考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练）高一英语上学期人教版

专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活（重点） 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科技与生活 话题3 友谊 话题6 环境保护 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建漳州·期末）“You’re fired! ” Andrew Chilton wasn’t joking. At that moment, he wanted his personal caregiver, Christy Chachere, out of his life forever. He didn’t want her to tell him he could write his own term papers. Christy didn’t give way. Andrew’s outcry was like music to her ears. “Progress!” she continued to encourage him. When Andrew was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) at age eight, his mother, Cindy, was told to “get him on the list” for a caregiver to provide after-school care. However, in their city, the need for a caregiver was far higher than the supply. It was eight years before they were matched with Christy. In the beginning, Andrew’s family did their best to shelter him from life’s difficulties. “I worry about him,” Cindy said. Would he ever have a job and live independently? Cindy would do anything for her son. “You have to let him fail,” Christy told the family. “It’s the only way he’s going to learn — to be able to do things on his own.” No longer would Cindy write Andrew’s papers for him. Christy wouldn’t be helping him with homework, either. It was a little scary to step back. But everyone was on board, except Andrew. He complained (抱怨) loudly at times. But then things began to change. Christy wouldn’t do his papers for him. But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to deal with failures and difficulties, and how to break work down into small pieces so as not to feel too stressed. One step at a time, Andrew gained independence. He graduated from high school and entered community college. And he stopped trying to fire Christy. She’s been with him for six years now. This past summer, Andrew was a counselor (顾问) at a camp for kids with autism. Now, he’s studying to pass the driving test. Andrew says life has never been better. 1．Why did it take so long for Andrew’s family to match Christy? A．Andrew didn’t want to accept help. B．Andrew wasn’t on the list for a caregiver. C．His family tried to shelter him themselves. D．Caregivers were in great demand in their city. 2．How did Christy get Andrew improved? A．By finishing tasks for him. B．By planning his schedules. C．By providing instructions. D．By giving all-day care. 3．Which of the following best describes Christy according to the text? A．Considerate but overprotective. B．Confident but self-centered. C．Strict and adventurous. D．Wise and supportive. 4．Which would be the best title for the text? A．Caring for autistic children in the community. B．Gaining independence with a guiding hand. C．Family’s support in the growth path. D．Challenges of living with autism. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Andrew患有阿斯伯格综合征，八岁时妈妈给他找了护理员来照顾他，之后护理员Christy通过教Andrew如何独立，使Andrew的生活得到了改变。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, in their city, the need for a caregiver was far higher than the supply. It was eight years before they were matched with Christy.(然而，在他们的城市，对护理人员的需求远远高于供应。八年后，他们才与Christy匹配护士)”可知，Andrew一家很久才匹配到Christy，是因为在他们的城市对护理人员的需求远远高于供应，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to deal with failures and difficulties, and how to break work down into small pieces so as not to feel too stressed.(但她教他如何组织起来。她还教他如何处理失败和困难，以及如何把工作分解成小块，以免感到压力太大)”可知，Christy通过提供指导来帮助Andrew进步，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘You have to let him fail,’ Christy told the family. ‘It’s the only way he’s going to learn — to be able to do things on his own.’(‘你必须让他失败，’Christy告诉这家人。‘这是他学习的唯一途径——能够自己做事情。’)”和倒数第二段中“But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to deal with failures and difficulties, and how to break work down into small pieces so as not to feel too stressed.(但她教他如何组织起来。她还教他如何处理失败和困难，以及如何把工作分解成小块，以免感到压力太大)”可知，Christy让Andrew经历失败，并指导他获得独立，展现出他的智慧；根据第二段中“But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to deal with failures and difficulties, and how to break work down into small pieces so as not to feel too stressed.(但她教他如何组织起来。她还教他如何处理失败和困难，以及如何把工作分解成小块，以免感到压力太大)”可知，Christy能够给予帮助和支持。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“One step at a time, Andrew gained independence. He graduated from high school and entered community college.(一步步地，Andrew获得了独立。他高中毕业后进入了社区大学)”可知，文章主要讲述Andrew患有阿斯伯格综合征，八岁时妈妈给他找了护理员来照顾他，之后护理员Christy通过教Andrew如何独立，使Andrew的生活得到了改变。最终Andrew获得了成功。他高中毕业后进入社区大学。B项“在一个人的指导下获得独立”为最佳标题，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广西柳州·期末）I like all my teachers, but I think my English teacher, Grace, is my favorite teacher. Grace is from England. But she loves Chengdu very much. She thinks Chengdu is great. She loves Sichuan food. Do you know what she likes for breakfast? Bread or milk? No, she doesn’t. She only has some salad. Hot pot (火锅) is her favorite and she always eats it on Saturday and Sunday. Grace has a daughter and a son. Her daughter’s name is Mary. Her son’s name is Jack. They are 8 years old. They are in the same school. They like hot pot, too. They are all in Chengdu now. We have English classes from Monday to Friday. So Grace is very busy. But she is always nice and happy. All my classmates like her and her classes very much. She often plays English games and sings English songs with us. When we have questions, we like to ask hat for help. Now I think I can do well in English because I have the best (最好的) English teacher, Grace. 1．What does Grace only have for breakfast? A．Salad. B．Hot pot. C．Bread. D．Milk. 2．Who likes hot pot very much? A．Jack. B．Mary. C．Grace. D．Mary, Jack and Grace. 3．From the passage (文章), what can we know? A．I like Grace, but she isn’t my favorite teacher. B．Grace’s daughter and son don’t go to the same school. C．We have English classes from Monday to Friday. D．We can’t ask Grace for help because she is very busy. 4．What’s the best title (最好标题) ? A．Grace’s Family. B．My Favorite Teacher. C．Grace, an English Star. D．Grace and I. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者最喜欢的老师——Grace。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know what she likes for breakfast? Bread or milk? No, she doesn’t. She only has some salad.(你知道她早餐喜欢吃什么吗？面包还是牛奶？不，她不吃。她只吃一些沙拉)”可知，Grace早餐只吃一些沙拉。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“Hot pot (火锅) is her favorite and she always eats it on Saturday and Sunday. Grace has a daughter and a son. Her daughter’s name is Mary. Her son’s name is Jack. They are 8 years old. They are in the same school. They like hot pot, too.(火锅是她的最爱，她总是在周六和周日吃。格蕾丝有一个女儿和一个儿子。她女儿的名字叫玛丽。她儿子的名字叫杰克。他们8岁了。他们在同一所学校。他们也喜欢火锅)”可知，Mary，Jack和Grace喜欢火锅。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“We have English classes from Monday to Friday.(我们从星期一到星期五上英语课)”可知，作者从周一到周五都有英语课。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“I like all my teachers, but I think my English teacher, Grace, is my favorite teacher.(我喜欢我所有的老师，但我认为我的英语老师格蕾丝是我最喜欢的老师)”结合这篇短文主要讲述了作者最喜欢的英语老师。B选项“我最喜欢的老师”最符合文章标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海松江·期末）Some classrooms in Taft Elementary in California have a common weakness: They don’t have windows. That’s true for Earnest’s fifth grade classroom. “Most of the day, my students are inside and don’t really see any green trees or grass,” Earnest told CBS News. He worries that the dull classroom environment has harmful effects on his students. Rodriguez, a former school psychologist (a professional in school to support students’ learning and teachers’ teaching) and now a photographer, is focusing on landscape photography. He knows clearly the effect which nature has on mental health and told CBS News that the lack of sight of trees or grasses is a problem and being in and around nature does students much good, including helping to improve their test scores and control over moods. Rodriguez had managed to design hospital walls where he could print landscapes to brighten dull rooms. He also attempted to bring nature into classrooms, but his former working experience warned him against touching walls in classrooms, which belong to the teachers. Soon, Rodriguez had an aha moment — to bring landscapes into classrooms through the ceilings! He used his photography skills to take 360-degree shots of tree canopies (树冠) and fitted them onto classroom ceilings. So when the students looked up, they felt like sitting under a tree. He even created a project called “Nature in the Classroom” and has given his photos of tree canopies to schools in 10 different areas for free. CBS News was there when Rodriguez uncovered the canopy to Earnest’s fifth grade students. “Beautiful,” one student said as she entered the room. Another expressed that seeing the green tree leaves brought him peace. Earnest believed that the new addition would increase students’ willingness to come into the classroom, among other great things. “This is a marriage of both my jobs as a school psychologist and a photographer,” Rodriguez said. 1．What makes Earnest worry about his students? A．That they can’t see nature in the classroom. B．That their school is very dully decorated. C．That they don’t have interest in his classes. D．That their love for nature is disappearing. 2．The aha moment in paragraph 3 refers to a moment when Rodriguez ________. A．found the importance of landscapes B．noticed the differences among ceilings C．got a new idea to improve classrooms D．learned ways to take up teachers’ corner 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．teachers often have great ideas to deal with classroom walls B．both Rodriguez’s jobs play a significant role in his marriage C．photographers do more good to schools than psychologists do D．Earnest appreciated Rodriguez’s change of classroom ceilings 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Mistaking Nature for Furniture B．From Walls to Ceilings C．Bringing Green into Classrooms D．From Psychologist to Photographer 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。因为加利福尼亚州塔夫脱小学的一些教室没有窗户，欧内斯特担心这种沉闷的教室环境对学生有害。摄影师罗德里格斯利用自己的摄影技能，将树的树冠的360度照片安装在教室天花板上，让学生们抬头时仿佛坐在树下，欧内斯特认为这一改变会增加学生进教室的意愿等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Most of the day, my students are inside and don't really see any green trees or grass,” Earnest told CBS News. He worries that the dull classroom environment has harmful effects on his students.(欧内斯特告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻频道：“一天中的大部分时间，我的学生都在室内，看不到绿树或草地。”他担心沉闷的教室环境会对学生产生有害影响)”可知，欧内斯特担心他的学生是因为他们在教室里看不到自然景色。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Soon, Rodriguez had an …— to bring landscapes into classrooms through the ceilings!(很快，罗德里格斯有了一个……——通过天花板把风景带入教室)”可知罗德里格斯想到了通过天花板把风景带入教室，可推理出这里的“aha moment”指的是罗德里格斯得到了一个改善教室的新想法。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Earnest believed that the new addition would increase students’ willingness to come into the classroom, among other great things(欧内斯特认为，除了其他好处之外，新的添加物（天花板上的风景照片）将提高学生进入教室的意愿)”可知，欧内斯特认为新的添加物将提高学生进入教室的意愿，可以推断出，欧内斯特很欣赏罗德里格斯对教室天花板的改变。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some classrooms in Taft Elementary in California have a common weakness: They don’t have windows. That’s true for Earnest’s fifth grade classroom. “Most of the day, my students are inside and don’t really see any green trees or grass,” Earnest told CBS News. He worries that the dull classroom environment has harmful effects on his students(加利福尼亚州塔夫小学的一些教室存在一个共同的弱点：它们没有窗户。欧内斯特的五年级教室就是如此。“一天中的大部分时间，我的学生都在室内，他们真的看不到任何绿树或草地”，欧内斯特告诉CBS新闻。他担心沉闷的教室环境会对他的学生产生有害影响)”以及最后一段“CBS News was there when Rodriguez uncovered the canopy to Earnest’s fifth grade students. “Beautiful,” one student said as she entered the room. Another expressed that seeing the green tree leaves brought him peace. Earnest believed that the new addition would increase students’ willingness to come into the classroom, among other great things. “This is a marriage of both my jobs as a school psychologist and a photographer,” Rodriguez said(当罗德里格斯向欧内斯特的五年级学生展示树冠时，CBS新闻就在现场。“真美啊，”一名学生走进教室时说道。另一名学生表示，看到绿色的树叶让他感到很平静。欧内斯特认为，这个新添加的设计会增强学生们进入教室的意愿，还有其他很多好处。“这是我作为学校心理学家和摄影师两份工作的完美结合，”罗德里格斯说)”可知，文章主要讲述了罗德里格斯通过将树的树冠照片安装在教室天花板上，把自然带进教室的事情。C项“Bringing Green into Classrooms(把绿色带进教室)”能够概括文章主旨，适合用作本文标题。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期末）When 12-year-old Nina Mones was in sixth grade, she struggled to keep up with her math class. And as the teacher pushed ahead with new lessons, she fell further and further behind. Then in the fall of 2019, her school, the Phoenix International Academy, brought in Teach to One 360. “I’m in seventh grade now,” Nina proudly said. “It gave me more confidence in myself.” “This is a model for personalized learning,” said Sheldon H. Jacobson, professor of computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Teach to One 360, and similar systems, often use data analytics (分析) to follow students’ progress, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and adjust teaching methods accordingly. This not only helps students achieve their learning goals more effectively but also encourages a more interactive learning environment. Until 2020, 27 schools across 11 states have adopted Teach to One. Still, getting schools to sign on to the program has been a challenge. Some teachers are unwilling to try new teaching methods, while others worry that these new forms of technology could perhaps lead to the elimination of their jobs. Schools are often under pressure to follow a traditional curriculum (课程) with textbooks and teacher-led classes to ensure that they cover the content needed for standardized tests. Many worry that turning away from traditional practices could affect test results, which would then affect school rankings and the funding these schools receive. There is also the cost of purchasing the program, buying computers for students, adding math teachers, and reconstructing classrooms to meet the requirements of different teaching methods. The total costs involved with such programs can vary dramatically, with most school systems having to depend on grants (拨款) in order to cover them. “You can have the best program in the world, but if you don’t have good operation of it, it’s all for nothing,” said Alfred Cordova, the principal at Taos Middle School. 1．The example of Nina Mones is mentioned in the first paragraph to ________. A．promote an app B．introduce the topic C．express an opinion D．show a difficult situation 2．What is the second paragraph mainly about?? A．How the program works. B．Why the program appeals to students. C．Why the program could change the role of school. D．How the program will help reduce students’ burdens. 3．What are some of the challenges schools face when adopting Teach to One 360? A．Teachers are eager to try new teaching methods. B．Schools have plenty of funding to support the program. C．Traditional textbooks and teacher-led classes are no longer required. D．Some teachers are unwilling to change and worry about job security. 4．What is Alfred Cordova’s attitude towards the future of personalized learning? A．Hopeful. B．Uncertain. C．Negative. D．Concerned. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是个性化学习系统Teach to One 360如何通过数据分析帮助学生提升成绩和自信心，例如12岁的Nina在使用该系统后从六年级的数学困难生转变为七年级时更加自信的学生。 1．推理判断题。根据首段“When 12-year-old Nina Mones was in sixth grade, she struggled to keep up with her math class. And as the teacher pushed ahead with new lessons, she fell further and further behind. Then in the fall of 2019, her school, the Phoenix International Academy, brought in Teach to One 360. “I’m in seventh grade now,” Nina proudly said. “It gave me more confidence in myself.”(当12岁的Nina Mones在六年级时，她在数学课上跟不上进度。随着老师继续教授新课程，她落得越来越远。然后在2019年秋天，她所在的凤凰国际学院引入了Teach to One 360。“我现在是七年级学生了，”Nina自豪地说，“它让我对自己有了更多的信心。”)”可知，12岁的Nina Mones通过使用Teach to One 360学习系统变得更加的自信。由此推知，通过Nina的经历引出了Teach to One 360个性化学习系统这一主题，展示了该系统如何帮助学生提升自信。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的““This is a model for personalized learning,” said Sheldon H. Jacobson, professor of computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.(“这是一种个性化学习的模式，”伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校计算机科学教授谢尔登·H·雅各布森说)”可知，Teach to One 360是一个个性化学习的模式，结合下文“Teach to One 360, and similar systems, often use data analytics (分析) to follow students’ progress, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and adjust teaching methods accordingly.(Teach to One 360和类似的系统经常使用数据分析来跟踪学生的进步，找出他们的优势和劣势，并相应地调整教学方法)”可知，此处介绍了该系统如何使用数据分析跟踪学生的进度、发现他们的优势和劣势，并调整教学方法。由此可知，第二段主要介绍了这个学习系统的工作原理。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Still, getting schools to sign on to the program has been a challenge. Some teachers are unwilling to try new teaching methods, while others worry that these new forms of technology could perhaps lead to the elimination of their jobs.(不过，让学校加入这个项目一直是一个挑战。一些教师不愿意尝试新的教学方法，而另一些教师则担心这些新形式的技术可能会导致他们的工作被淘汰)”可知，一些教师不愿意尝试新的教学方法，并担心新技术可能导致他们失业。由此可知，学校采用Teach to One 360时面临的挑战是一些老师不愿意改变，担心工作保障。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据尾段中的““You can have the best program in the world, but if you don’t have good operation of it, it’s all for nothing,” said Alfred Cordova, the principal at Taos Middle School.(陶斯中学校长阿尔弗雷德·科尔多瓦（Alfred Cordova）说：“你可以拥有世界上最好的课程，但如果你没有很好的运作，一切都是徒劳。”)”可知，Alfred Cordova认为成功的个性化学习不仅依赖于先进的技术，还依赖于能否有效运行这些技术。由此推知，Alfred Cordova对个性化学习的未来持不确定的态度。故选B项。 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·四川宜宾·期末）It was a regular Monday when I received an email from my son's school about a coming science fair. At first, I thought, “Great! I can't wait to see the project of my son, Tim, ” The thought of colorful displays and creative ideas excited me. However, as I read further, my excitement quickly turned to anxiety. Not only were students required to present their projects, but parents were expected to participate as well! This unexpected change left me feeling upset. “Oh, no. I'm not good at science and I haven't done a project since I was in school. How can I help him? ” I was also worried about how my lack of experience might affect my son and his chance to shine. That evening, my son came home full of excitement, “Dad, this is going to be wonderful. We should make a volcano that erupts! ” And so, we began our project with some online research and a trip to the store for supplies. I realized that our project might be displayed for everyone to see and any mistake could be embarrassing. Our first attempt at building the volcano was a disaster. Fast forward to the weekend, and it was time for a practice run at school. I expected the other parents to be as confused as I was. I was wrong! They were so prepared that they could be scientists themselves. The pressure was on. Over the next few days, we worked hard and our project improved. My son was excited, and I started to enjoy the process, too. The day of the science fair arrived, and my nervousness faded (消退). It turns out that concentrating on having fun with my son was the best way to overcome my worries. Plus, seeing his smile made everything worth it. Reflecting on the experience, I realized it had brought us closer. It was the first time my son and I had created something together. I now look forward to more projects in the future. 1．How did the author feel shortly after receiving the email? A．Upset. B．Excited. C．Anxious. D．Embarrassed. 2．What could be inferred about Tim? A．He took an active part in the project. B．Obviously, he lacked self-confidence. C．He relied heavily on his father for ideas. D．He found the project too hard to complete. 3．What helped get rid of the author's worries? A．Good preparations for the science fair. B．Focus on working with his son together. C．His awareness that effort mattered more. D．Completing the project without mistakes. 4．What did the author realize after the science fair? A．Three heads are better than one. B．Those who are determined will succeed. C．The spirit of science is to keep trying. D．The experience strengthened father-son tie. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者通过描述与儿子一同参加科学展的经历，展现了亲子合作带来的成就感和亲情的升华。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, as I read further, my excitement quickly turned to anxiety. Not only were students required to present their projects, but parents were expected to participate as well! This unexpected change left me feeling upset.(然而，当我继续阅读时，我的兴奋很快变成了焦虑。不仅要求学生展示他们的项目，还期望父母也参与其中！这种意外的变化让我感到不安)”可知，作者在刚刚收到邮件后感到不安。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “That evenıng, my son came home full of excitement, “Dad, this is going to be wonderful. We should make a volcano that erupts! ” And so, we began our project with some online research and a trip to the store for supplies(那天晚上，我的儿子满怀兴奋地回家，说：“爸爸，这会很棒的。我们应该做一座会喷发的火山！”所以，我们开始了我们的项目，在网上做了一些调查，并去商店买了一些用品) ”可知，Tim对这个项目很积极。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It turns out that concentrating on having fun with my son was the best way to overcome my worries. Plus, seeing his smile made everything worth it.(事实证明，与儿子一起专注于娱乐是克服我忧虑的最好方法。此外，看到他的笑容让我觉得一切都是值得的)”可推知，专注于与儿子的合作帮助作者消除了担忧。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Reflecting on the experience, I realized it had brought us closer. It was the first time my son and I had created something together. I now look forward to more projects in the future.(反思这次经历，我意识到它让我们更亲近了。这是我和儿子第一次一起创造东西。我现在期待将来有更多的项目)”可知，作者认识到这次经历加强了父子之间的关系。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东东莞·期末）Hearing from an old friend you’ve lost touch with can be a nice surprise. But when it comes to who will send the message first to get reconnected, most people just can’t make up their mind. According to a new study, everyone expects to rebuild old friendships, but surprisingly we are often afraid to take the first step. The study has also provided helpful suggestions on picking up old friendships. The researchers conducted a survey of almost 530 people. As the findings showed, over 90 percent of them said that they could think of a long-lost friend and would like to speak with him again. However, when they were asked to send a message, only about one out of ten actually did. “We all know that trying to change people’s minds might not be the best practice,” says Nora Marshal, lead researcher of the study. “Instead of changing people’s minds, we needed to change their behavior.” The research team came up with a new strategy, which was tested out by conducting a “warm-up” practice. One group spent three minutes sending messages to their present friends, while the other group spent three minutes watching videos on their phones. Then, everyone was asked to write and send a message to an old friend. The practice task proved successful: 62 percent of those who had warmed up did send the message — a two-thirds increase over those who hadn’t. By contrast, only 11 percent of those watching videos reached out to an old friend. So why is getting old friends reconnected difficult and we need to practise some warm-ups first? Over time, old friends can start to feel like strangers. That is why people feel worried about reconnecting. “We advise people not to overthink the situation and just press’ send’,” said Nora. “Just take their friend’s position and think about how much they would appreciate receiving a note from an old friend.” 1．What does the new study show? A．People are afraid to lose their old friends. B．People seldom hear from their old friends. C．People are unwilling to pick up their old friendship. D．People usually don’t dare to contact old friends first. 2．How did the researchers get the findings? A．By carrying out a survey. B．By discussing with 530 people. C．By teaming up with other groups. D．By comparing people’s minds and behavior. 3．What is the key step of the new strategy? A．Changing people’s minds. B．Reading some warm-up messages. C．Watching videos related to friendship. D．Contacting present friends to warm up. 4．What is Nora Marshal’s suggestion for us? A．Appreciate your friend’s efforts. B．Be brave to reach out to strangers. C．Feel free to reconnect our old friends. D．Consider carefully before taking action. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们害怕联系老朋友的这种现象以及采取的措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to a new study, everyone expects to rebuild old friendships, but surprisingly we are often afraid to take the first step. (根据一项新的研究，每个人都希望重建旧友谊，但令人惊讶的是，我们往往害怕迈出第一步)”可知，人们通常不敢先联系老朋友。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers conducted a survey of almost 530 people. (研究人员对近530人进行了调查)”可知，研究人员是通过进行调查得到这些发现的。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“The research team came up with a new strategy, which was tested out by conducting a “warm-up” practice. One group spent three minutes sending messages to their present friends, while the other group spent three minutes watching videos on their phones.  (研究小组提出了一种新的策略，并通过进行“热身”练习进行了测试。一组花三分钟给他们现在的朋友发信息，而另一组花三分钟在手机上看视频。然后，每个人都被要求写信给一位老朋友。)”及第六段“The practice task proved successful: 62 percent of those who had warmed up did send the message — a two-thirds increase over those who hadn’t. (练习任务被证明是成功的：62%做了热身的人确实发送了信息——比没有做热身的人多了三分之二)”可知，新策略的关键步骤是联系现在的朋友作为热身练习。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““We advise people not to overthink the situation and just press’ send’,” said Nora. “Just take their friend’s position and think about how much they would appreciate receiving a note from an old friend.” (诺拉说：“我们建议人们不要想太多，直接按下‘发送’键就可以了。”“只要站在他们朋友的立场上，想想他们收到老朋友的便条会有多感激。)”可知，诺拉·马歇尔给我们的建议是随时可以重新联系我们的老朋友。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·湖南怀化·期末）A father in Southwest China’s Chongqing spent eight years building a real miniature steam train for his autistic (自闭症的) son. After primary school, the son named Hanghang was forced to drop out because he couldn’t catch up in classes and also had difficulty communicating with other children. As his parents have day jobs, Hanghang spent most of his time staring at the TV screen with his grandmother. He developed a fascination for miniature trains in animated programs. Seeing this, Li Jiawei, an electrician, had an idea: to build a real miniature train for his son. So whenever he was free, Li would closely observe the steam trains and asked professionals at railway stations about the machinery. Later, someone gave him a book called Steam Locomotives. He spent three months learning how to draw blueprints using software. Because the process was complex and the demand low, factories were unwilling to produce parts for the train. Li had no choice but to make the parts himself. At times he thought about giving up, but he chose to continue. Over eight years, Li spent more than 200,000 yuan testing the machine more than a thousand times. Finally in 2021 he built the first miniature train for his son. As he continued work to improve the train, Li noticed Hanghang also changed. “My son improved little by little. He was no longer afraid of strangers and becoming more cheerful and lively,” Li recalled. The 15-year-old often confidently introduces his beloved miniature trains to others. Thanks to his inspiring story, Hanghang got a job at a tourism site near his father’s hometown driving his miniature train. Train tickets have become Hanghang’s “income”, but it is free for children with disabilities. “I hope society can be more tolerant and caring toward children with autism. I hope while my son lives a happy life, he can also bring happiness to others,” Li said. 1．What can we know about Hanghang from the first two paragraphs? A．His love for miniature trains mainly came from the book he read. B．His parents were so busy with work that he had to stay at home alone. C．He didn’t fall behind others at school though he suffered from autism. D．His father loved him and decided to build a real miniature train for him. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The great efforts Li Jiawei made to build the train. B．The support and help others offered to Li Jiawei. C．The reason why factories refused to produce parts. D．The positive changes that took place in Hanghang. 3．Which words can best describe Li Jiawei? A．Curious and creative. B．Loving and strong-willed. C．Smart and humorous. D．Sociable and energetic. 4．What does Li Jiawei’s story convey? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Care and hard work bring opportunities. C．A father’s love for his children is powerful. D．A small kindness makes a difference to others. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位父亲花了8年时间为他患有自闭症的儿子建造了一辆真正的微型蒸汽火车，并给儿子的生活带来了积极变化的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“A father in Southwest China’s Chongqing spent eight years building a real miniature steam train for his autistic (自闭症的) son.(中国西南部重庆的一位父亲花了8年时间为他患有自闭症的儿子建造了一辆真正的微型蒸汽火车。)”和第二段的句子“He developed a fascination for miniature trains in animated programs. Seeing this, Li Jiawei, an electrician, had an idea: to build a real miniature train for his son.(他迷恋上了动画节目中的微型火车。看到这里，电工李家伟有了一个主意：为他的儿子造一辆真正的微型火车。)”可知，航航的父亲肯定是爱他才决定为他造一辆真正的微型火车并且用了8年的时间去建造。故选D项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容“So whenever he was free, Li would closely observe the steam trains and asked professionals at railway stations about the machinery. Later, someone gave him a book called Steam Locomotives. He spent three months learning how to draw blueprints using software. Because the process was complex and the demand low, factories were unwilling to produce parts for the train. Li had no choice but to make the parts himself. At times he thought about giving up, but he chose to continue. Over eight years, Li spent more than 200,000 yuan testing the machine more than a thousand times. Finally in 2021 he built the first miniature train for his son.(所以每当他有空的时候，李就会仔细观察蒸汽火车，并向火车站的专业人士询问机器的情况。后来，有人给了他一本叫做《蒸汽机车》的书。他花了三个月的时间学习如何使用软件绘制蓝图。由于工艺复杂，需求量低，工厂不愿意为列车生产零件。李别无选择，只能自己制作这些部件。有时他想放弃，但他选择了继续。8年多来，李花了20多万元测试了这台机器一千多次。最终在2021年，他为儿子建造了第一辆微型火车。)”可知，该段主要讲的是李家伟为建造微型火车付出了巨大的努力。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段的内容“So whenever he was free, Li would closely observe the steam trains and asked professionals at railway stations about the machinery. Later, someone gave him a book called Steam Locomotives. He spent three months learning how to draw blueprints using software. Because the process was complex and the demand low, factories were unwilling to produce parts for the train. Li had no choice but to make the parts himself. At times he thought about giving up, but he chose to continue. Over eight years, Li spent more than 200,000 yuan testing the machine more than a thousand times. Finally in 2021 he built the first miniature train for his son.(所以每当他有空的时候，李就会仔细观察蒸汽火车，并向火车站的专业人士询问机器的情况。后来，有人给了他一本叫做《蒸汽机车》的书。他花了三个月的时间学习如何使用软件绘制蓝图。由于工艺复杂，需求量低，工厂不愿意为列车生产零件。李别无选择，只能自己制作这些部件。有时他想放弃，但他选择了继续。8年多来，李花了20多万元测试了这台机器一千多次。最终在2021年，他为儿子建造了第一辆微型火车。)”可知，尽管面临重重挑战，李还是为儿子建造了微型火车，这表明了他的爱和决心。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是首段中的“A father in Southwest China’s Chongqing spent eight years building a real miniature steam train for his autistic (自闭症的) son.(在中国西南部的重庆市，一位父亲花费了八年时间为他患有自闭症的儿子打造了一辆真正的微型蒸汽火车。)”以及尾段中的“As he continued work to improve the train, Li noticed Hanghang also changed. “My son improved little by little. He was no longer afraid of strangers and becoming more cheerful and lively,” Li recalled. The 15-year-old often confidently introduces his beloved miniature trains to others.(在他继续工作以改进火车的过程中，李家伟注意到航航也发生了变化。“我的儿子一点一点地进步了。他不再害怕陌生人，变得越来越开朗活泼。”李回忆道。这位15岁的少年经常自信地向他人介绍他心爱的微型火车。)”可知，李家伟为了患有自闭症的儿子航航，坚持不懈地花费八年时间亲手打造了一辆微型蒸汽火车。这个过程中，不仅体现了他对儿子深深的爱，也展示了这种父爱如何成为支撑他克服重重困难的动力。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期末）As people age, they often share common desires: to remain in their own homes, to maintain their independence for as long as possible, and to rely on family and friends for support when necessary. This concept (概念) of staying in their home as they age is known as “aging in place”. However, many older adults and their families have concerns about safety and daily activities. When Weakley lived 400 miles from her 82-year-old grandmother, Janet Dibkey, who was living alone and showing early signs of memory loss, the long distance and lack of care brought Weakley constant worry. Janet Dibkey is among more than 90% of older adults who want to spend their later years in their own homes. Weakley is one of more than 53 million Americans as a caregiver. She is also a researcher helping older Americans maintain independence through communication tools and technology. Created in partnership with caregivers and other experts, Weakley designed the Interactive Care Platform, or I-Care, to connect older adults experiencing mental disability to their family members who live apart for support in completing these important daily activities, such as managing medicine, paying bills on time and remembering to attend appointments. I-Care has a homepage that lists weather conditions, upcoming events and recent caregiver messages, and a calendar that can be changed by both the care receiver and caregiver. Besides, there is a messaging center where care partners can send messages and make video calls and a goals section where individuals can track brain health behaviors such as exercise and cognitive (认知) engagement. “Dr. Weakley’s creative work is very exciting because she is using technology to support families in ways that are both practical and meaningful. It addresses social isolation and loneliness in the care receiver and stress and worry in the caregiver, which is important for well-being in daily life for both people with memory loss and their families,” a reporter from USA Today said. 1．What do we learn about older people according to paragraph 1? A．They aren’t concerned about safety. B．They only depend on family for care. C．They prefer to stay in their homes. D．They don’t have enough daily activities. 2．Why was Weakley worried about her grandmother? A．Her grandmother wanted to live on her own. B．Her grandmother suffered from a serious disease. C．She couldn’t live up to her grandmother’s expectations. D．She couldn’t look after her grandmother for living far. 3．Which of the following best describes I-Care? A．It ensures the safety of older people. B．It provides effective medical treatment. C．It prevents memory loss of older members. D．It benefits both older people and their families. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．I-Care Helping Older Adults Age in Place. B．New Tech Changing the Life of Older People. C．I-Care Reducing the Stress of the Elderly People. D．New Tech Treating Older Adults for Memory Loss. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Weakley利用技术帮助老年人在家中独立生活，并减轻他们家庭的照顾负担。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As people age, they often share common desires: to remain in their own homes, to maintain their independence for as long as possible, and to rely on family and friends for support when necessary.(随着人们年龄的增长，他们通常会有一个共同的愿望：尽可能长时间地留在自己家里，维持独立性，并在必要时依靠家人和朋友的支持)”可知，老年人更喜欢留在他们自己的家里。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When Weakley lived 400 miles from her 82-year-old grandmother, Janet Dibkey, who was living alone and showing early signs of memory loss, the long distance and lack of care brought Weakley constant worry.(当Weakley住在离她82岁独居并显示出记忆力减退早期迹象的祖母Janet Dibkey 400英里远的地方时，长距离和缺乏护理让Weakley不断担心)”可知，Weakley担心祖母是因为她住得太远，无法照顾自己的祖母。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Created in partnership with caregivers and other experts, Weakley designed the Interactive Care Platform, or I-Care, to connect older adults experiencing mental disability to their family members who live apart for support in completing these important daily activities, such as managing medicine, paying bills on time and remembering to attend appointments.(与护理人员和其他专家合作，Weakley设计了互动护理平台，即I-Care，将有精神障碍的老年人与远离的家人连接起来，支持完成诸如管理药物、按时付款和记住出席约会等重要日常活动)”，以及第四段“I-Care has a homepage that lists weather conditions, upcoming events and recent caregiver messages, and a calendar that can be changed by both the care receiver and caregiver. Besides, there is a messaging center where care partners can send messages and make video calls and a goals section where individuals can track brain health behaviors such as exercise and cognitive engagement.(I-Care有一个主页，上面列出了天气状况、即将发生的事件和最近的护理人员消息，以及一个可以由照护者和被护理者双方更改的日历。此外，还有一个信息中心，护理伙伴可以在这里发送消息和进行视频通话，还有一个目标部分，个人可以跟踪大脑健康行为，如锻炼和认知参与)”可知，I-Care 不仅可以帮助老年人完成日常事务，还可以减轻家人的压力，对老年人及其家人都有好处。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容和第五段““Dr. Weakley’s creative work is very exciting because she is using technology to support families in ways that are both practical and meaningful. It addresses social isolation and loneliness in the care receiver and stress and worry in the caregiver, which is important for well—being in daily life for both people with memory loss and their families, ” a reporter from USA Today said.(“Weakley博士的创造性工作非常令人兴奋，因为她正在使用技术以既实用又有意义的方式支持家庭。它解决了被照顾者的社会孤立和孤独，以及照顾者的压力和担忧，这对失忆症患者及其家人的日常生活都很重要，”《今日美国》的一名记者说)”，可知，文章主要讲述了Weakley博士设计的I-Care互动护理平台如何帮助老年人在家中养老，并减轻家人的压力。因此，A选项“帮助老年人在家中养老的I-Care”最能作为本文标题。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高一上·山东威海·期末）I don’t remember a time in my life when I didn’t have Laura. Our houses were down the road from each other. From my earliest memory, I would walk the path to hers, and she would walk it to mine. If we timed it right, we’d meet somewhere in the middle. We didn’t have cell phones back then, and I don’t remember calling each other much on the house phones either. We’d just show up. Most of my childhood memories are with Laura. We wrote secret notes and left them in trees to rediscover later and we’d name fishes at the pond. Occasionally we would disagree, and one of us would walk home, but we’d always show up again a few hours later. The beauty of childhood friendships, of course, is that we are completely ourselves in them. I didn’t need to dress a certain way for Laura; she didn’t need to agree on everything. If one of us was tired, we would say so. If one of us didn’t feel like talking for a while, we didn’t. It was all quite simple. As adults, friendships can be more complicated than they were in childhood. We have to consider how our words and behaviors affect others. If you are an over-thinker like me, an evening of socializing might end with a series of thoughts: Should I have said that? Did I take that the wrong way? Why didn’t I say that differently? Those thoughts, although necessary at times, can also be tiring. If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura, I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real. There’s something magical about those childhood friendships. There is something special about them that is beyond just nostalgia (怀旧). Perhaps that something is the truthfulness of it. 1．What is the key to her friendship with Laura according to the author? A．Being themselves. B．Agreeing on everything. C．Sharing similar interests. D．Communicating regularly. 2．What does the author think of adult friendships? A．They are long-lasting. B．They can lead to overthinking. C．They are more realistic. D．They can bring new thoughts. 3．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Childhood friendships are worth remembering. B．Being real plays an important role in friendships. C．Nostalgia adds to the magic of childhood friendships. D．Friendships are only meaningful when they are perfect. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What we can learn from childhood friendships. B．Friendship matters for both children and adults. C．How childhood friendships develop into adult ones. D．The differences between childhood and adult friendships. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者与劳拉儿时的友谊，对比了儿时和成年后友谊的不同，最后指出应从儿时友谊中学到友谊的关键是真实。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The beauty of childhood friendships, of course, is that we are completely ourselves in them. I didn’t need to dress a certain way for Laura; she didn’t need to agree on everything. If one of us was tired, we would say so. If one of us didn’t feel like talking for a while, we didn’t. It was all quite simple.(当然，童年友谊的美妙之处在于，在其中我们完全做自己。我不需要为了劳拉而以某种特定的方式穿着；她也不需要在所有事情上都达成一致。如果我们中有一个人累了，我们就会直说。如果我们中有一个人有一阵子不想说话，我们就不说话。一切都很简单)”可知，作者认为与劳拉友谊的关键是做自己。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“As adults, friendships can be more complicated than they were in childhood. We have to consider how our words and behaviors affect others. If you are an over-thinker like me, an evening of socializing might end with a series of thoughts: Should I have said that? Did I take that the wrong way? Why didn’t I say that differently? Those thoughts, although necessary at times, can also be tiring.(作为成年人，友谊可能比童年时期更复杂。我们必须考虑我们的言语和行为如何影响他人。如果你像我一样是一个过度思考的人，一个晚上的社交活动可能会以一系列的想法结束：我当时应该那样说吗？我是不是理解错了？我为什么不换一种方式说呢？这些想法虽然有时是必要的，但也会让人疲惫)”可知，作者认为成年人的友谊更复杂，我们必须考虑我们的言语和行为如何影响他人，所以会导致过度思考。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura, I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real. There’s something magical about those childhood friendships. There is something special about them that is beyond just nostalgia. Perhaps that something is the truthfulness of it.(如果我退后一步，从与劳拉的友谊中学习，我可以提醒自己，友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实。那些童年友谊有一种神奇的东西。它们有一些特别之处，不仅仅是怀旧。也许这种特别之处就是它的真实性)”可知，作者认为友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实，所以暗示真实在友谊中起着重要作用。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段“If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura, I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real.(如果我退后一步，从与劳拉的友谊中学习，我可以提醒自己，友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实)”可知，本文主要讲的是我们可以从童年友谊中学到的东西。故选A项。 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·浙江丽水·期末）During evenings spent with her crafting (手工艺) group, Kate Smith has produced a host of lovely pieces: hand-made bags, summer dresses, and even jewellery. But the thing she’s most proud of creating is a group of close friends that value each other’s company. The four members of the group, Smith, Ratnett, Jenny and Clark, whose children were of the similar ages, first met at the school gate in the village of Marshfield. Later Smith ran a shop called Makery, selling craft materials and running in-store workshops. When the four got chatting, it turned out that they all showed interest in crafting and had all popped into the shop at one time or another. From then on, they have been meeting regularly to get crafty, taking it in turns to host at home. During their craft nights, the group will either work on their own projects or deal with a craft task together. Everyone will bring something delicious to eat, always Clark’s famous homemade bread, sometimes chocolates or a bottle of prosecco. But although all four women love to get their craft on, the real highlight of the evening is the chance to catch up. “We’ll give each other a big hug when we see each other,” says Smith. “Sometimes we’ll have a lot going on at home, but at our crafting evenings we can just let it all out. We don’t have to pretend everything is all right. I get a huge sense of comfort from asking their opinions on things, and we love sharing and learning new skills together. It’s a safe space filled with lovely people, and just really therapeutic (治愈的).” With Clark due to move back to her native New Zealand in November, the group plans to meet as regularly as they can in the run-up, and continue their meetings via video call once she’s overseas. As Christmas approaches, they’re also planning to keep up their crafting traditions. 1．What does Smith take greatest pride in about her crafting group? A．The creation of beautiful craftwork. B．The chance to improve crafting skills. C．The close relationship among friends. D．The lifelong company of the members. 2．What brought the four members together in Makery? A．Their children of similar ages. B．Their shared interest in crafting. C．Their common habit in shopping. D．Their idea of running workshops. 3．What is the best part of the crafting evenings? A．Supporting each other. B．Enjoying delicious food. C．Improving new art skills. D．Working on their project. 4．Which of the following is the group’s future plan? A．They will move together soon. B．They will meet every Christmas. C．They will travel to New Zealand. D．They will keep their traditions alive. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Kate Smith和她的手工小组成员通过手工艺活动建立深厚友谊的故事，重点描述了她们的活动内容、情感交流以及未来的计划。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But the thing she’s most proud of creating is a group of close friends that value each other’s company.(但她最自豪的是有一群珍视彼此陪伴的亲密朋友)”可知，Smith最自豪的是成员之间的亲密关系。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When the four got chatting, it turned out that they all showed interest in crafting and had all popped into the shop at one time or another.(当四人聊天时，发现她们对手工艺都很感兴趣，并且都曾光顾过这家店)”可知，她们聚在一起是因为对手工艺的共同兴趣。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But although all four women love to get their craft on, the real highlight of the evening is the chance to catch up.(尽管四人都喜欢做手工艺，但晚上的真正亮点是彼此交流的机会)”以及第四段中Smith的描述“I get a huge sense of comfort from asking their opinions on things, and we love sharing and learning new skills together.（我从询问她们的意见中获得了极大的安慰，我们也喜欢一起分享和学习新技能)”可知，晚上最美好的部分是彼此的支持和交流。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As Christmas approaches, they’re also planning to keep up their crafting traditions.(随着圣诞节的临近，她们还计划保持手工艺的传统)”可知，她们未来的计划是保持传统。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）Timeless and meaningful friendships are central to the human experience, and we have been honoring these special relationships for thousands of years. One of the ways people have marked these bonds is by exchanging gifts. Here are the stories of the symbols and traditions that have honored friendships throughout history and around the world. In the 16th century, Dutch theologian Erasmus offered his friends paintings, books, and ancient coins, which became a kind of currency of friendship among early modern humanists. By the 18th and 19th centuries in Ireland, the Claddagh ring had gained attention as a symbol of both love and friendship: the heart on the ring represents (代表) love, while the clasped hands represent friendship. By the 18th century, friends were exchanging locks of hair, which degrades very slowly. Like friendship, so the belief went, hair seemed to be everlasting. George Washington even gifted his hair to some of his close friends, including fellow founding father Alexander Hamilton. Throughout the 19th century, friends exchanged friendship brooches (胸针). They sometimes featured ivy flowers, which Victorians associated with loyalty, and the phrase, “Nothing can separate me from you.” As one advertisement for friendship brooches said in 1913, the brooch’s circular shape was, “like friendship, endless”. By the end of the 20th century, a new friendship symbol and gift-giving practice took hold: friendship bracelets, which tend to be brightly colored and woven. No one knows exactly where friendship bracelets came from or how the tradition started, but they may have their roots in woven bracelets from Central America. All these show an idea that’s been around forever: It’s great to find someone who understands you in this big world, and it’s something worth celebrating. 1．What did Erasmus offer his friends in the 16th century? A．Ivy flowers and woven bracelets. B．Paintings, books, and ancient coins. C．Friendship bracelets and locks of hair. D．Claddagh rings and friendship brooches. 2．What can we know about the Claddagh ring in Ireland? A．It was only worn by men. B．It was expensive and hard to get. C．It was made of gold and diamonds. D．It represented both love and friendship. 3．What can be inferred about the tradition of exchanging locks of hair? A．It was a way to show long life. B．It was a practice limited to the 18th century. C．It was a common practice only among the wealthy. D．It was believed to symbolize everlasting friendship. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．How celebrities make friends B．How people celebrate friendship C．The history of friendship symbols D．The importance of celebrating friendships 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长久且有意义的友谊在人类生活中至关重要，交换礼物是纪念友谊的方式之一。文章历数了不同时期世界各地纪念友谊的象征物与传统，包括 16世纪荷兰伊拉斯谟送的绘画、书籍和古币，18至19世纪爱尔兰的克拉达戒指，18世纪朋友间交换的一缕头发，19世纪的友谊胸针以及20世纪末的彩色编织友谊手链。这些都体现出在广阔世界中觅得知己的美好，这种情谊值得庆贺。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the 16th century, Dutch theologian Erasmus offered his friends paintings, books, and ancient coins, which became a kind of currency of friendship among early modern humanists.( 16世纪，荷兰神学家伊拉斯谟向他的朋友们赠送绘画、书籍和古钱币，这在早期现代人文主义者中成为一种友谊的货币。)”可知，在 16 世纪，荷兰神学家伊拉斯谟送给他的朋友们绘画、书籍和古币。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“By the 18th and 19th centuries in Ireland, the Claddagh ring had gained attention as a symbol of both love and friendship: the heart on the ring represents (代表) love, while the clasped hands represent friendship.( 到了18世纪和19世纪，在爱尔兰，克拉达戒指作为爱情和友谊的象征而受到关注：戒指上的心代表爱情，而紧握的双手代表友谊。)”可知，在爱尔兰，克拉达戒指代表着爱和友谊。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“By the 18th century, friends were exchanging locks of hair, which degrades very slowly. Like friendship, so the belief went, hair seemed to be everlasting. George Washington even gifted his hair to some of his close friends, including fellow founding father Alexander Hamilton.(到 18 世纪，朋友们开始交换一缕头发，头发降解的速度非常缓慢。就像友谊一样，人们的信念是这样的，头发似乎是永恒的。乔治·华盛顿甚至将他的头发送给了他的一些密友，包括同为开国元勋的亚历山大·汉密尔顿。 )”可推知，人们认为交换一缕头发象征着永恒的友谊，因为头发降解很慢，就像友谊一样似乎是永恒的。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“One of the ways people have marked these bonds is by exchanging gifts. Here are the stories of the symbols and traditions that have honored friendships throughout history and around the world.(人们庆祝这些关系的方式之一是交换礼物。以下是历史上和世界各地尊重友谊的象征和传统的故事。)”可知，文章主要讲述了几个世纪以来，不同的物品和传统在不同时期成为了友谊的象征，如16世纪伊拉斯谟送的绘画、书籍和古币，18、19世纪爱尔兰的克拉达戒指，18世纪交换的一缕头发，19世纪的友谊胸针，20 世纪末的友谊手链等，所以文章主要不同历史时期象征友谊的物品和庆祝方式。由此可推知，C 选项“The history of friendship symbols(友谊象征物的历史)”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末）As I was about to head back to my room, my mom called out, “Emma, you’ve got mail.” Excited, I hurried downstairs and saw a small envelope waiting for me on the table. It was from my pen pal, Sarah, who lives in San Francisco. We met online through a group for book lovers, and after hearing others talk about how fun it was to have a pen pal, we decided to try it ourselves. In her first letter to me, she wrote, “The idea of having a pen pal seems so romantic to me.While I appreciate the conveniences of the modern world, certain traditions carry a timeless beauty.” I couldn’t agree more. My love for handwritten notes wasn’t new. I’ve always enjoyed writing personal letters to friends. When I graduated from high school, I even wrote to each of my friends, reflecting on our memories and wishing them well as we went our separate ways. But my exchange with Sarah felt different. We were strangers getting to know each other through letters. Sarah told me that she loves baking and that her favorite thing to make is chocolate chip cookies. She also said she enjoys watching sunsets by the beach and that she thinks they’re the most peaceful moments of her day. From her letters, I learned a lot about San Francisco, too. In return, I shared stories about my life in Boston. I also told her about my favorite season, fall, and how the trees turn beautiful shades of red and orange. Writing to Sarah has become a cherished hobby. While texting or emailing is quick, there’s something magical about opening a handwritten letter. The thoughtful choice of words and the care behind each detail make it unique. I look forward to every envelope that arrives, knowing it carries a bit of Sarah’s world into mine. 1．What led Emma to begin writing letters to Sarah? A．Fondness of handwritten letters. B．Inspiration by other people’s experiences. C．Eagerness to know more about each other. D．Longing for a completely different lifestyle. 2．Why did Emma mention writing letters to her high school friends? A．To compare her habits on letter writing. B．To express her aims at writing letters. C．To reveal her joy from letter writing. D．To highlight her efforts to write letters. 3．What does Emma think of letter writing? A．An activity to collect information. B．A strategy to join others’ social circles. C．A fight against the overuse of Internet. D．A way to make close personal connection. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title of the text? A．The Touch of Ink B．The Timeless Charm of Letters C．From Memories to Messages D．From San Francisco to Boston 【答案】1．B 2．C 4．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Emma与笔友Sarah通过书信建立友谊的过程。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“We met online through a group for book lovers, and after hearing others talk about how fun it was to have a pen pal, we decided to try it ourselves. (我们在网上的一个书友群里相遇，在听到其他人谈论有笔友是多么有趣之后，我们也决定尝试一下。)”可知，受到其他人经历的启发，Emma和Sarah开始写信给对方。故选B。 2．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“My love for handwritten notes wasn’t new. I’ve always enjoyed writing personal letters to friends. When I graduated from high school,I even wrote to each of my friends,reflecting on our memories and wishing them well as we went our separate ways. (我一直喜欢给朋友们写亲笔信。高中毕业时，我甚至给每位朋友都写了信，回忆我们的点点滴滴，并在我们各奔前程之际为他们送上美好的祝愿。)”可知，Emma提到给高中朋友写信是为了表达她从写信中获得的快乐。故选C。 3．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“The thoughtful choice of words and the care behind each detail make it unique. I look forward to every envelope that arrives, knowing it carries a bit of Sarah’s world into mine. (精心挑选的文字和每个细节背后的关怀使它独一无二。我期待着收到的每一个信封，因为我知道里面带着一点Sarah的世界。)”可知，Emma认为写信是一种建立亲密个人联系的方式。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“As I was about to head back to my room, my mom called out, “Emma, you’ve got mail.”Excited, I hurried downstairs and saw a small envelope waiting for me on the table. It was from my pen pal, Sarah, who lives in San Francisco. We met online through a group for book lovers, and after hearing others talk about how fun it was to have a pen pal, we decided to try it ourselves. (正当我准备回房间时，妈妈喊道：“艾玛，你有信。”我兴奋地跑下楼，看到桌子上放着一封小信封。这是来自我的笔友Sarah的信，她住在旧金山。我们在网上的一个书友群里相遇，在听到其他人谈论有笔友是多么有趣之后，我们也决定尝试一下。)”和第二段“In her first letter to me, she wrote, “The idea of having a pen pal seems so romantic to me.While I appreciate the conveniences of the modern world, certain traditions carry a timeless beauty.” (在她给我的第一封信中，她写道：“有一个笔友的想法对我来说太浪漫了。虽然我欣赏现代世界的便利，但某些传统具有永恒的美。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了Emma和Sarah通过写信建立友谊的故事，并强调了写信这种传统交流方式的独特魅力。因此，最适合的标题是“The Timeless Charm of Letters (书信的永恒魅力)”。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·湖南长沙·期末）A few years ago, it seemed like Taylor Swift never went anywhere without a large group of friends. No matter what event she attended, a list squad (小队) — which included famous people like Selena Gomez, Zen d and God Ha did — would be right by her side. But now Swift wants fans to know that her friendships weren’t as perfect as she tried to make people believe. In fact, she says she was using her friend group to hide her insecurity (不安全) of feeling “uncool” and “unpopular”. Swift says she went out of her way to show off her squad because she didn’t have many friends when she was younger — a memory that still bothered her years later. “Never being popular as a kid was always an insecurity for me,” she says. When she became famous, Swift became obsessed (沉迷) with showing off her popularity. “In my twenties, I found myself surrounded by girls who wanted to be my friends,” Swift explains. “So I celebrated my newfound acceptance into a sisterhood.” But by constantly putting her friends on display, Swift failed to consider how bad her fans might feel about themselves because they didn’t have a squad like hers. “I didn’t realize that other people might still feel the way I did when I felt so alone,” she says. As she became older and more confident in herself, Swift started focusing on the quality of her friends, not the quantity (数量). She says she finally understands that the size of her group doesn’t mean how “cool” she is. To her, it’s much more important to have a few friends who can be trusted rather than a large group of “fair-weather” friends. While Swift still values her friends she has in her life, she no longer feels the pressure to show off them for the sake of impressing others. “For too long, the opinions of strangers affected how I viewed things. But now I learn not to let outside opinions affect my own life choices.” 1．What made Swift know old list squad? A．The popularity of her friends. B．Her childhood experience. C．The support of her fans. D．Her strong social influence. 2．What does paragraph 4 intend to tell us? A．We should make real friends. B．It is important to trust our friends. C．Our friends can affect our behavior. D．There are many ways of making friends. 3．What does the underlined word “sake” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Request. B．Advice. C．Method. D．Purpose. 4．From which is the text probably taken? A．A scientific report. B．A social newspaper. C．A travel magazine. D．A movie poster. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，本文主要讲述著名歌手Taylor Swift由于童年时期不受欢迎的经历喜欢带着一群朋友团，后来随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，学会了不让外界的观点影响自己的人生选择。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Swift says she went out of her way to show off her squad because she didn’t have many friends when she was younger — a memory that still bothered her years later.(Swift说，她特意去炫耀她的团队，因为她年轻的时候没有很多朋友——多年后这段记忆仍然困扰着她)”可知，童年时期的经历让Swift认识了她的朋友小分队。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“As she became older and more confident in herself, Swift started focusing on the quality of her friends, not the quantity(数量). She says she finally understands that the size of her group doesn’t mean how “cool” she is. To her, it’s much more important to have a few friends who can be trusted rather than a large group of “fair- weather” friends.(随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，而不是数量。她说她终于明白，她的团队规模并不意味着她有多“酷”。对她来说，有几个可以信任的朋友比一大群“酒肉朋友”重要得多)”可知，本段主要告诉我们要结交真正的朋友。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In fact, she says she was using her friend group to hide her insecurity (不安全) of feeling “uncool” and “unpopular”. Swift says she went out of her way to show off her squad(事实上，她说她是在利用她的朋友群来隐藏她的不安全感，因为她觉得自己“不酷”、“不受欢迎”。Swift说，她特意去炫耀她的团队)”以及划线词后“of impressing others(给别人留下深刻印象)”可知，Swift炫耀自己的朋友来隐藏自己的不安全感，推知划线词所在句意为“虽然Swift仍然珍惜她生命中的朋友，但她不再感到为了给别人留下深刻印象而炫耀他们的压力”，sake意为“目的”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段中“As she became older and more confident in herself, Swift started focusing on the quality of her friends, not the quantity (数量).(随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，而不是数量)”和最后一段中“For too long, the opinions of strangers affected how I viewed things. But now I learn not to let outside opinions affect my own life choices.(很长一段时间以来，陌生人的观点影响了我对事物的看法。但现在我学会了不让外界的观点影响我自己的人生选择)”可知，本文主要讲述著名歌手Taylor Swift由于童年时期不受欢迎的经历喜欢带着一群朋友团，后来随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，学会了不让外界的观点影响自己的人生选择，是关于友谊的，应是出自社交报纸。故选B。 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·湖南·期末）A nutrient-rich (营养丰富) diet with few added sugars may slow rates of biological aging in women, a new research suggests. Scientists found that middle-aged women who ate more foods packed with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants (抗氧化物) had “younger-looking” cells than those who had less healthy diets. They judged whether a cell was young by looking at methyl (甲基) groups, on the surface of DNA． The pattern of these methyl groups changes as we age, which is believed to increase cellular aging. “Sugars are linked to worsened health and early disease possibly more than any other food factor.” co-author Elissa Epel, a professor at the University of California, said in a statement. Epel and her colleagues analyzed food records of 342 women over three days. The team then scored each woman’s diet based on how closely it followed various established diets: While nutrient-rich diets were tied to slowed aging, added sugars seemed to control the effect. In the study, women who consumed higher amounts of added sugars showed signs of faster cellular aging compared to others, even if they ate other healthy diets. “Added sugars” refer to sugars that are added to food during production such as those in sugared drinks and baked goods, as opposed to the naturally occurring sugars found in milk, fruits and vegetables. The new study is one of the first to demonstrate a link between added sugar consumption and cellular aging, the authors said. The team calculated the participants’ ages by looking at the DNA methylation of cells with samples. These data showed the links between diet and cellular aging, but they were only a tip of the iceberg. In fact, more research is needed to assess how following these diets might affect aging in the long run. 1．What can we learn from the study? A．A balanced diet is linked to people’s health. B．A low-sugar healthy diet may delay women’s aging. C．The sugary food has no effect on the women’s body. D．The added sugars slow down people’s biological aging. 2．Which of the following food may make cells age faster according to paragraph 3? A．Pure milk. B．Chinese cabbage. C．Birthday cakes. D．Fresh watermelons. 3．How did Epel and her colleagues conduct their study? A．By giving an example. B．By introducing a concept. C．By making a comparison. D．By raising some questions. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The study lacks further support. B．There are data errors in the study. C．People’s age can be changed by diet. D．Sugary diet affects health in the long run. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究表明，富含营养、少添加糖的饮食可能减缓女性生物衰老速度，研究还分析了饮食与细胞衰老的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A nutrient-rich (营养丰富) diet with few added sugars may slow rates of biological aging in women, a new research suggests.(一项新的研究表明，富含营养、添加糖较少的饮食可能会减缓女性的生物衰老速度。)”可知，低糖健康饮食可能会延缓女性衰老。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中““Added sugars” refer to sugars that are added to food during production such as those in sugared drinks and baked goods, as opposed to the naturally occurring sugars found in milk, fruits and vegetables.(“添加糖”是指在生产过程中添加到食物中的糖，如含糖饮料和烘焙食品中的糖，而不是牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖。)”可知，生日蛋糕属于烘焙食品，其中的添加糖可能会使细胞衰老得更快，而纯牛奶、大白菜和新鲜西瓜中的糖是天然存在的糖，不会加速细胞衰老。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Epel and her colleagues analyzed food records of 342 women over three days. The team then scored each woman’s diet based on how closely it followed various established diets: While nutrient-rich diets were tied to slowed aging, added sugars seemed to control the effect. In the study, women who consumed higher amounts of added sugars showed signs of faster cellular aging compared to others, even if they ate other healthy diets.(Epel和她的同事分析了342名女性三天的饮食记录。然后，研究小组根据每位女性的饮食与各种既定饮食的接近程度对其进行评分：虽然富含营养的饮食与延缓衰老有关，但添加糖似乎控制了这种效果。在这项研究中，与其他人相比，摄入更多添加糖的女性即使吃其他健康饮食，也显示出细胞衰老更快的迹象。)”可知，Epel和她的同事通过对比不同饮食（富含营养的饮食和添加糖较多的饮食）对女性细胞衰老的影响来开展研究。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“These data showed the links between diet and cellular aging, but they were only a tip of the iceberg. In fact, more research is needed to assess how following these diets might affect aging in the long run.(这些数据显示了饮食和细胞衰老之间的联系，但这只是冰山一角。事实上，还需要更多的研究来评估长期遵循这些饮食可能会如何影响衰老。)”可知，这项研究还需要进一步的支持。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·山东菏泽·期末）You probably know better than to eat a strawberry straight from the box without washing it. Fruits and vegetables are often coated in harmful pesticides (农药) to prevent pests when they’re growing. These chemicals are not exactly safe for human either. And while you probably wash off your produce before eating it, even a thorough wash with water isn’t enough to properly get rid of all the pesticides. In the new study published in the American Chemical Society’s journal Nano Letters, experts find that simply washing your fruits and vegetables “cannot wholly remove pesticides” because they can actually “enter inside of fruit through the skin.” The pesticides left behind on the skin of produce are fat-soluble (溶脂的), which basically just means they aren’t as easy to get rid of. That doesn’t, however, mean you have a life of pesticide-full apples and oranges. “The research suggests that peeling (削皮) can effectively remove nearly all pesticide remains, contrasted with the frequently recommended practice of washing,” study co-author Professor Ye said. If you’re not planning to peel your fruit and vegetables, Professor Ye suggests soaking (浸泡) the produce in a solution (溶液) of salt, a solution of soda, or a solution of vinegar. “This will help to remove many of the pesticides found in produce.” “The waxy layers (蜡质层) of produce hold on to pesticides and are very difficult to remove using water alone,” said Dr. Bryan, food scientist and author of 150 Food Science Questions Answered. He stressed, “Chemical treatments are needed to effectively remove the waxy layers. However, peeling remains the most effective way to remove a large concentration of pesticides.” While you’re not going to die over one unwashed blueberry, long-term pesticide consumption can increase your risk of cancer and cause birth problems, immune system disease, and other diseases, according to Dr. Bryan. 1．What can we learn about fruits and vegetables according to the text? A．They go bad easily. B．They have harmful chemicals. C．They are ruined by pests. D．They can be eaten without washing. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What pesticides are. B．How the new study is conducted. C．Why pesticides are hard to remove. D．Where the new study is published. 3．What is the most effective way to deal with apples with pesticides? A．To peel them. B．To clear the waxy layers. C．To have a thorough wash. D．To soak them in a solution of salt. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．The ways to wash fruits and vegetables. B．The differences between organic fruits and chemical fruits. C．The long-term risks caused by eating fruits with pesticides. D．The suggestions to kill off pesticides in fruits and vegetables. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了农作物上的农药残留问题，以及如何有效去除农药残留的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“You probably know better than to eat a strawberry straight from the box without washing it. Fruits and vegetables are often coated in harmful pesticides (农药) to prevent pests when they’re growing. These chemicals are not exactly safe for human either. And while you probably wash off your produce before eating it, even a thorough wash with water isn’t enough to properly get rid of all the pesticides.(你可能知道不要不洗就直接吃盒子里的草莓。水果和蔬菜在生长过程中经常被涂上有害的杀虫剂，以防止害虫。这些化学物质对人体也不完全安全。虽然你可能会在吃之前把农产品洗干净，但即使用水彻底清洗也不足以彻底去除所有的农药)”可知，水果和蔬菜含有有害化学物质。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the new study published in the American Chemical Society’s journal Nano Letters, experts find that simply washing your fruits and vegetables “cannot wholly remove pesticides” because they can actually “enter inside of fruit through the skin.” The pesticides left behind on the skin of produce are fat-soluble (溶脂的), which basically just means they aren’t as easy to get rid of.(在美国化学学会杂志《纳米快报》上发表的一项新研究中，专家们发现，仅仅清洗水果和蔬菜“并不能完全去除农药”，因为它们实际上可以“通过表皮进入水果内部”。残留在农产品表皮上的农药是脂溶性的，这基本上意味着它们不那么容易被清除)”可知，本段主要讲述了为什么农药很难去除。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“That doesn’t, however, mean you have a life of pesticide-full apples and oranges. “The research suggests that peeling (削皮) can effectively remove nearly all pesticide remains, contrasted with the frequently recommended practice of washing,” study co-author Professor Ye said.(然而，这并不意味着你的生活充满了杀虫剂的苹果和橙子。“研究表明，与经常被推荐的清洗做法相比，去皮可以有效去除几乎所有残留的农药，”该研究的合著者叶教授说)”可知，处理有杀虫剂的苹果的最好方法是削皮。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段““The waxy layers (蜡质层) of produce hold on to pesticides and are very difficult to remove using water alone,” said Dr. Bryan, food scientist and author of 150 Food Science Questions Answered. He stressed, “Chemical treatments are needed to effectively remove the waxy layers. However, peeling remains the most effective way to remove a large concentration of pesticides.”(食品科学家、《150个食品科学问题解答》（150 food Science Questions answer）一书的作者布莱恩博士说：“农产品的蜡状层附着着农药，很难单用水去除。”他强调说：“需要化学处理来有效地去除蜡层。然而，剥皮仍然是去除高浓度农药的最有效方法。”)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了消除水果和蔬菜中的农药的建议。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山西吕梁·期末）People operated on by female surgeons are less likely to experience difficulties and need follow-up care than by male surgeons, according to a study in Canada. Dr. Christopher Wallis led the study at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. His team looked at post-surgery problems in nearly 1.2 million patients between 2007 and 2019. The records included 25 different surgical procedures on the heart, brain, bones, organs and blood vessels. The analysis, reported in JAMA Surgery, showed that 90 days after an operation, 13.9% of patients treated by a male surgeon had “uncomfortable post-operative events”, a term that includes death and medical difficulties ranging from problems that require further surgery to major infections (感染), heart attacks and strokes (中风). The equal figure for patients seen by female surgeons was 12.5%. Patients seen by female surgeons performed better one year after surgery too, with 20.7% having an uncomfortable post-operative event, compared with 25% of those seen by male surgeons. When the doctors looked purely at post-surgery deaths, the difference was even starker: patients treated by male surgeons were 25% more likely to die one year after surgery than those treated by female surgeons. Further investigations show that female surgeons tend to operate more slowly and may achieve better results by taking their time in the operating theater. Wallis said there were “numerous lessons” to learn. “Improving the social status of female physicians is essential,” Dr. Wallis said. “Besides attracting more women to surgery, there is a need to promote them to positions of influence. There is a wealth of data that the numbers of women in senior positions are decreasing,” he added. 1．What do the data in paragraphs 3 and 4 show? A．25% of patients treated by male surgeons risked death. B．Patients treated by female surgeons had better outcomes. C．Post-operative problems decreased with time. D．Male surgeons were less responsible. 2．What does the underlined word “starker” in paragraph 4 mean? A．More obvious. B．More annoying. C．More unnoticeable. D．Smaller. 3．What can we conclude about female surgeons’ performance? A．No pains, no gains. B．Practice makes perfect. C．Slow work produces fine products. D．The winner is the one who holds on to the last. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Women physicians are generally wiser. B．Hospitals need more surgeons. C．Surgeons should have a knowledge of evolution. D．Fewer women surgeons serve in higher ranks now. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现和男外科医生相比，被女外科医生动手术的病人发生术后并发症和需要进一步治疗的可能性要小一些。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The analysis, reported in JAMA Surgery, showed that 90 days after an operation, 13.9% of patients treated by a male surgeon had “uncomfortable post-operative events”, a term that includes death and medical difficulties ranging from problems that require further surgery to major infections (感染), heart attacks and strokes (中风). The equal figure for patients seen by female surgeons was 12.5%.(发表在《美国医学会外科杂志》（JAMA Surgery）上的这项分析显示，在手术后90天，接受男性外科医生治疗的患者中，有13.9%出现了“术后不适事件”，这一术语包括死亡和医疗困难，从需要进一步手术的问题到严重感染、心脏病发作和中风。在女性外科医生诊治的患者中，这一比例为12.5%)”可知，女外科医生治疗过的病人有较好的结果。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“patients treated by male surgeons were 25% more likely to die one year after surgery than those treated by female surgeons.(接受男性外科医生治疗的患者在术后1年死亡的可能性比接受女性外科医生治疗的患者高25%)”可推知，当医生只看术后死亡率时，差异更加明显，划线词starker意思为：更明显的，与more obvious意思相近。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“People operated on by female surgeons are less likely to experience difficulties and need follow-up care than by male surgeons, according to a study in Canada.(加拿大的一项研究显示，与男性外科医生相比，女性外科医生做手术的人遇到困难和需要后续护理的可能性更小)”及第五段“Further investigations show that female surgeons tend to operate more slowly and may achieve better results by taking their time in the operating theater.(进一步的研究表明，女性外科医生的手术速度往往更慢，在手术室里花点时间可能会取得更好的效果)”可推知，女医生手术更慢，效果更好。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Improving the social status of female physicians is essential,” Dr. Wallis said. “Besides attracting more women to surgery, there is a need to promote them to positions of influence. There is a wealth of data that the numbers of women in senior positions are decreasing,” he added.(“提高女性医生的社会地位至关重要，”沃利斯博士说。“除了吸引更多女性接受手术外，还需要将她们提升到有影响力的职位。有大量的数据表明，担任高级职位的女性数量正在减少，”他补充说)”可推知，现在担任高级职位的女性外科医生很少。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京平谷·期末）Alcohol (酒精) is the most widely consumed drug among young people in some countries. Many of us know the negative consequences of consuming alcohol, such as getting into violent behaviors and traffic accidents. However, fewer of us consider how a few binge drinking sessions can affect the brain, especially when it is still developing. To understand these effects, we need to look at two key elements: how alcohol is metabolized, and how it affects the developing adolescent brain. Alcohol is mainly metabolized in the liver, which processes the drink after it has been absorbed. We can think of the liver as a sponge that absorbs alcohol. However, when it becomes saturated, it loses this capacity, causing the effects of drunkenness. Unfortunately, alcoholic beverages not only have temporary impacts on the functioning of our brains, they also have long-lasting effects on various aspects of the nervous system. It is important to note that during its development—up to the age of 25-30—the brain is at its most vulnerable to the effects of drugs. Moreover, these changes cause certain areas of the brain to mature earlier than others. This mismatch between the development of the brain’s reward, impulse control and decision-making systems may explain why adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviour. We have to stress the relationship between the age of starting alcohol consumption and later problems. The data is clear: the earlier someone starts drinking, the higher their risk of developing these conditions. This highlights the fact that there is no such thing as a healthy dose of alcohol, and no such thing as harmless binge drinking. It is crucial that we pay especially close attention to teenage drinking. 1．The first paragraph is used to ______. A．present a solution B．provide detail causes C．introduce the topic D．carry out a comparison 2．What does the word “temporary” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Short-term. B．Long-term. C．Serious. D．Slight. 3．From the text, we can infer that ______. A．it’s safer to drink at the age of 28 B．the effects of drinking has nothing to do with age C．alcohol affects the brain and causes behavior problems D．only teenagers’ impulse control system is affected by alcohol 4．As for teenage drinking, the author is ______. A．worried B．indifferent C．doubtful D．supportive 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了酒精对青少年大脑的影响，尤其是青少年在大脑发育期间饮酒可能带来的短期和长期危害。文章指出，尽管许多人知道饮酒可能导致暴力行为和交通事故，但较少有人意识到酒精对仍在发育中的大脑的潜在影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Alcohol (酒精) is the most widely consumed drug among young people in some countries. Many of us know the negative consequences of consuming alcohol, such as getting into violent behaviors and traffic accidents. However, fewer of us consider how a few binge drinking sessions can affect the brain, especially when it is still developing.(酒精是许多国家年轻人中最广泛使用的药物。我们中的许多人知道饮酒的负面后果，比如引发暴力行为和交通事故。然而，较少的人会考虑几次酗酒行为会对大脑产生怎样的影响，尤其是当大脑仍在发育时。)”可知，本段提到年轻人饮酒的现象，并且指出饮酒的负面影响，尤其是对大脑的影响。因此推断这段内容主要是为了引出文章接下来要详细讨论的主题——酒精对青少年大脑发育的影响。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately, alcoholic beverages not only have temporary impacts on the functioning of our brains, they also have long-lasting effects on various aspects of the nervous system.(不幸的是，酒精饮料不仅会对我们的大脑功能产生temporary的影响，还会对神经系统的各个方面产生持久性的影响。)”可知，temporary一词与long-lasting effects（长期影响）形成对比，说明酒精对大脑的影响既有短期的，也有长期的。因此，temporary在这里表示“短期的”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately, alcoholic beverages not only have temporary impacts on the functioning of our brains, they also have long-lasting effects on various aspects of the nervous system.(不幸的是，酒精饮料不仅会对我们的大脑功能产生短暂的影响，还会对神经系统的各个方面产生持久性的影响。)”和倒数第二段“It is important to note that during its development—up to the age of 25-30—the brain is at its most vulnerable to the effects of drugs. Moreover, these changes cause certain areas of the brain to mature earlier than others. This mismatch between the development of the brain’s reward, impulse control and decision-making systems may explain why adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviour.(需要指出的是，在大脑发育的阶段（即25岁至30岁期间）——也就是大脑最易受到药物影响的时期——大脑会处于一种极度脆弱的状态。此外，这些变化还会导致大脑某些区域的成熟时间早于其他区域。这种大脑奖赏、冲动控制和决策系统发育与成熟之间的不匹配，或许可以解释为什么青少年更有可能从事冒险行为。)”可知，文章提到酒精对大脑的短期和长期影响，并且指出这些影响会导致青少年更容易出现冒险行为。因此可以推断酒精会影响大脑并导致行为问题。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第一段“This highlights the fact that there is no such thing as a healthy dose of alcohol, and no such thing as harmless binge drinking. It is crucial that we pay especially close attention to teenage drinking.(这凸显了一个事实：不存在所谓适量饮酒这种说法，也不存在所谓无害的狂饮这种说法。我们必须特别留意青少年饮酒问题。)”以及前文的讲述可知，作者强调青少年大脑在发育过程中对酒精的易感性，指出早期饮酒会导致长期风险，并呼吁要特别关注青少年饮酒问题。这种语气和反复的警告表明作者对青少年饮酒问题感到担忧。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高一上·山东淄博·期末）Parents often face challenges in encouraging their children to eat healthier, but a new study from Stanford researchers offers hope. The study, led by Jennifer Wang and Priya Fielding-Singh, was published in the Journal of Adolescent Health on May 14, 2024. The researchers find that when teens have health-related food rules at home, they are more likely to eat healthier on their own. To understand how teens make food decisions, Wang and Fielding-Singh surveyed 1,246 high school students from the San Francisco Bay Area. The students were asked about their eating habits and what their parents taught them about food. The findings showed that teens were generally aware of which foods were healthy and which were unhealthy — a fact that partents often ignore. But Wang and Fielding-Singh wanted to know more than just what teenagers thought about food. They wanted to see how teens acted when they thought their parents weren’t watching. Therefore, they conducted an experiment where students chose snacks with or without their parents’ agreement. Ten snack options were presented: five healthy and five less healthy. The results showed that teens with health-related food rules at home were more likely to pick healthy snacks, regardless of whether their parents were watching. “It is important for parents to understand whether food rules — and which ones — can help encourage healthy eating,” Wang said. The researchers found that rules centred on health — such as allowing junk food only on special occasions or requiring vegetables at dinner — were effective because they stressed the importance of considering healthiness when making food choices. On the other hand, rules unrelated to health, such as no cell phones at the table, had no impact on teens’ food decisions. “We hope these findings offer some encouragement for parents,” said Fielding-Singh. “Having clear do’s and don’ts about healthy eating at home may give kids a roadmap for making healthier choices when they are on their own.” 1．What is the main finding of the study? A．Family food rules matter. B．Parents’ guidance doesn’t work. C．Teens make food choices at will. D．Teens’ eating habits are unchangeable. 2．What was the purpose of the further experiment in paragraph 3? A．To strengthen the power of parents. B．To observe teens’ snack choices. C．To test the effect of the food rules. D．To examine common sense on healthy food. 3．Which rule was effective regarding food choices? A．Have some vegetables at dinner. B．Replace stable food with snacks. C．Limit screen time at the table. D．Allow much junk food. 4．What role did the family food rules play according to Fielding-Singh? A．Forcing kids to follow strict diets. B．Making kids interested in healthy food. C．Improving teens’ individual diets greatly. D．Guiding teens to make wise decisions independently. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学研究人员的一项研究，发现家中有与健康相关的食物规则时，青少年更可能自主选择健康饮食。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The researchers find that when teens have health related food rules at home, they are more likely to eat healthier on their own. (研究人员发现，当青少年在家中有与健康相关的食物规则时，他们更有可能自主选择更健康的饮食)”可知，研究发现家庭食物规则对青少年的健康饮食有重要影响，即家庭食物规则很重要。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“But Wang and Fielding-Singh wanted to know more than just what teenagers thought about food. They wanted to see how teens acted when they thought their parents weren’t watching. Therefore, they conducted an experiment where students chose snacks with or without their parents’ agreement. (但王和菲尔丁-辛格想知道的不仅仅是青少年对食物的看法。他们想看看青少年在认为父母没有监督时的行为。因此，他们进行了一项实验，让学生在有或没有父母同意的情况下选择零食)”和“The results showed that teens with health-related food rules at home were more likely to pick healthy snacks, regardless of whether their parents were watching.(结果显示，不管他们的父母是否在看着，在家里有健康饮食规则的青少年更有可能选择健康的零食)”可推知，该实验的目的是弄清楚孩子们在没有父母监督时的食物选择，即测试家庭食物规则的效果。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The researchers found that rules centred on health — such as allowing junk food only on special occasions or requiring vegetables at dinner — were effective because they stressed the importance of considering healthiness when making food choices. (研究人员发现，以健康为中心的规则，比如只在特殊场合允许吃垃圾食品或晚餐要求吃蔬菜，是有效的，因为它们强调了在选择食物时考虑健康的重要性)”可知，“晚餐吃一些蔬菜”这一规则对食物选择是有效的。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Fielding-Singh的话“Having clear do’s and don’ts about healthy eating at home may give kids a roadmap for making healthier choices when they are on their own. (在家中对健康饮食有明确的该做和不该做的规定，可能会给孩子们一个在独自生活时做出更健康选择的指引)”可知，根据菲尔丁-辛格的说法，家庭食物规则会给孩子们一个在独自生活时做出更健康选择的指引，即能引导青少年独立做出明智的饮食决策。故选D项。 话题5 科技与生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·云南昆明·期末）AI kitchens, once a concept of science fiction, are now a reality across the globe. These advanced kitchens use robots to perform a variety of tasks such as flipping hamburgers, frying chicken, creating pizzas, preparing salads, and baking bread. The mixture of artificial intelligence in these kitchens allows for the invention of recipes based on the molecular compatibility (分子兼容性) of ingredients. The benefits of AI-driven kitchens extend beyond mere convenience. AI kitchens enable chefs to be more creative, as well as removing repetitive, boring tasks such as washing the dishes or standing for hours. Not having to cook means being able to spend more time with family or focus on more urgent tasks. For personalized eating, AI can provide countless special diets on demand. However, there are also risks to human well-being. Cooking can be relaxing and provides opportunities for many things: gratitude, communication, adventure, independence, confidence and more, all of which may be lost if no one needs to cook. Family relationships could be affected if parents and children are no longer working together in the kitchen — a suitable space to chat, in contrast to what can feel like an interrogation (盘问) at the dining table. Moreover, the food service industry faces challenges as many workers may struggle to acquire new skills for different jobs, despite the hope that technology will create more jobs than it eliminates (消除). In conclusion, the rise of AI kitchens shows both opportunities and challenges. While they increase the efficiency and creativity in the culinary world (烹饪界), they also raise questions about society and family. The balance between developing technological advancements and preserving the human elements of cooking can’t be ignored. 1．How do AI kitchens enhance the creativity of chefs? A．By providing more ingredients. B．By inventing special recipes. C．By reducing cooking time. D．By offering cooking classes. 2．What is a negative impact of AI kitchens on family relationships? A．Increased cooking time. B．More time spent together. C．Loss of cooking as an interactive activity. D．Improved communication. 3．What is a challenge faced by the food service industry? A．Increased job opportunities. B．More diverse menu options. C．Lower food prices. D．Workers’ struggling to acquire new skills. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward AI kitchens? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Objective. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了人工智能厨房的兴起，分析了其带来的便利与创意提升，同时也指出了其对人类福祉、家庭关系以及食品服务行业可能产生的负面影响，并强调了平衡技术进步与保留烹饪人文元素的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The mixture of artificial intelligence in these kitchens allows for the invention of recipes based on the molecular compatibility (分子兼容性) of ingredients.(这些厨房中的人工智能混合技术使得根据食材的分子兼容性来发明食谱成为可能。)”和第二段“AI kitchens enable chefs to be more creative.(人工智能厨房让厨师更有创造力。)”可知，人工智能厨房通过发明特殊的食谱来提高厨师的创造力。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Family relationships could be affected if parents and children are no longer working together in the kitchen — a suitable space to chat, in contrast to what can feel like an interrogation (盘问) at the dining table.(如果父母和孩子不再一起在厨房工作，家庭关系可能会受到影响——厨房是一个适合聊天的空间，与餐桌上可能感觉像是在盘问的情况形成对比。)”可知，人工智能厨房对家庭关系的负面影响是失去了烹饪作为互动活动的乐趣。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover, the food service industry faces challenges as many workers may struggle to acquire new skills for different jobs, despite the hope that technology will create more jobs than it eliminates (消除).(此外，食品服务行业也面临着挑战，因为尽管人们希望技术能创造比消除更多的就业机会，但许多工人可能仍难以获得不同工作所需的新技能。)”可知，食品服务行业面临的挑战是工人难以获得新技能。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion, the rise of AI kitchens shows both opportunities and challenges. While they increases the efficiency and creativity in the culinary world (烹饪界), they also raise questions about society and family. The balance between developing technological advancements and preserving the human elements of cooking can’t be ignored.(总之，人工智能厨房的兴起既带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。虽然它们提高了烹饪界的效率和创造力，但也引发了关于社会和家庭的问题。发展技术进步与保留烹饪人文元素之间的平衡不容忽视。)”可知，作者对人工智能厨房的态度是客观的，既看到了其好处，也看到了其可能带来的问题。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·云南·期末）Google has linked its Bard artificial intelligence (AI) tool to its Gmail service and other company offerings. The American-based search engine company says the change will permit its users to easily use the AI technology across different product areas. Bard is a chatbot, which can help write articles and interact smoothly with humans. Such tools are also known as “large language models”. The first widely released (发布) chatbot was ChatGPT. It was launched (推出) by technology company OpenAI last year. Google announced the launch of its Bard tool last February. And soon Microsoft announced it was redesigning its Bing search engine to include OpenAl’s chatbot technology. Microsoft has spent billions of dollars on OpenAI. In an announcement Tuesday, Google said it had created a system that makes it possible for users to apply the AI tool to other company services, or apps. This brings Bard technology to Google products including Gmail, Drive, YouTube, Maps, etc. One example is a possible solution to someone planning a major family trip. In such a case, a series of Google apps can be used together with Bard. A user can ask Bard to use Google Flights to look up flight dates that would work for the trip. Bard can also be used to book available hotel rooms and connect with Google Maps to provide everyone with directions to the airport. And users could also use Bard to find YouTube videos of things to do during the trip. 1．What do we know about Bard? A．It was launched late last year. B．It can replace other AI services. C．It was released before ChatGPT. D．It can help humans write articles. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Microsoft. B．OpenAI. C．ChatGPT. D．Gmail. 3．How does the author develop the Last Paragraph? A．By following time order. B．By giving an example. C．By making comparisons. D．By listing numbers. 4．What can be the suitable title for the text? A．Google’s New AI Tool — Bard B．Google’s Bright Future — Gmail C．The World Will Be Changed by AI D．ChatGPT Will Be Widely Accepted 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍谷歌将Bard人工智能工具与旗下服务整合的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Bard is a chatbot, which can help write articles and interact smoothly with humans. (Bard是一款聊天机器人，可以帮助撰写文章并与人类进行流畅互动。)” 可知，Bard能帮助人类写文章。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The first widely released (发布) chatbot was ChatGPT. It was launched (推出) by technology company OpenAI last year. Google announced the launch of its Bard tool last February. And soon Microsoft announced it was redesigning its Bing search engine to include OpenAl's chatbot technology. (首个广泛发布的聊天机器人是ChatGPT，由科技公司OpenAI于去年推出。Google在去年2月宣布推出Bard工具。不久后，Microsoft宣布它将重新设计Bing搜索引擎，纳入OpenAI的聊天机器人技术。)”可知，it指代Microsoft。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One example is a possible solution to someone planning a major family trip. In such a case, a series of Google apps can be used together with Bard. A user can ask Bard to use Google Flights to look up flight dates that would work for the trip. Bard can also be used to book available hotel rooms and connect with Google Maps to provide everyone with directions to the airport. And users could also use Bard to find YouTube videos of things to do during the trip. (以计划一次大型家庭旅行为例，这一系统提供了可行的解决方案。在这种情况下，一系列Google应用程序可与Bard结合使用：用户可以让Bard调用Google Flights查询适合旅行的航班日期，也可以使用Bard预订可用的酒店房间，并连接Google Maps为所有人提供前往机场的路线。用户还可以通过Bard查找YouTube上关于旅行期间活动的视频。)”可知，作者通过举例子展开段落。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Google has linked its Bard artificial intelligence (AI) tool to its Gmail service and other company offerings. (Google已将Bard人工智能工具与其Gmail服务和其他公司产品连接。)”可知，文章围绕Google整合Bard技术展开，标题应为“Google’s New AI Tool — Bard (Google的新人工智能工具——Bard)”。故选 A。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·甘肃兰州·期末）The Internet has become an essential part of our daily lives. It allows us to communicate with people around the world, access information, and even do shopping. But do you know how it all works? The Internet is a global network of computers. When you type a website address into your browser, your computer sends a request through a series of cables and wireless connections. This request travels to a server, which is like a giant storage locker full of web pages. The server then sends back the information you asked for, and your browser displays it on your screen. Search engines play a crucial role in helping us find what we need on the Internet. For example, Google uses complex algorithms to scan billions of web pages and rank them according to relevance. When you search for a term, it presents you with a list of results that it thinks will be most useful. However, the Internet also has its downsides. One problem is the spread of false information. With so many people able to post content freely, it can be hard to tell what’s true and what’s not. Cybersecurity is another concern. Hackers can try to steal personal information or disrupt online services. 1．What is the Internet according to the text? A．A single computer. B．A local network. C．A global network of computers. D．A mobile phone system. 2．What does a server do when it receives a request? A．It ignores the request. B．It sends back the information asked for. C．It deletes the request. D．It forwards the request to another server. 3．Why are search engines important? A．They make the Internet run faster. B．They help us find useful information. C．They store all web pages. D．They protect our computers from hackers. 4．What are the problems of the Internet mentioned in the text? A．It’s too expensive to use. B．It has false information and cybersecurity issues. C．It’s difficult to connect to. D．It only has a few websites. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是互联网以及互联网的功能和存在的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Internet is a global network of computers.(互联网是一个全球性的计算机网络)”可知，互联网是一个全球计算机网络，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The server then sends back the information you asked for, and your browser displays it on your screen.(然后服务器发送回您所请求的信息，浏览器将其显示在屏幕上)”可知，服务器收到请求后会返回所请求的信息，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Search engines play a crucial role in helping us find what we need on the Internet.(搜索引擎在帮助我们在互联网上找到我们需要的东西方面起着至关重要的作用)”可知，搜索引擎帮助我们在互联网上找到所需信息，所以很重要，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, the Internet also has its downsides. One problem is the spread of false information. With so many people able to post content freely, it can be hard to tell what’s true and what’s not. Cybersecurity is another concern. Hackers can try to steal personal information or disrupt online services.(然而，互联网也有它的缺点。其中一个问题是虚假信息的传播。有这么多人可以自由发布内容，很难分辨哪些是真的，哪些是假的。网络安全是另一个问题。黑客可以试图窃取个人信息或破坏在线服务)”可知，文中提到互联网的问题是存在虚假信息以及网络安全问题，故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·四川成都·期末）You may find a lot of energy drinks in a store. People say these drinks can make people feel more energetic and think more clearly. These drinks have names like Red Bull, Monster, Ripped Force, Speed Stack and 5-Hour Energy. Young people like them very much. Scientists found three main things about the energy drinks. First there are hundreds of brands of energy drinks in most large countries. Second, the drinks are not clearly written with enough information. And third, the caffeine in the energy drinks is different greatly. Some have as little as fifty milligrams, others as much as five hundred. Too much caffeine is bad for our body. Some people put wine into energy drinks while drinking. They think they can drink more wine that way and it may not be bad for their body. But studies find that the wine still works. So the makers should write down clear information, such as how much caffeine it has and so on. For example, some makers of energy drinks give us advice. A popular energy drink asks pregnant women, women who are nursing a baby or children under the age of twelve not to drink. The study about energy drinks is still going on. They are now looking for young people who have had a bad feeling after drinking them. 1．Some people put wine into energy drinks because they think . A．it is good for health B．it is the most popular way C．the caffeine can be reduced D．in this way they can drink more wine 2．From the passage we know that if we drink energy drinks we should . A．drink only some famous brands B．read the information about them C．choose those with high caffeine D．find the date when it was made 3．Which of the following is true? A．Energy drinks are good for children and help them to think more clearly. B．Women having a baby should drink energy drinks instead of wine. C．Not all brands of energy drinks provide enough information for the consumers. D．Energy drinks of different brands have the same amount of caffeine. 4．What kinds of people are needed for the study about energy drinks? A．Young consumers who have had a bad feeling after drinking energy drinks. B．Energy drink makers who know how to write clear information. C．Young scientists who have conducted such experiments before. D．Children under the age of twelve who have benefited from energy drinks. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了饮用能量饮料应该谨慎，说明了其三个特点以及注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some people put wine into energy drinks while drinking. They think they can drink more wine that way and it may not be bad for their body.(有些人在喝能量饮料的时候会往里面兑酒。他们认为这样一来他们就能喝更多的酒，而且这或许对他们的身体也没有坏处)”可知，有些人把酒加到能量饮料里是因为他们认为这样可以喝更多的酒。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“So the makers should write down clear information, such as how much caffeine it has and so on. For example, some makers of energy drinks give us advice. A popular energy drink asks pregnant women, women who are nursing a baby or children under the age of twelve not to drink.(所以生产商应该写下清晰的信息，比如咖啡因的含量等等。例如，一些功能饮料制造商给我们建议。一种流行的能量饮料要求孕妇、哺乳期妇女或12岁以下儿童不要饮用)”可推知，如果我们喝功能饮料，我们应该阅读有关它们的信息。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Second, the drinks are not clearly written with enough information.(第二，这些饮料并未清晰地标注足够的信息)”可知，C选项“不是所有品牌的能量饮料都能为消费者提供足够的信息”正确。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The study about energy drinks is still going on. They are now looking for young people who have had a bad feeling after drinking them.(关于能量饮料的研究仍在继续。他们现在正在寻找那些在饮用能量饮料后有不适感觉的年轻人)”可知，能量饮料的研究需要饮用功能饮料后有不良感觉的年轻消费者。故选A。 话题6 环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建莆田·期末）Beneath the waves of the Coral Sea, a team of scientists and students is working on a unique project: growing coral reefs to restore damaged ecosystems. Coral reefs are home to 25% of marine species, but many are dying due to climate change and pollution.​ The project starts in a lab, where scientists grow coral fragments in tanks. Students help monitor water temperature and pH levels, ensuring the conditions are perfect. Once the corals are strong enough, they’re transported to the ocean and attached to metal frames on the seabed.​ “It’s painstaking work,” says marine biologist Dr. Rivera. “Each coral takes months to grow, and we have to protect them from predators like crown-of-thorns starfish.” But the effort is worth it. Last year, a section of reef they planted showed 30% growth, and fish have started returning to the area.​ Students involved in the project gain hands-on experience in marine biology. “I never thought I’d be scuba diving to plant coral,” says 17-year-old Maya. “It’s one thing to learn about ecosystems in class, but another to actually help restore them.”​ Dr. Rivera is optimistic about the future. “We’re not just restoring coral reefs; we’re restoring hope,” she says. “Every new coral fragment we plant is a step towards a healthier ocean, and that’s something worth fighting for.” With continued dedication, collaboration, and innovation, the team is proving that it’s possible to reverse the damage done to these vital ecosystems, one coral at a time.​ 1．Why are coral reefs important?​ A．They are a source of food for humans.​ B．They are home to 25% of marine species.​ C．They protect coastlines from storms.​ D．They are used to make medicine.​ 2．Where do scientists grow coral fragments first?​ A．On metal frames in the ocean.​ B．In tanks in a lab.​ C．In shallow pools near the beach.​ D．In special greenhouses on land.​ 3．What do students help with in the lab?​ A．Designing metal frames for coral.​ B．Scuba diving to plant coral.​ C．Monitoring water temperature and pH levels.​ D．Protecting coral from predators.​ 4．What can we learn from Maya’s words? A．She dislikes learning about ecosystems in class B．She never wants to scuba dive again C．Practical experience is different from classroom learning D．She thinks restoring ecosystems is impossible 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家与学生团队在珊瑚海开展珊瑚礁修复项目的实践过程，结合学生参与体验与科学家观点，阐述了项目对生态恢复的意义及面临的挑战，同时传递了通过科学行动保护海洋生态的积极信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Coral reefs are home to 25% of marine species, but many are dying due to climate change and pollution.​ (珊瑚礁是25%的海洋物种的家园，但由于气候变化和污染，许多珊瑚礁正逐渐消亡。)”可知，珊瑚礁的重要性在于它们是25%的海洋物种的栖息地。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The project starts in a lab, where scientists grow coral fragments in tanks.(这个项目始于实验室，科学家们在水箱中培育珊瑚碎片。)”可知，科学家首先在实验室的水箱中培育珊瑚碎片。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Students help monitor water temperature and pH levels, ensuring the conditions are perfect.(学生们帮忙监测水温与pH值，确保环境条件适宜。)”可知，学生在实验室里帮忙监测水温与pH值。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I never thought I’d be scuba diving to plant coral,” says 17-year-old Maya. “It’s one thing to learn about ecosystems in class, but another to actually help restore them.”​(“我从没想过自己会戴着水肺潜水去种植珊瑚，”17岁的Maya说，“在课堂上学习生态系统是一回事，而真正参与修复它们又是另一回事。”)”可知，Maya认为在课堂上学习生态系统和实际参与修复它们是不同的，即实践经验与课堂学习有所不同。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期末）A fairy penguin, also known as a little penguin, lives on the coastal areas of southern Australia and New Zealand. Fairy penguins are important to the ecosystem because they eat fish, which benefits the ocean’s food chain balance. They also help fertilize (施肥) the land with their waste, which helps plants grow. But pollution causes a threat to them. Plastic waste in the ocean can harm the penguins by getting caught around their necks or in stomachs, leading to injury or death. Plastic pollution is a growing problem in our oceans, and it is having a serious impact on the health of sea life, including penguins. The digestion of plastic waste can lead to hunger and other health problems. Studies have found that penguins have digested plastic waste such as bottle caps and fishing lines. Plastic debris (碎片) can be mistaken by penguins, as it can resemble food in size, shape and color. Once eaten, the plastic remains in their stomachs, causing blockages, which can impact the penguins’ overall health. Plastic waste can also affect the behavior of fairy penguins. Studies have shown that plastic pollution can have an effect on the normal behavior of penguins, leading to decreased food intake and reduced reproductive success. The digestion of plastic waste has also been found to cause stress in penguins, leading to changed behavior and a decreased ability to cope with other stress. To deal with the issue of plastic pollution, conservation (保护) work has been done to protect the penguins. These efforts include protecting their habitats, reducing pollution, cleaning the beach and educating people about how they can help. Scientists are also working to better understand the impacts of climate change so they can develop more effective ways. Some efforts have already had success, such as reducing oil pollution and protecting breeding sites. However, these are far from enough. We must take early action to reduce pollution and address climate change, not just for the penguins, but for all sea lives. 1．Which statement about fairy penguins will the author probably disagree with? A．They are endangered animals. B．They contribute to plants growing. C．They might get injured by plastic waste. D．They help keep the ocean’s food balanced. 2．What does the underlined word “resemble” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Cut off. B．Look like. C．Depend on. D．Crash into. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2 and 3? A．The efforts made to protect penguins. B．The ways to solve plastic pollution. C．The causes of plastic waste in the ocean. D．The effects of plastic pollution on penguins. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The efforts made haven’t yet got good results. B．More efforts need to be done to protect penguins. C．Some conservation ways are difficult to carry out. D．The impacts of climate change haven’t been understood. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是仙女企鹅面临的塑料污染威胁及其影响，以及为保护这些企鹅和海洋生态系统所采取的措施。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Fairy penguins are important to the ecosystem because they eat fish, which benefits the ocean’s food chain balance. They also help fertilize (施肥) the land with their waste, which helps plants grow. But pollution causes a thr$ 专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活（重点） 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科技与生活 话题3 友谊 话题6 环境保护 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建漳州·期末）“You’re fired! ” Andrew Chilton wasn’t joking. At that moment, he wanted his personal caregiver, Christy Chachere, out of his life forever. He didn’t want her to tell him he could write his own term papers. Christy didn’t give way. Andrew’s outcry was like music to her ears. “Progress!” she continued to encourage him. When Andrew was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) at age eight, his mother, Cindy, was told to “get him on the list” for a caregiver to provide after-school care. However, in their city, the need for a caregiver was far higher than the supply. It was eight years before they were matched with Christy. In the beginning, Andrew’s family did their best to shelter him from life’s difficulties. “I worry about him,” Cindy said. Would he ever have a job and live independently? Cindy would do anything for her son. “You have to let him fail,” Christy told the family. “It’s the only way he’s going to learn — to be able to do things on his own.” No longer would Cindy write Andrew’s papers for him. Christy wouldn’t be helping him with homework, either. It was a little scary to step back. But everyone was on board, except Andrew. He complained (抱怨) loudly at times. But then things began to change. Christy wouldn’t do his papers for him. But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to deal with failures and difficulties, and how to break work down into small pieces so as not to feel too stressed. One step at a time, Andrew gained independence. He graduated from high school and entered community college. And he stopped trying to fire Christy. She’s been with him for six years now. This past summer, Andrew was a counselor (顾问) at a camp for kids with autism. Now, he’s studying to pass the driving test. Andrew says life has never been better. 1．Why did it take so long for Andrew’s family to match Christy? A．Andrew didn’t want to accept help. B．Andrew wasn’t on the list for a caregiver. C．His family tried to shelter him themselves. D．Caregivers were in great demand in their city. 2．How did Christy get Andrew improved? A．By finishing tasks for him. B．By planning his schedules. C．By providing instructions. D．By giving all-day care. 3．Which of the following best describes Christy according to the text? A．Considerate but overprotective. B．Confident but self-centered. C．Strict and adventurous. D．Wise and supportive. 4．Which would be the best title for the text? A．Caring for autistic children in the community. B．Gaining independence with a guiding hand. C．Family’s support in the growth path. D．Challenges of living with autism. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广西柳州·期末）I like all my teachers, but I think my English teacher, Grace, is my favorite teacher. Grace is from England. But she loves Chengdu very much. She thinks Chengdu is great. She loves Sichuan food. Do you know what she likes for breakfast? Bread or milk? No, she doesn’t. She only has some salad. Hot pot (火锅) is her favorite and she always eats it on Saturday and Sunday. Grace has a daughter and a son. Her daughter’s name is Mary. Her son’s name is Jack. They are 8 years old. They are in the same school. They like hot pot, too. They are all in Chengdu now. We have English classes from Monday to Friday. So Grace is very busy. But she is always nice and happy. All my classmates like her and her classes very much. She often plays English games and sings English songs with us. When we have questions, we like to ask hat for help. Now I think I can do well in English because I have the best (最好的) English teacher, Grace. 1．What does Grace only have for breakfast? A．Salad. B．Hot pot. C．Bread. D．Milk. 2．Who likes hot pot very much? A．Jack. B．Mary. C．Grace. D．Mary, Jack and Grace. 3．From the passage (文章), what can we know? A．I like Grace, but she isn’t my favorite teacher. B．Grace’s daughter and son don’t go to the same school. C．We have English classes from Monday to Friday. D．We can’t ask Grace for help because she is very busy. 4．What’s the best title (最好标题) ? A．Grace’s Family. B．My Favorite Teacher. C．Grace, an English Star. D．Grace and I. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海松江·期末）Some classrooms in Taft Elementary in California have a common weakness: They don’t have windows. That’s true for Earnest’s fifth grade classroom. “Most of the day, my students are inside and don’t really see any green trees or grass,” Earnest told CBS News. He worries that the dull classroom environment has harmful effects on his students. Rodriguez, a former school psychologist (a professional in school to support students’ learning and teachers’ teaching) and now a photographer, is focusing on landscape photography. He knows clearly the effect which nature has on mental health and told CBS News that the lack of sight of trees or grasses is a problem and being in and around nature does students much good, including helping to improve their test scores and control over moods. Rodriguez had managed to design hospital walls where he could print landscapes to brighten dull rooms. He also attempted to bring nature into classrooms, but his former working experience warned him against touching walls in classrooms, which belong to the teachers. Soon, Rodriguez had an aha moment — to bring landscapes into classrooms through the ceilings! He used his photography skills to take 360-degree shots of tree canopies (树冠) and fitted them onto classroom ceilings. So when the students looked up, they felt like sitting under a tree. He even created a project called “Nature in the Classroom” and has given his photos of tree canopies to schools in 10 different areas for free. CBS News was there when Rodriguez uncovered the canopy to Earnest’s fifth grade students. “Beautiful,” one student said as she entered the room. Another expressed that seeing the green tree leaves brought him peace. Earnest believed that the new addition would increase students’ willingness to come into the classroom, among other great things. “This is a marriage of both my jobs as a school psychologist and a photographer,” Rodriguez said. 1．What makes Earnest worry about his students? A．That they can’t see nature in the classroom. B．That their school is very dully decorated. C．That they don’t have interest in his classes. D．That their love for nature is disappearing. 2．The aha moment in paragraph 3 refers to a moment when Rodriguez ________. A．found the importance of landscapes B．noticed the differences among ceilings C．got a new idea to improve classrooms D．learned ways to take up teachers’ corner 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．teachers often have great ideas to deal with classroom walls B．both Rodriguez’s jobs play a significant role in his marriage C．photographers do more good to schools than psychologists do D．Earnest appreciated Rodriguez’s change of classroom ceilings 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Mistaking Nature for Furniture B．From Walls to Ceilings C．Bringing Green into Classrooms D．From Psychologist to Photographer Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期末）When 12-year-old Nina Mones was in sixth grade, she struggled to keep up with her math class. And as the teacher pushed ahead with new lessons, she fell further and further behind. Then in the fall of 2019, her school, the Phoenix International Academy, brought in Teach to One 360. “I’m in seventh grade now,” Nina proudly said. “It gave me more confidence in myself.” “This is a model for personalized learning,” said Sheldon H. Jacobson, professor of computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Teach to One 360, and similar systems, often use data analytics (分析) to follow students’ progress, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and adjust teaching methods accordingly. This not only helps students achieve their learning goals more effectively but also encourages a more interactive learning environment. Until 2020, 27 schools across 11 states have adopted Teach to One. Still, getting schools to sign on to the program has been a challenge. Some teachers are unwilling to try new teaching methods, while others worry that these new forms of technology could perhaps lead to the elimination of their jobs. Schools are often under pressure to follow a traditional curriculum (课程) with textbooks and teacher-led classes to ensure that they cover the content needed for standardized tests. Many worry that turning away from traditional practices could affect test results, which would then affect school rankings and the funding these schools receive. There is also the cost of purchasing the program, buying computers for students, adding math teachers, and reconstructing classrooms to meet the requirements of different teaching methods. The total costs involved with such programs can vary dramatically, with most school systems having to depend on grants (拨款) in order to cover them. “You can have the best program in the world, but if you don’t have good operation of it, it’s all for nothing,” said Alfred Cordova, the principal at Taos Middle School. 1．The example of Nina Mones is mentioned in the first paragraph to ________. A．promote an app B．introduce the topic C．express an opinion D．show a difficult situation 2．What is the second paragraph mainly about?? A．How the program works. B．Why the program appeals to students. C．Why the program could change the role of school. D．How the program will help reduce students’ burdens. 3．What are some of the challenges schools face when adopting Teach to One 360? A．Teachers are eager to try new teaching methods. B．Schools have plenty of funding to support the program. C．Traditional textbooks and teacher-led classes are no longer required. D．Some teachers are unwilling to change and worry about job security. 4．What is Alfred Cordova’s attitude towards the future of personalized learning? A．Hopeful. B．Uncertain. C．Negative. D．Concerned. 话题2 亲子关系Passage 1 （24-25高一上·四川宜宾·期末）It was a regular Monday when I received an email from my son's school about a coming science fair. At first, I thought, “Great! I can't wait to see the project of my son, Tim, ” The thought of colorful displays and creative ideas excited me. However, as I read further, my excitement quickly turned to anxiety. Not only were students required to present their projects, but parents were expected to participate as well! This unexpected change left me feeling upset. “Oh, no. I'm not good at science and I haven't done a project since I was in school. How can I help him? ” I was also worried about how my lack of experience might affect my son and his chance to shine. That evening, my son came home full of excitement, “Dad, this is going to be wonderful. We should make a volcano that erupts! ” And so, we began our project with some online research and a trip to the store for supplies. I realized that our project might be displayed for everyone to see and any mistake could be embarrassing. Our first attempt at building the volcano was a disaster. Fast forward to the weekend, and it was time for a practice run at school. I expected the other parents to be as confused as I was. I was wrong! They were so prepared that they could be scientists themselves. The pressure was on. Over the next few days, we worked hard and our project improved. My son was excited, and I started to enjoy the process, too. The day of the science fair arrived, and my nervousness faded (消退). It turns out that concentrating on having fun with my son was the best way to overcome my worries. Plus, seeing his smile made everything worth it. Reflecting on the experience, I realized it had brought us closer. It was the first time my son and I had created something together. I now look forward to more projects in the future. 1．How did the author feel shortly after receiving the email? A．Upset. B．Excited. C．Anxious. D．Embarrassed. 2．What could be inferred about Tim? A．He took an active part in the project. B．Obviously, he lacked self-confidence. C．He relied heavily on his father for ideas. D．He found the project too hard to complete. 3．What helped get rid of the author's worries? A．Good preparations for the science fair. B．Focus on working with his son together. C．His awareness that effort mattered more. D．Completing the project without mistakes. 4．What did the author realize after the science fair? A．Three heads are better than one. B．Those who are determined will succeed. C．The spirit of science is to keep trying. D．The experience strengthened father-son tie. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东东莞·期末）Hearing from an old friend you’ve lost touch with can be a nice surprise. But when it comes to who will send the message first to get reconnected, most people just can’t make up their mind. According to a new study, everyone expects to rebuild old friendships, but surprisingly we are often afraid to take the first step. The study has also provided helpful suggestions on picking up old friendships. The researchers conducted a survey of almost 530 people. As the findings showed, over 90 percent of them said that they could think of a long-lost friend and would like to speak with him again. However, when they were asked to send a message, only about one out of ten actually did. “We all know that trying to change people’s minds might not be the best practice,” says Nora Marshal, lead researcher of the study. “Instead of changing people’s minds, we needed to change their behavior.” The research team came up with a new strategy, which was tested out by conducting a “warm-up” practice. One group spent three minutes sending messages to their present friends, while the other group spent three minutes watching videos on their phones. Then, everyone was asked to write and send a message to an old friend. The practice task proved successful: 62 percent of those who had warmed up did send the message — a two-thirds increase over those who hadn’t. By contrast, only 11 percent of those watching videos reached out to an old friend. So why is getting old friends reconnected difficult and we need to practise some warm-ups first? Over time, old friends can start to feel like strangers. That is why people feel worried about reconnecting. “We advise people not to overthink the situation and just press’ send’,” said Nora. “Just take their friend’s position and think about how much they would appreciate receiving a note from an old friend.” 1．What does the new study show? A．People are afraid to lose their old friends. B．People seldom hear from their old friends. C．People are unwilling to pick up their old friendship. D．People usually don’t dare to contact old friends first. 2．How did the researchers get the findings? A．By carrying out a survey. B．By discussing with 530 people. C．By teaming up with other groups. D．By comparing people’s minds and behavior. 3．What is the key step of the new strategy? A．Changing people’s minds. B．Reading some warm-up messages. C．Watching videos related to friendship. D．Contacting present friends to warm up. 4．What is Nora Marshal’s suggestion for us? A．Appreciate your friend’s efforts. B．Be brave to reach out to strangers. C．Feel free to reconnect our old friends. D．Consider carefully before taking action. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·湖南怀化·期末）A father in Southwest China’s Chongqing spent eight years building a real miniature steam train for his autistic (自闭症的) son. After primary school, the son named Hanghang was forced to drop out because he couldn’t catch up in classes and also had difficulty communicating with other children. As his parents have day jobs, Hanghang spent most of his time staring at the TV screen with his grandmother. He developed a fascination for miniature trains in animated programs. Seeing this, Li Jiawei, an electrician, had an idea: to build a real miniature train for his son. So whenever he was free, Li would closely observe the steam trains and asked professionals at railway stations about the machinery. Later, someone gave him a book called Steam Locomotives. He spent three months learning how to draw blueprints using software. Because the process was complex and the demand low, factories were unwilling to produce parts for the train. Li had no choice but to make the parts himself. At times he thought about giving up, but he chose to continue. Over eight years, Li spent more than 200,000 yuan testing the machine more than a thousand times. Finally in 2021 he built the first miniature train for his son. As he continued work to improve the train, Li noticed Hanghang also changed. “My son improved little by little. He was no longer afraid of strangers and becoming more cheerful and lively,” Li recalled. The 15-year-old often confidently introduces his beloved miniature trains to others. Thanks to his inspiring story, Hanghang got a job at a tourism site near his father’s hometown driving his miniature train. Train tickets have become Hanghang’s “income”, but it is free for children with disabilities. “I hope society can be more tolerant and caring toward children with autism. I hope while my son lives a happy life, he can also bring happiness to others,” Li said. 1．What can we know about Hanghang from the first two paragraphs? A．His love for miniature trains mainly came from the book he read. B．His parents were so busy with work that he had to stay at home alone. C．He didn’t fall behind others at school though he suffered from autism. D．His father loved him and decided to build a real miniature train for him. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The great efforts Li Jiawei made to build the train. B．The support and help others offered to Li Jiawei. C．The reason why factories refused to produce parts. D．The positive changes that took place in Hanghang. 3．Which words can best describe Li Jiawei? A．Curious and creative. B．Loving and strong-willed. C．Smart and humorous. D．Sociable and energetic. 4．What does Li Jiawei’s story convey? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Care and hard work bring opportunities. C．A father’s love for his children is powerful. D．A small kindness makes a difference to others. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期末）As people age, they often share common desires: to remain in their own homes, to maintain their independence for as long as possible, and to rely on family and friends for support when necessary. This concept (概念) of staying in their home as they age is known as “aging in place”. However, many older adults and their families have concerns about safety and daily activities. When Weakley lived 400 miles from her 82-year-old grandmother, Janet Dibkey, who was living alone and showing early signs of memory loss, the long distance and lack of care brought Weakley constant worry. Janet Dibkey is among more than 90% of older adults who want to spend their later years in their own homes. Weakley is one of more than 53 million Americans as a caregiver. She is also a researcher helping older Americans maintain independence through communication tools and technology. Created in partnership with caregivers and other experts, Weakley designed the Interactive Care Platform, or I-Care, to connect older adults experiencing mental disability to their family members who live apart for support in completing these important daily activities, such as managing medicine, paying bills on time and remembering to attend appointments. I-Care has a homepage that lists weather conditions, upcoming events and recent caregiver messages, and a calendar that can be changed by both the care receiver and caregiver. Besides, there is a messaging center where care partners can send messages and make video calls and a goals section where individuals can track brain health behaviors such as exercise and cognitive (认知) engagement. “Dr. Weakley’s creative work is very exciting because she is using technology to support families in ways that are both practical and meaningful. It addresses social isolation and loneliness in the care receiver and stress and worry in the caregiver, which is important for well-being in daily life for both people with memory loss and their families,” a reporter from USA Today said. 1．What do we learn about older people according to paragraph 1? A．They aren’t concerned about safety. B．They only depend on family for care. C．They prefer to stay in their homes. D．They don’t have enough daily activities. 2．Why was Weakley worried about her grandmother? A．Her grandmother wanted to live on her own. B．Her grandmother suffered from a serious disease. C．She couldn’t live up to her grandmother’s expectations. D．She couldn’t look after her grandmother for living far. 3．Which of the following best describes I-Care? A．It ensures the safety of older people. B．It provides effective medical treatment. C．It prevents memory loss of older members. D．It benefits both older people and their families. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．I-Care Helping Older Adults Age in Place. B．New Tech Changing the Life of Older People. C．I-Care Reducing the Stress of the Elderly People. D．New Tech Treating Older Adults for Memory Loss. Passage 5 （24-25高一上·山东威海·期末）I don’t remember a time in my life when I didn’t have Laura. Our houses were down the road from each other. From my earliest memory, I would walk the path to hers, and she would walk it to mine. If we timed it right, we’d meet somewhere in the middle. We didn’t have cell phones back then, and I don’t remember calling each other much on the house phones either. We’d just show up. Most of my childhood memories are with Laura. We wrote secret notes and left them in trees to rediscover later and we’d name fishes at the pond. Occasionally we would disagree, and one of us would walk home, but we’d always show up again a few hours later. The beauty of childhood friendships, of course, is that we are completely ourselves in them. I didn’t need to dress a certain way for Laura; she didn’t need to agree on everything. If one of us was tired, we would say so. If one of us didn’t feel like talking for a while, we didn’t. It was all quite simple. As adults, friendships can be more complicated than they were in childhood. We have to consider how our words and behaviors affect others. If you are an over-thinker like me, an evening of socializing might end with a series of thoughts: Should I have said that? Did I take that the wrong way? Why didn’t I say that differently? Those thoughts, although necessary at times, can also be tiring. If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura, I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real. There’s something magical about those childhood friendships. There is something special about them that is beyond just nostalgia (怀旧). Perhaps that something is the truthfulness of it. 1．What is the key to her friendship with Laura according to the author? A．Being themselves. B．Agreeing on everything. C．Sharing similar interests. D．Communicating regularly. 2．What does the author think of adult friendships? A．They are long-lasting. B．They can lead to overthinking. C．They are more realistic. D．They can bring new thoughts. 3．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Childhood friendships are worth remembering. B．Being real plays an important role in friendships. C．Nostalgia adds to the magic of childhood friendships. D．Friendships are only meaningful when they are perfect. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What we can learn from childhood friendships. B．Friendship matters for both children and adults. C．How childhood friendships develop into adult ones. D．The differences between childhood and adult friendships. 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·浙江丽水·期末）During evenings spent with her crafting (手工艺) group, Kate Smith has produced a host of lovely pieces: hand-made bags, summer dresses, and even jewellery. But the thing she’s most proud of creating is a group of close friends that value each other’s company. The four members of the group, Smith, Ratnett, Jenny and Clark, whose children were of the similar ages, first met at the school gate in the village of Marshfield. Later Smith ran a shop called Makery, selling craft materials and running in-store workshops. When the four got chatting, it turned out that they all showed interest in crafting and had all popped into the shop at one time or another. From then on, they have been meeting regularly to get crafty, taking it in turns to host at home. During their craft nights, the group will either work on their own projects or deal with a craft task together. Everyone will bring something delicious to eat, always Clark’s famous homemade bread, sometimes chocolates or a bottle of prosecco. But although all four women love to get their craft on, the real highlight of the evening is the chance to catch up. “We’ll give each other a big hug when we see each other,” says Smith. “Sometimes we’ll have a lot going on at home, but at our crafting evenings we can just let it all out. We don’t have to pretend everything is all right. I get a huge sense of comfort from asking their opinions on things, and we love sharing and learning new skills together. It’s a safe space filled with lovely people, and just really therapeutic (治愈的).” With Clark due to move back to her native New Zealand in November, the group plans to meet as regularly as they can in the run-up, and continue their meetings via video call once she’s overseas. As Christmas approaches, they’re also planning to keep up their crafting traditions. 1．What does Smith take greatest pride in about her crafting group? A．The creation of beautiful craftwork. B．The chance to improve crafting skills. C．The close relationship among friends. D．The lifelong company of the members. 2．What brought the four members together in Makery? A．Their children of similar ages. B．Their shared interest in crafting. C．Their common habit in shopping. D．Their idea of running workshops. 3．What is the best part of the crafting evenings? A．Supporting each other. B．Enjoying delicious food. C．Improving new art skills. D．Working on their project. 4．Which of the following is the group’s future plan? A．They will move together soon. B．They will meet every Christmas. C．They will travel to New Zealand. D．They will keep their traditions alive. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）Timeless and meaningful friendships are central to the human experience, and we have been honoring these special relationships for thousands of years. One of the ways people have marked these bonds is by exchanging gifts. Here are the stories of the symbols and traditions that have honored friendships throughout history and around the world. In the 16th century, Dutch theologian Erasmus offered his friends paintings, books, and ancient coins, which became a kind of currency of friendship among early modern humanists. By the 18th and 19th centuries in Ireland, the Claddagh ring had gained attention as a symbol of both love and friendship: the heart on the ring represents (代表) love, while the clasped hands represent friendship. By the 18th century, friends were exchanging locks of hair, which degrades very slowly. Like friendship, so the belief went, hair seemed to be everlasting. George Washington even gifted his hair to some of his close friends, including fellow founding father Alexander Hamilton. Throughout the 19th century, friends exchanged friendship brooches (胸针). They sometimes featured ivy flowers, which Victorians associated with loyalty, and the phrase, “Nothing can separate me from you.” As one advertisement for friendship brooches said in 1913, the brooch’s circular shape was, “like friendship, endless”. By the end of the 20th century, a new friendship symbol and gift-giving practice took hold: friendship bracelets, which tend to be brightly colored and woven. No one knows exactly where friendship bracelets came from or how the tradition started, but they may have their roots in woven bracelets from Central America. All these show an idea that’s been around forever: It’s great to find someone who understands you in this big world, and it’s something worth celebrating. 1．What did Erasmus offer his friends in the 16th century? A．Ivy flowers and woven bracelets. B．Paintings, books, and ancient coins. C．Friendship bracelets and locks of hair. D．Claddagh rings and friendship brooches. 2．What can we know about the Claddagh ring in Ireland? A．It was only worn by men. B．It was expensive and hard to get. C．It was made of gold and diamonds. D．It represented both love and friendship. 3．What can be inferred about the tradition of exchanging locks of hair? A．It was a way to show long life. B．It was a practice limited to the 18th century. C．It was a common practice only among the wealthy. D．It was believed to symbolize everlasting friendship. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．How celebrities make friends B．How people celebrate friendship C．The history of friendship symbols D．The importance of celebrating friendships Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末）As I was about to head back to my room, my mom called out, “Emma, you’ve got mail.” Excited, I hurried downstairs and saw a small envelope waiting for me on the table. It was from my pen pal, Sarah, who lives in San Francisco. We met online through a group for book lovers, and after hearing others talk about how fun it was to have a pen pal, we decided to try it ourselves. In her first letter to me, she wrote, “The idea of having a pen pal seems so romantic to me.While I appreciate the conveniences of the modern world, certain traditions carry a timeless beauty.” I couldn’t agree more. My love for handwritten notes wasn’t new. I’ve always enjoyed writing personal letters to friends. When I graduated from high school, I even wrote to each of my friends, reflecting on our memories and wishing them well as we went our separate ways. But my exchange with Sarah felt different. We were strangers getting to know each other through letters. Sarah told me that she loves baking and that her favorite thing to make is chocolate chip cookies. She also said she enjoys watching sunsets by the beach and that she thinks they’re the most peaceful moments of her day. From her letters, I learned a lot about San Francisco, too. In return, I shared stories about my life in Boston. I also told her about my favorite season, fall, and how the trees turn beautiful shades of red and orange. Writing to Sarah has become a cherished hobby. While texting or emailing is quick, there’s something magical about opening a handwritten letter. The thoughtful choice of words and the care behind each detail make it unique. I look forward to every envelope that arrives, knowing it carries a bit of Sarah’s world into mine. 1．What led Emma to begin writing letters to Sarah? A．Fondness of handwritten letters. B．Inspiration by other people’s experiences. C．Eagerness to know more about each other. D．Longing for a completely different lifestyle. 2．Why did Emma mention writing letters to her high school friends? A．To compare her habits on letter writing. B．To express her aims at writing letters. C．To reveal her joy from letter writing. D．To highlight her efforts to write letters. 3．What does Emma think of letter writing? A．An activity to collect information. B．A strategy to join others’ social circles. C．A fight against the overuse of Internet. D．A way to make close personal connection. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title of the text? A．The Touch of Ink B．The Timeless Charm of Letters C．From Memories to Messages D．From San Francisco to Boston Passage 4 （23-24高一上·湖南长沙·期末）A few years ago, it seemed like Taylor Swift never went anywhere without a large group of friends. No matter what event she attended, a list squad (小队) — which included famous people like Selena Gomez, Zen d and God Ha did — would be right by her side. But now Swift wants fans to know that her friendships weren’t as perfect as she tried to make people believe. In fact, she says she was using her friend group to hide her insecurity (不安全) of feeling “uncool” and “unpopular”. Swift says she went out of her way to show off her squad because she didn’t have many friends when she was younger — a memory that still bothered her years later. “Never being popular as a kid was always an insecurity for me,” she says. When she became famous, Swift became obsessed (沉迷) with showing off her popularity. “In my twenties, I found myself surrounded by girls who wanted to be my friends,” Swift explains. “So I celebrated my newfound acceptance into a sisterhood.” But by constantly putting her friends on display, Swift failed to consider how bad her fans might feel about themselves because they didn’t have a squad like hers. “I didn’t realize that other people might still feel the way I did when I felt so alone,” she says. As she became older and more confident in herself, Swift started focusing on the quality of her friends, not the quantity (数量). She says she finally understands that the size of her group doesn’t mean how “cool” she is. To her, it’s much more important to have a few friends who can be trusted rather than a large group of “fair-weather” friends. While Swift still values her friends she has in her life, she no longer feels the pressure to show off them for the sake of impressing others. “For too long, the opinions of strangers affected how I viewed things. But now I learn not to let outside opinions affect my own life choices.” 1．What made Swift know old list squad? A．The popularity of her friends. B．Her childhood experience. C．The support of her fans. D．Her strong social influence. 2．What does paragraph 4 intend to tell us? A．We should make real friends. B．It is important to trust our friends. C．Our friends can affect our behavior. D．There are many ways of making friends. 3．What does the underlined word “sake” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Request. B．Advice. C．Method. D．Purpose. 4．From which is the text probably taken? A．A scientific report. B．A social newspaper. C．A travel magazine. D．A movie poster. 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·湖南·期末）A nutrient-rich (营养丰富) diet with few added sugars may slow rates of biological aging in women, a new research suggests. Scientists found that middle-aged women who ate more foods packed with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants (抗氧化物) had “younger-looking” cells than those who had less healthy diets. They judged whether a cell was young by looking at methyl (甲基) groups, on the surface of DNA． The pattern of these methyl groups changes as we age, which is believed to increase cellular aging. “Sugars are linked to worsened health and early disease possibly more than any other food factor.” co-author Elissa Epel, a professor at the University of California, said in a statement. Epel and her colleagues analyzed food records of 342 women over three days. The team then scored each woman’s diet based on how closely it followed various established diets: While nutrient-rich diets were tied to slowed aging, added sugars seemed to control the effect. In the study, women who consumed higher amounts of added sugars showed signs of faster cellular aging compared to others, even if they ate other healthy diets. “Added sugars” refer to sugars that are added to food during production such as those in sugared drinks and baked goods, as opposed to the naturally occurring sugars found in milk, fruits and vegetables. The new study is one of the first to demonstrate a link between added sugar consumption and cellular aging, the authors said. The team calculated the participants’ ages by looking at the DNA methylation of cells with samples. These data showed the links between diet and cellular aging, but they were only a tip of the iceberg. In fact, more research is needed to assess how following these diets might affect aging in the long run. 1．What can we learn from the study? A．A balanced diet is linked to people’s health. B．A low-sugar healthy diet may delay women’s aging. C．The sugary food has no effect on the women’s body. D．The added sugars slow down people’s biological aging. 2．Which of the following food may make cells age faster according to paragraph 3? A．Pure milk. B．Chinese cabbage. C．Birthday cakes. D．Fresh watermelons. 3．How did Epel and her colleagues conduct their study? A．By giving an example. B．By introducing a concept. C．By making a comparison. D．By raising some questions. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The study lacks further support. B．There are data errors in the study. C．People’s age can be changed by diet. D．Sugary diet affects health in the long run. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·山东菏泽·期末）You probably know better than to eat a strawberry straight from the box without washing it. Fruits and vegetables are often coated in harmful pesticides (农药) to prevent pests when they’re growing. These chemicals are not exactly safe for human either. And while you probably wash off your produce before eating it, even a thorough wash with water isn’t enough to properly get rid of all the pesticides. In the new study published in the American Chemical Society’s journal Nano Letters, experts find that simply washing your fruits and vegetables “cannot wholly remove pesticides” because they can actually “enter inside of fruit through the skin.” The pesticides left behind on the skin of produce are fat-soluble (溶脂的), which basically just means they aren’t as easy to get rid of. That doesn’t, however, mean you have a life of pesticide-full apples and oranges. “The research suggests that peeling (削皮) can effectively remove nearly all pesticide remains, contrasted with the frequently recommended practice of washing,” study co-author Professor Ye said. If you’re not planning to peel your fruit and vegetables, Professor Ye suggests soaking (浸泡) the produce in a solution (溶液) of salt, a solution of soda, or a solution of vinegar. “This will help to remove many of the pesticides found in produce.” “The waxy layers (蜡质层) of produce hold on to pesticides and are very difficult to remove using water alone,” said Dr. Bryan, food scientist and author of 150 Food Science Questions Answered. He stressed, “Chemical treatments are needed to effectively remove the waxy layers. However, peeling remains the most effective way to remove a large concentration of pesticides.” While you’re not going to die over one unwashed blueberry, long-term pesticide consumption can increase your risk of cancer and cause birth problems, immune system disease, and other diseases, according to Dr. Bryan. 1．What can we learn about fruits and vegetables according to the text? A．They go bad easily. B．They have harmful chemicals. C．They are ruined by pests. D．They can be eaten without washing. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What pesticides are. B．How the new study is conducted. C．Why pesticides are hard to remove. D．Where the new study is published. 3．What is the most effective way to deal with apples with pesticides? A．To peel them. B．To clear the waxy layers. C．To have a thorough wash. D．To soak them in a solution of salt. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．The ways to wash fruits and vegetables. B．The differences between organic fruits and chemical fruits. C．The long-term risks caused by eating fruits with pesticides. D．The suggestions to kill off pesticides in fruits and vegetables. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山西吕梁·期末）People operated on by female surgeons are less likely to experience difficulties and need follow-up care than by male surgeons, according to a study in Canada. Dr. Christopher Wallis led the study at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. His team looked at post-surgery problems in nearly 1.2 million patients between 2007 and 2019. The records included 25 different surgical procedures on the heart, brain, bones, organs and blood vessels. The analysis, reported in JAMA Surgery, showed that 90 days after an operation, 13.9% of patients treated by a male surgeon had “uncomfortable post-operative events”, a term that includes death and medical difficulties ranging from problems that require further surgery to major infections (感染), heart attacks and strokes (中风). The equal figure for patients seen by female surgeons was 12.5%. Patients seen by female surgeons performed better one year after surgery too, with 20.7% having an uncomfortable post-operative event, compared with 25% of those seen by male surgeons. When the doctors looked purely at post-surgery deaths, the difference was even starker: patients treated by male surgeons were 25% more likely to die one year after surgery than those treated by female surgeons. Further investigations show that female surgeons tend to operate more slowly and may achieve better results by taking their time in the operating theater. Wallis said there were “numerous lessons” to learn. “Improving the social status of female physicians is essential,” Dr. Wallis said. “Besides attracting more women to surgery, there is a need to promote them to positions of influence. There is a wealth of data that the numbers of women in senior positions are decreasing,” he added. 1．What do the data in paragraphs 3 and 4 show? A．25% of patients treated by male surgeons risked death. B．Patients treated by female surgeons had better outcomes. C．Post-operative problems decreased with time. D．Male surgeons were less responsible. 2．What does the underlined word “starker” in paragraph 4 mean? A．More obvious. B．More annoying. C．More unnoticeable. D．Smaller. 3．What can we conclude about female surgeons’ performance? A．No pains, no gains. B．Practice makes perfect. C．Slow work produces fine products. D．The winner is the one who holds on to the last. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Women physicians are generally wiser. B．Hospitals need more surgeons. C．Surgeons should have a knowledge of evolution. D．Fewer women surgeons serve in higher ranks now. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京平谷·期末）Alcohol (酒精) is the most widely consumed drug among young people in some countries. Many of us know the negative consequences of consuming alcohol, such as getting into violent behaviors and traffic accidents. However, fewer of us consider how a few binge drinking sessions can affect the brain, especially when it is still developing. To understand these effects, we need to look at two key elements: how alcohol is metabolized, and how it affects the developing adolescent brain. Alcohol is mainly metabolized in the liver, which processes the drink after it has been absorbed. We can think of the liver as a sponge that absorbs alcohol. However, when it becomes saturated, it loses this capacity, causing the effects of drunkenness. Unfortunately, alcoholic beverages not only have temporary impacts on the functioning of our brains, they also have long-lasting effects on various aspects of the nervous system. It is important to note that during its development—up to the age of 25-30—the brain is at its most vulnerable to the effects of drugs. Moreover, these changes cause certain areas of the brain to mature earlier than others. This mismatch between the development of the brain’s reward, impulse control and decision-making systems may explain why adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviour. We have to stress the relationship between the age of starting alcohol consumption and later problems. The data is clear: the earlier someone starts drinking, the higher their risk of developing these conditions. This highlights the fact that there is no such thing as a healthy dose of alcohol, and no such thing as harmless binge drinking. It is crucial that we pay especially close attention to teenage drinking. 1．The first paragraph is used to ______. A．present a solution B．provide detail causes C．introduce the topic D．carry out a comparison 2．What does the word “temporary” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Short-term. B．Long-term. C．Serious. D．Slight. 3．From the text, we can infer that ______. A．it’s safer to drink at the age of 28 B．the effects of drinking has nothing to do with age C．alcohol affects the brain and causes behavior problems D．only teenagers’ impulse control system is affected by alcohol 4．As for teenage drinking, the author is ______. A．worried B．indifferent C．doubtful D．supportive Passage 5 （24-25高一上·山东淄博·期末）Parents often face challenges in encouraging their children to eat healthier, but a new study from Stanford researchers offers hope. The study, led by Jennifer Wang and Priya Fielding-Singh, was published in the Journal of Adolescent Health on May 14, 2024. The researchers find that when teens have health-related food rules at home, they are more likely to eat healthier on their own. To understand how teens make food decisions, Wang and Fielding-Singh surveyed 1,246 high school students from the San Francisco Bay Area. The students were asked about their eating habits and what their parents taught them about food. The findings showed that teens were generally aware of which foods were healthy and which were unhealthy — a fact that partents often ignore. But Wang and Fielding-Singh wanted to know more than just what teenagers thought about food. They wanted to see how teens acted when they thought their parents weren’t watching. Therefore, they conducted an experiment where students chose snacks with or without their parents’ agreement. Ten snack options were presented: five healthy and five less healthy. The results showed that teens with health-related food rules at home were more likely to pick healthy snacks, regardless of whether their parents were watching. “It is important for parents to understand whether food rules — and which ones — can help encourage healthy eating,” Wang said. The researchers found that rules centred on health — such as allowing junk food only on special occasions or requiring vegetables at dinner — were effective because they stressed the importance of considering healthiness when making food choices. On the other hand, rules unrelated to health, such as no cell phones at the table, had no impact on teens’ food decisions. “We hope these findings offer some encouragement for parents,” said Fielding-Singh. “Having clear do’s and don’ts about healthy eating at home may give kids a roadmap for making healthier choices when they are on their own.” 1．What is the main finding of the study? A．Family food rules matter. B．Parents’ guidance doesn’t work. C．Teens make food choices at will. D．Teens’ eating habits are unchangeable. 2．What was the purpose of the further experiment in paragraph 3? A．To strengthen the power of parents. B．To observe teens’ snack choices. C．To test the effect of the food rules. D．To examine common sense on healthy food. 3．Which rule was effective regarding food choices? A．Have some vegetables at dinner. B．Replace stable food with snacks. C．Limit screen time at the table. D．Allow much junk food. 4．What role did the family food rules play according to Fielding-Singh? A．Forcing kids to follow strict diets. B．Making kids interested in healthy food. C．Improving teens’ individual diets greatly. D．Guiding teens to make wise decisions independently. 话题5 科技与生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·云南昆明·期末）AI kitchens, once a concept of science fiction, are now a reality across the globe. These advanced kitchens use robots to perform a variety of tasks such as flipping hamburgers, frying chicken, creating pizzas, preparing salads, and baking bread. The mixture of artificial intelligence in these kitchens allows for the invention of recipes based on the molecular compatibility (分子兼容性) of ingredients. The benefits of AI-driven kitchens extend beyond mere convenience. AI kitchens enable chefs to be more creative, as well as removing repetitive, boring tasks such as washing the dishes or standing for hours. Not having to cook means being able to spend more time with family or focus on more urgent tasks. For personalized eating, AI can provide countless special diets on demand. However, there are also risks to human well-being. Cooking can be relaxing and provides opportunities for many things: gratitude, communication, adventure, independence, confidence and more, all of which may be lost if no one needs to cook. Family relationships could be affected if parents and children are no longer working together in the kitchen — a suitable space to chat, in contrast to what can feel like an interrogation (盘问) at the dining table. Moreover, the food service industry faces challenges as many workers may struggle to acquire new skills for different jobs, despite the hope that technology will create more jobs than it eliminates (消除). In conclusion, the rise of AI kitchens shows both opportunities and challenges. While they increase the efficiency and creativity in the culinary world (烹饪界), they also raise questions about society and family. The balance between developing technological advancements and preserving the human elements of cooking can’t be ignored. 1．How do AI kitchens enhance the creativity of chefs? A．By providing more ingredients. B．By inventing special recipes. C．By reducing cooking time. D．By offering cooking classes. 2．What is a negative impact of AI kitchens on family relationships? A．Increased cooking time. B．More time spent together. C．Loss of cooking as an interactive activity. D．Improved communication. 3．What is a challenge faced by the food service industry? A．Increased job opportunities. B．More diverse menu options. C．Lower food prices. D．Workers’ struggling to acquire new skills. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward AI kitchens? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Objective. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·云南·期末）Google has linked its Bard artificial intelligence (AI) tool to its Gmail service and other company offerings. The American-based search engine company says the change will permit its users to easily use the AI technology across different product areas. Bard is a chatbot, which can help write articles and interact smoothly with humans. Such tools are also known as “large language models”. The first widely released (发布) chatbot was ChatGPT. It was launched (推出) by technology company OpenAI last year. Google announced the launch of its Bard tool last February. And soon Microsoft announced it was redesigning its Bing search engine to include OpenAl’s chatbot technology. Microsoft has spent billions of dollars on OpenAI. In an announcement Tuesday, Google said it had created a system that makes it possible for users to apply the AI tool to other company services, or apps. This brings Bard technology to Google products including Gmail, Drive, YouTube, Maps, etc. One example is a possible solution to someone planning a major family trip. In such a case, a series of Google apps can be used together with Bard. A user can ask Bard to use Google Flights to look up flight dates that would work for the trip. Bard can also be used to book available hotel rooms and connect with Google Maps to provide everyone with directions to the airport. And users could also use Bard to find YouTube videos of things to do during the trip. 1．What do we know about Bard? A．It was launched late last year. B．It can replace other AI services. C．It was released before ChatGPT. D．It can help humans write articles. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Microsoft. B．OpenAI. C．ChatGPT. D．Gmail. 3．How does the author develop the Last Paragraph? A．By following time order. B．By giving an example. C．By making comparisons. D．By listing numbers. 4．What can be the suitable title for the text? A．Google’s New AI Tool — Bard B．Google’s Bright Future — Gmail C．The World Will Be Changed by AI D．ChatGPT Will Be Widely Accepted Passage 3 （23-24高一上·甘肃兰州·期末）The Internet has become an essential part of our daily lives. It allows us to communicate with people around the world, access information, and even do shopping. But do you know how it all works? The Internet is a global network of computers. When you type a website address into your browser, your computer sends a request through a series of cables and wireless connections. This request travels to a server, which is like a giant storage locker full of web pages. The server then sends back the information you asked for, and your browser displays it on your screen. Search engines play a crucial role in helping us find what we need on the Internet. For example, Google uses complex algorithms to scan billions of web pages and rank them according to relevance. When you search for a term, it presents you with a list of results that it thinks will be most useful. However, the Internet also has its downsides. One problem is the spread of false information. With so many people able to post content freely, it can be hard to tell what’s true and what’s not. Cybersecurity is another concern. Hackers can try to steal personal information or disrupt online services. 1．What is the Internet according to the text? A．A single computer. B．A local network. C．A global network of computers. D．A mobile phone system. 2．What does a server do when it receives a request? A．It ignores the request. B．It sends back the information asked for. C．It deletes the request. D．It forwards the request to another server. 3．Why are search engines important? A．They make the Internet run faster. B．They help us find useful information. C．They store all web pages. D．They protect our computers from hackers. 4．What are the problems of the Internet mentioned in the text? A．It’s too expensive to use. B．It has false information and cybersecurity issues. C．It’s difficult to connect to. D．It only has a few websites. Passage 4 （23-24高一上·四川成都·期末）You may find a lot of energy drinks in a store. People say these drinks can make people feel more energetic and think more clearly. These drinks have names like Red Bull, Monster, Ripped Force, Speed Stack and 5-Hour Energy. Young people like them very much. Scientists found three main things about the energy drinks. First there are hundreds of brands of energy drinks in most large countries. Second, the drinks are not clearly written with enough information. And third, the caffeine in the energy drinks is different greatly. Some have as little as fifty milligrams, others as much as five hundred. Too much caffeine is bad for our body. Some people put wine into energy drinks while drinking. They think they can drink more wine that way and it may not be bad for their body. But studies find that the wine still works. So the makers should write down clear information, such as how much caffeine it has and so on. For example, some makers of energy drinks give us advice. A popular energy drink asks pregnant women, women who are nursing a baby or children under the age of twelve not to drink. The study about energy drinks is still going on. They are now looking for young people who have had a bad feeling after drinking them. 1．Some people put wine into energy drinks because they think . A．it is good for health B．it is the most popular way C．the caffeine can be reduced D．in this way they can drink more wine 2．From the passage we know that if we drink energy drinks we should . A．drink only some famous brands B．read the information about them C．choose those with high caffeine D．find the date when it was made 3．Which of the following is true? A．Energy drinks are good for children and help them to think more clearly. B．Women having a baby should drink energy drinks instead of wine. C．Not all brands of energy drinks provide enough information for the consumers. D．Energy drinks of different brands have the same amount of caffeine. 4．What kinds of people are needed for the study about energy drinks? A．Young consumers who have had a bad feeling after drinking energy drinks. B．Energy drink makers who know how to write clear information. C．Young scientists who have conducted such experiments before. D．Children under the age of twelve who have benefited from energy drinks. 话题6 环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建莆田·期末）Beneath the waves of the Coral Sea, a team of scientists and students is working on a unique project: growing coral reefs to restore damaged ecosystems. Coral reefs are home to 25% of marine species, but many are dying due to climate change and pollution.​ The project starts in a lab, where scientists grow coral fragments in tanks. Students help monitor water temperature and pH levels, ensuring the conditions are perfect. Once the corals are strong enough, they’re transported to the ocean and attached to metal frames on the seabed.​ “It’s painstaking work,” says marine biologist Dr. Rivera. “Each coral takes months to grow, and we have to protect them from predators like crown-of-thorns starfish.” But the effort is worth it. Last year, a section of reef they planted showed 30% growth, and fish have started returning to the area.​ Students involved in the project gain hands-on experience in marine biology. “I never thought I’d be scuba diving to plant coral,” says 17-year-old Maya. “It’s one thing to learn about ecosystems in class, but another to actually help restore them.”​ Dr. Rivera is optimistic about the future. “We’re not just restoring coral reefs; we’re restoring hope,” she says. “Every new coral fragment we plant is a step towards a healthier ocean, and that’s something worth fighting for.” With continued dedication, collaboration, and innovation, the team is proving that it’s possible to reverse the damage done to these vital ecosystems, one coral at a time.​ 1．Why are coral reefs important?​ A．They are a source of food for humans.​ B．They are home to 25% of marine species.​ C．They protect coastlines from storms.​ D．They are used to make medicine.​ 2．Where do scientists grow coral fragments first?​ A．On metal frames in the ocean.​ B．In tanks in a lab.​ C．In shallow pools near the beach.​ D．In special greenhouses on land.​ 3．What do students help with in the lab?​ A．Designing metal frames for coral.​ B．Scuba diving to plant coral.​ C．Monitoring water temperature and pH levels.​ D．Protecting coral from predators.​ 4．What can we learn from Maya’s words? A．She dislikes learning about ecosystems in class B．She never wants to scuba dive again C．Practical experience is different from classroom learning D．She thinks restoring ecosystems is impossible Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期末）A fairy penguin, also known as a little penguin, lives on the coastal areas of southern Australia and New Zealand. Fairy penguins are important to the ecosystem because they eat fish, which benefits the ocean’s food chain balance. They also help fertilize (施肥) the land with their waste, which helps plants grow. But pollution causes a threat to them. Plastic waste in the ocean can harm the penguins by getting caught around their necks or in stomachs, leading to injury or death. Plastic pollution is a growing problem in our oceans, and it is having a serious impact on the health of sea life, including penguins. The digestion of plastic waste can lead to hunger and other health problems. Studies have found that penguins have digested plastic waste such as bottle caps and fishing lines. Plastic debris (碎片) can be mistaken by penguins, as it can resemble food in size, shape and color. Once eaten, the plastic remains in their stomachs, causing blockages, which can impact the penguins’ overall health. Plastic waste can also affect the behavior of fairy penguins. Studies have shown that plastic pollution can have an effect on the normal behavior of penguins, leading to decreased food intake and reduced reproductive success. The digestion of plastic waste has also been found to cause stress in penguins, leading to changed behavior and a decreased ability to cope with other stress. To deal with the issue of plastic pollution, conservation (保护) work has been done to protect the penguins. These efforts include protecting their habitats, reducing pollution, cleaning the beach and educating people about how they can help. Scientists are also working to better understand the impacts of climate change so they can develop more effective ways. Some efforts have already had success, such as reducing oil pollution and protecting breeding sites. However, these are far from enough. We must take early action to reduce pollution and address climate change, not just for the penguins, but for all sea lives. 1．Which statement about fairy penguins will the author probably disagree with? A．They are endangered animals. B．They contribute to plants growing. C．They might get injured by plastic waste. D．They help keep the ocean’s food balanced. 2．What does the underlined word “resemble” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Cut off. B．Look like. C．Depend on. D．Crash into. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2 and 3? A．The efforts made to protect penguins. B．The ways to solve plastic pollution. C．The causes of plastic waste in the ocean. D．The effects of plastic pollution on penguins. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The efforts made haven’t yet got good results. B．More efforts need to be done to protect penguins. C．Some conservation ways are difficult to carry out. D．The impacts of climate change haven’t been understood. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·宁夏银川·期末）Every year, one wind blew from spring to winter and there were neither birds in the sky nor grass on the ground. This was a true picture of what Baijitan used to be seventy years ago. Today, from the top of the sand hill in Baijitan, you can see green sandy plants growing here and there. Between the windbreak belts (挡风带), squares of wheat straw cover the sand hills like a huge golden net which firmly locks the formerly rushing yellow sand in. How Ningxia has controlled the sands is a touching story. 70 years ago, the sky was usually filled with sands and yellow clouds. Even the cities hundreds of kilometers away were threatened. To stop the desert moving south, the central government gave an order to stop the desertification (沙漠化). In those years, people lacked food and clothing, but this didn’t weaken their courage and determination. So millions of people in Ningxia took action to fight against the desert. There were no modern machines in the past. All they had were only their two hands besides simple tools. Braving the winter cold and the summer sun, they began to plant trees and grass. With several generations’ joint efforts, Ningxia has taken on a new look. The former desert has been turned into a green land with trees and grass, among which birds are singing and dancing happily in spring and summer. Recently, a delegation (代表团) from the United Nations came to Ningxia and took a field trip. “This is not just a victory for the Chinese people,” said Mr. Smith, who is from Africa. “This provides a valuable lesson for many countries that are threatened by desertification.” 1．What is the main change in Baijitan over the past seventy years? A．Ecological conditions are getting better. B．Birds and grass have returned to the area. C．The sand hills have been completely flattened. D．The wind has stopped blowing from spring to winter. 2．What can be inferred about the people of Ningxia from the passage? A．They were well-equipped with resources and technology to fight desertification. B．Their determination was stronger than their lack of food and clothing. C．The central government’s order was not taken seriously by the local population. D．The cities hundreds of kilometers away were unaffected by the sandstorms. 3．What contributed to Ningxia’s transformation from a desert to a green land? A．Modern machines and advanced technology. B．Large numbers of trees and plants from other regions. C．The hard work and willpower of several generations. D．The natural recovery without any human participation. 4．What do Mr. Smith’s words imply? A．He suggests that desertification is a significant problem all around the world. B．He believes that China’s achievement is only applicable to its own country. C．He is doubtful about the effectiveness of China’s approach in fighting desertification. D．He sees China’s success as a model for other countries facing the same issue. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $