必修第一册 Unit 3 Family matters（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、句式、语篇三大高考核心模块，将阅读词汇语境识意、拓展词汇变形拼写、核心词汇多维练透等基础考点，与短语句式应用、写作迁移训练、真题语篇剖析等综合能力要求有机衔接，通过“考点分类自测—方法巧归纳—真题语境应用—分层测评反馈”的教学流程，帮助学生构建从词汇积累到语篇输出的完整知识体系，突破语境中词汇辨析、句式灵活运用等难点。 资料突出“语境驱动+能力迁移”特色，如核心词汇“approach”通过“多义辨析+真题例句+写作应用”三维训练，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，经典句式模块结合2024新课标卷真题设计分词作状语写作迁移练习，强化语用能力。设置语篇综合练、真题难句拓展练等分层任务，配合单元测评即时反馈，确保学生在有限时间内提升词汇运用、读写结合的应考能力，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

Part 1　单元词汇…………………………分类自测 阅读词汇——语境识意 1.a defense lawyer　　　辩护律师 2.studio album 录音室专辑 3.civil courts 民事法庭 4.a deep sigh 深深的叹息 5.go jogging 慢跑锻炼 6.wear a black beard 留着黑色的胡须 7.pink cheeks 粉红的脸颊 8.a strong square jaw 一副结实的方下巴 9.Olympic athletes　　　 　　　　奥林匹克运动员 10.the news media 新闻媒体 11.environmental issues 环境方面的问题 12.a running track 跑道 13.win a medal 获得一枚奖牌 14.an immensely powerful organization 有巨大影响力的组织 15.a slim figure 苗条的身材 16.a fair skin 白皙的皮肤 拓展词汇——变形拼写 第一组：动词变形 1.suit v．适合→suitable adj.合适的 2.ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的→ignorance n．无知；愚昧 3.generate v．产生，引起→generation n．一代(人)→generator n．发电机；发生器 4.respect v．尊敬，敬重→respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respectful adj.尊敬的 5.contain v．包含，含有→container n．容器 6.assume v．假定，假设，认为→assumption n．假设 7.settle v．和解，结束(争论)→settlement n．解决→settler n．定居者 8.judge v．认为，判断→judg(e)ment n．判断 9.admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕→admirable adj.令人羡慕的→admiration n．羡慕 10.apologise v．道歉→apology n．道歉 11.observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)→observation n．观察→observer n．观察者 第二组：名词变形 12.option n．选择，可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的 13.talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.有天赋的；有才能的 14.profession n．职业；专业→professional adj.职业的，专业的 15.memory n．记忆，回忆→memorize v．记住→memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的 16.event n．活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)→eventful adj.多变故的；充满大事的→(反义词) uneventful adj.平凡的；平静无事的 17.athlete n．运动员，田径运动员→athletic adj.田径运动的；健壮的 18.nation n．国家→national adj.国家的；民族的→nationality n．国籍，民族 19.law n．法律→lawyer n．律师→lawful adj.合法的，法律许可的 20.stress n．重音，重读→stressed adj.紧张的，焦虑的→stressful adj.压力重的 21.sum n．金额；总数 v．概括，总结→summary n．总结，概要→summarize v．总结，概述 学生用书第23页 22.power n．权力；影响力；力量→powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→powerfully adv.强有力地；有影响力地 23.character n．(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色→characterize v．描述，刻画；是……的特征→characteristic n．特征，特点，特色 adj.独特的，典型的 24.detail n．细节，细微之处→detailed adj.详细的 第三组：形容词变形 25.entire adj.全部的，整个的→entirely adv.全部地；完全地 26.obvious adj.明显的→obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地 27.individual adj.独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义)→individually adv.单独地，分别地 28.strong adj.强大的，强壮的→strongly adv.强烈地→strength n．强烈程度→strengthen vt.加强，巩固 29.responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的→(反义词) irresponsible adj.不负责任的→responsibly adv.认真负责地→responsibility n．责任 30.regular adj.定期的；有规律的→(反义词) irregular adj.无规律的；不整齐的→regularly adv.经常 ­ion多为名词后缀，其相应形容词后缀也可能是­al。 ①nation n．国家→national adj.国家的　②profession n．职业，专业→professional adj.专业的，职业的　③education n．教育→educational adj.教育的　　 核心词汇——单句应用 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored (ignore). 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)That means you have tons of less­visited options (option) to choose from. 3.(2024·浙江1月卷)But this highly informed，self­educated，and admirable (admire) person prevented me doing so. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently (current) developing it. 5.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations (generate). 6.It was a neighbor called Mario，coming to bring us a box containing (contain) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. 7.Almost every hutong has its stories，and some are even associated with historic events (event). 8.As a future time or event approaches (approach)，it gradually gets nearer as time passes. 9.However，we did not mark the route so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely (entire). 10.I've been doing a lot of television work lately and it interests me enormously (enormous). 11.We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible) 12.An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement．(settle) 13.They assumed that there would be a substitute for the earth but the assumption seemed impossible.(assume) 14.To make yourself strong and increase your strength，you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles.(strong) 学生用书第24页 Part 2　短语句式……………………………教材精选 Ⅰ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 calm down，leave behind，kind of，make up for，in the lead，end up，have an increasing impact on，in surprise，focus on，in trouble，turn to，jump in with both feet，in a hurry，throw away，throw a party，be proud of，settle for，be related to，take time off，have sth in min 1．After working tirelessly for months on the project，Julia decided to take time off to relax. 2．Although the hotel was not as luxurious as she had hoped，Lisa decided to settle for it because it was the only option available in that remote area. 3．I'm kind of nervous about the presentation tomorrow because it's my first time speaking in front of such a large audience. 4．Ordinary as they are，my parents are truly my best teachers and I am proud of them. 5．By opening a novel，I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful world where I am now a new character. 6．Thanks to our original design and perfect technological creation，our products have been in the lead all the time. 7．To make up for missing his best friend's birthday party，John planned a special dinner and gave him a thoughtful gift. 8．While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering nothing. 9．When the car broke down in the middle of nowhere，Sarah realized they were in trouble and needed to find help quickly. 10．When the children were arguing loudly in the living room，their mother asked them to calm down so they could discuss the issue more reasonably. Ⅱ.根据所给汉语和要求完成下面的句子 1．因此，以提高英语流利度为目标，这些话题将为我们提供必要的资源，使我们的英语能力达到新的高度。(动词­ed形式短语作状语) So，targeted to improve English fluency，these topics will provide us with the necessary resources to take our English­speaking abilities to new heights. 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)在课堂上，我受到公园里一幅令人惊叹的景色的启发，心满意足地完成了我的山水画。 During the class，inspired by a breathtaking scene in the park，I completed my landscape painting with great satisfaction. 3．(2023·浙江1月卷应用文写作)从中我学到了很多，我开始明白为什么仙人掌和其他干燥的植物有锋利的叶子。 Learning /Having learned much from it，I came to understand why cactuses and other dry plants have sharp leaves. 4．(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写)这是一个富有挑战性的学生，他以专心致志和成绩好而闻名——与我完全相反。(here完全倒装句) Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single­mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. 学生用书第25页 Part 1　核心词汇……………………………多维练透 approach (教材义) v．走近，靠近；(补充义) v．对付，处理；近似，接近于 n．方法，态度；通道，路径；靠近，接近 (1)(an) approach to (doing) sth(做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口 (2)at the approach of＝with...approaching随着……临近 ①InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches (approach) to “low­impact” solar development. ②Not seeing or hearing any fire engines approaching (approach)，Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran up the stairs. ③[应用文写作之邀请信] 中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。 With the Mid­Autumn Festival approaching/At the approach of the Mid­Autumn Festival，I'd like to invite you to join us in celebrating it. ④(2024·浙江1月卷)A young Chinese man approached (approach) me on the train.My new friend spoke virtually no English，so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese. focus (教材义) v．(把……)集中(于)；(补充义) n．重点；关注；目的；焦距 (1)focus (...) on/upon...集中(……) 于……；聚焦(……)于…… (2)bring...into focus/come into focus(使)成为焦点 (3)focused adj.注意力集中的 keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力 ①The lecture will focus on /upon the history and development of Chinese characters. ②While rock­climbing，you need to remain very focused (focus) so that you won't make any dangerous errors. ③[应用文写作之邀请信] 我写信想邀请您给我们做一个关于英语写作的线上交流。 I'm writing to invite you to give us an online talk which focuses on English writing． ④(2023·浙江1月卷)Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts，history and science­related activities in every class，and focuses (focus) on a range of topics that emphasize active learning，exploration and，most of all，fun! aim (教材义)v.力求达到；(补充义) v．瞄准，对准；针对，指向 n．目标，目的；瞄准 (1)achieve/realize one's aim 实现某人的目标 (2)with the aim of...以……为目标；意在…… (3)aim for/to do sth力求得到某物/做某事 (4)be aimed at doing sth目的是/旨在做某事 (5)aim...at...用……瞄准…… ①A cross­country race was held by our school，with the aim of building up students' strength. ②Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim to have (have) a low impact on the natural environment. ③[读后续写之动作描写] 猎人走出树林，瞄准那只向上飞的鸟，开了枪。 The hunter came out of the woods，aimed his gun at the bird flying upward and fired. ④[中国元素] 以文化为桥梁，我们努力向世界各国介绍中国艺术、美食、传统和历史的奇迹。 Aiming to bridge cultures，we endeavor to introduce the wonders of Chinese art，cuisine，tradition，and history across nations. 学生用书第26页 observe(教材义) v．庆祝，过(节日，生日等)；(补充义) v．注意到，观察到；说话，评论；遵守 (1)observe sb do/doing sth 观察某人做某事 (2)observe sb/sth done... 观察到某人/某物被……(被动的动作) ①The Mid­Autumn Festival is observed (observe) on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. ②When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing (observe) how nature solved problems. ③[读后续写之主旨升华] 虽然获胜的感觉很棒，但我们所有人都一致认为应遵循公平竞争的宗旨。 Although winning was a great feeling，all of us agreed to observe the spirit of fair play． ④(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations (observe) of different species with the aid of a mobile application... range (教材义) n．一系列；(补充义) n．范围 v．变化；排列 (1)a(wide/full) range of...一系列…… (2)range n．范围，界限 vi.包括；在(一定范围内)变化 in/within range 在范围内 beyond/out of one's range某人能力达不到的 at close range 近距离 (3)range from...to...从……到……之间变动 range between...and...在……和……范围内变动 ①The opera has a large audience，ranging (range) from children to grandparents. ②The exhibition features a wide range of paintings that can satisfy all kinds of visitors. ③[读后续写之主旨升华] 我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇，事情会容易得多。 And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude. ④(2023·浙江1月卷)Campers enjoy a staff­to­child ratio ranging (range) from 1：4 to 1：7 depending on the age group. settle for 勉强接受，将就 (1)settle sth解决某事 (2)settle down 安顿下来；(使)平静下来 (3)settle(down) to sth开始专心于，着手认真做 (4)settle in...在……居住 (5)settle in/into sth适应/习惯于某事(新家、工作、 环境等) ①At last，he settled down in a district where there were diverse ethnic groups. ②It is obvious that she refuses to settle for second best—she strives for perfection. ③[读后续写之细节描写] 蜂鸟慢慢落在我右肩上，轻轻吻了我一下，好像是感谢对她的救命之恩。 The hummingbird slowly settled on my right shoulder and gave me a gentle kiss as if expressing her appreciation for saving her life. ④[中国元素] 探索中国文化的深度和丰富性，不能只停留在表面理解上；它吸引我们踏上探索和欣赏的一生之旅。 Exploring the depth and richness of Chinese culture，one cannot merely settle for surface understanding；it invites us to start a lifelong journey of discovery and appreciation. 学生用书第27页 Part 2　经典句式……………………………写作迁移 句型公式：分词(短语)作状语 (1)动词­ed形式(短语)作状语，表示分词动作与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系；动词­ing形式(短语)作状语，表示分词动作与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系。 (2)分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随等情况。 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我感到内疚，央求他延期付款。 Feeling guilty，I begged him for a delayed payment. ②(2024·全国甲卷)近年来，以共享单车、高铁和新能源汽车的兴起为标志，中国的交通格局发生了显著变化。 Marked by the rise of shared bicycles，high­speed trains and new energy vehicles，recent years have witnessed remarkable changes in China's transportation landscape. ③[读后续写之神态语言描写] 我的话鼓舞了大卫，他眼里含着泪水转向我：“我要比赛。”我能听出他声音里的决心。 Encouraged by my words，David turned to me，tears in his eyes，“I'll run.”I could hear the determination in his voice. ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)为了培养学生的艺术鉴赏力和创造力，我们的美术老师带我们去了附近的公园，让我们走进了大自然的怀抱。 To foster students' artistic appreciation and creativity，our art teacher took the class to a nearby park，moving us into the embrace of nature． 完全倒装句：(地点/方式等)状语＋不及物动词或系动词＋主语 (1)out，in，into，down，up，away，here，now，there，then等表示方位或时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子要用完全倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。 (3)上述结构中主语是人称代词时，句子不倒装。 ①[读后续写之人物描写] Lying on the bed was (在床上躺着的是)at that moment my lab mate，weak and worried. ②There stood Frank (那儿站着Frank)，and Michael knew it would be just seconds before he had to face him in the middle of the hall. ③[读后续写之场景描写] 当大卫冲过终点线时，人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。 Then came the moment when David crossed the finish line to the thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。 A few weeks later，when I almost forgot the contest，there came the news． Part 3　语境辨义……………………………举一反三 Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time...n.方法 2．(2024·全国甲卷)This issue won't tell you what your ending should be—that's up to you and the story you're telling—but it might provide what you need to get there.n.(报纸杂志的)期；号 学生用书第28页 3．(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)It is intended for AI professionals.n.专家；专业人员 4．Then he slapped his hands together and said that the story was worth an extra.n.号外 5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.v. 行驶 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.n.生物，活物 7．The bank seemed to swim before my eyes.v.仿佛在旋转 Ⅱ.一词多义(选出下列单词在句中的正确释义) 1．observe A.v.过，庆祝　　　　 B．v.遵守 C．v.观察 D．v.评论 ①The scientists will study the variety of trees and observe which are fruiting. C ②Jack was careful to observe the rules，treating her with respect. B ③Do they observe Chinese New Year？ A 2．approach A.v.接近　B．v.解决　C．n.方法　D．n.通道 ①The committee is approaching the issue with caution. B ②The teacher used a new approach to teach math. C ③As the storm approaches，we should prepare for possible power cuts. A Ⅰ.语篇语境综合练(语境创新——词汇再练) 1.Obviously (obvious)，mom­daughter relationships are very important and special in your life.Here are approaches to 2.settling (settle) conflicts with your mom. It is natural to share 3.a range of things about your life with your mom，including complaining and unloading your stress on her.4.Despite the fact that she has her own worries，fears and anxieties，that doesn't mean you can't share a series of things with her.It just means showing respect 5.for her feelings. It's never too late to 6.apologize (apology).Never make the other person 7.responsible (response) for your behavior.Keep it simple and to the point.Most importantly，make sure your 8.apology (apologize) is genuine! Go 9.jogging (jog) or shopping together.These little things will not only help 10.strengthen (strength) your relationship，but show how much you love your mom. Ⅱ.真题难句拓展练(剖析长句——精准翻译) 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. [剖析]　本句是一个多成分简单句，句子主干为主谓宾结构 Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role。其后为状语。 [翻译]　栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time，but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. [剖析]　本句是but连接的并列句。前面分句为主系表结构的简单句。后边分句为复合句；后边句子主干为主谓宾结构 psychology research suggests...，宾语 学生用书第29页 由从句充当，省略了引导词that；从句的主语为非谓语动词结构waiting for things。 [翻译]　即时满足似乎是当时最能让人“感觉良好”的选择，但心理学研究表明，从长远来看，等待实际上会让我们更快乐。 3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. [剖析]　本句是but连接的并列复合句。前面的分句句子主干为存现句 there might be a pocket park，其中if引导条件状语从句；but后面的分句是主系表结构it's unusual，其后的动词不定式结构to find places...是真正的主语；that引导定语从句，修饰places。 [翻译]　如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对野生的地方是不容易的。 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练——家庭生活(庆祝母亲节) 结合本单元话题，用单元词汇、经典句型完成下面的应用文写作，并背诵。 [基础语料] 单元词汇 obviously，approach，chat，focus，respect，suit，currently，responsible; make a difference 经典句型 how引导宾语从句；it形式主语句型；not only...but also... [情境呈现] 假定你是李华，请给你的加拿大朋友Alex写一封电子邮件，谈谈人们如何对家庭成员表示尊重。尽可能使用所给单元目标词汇来表达。 [思路点拨] 人称 第二人称为主 时态 以现在时为主 内容要点线索 第一段引出主题(谈论尊重家人)→第二段给出理由→结尾表达希望或祝愿 [写作输出] Dear Alex， I hope you're doing well.I want to talk to you about (1)how important it is to respect family members(尊重家庭成员有多重要； how引导宾语从句). It's something (2)we obviously need to focus on(我们明显需要关注的；obviously，focus；定语从句).When you approach your parents to chat，always be kind and understanding.And also，(3)it's really important to be responsible and help out with chores(负责任并帮忙做家务真的很重要；responsible；it形式主语句型).(4)This can not only make others feel better but also make life easier(这不仅能让别人感觉更好，也能让生活更轻松；make复合结构).Lastly，remember to express gratitude for the love and care your family provides; a simple “thank you” can go a long way in (5)making a difference to family members(给家庭成员带来改变；make a difference).What do you think? Take care， Li Hua [变式表达] 根据句(3)结构和意义在句中填入适当的词。 It's crucial/of great importance to take responsibility and lend a hand with household tasks. Ⅱ.读后续写微点练——孩子在母亲节给妈妈做早餐 (沮丧泄气) [基础语料] 词汇 depressed 　　　　　　沮丧的 downcast 垂头丧气的 disheartened 灰心的 blue 忧郁的 low­spirited 情绪低落的 upset 难过的 down in the dumps 心情跌入谷底 feeling blue 感到忧郁 under the weather 身体不适，心情不佳 helpless 无助的 学生用书第30页 句式 when＋doing句型； 反问句； where定语从句； 形容词短语作状语 细节描写 1.She felt depressed after receiving the rejection letter. 收到拒绝信后，她感到沮丧。 2.He was downcast when he didn't get the job he interviewed for. 当他没得到面试的工作时，他变得垂头丧气。 3.The team was disheartened by their third loss in a row. 连续第三次失败让队伍感到灰心。 4.The blue mood filled the room after the sad news. 那个悲伤的消息让整个房间都弥漫着忧郁的气氛。 5.She became low­spirited as the project deadline approached. 随着项目截止日期的临近，她变得情绪低落。 [情境呈现] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写) 在母亲节到来之际，家里的双胞胎想通过自己做早餐给母亲一个惊喜→在妈妈醒来之前悄悄去厨房做饭→但是由于是第一次尝试，没有成功，而且 Jeff还烫伤了手→…… [思路点拨] 文体：记叙文 人称：第三人称 时态：过去时为主 续写思路：由续写第一段首句内容“当双胞胎失望地看着他们周围时，他们的父亲出现了。”可知，第一段可续写父亲出现后的反应和行动。 [写作输出] As the twins looked around them in disappointment，their father appeared.(1)When seeing Jeff's hand burned(当看到Jeff手被烫伤了； when＋doing句型)，he went to fetch the first­aid kit and treated it instantly.“Why did you cook by yourselves? (2)Don't you know it's dangerous(难道你们不知道这很危险吗；反问句)？” shouted the father with anger.“Today is Mother's Day.We want to prepare breakfast and give Mother a big surprise.”(3)Jeff said in a low voice，upset and helpless(Jeff低声说，沮丧又无助；形容词短语作状语).(4)Hearing this，the father smiled and whispered(听到这里，父亲笑了，小声说；hearing动词­ing形式短语作状语)，“How I am proud of home was a place (5)where members should understand each other and enjoy love(家人之间相互理解并分享爱；where引导定语从句).” [变式表达] 将句(1)中的省略结构补充完整。 When he saw Jeff's hand burned，he went to fetch the first­aid kit and treated it instantly. 单元测评3　Unit 3　Family matters (时间：30分钟　　满分：35分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·浙江五校3月联考) It is October again.It has been a year since my mother was diagnosed with lung cancer; a year since she started her good, brave fight.It has been a year marked with so many milestones, so many shared smiles and secret fears. Usually, children, with eyes that see all and minds that are still free to wonder, are extraordinarily accepting the changes in routine, the shift in seasons.This week, however, when I took my two younger boys with me for a visit to Mom's without telling her in advance, Sean ran into her bedroom to greet her, then quickly returned to the living room to talk to me.“Mom，” my four­year­old whispered, careful not to be overheard or offending, “Grandma has no hair.” Mom came through her surgery that removed the tumor(肿瘤) in her lung with faith and grace.She also came through thin and tired.And the side effect was total hair loss.It should grow back eventually, but my mother decided to have a wig(假发) to cover her head.She wears it mostly for the comfort of others.When she is alone, she usually leaves her head uncovered, finding the wig uncomfortable when unnecessary. “Grandma has no hair，” Sean said, because we had caught her by surprise. “I know, Sean.Isn't it funny？” I asked him as my mom joined us in the living room.We explained to him that Grandma had to take medicine that made her hair go away, but it would come back. “Would you like to touch my head, Sean？” my mother asked as my son stared at her, his blue eyes filled with questions and curiosity.It is surprising to see your mother—or anyone you love—without hair, but surprisingly it's something that you can get used to quickly.We are, after all, not really these bodies—these are just the shells that transport who we are, and no matter what the physical changes, those connected by love seem to be able to recognize their own. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带儿子去看望自己因化疗而脱发的母亲。虽然儿子对外祖母的变化感到惊讶，但外祖母对此大方应对——此事展现了亲人之间的深厚情感。 1．What has happened to Grandma over the year? A．She has refused others' visits. B．She has pulled through the cancer. C．She has lost her fight with the tumor. D．She has recovered without side effects. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “It has been a year since my mother was diagnosed with lung cancer; a year since she started her good, brave fight.” 以及第三段中的 “Mom came through her surgery that removed the tumor(肿瘤)in her lung with faith and grace.” 可知，作者的母亲在过去的一年里战胜了癌症。故选B。 2．Why was Sean surprised when visiting Grandma? A．Because he found Grandma tired and thin. B．Because he just overheard Grandma's cancer. C．Because he couldn't accept Grandma's appearance. D．Because he had never seen Grandma hairless before. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “‘Mom，’my four­year­old whispered, careful not to be overheard or offending，‘Grandma has no hair.’” 可知，作者的儿子Sean在看到外祖母没有头发的时候感到很惊讶，并悄悄地把他所看到的告诉了作者。且根据最后一段中的 “...my son stared at her, his blue eyes filled with questions and curiosity.” 可知，此时的Sean满是疑问和好奇，这说明此前他没有看过外祖母没有头发的样子。所以Sean感到惊讶是因为他之前没有见过外祖母没有头发的样子。故选D。 3．Which of the following can best describe Grandma? A．Loving and optimistic. B．Loyal and honest. C．Humble and committed. D．Generous and humorous. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “She wears it mostly for the comfort of others.” 可知，外祖母戴假发是为了安慰他人——由此可推知，外祖母非常有爱心；再根据第三段中的 “Mom came through her surgery that removed the tumor(肿瘤) in her lung with faith and grace.” 和最后一段中的 “‘Would you like to touch my head, Sean？’my mother asked as my son stared at her” 可知，外祖母乐观面对疾病，并且大方回应外孙——由此可推知，她对生活的态度是积极向上、乐观的。故选A。 4．What message does the author convey in the text? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Never judge a book by its cover. C．Love goes beyond physical changes. D．What doesn't kill us makes us stronger. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的 “We are, after all, not really these bodies—these are just the shells that transport who we are, and no matter what the physical changes, those connected by love seem to be able to recognize their own.” 可知，尽管作者母亲的外表因疾病而改变，但家人之间那扎根于爱的联系仍然没有动摇。作者认为，无论身体发生怎样的变化，那些被爱联系在一起的人都能互相认识并接受。因此，作者想要传达的信息是，爱比外表更深刻、更持久，它超越了任何可能发生的身体变化。故选C。 B (2025·郑州质检) My son just turned 14 and does not have a smartphone.When he graduated from Grade 8, he was the only kid in his class without one.He asks for a phone now that he's going to high school.I say no, he asks why, I explain, and he pushes back． “You can choose to do things differently when you're a parent，” I told him.But sometimes, I wonder if I'm being too stubborn or unfair. The more I research, the more confident I feel in my decision.Many studies link the current mental health crisis among adolescents to fundamental changes in how they socialize, namely, the shift from in­person to online interaction. But other mothers challenge my view.“He must feel so left out！” Then there are the parents who tell me sadly that they wish they had delayed their teenager's phone ownership longer than they did.They urge me to hold out. If teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 are truly spending an average of 8 hours 39 minutes per day on their devices, as stated in a survey conducted by Common Sense Media, then what are they not doing? Kids absorbed in their devices are missing out on real life, and that strikes me as really sad. I want my son to have a childhood he feels satisfied with and proud of.I want it to be full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges which he must sort out himself without asking me for help.The easiest and simplest way to achieve these goals is to delay giving him a smartphone. Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not.He does well in school and extra­curricular activities, hangs out with his friends in person, and moves independently around our small town.He promises he'll give his own 14­year­old a phone someday, and I tell him that's fine.But recently, he admitted that he missed the beautiful scenery on a drive to a nearby mountain because he had been so absorbed in his friend's iPad.If that is his version of admitting I'm right, I'll take it. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者拒绝了14岁的儿子要手机的要求。尽管不同的家长有不同的意见，但作者从儿子的表现中感受到自己的决定是对的。 5．What does the underlined phrase “pushes back” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Agrees. B．Delays. C．Opposes. D．Persuades. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。画线短语前面提到了作者的儿子想要一部手机，但作者拒绝了，作者的儿子问为什么不可以有一部手机。再结合下文中的 “You can choose to do things differently when you're a parent” 可知，作者的拒绝引起了儿子的不满和反对，由此可知，pushes back意为“反对，抵制(计划、想法或变革)”。故画线短语的意思与C 项最为接近。故选C。 6．What is the author primarily concerned about regarding giving her son a phone? A．Her son's online safety. B．Her son's mental growth. C．Her son's reduced physical activities. D．Her son's poor academic performance. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容，尤其是 “Many studies link the current mental health crisis among adolescents to fundamental changes in how they socialize” 可知，作者研究得越多，对自己的决定就越有信心。许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与他们社交方式的根本变化联系起来，即从面对面交流转向在线交流。由此可推知，作者主要担心给儿子手机会影响他的心理成长，故选B。 7．What quality does the author want her son to develop in his childhood? A．Team spirit. B．Leadership. C．Independence. D．Critical thinking. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 “I want it to be full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges which he must sort out himself without asking me for help.”可知，作者想要自己的儿子能够不求助作者自己解决问题。由此可知，作者想要儿子培养独立精神，故选C。 8．What can be learned about the author's son? A．He is falling behind academically. B．He is easily influenced by his friends. C．He has given up his desire for a smartphone. D．He has realized the problem of much screen time. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “he admitted that he missed the beautiful scenery...he had been so absorbed in his friend's iPad” 可知，作者的儿子承认他因为过于专注于朋友的iPad 而错过了沿途美丽的风景。由此可推知，他意识到了屏幕时间过长的问题，故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(本题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·湖南长郡中学高三测试) My son, daughter, and I all needed new glasses this year, so after searching for an optometrist (验光师) with an opening we made an appointment.The exams went well and we all 1 our new glasses. When the new glasses 2 we all tried them on and enjoyed seeing 3 again.Like I always do, I put the 4 ones in an old shoe box in my closet.Only this time the box was 5 to overflowing with years of used glasses in it.I felt bad about all of them just 6 there.My daughter, however, soon found a company called ReSpectacle that 7 used glasses and then gives them to those who need but can't 8 new ones. As we packed all the pairs to 9 ， my mind went back to a time when I was the one 10 ．I can still remember gluing my broken, plastic glasses for the twelfth time because we were 11 financially and there was no way I could afford new ones.I 12 the tears in my eyes and the tears in my heart from the 13 of never having enough.I didn't know why we had to struggle so much.I think now I finally do know what that 14 is.The truth is that we all 15 pain, struggles, and suffering in this life.We can use them to grow selfish or we can use them to grow loving and kind.May you always choose kindness. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家将不用的眼镜捐献出去的故事。 1．A.ordered B．made C．arranged D．demanded 答案：A 解析：根据空前的 “...searching for an optometrist (验光师) with an opening we made an appointment.” 和 “The exams went well” 可知，在找到验光师、预约、检测完成后，作者一家都订购了新眼镜。故选A。 2．A.left B．disappeared C．broke D．arrived 答案：D 解析：根据空后的“we all tried them on” 可知，作者一家试戴了眼镜，也就是说他们订购的新眼镜送到了。故选D。 3．A.simply B．slowly C．clearly D．finally 答案：C 解析：根据常识可知，戴上新眼镜后看东西应是清楚了。故选C。 4．A.new B．used C．big D．small 答案：B 解析：根据下文的“used glasses” 可知， 拿到新眼镜后，作者把用过的眼镜放进壁橱的一个旧鞋盒里面。故选B。 5．A.empty B．beautiful C．full D．missing 答案：C 解析：根据空后的“to overflowing with years of used glasses in it” 可知，作者要把用过的眼镜装进一个鞋盒子里，却发现那个盒子里装满了多年用过的眼镜。故选C。 6．A.sitting B．walking C．standing D．performing 答案：A 解析：结合语境和四个选项可知，用过的眼镜只是被放在盒子里，什么作用也没起，对此作者感到难过。此处sit描述东西，意为 “被放在；坐落于” 。故选A。 7．A.presents B．repairs C．changes D．accepts 答案：D 解析：根据空后的“and then gives them to those who need” 可知，这家公司接收人们用过的眼镜， 然后把这些眼镜送给有需要的人。故选D。 8．A.afford B．notice C．demand D．choose 答案：A 解析：根据空前的“who need but can't” 以及空后的“new ones” 可知，这些人需要眼镜但是买不起新眼镜。故选A。 9．A.pick up B．try on C．cut down D．mail out 答案：D 解析：根据上句以及空前的“we packed all the pairs” 可知，作者一家把用过的眼镜打包，要把它们寄给ReSpectacle。故选D。 10．A.as usual B．as well C．in need D．in reply 答案：C 解析：根据空后的 “I can still remember gluing my broken, plastic glasses for the twelfth time...” 可知， 作者在回忆自己贫穷的时候。故选C。 11．A.communicating B．struggling C．enjoying D．completing 答案：B 解析：根据下文的financially 以及“there was no way I could afford new ones” 可知，作者之前经济困难。故选B。 12．A.keep B．consider C．dry D．remember 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，空后的“the tears in my eyes and the tears in my heart” 是作者对过去的记忆。故选D。 13．A.feeling B．kindness C．pain D．need 答案：C 解析：根据空后的“of never having enough” 可知，作者经历了财力匮乏的痛苦。故选C。 14．A.answer B．idea C．expression D．reaction 答案：A 解析：根据上文的 “I didn't know why we had to...” 可知，作者当时没有得到答案。根据空前的“I finally do know” 可知，作者现在有答案了。故选A。 15．A.play with B．go through C．take off D．make fun of 答案：B 解析：根据空后的 “pain, struggles, and suffering in this life” 可知，此处表示 “一生中我们都要经历痛苦、挣扎与苦难”。故选B。 学生用书第31页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $