知识清单01 必修第一册单元词汇短语句型梳理(期末复习知识清单) 高一英语上学期沪外版

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了必修第一册四个单元核心内容，涵盖词类转换、词汇搭配、高频短语、句型及写作模块，构建了从基础词汇积累到综合语言运用的递进式学习支架。 清单按单元主题分类整合知识，如词类转换突出“vary→variety/various”等多词性变化，高频句型标注“Not only...but also...”就近原则，写作模块提供“主题词汇+范文”组合，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。题型设计含真题语境填空及易混词辨析，助力学生自主巩固，教师可据此优化教学，提升复习效率。

知识清单01必修第一册单元词汇短语句型梳理 清单 01 词类转换(变出精彩，举一反三) Unit 1 School Life 1. _____________（v. 教育）→ _____________（n. 教育） 2. _____________（v. 变化；改变）→ _____________（n. 种类；多样性） 3. _____________（v. 不同；有区别）→ _____________（adj. 不同的） 4. _____________（v. 依赖；依靠）→ _____________（adj. 依赖的） 5. _____________（v. 准备）→ _____________（n. 准备） 6. _____________（v. 组织）→ _____________（n. 组织） 7. _____________（v. 行动；表现）→ _____________（adj. 积极的） 8. _____________（v. 使满意）→ _____________（n. 满意） 9. _____________（v. 承认；录取）→ _____________（n. 录取；承认） 10. _____________（v. 实现；获得）→ _____________（n. 成就） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. _____________（v. 变化；多样）→ _____________（n. 种类；多样性） 2. _____________（v. 不同；有差异）→ _____________（n. 差异；区别） 3. _____________（v. 存在；生存）→ _____________（n. 存在；实有） 4. _____________（adj. 正式的）→ _____________（adv. 正式地） 5. _____________（adj. 平等的；v. 等于）→ _____________（n. 平等） 6. _____________（adj. 频繁的；经常的）→ _____________（adv. 频繁地） 7. _____________（v. 翻译）→ _____________（n. 翻译；译文） 8. _____________（v. 欣赏；感激）→ _____________（n. 欣赏；感谢） 9. _____________（v. 交流；沟通）→ _____________（n. 交流；通讯） 10. _____________（v. 认出；认可）→ _____________（n. 认出；认可） Unit 3 Travel 1. _____________（v./n. 旅行）→ _____________（n. 旅行者） 2. _____________（v. 探索；探险）→ _____________（n. 探索；探险） 3. _____________（v. 吸引）→ _____________（adj. 有吸引力的） 4. _____________（v. 变化；多样）→ _____________（adj. 各种各样的） 5. _____________（v. 使满意）→ _____________（n. 满意） 6. _____________（v. 安排；整理）→ _____________（n. 安排；布置） 7. _____________（adj. 方便的）→ _____________（n. 方便；便利） 8. _____________（v. 放松；休息）→ _____________（n. 放松；消遣） 9. _____________（v. 给……留下印象）→ _____________（adj. 令人印象深刻的） 10. _____________（v. 占用；占据）→ _____________（n. 职业；占用） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. _____________（n. 传统）→ _____________（adj. 传统的） 2. _____________（v. 庆祝）→ _____________（n. 庆祝活动；庆典） 3. _____________（v. 变化；多样）→ _____________（n. 种类；多样性） 4. _____________（v. 装饰；布置）→ _____________（n. 装饰；装饰品） 5. _____________（v. 观察；遵守；庆祝）→ _____________（n. 观察；观测） 6. _____________（adj. 重要的；有意义的）→ _____________（n. 重要性；意义） 7. _____________（n. 起源；源头）→ _____________（adj. 原始的；最初的） 8. _____________（v. 欣赏；感激）→ _____________（n. 欣赏；感谢） 9. _____________（v. 承认；录取）→ _____________（n. 承认；入场费） 10. _____________（v. 参与；参加）→ _____________（n. 参与；参加） 清单 02 识词知意(厚积薄发，熟能生巧) Unit 1 School Life 1. _____________（v. 出席；参加）：__________________________（上课）、__________________________（参加会议） 2. _____________（v. 致力于；奉献）：__________________________（致力于）、__________________________（把时间用于） 3. _____________（v./n. 交换；交流）：__________________________（交流想法）、__________________________（与某人交换某物） 4. _____________（adj. 流利的）：__________________________（英语流利）、__________________________（说流利的英语） 5. _____________（adj. 额外的；附加的）：__________________________（额外的课程）、__________________________（额外时间） 6. _____________（n./v. 挑战）：__________________________（面对挑战）、__________________________（挑战自己） 7. _____________（adj. 独立的）：__________________________（独立思考）、__________________________（不依赖） 8. _____________（adj. 可获得的；有空的）：__________________________（空闲时间）、__________________________（可用于） 9. _____________（v./n. 注册；登记）：__________________________（注册；报名参加）、__________________________（登记表） 10. _____________（v. 参与；参加）：__________________________（参与；参加）、__________________________（积极参与） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. _____________（v. 发生；出现）：__________________________（某人想到）、__________________________（自然发生） 2. _____________（v. 传达；传递）：__________________________（传达意思）、__________________________（传递情感） 3. _____________（v. 代表；象征）：__________________________（代表一个国家）、__________________________（象征一种理念） 4. _____________（v./n. 尊重；尊敬）：__________________________（尊重他人）、__________________________（对……表示尊重） 5. _____________（adj. 适当的；合适的）：__________________________（得体的行为）、__________________________（适合……） 6. _____________（v. 反映；反射）：__________________________（反映文化）、__________________________（思考；回想） 7. _____________（v. 避免；避开）：__________________________（避免错误）、__________________________.（避免做某事） 8. _____________（v. 适应；改编）：__________________________（适应）、__________________________（为……改编某物） 9. _____________（v. 忽视；不理睬）：__________________________（忽视警告）、__________________________（不理会某人的建议） 10. _____________（v. 区分；辨别）：__________________________（区分A和B）、__________________________（分辨是非） Unit 3 Travel 1. _____________（v. 探索；考察）：__________________________（探索一个新地方）、__________________________（考察文物） 2. _____________（v. 吸引）：__________________________（吸引游客）、__________________________（被……吸引） 3. _____________（v. 安排；筹备）：__________________________（安排旅行）、__________________________.（安排某人做某事） 4. _____________（v. 为……提供住宿；容纳）：__________________________（接待游客）、__________________________（为某人提供房间） 5. _____________（v./n. 预订；保留）：__________________________（预订酒店房间）、__________________________（为某人保留某物） 6. _____________（v. 欣赏；钦佩）：__________________________（欣赏风景）、__________________________（因某事钦佩某人） 7. _____________（v. 出发；离开）：__________________________（从机场出发）、__________________________（前往北京） 8. _____________（n./v. 预算；规划开支）：__________________________（做旅行预算）、__________________________（为旅行规划开支） 9. _____________（v. 适合；n. 套装）：__________________________（适合某人的日程）、__________________________（适合……，adj. 形式） 10. _____________（v. 经历；n. 经验；经历）：__________________________（体验不同文化）、__________________________（有丰富的旅行经验） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. _____________（v. 庆祝；庆贺）：__________________________（庆祝节日）、__________________________（为某人庆祝生日） 2. _____________（v. 装饰；布置）：__________________________（装饰房子）、__________________________（用鲜花装饰） 3. _____________（v. 遵守；庆祝；观察）：__________________________（遵守习俗）、__________________________（庆祝春节）、__________________________（仔细观察） 4. _____________（v. 象征；代表）：__________________________（象征好运）、__________________________（代表和平） 5. _____________（v. 保护；保存；维护）：__________________________（传承传统）、__________________________（保护文物） 6. _____________（v. 传递；流传）：__________________________（流传故事）、__________________________（代代相传） 7. _____________（v. 聚集；集合；收集）：__________________________（和家人团聚）、__________________________（收集信息） 8. _____________（v./n. 交换；交流）：__________________________（交换礼物）、__________________________（交流想法） 9. _____________（v./n. 尊重；敬重）：__________________________（尊重当地习俗）、__________________________（尊敬长辈） 10. _____________（v. 代表；象征）：__________________________（代表一种文化）、__________________________（象征传统价值观） 清单 03 高频短语(积少成多，活学活用) Unit 1 School Life 1.__________________________（在……开始时） 2. __________________________（参加；参与） 3.__________________________（此外；另外） 4. __________________________（期待；盼望） 5. __________________________（充分利用） 6. __________________________（提出；想出） 7. __________________________（代表） 8. __________________________（跟上；赶上） 9. __________________________（负责；掌管） 10. __________________________（适应） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. __________________________（由……组成） 2. __________________________（就……而言；在……方面） 3. __________________________（代表；象征） 4. __________________________（利用） 5. __________________________（与……不同） 6.__________________________（除……之外还有） 7. __________________________（对……负责） 8. __________________________（在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用） 9. __________________________（熟悉……） 10. __________________________（偶然遇到；碰到） Unit 3 Travel 1. __________________________（出发；动身） 2. __________________________（去旅行） 3.__________________________（提前；预先） 4.__________________________（因……而著名） 5. __________________________（以防；万一） 6. __________________________（期待；盼望） 7. __________________________（住宿；张贴） 8. __________________________（一起来；进展） 9. __________________________（利用） 10.__________________________（代表） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. __________________________（打扮；盛装打扮） 2. __________________________（发生；举行） 3. __________________________（为了纪念） 4. __________________________（在……中起作用；扮演角色） 5. __________________________（传递；把……传下去） 6. __________________________（为了纪念；向……致敬） 7. __________________________（由……组成） 8. __________________________（参与；参加） 9. __________________________（形成；产生） 10. __________________________（随着……的发展） 清单 04 高频句型(精彩句型，句句精彩) Unit 1 School Life 1. It is/was + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的） 例句：____________________________________________________ study and rest.（对学生来说，平衡学习和休息很重要。） 2. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分时遵循“就近原则” 例句：____________________________________________________ he is good at sports.（他不仅学习努力，而且擅长运动。） 3. The more..., the more...（越……，越……） 例句：____________________________________________________ you will be.（你练习英语口语越多，就会越流利。） 4. It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.（某人花费多长时间做某事） 例句：____________________________________________________ my English homework every day.（我每天花半小时完成英语作业。） 5. There is no doubt that...（毫无疑问……） 例句：__________________________school life plays an important role in our growth.（毫无疑问，校园生活在我们的成长中扮演着重要角色。） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. It is + 形容词 + that...（……是……的），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句 例句：__________________________we should respect different cultures in communication.（在交流中尊重不同的文化是很重要的。） 2. The reason why...is that...（……的原因是……），why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句 例句：____________________________________________________ it helps me know more about foreign cultures.（我喜欢学英语的原因是它能帮助我了解更多外国文化。） 3. When it comes to...（当提到……时），to为介词，后接名词或动名词 例句：____________________________________________________, we need to pay attention to cultural differences.（当提到跨文化交流时，我们需要关注文化差异。） 4. Not until...did/do sb. do sth.（直到……才……），否定词置于句首，主句用部分倒装 例句：__________________________ the close relationship between language and culture.（直到学习了这个单元，我才意识到语言和文化之间的密切联系。） 5. There is no denying that...（不可否认的是……），that引导宾语从句 例句：__________________________ language plays a key role in spreading cultural heritage.（不可否认的是，语言在传播文化遗产中起着关键作用。） Unit 3 Travel 1. It is/was + 形容词 + to do sth.（做某事是……的），it为形式主语，不定式为真正主语 例句：__________________________ the ancient town with unique architecture.（探索这座有着独特建筑的古镇很令人兴奋。） 2. The best time to do sth. is...（做某事的最佳时间是……），不定式作后置定语 例句：__________________________ in spring, when the scenery is the most beautiful.（去丽江旅游的最佳时间是春天，那时的风景最美。） 3. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分，遵循“就近原则” 例句：Travel ____________________________________________________ different cultures.（旅行不仅能开阔我们的视野，还能帮助我们了解不同的文化。） 4. It is the first/second...time that sb. has/had done sth.（这是某人第一次/第二次……做某事），从句用相应完成时 例句：__________________________abroad alone.（这是我第一次独自出国旅行。） 5. In order to/To...（为了……），不定式作目的状语 例句：__________________________ make the trip smooth, we need to arrange the itinerary carefully in advance.（为了让旅行顺利，我们需要提前精心安排行程。） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. It is a tradition that...（……是一种传统），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句 例句：__________________________ Chinese families gather together to have dinner on Spring Festival Eve.（中国家庭在除夕夜团聚吃年夜饭是一种传统。） 2. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分，遵循“就近原则” 例句：____________________________________________________ it strengthens family ties.（这个节日不仅承载着传统文化，还能增进家庭纽带。） 3. With the development of..., more and more...（随着……的发展，越来越多的……），with复合结构作状语 例句：____________________________________________________ young people begin to pay attention to preserving traditional customs.（随着社会的发展，越来越多的年轻人开始重视传承传统习俗。） 4. The reason why...is that...（……的原因是……），why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句 例句：____________________________________________________ we want to memorize the poet Qu Yuan.（我们庆祝端午节的原因是为了纪念诗人屈原。） 5. It is believed that...（人们认为……），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句，表普遍认知 例句：__________________________ traditional customs are an important part of a nation's cultural heritage.（人们认为传统习俗是一个民族文化遗产的重要组成部分。） 清单 05 单元写作(通用表达，范文背诵) Unit 1 School Life 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 校园生活基础词汇 • 校园设施：___________（校园）、___________（报告厅）、___________（图书馆）、___________（体育馆）、___________（宿舍）、___________（食堂） • 学习相关：___________（课程）、___________（研讨会）、___________（作业）、___________（小测验）、___________（课本）、___________（记笔记） • 活动相关：___________（社团）、______________________（课外活动）、______________________（运动会）、______________________（辩论赛）、______________________（志愿活动） 2. 情感与态度词汇 • 积极：___________（兴奋的）、___________（热情的）、___________（感激的）、___________（自信的）、___________（愉快的）、___________（有意义的） • 适应与成长：___________（适应）、___________（调整）、___________（提升）、___________（培养）、___________（获得）、___________（掌握） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 递进：___________（此外）、___________（此外）、___________（而且）、________________（另外） • 转折：___________（然而）、___________（尽管如此）、___________（但是）、___________（相反） • 总结：___________（总之）、___________（总而言之）、______________________（总的来说）、___________（总结） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出校园生活主题） • As a senior high school student, I have experienced a colorful and meaningful school life since I entered the campus. • My senior high school life, which is full of challenges and joys, has brought me a lot of growth and harvest. • When it comes to my school life, the first thing that comes to my mind is the warm atmosphere and friendly classmates. • It has been several months since I started my senior high school journey, and I have gradually adapted to the new study and living environment. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍学习、活动、人际关系） • 学习方面： ◦ We have a variety of courses, such as English, math and physics, which help us build a solid knowledge foundation. ◦ I used to struggle with English listening, but with the teacher's guidance and more practice, I have made great progress. ◦ The teachers in our school are not only knowledgeable but also patient, always ready to help us solve problems. • 活动方面： ◦ I take an active part in extracurricular activities, especially the English club, where I can practice my oral English and make friends. ◦ Last month, our class organized a sports meeting, and everyone tried their best to win honors for the class, which strengthened our teamwork spirit. ◦ Participating in volunteer activities has made me realize the importance of helping others and contributed to the campus community. • 人际关系方面： ◦ I am lucky to have many kind and supportive classmates. When I encounter difficulties, they always give me a hand. ◦ We often study together, discuss problems and share joys and sorrows, which makes my school life more warm and colorful. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达感受、展望未来） • In conclusion, my senior high school life is precious and unforgettable. It not only improves my academic performance but also shapes my personality. • Looking forward, I will cherish the remaining time in high school, study harder and make greater progress to live up to my youth. • From my school life, I have learned to be independent, cooperative and persistent, which will be valuable treasures in my future life. • I am grateful for the experience of senior high school life, which helps me grow into a better person and prepares me for the future. 范文背诵： My Colorful Senior High School Life Since I stepped into the campus of senior high school, I have been enjoying a colorful and meaningful life that is quite different from junior high school. In terms of study, we have more challenging courses and heavier learning tasks. At first, I felt a little stressed because I couldn't keep up with the teacher's pace in math class. Fortunately, my math teacher noticed my difficulty and gave me targeted guidance after class. With his help and my continuous efforts, I gradually made progress and became more confident in learning. Besides, we have various seminars and study groups, where we can exchange ideas with classmates and deepen our understanding of knowledge. Outside the classroom, extracurricular activities are equally wonderful. I joined the English club as soon as I entered the school. Every Wednesday afternoon, we gather in the lecture hall to practice oral English, watch English movies and hold debates. Through these activities, my English level has been greatly improved, and I have made many friends who share the same interest. Last month, our school held a sports meeting. I took part in the 800-meter race. Although I didn't win the first prize, the encouragement from my classmates and the experience of challenging myself made me feel very meaningful. What makes my school life more warm is the relationship with classmates and teachers. My classmates are very friendly and helpful. Whenever I have difficulties in study or life, they are always willing to lend a hand. Teachers are not only our instructors in study but also our friends in life. They care about our growth and often communicate with us to understand our thoughts and needs. In a word, my senior high school life is full of joys and growth. It teaches me to be independent, brave and cooperative. I will cherish every moment here, study hard and strive to become a better person. I believe that this precious experience will lay a solid foundation for my future life. Unit 2 Language and Culture 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 语言与文化基础词汇 • 语言相关：___________（母语）、___________（方言）、___________（习语）、___________（发音）、___________（词汇）、___________（语法）、___________（双语的）、___________（多语的） • 文化相关：___________（文化）、___________（习俗）、___________（传统）、___________（遗产）、______________________（风俗习惯）、___________（价值观）、___________（象征）、___________（民间艺术） 2. 文化交流与理解词汇 • 交流类：___________（交流）、___________（交换）、___________（互动）、___________（传播）、___________（传达）、___________（搭建桥梁）、___________（促进） • 理解类：___________（理解）、___________（尊重）、___________（欣赏）、___________（认可）、___________（适应）、___________（区分）、___________（避免） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 因果：___________（因为）、___________（由于）、___________（因此）、___________（因此） • 举例：___________（例如）、___________（比如）、___________（比如）、___________（以……为例） • 总结：___________（总之）、___________（概括来说）、___________（总而言之）、___________（总的来说） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出语言与文化主题） • Language is not only a tool for communication but also a carrier of culture, reflecting the values and customs of a nation. • When it comes to the relationship between language and culture, it is universally acknowledged that they are closely connected and cannot be separated. • As the world becomes more interconnected, cross-cultural communication is increasingly frequent, and understanding the link between language and culture has become more important than ever. • Every language has its unique cultural background, and learning a language means learning the culture behind it. 2. 中间描述句式（阐述语言与文化的关系、文化差异、交流建议） • 语言与文化的关联： ◦ Language is deeply rooted in culture, and many words and idioms can only be truly understood with the knowledge of cultural background. ◦ Different cultures shape different languages, and the differences in language usage also reflect the differences in cultural values. ◦ Cultural heritage can be passed down from generation to generation through language, which plays an irreplaceable role in cultural inheritance. • 文化差异与应对： ◦ There are great differences in language habits between Eastern and Western cultures. For example, people in China often use polite expressions to show respect, while Westerners tend to be more direct. ◦ When communicating with people from different cultures, we should avoid cultural misunderstandings by learning their language customs and values. ◦ Respecting cultural differences and understanding the connotation of language can help us achieve effective cross-cultural communication. • 文化交流的意义： ◦ Learning foreign languages helps us know more about foreign cultures and broaden our horizons. ◦ Cultural exchange can promote mutual understanding between nations and build a bridge of friendship between different countries. ◦ By learning and communicating, we can absorb the essence of different cultures and enrich our own cultural connotation. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达观点、展望未来） • In conclusion, language and culture are interdependent. We should not only master the language itself but also understand the cultural background behind it when learning a language. • All in all, respecting cultural differences and promoting cultural exchange are crucial for us to adapt to the globalized world and build a harmonious multicultural society. • Looking forward, we should take language as a bridge to learn from different cultures, carry forward our own cultural heritage, and contribute to cultural diversity. • It is our responsibility to protect and inherit our own culture while learning foreign languages, so as to achieve the coexistence and development of different cultures. 范文背诵： The Close Relationship Between Language and Culture As an important part of human civilization, language and culture are closely linked and influence each other. Learning a language is never just about mastering words and grammar, but also about understanding the cultural connotation behind it. Language is the carrier of culture, which records and conveys the history, customs and values of a nation. For example, there are many idioms related to tea in Chinese, such as "chayi shenhou" (profound friendship like tea), which reflects the important position of tea culture in Chinese society. Similarly, English has many expressions related to religion and literature, such as "apple of one's eye", which comes from the Bible and means "a person who is cherished very much". Without understanding the cultural background, it is difficult to truly grasp the meaning of these expressions. On the other hand, culture shapes language and affects its development and usage. Different cultural values lead to differences in language habits. For instance, Chinese people are used to using indirect expressions to show politeness, such as saying "I'm sorry to trouble you" when asking for help. However, Westerners tend to be more direct, often saying "Could you help me?" directly. In addition, the same word may have different meanings in different cultural contexts. The word "dragon" in Chinese symbolizes auspiciousness and power, but in Western culture, it is often regarded as a ferocious monster. Such cultural differences often lead to misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication if we only focus on the literal meaning of language. In the era of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more frequent. To achieve effective communication, we must pay attention to the relationship between language and culture. When learning a foreign language, we should not only memorize words and sentences but also learn about its cultural background, including customs, values and historical stories. At the same time, we should also spread our own culture through our mother tongue, so that people from other countries can understand Chinese culture better. In a word, language and culture are inseparable. Only by understanding the connection between them can we truly master a language and achieve smooth cross-cultural communication. Let's take language as a bridge to promote cultural exchange and contribute to the development of multiculturalism. Unit 3 Travel 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 旅行基础词汇 • 出行相关：_____________（行程）、_____________（出发）、_____________（到达）、_____________（交通）、_____________（航班）、_____________（火车票）、_____________（路线）、_____________（目的地） • 住宿与餐饮：_____________（酒店）、_____________（客栈）、_____________（度假村）、_____________（入住）、_____________（退房）、_____________（当地美食）、_____________（小吃）、_____________（自助餐） • 景点与体验：_____________（风景）、_____________（景观）、_____________（景点）、_____________（文物古迹）、_____________（自然奇观）、_____________（纪念品）、_____________（观光）、_____________（探险） 2. 情感与感受词汇 • 积极感受：_____________（令人兴奋的）、_____________（迷人的）、_____________（难忘的）、_____________（令人印象深刻的）、_____________（愉快的）、_____________（令人放松的）、_____________（绝妙的） • 评价与感悟：_____________（极好的）、_____________（值得的）、_____________（有意义的）、_____________（拓宽）、_____________（丰富）、_____________（欣赏）、_____________（珍惜） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 时间顺序：_____________（首先）、_____________（然后）、_____________（之后）、_____________（最后）、_____________（旅行期间）、_____________（第一天）、_____________（旅行结束时） • 因果关系：_____________（因为）、_____________（由于）、_____________（因此）、_____________（以便） • 转折与递进：_____________（然而）、_____________（尽管）、_____________（此外）、_____________（而且）、_____________（另外） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出旅行主题、目的地） • Travel is a wonderful way to relax ourselves, broaden our horizons and experience different cultures. • Last summer vacation, I went on a trip to [目的地], which left me a deep and unforgettable impression. • As one of the most famous scenic spots in China, [目的地] attracts thousands of tourists from home and abroad every year. • I have been looking forward to visiting [目的地] for a long time, and finally I realized my dream during the holiday. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍行程、风景、体验、感受） • 行程安排： ◦ We set off from [出发地] by [交通方式] on the morning of [日期], and it took us [时间] to reach [目的地]. ◦ According to the itinerary we arranged in advance, we visited [景点1] on the first day and [景点2] on the second day. ◦ Before the trip, we reserved a hotel near the scenic spot and checked in smoothly after arriving. • 风景与体验： ◦ The scenery there was absolutely breathtaking. Green mountains and clear rivers stretched as far as the eye could see. ◦ Standing on the top of the mountain, we could enjoy the whole view of the city, which was really magnificent. ◦ We tried a lot of local snacks, such as [小吃名称], which were delicious and left a deep impression on us. ◦ I took many photos with my camera to record the beautiful moments during the trip. • 感受与收获： ◦ Walking in the ancient town, I felt as if I had stepped back into the old times and experienced the traditional culture. ◦ Communicating with local people helped me learn more about their customs and living habits. ◦ This trip not only made me relax after busy study but also let me know more about the beauty of our country. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达感受、总结收获、展望未来） • In conclusion, this trip to [目的地] was one of the most unforgettable experiences in my life. I will cherish the memories forever. • Looking back on the trip, I gained a lot. It broadened my horizons, enriched my life experience and made me more eager to explore the world. • All in all, traveling is a valuable experience that can help us grow. I hope I can have more chances to visit different places and enjoy the beauty of the world in the future. • Although the trip was short, it left me a lot of sweet memories. I believe these experiences will become precious treasures in my life. 范文背诵： An Unforgettable Trip to Lijiang Last winter vacation, I went on a trip to Lijiang with my parents, and this experience has become one of the most unforgettable memories in my life. We set off from our hometown by plane early in the morning. After a two-hour flight, we arrived in Lijiang. The first thing that impressed me was the fresh air and blue sky there. We had reserved a traditional Naxi-style inn in advance, which was decorated with wooden furniture and beautiful flowers, making us feel warm and comfortable. During the trip, we visited many famous scenic spots. On the first day, we went to the Old Town of Lijiang. Walking on the stone streets, we saw many ancient buildings with unique styles. The canals flowing through the town added a lot of charm to this ancient place. We also visited some local shops and bought some hand-made souvenirs, such as silver jewelry and tie-dye cloth. In the evening, we enjoyed the beautiful night view of the Old Town, with bright lights reflecting on the water, creating a fairy-tale scene. On the second day, we went to Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. When we reached the foot of the mountain, we were shocked by the magnificent scenery. The snow-capped peaks stood tall in the sky, and the white snow matched the green pine trees, forming a beautiful picture. We took the cable car to the middle of the mountain and walked up slowly. Although the air was thin and we felt a little tired, the beautiful scenery around kept us going. Standing on the viewing platform, we could see the whole mountain range, which was really breathtaking. Besides the beautiful scenery, we also tasted a lot of local cuisine. The braised pork ribs with snow fungus and Lijiang Baba were especially delicious. We also communicated with local Naxi people, who were very friendly and told us many interesting stories about Lijiang. This trip to Lijiang not only let me enjoy the beautiful natural scenery and unique ethnic culture but also made me relax a lot after busy study. It broadened my horizons and made me realize the diversity and beauty of our country. I will cherish this unforgettable memory forever and hope to visit more beautiful places in China in the future. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 传统习俗基础词汇 • 节日相关：_____________（节日）、_____________（庆典）、_____________（狂欢节）、_____________（中秋节）、_____________（端午节）、_____________（除夕夜）、_____________（习俗）、_____________（仪式） • 文化传承：_____________（遗产）、_____________（传承）、_____________（保护）、_____________（传递）、_____________（传统的）、_____________（原始的）、_____________（祖先）、_____________（世代） • 节日活动：_____________（装饰）、_____________（团聚）、_____________（交换）、_____________（盛装）、_____________（游行）、_____________（祭祀）、_____________（赏灯）、_____________（吃饺子） 2. 情感与态度词汇 • 认同与重视：_____________（珍视）、_____________（重视）、_____________（尊重）、_____________（欣赏）、_____________（重视） • 感悟与评价：_____________（有意义的）、_____________（意味深长的）、_____________（珍贵的）、_____________（独特的）、_____________（象征性的）、_____________（文化的） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 时间顺序：_____________（几个世纪以来）、_____________（代代相传）、_____________（在这个特殊的日子里）、_____________（节日期间） • 因果关系：_____________（因为）、_____________（因此）、_____________（以便）、_____________（为了） • 递进与补充：_____________（此外）、_____________（而且）、_____________（另外）、_____________（此外） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出习俗主题、节日背景） • Traditional customs are the soul of a nation's culture, carrying the memories and values of generations. • As one of the most important traditional festivals in China, [节日名称] has a long history and rich cultural connotations. • For centuries, [习俗名称] has been passed down from generation to generation, becoming an indispensable part of people's life. • When it comes to Chinese traditional customs, the first thing that comes to mind is the various festivals full of cultural meanings. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍习俗起源、节日活动、文化内涵） • 起源与历史： ◦ The Dragon Boat Festival originated in the Warring States Period, initially to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. ◦ According to historical records, this custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, and has been continuously enriched and developed. ◦ It is said that the custom of eating mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Tang Dynasty, symbolizing family reunion. • 节日活动： ◦ During the Spring Festival, families will decorate their houses with red lanterns and Spring Festival couplets to welcome the new year. ◦ On Dragon Boat Festival, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi to inherit the traditional culture. ◦ During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members gather together to appreciate the full moon and share mooncakes, expressing their longing for reunion. • 文化内涵： ◦ These traditional customs not only bring people joy and warmth but also carry the nation's cultural heritage and spiritual beliefs. ◦ Every custom has its unique symbolic meaning, reflecting the values and life wisdom of the Chinese nation. ◦ Preserving traditional customs is of great significance for maintaining cultural diversity and enhancing national identity. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达观点、呼吁传承、展望未来） • In conclusion, traditional customs are precious cultural heritage that we should cherish and pass on to future generations. • All in all, while keeping up with the times, we should not forget our traditional roots, and strive to protect and inherit these valuable customs. • Looking forward, we need to combine tradition with modernity, so that traditional customs can glow with new vitality in the new era. • It is our responsibility to inherit and develop traditional customs, so that the excellent cultural heritage of the nation can be carried forward forever. 范文背诵： My Favorite Traditional Festival – Mid-Autumn Festival Among all Chinese traditional festivals, the Mid-Autumn Festival is my favorite, not only because of the delicious mooncakes but also because it carries the profound meaning of family reunion. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year, when the moon is the roundest and brightest of the year. It has a history of more than 2,000 years, originating from the ancient moon-worshipping customs. As time goes by, it has gradually evolved into a festival for family reunion, and its cultural connotation has been continuously enriched. Every year on Mid-Autumn Festival, my family will gather at my grandparents' home to celebrate. In the afternoon, we will help grandma prepare the dinner together. There are always a lot of delicious dishes on the table, such as braised pork, steamed fish and various snacks. The most indispensable is the mooncakes – there are many flavors, such as red bean paste, lotus seed paste and egg yolk, each of which is delicious. As night falls, the full moon rises slowly in the sky, bright and round like a silver plate. We will move the table to the yard, put mooncakes, fruits and other snacks on it, and sit together to appreciate the moon. Grandpa will tell us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon, which we have heard many times but still feel interesting. We chat happily, share the interesting things in life and express our longing for family members who are not around. At that moment, the yard is filled with warmth and joy. The Mid-Autumn Festival is not only a festival for eating mooncakes and appreciating the moon but also a carrier of family affection and traditional culture. It lets us know the importance of family reunion and teaches us to cherish the time with our relatives. In today's fast-paced life, these traditional festivals remind us to slow down and feel the warmth of family and the charm of culture. I believe that as long as we cherish and inherit these traditional festivals, the excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation will be passed down from generation to generation and glow with eternal vitality. 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) Unit 1 School Life 1. We need to _____________(适应) to the new school life as soon as possible. 2. The school _____________(组织) various extracurricular activities every term. 3. She is _____________(流利的) in English, so she often helps classmates with oral practice. 4. It is important to _____________(平衡) study and rest during senior high school. 5. He made great _____________(成就) in English learning through hard work. 6. We should _____________(致力于) more time to improving our listening skills. 7. The _____________(校园) is full of green trees and beautiful flowers in spring. 8. She was _____________(录取) to the school's English club because of her excellent performance. 9. Participating in volunteer activities is a _____________(有意义的) experience for students. 10. We need to _____________(注册) for the upcoming English contest before next Friday. Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. We should _____________(尊重) the cultural differences between different countries. 2. It is important to _____________(交流) with others to avoid misunderstandings. 3. The red color _____________(象征) happiness and good luck in Chinese culture. 4. She can speak three languages _____________(流利地), including English and French. 5. We need to _____________(适应) to the local customs when traveling abroad. 6. The festival is part of our cultural _____________(遗产) and should be passed down. 7. He failed to _____________(区分) between the two similar English words. 8. It never _____________(发生；想到) to me that language could reflect culture so deeply. 9. We should _____________(欣赏) the beauty of different cultures in the world. 10. The teacher asked us to _____________(翻译) the English poem into Chinese. Unit 3 Travel 1. We need to _____________(预订) a hotel room in advance before traveling to the tourist city. 2. The beautiful scenery of the lake _____________(吸引) a large number of visitors last summer. 3. She spent a lot of time _____________(安排) the travel itinerary for her family. 4. It is very _____________(方便的) to take the high-speed rail to travel around China. 5. Traveling can _____________(拓宽) our horizons and enrich our life experience. 6. We should make a detailed _____________(预算) before starting the trip to avoid overspending. 7. The ancient temple is a famous _____________(风景优美的) spot with a long history. 8. He felt _____________(放松的) after the trip, away from the pressure of study. 9. The guide gave us a lot of useful tips to _____________(探索) the local culture. 10. We will _____________(出发) for Beijing early tomorrow morning by plane. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. We should _____________(保护) traditional customs to pass down cultural heritage. 2. People usually _____________(装饰) their houses with red lanterns during the Spring Festival. 3. The Dragon Boat Festival is a _____________(传统的) Chinese festival in memory of Qu Yuan. 4. It is a common _____________(习俗) to exchange gifts during Christmas. 5. The _____________(庆祝活动) of the National Day will be held in the city square. 6. We need to _____________(尊重) the local customs when traveling to different regions. 7. This tradition has been _____________(传递) down from generation to generation for centuries. 8. The _____________(重要性) of preserving traditional culture can't be ignored. 9. Many people _____________(聚集) with their families to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. 10. The _____________(起源) of this custom can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. 题型 022 单句语法填空(一词多变，活学活用) Unit 1 School Life 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is important for students to take part in _____________(vary) after-school activities to enrich their school life. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) The teacher encouraged us _____________ (devote) ourselves to English study and make progress step by step. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Not only my classmates but also my teacher _____________(support) my decision to join the English speech contest. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) It took me nearly a month _____________ (adapt) to the new study rhythm in senior high school. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) The more you practice speaking English, the more _____________(fluent) you will become. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) She is looking forward to _____________(attend) the international exchange meeting held by the school. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The school library, which was built last year, provides a good environment _____________students to study. 8. (2022·天津卷) He came up with a new method _____________ (solve) the problem in English writing. 9. (2021·北京卷) With the teacher's help, I have made great progress in _____________(master) English grammar. 10. (2020·山东卷) There is no doubt that school life _____________(play) a key role in teenagers' growth. Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. (2023·全国乙卷) There is no denying that language plays an important role in cultural _____________(communicate). 2. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The reason why he is good at cross-cultural communication is that he _____________(study) foreign cultures for many years. 3. (2021·全国甲卷) When it comes to _____________(learn) a foreign language, we should pay attention to its cultural background. 4. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷) We need to avoid _____________(make) mistakes in language usage due to cultural differences. 5. (2019·全国Ⅲ卷) The more we know about different cultures, the _____________(good) we can communicate with people from other countries. 6. (2018·全国Ⅰ卷) She is familiar with English customs because she_____________ (live) in London for three years. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The idiom, which _____________(stand) for good luck, is widely used in daily communication. 8. (2022·天津卷) He came _____________an interesting English story while he was reading a magazine. 9. (2021·北京卷) It is necessary that we should _____________(respect) the cultural diversity of the world. 10. (2020·山东卷) Not until she went abroad did she realize the importance of _____________(she) mother tongue. Unit 3 Travel 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is the first time that I_____________ (visit) the West Lake, which is famous for its beautiful scenery. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) We need to book the flight tickets_____________(advance) to get a better price during the travel peak. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The more places we travel to, the more _____________(impressive) memories we will have. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) She was attracted by the _____________(fascinate) landscape of the countryside during the trip. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) In order_____________ (make) the trip smooth, we should prepare enough supplies before departure. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) Not only my parents but also I _____________(look forward to) the upcoming trip to Tibet. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The hotel where we stayed during the trip _____________(provide) free breakfast for guests. 8. (2022·天津卷) While _____________(travel) in Yunnan, I met many friendly local people. 9. (2021·北京卷) There is no doubt that traveling _____________(play) an important role in improving our interpersonal skills. 10. (2020·山东卷) He spent three days _____________(explore) the ancient town and taking photos of the traditional buildings. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is a tradition that families _____________(gather) together to have a big meal on Spring Festival Eve. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) With the development of society, more and more people begin to pay attention to _____________(preserve) traditional customs. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The reason why we celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival is that we _____________(want) to express the desire for family reunion. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Not only my parents but also I_____________ (be interested in) learning about traditional folk customs. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) The festival, which _____________(date) back to 2000 years ago, is still popular among young people. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) People dress up and hold parades _____________(honor) the ancient hero during the festival. 7. (2023·浙江卷) It is believed that traditional customs _____________(play) an important role in enhancing national identity. 8. (2022·天津卷) While _____________(visit) the ancient town, we learned a lot about local traditional crafts. 9. (2021·北京卷) She spent a lot of time _____________(learn) about the origin of traditional festivals. 10. (2020·山东卷) The custom of eating zongzi _____________ (pass) down in China for thousands of years. 题型 032 完成句子(精彩句型，活学即用) Unit 1 School Life 1. 题目：It is necessary for us ________________ (充分利用) the school resources to improve our English. 2. 题目：________________ (在……开始时) senior high school, I was not used to the heavy study tasks. 3. 题目：My deskmate is always ready to help me when I ________________ (遇到困难) in English learning. 4. 题目：________________ (不仅学生们而且老师) is looking forward to the school sports meeting. 5. 题目：We should learn to ________________ (独立思考) instead of relying on others all the time. 6. 题目：She spent half an hour ________________ (完成英语作业) yesterday evening. 7. 题目：________________ (毫无疑问) that joining the English club helps improve oral English. 8. 题目：He ________________ (负责) the class English study and often organizes English corner activities. 9. 题目：In addition to study, we should also ________________ (积极参与) extracurricular activities. 10. 题目：I am grateful to my English teacher because she ________________ (给我提供了很多帮助) in my study. Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. 题目：It is necessary for us ________________ (利用这次机会) to learn about Western culture. 2. 题目：________________ (当提到语言学习时), we should not only memorize words but also understand culture. 3. 题目：The reason why I like learning English ________________ (是因为它能帮助我了解不同的文化). 4. 题目：We should ________________ (避免在跨文化交流中犯错误) by learning cultural customs. 5. 题目：________________ (不可否认的是) language is closely connected with culture. 6. 题目：Chinese culture ________________ (由许多不同的元素组成), such as traditional festivals and folk art. 7. 题目：She ________________ (熟悉英国的风俗习惯) because she studied in the UK for a year. 8. 题目：Not until I participated in the exchange program ________________ (我才意识到文化理解的重要性). 9. 题目：We need to ________________ (搭建文化交流的桥梁) to promote mutual understanding. 10. 题目：In terms of cross-cultural communication, ________________ (尊重差异) is the key to effective communication. Unit 3 Travel 1. 题目：We plan to ________________ (出发去西安) by high-speed rail next weekend. 2. 题目：________________ (第一次去上海)，I was deeply impressed by its modern skyline. 3. 题目：It is worthwhile ________________ (花时间欣赏) the natural scenery in Guilin. 4. 题目：We need to ________________ (提前预订机票) to save money during the Spring Festival holiday. 5. 题目：________________ (以防下雨)，we should take an umbrella with us when traveling. 6. 题目：Traveling not only helps us relax ________________ (而且能让我们了解不同的文化). 7. 题目：She ________________ (对云南的风景印象深刻) because of its unique natural beauty. 8. 题目：________________ (为了体验当地文化)，we decided to live in a local inn instead of a hotel. 9. 题目：It took them two hours ________________ (到达目的地) by bus. 10. 题目：________________ (无论我们去哪里旅行)，we should respect the local customs and habits. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. 题目：People usually ________________ (盛装打扮) to attend the wedding ceremony in this region. 2. 题目：________________ (随着互联网的发展), more people can learn about traditional customs online. 3. 题目：It is a tradition in China ________________ (在中秋节吃月饼). 4. 题目：The Dragon Boat Festival ________________ (举办) every year to memorize Qu Yuan. 5. 题目：________________ (为了纪念我们的祖先), we hold a grand ceremony every Spring Festival. 6. 题目：This traditional craft ________________ (已经代代相传) for more than 500 years. 7. 题目：We should ________________ (重视保护传统文化) to maintain cultural diversity. 8. 题目：________________ (人们认为) traditional customs are the spiritual bond of a nation. 9. 题目：The custom of贴春联 (putting up Spring Festival couplets) ________________ (象征着) good luck and happiness. 10. 题目：Not until I studied this unit ________________ (我才意识到) the importance of traditional customs. Unit 1 School Life 1. attend / take part in / join / join in • attend：侧重“出席、参加”正式场合（如会议、课程、婚礼等），是及物动词，后接名词，不强调参与的主动性和互动性。例：She attends English classes every morning.（她每天早上上英语课。） • take part in：侧重“参与”有组织、有规模的集体活动（如运动会、比赛、公益活动等），强调积极参与的态度。例：All students took part in the school sports meeting.（所有学生都参加了校运动会。） • join：侧重“加入”某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中一员，后接组织名称或人称代词宾格。例：He joined the English club last term.（他上学期加入了英语俱乐部。） • join in：侧重“参与”正在进行的小型活动（如聊天、游戏、讨论等），后接名词或动名词，可与take part in互换（但更口语化）。例：Can I join in your discussion?（我能加入你们的讨论吗？） 2. adapt / adjust • adapt：侧重“适应”全新的、陌生的环境或情况，常与介词to搭配，强调改变自身以契合外部条件，语气较强。例：It takes time to adapt to senior high school life.（适应高中生活需要时间。） • adjust：侧重“调整、调节”以适应细微变化，可接介词to，也可接名词（如调整设备、计划等），语气较温和，强调微调。例：She adjusted her study plan to fit the new schedule.（她调整了学习计划以适应新的作息。） 3. vary / differ • vary：侧重“变化、有差异”，强调同一事物在不同时间、地点的多样性，常与in/with搭配。例：The teaching methods vary from teacher to teacher.（不同老师的教学方法各不相同。） • differ：侧重“不同、有区别”，强调两者或多者之间的本质差异，常与from/with搭配（differ from表“与……不同”，differ with表“与……意见不一”）。例：My study habits differ from those of my deskmate.（我的学习习惯和同桌的不一样。） 4. prepare / prepare for / be prepared for • prepare：及物动词，侧重“准备某物、筹备某事”，直接接宾语（如准备食物、会议等）。例：The teacher is preparing the lesson plan.（老师正在准备教案。） • prepare for：侧重“为……做准备”，宾语是要应对的事情（如考试、比赛等），强调准备的目的。例：We need to prepare for the upcoming English quiz.（我们需要为即将到来的英语小测验做准备。） • be prepared for：侧重“做好了应对……的准备”，强调状态，可理解为“ready for”。例：I am prepared for the challenges of senior high school.（我已做好应对高中挑战的准备。） 5. admit / accept • admit：侧重“承认（事实、错误）”或“录取（学生、成员）”，后可接名词、动名词或that从句。例：He admitted making a mistake in the English exam.（他承认在英语考试中犯了错。）/ She was admitted to the key high school.（她被这所重点高中录取了。） • accept：侧重“接受（礼物、邀请、观点等）”，强调主观上愿意接纳，后接名词或that从句，不表示“录取”。例：I accept your advice on improving oral English.（我接受你关于提升英语口语的建议。） 6. achieve / gain / obtain • achieve：侧重“实现、达成”长期目标、理想或成就，宾语多为抽象名词（如success、goal、achievement等），强调通过努力获得的成果。例：He worked hard to achieve his dream of entering a top university.（他努力学习以实现进入顶尖大学的梦想。） • gain：侧重“获得、赢得”具体利益（如财富、经验、分数等），强调通过努力或经历逐步积累。例：She gained a lot of experience from the volunteer activity.（她从志愿活动中获得了很多经验。） • obtain：侧重“获取、取得”正式或需要努力才能得到的东西（如许可、信息、证书等），语气较正式。例：We need to obtain permission from the teacher to use the library after class.（我们需要获得老师许可才能课后使用图书馆。） 7. available / accessible • available：侧重“可获得的、有空的”，修饰物品时表示“可买到、可使用”，修饰人时表示“有时间、有空”。例：Is this textbook available in the school bookstore?（这本课本在校书店能买到吗？）/ She is available to help us with English on weekends.（她周末有空帮我们辅导英语。） • accessible：侧重“可到达的、易理解的、可接近的”，修饰地点时表示“能到达”，修饰知识、语言时表示“易懂的”，修饰人时表示“易接近的”。例：The school library is accessible to all students.（所有学生都能进入学校图书馆。）/ This English article is accessible to junior high students.（这篇英语文章初中生也能看懂。） 8. challenge / difficulty • challenge：可作名词或动词，侧重“有挑战性的任务、挑战”，隐含“通过努力可克服，且克服后能获得成长”的意味，语气积极。例：Learning English grammar is a big challenge for me.（学习英语语法对我来说是个大挑战。） • difficulty：侧重“困难、难题”，强调事情本身的复杂性或阻碍性，语气较消极，常与in搭配（have difficulty in doing sth.）。例：I have difficulty in understanding English listening materials.（我在理解英语听力材料方面有困难。） 9. devote / donate • devote：侧重“致力于、奉献”，常与介词to搭配（devote oneself/sth. to doing sth.），宾语多为时间、精力、自身等。例：She devotes two hours every day to practicing English.（她每天花两小时练习英语。） • donate：侧重“捐赠、捐献”，常与介词to搭配（donate sth. to sb./sth.），宾语多为财物、书籍等实物。例：Many students donated books to the rural school.（很多学生向这所乡村学校捐赠了书籍。） 10. fluent / fluent ly • fluent：形容词，侧重“（语言、表达）流利的”，修饰名词（如fluent English、fluent speaker）。例：He is a fluent English speaker.（他是个英语说得很流利的人。） • fluently：副词，侧重“流利地”，修饰动词（如speak、write、express），放在动词后。例：She can speak three languages fluently.（她能流利地说三种语言。） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. convey / express • convey：侧重“传递、传达”抽象的情感、信息、意义等，常通过语言、动作、符号等载体实现，宾语多为抽象名词。例：Facial expressions can convey people's true feelings.（面部表情能传达人们的真实情感。） • express：侧重“表达、表述”主观的想法、观点、情绪等，强调直接、明确地展现内心想法，宾语可接抽象名词或that从句。例：She expressed her appreciation for the teacher's help in English learning.（她表达了对老师在英语学习上给予帮助的感激之情。） 2. respect / admire • respect：侧重“尊重、敬重”，源于对他人的品德、能力、地位或文化、传统的认可，语气庄重，可作动词或名词。例：We should respect the cultural traditions of all ethnic groups.（我们应该尊重各民族的文化传统。） • admire：侧重“钦佩、赞赏”，源于对他人的才华、成就、品质或某事物的优点的欣赏，带有羡慕的意味。例：I admire her for her fluent English and cross-cultural communication skills.（我钦佩她流利的英语和跨文化沟通能力。） 3. distinguish / differ • distinguish：侧重“区分、辨别”，指从相似的人或事物中找出差异，明确区分开来，常与from或between搭配。例：It's not easy to distinguish the two similar English idioms.（区分这两个相似的英语习语并不容易。） • differ：侧重“不同、有差异”，指两者或多者之间在本质、形式、内容等方面存在不同，常与from搭配表“与……不同”。例：The way of expressing politeness differs from culture to culture.（表达礼貌的方式因文化而异。） 4. occur / happen / take place • occur：侧重“发生、出现”，可指偶然发生的事，也可指想法、念头突然出现，常与to sb.搭配表示“某人想到”，正式程度中等。例：An interesting idea occurred to me when I was learning English idioms.（我学习英语习语时，突然想到一个有趣的点子。） • happen：侧重“偶然发生”，强调事情的突发性和不确定性，无被动语态，口语化程度高。例：A cultural misunderstanding happened during our communication with foreign students.（我们和外国学生交流时发生了一次文化误解。） • take place：侧重“发生、举行”，指有计划、有安排地进行某事，如会议、活动、赛事等，无被动语态，正式程度较高。例：A cross-cultural exchange activity will take place in our school next month.（我校下个月将举行一场跨文化交流活动。） 5. adapt / adjust / adopt • adapt：侧重“适应”陌生环境、新情况，或“改编”作品、内容，常与to搭配，强调改变自身或事物以契合需求。例：He quickly adapted to the new language environment after going abroad.（出国后，他很快适应了新的语言环境。） • adjust：侧重“调整、调节”，指对事物的细节、自身的状态进行微调，以适应细微变化，可接名词或与to搭配。例：You need to adjust your learning method to improve English translation skills.（你需要调整学习方法来提升英语翻译能力。） • adopt：侧重“采纳、采用”意见、方法、政策等，或“收养”孩子，与“适应”无关，注意区分词义。例：Our class adopted the suggestion of setting up an English corner to practice oral English.（我们班采纳了设立英语角练习口语的建议。） 6. appreciate / enjoy • appreciate：侧重“欣赏、感激”，既可以指欣赏文化、艺术、美景等，也可以指对他人的帮助、好意表示感激，后接名词、动名词或that从句。例：We should appreciate the beauty of different cultures in the world.（我们应该欣赏世界上不同文化的美。） • enjoy：侧重“享受、喜爱”，指从某件事、某个活动或某事物中获得乐趣和满足感，后接名词或动名词。例：I enjoy reading English novels because they help me understand Western culture.（我喜欢读英语小说，因为它们能帮助我了解西方文化。） 7. formal / normal • formal：侧重“正式的、规范的”，指符合礼仪、规则或特定场合要求的，与“informal（非正式的）”相对。例：We need to use formal language in business English communication.（商务英语沟通中需要使用正式语言。） • normal：侧重“正常的、常规的”，指符合一般情况、标准或预期的，与“abnormal（异常的）”相对。例：It's normal to encounter difficulties when learning a foreign language and its culture.（学习外语及其文化时遇到困难是正常的。） 8. avoid / escape • avoid：侧重“避免、避开”，指主动采取措施躲开不愿发生的事、不好的情况或不想接触的人，后接名词或动名词。例：We should learn cultural taboos to avoid misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication.（我们应该学习文化禁忌，避免跨文化沟通中的误解。） • escape：侧重“逃脱、逃离”，指从危险、困境、束缚中挣脱出来，或“避开”他人的注意、记忆等，可作及物或不及物动词。例：He tried to escape from the embarrassment caused by language mistakes.（他试图摆脱因语言错误带来的尴尬。） 9. translate / interpret • translate：侧重“翻译”书面的文字材料，如书籍、文章、文件等，将一种语言的文字转化为另一种语言的文字。例：She spent two hours translating the English article about cultural heritage into Chinese.（她花了两小时把这篇关于文化遗产的英语文章翻译成中文。） • interpret：侧重“口译”，指口头将一种语言转化为另一种语言，或“解读、阐释”事物的意义、内涵。例：The interpreter helped the foreign guests interpret the Chinese folk art works.（口译员帮助外国嘉宾解读中国民间艺术作品。） 10. consist of / be made up of / compose • consist of：侧重“由……组成”，表示整体由部分构成，无被动语态，主语为整体，宾语为部分，正式程度中等。例：A language consists of vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation.（语言由词汇、语法和发音构成。） • be made up of：侧重“由……组成”，与consist of含义相近，可用于被动语态，口语化和正式场合均可使用。例：Cultural heritage is made up of traditional customs, folk art and historical relics.（文化遗产由传统习俗、民间艺术和历史遗迹组成。） • compose：侧重“组成、构成”，正式程度较高，主语为部分，宾语为整体，常用被动语态be composed of。例：The English vocabulary is composed of words from different languages.（英语词汇由来自不同语言的单词构成。） Unit 3 Travel 1. travel / trip / journey / tour • travel：可作动词或不可数名词，侧重“旅行”的统称，无明确目的地或时长限制，泛指出行行为。例：Travel is a good way to relax.（旅行是放松的好方式。） • trip：可数名词，侧重“短途旅行、出行”，通常时间短、目的地明确，多为休闲或公务出行。例：We planned a two-day trip to the nearby mountain.（我们计划了一场为期两天的近郊登山之旅。） • journey：可数名词，侧重“长途旅行”，强调路程的遥远和途中的艰辛，常指陆路或海路的长途跋涉。例：The journey across the desert was full of challenges.（穿越沙漠的旅程充满了挑战。） • tour：可作名词或动词，侧重“观光游览、巡回旅行”，通常是有规划地参观多个地点，或带有表演、考察性质的行程。例：We took a tour of the ancient palace and learned about its history.（我们参观了这座古宫殿，了解了它的历史。） 2. attract / appeal to • attract：及物动词，侧重“吸引、引起兴趣”，直接接宾语，强调通过自身特质吸引他人或事物，用法更普遍。例：The beautiful beach attracts thousands of tourists every summer.（这片美丽的海滩每年夏天吸引着成千上万的游客。） • appeal to：动词短语，侧重“对……有吸引力、迎合……喜好”，间接接宾语（appeal to sb.），语气更委婉，强调符合对方的兴趣或需求。例：This travel route appeals to people who love outdoor adventures.（这条旅行路线对喜欢户外探险的人很有吸引力。） 3. arrange / organize • arrange：侧重“安排、筹备”具体的细节，如行程、时间、住宿等，强调对零散事项的梳理和规划，常与for搭配。例：I need to arrange a taxi to pick us up at the airport.（我需要安排一辆出租车去机场接我们。） • organize：侧重“组织、统筹”有规模的活动或事务，强调整合资源、协调人员，形成完整的体系或活动形式。例：The school organized a study tour to the cultural relics site.（学校组织了一场前往文物遗址的研学旅行。） 4. reserve / book • reserve：侧重“预订、预留”，强调为特定的人或目的保留某物（如座位、房间、名额等），正式程度较高，可用于实物或抽象事物。例：We reserved a private room in the local restaurant for dinner.（我们在当地餐厅预订了一个包间用餐。） • book：侧重“预订”交通、住宿、票务等服务，口语化和正式场合均可使用，使用范围更广泛，侧重通过官方渠道确认预订。例：She booked a flight ticket to Guangzhou on the airline's official website.（她在航空公司官网订了一张去广州的机票。） 5. explore / survey • explore：侧重“探索、考察”未知或陌生的地方、领域，强调带有好奇和发现的心态去探寻，可用于具体地点或抽象事物。例：We plan to explore the hidden scenic spots in the mountain.（我们计划去探索山里隐藏的景点。） • survey：侧重“调查、勘测”，强调为获取信息而进行的系统性观察、测量或调研，多用于学术、工程或市场领域。例：The geologists surveyed the area before developing the travel resort.（地质学家在开发旅游度假村前对该区域进行了勘测。） 6. convenient / comfortable • convenient：侧重“方便的、便利的”，形容事物符合需求、节省时间和精力，多修饰交通、设施、时间等。例：Taking the subway is convenient for traveling around the city.（乘坐地铁在城市里出行很方便。） • comfortable：侧重“舒适的、惬意的”，形容让人身心放松、没有不适感，多修饰住宿、衣物、环境等。例：The hotel room is spacious and comfortable, with a beautiful view of the lake.（这个酒店房间宽敞舒适，能看到美丽的湖景。） 7. depart / leave • depart：侧重“出发、启程”，正式用语，通常指按计划离开某地前往目的地，常与from搭配（depart from）。例：Our flight will depart from Beijing Capital Airport at 9 a.m.（我们的航班将于上午9点从北京首都机场起飞。） • leave：侧重“离开”，通用口语化词汇，可指随意离开某地，也可指出发旅行，用法更灵活，后接地点或for+目的地。例：We will leave for Shanghai tomorrow morning.（我们明天早上出发去上海。） 8. admire / appreciate • admire：侧重“欣赏、钦佩”，强调对他人的才华、品质或事物的美景、特质的赞叹，常与for搭配。例：We stood on the hilltop to admire the beautiful sunset over the sea.（我们站在山顶欣赏海上的绝美日落。） • appreciate：侧重“欣赏、感激”，既可以指品味事物的内涵、美感，也可以指对他人的帮助表示感谢，后接名词、动名词或that从句。例：I really appreciate the local people's kindness during my trip.（我非常感激旅行期间当地人们的友善。） 9. accommodate / contain • accommodate：侧重“为……提供住宿、容纳”，强调为他人提供居住场所或满足他人的需求，也可指空间能容纳一定数量的人或物。例：This hotel can accommodate up to 500 tourists.（这家酒店最多可容纳500名游客入住。） • contain：侧重“包含、容纳”，强调事物内部包含某种成分、内容，或容器、空间能容纳某物，不涉及“提供住宿”。例：The travel bag contains all the necessities for the trip.（这个旅行包里面装着旅行所需的所有必需品。） 10. budget / cost • budget：可作名词、动词或形容词，侧重“预算、规划开支”，指提前规划好的资金额度，或根据预算安排花费。例：We need to make a travel budget before going on a trip.（旅行前我们需要做一份旅行预算。） • cost：可作名词或动词，侧重“成本、费用”，指实际花费的金钱、时间或精力，或某物需要花费多少钱。例：The total cost of this trip is about 5,000 yuan per person.（这次旅行的人均总费用约5000元。） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. custom / tradition • custom：侧重“习俗、惯例”，指某个群体或地区长期形成的、日常遵循的行为方式，多与生活习惯、社交礼仪相关，可复数。例：It is a local custom to eat sweet dumplings on Lantern Festival.（元宵节吃汤圆是当地的习俗。） • tradition：侧重“传统”，指代代相传的文化、信仰、价值观或习俗，带有历史厚重感和传承意义，可复数，语气比custom更正式。例：Respecting elders is an important tradition of the Chinese nation.（敬老爱老是中华民族的重要传统。） 2. celebrate / observe • celebrate：侧重“庆祝、庆贺”，指通过举办活动、聚会等方式表达喜悦，对象多为节日、生日、成就等，强调热闹的氛围。例：People celebrate Christmas with family gatherings and gift-giving.（人们通过家庭团聚和赠送礼物庆祝圣诞节。） • observe：侧重“遵守；庆祝（正式）”，既可以指遵守规则、习俗，也可指以庄重的方式庆祝节日，不强调热闹，更侧重仪式感或遵从性。例：We observe the Spring Festival by sticking couplets and eating dumplings.（我们通过贴春联、吃饺子庆祝春节。）/ Everyone should observe traffic rules.（每个人都应遵守交通规则。） 3. preserve / conserve / reserve • preserve：侧重“保护、保存”，指维护事物的原有状态，防止损坏或消失，尤其适用于文化遗产、传统、食物等。例：We need to preserve ancient buildings to pass down historical culture.（我们需要保护古建筑以传承历史文化。） • conserve：侧重“节约、保护”，指合理利用资源，避免浪费，也可指保护自然环境、能源等。例：We should conserve water and electricity in daily life.（我们在日常生活中应节约用水用电。） • reserve：侧重“预订、预留”，指为特定目的保留某物（如座位、房间、名额），与“保护”无关。例：I need to reserve a table for two in the restaurant.（我需要在这家餐厅预订一个两人桌。） 4. decorate / adorn • decorate：侧重“装饰、布置”，指为了美观给场所、物品添加饰品，用法普遍，可用于日常场景或节日布置。例：We decorate the Christmas tree with lights and gifts every year.（我们每年都用彩灯和礼物装饰圣诞树。） • adorn：侧重“点缀、美化”，语气更正式典雅，多指用精致的物品装饰，使事物更具美感，多用于书面语。例：The hall is adorned with beautiful paintings and fresh flowers.（大厅里点缀着精美的画作和鲜花。） 5. gather / collect • gather：侧重“聚集、集合”，指人或物从各处汇聚到一起，也可指收集零散的物品，强调动作的过程。例：Family members gather together to have dinner on Mid-Autumn Festival.（中秋节家人们团聚在一起吃晚饭。）/ She gathered her books and left the classroom.（她收好书本离开了教室。） • collect：侧重“收集、搜集”，指有目的、有系统地收集同类物品，形成系列或储备，强调结果的完整性。例：He likes to collect stamps from different countries.（他喜欢收集各国的邮票。）/ The teacher collected the exam papers after class.（老师课后收了试卷。） 6. symbolize / represent • symbolize：侧重“象征、代表”，指某事物通过符号、形象等暗示另一事物的意义，强调抽象的关联。例：The red color symbolizes joy and good luck in Chinese culture.（在中国文化中，红色象征着喜悦和好运。） • represent：侧重“代表、体现”，指人或事物代表某个群体、概念或特质，可表示具体的代表，也可表示抽象的体现。例：The five-star red flag represents the People's Republic of China.（五星红旗代表中华人民共和国。）/ This custom represents the respect for ancestors.（这个习俗体现了对祖先的敬重。） 7. inherit / pass down • inherit：侧重“继承”，指从祖先或长辈那里得到财产、地位、传统等，主语是人，宾语是被继承的事物。例：He inherited the traditional craft from his grandfather.（他从祖父那里继承了这项传统手艺。） • pass down：侧重“传递、流传”，指将事物从一代传给下一代，主语是被传递的事物，常用被动语态或“sb. pass down sth.”结构。例：This folk song has been passed down for hundreds of years.（这首民歌已经流传了几百年。） 8. significant / important • significant：侧重“重要的、有意义的”，强调事物具有深远影响或特殊价值，语气比important更正式，多用于书面语。例：Preserving traditional customs is significant for cultural diversity.（保护传统习俗对文化多样性具有重要意义。） • important：侧重“重要的”，通用词汇，强调事物的必要性和影响力，可用于口语和书面语，使用范围更广。例：It is important to learn about different cultural customs when traveling abroad.（出国旅行时了解不同的文化习俗很重要。） 9. origin / source • origin：侧重“起源、根源”，指事物产生的最初原因、背景或历史起点，尤其适用于文化、习俗、物种等。例：The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival can be traced back to the Warring States Period.（端午节的起源可以追溯到战国时期。） • source：侧重“来源、源头”，指事物的出处、供给来源，可用于具体的物质（如水源、信息来源）或抽象的事物。例：Books are an important source of knowledge about traditional culture.（书籍是了解传统文化的重要来源。） 10. participate in / take part in / join • participate in：侧重“参与、参加”，正式用语，强调积极主动地参与活动、项目等，后接名词或动名词。例：Many young people participate in the activity of protecting cultural relics.（许多年轻人参与到保护文物的活动中。） • take part in：侧重“参加、参与”，通用词汇，语气比participate in更口语化，强调参与集体活动并发挥作用。例：All students took part in the traditional festival celebration held by the school.（所有学生都参加了学校举办的传统节日庆典。） • join：侧重“加入”，指加入某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中一员，后接组织名称或人称代词宾格。例：He joined the traditional music club to learn folk songs.（他加入了传统音乐俱乐部学习民歌。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 知识清单01必修第一册单元词汇短语句型梳理 清单 01 词类转换(变出精彩，举一反三) Unit 1 School Life 1. educate（v. 教育）→ education（n. 教育） 2. vary（v. 变化；改变）→ variety（n. 种类；多样性） 3. differ（v. 不同；有区别）→ different（adj. 不同的） 4. depend（v. 依赖；依靠）→ dependent（adj. 依赖的） 5. prepare（v. 准备）→ preparation（n. 准备） 6. organize（v. 组织）→ organization（n. 组织） 7. act（v. 行动；表现）→ active（adj. 积极的） 8. satisfy（v. 使满意）→ satisfaction（n. 满意） 9. admit（v. 承认；录取）→ admission（n. 录取；承认） 10. achieve（v. 实现；获得）→ achievement（n. 成就） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. vary（v. 变化；多样）→ variety（n. 种类；多样性） 2. differ（v. 不同；有差异）→ difference（n. 差异；区别） 3. exist（v. 存在；生存）→ existence（n. 存在；实有） 4. formal（adj. 正式的）→ formally（adv. 正式地） 5. equal（adj. 平等的；v. 等于）→ equality（n. 平等） 6. frequent（adj. 频繁的；经常的）→ frequently（adv. 频繁地） 7. translate（v. 翻译）→ translation（n. 翻译；译文） 8. appreciate（v. 欣赏；感激）→ appreciation（n. 欣赏；感谢） 9. communicate（v. 交流；沟通）→ communication（n. 交流；通讯） 10. recognize（v. 认出；认可）→ recognition（n. 认出；认可） Unit 3 Travel 1. travel（v./n. 旅行）→ traveler（n. 旅行者） 2. explore（v. 探索；探险）→ exploration（n. 探索；探险） 3. attract（v. 吸引）→ attractive（adj. 有吸引力的） 4. vary（v. 变化；多样）→ various（adj. 各种各样的） 5. satisfy（v. 使满意）→ satisfaction（n. 满意） 6. arrange（v. 安排；整理）→ arrangement（n. 安排；布置） 7. convenient（adj. 方便的）→ convenience（n. 方便；便利） 8. relax（v. 放松；休息）→ relaxation（n. 放松；消遣） 9. impress（v. 给……留下印象）→ impressive（adj. 令人印象深刻的） 10. occupy（v. 占用；占据）→ occupation（n. 职业；占用） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. tradition（n. 传统）→ traditional（adj. 传统的） 2. celebrate（v. 庆祝）→ celebration（n. 庆祝活动；庆典） 3. vary（v. 变化；多样）→ variety（n. 种类；多样性） 4. decorate（v. 装饰；布置）→ decoration（n. 装饰；装饰品） 5. observe（v. 观察；遵守；庆祝）→ observation（n. 观察；观测） 6. significant（adj. 重要的；有意义的）→ significance（n. 重要性；意义） 7. origin（n. 起源；源头）→ original（adj. 原始的；最初的） 8. appreciate（v. 欣赏；感激）→ appreciation（n. 欣赏；感谢） 9. admit（v. 承认；录取）→ admission（n. 承认；入场费） 10. participate（v. 参与；参加）→ participation（n. 参与；参加） 清单 02 识词知意(厚积薄发，熟能生巧) Unit 1 School Life 1. attend（v. 出席；参加）：attend class（上课）、attend a meeting（参加会议） 2. devote（v. 致力于；奉献）：devote oneself to（致力于）、devote time to（把时间用于） 3. exchange（v./n. 交换；交流）：exchange ideas（交流想法）、exchange sth. with sb.（与某人交换某物） 4. fluent（adj. 流利的）：fluent in English（英语流利）、speak fluent English（说流利的英语） 5. extra（adj. 额外的；附加的）：extra class（额外的课程）、extra time（额外时间） 6. challenge（n./v. 挑战）：face a challenge（面对挑战）、challenge oneself（挑战自己） 7. independent（adj. 独立的）：independent thinking（独立思考）、be independent of（不依赖） 8. available（adj. 可获得的；有空的）：available time（空闲时间）、be available for（可用于） 9. register（v./n. 注册；登记）：register for（注册；报名参加）、registration form（登记表） 10. participate（v. 参与；参加）：participate in（参与；参加）、participate actively（积极参与） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. occur（v. 发生；出现）：occur to sb.（某人想到）、occur naturally（自然发生） 2. convey（v. 传达；传递）：convey meaning（传达意思）、convey feelings（传递情感） 3. represent（v. 代表；象征）：represent a country（代表一个国家）、represent an idea（象征一种理念） 4. respect（v./n. 尊重；尊敬）：respect others（尊重他人）、show respect for（对……表示尊重） 5. appropriate（adj. 适当的；合适的）：appropriate behavior（得体的行为）、be appropriate for（适合……） 6. reflect（v. 反映；反射）：reflect culture（反映文化）、reflect on（思考；回想） 7. avoid（v. 避免；避开）：avoid mistakes（避免错误）、avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） 8. adapt（v. 适应；改编）：adapt to（适应）、adapt sth. for（为……改编某物） 9. ignore（v. 忽视；不理睬）：ignore warnings（忽视警告）、ignore sb.'s advice（不理会某人的建议） 10. distinguish（v. 区分；辨别）：distinguish A from B（区分A和B）、distinguish between right and wrong（分辨是非） Unit 3 Travel 1. explore（v. 探索；考察）：explore a new place（探索一个新地方）、explore cultural relics（考察文物） 2. attract（v. 吸引）：attract tourists（吸引游客）、be attracted by（被……吸引） 3. arrange（v. 安排；筹备）：arrange a trip（安排旅行）、arrange for sb. to do sth.（安排某人做某事） 4. accommodate（v. 为……提供住宿；容纳）：accommodate tourists（接待游客）、accommodate sb. with a room（为某人提供房间） 5. reserve（v./n. 预订；保留）：reserve a hotel room（预订酒店房间）、reserve sth. for sb.（为某人保留某物） 6. admire（v. 欣赏；钦佩）：admire the scenery（欣赏风景）、admire sb. for sth.（因某事钦佩某人） 7. depart（v. 出发；离开）：depart from the airport（从机场出发）、depart for Beijing（前往北京） 8. budget（n./v. 预算；规划开支）：make a travel budget（做旅行预算）、budget for the trip（为旅行规划开支） 9. suit（v. 适合；n. 套装）：suit one's schedule（适合某人的日程）、be suitable for（适合……，adj. 形式） 10. experience（v. 经历；n. 经验；经历）：experience different cultures（体验不同文化）、have rich travel experience（有丰富的旅行经验） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. celebrate（v. 庆祝；庆贺）：celebrate festivals（庆祝节日）、celebrate sb.'s birthday（为某人庆祝生日） 2. decorate（v. 装饰；布置）：decorate the house（装饰房子）、decorate with flowers（用鲜花装饰） 3. observe（v. 遵守；庆祝；观察）：observe customs（遵守习俗）、observe Spring Festival（庆祝春节）、observe carefully（仔细观察） 4. symbolize（v. 象征；代表）：symbolize good luck（象征好运）、symbolize peace（代表和平） 5. preserve（v. 保护；保存；维护）：preserve traditions（传承传统）、preserve cultural relics（保护文物） 6. pass down（v. 传递；流传）：pass down stories（流传故事）、pass down from generation to generation（代代相传） 7. gather（v. 聚集；集合；收集）：gather with family（和家人团聚）、gather information（收集信息） 8. exchange（v./n. 交换；交流）：exchange gifts（交换礼物）、exchange ideas（交流想法） 9. respect（v./n. 尊重；敬重）：respect local customs（尊重当地习俗）、show respect for elders（尊敬长辈） 10. represent（v. 代表；象征）：represent a culture（代表一种文化）、represent traditional values（象征传统价值观） 清单 03 高频短语(积少成多，活学活用) Unit 1 School Life 1. at the beginning of（在……开始时） 2. take part in（参加；参与） 3. in addition（此外；另外） 4. look forward to（期待；盼望） 5. make the most of（充分利用） 6. come up with（提出；想出） 7. on behalf of（代表） 8. keep up with（跟上；赶上） 9. in charge of（负责；掌管） 10. adapt to（适应） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. consist of（由……组成） 2. in terms of（就……而言；在……方面） 3. stand for（代表；象征） 4. take advantage of（利用） 5. differ from（与……不同） 6. in addition to（除……之外还有） 7. be responsible for（对……负责） 8. play a role in（在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用） 9. be familiar with（熟悉……） 10. come across（偶然遇到；碰到） Unit 3 Travel 1. set off（出发；动身） 2. take a trip（去旅行） 3. in advance（提前；预先） 4. be famous for（因……而著名） 5. in case（以防；万一） 6. look forward to（期待；盼望） 7. put up（住宿；张贴） 8. come along（一起来；进展） 9. take advantage of（利用） 10. on behalf of（代表） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. dress up（打扮；盛装打扮） 2. take place（发生；举行） 3. in memory of（为了纪念） 4. play a role in（在……中起作用；扮演角色） 5. hand down（传递；把……传下去） 6. in honor of（为了纪念；向……致敬） 7. consist of（由……组成） 8. participate in（参与；参加） 9. come into being（形成；产生） 10. with the development of（随着……的发展） 清单 04 高频句型(精彩句型，句句精彩) Unit 1 School Life 1. It is/was + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的） 例句：It is important for students to balance study and rest.（对学生来说，平衡学习和休息很重要。） 2. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分时遵循“就近原则” 例句：Not only does he study hard, but also he is good at sports.（他不仅学习努力，而且擅长运动。） 3. The more..., the more...（越……，越……） 例句：The more you practice speaking English, the more fluent you will be.（你练习英语口语越多，就会越流利。） 4. It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.（某人花费多长时间做某事） 例句：It takes me half an hour to finish my English homework every day.（我每天花半小时完成英语作业。） 5. There is no doubt that...（毫无疑问……） 例句：There is no doubt that school life plays an important role in our growth.（毫无疑问，校园生活在我们的成长中扮演着重要角色。） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. It is + 形容词 + that...（……是……的），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句 例句：It is important that we should respect different cultures in communication.（在交流中尊重不同的文化是很重要的。） 2. The reason why...is that...（……的原因是……），why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句 例句：The reason why I like learning English is that it helps me know more about foreign cultures.（我喜欢学英语的原因是它能帮助我了解更多外国文化。） 3. When it comes to...（当提到……时），to为介词，后接名词或动名词 例句：When it comes to cross-cultural communication, we need to pay attention to cultural differences.（当提到跨文化交流时，我们需要关注文化差异。） 4. Not until...did/do sb. do sth.（直到……才……），否定词置于句首，主句用部分倒装 例句：Not until I studied this unit did I realize the close relationship between language and culture.（直到学习了这个单元，我才意识到语言和文化之间的密切联系。） 5. There is no denying that...（不可否认的是……），that引导宾语从句 例句：There is no denying that language plays a key role in spreading cultural heritage.（不可否认的是，语言在传播文化遗产中起着关键作用。） Unit 3 Travel 1. It is/was + 形容词 + to do sth.（做某事是……的），it为形式主语，不定式为真正主语 例句：It is exciting to explore the ancient town with unique architecture.（探索这座有着独特建筑的古镇很令人兴奋。） 2. The best time to do sth. is...（做某事的最佳时间是……），不定式作后置定语 例句：The best time to visit Lijiang is in spring, when the scenery is the most beautiful.（去丽江旅游的最佳时间是春天，那时的风景最美。） 3. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分，遵循“就近原则” 例句：Travel not only broadens our horizons but also helps us understand different cultures.（旅行不仅能开阔我们的视野，还能帮助我们了解不同的文化。） 4. It is the first/second...time that sb. has/had done sth.（这是某人第一次/第二次……做某事），从句用相应完成时 例句：It is the first time that I have traveled abroad alone.（这是我第一次独自出国旅行。） 5. In order to/To...（为了……），不定式作目的状语 例句：In order to make the trip smooth, we need to arrange the itinerary carefully in advance.（为了让旅行顺利，我们需要提前精心安排行程。） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. It is a tradition that...（……是一种传统），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句 例句：It is a tradition that Chinese families gather together to have dinner on Spring Festival Eve.（中国家庭在除夕夜团聚吃年夜饭是一种传统。） 2. Not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分，遵循“就近原则” 例句：Not only does the festival carry traditional culture, but also it strengthens family ties.（这个节日不仅承载着传统文化，还能增进家庭纽带。） 3. With the development of..., more and more...（随着……的发展，越来越多的……），with复合结构作状语 例句：With the development of society, more and more young people begin to pay attention to preserving traditional customs.（随着社会的发展，越来越多的年轻人开始重视传承传统习俗。） 4. The reason why...is that...（……的原因是……），why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句 例句：The reason why we observe the Dragon Boat Festival is that we want to memorize the poet Qu Yuan.（我们庆祝端午节的原因是为了纪念诗人屈原。） 5. It is believed that...（人们认为……），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句，表普遍认知 例句：It is believed that traditional customs are an important part of a nation's cultural heritage.（人们认为传统习俗是一个民族文化遗产的重要组成部分。） 清单 05 单元写作(通用表达，范文背诵) Unit 1 School Life 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 校园生活基础词汇 • 校园设施：campus（校园）、lecture hall（报告厅）、library（图书馆）、gymnasium（体育馆）、dormitory（宿舍）、canteen（食堂） • 学习相关：course（课程）、seminar（研讨会）、assignment（作业）、quiz（小测验）、textbook（课本）、note-taking（记笔记） • 活动相关：club（社团）、extracurricular activity（课外活动）、sports meeting（运动会）、debate competition（辩论赛）、volunteer activity（志愿活动） 2. 情感与态度词汇 • 积极：excited（兴奋的）、enthusiastic（热情的）、grateful（感激的）、confident（自信的）、enjoyable（愉快的）、rewarding（有意义的） • 适应与成长：adapt（适应）、adjust（调整）、improve（提升）、develop（培养）、gain（获得）、master（掌握） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 递进：besides（此外）、furthermore（此外）、what's more（而且）、in addition（另外） • 转折：however（然而）、nevertheless（尽管如此）、yet（但是）、on the contrary（相反） • 总结：in conclusion（总之）、in a word（总而言之）、generally speaking（总的来说）、to sum up（总结） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出校园生活主题） • As a senior high school student, I have experienced a colorful and meaningful school life since I entered the campus. • My senior high school life, which is full of challenges and joys, has brought me a lot of growth and harvest. • When it comes to my school life, the first thing that comes to my mind is the warm atmosphere and friendly classmates. • It has been several months since I started my senior high school journey, and I have gradually adapted to the new study and living environment. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍学习、活动、人际关系） • 学习方面： ◦ We have a variety of courses, such as English, math and physics, which help us build a solid knowledge foundation. ◦ I used to struggle with English listening, but with the teacher's guidance and more practice, I have made great progress. ◦ The teachers in our school are not only knowledgeable but also patient, always ready to help us solve problems. • 活动方面： ◦ I take an active part in extracurricular activities, especially the English club, where I can practice my oral English and make friends. ◦ Last month, our class organized a sports meeting, and everyone tried their best to win honors for the class, which strengthened our teamwork spirit. ◦ Participating in volunteer activities has made me realize the importance of helping others and contributed to the campus community. • 人际关系方面： ◦ I am lucky to have many kind and supportive classmates. When I encounter difficulties, they always give me a hand. ◦ We often study together, discuss problems and share joys and sorrows, which makes my school life more warm and colorful. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达感受、展望未来） • In conclusion, my senior high school life is precious and unforgettable. It not only improves my academic performance but also shapes my personality. • Looking forward, I will cherish the remaining time in high school, study harder and make greater progress to live up to my youth. • From my school life, I have learned to be independent, cooperative and persistent, which will be valuable treasures in my future life. • I am grateful for the experience of senior high school life, which helps me grow into a better person and prepares me for the future. 范文背诵： My Colorful Senior High School Life Since I stepped into the campus of senior high school, I have been enjoying a colorful and meaningful life that is quite different from junior high school. In terms of study, we have more challenging courses and heavier learning tasks. At first, I felt a little stressed because I couldn't keep up with the teacher's pace in math class. Fortunately, my math teacher noticed my difficulty and gave me targeted guidance after class. With his help and my continuous efforts, I gradually made progress and became more confident in learning. Besides, we have various seminars and study groups, where we can exchange ideas with classmates and deepen our understanding of knowledge. Outside the classroom, extracurricular activities are equally wonderful. I joined the English club as soon as I entered the school. Every Wednesday afternoon, we gather in the lecture hall to practice oral English, watch English movies and hold debates. Through these activities, my English level has been greatly improved, and I have made many friends who share the same interest. Last month, our school held a sports meeting. I took part in the 800-meter race. Although I didn't win the first prize, the encouragement from my classmates and the experience of challenging myself made me feel very meaningful. What makes my school life more warm is the relationship with classmates and teachers. My classmates are very friendly and helpful. Whenever I have difficulties in study or life, they are always willing to lend a hand. Teachers are not only our instructors in study but also our friends in life. They care about our growth and often communicate with us to understand our thoughts and needs. In a word, my senior high school life is full of joys and growth. It teaches me to be independent, brave and cooperative. I will cherish every moment here, study hard and strive to become a better person. I believe that this precious experience will lay a solid foundation for my future life. Unit 2 Language and Culture 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 语言与文化基础词汇 • 语言相关：mother tongue（母语）、dialect（方言）、idiom（习语）、pronunciation（发音）、vocabulary（词汇）、grammar（语法）、bilingual（双语的）、multilingual（多语的） • 文化相关：culture（文化）、custom（习俗）、tradition（传统）、heritage（遗产）、customs and habits（风俗习惯）、value（价值观）、symbol（象征）、folk art（民间艺术） 2. 文化交流与理解词汇 • 交流类：communicate（交流）、exchange（交换）、interact（互动）、spread（传播）、convey（传达）、bridge（搭建桥梁）、promote（促进） • 理解类：understand（理解）、respect（尊重）、appreciate（欣赏）、recognize（认可）、adapt to（适应）、distinguish（区分）、avoid（避免） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 因果：because of（因为）、due to（由于）、as a result（因此）、therefore（因此） • 举例：for example（例如）、for instance（比如）、such as（比如）、take...as an example（以……为例） • 总结：in conclusion（总之）、in summary（概括来说）、to conclude（总而言之）、all in all（总的来说） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出语言与文化主题） • Language is not only a tool for communication but also a carrier of culture, reflecting the values and customs of a nation. • When it comes to the relationship between language and culture, it is universally acknowledged that they are closely connected and cannot be separated. • As the world becomes more interconnected, cross-cultural communication is increasingly frequent, and understanding the link between language and culture has become more important than ever. • Every language has its unique cultural background, and learning a language means learning the culture behind it. 2. 中间描述句式（阐述语言与文化的关系、文化差异、交流建议） • 语言与文化的关联： ◦ Language is deeply rooted in culture, and many words and idioms can only be truly understood with the knowledge of cultural background. ◦ Different cultures shape different languages, and the differences in language usage also reflect the differences in cultural values. ◦ Cultural heritage can be passed down from generation to generation through language, which plays an irreplaceable role in cultural inheritance. • 文化差异与应对： ◦ There are great differences in language habits between Eastern and Western cultures. For example, people in China often use polite expressions to show respect, while Westerners tend to be more direct. ◦ When communicating with people from different cultures, we should avoid cultural misunderstandings by learning their language customs and values. ◦ Respecting cultural differences and understanding the connotation of language can help us achieve effective cross-cultural communication. • 文化交流的意义： ◦ Learning foreign languages helps us know more about foreign cultures and broaden our horizons. ◦ Cultural exchange can promote mutual understanding between nations and build a bridge of friendship between different countries. ◦ By learning and communicating, we can absorb the essence of different cultures and enrich our own cultural connotation. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达观点、展望未来） • In conclusion, language and culture are interdependent. We should not only master the language itself but also understand the cultural background behind it when learning a language. • All in all, respecting cultural differences and promoting cultural exchange are crucial for us to adapt to the globalized world and build a harmonious multicultural society. • Looking forward, we should take language as a bridge to learn from different cultures, carry forward our own cultural heritage, and contribute to cultural diversity. • It is our responsibility to protect and inherit our own culture while learning foreign languages, so as to achieve the coexistence and development of different cultures. 范文背诵： The Close Relationship Between Language and Culture As an important part of human civilization, language and culture are closely linked and influence each other. Learning a language is never just about mastering words and grammar, but also about understanding the cultural connotation behind it. Language is the carrier of culture, which records and conveys the history, customs and values of a nation. For example, there are many idioms related to tea in Chinese, such as "chayi shenhou" (profound friendship like tea), which reflects the important position of tea culture in Chinese society. Similarly, English has many expressions related to religion and literature, such as "apple of one's eye", which comes from the Bible and means "a person who is cherished very much". Without understanding the cultural background, it is difficult to truly grasp the meaning of these expressions. On the other hand, culture shapes language and affects its development and usage. Different cultural values lead to differences in language habits. For instance, Chinese people are used to using indirect expressions to show politeness, such as saying "I'm sorry to trouble you" when asking for help. However, Westerners tend to be more direct, often saying "Could you help me?" directly. In addition, the same word may have different meanings in different cultural contexts. The word "dragon" in Chinese symbolizes auspiciousness and power, but in Western culture, it is often regarded as a ferocious monster. Such cultural differences often lead to misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication if we only focus on the literal meaning of language. In the era of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more frequent. To achieve effective communication, we must pay attention to the relationship between language and culture. When learning a foreign language, we should not only memorize words and sentences but also learn about its cultural background, including customs, values and historical stories. At the same time, we should also spread our own culture through our mother tongue, so that people from other countries can understand Chinese culture better. In a word, language and culture are inseparable. Only by understanding the connection between them can we truly master a language and achieve smooth cross-cultural communication. Let's take language as a bridge to promote cultural exchange and contribute to the development of multiculturalism. Unit 3 Travel 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 旅行基础词汇 • 出行相关：itinerary（行程）、departure（出发）、arrival（到达）、transportation（交通）、flight（航班）、train ticket（火车票）、route（路线）、destination（目的地） • 住宿与餐饮：hotel（酒店）、inn（客栈）、resort（度假村）、check in（入住）、check out（退房）、local cuisine（当地美食）、snack（小吃）、buffet（自助餐） • 景点与体验：scenery（风景）、landscape（景观）、scenic spot（景点）、historical relics（文物古迹）、natural wonder（自然奇观）、souvenir（纪念品）、sightseeing（观光）、adventure（探险） 2. 情感与感受词汇 • 积极感受：thrilling（令人兴奋的）、fascinating（迷人的）、unforgettable（难忘的）、impressive（令人印象深刻的）、joyful（愉快的）、relaxing（令人放松的）、marvelous（绝妙的） • 评价与感悟：fantastic（极好的）、worthwhile（值得的）、rewarding（有意义的）、broaden（拓宽）、enrich（丰富）、appreciate（欣赏）、cherish（珍惜） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 时间顺序：firstly（首先）、then（然后）、after that（之后）、finally（最后）、during the trip（旅行期间）、on the first day（第一天）、at the end of the trip（旅行结束时） • 因果关系：because of（因为）、due to（由于）、as a result（因此）、so that（以便） • 转折与递进：however（然而）、although（尽管）、besides（此外）、what's more（而且）、in addition（另外） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出旅行主题、目的地） • Travel is a wonderful way to relax ourselves, broaden our horizons and experience different cultures. • Last summer vacation, I went on a trip to [目的地], which left me a deep and unforgettable impression. • As one of the most famous scenic spots in China, [目的地] attracts thousands of tourists from home and abroad every year. • I have been looking forward to visiting [目的地] for a long time, and finally I realized my dream during the holiday. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍行程、风景、体验、感受） • 行程安排： ◦ We set off from [出发地] by [交通方式] on the morning of [日期], and it took us [时间] to reach [目的地]. ◦ According to the itinerary we arranged in advance, we visited [景点1] on the first day and [景点2] on the second day. ◦ Before the trip, we reserved a hotel near the scenic spot and checked in smoothly after arriving. • 风景与体验： ◦ The scenery there was absolutely breathtaking. Green mountains and clear rivers stretched as far as the eye could see. ◦ Standing on the top of the mountain, we could enjoy the whole view of the city, which was really magnificent. ◦ We tried a lot of local snacks, such as [小吃名称], which were delicious and left a deep impression on us. ◦ I took many photos with my camera to record the beautiful moments during the trip. • 感受与收获： ◦ Walking in the ancient town, I felt as if I had stepped back into the old times and experienced the traditional culture. ◦ Communicating with local people helped me learn more about their customs and living habits. ◦ This trip not only made me relax after busy study but also let me know more about the beauty of our country. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达感受、总结收获、展望未来） • In conclusion, this trip to [目的地] was one of the most unforgettable experiences in my life. I will cherish the memories forever. • Looking back on the trip, I gained a lot. It broadened my horizons, enriched my life experience and made me more eager to explore the world. • All in all, traveling is a valuable experience that can help us grow. I hope I can have more chances to visit different places and enjoy the beauty of the world in the future. • Although the trip was short, it left me a lot of sweet memories. I believe these experiences will become precious treasures in my life. 范文背诵： An Unforgettable Trip to Lijiang Last winter vacation, I went on a trip to Lijiang with my parents, and this experience has become one of the most unforgettable memories in my life. We set off from our hometown by plane early in the morning. After a two-hour flight, we arrived in Lijiang. The first thing that impressed me was the fresh air and blue sky there. We had reserved a traditional Naxi-style inn in advance, which was decorated with wooden furniture and beautiful flowers, making us feel warm and comfortable. During the trip, we visited many famous scenic spots. On the first day, we went to the Old Town of Lijiang. Walking on the stone streets, we saw many ancient buildings with unique styles. The canals flowing through the town added a lot of charm to this ancient place. We also visited some local shops and bought some hand-made souvenirs, such as silver jewelry and tie-dye cloth. In the evening, we enjoyed the beautiful night view of the Old Town, with bright lights reflecting on the water, creating a fairy-tale scene. On the second day, we went to Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. When we reached the foot of the mountain, we were shocked by the magnificent scenery. The snow-capped peaks stood tall in the sky, and the white snow matched the green pine trees, forming a beautiful picture. We took the cable car to the middle of the mountain and walked up slowly. Although the air was thin and we felt a little tired, the beautiful scenery around kept us going. Standing on the viewing platform, we could see the whole mountain range, which was really breathtaking. Besides the beautiful scenery, we also tasted a lot of local cuisine. The braised pork ribs with snow fungus and Lijiang Baba were especially delicious. We also communicated with local Naxi people, who were very friendly and told us many interesting stories about Lijiang. This trip to Lijiang not only let me enjoy the beautiful natural scenery and unique ethnic culture but also made me relax a lot after busy study. It broadened my horizons and made me realize the diversity and beauty of our country. I will cherish this unforgettable memory forever and hope to visit more beautiful places in China in the future. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 通用表达词汇（按主题分类） 1. 传统习俗基础词汇 • 节日相关：festival（节日）、celebration（庆典）、carnival（狂欢节）、Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋节）、Dragon Boat Festival（端午节）、Spring Festival Eve（除夕夜）、custom（习俗）、ritual（仪式） • 文化传承：heritage（遗产）、inherit（传承）、preserve（保护）、pass down（传递）、traditional（传统的）、original（原始的）、ancestor（祖先）、generation（世代） • 节日活动：decorate（装饰）、gather（团聚）、exchange（交换）、dress up（盛装）、parade（游行）、offer sacrifices（祭祀）、watch lanterns（赏灯）、eat dumplings（吃饺子） 2. 情感与态度词汇 • 认同与重视：cherish（珍视）、value（重视）、respect（尊重）、appreciate（欣赏）、attach importance to（重视） • 感悟与评价：significant（有意义的）、meaningful（意味深长的）、precious（珍贵的）、unique（独特的）、symbolic（象征性的）、cultural（文化的） 3. 衔接与逻辑词汇 • 时间顺序：for centuries（几个世纪以来）、from generation to generation（代代相传）、on this special day（在这个特殊的日子里）、during the festival（节日期间） • 因果关系：because of（因为）、as a result（因此）、so that（以便）、in order to（为了） • 递进与补充：besides（此外）、what's more（而且）、in addition（另外）、furthermore（此外） 通用表达句式（按写作场景分类） 1. 开头引入句式（引出习俗主题、节日背景） • Traditional customs are the soul of a nation's culture, carrying the memories and values of generations. • As one of the most important traditional festivals in China, [节日名称] has a long history and rich cultural connotations. • For centuries, [习俗名称] has been passed down from generation to generation, becoming an indispensable part of people's life. • When it comes to Chinese traditional customs, the first thing that comes to mind is the various festivals full of cultural meanings. 2. 中间描述句式（介绍习俗起源、节日活动、文化内涵） • 起源与历史： ◦ The Dragon Boat Festival originated in the Warring States Period, initially to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. ◦ According to historical records, this custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, and has been continuously enriched and developed. ◦ It is said that the custom of eating mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Tang Dynasty, symbolizing family reunion. • 节日活动： ◦ During the Spring Festival, families will decorate their houses with red lanterns and Spring Festival couplets to welcome the new year. ◦ On Dragon Boat Festival, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi to inherit the traditional culture. ◦ During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members gather together to appreciate the full moon and share mooncakes, expressing their longing for reunion. • 文化内涵： ◦ These traditional customs not only bring people joy and warmth but also carry the nation's cultural heritage and spiritual beliefs. ◦ Every custom has its unique symbolic meaning, reflecting the values and life wisdom of the Chinese nation. ◦ Preserving traditional customs is of great significance for maintaining cultural diversity and enhancing national identity. 3. 结尾总结句式（表达观点、呼吁传承、展望未来） • In conclusion, traditional customs are precious cultural heritage that we should cherish and pass on to future generations. • All in all, while keeping up with the times, we should not forget our traditional roots, and strive to protect and inherit these valuable customs. • Looking forward, we need to combine tradition with modernity, so that traditional customs can glow with new vitality in the new era. • It is our responsibility to inherit and develop traditional customs, so that the excellent cultural heritage of the nation can be carried forward forever. 范文背诵： My Favorite Traditional Festival – Mid-Autumn Festival Among all Chinese traditional festivals, the Mid-Autumn Festival is my favorite, not only because of the delicious mooncakes but also because it carries the profound meaning of family reunion. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year, when the moon is the roundest and brightest of the year. It has a history of more than 2,000 years, originating from the ancient moon-worshipping customs. As time goes by, it has gradually evolved into a festival for family reunion, and its cultural connotation has been continuously enriched. Every year on Mid-Autumn Festival, my family will gather at my grandparents' home to celebrate. In the afternoon, we will help grandma prepare the dinner together. There are always a lot of delicious dishes on the table, such as braised pork, steamed fish and various snacks. The most indispensable is the mooncakes – there are many flavors, such as red bean paste, lotus seed paste and egg yolk, each of which is delicious. As night falls, the full moon rises slowly in the sky, bright and round like a silver plate. We will move the table to the yard, put mooncakes, fruits and other snacks on it, and sit together to appreciate the moon. Grandpa will tell us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon, which we have heard many times but still feel interesting. We chat happily, share the interesting things in life and express our longing for family members who are not around. At that moment, the yard is filled with warmth and joy. The Mid-Autumn Festival is not only a festival for eating mooncakes and appreciating the moon but also a carrier of family affection and traditional culture. It lets us know the importance of family reunion and teaches us to cherish the time with our relatives. In today's fast-paced life, these traditional festivals remind us to slow down and feel the warmth of family and the charm of culture. I believe that as long as we cherish and inherit these traditional festivals, the excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation will be passed down from generation to generation and glow with eternal vitality. 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) Unit 1 School Life 1. We need to adapt (适应) to the new school life as soon as possible. 2. The school organizes (组织) various extracurricular activities every term. 3. She is fluent (流利的) in English, so she often helps classmates with oral practice. 4. It is important to balance (平衡) study and rest during senior high school. 5. He made great achievements (成就) in English learning through hard work. 6. We should devote (致力于) more time to improving our listening skills. 7. The campus (校园) is full of green trees and beautiful flowers in spring. 8. She was admitted (录取) to the school's English club because of her excellent performance. 9. Participating in volunteer activities is a rewarding (有意义的) experience for students. 10. We need to register (注册) for the upcoming English contest before next Friday. Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. We should respect (尊重) the cultural differences between different countries. 2. It is important to communicate (交流) with others to avoid misunderstandings. 3. The red color represents (象征) happiness and good luck in Chinese culture. 4. She can speak three languages fluently (流利地), including English and French. 5. We need to adapt (适应) to the local customs when traveling abroad. 6. The festival is part of our cultural heritage (遗产) and should be passed down. 7. He failed to distinguish (区分) between the two similar English words. 8. It never occurred (发生；想到) to me that language could reflect culture so deeply. 9. We should appreciate (欣赏) the beauty of different cultures in the world. 10. The teacher asked us to translate (翻译) the English poem into Chinese. Unit 3 Travel 1. We need to reserve (预订) a hotel room in advance before traveling to the tourist city. 2. The beautiful scenery of the lake attracted (吸引) a large number of visitors last summer. 3. She spent a lot of time arranging (安排) the travel itinerary for her family. 4. It is very convenient (方便的) to take the high-speed rail to travel around China. 5. Traveling can broaden (拓宽) our horizons and enrich our life experience. 6. We should make a detailed budget (预算) before starting the trip to avoid overspending. 7. The ancient temple is a famous scenic (风景优美的) spot with a long history. 8. He felt relaxed (放松的) after the trip, away from the pressure of study. 9. The guide gave us a lot of useful tips to explore (探索) the local culture. 10. We will depart (出发) for Beijing early tomorrow morning by plane. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. We should preserve (保护) traditional customs to pass down cultural heritage. 2. People usually decorate (装饰) their houses with red lanterns during the Spring Festival. 3. The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional (传统的) Chinese festival in memory of Qu Yuan. 4. It is a common custom (习俗) to exchange gifts during Christmas. 5. The celebration (庆祝活动) of the National Day will be held in the city square. 6. We need to respect (尊重) the local customs when traveling to different regions. 7. This tradition has been passed (传递) down from generation to generation for centuries. 8. The significance (重要性) of preserving traditional culture can't be ignored. 9. Many people gather (聚集) with their families to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. 10. The origin (起源) of this custom can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. 题型 022 单句语法填空(一词多变，活学活用) Unit 1 School Life 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is important for students to take part in various (vary) after-school activities to enrich their school life. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) The teacher encouraged us to devote (devote) ourselves to English study and make progress step by step. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Not only my classmates but also my teacher supports (support) my decision to join the English speech contest. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) It took me nearly a month to adapt (adapt) to the new study rhythm in senior high school. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) The more you practice speaking English, the more fluent (fluent) you will become. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) She is looking forward to attending (attend) the international exchange meeting held by the school. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The school library, which was built last year, provides a good environment for students to study. 8. (2022·天津卷) He came up with a new method to solve (solve) the problem in English writing. 9. (2021·北京卷) With the teacher's help, I have made great progress in mastering (master) English grammar. 10. (2020·山东卷) There is no doubt that school life plays (play) a key role in teenagers' growth. Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. (2023·全国乙卷) There is no denying that language plays an important role in cultural communication (communicate). 2. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The reason why he is good at cross-cultural communication is that he has studied (study) foreign cultures for many years. 3. (2021·全国甲卷) When it comes to learning (learn) a foreign language, we should pay attention to its cultural background. 4. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷) We need to avoid making (make) mistakes in language usage due to cultural differences. 5. (2019·全国Ⅲ卷) The more we know about different cultures, the better (good) we can communicate with people from other countries. 6. (2018·全国Ⅰ卷) She is familiar with English customs because she has lived (live) in London for three years. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The idiom, which stands (stand) for good luck, is widely used in daily communication. 8. (2022·天津卷) He came across an interesting English story while he was reading a magazine. 9. (2021·北京卷) It is necessary that we should respect (respect) the cultural diversity of the world. 10. (2020·山东卷) Not until she went abroad did she realize the importance of her own (she) mother tongue. Unit 3 Travel 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is the first time that I have visited (visit) the West Lake, which is famous for its beautiful scenery. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) We need to book the flight tickets in advance (advance) to get a better price during the travel peak. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The more places we travel to, the more impressive (impressive) memories we will have. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) She was attracted by the fascinating (fascinate) landscape of the countryside during the trip. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) In order to make (make) the trip smooth, we should prepare enough supplies before departure. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to (look forward to) the upcoming trip to Tibet. 7. (2023·浙江卷) The hotel where we stayed during the trip provides (provide) free breakfast for guests. 8. (2022·天津卷) While traveling (travel) in Yunnan, I met many friendly local people. 9. (2021·北京卷) There is no doubt that traveling plays (play) an important role in improving our interpersonal skills. 10. (2020·山东卷) He spent three days exploring (explore) the ancient town and taking photos of the traditional buildings. Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. (2023·全国甲卷) It is a tradition that families gather (gather) together to have a big meal on Spring Festival Eve. 2. (2022·全国乙卷) With the development of society, more and more people begin to pay attention to preserving (preserve) traditional customs. 3. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The reason why we celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival is that we want (want) to express the desire for family reunion. 4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Not only my parents but also I am interested in (be interested in) learning about traditional folk customs. 5. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) The festival, which dates (date) back to 2000 years ago, is still popular among young people. 6. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷) People dress up and hold parades in honor of (honor) the ancient hero during the festival. 7. (2023·浙江卷) It is believed that traditional customs play (play) an important role in enhancing national identity. 8. (2022·天津卷) While visiting (visit) the ancient town, we learned a lot about local traditional crafts. 9. (2021·北京卷) She spent a lot of time learning (learn) about the origin of traditional festivals. 10. (2020·山东卷) The custom of eating zongzi has been passed (pass) down in China for thousands of years. 题型 032 完成句子(精彩句型，活学即用) Unit 1 School Life 1. 题目：It is necessary for us ________________ (充分利用) the school resources to improve our English. 答案：to make the most of 解析：考查固定短语，“充分利用”对应短语为make the most of；此处为“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”句型，故用不定式结构。 2. 题目：________________ (在……开始时) senior high school, I was not used to the heavy study tasks. 答案：At the beginning of 解析：考查固定短语，“在……开始时”为at the beginning of，注意句首单词首字母大写。 3. 题目：My deskmate is always ready to help me when I ________________ (遇到困难) in English learning. 答案：encounter difficulties 解析：考查动词短语，“遇到困难”为encounter difficulties；主句为一般现在时，时间状语从句也用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形。 4. 题目：________________ (不仅学生们而且老师) is looking forward to the school sports meeting. 答案：Not only the students but also the teacher 解析：考查并列连词，not only...but also...连接并列主语时遵循“就近原则”，结合谓语动词is可知，靠近谓语的主语为单数the teacher，注意句首首字母大写。 5. 题目：We should learn to ________________ (独立思考) instead of relying on others all the time. 答案：think independently 解析：考查副词修饰动词，“独立思考”中“独立地”为副词independently，修饰动词think，放在动词后。 6. 题目：She spent half an hour ________________ (完成英语作业) yesterday evening. 答案：finishing her English homework 解析：考查固定搭配，spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”，“完成英语作业”为finish her English homework，故用动名词形式。 7. 题目：________________ (毫无疑问) that joining the English club helps improve oral English. 答案：There is no doubt 解析：考查固定句型，“毫无疑问”为there is no doubt that...，注意句首首字母大写，that引导同位语从句。 8. 题目：He ________________ (负责) the class English study and often organizes English corner activities. 答案：is in charge of 解析：考查固定短语，“负责”为be in charge of；主语为He，谓语动词用is。 9. 题目：In addition to study, we should also ________________ (积极参与) extracurricular activities. 答案：take an active part in 解析：考查固定短语，“积极参与”为take an active part in；情态动词should后接动词原形。 10. 题目：I am grateful to my English teacher because she ________________ (给我提供了很多帮助) in my study. 答案：has offered me a lot of help 解析：考查动词时态，“给某人提供帮助”为offer sb. help；结合语境，“提供帮助”对现在有影响，故用现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。 Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. 题目：It is necessary for us ________________ (利用这次机会) to learn about Western culture. 答案：to take advantage of this opportunity 解析：考查固定短语，“利用”对应take advantage of；此处为“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”句型，故用不定式结构。 2. 题目：________________ (当提到语言学习时), we should not only memorize words but also understand culture. 答案：When it comes to language learning 解析：考查固定句型，“当提到……时”为when it comes to，to为介词，后接名词或动名词，注意句首首字母大写。 3. 题目：The reason why I like learning English ________________ (是因为它能帮助我了解不同的文化). 答案：is that it can help me know about different cultures 解析：考查固定句型，“……的原因是……”为the reason why...is that...，that引导表语从句，从句用陈述句语序。 4. 题目：We should ________________ (避免在跨文化交流中犯错误) by learning cultural customs. 答案：avoid making mistakes in cross-cultural communication 解析：考查固定搭配，avoid doing sth. 表示“避免做某事”，“跨文化交流”为cross-cultural communication，故用动名词形式。 5. 题目：________________ (不可否认的是) language is closely connected with culture. 答案：There is no denying that 解析：考查固定句型，“不可否认的是”为there is no denying that...，that引导宾语从句，注意句首首字母大写。 6. 题目：Chinese culture ________________ (由许多不同的元素组成), such as traditional festivals and folk art. 答案：consists of many different elements 解析：考查固定短语，“由……组成”为consist of；主语为Chinese culture（不可数名词），谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 7. 题目：She ________________ (熟悉英国的风俗习惯) because she studied in the UK for a year. 答案：is familiar with British customs and habits 解析：考查固定短语，“熟悉……”为be familiar with；主语为She，谓语动词用is，“风俗习惯”为customs and habits。 8. 题目：Not until I participated in the exchange program ________________ (我才意识到文化理解的重要性). 答案：did I realize the importance of cultural understanding 解析：考查部分倒装，not until置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，即“助动词+主语+谓语动词原形”；结合语境用一般过去时，助动词用did。 9. 题目：We need to ________________ (搭建文化交流的桥梁) to promote mutual understanding. 答案：build a bridge for cultural exchange 解析：考查动词短语，“搭建桥梁”为build a bridge，“为文化交流”用for cultural exchange作后置定语；情态动词need to后接动词原形。 10. 题目：In terms of cross-cultural communication, ________________ (尊重差异) is the key to effective communication. 答案：respecting differences 解析：考查动名词作主语，“尊重差异”为respect differences，此处作主语，故用动名词形式respecting，“差异”用复数differences表泛指。 Unit 3 Travel 1. 题目：We plan to ________________ (出发去西安) by high-speed rail next weekend. 答案：set off for Xi'an 解析：考查固定短语，“出发去某地”为set off for + 地点；plan to后接动词原形，故直接填短语原形。 2. 题目：________________ (第一次去上海)，I was deeply impressed by its modern skyline. 答案：The first time I went to Shanghai 解析：考查时间状语从句的省略结构，“第一次做某事”可表达为the first time sb. did sth.，此处为从句作时间状语，注意句首首字母大写。 3. 题目：It is worthwhile ________________ (花时间欣赏) the natural scenery in Guilin. 答案：to spend time admiring 解析：考查固定句型及搭配，It is worthwhile to do sth. 表示“做某事是值得的”；“花时间做某事”为spend time doing sth.，“欣赏”为admire，故用动名词形式。 4. 题目：We need to ________________ (提前预订机票) to save money during the Spring Festival holiday. 答案：book the flight tickets in advance 解析：考查固定短语，“预订机票”为book the flight tickets，“提前”为in advance；need to后接动词原形，直接搭配短语即可。 5. 题目：________________ (以防下雨)，we should take an umbrella with us when traveling. 答案：In case of rain 解析：考查固定短语，“以防、万一”为in case of，后接名词或名词短语；“下雨”用rain（名词），注意句首首字母大写。 6. 题目：Traveling not only helps us relax ________________ (而且能让我们了解不同的文化). 答案：but also enables us to know about different cultures 解析：考查并列连词，not only...but also...连接并列成分，“让某人做某事”为enable sb. to do sth.，主语为动名词traveling，谓语动词用第三人称单数enables。 7. 题目：She ________________ (对云南的风景印象深刻) because of its unique natural beauty. 答案：is deeply impressed by the scenery of Yunnan 解析：考查固定短语，“对……印象深刻”为be impressed by；主语为She，谓语动词用is，“深刻地”用副词deeply修饰形容词impressed。 8. 题目：________________ (为了体验当地文化)，we decided to live in a local inn instead of a hotel. 答案：In order to experience the local culture 解析：考查不定式作目的状语，“为了……”用in order to + 动词原形；“体验当地文化”为experience the local culture，注意句首首字母大写。 9. 题目：It took them two hours ________________ (到达目的地) by bus. 答案：to reach the destination 解析：考查固定句型，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”；“到达目的地”为reach the destination，故用不定式结构。 10. 题目：________________ (无论我们去哪里旅行)，we should respect the local customs and habits. 答案：No matter where we travel 解析：考查让步状语从句，“无论哪里”为no matter where，引导让步状语从句，从句用陈述句语序，注意句首首字母大写。 Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. 题目：People usually ________________ (盛装打扮) to attend the wedding ceremony in this region. 答案：dress up 解析：考查固定短语，“盛装打扮”对应短语为dress up；由usually可知句子为一般现在时，主语为People，谓语动词用原形。 2. 题目：________________ (随着互联网的发展), more people can learn about traditional customs online. 答案：With the development of the Internet 解析：考查with复合结构，“随着……的发展”为with the development of + 名词；“互联网”为the Internet，注意句首首字母大写。 3. 题目：It is a tradition in China ________________ (在中秋节吃月饼). 答案：to eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival 解析：考查固定句型，It is a tradition to do sth. 表示“做某事是一种传统”；“吃月饼”为eat mooncakes，“在中秋节”为on Mid-Autumn Festival，故用不定式结构。 4. 题目：The Dragon Boat Festival ________________ (举办) every year to memorize Qu Yuan. 答案：is held 解析：考查被动语态，“举办”为hold；主语The Dragon Boat Festival与hold之间为被动关系，由every year可知用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语为单数，故填is held。 5. 题目：________________ (为了纪念我们的祖先), we hold a grand ceremony every Spring Festival. 答案：In memory of our ancestors 解析：考查固定短语，“为了纪念”为in memory of；“祖先”为ancestor，此处用复数ancestors表泛指，注意句首首字母大写。 6. 题目：This traditional craft ________________ (已经代代相传) for more than 500 years. 答案：has been passed down from generation to generation 解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态，“代代相传”为pass down from generation to generation；主语与pass down之间为被动关系，由for more than 500 years可知用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语为单数，故填has been passed down from generation to generation。 7. 题目：We should ________________ (重视保护传统文化) to maintain cultural diversity. 答案：attach importance to preserving traditional culture 解析：考查固定短语，“重视”为attach importance to，to为介词，后接动名词；“保护传统文化”为preserve traditional culture，故用动名词形式preserving。 8. 题目：________________ (人们认为) traditional customs are the spiritual bond of a nation. 答案：It is believed that 解析：考查固定句型，“人们认为……”为it is believed that...，it为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，注意句首首字母大写。 9. 题目：The custom of贴春联 (putting up Spring Festival couplets) ________________ (象征着) good luck and happiness. 答案：symbolizes 解析：考查动词词义，“象征着”为symbolize；主语为The custom（单数名词），谓语动词用第三人称单数形式symbolizes。 10. 题目：Not until I studied this unit ________________ (我才意识到) the importance of traditional customs. 答案：did I realize 解析：考查部分倒装，not until置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，即“助动词+主语+谓语动词原形”；结合语境用一般过去时，助动词用did，故填did I realize。 Unit 1 School Life 1. attend / take part in / join / join in • attend：侧重“出席、参加”正式场合（如会议、课程、婚礼等），是及物动词，后接名词，不强调参与的主动性和互动性。例：She attends English classes every morning.（她每天早上上英语课。） • take part in：侧重“参与”有组织、有规模的集体活动（如运动会、比赛、公益活动等），强调积极参与的态度。例：All students took part in the school sports meeting.（所有学生都参加了校运动会。） • join：侧重“加入”某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中一员，后接组织名称或人称代词宾格。例：He joined the English club last term.（他上学期加入了英语俱乐部。） • join in：侧重“参与”正在进行的小型活动（如聊天、游戏、讨论等），后接名词或动名词，可与take part in互换（但更口语化）。例：Can I join in your discussion?（我能加入你们的讨论吗？） 2. adapt / adjust • adapt：侧重“适应”全新的、陌生的环境或情况，常与介词to搭配，强调改变自身以契合外部条件，语气较强。例：It takes time to adapt to senior high school life.（适应高中生活需要时间。） • adjust：侧重“调整、调节”以适应细微变化，可接介词to，也可接名词（如调整设备、计划等），语气较温和，强调微调。例：She adjusted her study plan to fit the new schedule.（她调整了学习计划以适应新的作息。） 3. vary / differ • vary：侧重“变化、有差异”，强调同一事物在不同时间、地点的多样性，常与in/with搭配。例：The teaching methods vary from teacher to teacher.（不同老师的教学方法各不相同。） • differ：侧重“不同、有区别”，强调两者或多者之间的本质差异，常与from/with搭配（differ from表“与……不同”，differ with表“与……意见不一”）。例：My study habits differ from those of my deskmate.（我的学习习惯和同桌的不一样。） 4. prepare / prepare for / be prepared for • prepare：及物动词，侧重“准备某物、筹备某事”，直接接宾语（如准备食物、会议等）。例：The teacher is preparing the lesson plan.（老师正在准备教案。） • prepare for：侧重“为……做准备”，宾语是要应对的事情（如考试、比赛等），强调准备的目的。例：We need to prepare for the upcoming English quiz.（我们需要为即将到来的英语小测验做准备。） • be prepared for：侧重“做好了应对……的准备”，强调状态，可理解为“ready for”。例：I am prepared for the challenges of senior high school.（我已做好应对高中挑战的准备。） 5. admit / accept • admit：侧重“承认（事实、错误）”或“录取（学生、成员）”，后可接名词、动名词或that从句。例：He admitted making a mistake in the English exam.（他承认在英语考试中犯了错。）/ She was admitted to the key high school.（她被这所重点高中录取了。） • accept：侧重“接受（礼物、邀请、观点等）”，强调主观上愿意接纳，后接名词或that从句，不表示“录取”。例：I accept your advice on improving oral English.（我接受你关于提升英语口语的建议。） 6. achieve / gain / obtain • achieve：侧重“实现、达成”长期目标、理想或成就，宾语多为抽象名词（如success、goal、achievement等），强调通过努力获得的成果。例：He worked hard to achieve his dream of entering a top university.（他努力学习以实现进入顶尖大学的梦想。） • gain：侧重“获得、赢得”具体利益（如财富、经验、分数等），强调通过努力或经历逐步积累。例：She gained a lot of experience from the volunteer activity.（她从志愿活动中获得了很多经验。） • obtain：侧重“获取、取得”正式或需要努力才能得到的东西（如许可、信息、证书等），语气较正式。例：We need to obtain permission from the teacher to use the library after class.（我们需要获得老师许可才能课后使用图书馆。） 7. available / accessible • available：侧重“可获得的、有空的”，修饰物品时表示“可买到、可使用”，修饰人时表示“有时间、有空”。例：Is this textbook available in the school bookstore?（这本课本在校书店能买到吗？）/ She is available to help us with English on weekends.（她周末有空帮我们辅导英语。） • accessible：侧重“可到达的、易理解的、可接近的”，修饰地点时表示“能到达”，修饰知识、语言时表示“易懂的”，修饰人时表示“易接近的”。例：The school library is accessible to all students.（所有学生都能进入学校图书馆。）/ This English article is accessible to junior high students.（这篇英语文章初中生也能看懂。） 8. challenge / difficulty • challenge：可作名词或动词，侧重“有挑战性的任务、挑战”，隐含“通过努力可克服，且克服后能获得成长”的意味，语气积极。例：Learning English grammar is a big challenge for me.（学习英语语法对我来说是个大挑战。） • difficulty：侧重“困难、难题”，强调事情本身的复杂性或阻碍性，语气较消极，常与in搭配（have difficulty in doing sth.）。例：I have difficulty in understanding English listening materials.（我在理解英语听力材料方面有困难。） 9. devote / donate • devote：侧重“致力于、奉献”，常与介词to搭配（devote oneself/sth. to doing sth.），宾语多为时间、精力、自身等。例：She devotes two hours every day to practicing English.（她每天花两小时练习英语。） • donate：侧重“捐赠、捐献”，常与介词to搭配（donate sth. to sb./sth.），宾语多为财物、书籍等实物。例：Many students donated books to the rural school.（很多学生向这所乡村学校捐赠了书籍。） 10. fluent / fluent ly • fluent：形容词，侧重“（语言、表达）流利的”，修饰名词（如fluent English、fluent speaker）。例：He is a fluent English speaker.（他是个英语说得很流利的人。） • fluently：副词，侧重“流利地”，修饰动词（如speak、write、express），放在动词后。例：She can speak three languages fluently.（她能流利地说三种语言。） Unit 2 Language and Culture 1. convey / express • convey：侧重“传递、传达”抽象的情感、信息、意义等，常通过语言、动作、符号等载体实现，宾语多为抽象名词。例：Facial expressions can convey people's true feelings.（面部表情能传达人们的真实情感。） • express：侧重“表达、表述”主观的想法、观点、情绪等，强调直接、明确地展现内心想法，宾语可接抽象名词或that从句。例：She expressed her appreciation for the teacher's help in English learning.（她表达了对老师在英语学习上给予帮助的感激之情。） 2. respect / admire • respect：侧重“尊重、敬重”，源于对他人的品德、能力、地位或文化、传统的认可，语气庄重，可作动词或名词。例：We should respect the cultural traditions of all ethnic groups.（我们应该尊重各民族的文化传统。） • admire：侧重“钦佩、赞赏”，源于对他人的才华、成就、品质或某事物的优点的欣赏，带有羡慕的意味。例：I admire her for her fluent English and cross-cultural communication skills.（我钦佩她流利的英语和跨文化沟通能力。） 3. distinguish / differ • distinguish：侧重“区分、辨别”，指从相似的人或事物中找出差异，明确区分开来，常与from或between搭配。例：It's not easy to distinguish the two similar English idioms.（区分这两个相似的英语习语并不容易。） • differ：侧重“不同、有差异”，指两者或多者之间在本质、形式、内容等方面存在不同，常与from搭配表“与……不同”。例：The way of expressing politeness differs from culture to culture.（表达礼貌的方式因文化而异。） 4. occur / happen / take place • occur：侧重“发生、出现”，可指偶然发生的事，也可指想法、念头突然出现，常与to sb.搭配表示“某人想到”，正式程度中等。例：An interesting idea occurred to me when I was learning English idioms.（我学习英语习语时，突然想到一个有趣的点子。） • happen：侧重“偶然发生”，强调事情的突发性和不确定性，无被动语态，口语化程度高。例：A cultural misunderstanding happened during our communication with foreign students.（我们和外国学生交流时发生了一次文化误解。） • take place：侧重“发生、举行”，指有计划、有安排地进行某事，如会议、活动、赛事等，无被动语态，正式程度较高。例：A cross-cultural exchange activity will take place in our school next month.（我校下个月将举行一场跨文化交流活动。） 5. adapt / adjust / adopt • adapt：侧重“适应”陌生环境、新情况，或“改编”作品、内容，常与to搭配，强调改变自身或事物以契合需求。例：He quickly adapted to the new language environment after going abroad.（出国后，他很快适应了新的语言环境。） • adjust：侧重“调整、调节”，指对事物的细节、自身的状态进行微调，以适应细微变化，可接名词或与to搭配。例：You need to adjust your learning method to improve English translation skills.（你需要调整学习方法来提升英语翻译能力。） • adopt：侧重“采纳、采用”意见、方法、政策等，或“收养”孩子，与“适应”无关，注意区分词义。例：Our class adopted the suggestion of setting up an English corner to practice oral English.（我们班采纳了设立英语角练习口语的建议。） 6. appreciate / enjoy • appreciate：侧重“欣赏、感激”，既可以指欣赏文化、艺术、美景等，也可以指对他人的帮助、好意表示感激，后接名词、动名词或that从句。例：We should appreciate the beauty of different cultures in the world.（我们应该欣赏世界上不同文化的美。） • enjoy：侧重“享受、喜爱”，指从某件事、某个活动或某事物中获得乐趣和满足感，后接名词或动名词。例：I enjoy reading English novels because they help me understand Western culture.（我喜欢读英语小说，因为它们能帮助我了解西方文化。） 7. formal / normal • formal：侧重“正式的、规范的”，指符合礼仪、规则或特定场合要求的，与“informal（非正式的）”相对。例：We need to use formal language in business English communication.（商务英语沟通中需要使用正式语言。） • normal：侧重“正常的、常规的”，指符合一般情况、标准或预期的，与“abnormal（异常的）”相对。例：It's normal to encounter difficulties when learning a foreign language and its culture.（学习外语及其文化时遇到困难是正常的。） 8. avoid / escape • avoid：侧重“避免、避开”，指主动采取措施躲开不愿发生的事、不好的情况或不想接触的人，后接名词或动名词。例：We should learn cultural taboos to avoid misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication.（我们应该学习文化禁忌，避免跨文化沟通中的误解。） • escape：侧重“逃脱、逃离”，指从危险、困境、束缚中挣脱出来，或“避开”他人的注意、记忆等，可作及物或不及物动词。例：He tried to escape from the embarrassment caused by language mistakes.（他试图摆脱因语言错误带来的尴尬。） 9. translate / interpret • translate：侧重“翻译”书面的文字材料，如书籍、文章、文件等，将一种语言的文字转化为另一种语言的文字。例：She spent two hours translating the English article about cultural heritage into Chinese.（她花了两小时把这篇关于文化遗产的英语文章翻译成中文。） • interpret：侧重“口译”，指口头将一种语言转化为另一种语言，或“解读、阐释”事物的意义、内涵。例：The interpreter helped the foreign guests interpret the Chinese folk art works.（口译员帮助外国嘉宾解读中国民间艺术作品。） 10. consist of / be made up of / compose • consist of：侧重“由……组成”，表示整体由部分构成，无被动语态，主语为整体，宾语为部分，正式程度中等。例：A language consists of vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation.（语言由词汇、语法和发音构成。） • be made up of：侧重“由……组成”，与consist of含义相近，可用于被动语态，口语化和正式场合均可使用。例：Cultural heritage is made up of traditional customs, folk art and historical relics.（文化遗产由传统习俗、民间艺术和历史遗迹组成。） • compose：侧重“组成、构成”，正式程度较高，主语为部分，宾语为整体，常用被动语态be composed of。例：The English vocabulary is composed of words from different languages.（英语词汇由来自不同语言的单词构成。） Unit 3 Travel 1. travel / trip / journey / tour • travel：可作动词或不可数名词，侧重“旅行”的统称，无明确目的地或时长限制，泛指出行行为。例：Travel is a good way to relax.（旅行是放松的好方式。） • trip：可数名词，侧重“短途旅行、出行”，通常时间短、目的地明确，多为休闲或公务出行。例：We planned a two-day trip to the nearby mountain.（我们计划了一场为期两天的近郊登山之旅。） • journey：可数名词，侧重“长途旅行”，强调路程的遥远和途中的艰辛，常指陆路或海路的长途跋涉。例：The journey across the desert was full of challenges.（穿越沙漠的旅程充满了挑战。） • tour：可作名词或动词，侧重“观光游览、巡回旅行”，通常是有规划地参观多个地点，或带有表演、考察性质的行程。例：We took a tour of the ancient palace and learned about its history.（我们参观了这座古宫殿，了解了它的历史。） 2. attract / appeal to • attract：及物动词，侧重“吸引、引起兴趣”，直接接宾语，强调通过自身特质吸引他人或事物，用法更普遍。例：The beautiful beach attracts thousands of tourists every summer.（这片美丽的海滩每年夏天吸引着成千上万的游客。） • appeal to：动词短语，侧重“对……有吸引力、迎合……喜好”，间接接宾语（appeal to sb.），语气更委婉，强调符合对方的兴趣或需求。例：This travel route appeals to people who love outdoor adventures.（这条旅行路线对喜欢户外探险的人很有吸引力。） 3. arrange / organize • arrange：侧重“安排、筹备”具体的细节，如行程、时间、住宿等，强调对零散事项的梳理和规划，常与for搭配。例：I need to arrange a taxi to pick us up at the airport.（我需要安排一辆出租车去机场接我们。） • organize：侧重“组织、统筹”有规模的活动或事务，强调整合资源、协调人员，形成完整的体系或活动形式。例：The school organized a study tour to the cultural relics site.（学校组织了一场前往文物遗址的研学旅行。） 4. reserve / book • reserve：侧重“预订、预留”，强调为特定的人或目的保留某物（如座位、房间、名额等），正式程度较高，可用于实物或抽象事物。例：We reserved a private room in the local restaurant for dinner.（我们在当地餐厅预订了一个包间用餐。） • book：侧重“预订”交通、住宿、票务等服务，口语化和正式场合均可使用，使用范围更广泛，侧重通过官方渠道确认预订。例：She booked a flight ticket to Guangzhou on the airline's official website.（她在航空公司官网订了一张去广州的机票。） 5. explore / survey • explore：侧重“探索、考察”未知或陌生的地方、领域，强调带有好奇和发现的心态去探寻，可用于具体地点或抽象事物。例：We plan to explore the hidden scenic spots in the mountain.（我们计划去探索山里隐藏的景点。） • survey：侧重“调查、勘测”，强调为获取信息而进行的系统性观察、测量或调研，多用于学术、工程或市场领域。例：The geologists surveyed the area before developing the travel resort.（地质学家在开发旅游度假村前对该区域进行了勘测。） 6. convenient / comfortable • convenient：侧重“方便的、便利的”，形容事物符合需求、节省时间和精力，多修饰交通、设施、时间等。例：Taking the subway is convenient for traveling around the city.（乘坐地铁在城市里出行很方便。） • comfortable：侧重“舒适的、惬意的”，形容让人身心放松、没有不适感，多修饰住宿、衣物、环境等。例：The hotel room is spacious and comfortable, with a beautiful view of the lake.（这个酒店房间宽敞舒适，能看到美丽的湖景。） 7. depart / leave • depart：侧重“出发、启程”，正式用语，通常指按计划离开某地前往目的地，常与from搭配（depart from）。例：Our flight will depart from Beijing Capital Airport at 9 a.m.（我们的航班将于上午9点从北京首都机场起飞。） • leave：侧重“离开”，通用口语化词汇，可指随意离开某地，也可指出发旅行，用法更灵活，后接地点或for+目的地。例：We will leave for Shanghai tomorrow morning.（我们明天早上出发去上海。） 8. admire / appreciate • admire：侧重“欣赏、钦佩”，强调对他人的才华、品质或事物的美景、特质的赞叹，常与for搭配。例：We stood on the hilltop to admire the beautiful sunset over the sea.（我们站在山顶欣赏海上的绝美日落。） • appreciate：侧重“欣赏、感激”，既可以指品味事物的内涵、美感，也可以指对他人的帮助表示感谢，后接名词、动名词或that从句。例：I really appreciate the local people's kindness during my trip.（我非常感激旅行期间当地人们的友善。） 9. accommodate / contain • accommodate：侧重“为……提供住宿、容纳”，强调为他人提供居住场所或满足他人的需求，也可指空间能容纳一定数量的人或物。例：This hotel can accommodate up to 500 tourists.（这家酒店最多可容纳500名游客入住。） • contain：侧重“包含、容纳”，强调事物内部包含某种成分、内容，或容器、空间能容纳某物，不涉及“提供住宿”。例：The travel bag contains all the necessities for the trip.（这个旅行包里面装着旅行所需的所有必需品。） 10. budget / cost • budget：可作名词、动词或形容词，侧重“预算、规划开支”，指提前规划好的资金额度，或根据预算安排花费。例：We need to make a travel budget before going on a trip.（旅行前我们需要做一份旅行预算。） • cost：可作名词或动词，侧重“成本、费用”，指实际花费的金钱、时间或精力，或某物需要花费多少钱。例：The total cost of this trip is about 5,000 yuan per person.（这次旅行的人均总费用约5000元。） Unit 4 Customs and Traditions 1. custom / tradition • custom：侧重“习俗、惯例”，指某个群体或地区长期形成的、日常遵循的行为方式，多与生活习惯、社交礼仪相关，可复数。例：It is a local custom to eat sweet dumplings on Lantern Festival.（元宵节吃汤圆是当地的习俗。） • tradition：侧重“传统”，指代代相传的文化、信仰、价值观或习俗，带有历史厚重感和传承意义，可复数，语气比custom更正式。例：Respecting elders is an important tradition of the Chinese nation.（敬老爱老是中华民族的重要传统。） 2. celebrate / observe • celebrate：侧重“庆祝、庆贺”，指通过举办活动、聚会等方式表达喜悦，对象多为节日、生日、成就等，强调热闹的氛围。例：People celebrate Christmas with family gatherings and gift-giving.（人们通过家庭团聚和赠送礼物庆祝圣诞节。） • observe：侧重“遵守；庆祝（正式）”，既可以指遵守规则、习俗，也可指以庄重的方式庆祝节日，不强调热闹，更侧重仪式感或遵从性。例：We observe the Spring Festival by sticking couplets and eating dumplings.（我们通过贴春联、吃饺子庆祝春节。）/ Everyone should observe traffic rules.（每个人都应遵守交通规则。） 3. preserve / conserve / reserve • preserve：侧重“保护、保存”，指维护事物的原有状态，防止损坏或消失，尤其适用于文化遗产、传统、食物等。例：We need to preserve ancient buildings to pass down historical culture.（我们需要保护古建筑以传承历史文化。） • conserve：侧重“节约、保护”，指合理利用资源，避免浪费，也可指保护自然环境、能源等。例：We should conserve water and electricity in daily life.（我们在日常生活中应节约用水用电。） • reserve：侧重“预订、预留”，指为特定目的保留某物（如座位、房间、名额），与“保护”无关。例：I need to reserve a table for two in the restaurant.（我需要在这家餐厅预订一个两人桌。） 4. decorate / adorn • decorate：侧重“装饰、布置”，指为了美观给场所、物品添加饰品，用法普遍，可用于日常场景或节日布置。例：We decorate the Christmas tree with lights and gifts every year.（我们每年都用彩灯和礼物装饰圣诞树。） • adorn：侧重“点缀、美化”，语气更正式典雅，多指用精致的物品装饰，使事物更具美感，多用于书面语。例：The hall is adorned with beautiful paintings and fresh flowers.（大厅里点缀着精美的画作和鲜花。） 5. gather / collect • gather：侧重“聚集、集合”，指人或物从各处汇聚到一起，也可指收集零散的物品，强调动作的过程。例：Family members gather together to have dinner on Mid-Autumn Festival.（中秋节家人们团聚在一起吃晚饭。）/ She gathered her books and left the classroom.（她收好书本离开了教室。） • collect：侧重“收集、搜集”，指有目的、有系统地收集同类物品，形成系列或储备，强调结果的完整性。例：He likes to collect stamps from different countries.（他喜欢收集各国的邮票。）/ The teacher collected the exam papers after class.（老师课后收了试卷。） 6. symbolize / represent • symbolize：侧重“象征、代表”，指某事物通过符号、形象等暗示另一事物的意义，强调抽象的关联。例：The red color symbolizes joy and good luck in Chinese culture.（在中国文化中，红色象征着喜悦和好运。） • represent：侧重“代表、体现”，指人或事物代表某个群体、概念或特质，可表示具体的代表，也可表示抽象的体现。例：The five-star red flag represents the People's Republic of China.（五星红旗代表中华人民共和国。）/ This custom represents the respect for ancestors.（这个习俗体现了对祖先的敬重。） 7. inherit / pass down • inherit：侧重“继承”，指从祖先或长辈那里得到财产、地位、传统等，主语是人，宾语是被继承的事物。例：He inherited the traditional craft from his grandfather.（他从祖父那里继承了这项传统手艺。） • pass down：侧重“传递、流传”，指将事物从一代传给下一代，主语是被传递的事物，常用被动语态或“sb. pass down sth.”结构。例：This folk song has been passed down for hundreds of years.（这首民歌已经流传了几百年。） 8. significant / important • significant：侧重“重要的、有意义的”，强调事物具有深远影响或特殊价值，语气比important更正式，多用于书面语。例：Preserving traditional customs is significant for cultural diversity.（保护传统习俗对文化多样性具有重要意义。） • important：侧重“重要的”，通用词汇，强调事物的必要性和影响力，可用于口语和书面语，使用范围更广。例：It is important to learn about different cultural customs when traveling abroad.（出国旅行时了解不同的文化习俗很重要。） 9. origin / source • origin：侧重“起源、根源”，指事物产生的最初原因、背景或历史起点，尤其适用于文化、习俗、物种等。例：The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival can be traced back to the Warring States Period.（端午节的起源可以追溯到战国时期。） • source：侧重“来源、源头”，指事物的出处、供给来源，可用于具体的物质（如水源、信息来源）或抽象的事物。例：Books are an important source of knowledge about traditional culture.（书籍是了解传统文化的重要来源。） 10. participate in / take part in / join • participate in：侧重“参与、参加”，正式用语，强调积极主动地参与活动、项目等，后接名词或动名词。例：Many young people participate in the activity of protecting cultural relics.（许多年轻人参与到保护文物的活动中。） • take part in：侧重“参加、参与”，通用词汇，语气比participate in更口语化，强调参与集体活动并发挥作用。例：All students took part in the traditional festival celebration held by the school.（所有学生都参加了学校举办的传统节日庆典。） • join：侧重“加入”，指加入某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中一员，后接组织名称或人称代词宾格。例：He joined the traditional music club to learn folk songs.（他加入了传统音乐俱乐部学习民歌。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 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