有助于美化我们的校园). (5)We took into account the importance of environmental protection(我们考虑到了环境保护的重要性)，and this activity helped us to reduce our ecological footprint. [变式表达] 用with复合结构改写合并句(5)并保持意义不变。 With the importance of environmental protection taken into account, this activity helped us to reduce our impact on the ecosystem. Ⅱ.读后续写微点练——发现海豚的秘密 (聪明智慧) [基础语料] 词汇 intelligent 　　　　　　聪明的 wise 明智的 clever 灵巧的 bright 聪明的 perceptive 有洞察力的 sharp 敏锐的 insightful 有洞察力的 brainy 有头脑的 quick­witted 机智的 have a good head on one's shoulders 头脑清醒 a sharp mind 敏锐的头脑 学生用书第101页 句式 hiding动词­ing形式作状语；so that引导状语从句；It takes sb some time to do sth 细节描写 1.She always comes up with intelligent solutions to complex problems. 她总是能为复杂的问题提出聪明的解决方案。 2.His wise decision saved the company from bankruptcy. 他明智的决定使公司免于破产。 3.The clever student figured out a shortcut to solve the math problem. 这个聪明的学生想出了一个解决数学问题的捷径。 4.He's known for his sharp wit and quick comebacks in debates. 他以辩论中敏锐的机智和快速的反击而闻名。 5.The insightful author wrote a thought­provoking novel. 这位有洞察力的作者写了一部发人深省的小说。 [情境呈现] (2024·九省联考·读后续写) Hilda在海洋生物公园作为志愿者协助海豚训练师工作→一天，海豚Maya向Hilda展示了一个糖果包装纸，训练师Katherine因此责怪Hilda的粗心→Hilda决定对Maya进行水下监视→Hilda发现过滤箱后面被Maya藏起来的物品→Hilda出水后，看到Katherine正在脱下潜水装备，而Maya嘴里叼着一把梳子在水池边等待奖励。 [思路点拨] 文体：记叙文 人称：第三人称 时态：一般过去时为主 续写思路：根据所给句子“This is Maya's secret，”Hilda said with a big smile.可知，接下来要写Hilda会揭示她发现的Maya的秘密，解释她是如何发现海豚藏东西的行为。 [写作输出] “This is Maya's secret，”Hilda said with a big smile.The truth of the matter，Hilda continued，is that Maya is intelligent enough to secretly collect items from the tank，(1)hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank(把它们藏在水箱后面的过滤器附近；hiding动词­ing形式作状语).(2)When you train her，she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you(当你训练她时，她会给你一些东西，这样她就可以从你那里得到奖励；so that引导状语从句).“Really? How do you know that？” Katherine asked in surprise.Hilda laughed and replied，“(3)It took me a long time to discover this secret，too(我也花了很长时间才发现这个秘密；It takes sb some time to do sth).It's not easy to follow Maya.” [变式表达] 用“when＋动词­ed形式”，in exchange for改写句(2)并保持意义不变。 When trained，she will give you some items in exchange for treats from you． 单元测评12　Unit 6　Earth first (时间：30分钟　　满分：35分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·苏北七市二测) Like many of the Indigenous communities across the Australian continent, the remote communities in north­west New South Wales are struggling.Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare.Higher electricity bills—up to $3，000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty.They're always at the end of the power line, so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost.It's a real problem that needs to be fixed. To that end, Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance (FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities.They partner with private enterprise to support Indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy. “We can build a power station where the community exists，” Anderson says, “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.” Only a handful of Indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia.The Indigenous­owned and operated company All Grid Energy, for instance, has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel (柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory's Barkly Tableland.Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40. But FREA will go one step further, working with community leaders and acting as a conduit (中转机构) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with.This is essential, says Anderson, to avoid predatory (掠夺性的) practices they have seen in the past, with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage.The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects. One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.“Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community, it will work in every other community，” Anderson says. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的土著社区领导人 Anderson与其他领导人成立了第一个民族可再生能源联盟(FREA)，以推动在土著社区使用可再生能源，并避免过去企业利用贫困心理进行的掠夺性行为。 1．What is FREA expected to do for the remote Indigenous communities? A．Increase power supply to them. B．Help them return to their homelands. C．Shake them off poverty. D．Reduce their higher power costs. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容和第二段中的 “To that end, Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance (FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities.” 可知，FREA 期望让偏远的土著社区也能使用可再生能源发电，来降低他们较高的电力成本。故选D。 2．What does the author indicate by mentioning All Grid Energy? A．Renewables projects are inaccessible. B．Renewables projects are quite workable. C．Renewables projects can increase locals' income. D．Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的 “Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.” 可推知，作者使用 All Grid Energy公司的案例——该公司安装了太阳能电池板和电池存储系统，以取代柴油发电机，这使当地土著居民纷纷回村，人口也得以增长——是想说明可再生能源项目确实可行。故选B。 3．What's Paragraph 5 mainly about concerning FREA? A.Its strategies to win over businesses. B．Its cooperation with company leaders. C．Its potential conflict with energy companies. D．Its innovation in directing renewables projects. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第五段中的 “to avoid predatory (掠夺性的) practices...Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.” 可知，第五段讲述了为了避免过去的情况，FREA 已经起草了协议条款，指导公司如何与土著社区合作开展可再生能源项目。因为要避免过去的情况，所以他们在方法上有创新。故选D。 4．What's FREA going to do next? A．Consult the experts. B．Select a piloting community. C.Collect sufficient construction fund. D．Make renewables projects available to all. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的 “One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.” 可推知，FREA的下一步计划之一是确定一个可以作为可再生能源项目测试案例的社区，即选择一个试点社区。故选B。 B (2025·广东高三联考) Scientists have found that floating solar panels could provide a huge amount of electricity if they were placed on lakes and other bodies of water around the world.Floating solar panels could also help save water and protect land. Solar panels—also known as “photovoltaic” panels—are used to turn sunlight into electricity.Most solar panels are placed on land in large collections called solar farms.But recently people have begun to explore putting floating solar panels on water.Because these panels float, some people call them “floatovoltaics (浮动光伏)”． The researchers behind the new study looked at 114，555 reservoirs worldwide.They used computer programs to figure out how much electricity could be produced yearly by covering 30% of these reservoirs with floating solar panels.The answer was surprisingly large—more than twice the amount of energy the United States generates in a year.And 10 times as much energy as all the solar power currently being generated in the world.The researchers described the results as “remarkable”． The scientists found that floatovoltaics would be especially useful when reservoirs were near smaller cities (50，000 people or less).The researchers say there are about 6，256 cities around the world where floating solar panels could provide all the electricity the cities need. Floatovoltaics can also help save water by limiting evaporation (蒸发)from reservoirs.The scientists say that solar panels covering just 30% of the reservoirs' surfaces could save as much water as 300 million people would use in a year.There are several other reasons that make floatovoltaics a good idea.Photovoltaic panels work better when they're not extremely hot.The water helps cool the panels so that they create more energy.Putting solar panels on water also means that there's no need to clear land for a solar farm.That's more and more important as countries work to fight climate change and protect natural spaces for wild animals. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板——既能发电又能节约水，同时保护野生生物(生存)的自然空间。 5．What did the researchers think of the study results? A．Skeptical. B．Amazing. C．Worrying. D．Interesting. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “The answer was surprisingly large” 及 “The researchers described the results as ‘remarkable’．” 可知，研究人员认为这些结果是 “非凡的”， remarkable 与 amazing的意思相近，故选B。 6．Where should floating solar panels be placed to make them extremely helpful? A．In small cities with more rain and less sunshine. B．In huge cities with many small lakes and rivers. C．In tiny cities near reservoirs with less than 50，000 people. D．In large cities far from reservoirs with more than 50，000 people. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The scientists found that floatovoltaics would be especially useful when reservoirs were near smaller cities (50，000 people or less).” 可知，科学家们发现，当水库靠近较小的城市(人口不超过5万)时，浮动光伏尤其有用。由此可知，在不超过5万人的城市，浮动光伏是极其有用的。故选C。 7．Why is covering reservoirs with floating solar panels useful? A．It can help reduce water evaporation. B．It can prevent water from being polluted. C．It purifies the water available for consumption. D．It provides enough sunlight for the solar panels. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “Floatovoltaics can also help save water by limiting evaporation(蒸发) from reservoirs.” 可知，浮动光伏可以通过减少水库中的水的蒸发来帮助节约水。由此可知，用浮动太阳能电池板覆盖水库可以帮助减少水的蒸发。故选A。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．The Methods of Using Floatovoltaics B．The Prospects of the Power Industry C．Solar Farms—Turning Sunlight Into Electricity D．Floating Solar Panels—Making Energy, Saving Water　 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板——既能发电又能节约水。所以D项适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(本题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·郑州二测) After my mother suffered from Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默病), the plants in our house began to die.In years past, I remember the deep, earthy smell that would 1 in our house after my mother had made her weekly watering rounds.Back then, I never connected it with the care that was at the 2 of everything she did. But now, leaves were 3 ， some dry and edged with brown, and many of the stems(茎) bare.It was a mark of how my mother can no longer attend to all the things that she lovingly cared for.I was so focused on the increasing 4 of her own care that her beloved plants had escaped my 5 ． I began her old rounds, pouring water into the thirsty soil, and soon the plants 6 ．That's the thing about house plants: They demand nothing.They wait quietly, no matter how 7 they are.But even after my best 8 ， some of the plants couldn't survive.My mother's kind caregivers have since brought new ones to add to her 9 ， and my father buys fresh flowers every week. Though Alzheimer's disease 10 so much of her memory, her desire to care is still there.I would guide her down the steps to water the plants herself.I watched as her shaking hands picked the brown leaves.Each time, she smiled up at me with 11 satisfaction because being able to 12 something is still what brings her the greatest joy. I look at plants 13 these days.I see them as my mother does: 14 reminders of the need for kindness toward all living things.It is clear to me that the things we spend a lifetime 15 are never truly lost and the love she has planted in me still blooms. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在母亲得了阿尔茨海默病之后，作者开始学着照料院子里母亲种植的花草。通过这件事作者感悟到：植物无声地提醒我们需要善待所有的生物，我们永远不会真正失去那些自己花了一生的时间培育的东西；母亲在 “我” 身上种下的爱之花仍然盛开。 1．A.pile on B．rise up C．come over D．wander off 答案：B 解析：根据空后的 “after my mother had made her weekly watering rounds” 可知，在 “我” 母亲每周给花草浇水之后，房间里应是升起浓浓的泥土味。故选B。 2．A.beginning B．top C．foundation D．thought 答案：C 解析：根据空后的 “of everything she did” 和空前的 “the care” 可知，此处是说以她所做的一切为基础的照料。故选C。 3．A.dropping B．appearing C．turning D．waving 答案：A 解析：根据空后的 “some dry and edged with brown, and many of the stems(茎) bare” 及生活常识可知，由于疏于照料，植物的叶子会枯萎。所以，此处是指一些叶子掉落，一些叶子干枯变黄，许多茎也是光秃秃的。故选A。 4．A.processes B．possibilities C．goals D．demands 答案：D 解析：根据上文 “After my mother suffered from Alzheimer's disease” 可知，此处是指 “我” 太专注于对她个人的日益增长的照料需求。故选D。 5．A.desire B．memory C．protection D．notice 答案：D 解析：根据上文的 “I was so focused on the increasing” 可知，此处是指 “我” 专注于对母亲的照顾， 而没有注意到母亲心爱的植物。故选D。 6．A.recovered B．absorbed C．dried D．shone 答案：A 解析：根据空前的 “I began her old rounds, pouring water into the thirsty soil” 可知，作者开始了她母亲的惯例：把水倒进缺水的土壤里。所以植物应是很快就恢复了生机。故选A。 7．A.lonely B．helpless C．thirsty D．anxious 答案：C 解析：根据上文的 “pouring water into the thirsty soil” 及空前的 “They wait quietly” 可知，此处是指：它们不要求任何东西；它们安静地等待，不管它们有多渴。空处与上文 “pouring water into the thirsty soil” 中的 thirsty 是原词复现。故选C。 8．A.contributions B．attempts C．choices D．explorations 答案：B 解析：根据上文中的 “But even” 及空后的 “some of the plants couldn't survive” 可知，此处应与下文是转折关系。所以此句表示的是：尽管作者尽了最大的努力，有些植物还是无法存活。故选B。 9．A.collection B．love C．sharing D．amusement 答案：A 解析：根据空前的 “My mother's kind caregivers have since brought new ones to add to her” 及空后的 “my father buys fresh flowers every week” 可知，此处是指母亲的照顾和父亲购置新花都 “增加了母亲的收藏品(collection)”。故选A。 10．A.recalls B．hides C．steals D．escapes 答案：C 解析：根据常识及空后的 “so much of her memory” 可知，此处是说阿尔茨海默病偷走了她的很多记忆。故选C。 11．A.deep B．passing C．slight D．longing 答案：A 解析：根据上文的 “she smiled up at me” 及下文的 “what brings her the greatest joy” 可知，此处是指她 “非常满意地” 看着“我”。故选A。 12．A.live with B．find out C．care for D．focus on 答案：C 解析：根据上文的 “Though Alzheimer's disease so much of her memory, her desire to care is still there.” 可知，虽然阿尔茨海默病夺走了她的很多记忆，但她关心别人的愿望仍然存在。所以，此处是指 “能够照顾一些东西仍然是她最大的乐事”。故选C。 13．A.definitely B．curiously C．strangely D．differently 答案：D 解析：根据下文 “I see them as my mother does” 可知，此处是指 “对植物的看法不同了”。故选D。 14．A.final B．quiet C．permanent D．quick 答案：B 解析：根据上文 “They wait quietly” 可知，此处是指 “无声的提醒”。故选B。 15．A.growing B．seeking C．expecting D．saving 答案：A 解析：根据下文的 “never truly lost” 可知， 此处是指 “花了一生的时间培育的东西不会真正地失去”。故选A。 学生用书第102页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $