重难点02 无提示词语法填空：隐形考点突围法（重难专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

重难点02 无提示词语法填空：隐形考点突围法 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 上 海高考语法填空无提示词题型占比约 40%-50%，核心考查 "隐形语法规则" 的灵活运用，无需给出动词、名词等提示词，需依托句型结构、语篇逻辑、固定搭配等隐性线索解题。 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.冠词题：泛指用 a/an（元音音素开头用 an），特指用 the（上文提及、独一无二事物等） 2 .介词题：优先靠固定搭配（如 “in danger”“on purpose”），其次看语境（时间 / 地点 / 方式等） 3 .连词题：并列连词：and/but/or/so（连接并列句 / 词） 从属连词：that/which/who（定语从句）、when/if 等（状语从句） 逻辑连词：however/therefore（表转折 / 因果，需注意句间标点） 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： •基础训练：固定搭配介词（如 “look forward to”“take pride in”）、冠词的泛指 / 特指 •易错点排查：避免 “固定搭配中介词遗漏”“特指名词前漏 the” 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： •复杂连词题：定语从句中 “介词 + 关系代词”（如 “in which”）、让步状语从句的 “although/though” •语境逻辑题：根据上下文填转折（however）、因果（therefore）类连词 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： •限时完成无提示词专项真题，训练 “10 秒定位考点” 的速度 •错题整理：按 “冠词 / 介词 / 连词” 分类，标注错误原因（如 “固定搭配记错”） ) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025上海卷） 命题趋势 考点 1 冠词的隐形用法（无提示词，需根据名词属性、语境逻辑判断）（5 年 11 考） 2024 上海卷 —an（泛指某类人）；2023 上海卷 —a（固定搭配中不定冠词）、the（特指上文提及对象）；2022 上海卷 —an（元音音素开头名词前）、the（序数词前）；2021 上海卷 —a（抽象名词具体化）、the（特指专有名词修饰对象）；2020 上海卷 —a（泛指单数可数名词）、an（元音音素开头抽象名词具体化）、the（特指上文场景） 1. 高频考查不定冠词表泛指（首次出现单数可数名词）、定冠词表特指（上文提及、修饰限定、专有名词搭配）的隐性判断，五年年均考查超 2 次；2. 抽象名词具体化（如 a pity/a joy）、固定句型（It is the first time...）中冠词用法为高频命题点，近 5 年出现 4 次；3. 结合名词后定语从句、介词短语（如 of Shanghai）考查特指用法，2020-2024 年共出现 3 次；4. 元音音素（如 honor/important）与辅音音素（如 university/useful）开头名词的冠词区分仍是基础必考点，五年均有涉及。 考点 2 介词的隐形搭配（无提示词，依托动词、名词、形容词固定搭配或语境逻辑）（5 年 9 考） 2024 上海卷 —with（表伴随）、in（表领域）；2023 上海卷 —of（名词所有格 / 固定搭配）、for（表目的）；2022 上海卷 —by（被动语态中动作执行者）、on（表时间）；2021 上海卷 —in（介词短语作状语）、to（名词 + 介词固定搭配）；2020 上海卷 —at（表地点） 1. 动词 + 介词（如 depend on、focus on）、名词 + 介词（如 solution to、attention to）、形容词 + 介词（如 interested in、different from）的固定搭配为核心考点，近 5 年占该题型考查量的 60%（5/9）；2. 介词表时间（at 3 pm、in July、by the end of）、地点（in Shanghai、at the station）、方式（by bus、with hands）的语境逻辑判断，五年出现 3 次；3. 结合定语从句（如 for which）、状语从句（如 since when）考查介词的隐性衔接功能，2021、2023 年各出现 1 次。 考点 3 代词的隐形指代（无提示词，需根据上下文确定指代对象和形式）（5 年 8 考） 2024 上海卷 —their（形容词性物主代词指代前文复数名词）、it（指代前文单数可数名词）；2023 上海卷 —it（形式主语 / 指代前文单数可数名词）、those（指代前文复数可数名词）；2022 上海卷 —which（非限制性定语从句指代前文内容）、its（形容词性物主代词指代前文单数名词）；2021 上海卷 —those（指代前文复数可数名词）、who（限制性定语从句指代前文指人名词）；2020 上海卷 —they（人称代词主格指代前文复数名词） 1. 人称代词（主格 / 宾格）、物主代词（形容词性 / 名词性）的隐性指代一致性为高频考点，需匹配前文指代对象的人称（第一 / 二 / 三人称）、单复数，近 5 年出现 5 次；2. it 作形式主语（代指不定式 / 从句，如 It is important to...）、形式宾语（代指不定式 / 从句，如 find it easy to...）或指代前文单数可数名词（如指代 a book/a city）的用法，五年出现 3 次；3. 定语从句中关系代词（who/which/that）的隐形指代判断，需依据先行词的属性（人 / 物）、单复数及从句成分（主语 / 宾语），2020-2024 年共出现 4 次，其中非限制性定语从句用 which 考查 2 次。 考点 4 连词的隐形逻辑（无提示词，依托分句间因果、转折、条件等逻辑关系）（5 年 9 考） 2024 上海卷 —while（表对比）、because（表原因）；2023 上海卷 —because（表原因）、but（表转折）；2022 上海卷 —if（表条件）、and（表并列）；2021 上海卷 —when（表时间）、though（表让步）；2020 上海卷 —or（表选择）、so（表因果） 1. 并列连词（and 表并列、but 表转折、or 表选择、so 表因果）的逻辑衔接为基础考点，需结合前后分句语义判断，近 5 年出现 6 次，其中 and/but 考查频率最高（各 2 次）；2. 状语从句连词的语境判断为重点，时间状语从句（when/while/as，2021、2024 年各考 1 次）、原因状语从句（because/since，2023、2024 年各考 1 次）、条件状语从句（if/unless，2022 年考 1 次）、让步状语从句（though/although，2021 年考 1 次）均有涉及；3. 结合长难句结构（如主谓分隔、多分句嵌套）考查连词的隐形分隔功能，2023、2024 年各出现 1 次，需突破句子结构干扰。 考点 5 词形变化的隐形提示（无提示词，依托词性搭配规则判断词形转换）（5 年 6 考） 2024 上海卷 —distant（名词 distance 变形容词作定语）、quickly（形容词 quick 变副词修饰动词）；2023 上海卷 —curiosity（形容词 curious 变名词作宾语）、dangerous（名词 danger 变形容词作表语）；2022 上海卷 —quietest（形容词 quiet 变最高级作定语）、happiness（形容词 happy 变名词作主语）；2021 上海卷 —more helpful（形容词 helpful 变比较级作表语）；2020 上海卷 —careful（名词 care 变形容词作定语） 1. 名词变形容词（加 - ful/-al/-y，如 care→careful、industry→industrial）、形容词变名词（加 - ness/-ity，如 happy→happiness、curious→curiosity）的隐形转换为核心，近 5 年出现 4 次，占该题型考查量的 67%；2. 形容词变比较级 / 最高级的语境判断，需依托隐含比较范围（如 than/in + 范围 /one of the...），2020-2024 年出现 3 次，其中最高级考查 2 次（2022、2024 年）；3. 形容词变副词（加 - ly，如 quick→quickly）修饰动词或形容词，2024 年考 1 次，需注意词性搭配规则（副词修饰动词 / 形容词，形容词修饰名词）；4. 词形变化需结合语境语义，如 2023 年 curiosity（好奇心）与 curious（好奇的）的区分，需根据句子成分（宾语用名词）判断。 考点一：冠词的隐形用法 ——"三看" 突围法 1.（2024上海卷）Shanghai is ______ dynamic city that attracts talents from all over the world. 答案：a 解析：可数名词单数 city 首次出现，表泛指 "一个充满活力的城市"，dynamic 以辅音音素 /d/ 开头，故填 a。 看名词属性：可数名词单数首次出现用不定冠词（a/an），元音音素开头用 an，辅音音素开头用 a；特指（上文提及、有修饰限定）用定冠词 the。 2.（2023上海卷）It is ______ first time that she has visited the Bund since she moved to Shanghai. 答案：the 解析：固定句型 "It is the first time that..."，序数词 first 前需加定冠词 the，故填 the。 .看固定搭配：熟记抽象名词具体化（a success/a surprise）、序数词前、形容词最高级前、乐器前用 the 等固定规则。 3.（原创）We are going to visit ______ museum that houses rare cultural relics of Shanghai. 答案：the 解析：museum 后有定语从句 "that houses rare cultural relics of Shanghai" 限定，表特指 "收藏上海珍贵文物的博物馆"，故填 the。 看修饰成分：名词后有定语从句、介词短语等限定成分时，用 the 表特指。 考点二：介词的隐形搭配 ——"双线索" 定位法 1.（2023上海卷）The solution ______ the problem requires cooperation between different departments. 答案：to 解析：固定搭配 "the solution to..." 表示 "…… 的解决方案"，故填 to。 固定搭配线索：依托动词、名词、形容词的固定介词搭配解题，无需语境推理。 2.（2024上海卷）The ancient building has been well-preserved ______ centuries of careful protection. 答案：for 解析：根据语境 "经过几个世纪的精心保护，这座古建筑保存完好"，表时间持续用介词 for，故填 for。 语境逻辑线索：根据分句间时间、地点、方式、目的、因果等逻辑关系判断介词。 考点三：代词的隐形指代 ——"指代一致性" 原则 1.（2024上海卷）Many young people choose to work in Shanghai because ______ career opportunities are abundant. 答案：its 解析：指代前文 "Shanghai"，表 "它的就业机会"，用形容词性物主代词 its，故填 its。 1.人称 / 物主代词：根据前文指代对象的人称、单复数确定形式，确保指代一致。 2.（2022 上海卷）She published a book, ______ has been translated into several languages. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句指代前文 "a book"，指物且作主语，故填 which。 2.关系代词：定语从句中，先行词指人用 who/whom，指物用 which/that，指代前文整句话用 which。 3.（原创）______ is important for students to master the skills of invisible grammar points. 答案：It 解析：固定句型 "It is important for sb. to do sth."，it 作形式主语，代指后面的不定式短语，故填 It。 3.形式代词 it：作形式主语（代指不定式 / 从句）、形式宾语（代指不定式 / 从句）或指代前文单数可数名词。 考点四：连词的隐形逻辑 ——"分句关系" 分析法 1.（2023 上海卷）The task is difficult, ______ we are determined to complete it on time. 答案：but 解析：前半句 "任务艰巨" 与后半句 "我们决心按时完成" 为转折关系，故填 but。 1.并列连词：根据分句间并列、转折、选择、因果关系，选用 and/but/or/so。 2.（2024 上海卷）______ you visit Shanghai Disneyland, you will be impressed by its unique charm. 答案：When/If 解析：根据语境 "当你参观上海迪士尼乐园时 / 如果你参观上海迪士尼乐园，你会被它独特的魅力所打动"，表时间或条件均可，故填 When/If。 2.状语从句连词：根据语境判断时间（when/while/as）、原因（because/since）、条件（if/unless）、让步（though/although）等关系。 考点五：词形变化的隐形提示 ——"词性搭配" 规则法 1.（2024 上海卷）We need to take ______ (action) measures to protect the historical buildings in Shanghai. 答案：active 解析：修饰名词 measures 需用形容词，action 的形容词形式为 active，表 "积极的措施"，故填 active。 1.名词变形容词：名词后加 - y/-ful/-al 等后缀，作定语修饰名词或作表语。 2.（2023 上海卷）Her ______ (kind) and generosity have won the respect of all colleagues. 答案：kindness 解析：作主语需用名词，kind 的名词形式为 kindness，为不可数名词，故填 kindness。 2.形容词变名词：形容词后加 - ness/-ity 等后缀，作主语或宾语。 3.（原创）Among all the cities in China, Shanghai is one of the ______ (modern) metropolises. 答案：most modern 解析：隐含比较范围 "among all the cities"，用最高级，modern 为多音节词，故填 most modern。 3.形容词变比较级 / 最高级：根据语境隐含的比较范围（than/in + 范围）判断，单音节词加 - er/-est，多音节词前加 more/most。 （建议用时：15分钟） 【类型一：冠词隐形用法】 1．（2025 上海模拟）______ Huangpu River is an important waterway that witnesses the development of Shanghai. 【答案】The 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：黄浦江是见证上海发展的重要水道。河流名称前需加定冠词 the，且句首首字母大写，故填 The。 2．（原创）My brother dreams of becoming ______ astronaut who explores space technology in Shanghai. 【答案】an 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：我哥哥梦想成为一名在上海探索太空技术的宇航员。可数名词单数 astronaut 首次出现，表泛指，且以元音音素 /æ/ 开头，故填 an。 3．It is ______ great honor to be invited to attend the international conference held in ______ center of Shanghai. 【答案】a; the 【详解】考查冠词。第一空 "a great honor" 为固定搭配，表 "一件很荣幸的事"；第二空 "in the center of" 表 "在…… 的中心"，特指上海的中心，故填 a; the。 【类型二：介词隐形搭配】 4．（2024 上海卷改编）The research team has made great progress ______ the support of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。固定搭配 "with the support of" 表示 "在…… 的支持下"，故填 with。 5．She is deeply interested ______ the history of Shanghai, especially the period of the Republic of China. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。固定搭配 "be interested in" 表示 "对…… 感兴趣"，故填 in。 6．The project will be completed ______ the end of this year, contributing to the economic development of Shanghai. 【答案】by 【详解】考查介词。固定搭配 "by the end of" 表示 "到…… 结束时"，此处表将来时间点前完成，故填 by。 【类型三：代词隐形指代】 7．（2023 上海卷改编）Many foreigners come to Shanghai to pursue ______ dreams, attracted by its development potential. 【答案】their 【详解】考查物主代词。指代前文 "many foreigners"，表 "他们的梦想"，用形容词性物主代词 their，故填 their。 8．（原创）Shanghai is a city full of surprises, and ______ never fails to impress visitors from all over the world. 【答案】it 【详解】考查人称代词。指代前文 "Shanghai"，作主语，用 it，故填 it。 9．The book ______ he recommended introduces the traditional customs of Shanghai in detail. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查关系代词。定语从句指代前文 "the book"，指物且作宾语，可用 that 或 which，故填 that/which。 【类型四：连词隐形逻辑】 10．（2022 上海卷改编）He studied hard, ______ he passed the entrance exam of Shanghai University successfully. 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列连词。前半句 "努力学习" 与后半句 "成功通过上海大学入学考试" 为因果关系，故填 so。 11．______ you are in trouble in Shanghai, you can turn to the local community for help. 【答案】When/If 【详解】考查状语从句连词。表 "当你在上海遇到困难时 / 如果你在上海遇到困难"，表时间或条件均可，故填 When/If。 12．The museum is small, ______ it houses a large number of precious cultural relics of Shanghai. 【答案】but 【详解】考查并列连词。前半句 "博物馆很小" 与后半句 "收藏大量上海珍贵文物" 为转折关系，故填 but。 【类型五：词形变化隐形提示】 13．（原创）The ______ (culture) diversity of Shanghai makes it a charming city for international communication. 【答案】cultural 【详解】考查形容词。修饰名词 diversity 需用形容词，culture 的形容词形式为 cultural，表 "文化的多样性"，故填 cultural。 14．We should show ______ (patient) when learning the invisible grammar points of Shanghai 高考. 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。作 show 的宾语需用名词，patient 的名词形式为 patience，为不可数名词，故填 patience。 15．This is one of the ______ (important) events in the recent history of Shanghai. 【答案】most important 【详解】考查形容词最高级。隐含比较范围 "one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词"，important 为多音节词，故填 most important。 （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：冠词 + 语境综合判断】 1．（2025 上海名校联考）______ Smiths have lived in Shanghai for over 20 years, and they consider ______ city their second home. 【答案】The; the 【详解】考查冠词。第一空 "the + 姓氏复数" 表示 "某一家人"；第二空特指上海这座城市，故填 The; the。 2．（原创）______ success of the project lies in ______ close cooperation between Shanghai and other coastal cities. 【答案】The; / 【详解】考查冠词。第一空特指 "这个项目的成功"，用定冠词 the；第二空 "close cooperation" 为不可数名词短语，表泛指，不加冠词，故填 The; /。 【类型二：介词 + 固定搭配 + 逻辑双重线索】 3．（2024 上海卷改编）The artist is famous ______ his unique style, which is deeply rooted ______ the folk art of Shanghai. 【答案】for; in 【详解】考查介词。第一空固定搭配 "be famous for" 表示 "因…… 而著名"；第二空固定搭配 "be rooted in" 表示 "植根于……"，故填 for; in。 4．She has a talent ______ music, and she hopes to study ______ a famous music college in Shanghai. 【答案】for; at 【详解】考查介词。第一空固定搭配 "have a talent for" 表示 "有…… 的天赋"；第二空 "在某所大学" 用介词 at，故填 for; at。 5．______ the help of advanced technology, we can learn about the history of Shanghai ______ a new perspective. 【答案】With; from 【详解】考查介词。第一空固定搭配 "with the help of" 表示 "在…… 的帮助下"；第二空固定搭配 "from a new perspective" 表示 "从一个新的角度"，故填 With; from。 【类型三：代词 + 指代范围隐形判断】 6．（2023 上海卷改编）The number of foreign tourists visiting Shanghai has increased, and ______ of them prefer to experience local life. 【答案】most 【详解】考查代词。指代前文 "foreign tourists"，表 "大多数"，用 most，故填 most。 7．（原创）Shanghai has launched many policies to support young entrepreneurs, ______ benefits both individuals and the society. 【答案】which 【详解】考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句指代前文整个句子 "上海推出许多政策支持青年创业者"，用 which，故填 which。 8．______ is necessary for us to understand the cultural background behind the invisible grammar points in Shanghai. 【答案】It 【详解】考查形式主语。固定句型 "It is necessary for sb. to do sth."，it 作形式主语，代指后面的不定式短语，故填 It。 【类型四：连词 + 长难句逻辑分析】 9．（2022 上海卷改编）______ he has lived in Shanghai for many years, he still doesn’t know some hidden alleys full of history. 【答案】Though/Although 【详解】考查让步状语从句连词。前半句 "在上海住了很多年" 与后半句 "仍不知道一些充满历史的隐藏小巷" 为让步关系，故填 Though/Although。 10．We will hold the exhibition in Shanghai ______ the weather is fine; otherwise, we will postpone it to next month. 【答案】if 【详解】考查条件状语从句连词。根据语境 "如果天气好，我们将在上海举办展览；否则推迟到下个月"，表条件，故填 if。 11．She not only speaks fluent English ______ also has a good command of Shanghai dialect. 【答案】but 【详解】考查并列连词。固定搭配 "not only...but also..." 表示 "不仅…… 而且……"，故填 but。 【类型五：词形变化 + 词性搭配隐性提示】 12．（原创）The ______ (industry) development of Shanghai has brought great changes to people’s lives. 【答案】industrial 【详解】考查形容词。修饰名词 development 需用形容词，industry 的形容词形式为 industrial，表 "工业的发展"，故填 industrial。 13．His ______ (wise) in making decisions has helped the company achieve great success in Shanghai market. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】考查名词。作主语需用名词，wise 的名词形式为 wisdom，为不可数名词，故填 wisdom。 14．Of all the scenic spots in Shanghai, the Bund is ______ (attractive) to tourists from abroad. 【答案】the most attractive 【详解】考查形容词最高级。明确比较范围 "of all the scenic spots"，attractive 为多音节词，故填 the most attractive。 15．The ______ (sudden) change of weather didn’t affect the travel plan of the visitors to Shanghai. 【答案】sudden 【详解】考查形容词。修饰名词 change 需用形容词，sudden 为形容词，表 "突然的变化"，故填 sudden。 （建议用时：20分钟） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Robots entering Chinese homes During the World Smart Industry Expo 2025, crowds of visitors gathered at the booth of Agile Robots to watch a robotic arm move precisely over a participant’s waist. Using sensors to detect muscle tension and applying the ideal amount of pressure for a massage, the robotic arm drew exclamations of amazement: “ 1 technique is even better than a veteran masseur!” The healthcare robot 2 (develop)by the Beijing-based company is called "Dabai” and is equipped with tactile sensors and artificial intelligence algorithms. It can provide users with professional massage services.With a focus on “AI+” and “Intelligent Connected New Energy Vehicles”this year, the four-day expo from Friday to Monday brought together more than 600 domestic and international businesses, 3 (showcase) over 3,000 innovations in the smart technology industry. One particular highlight of the exhibition area was the various smart robot products 4 targeted ordinary Chinese households. “The physiotherapy services industry relies on the therapist’s skills and faces challenges such as long training periods and a high staff turnover,” said Zhang Mingfeng, electrical supervisor at Agile Robots. “The key to 5 (address) industry bottlenecks is to standardize products and services.” From humanoid robots that can sing and dance to floor-cleaning machines and electronic pets, a variety of advanced devices are now entering everyday households. These products, once limited to factories and laboratories, are now helping to improve people’s daily lives. “Robots are not cold machines in steel shells. We aim to make technology help,” said Xi E’e, head of brand operations of an industrial innovation park in Chongqing. “These innovative products cover scenarios 6 household use, healthcare and outdoor activities, as the smart robots cater to diversifying consumer demands,” said Xi. According to data from the 2025 World Robot Conference, China 7 (remain) the world’s largest industrial robot market for 12 consecutive years. Meanwhile,the output of service robots exceeded 10.5 million units in 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 34.3 percent. According to a Morgan Stanley report, China’s robotics market 8 (project) to grow from $47 billion in 2024 to $108 billion by 2028, with service robots achieving a compound annual growth rate of 25 percent. “My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that 9 engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. It functions as both a learning assistant and a delightful companion. China’s robotics industry is accelerating its development toward large-scale production and cost reductions 10 establishing a complete supply chain from design to assembly. 【答案】 1．Its/The 2．developed 3．showcasing 4．that/which 5．addressing 6．such as 7．has remained 8．is projected 9．can 10．when/while 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍2025世界智能产业博览会上各类家用智能机器人产品，中国机器人产业的市场地位、发展数据及未来趋势。 1．考查冠词/形容词性物主代词。句意：它的/这项技术甚至比资深按摩师还要好！此处修饰名词technique，可特指前文提到的机器人手臂的按摩技术，用定冠词The；也可表示“它的（机器人的）技术”，用形容词性物主代词Its。故填Its/The。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款由这家北京公司研发的健康机器人名为“大白”，配备了触觉传感器和人工智能算法。此处为非谓语动词，The healthcare robot与develop为被动关系，用过去分词developed作后置定语。故填developed。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：本届博览会为期四天（周五至周一），聚焦“人工智能+”和“智能网联新能源汽车”，汇集了600多家国内外企业，展示了智能科技产业的3000多项创新成果。此处为非谓语动词，the four-day expo与showcase为主动关系，用现在分词showcasing作状语。故填showcasing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：展区的一大亮点是各类面向中国普通家庭的智能机器人产品。此处为定语从句，先行词为the various smart robot products，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：解决行业瓶颈的关键是实现产品和服务的标准化。此处位于介词of之后，用address的动名词形式addressing。故填addressing。 6．考查固定短语。句意：这些创新产品涵盖家庭使用、医疗健康和户外活动等场景，智能机器人满足了多样化的消费需求。此处列举产品涵盖的场景，用固定短语such as，意为“例如、诸如”。故填such as。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据2025世界机器人大会的数据，中国已连续12年保持全球最大工业机器人市场地位。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“for 12 consecutive years”，强调从过去持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时；主语China为单数，所以谓语动词为has remained。故填has remained。 8．考查动词语态和时态。句意：摩根士丹利的一份报告显示，中国机器人市场预计将从2024年的470亿美元增长到208年的1080亿美元，服务机器人的年复合增长率将达到25%。此处为谓语动词，描述报告中的预测，用一般现在时；且China’s robotics market与project为被动关系，主语为单数，所以谓语动词为is projected。故填is projected。 9．考查情态动词。句意：该产品是一款小猫外形的机器人，能够进行对话并展现多种表情。此处表示机器人具备的功能，意为“能够对话”，用情态动词can，意为“能够、可以”。故填can。 10．考查连词。句意：中国机器人产业在建立从设计到组装的完整供应链的同时，加速向规模化生产和成本降低方向发展。此处表示“加速发展”与“建立完整供应链”同时进行，或“通过建立供应链”实现发展，用连词when/while，表示“当……时”均可。故填when/while。 Why are girls putting off science? We surveyed around 100 readers of Girl Talk, a magazine with a readership of girls aged 7 to 11, to find out 1 they think about their science lessons. We also sent out surveys to over 1,000 11- to 14-year-olds to find out about their most and least favorite school subjects. The results were revealing. When we asked the 11- to 14-year-olds to pick their favorite three subjects, we found a marked difference between the genders: for the girls, art came out on top, with English and drama joint second. For the boys, information and communication technology (ICT)/computing came first, with PE and Maths 2 (come) in close behind. When we asked the interviewees 3 these subjects were their favorites, 38 per cent of girls (compared to 28 per cent of boys) responded with ‘I like the teacher’. Previous research which 4 (conduct) by the Institute of Physics has shown the enormous importance of teachers for girls’ motivation. “Girls are more sensitive,” says Beth Bramley, gender balance manager at the Institute of Physics. “Girls respond better to 5 (inspire) by others, teachers having belief in them and showing enthusiasm for the subject-more so than the gender of their teacher.” Yet at a younger age, the girls 6 (survey) really enjoyed science, especially the experiments. So there’s something happening around the time girls are entering secondary school 7 is turning them off the subject. According to Bramley, they could be getting sidelined when it comes to doing the fun stuff. “With science experiments, if you let young people take charge, then the boys get to do the hands-on experiment, and the girls take a step back and write stuff up,” she says. But she says there are quick ways to fix this problem. In group work, teachers 8 assign the students particular roles, for example one student might be a scribe (抄写员) and another one might be in charge of a particular device. These roles can then be played in turn, so that everyone has an opportunity to do 9 . There is evidence that (10) 10 a girl has had a hands-on, leadership role a couple of times, she becomes more confident in carrying out the tasks. 【答案】 1．what 2．coming 3．why 4．was conducted 5．being inspired 6．surveyed 7．that 8．should 9．everything 10．if 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕“女孩为何推迟接触科学”这一问题展开。通过对不同年龄段女孩及男孩关于学校科目喜好的调查，揭示了性别在科目偏好上的差异，并分析了女孩对科学兴趣转变的原因，还提出了解决这一问题的方法。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：我们调查了约100名《女孩私语》（一本面向7到11岁女孩的杂志）的读者，以弄清楚她们对科学课的看法。此处为find out后的宾语从句，从句中think缺少宾语，询问“她们对科学课的看法”，指事物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于男孩来说，信息与通信技术/计算机排在首位，体育和数学紧随其后。本句使用了“with +宾语（PE and Maths） +宾语补足语”的结构，PE and Maths与come之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词coming作宾语补足语。故填coming。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：当我们询问受访者为什么这些科目是他们的最爱时，38%的女孩（相比之下男孩为28%）回答“我喜欢老师”。根据答语 “I like the teacher”可知，这里是在询问喜欢这些科目的原因，所以用连接副词why引导宾语从句。故填why。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：物理研究所之前进行的研究表明，教师对女孩学习动机有着巨大的影响。which引导定语从句修饰先行词Previous research，研究是被进行的，二者是被动关系。且由“Previous research”可知动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，因主语是单数，所以用was conducted。故填was conducted。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：女孩对他人的激励、老师对她们的信任以及对学科的热情反应更好——比老师的性别影响更大。respond to中的to是介词，其后需接动名词形式。又因为女孩是被激励，所以要用动名词的被动形式being inspired，表示“被激励”。故填being inspired。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在年龄较小的时候，接受调查的女孩真的很喜欢科学，尤其是实验。句子已有谓语动词enjoyed，这里用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the girls。the girls与survey之间是被动关系，即“女孩被调查”，所以用过去分词surveyed。故填surveyed。 7．考查定语从句。句意：所以，在女孩进入中学前后的这段时间里，发生了一些事情，让她们对这个学科失去了兴趣。此处是定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，关系词在从句中作主语，在这种情况下只能用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 8．考查情态动词。句意：在小组合作中，老师应该给学生分配特定的角色，例如，一个学生可以是抄写员，另一个学生可以负责一种特定的设备。根据语境，这里是在提出建议，表达“应该”的意思，所以用情态动词should。故填should。 9．考查代词。句意：然后这些角色可以轮流扮演，这样每个人都有机会做所有的事情。前文提到通过轮流扮演不同角色，目的是让每个人都能体验到不同的任务，即做“所有的事情”，所以用代词everything。故填everything。 10．考查状语从句。句意：有证据表明，如果一个女孩有过几次亲自动手的领导角色经历，她在执行任务时会变得更自信。从语境来看，这里表示一种假设的条件关系，“有亲自动手的领导角色经历”是“执行任务更自信”的条件，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重难点02 无提示词语法填空：隐形考点突围法 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 上 海高考语法填空无提示词题型占比约 40%-50%，核心考查 "隐形语法规则" 的灵活运用，无需给出动词、名词等提示词，需依托句型结构、语篇逻辑、固定搭配等隐性线索解题。 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.冠词题：泛指用 a/an（元音音素开头用 an），特指用 the（上文提及、独一无二事物等） 2 .介词题：优先靠固定搭配（如 “in danger”“on purpose”），其次看语境（时间 / 地点 / 方式等） 3 .连词题：并列连词：and/but/or/so（连接并列句 / 词） 从属连词：that/which/who（定语从句）、when/if 等（状语从句） 逻辑连词：however/therefore（表转折 / 因果，需注意句间标点） 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： •基础训练：固定搭配介词（如 “look forward to”“take pride in”）、冠词的泛指 / 特指 •易错点排查：避免 “固定搭配中介词遗漏”“特指名词前漏 the” 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： •复杂连词题：定语从句中 “介词 + 关系代词”（如 “in which”）、让步状语从句的 “although/though” •语境逻辑题：根据上下文填转折（however）、因果（therefore）类连词 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： •限时完成无提示词专项真题，训练 “10 秒定位考点” 的速度 •错题整理：按 “冠词 / 介词 / 连词” 分类，标注错误原因（如 “固定搭配记错”） ) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025上海卷） 命题趋势 考点 1 冠词的隐形用法（无提示词，需根据名词属性、语境逻辑判断）（5 年 11 考） 2024 上海卷 —an（泛指某类人）；2023 上海卷 —a（固定搭配中不定冠词）、the（特指上文提及对象）；2022 上海卷 —an（元音音素开头名词前）、the（序数词前）；2021 上海卷 —a（抽象名词具体化）、the（特指专有名词修饰对象）；2020 上海卷 —a（泛指单数可数名词）、an（元音音素开头抽象名词具体化）、the（特指上文场景） 1. 高频考查不定冠词表泛指（首次出现单数可数名词）、定冠词表特指（上文提及、修饰限定、专有名词搭配）的隐性判断，五年年均考查超 2 次；2. 抽象名词具体化（如 a pity/a joy）、固定句型（It is the first time...）中冠词用法为高频命题点，近 5 年出现 4 次；3. 结合名词后定语从句、介词短语（如 of Shanghai）考查特指用法，2020-2024 年共出现 3 次；4. 元音音素（如 honor/important）与辅音音素（如 university/useful）开头名词的冠词区分仍是基础必考点，五年均有涉及。 考点 2 介词的隐形搭配（无提示词，依托动词、名词、形容词固定搭配或语境逻辑）（5 年 9 考） 2024 上海卷 —with（表伴随）、in（表领域）；2023 上海卷 —of（名词所有格 / 固定搭配）、for（表目的）；2022 上海卷 —by（被动语态中动作执行者）、on（表时间）；2021 上海卷 —in（介词短语作状语）、to（名词 + 介词固定搭配）；2020 上海卷 —at（表地点） 1. 动词 + 介词（如 depend on、focus on）、名词 + 介词（如 solution to、attention to）、形容词 + 介词（如 interested in、different from）的固定搭配为核心考点，近 5 年占该题型考查量的 60%（5/9）；2. 介词表时间（at 3 pm、in July、by the end of）、地点（in Shanghai、at the station）、方式（by bus、with hands）的语境逻辑判断，五年出现 3 次；3. 结合定语从句（如 for which）、状语从句（如 since when）考查介词的隐性衔接功能，2021、2023 年各出现 1 次。 考点 3 代词的隐形指代（无提示词，需根据上下文确定指代对象和形式）（5 年 8 考） 2024 上海卷 —their（形容词性物主代词指代前文复数名词）、it（指代前文单数可数名词）；2023 上海卷 —it（形式主语 / 指代前文单数可数名词）、those（指代前文复数可数名词）；2022 上海卷 —which（非限制性定语从句指代前文内容）、its（形容词性物主代词指代前文单数名词）；2021 上海卷 —those（指代前文复数可数名词）、who（限制性定语从句指代前文指人名词）；2020 上海卷 —they（人称代词主格指代前文复数名词） 1. 人称代词（主格 / 宾格）、物主代词（形容词性 / 名词性）的隐性指代一致性为高频考点，需匹配前文指代对象的人称（第一 / 二 / 三人称）、单复数，近 5 年出现 5 次；2. it 作形式主语（代指不定式 / 从句，如 It is important to...）、形式宾语（代指不定式 / 从句，如 find it easy to...）或指代前文单数可数名词（如指代 a book/a city）的用法，五年出现 3 次；3. 定语从句中关系代词（who/which/that）的隐形指代判断，需依据先行词的属性（人 / 物）、单复数及从句成分（主语 / 宾语），2020-2024 年共出现 4 次，其中非限制性定语从句用 which 考查 2 次。 考点 4 连词的隐形逻辑（无提示词，依托分句间因果、转折、条件等逻辑关系）（5 年 9 考） 2024 上海卷 —while（表对比）、because（表原因）；2023 上海卷 —because（表原因）、but（表转折）；2022 上海卷 —if（表条件）、and（表并列）；2021 上海卷 —when（表时间）、though（表让步）；2020 上海卷 —or（表选择）、so（表因果） 1. 并列连词（and 表并列、but 表转折、or 表选择、so 表因果）的逻辑衔接为基础考点，需结合前后分句语义判断，近 5 年出现 6 次，其中 and/but 考查频率最高（各 2 次）；2. 状语从句连词的语境判断为重点，时间状语从句（when/while/as，2021、2024 年各考 1 次）、原因状语从句（because/since，2023、2024 年各考 1 次）、条件状语从句（if/unless，2022 年考 1 次）、让步状语从句（though/although，2021 年考 1 次）均有涉及；3. 结合长难句结构（如主谓分隔、多分句嵌套）考查连词的隐形分隔功能，2023、2024 年各出现 1 次，需突破句子结构干扰。 考点 5 词形变化的隐形提示（无提示词，依托词性搭配规则判断词形转换）（5 年 6 考） 2024 上海卷 —distant（名词 distance 变形容词作定语）、quickly（形容词 quick 变副词修饰动词）；2023 上海卷 —curiosity（形容词 curious 变名词作宾语）、dangerous（名词 danger 变形容词作表语）；2022 上海卷 —quietest（形容词 quiet 变最高级作定语）、happiness（形容词 happy 变名词作主语）；2021 上海卷 —more helpful（形容词 helpful 变比较级作表语）；2020 上海卷 —careful（名词 care 变形容词作定语） 1. 名词变形容词（加 - ful/-al/-y，如 care→careful、industry→industrial）、形容词变名词（加 - ness/-ity，如 happy→happiness、curious→curiosity）的隐形转换为核心，近 5 年出现 4 次，占该题型考查量的 67%；2. 形容词变比较级 / 最高级的语境判断，需依托隐含比较范围（如 than/in + 范围 /one of the...），2020-2024 年出现 3 次，其中最高级考查 2 次（2022、2024 年）；3. 形容词变副词（加 - ly，如 quick→quickly）修饰动词或形容词，2024 年考 1 次，需注意词性搭配规则（副词修饰动词 / 形容词，形容词修饰名词）；4. 词形变化需结合语境语义，如 2023 年 curiosity（好奇心）与 curious（好奇的）的区分，需根据句子成分（宾语用名词）判断。 考点一：冠词的隐形用法 ——"三看" 突围法 1.（2024上海卷）Shanghai is ______ dynamic city that attracts talents from all over the world. 答案：a 解析：可数名词单数 city 首次出现，表泛指 "一个充满活力的城市"，dynamic 以辅音音素 /d/ 开头，故填 a。 看名词属性：可数名词单数首次出现用不定冠词（a/an），元音音素开头用 an，辅音音素开头用 a；特指（上文提及、有修饰限定）用定冠词 the。 2.（2023上海卷）It is ______ first time that she has visited the Bund since she moved to Shanghai. 答案：the 解析：固定句型 "It is the first time that..."，序数词 first 前需加定冠词 the，故填 the。 .看固定搭配：熟记抽象名词具体化（a success/a surprise）、序数词前、形容词最高级前、乐器前用 the 等固定规则。 3.（原创）We are going to visit ______ museum that houses rare cultural relics of Shanghai. 答案：the 解析：museum 后有定语从句 "that houses rare cultural relics of Shanghai" 限定，表特指 "收藏上海珍贵文物的博物馆"，故填 the。 看修饰成分：名词后有定语从句、介词短语等限定成分时，用 the 表特指。 考点二：介词的隐形搭配 ——"双线索" 定位法 1.（2023上海卷）The solution ______ the problem requires cooperation between different departments. 答案：to 解析：固定搭配 "the solution to..." 表示 "…… 的解决方案"，故填 to。 固定搭配线索：依托动词、名词、形容词的固定介词搭配解题，无需语境推理。 2.（2024上海卷）The ancient building has been well-preserved ______ centuries of careful protection. 答案：for 解析：根据语境 "经过几个世纪的精心保护，这座古建筑保存完好"，表时间持续用介词 for，故填 for。 语境逻辑线索：根据分句间时间、地点、方式、目的、因果等逻辑关系判断介词。 考点三：代词的隐形指代 ——"指代一致性" 原则 1.（2024上海卷）Many young people choose to work in Shanghai because ______ career opportunities are abundant. 答案：its 解析：指代前文 "Shanghai"，表 "它的就业机会"，用形容词性物主代词 its，故填 its。 1.人称 / 物主代词：根据前文指代对象的人称、单复数确定形式，确保指代一致。 2.（2022 上海卷）She published a book, ______ has been translated into several languages. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句指代前文 "a book"，指物且作主语，故填 which。 2.关系代词：定语从句中，先行词指人用 who/whom，指物用 which/that，指代前文整句话用 which。 3.（原创）______ is important for students to master the skills of invisible grammar points. 答案：It 解析：固定句型 "It is important for sb. to do sth."，it 作形式主语，代指后面的不定式短语，故填 It。 3.形式代词 it：作形式主语（代指不定式 / 从句）、形式宾语（代指不定式 / 从句）或指代前文单数可数名词。 考点四：连词的隐形逻辑 ——"分句关系" 分析法 1.（2023 上海卷）The task is difficult, ______ we are determined to complete it on time. 答案：but 解析：前半句 "任务艰巨" 与后半句 "我们决心按时完成" 为转折关系，故填 but。 1.并列连词：根据分句间并列、转折、选择、因果关系，选用 and/but/or/so。 2.（2024 上海卷）______ you visit Shanghai Disneyland, you will be impressed by its unique charm. 答案：When/If 解析：根据语境 "当你参观上海迪士尼乐园时 / 如果你参观上海迪士尼乐园，你会被它独特的魅力所打动"，表时间或条件均可，故填 When/If。 2.状语从句连词：根据语境判断时间（when/while/as）、原因（because/since）、条件（if/unless）、让步（though/although）等关系。 考点五：词形变化的隐形提示 ——"词性搭配" 规则法 1.（2024 上海卷）We need to take ______ (action) measures to protect the historical buildings in Shanghai. 答案：active 解析：修饰名词 measures 需用形容词，action 的形容词形式为 active，表 "积极的措施"，故填 active。 1.名词变形容词：名词后加 - y/-ful/-al 等后缀，作定语修饰名词或作表语。 2.（2023 上海卷）Her ______ (kind) and generosity have won the respect of all colleagues. 答案：kindness 解析：作主语需用名词，kind 的名词形式为 kindness，为不可数名词，故填 kindness。 2.形容词变名词：形容词后加 - ness/-ity 等后缀，作主语或宾语。 3.（原创）Among all the cities in China, Shanghai is one of the ______ (modern) metropolises. 答案：most modern 解析：隐含比较范围 "among all the cities"，用最高级，modern 为多音节词，故填 most modern。 3.形容词变比较级 / 最高级：根据语境隐含的比较范围（than/in + 范围）判断，单音节词加 - er/-est，多音节词前加 more/most。 （建议用时：15分钟） 【类型一：冠词隐形用法】 1．（2025 上海模拟）______ Huangpu River is an important waterway that witnesses the development of Shanghai. 2．（原创）My brother dreams of becoming ______ astronaut who explores space technology in Shanghai. 3．It is ______ great honor to be invited to attend the international conference held in ______ center of Shanghai. 【类型二：介词隐形搭配】 4．（2024 上海卷改编）The research team has made great progress ______ the support of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. 5．She is deeply interested ______ the history of Shanghai, especially the period of the Republic of China. 6．The project will be completed ______ the end of this year, contributing to the economic development of Shanghai. 【类型三：代词隐形指代】 7．（2023 上海卷改编）Many foreigners come to Shanghai to pursue ______ dreams, attracted by its development potential. 8．（原创）Shanghai is a city full of surprises, and ______ never fails to impress visitors from all over the world. 9．The book ______ he recommended introduces the traditional customs of Shanghai in detail. 【类型四：连词隐形逻辑】 10．（2022 上海卷改编）He studied hard, ______ he passed the entrance exam of Shanghai University successfully. 11．______ you are in trouble in Shanghai, you can turn to the local community for help. 12．The museum is small, ______ it houses a large number of precious cultural relics of Shanghai. 【类型五：词形变化隐形提示】 13．（原创）The ______ (culture) diversity of Shanghai makes it a charming city for international communication. 14．We should show ______ (patient) when learning the invisible grammar points of Shanghai 高考. 15．This is one of the ______ (important) events in the recent history of Shanghai. （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：冠词 + 语境综合判断】 1．（2025 上海名校联考）______ Smiths have lived in Shanghai for over 20 years, and they consider ______ city their second home. 2．（原创）______ success of the project lies in ______ close cooperation between Shanghai and other coastal cities. 【类型二：介词 + 固定搭配 + 逻辑双重线索】 3．（2024 上海卷改编）The artist is famous ______ his unique style, which is deeply rooted ______ the folk art of Shanghai. 4．She has a talent ______ music, and she hopes to study ______ a famous music college in Shanghai. 5．______ the help of advanced technology, we can learn about the history of Shanghai ______ a new perspective. 【类型三：代词 + 指代范围隐形判断】 6．（2023 上海卷改编）The number of foreign tourists visiting Shanghai has increased, and ______ of them prefer to experience local life. 7．（原创）Shanghai has launched many policies to support young entrepreneurs, ______ benefits both individuals and the society. 8．______ is necessary for us to understand the cultural background behind the invisible grammar points in Shanghai. 【类型四：连词 + 长难句逻辑分析】 9．（2022 上海卷改编）______ he has lived in Shanghai for many years, he still doesn’t know some hidden alleys full of history. 10．We will hold the exhibition in Shanghai ______ the weather is fine; otherwise, we will postpone it to next month. 11．She not only speaks fluent English ______ also has a good command of Shanghai dialect. 【类型五：词形变化 + 词性搭配隐性提示】 12．（原创）The ______ (industry) development of Shanghai has brought great changes to people’s lives. 13．His ______ (wise) in making decisions has helped the company achieve great success in Shanghai market. 14．Of all the scenic spots in Shanghai, the Bund is ______ (attractive) to tourists from abroad. 15．The ______ (sudden) change of weather didn’t affect the travel plan of the visitors to Shanghai. （建议用时：20分钟） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Robots entering Chinese homes During the World Smart Industry Expo 2025, crowds of visitors gathered at the booth of Agile Robots to watch a robotic arm move precisely over a participant’s waist. Using sensors to detect muscle tension and applying the ideal amount of pressure for a massage, the robotic arm drew exclamations of amazement: “ 1 technique is even better than a veteran masseur!” The healthcare robot 2 (develop)by the Beijing-based company is called "Dabai” and is equipped with tactile sensors and artificial intelligence algorithms. It can provide users with professional massage services.With a focus on “AI+” and “Intelligent Connected New Energy Vehicles”this year, the four-day expo from Friday to Monday brought together more than 600 domestic and international businesses, 3 (showcase) over 3,000 innovations in the smart technology industry. One particular highlight of the exhibition area was the various smart robot products 4 targeted ordinary Chinese households. “The physiotherapy services industry relies on the therapist’s skills and faces challenges such as long training periods and a high staff turnover,” said Zhang Mingfeng, electrical supervisor at Agile Robots. “The key to 5 (address) industry bottlenecks is to standardize products and services.” From humanoid robots that can sing and dance to floor-cleaning machines and electronic pets, a variety of advanced devices are now entering everyday households. These products, once limited to factories and laboratories, are now helping to improve people’s daily lives. “Robots are not cold machines in steel shells. We aim to make technology help,” said Xi E’e, head of brand operations of an industrial innovation park in Chongqing. “These innovative products cover scenarios 6 household use, healthcare and outdoor activities, as the smart robots cater to diversifying consumer demands,” said Xi. According to data from the 2025 World Robot Conference, China 7 (remain) the world’s largest industrial robot market for 12 consecutive years. Meanwhile,the output of service robots exceeded 10.5 million units in 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 34.3 percent. According to a Morgan Stanley report, China’s robotics market 8 (project) to grow from $47 billion in 2024 to $108 billion by 2028, with service robots achieving a compound annual growth rate of 25 percent. “My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that 9 engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. It functions as both a learning assistant and a delightful companion. China’s robotics industry is accelerating its development toward large-scale production and cost reductions 10 establishing a complete supply chain from design to assembly. Why are girls putting off science? We surveyed around 100 readers of Girl Talk, a magazine with a readership of girls aged 7 to 11, to find out 1 they think about their science lessons. We also sent out surveys to over 1,000 11- to 14-year-olds to find out about their most and least favorite school subjects. The results were revealing. When we asked the 11- to 14-year-olds to pick their favorite three subjects, we found a marked difference between the genders: for the girls, art came out on top, with English and drama joint second. For the boys, information and communication technology (ICT)/computing came first, with PE and Maths 2 (come) in close behind. When we asked the interviewees 3 these subjects were their favorites, 38 per cent of girls (compared to 28 per cent of boys) responded with ‘I like the teacher’. Previous research which 4 (conduct) by the Institute of Physics has shown the enormous importance of teachers for girls’ motivation. “Girls are more sensitive,” says Beth Bramley, gender balance manager at the Institute of Physics. “Girls respond better to 5 (inspire) by others, teachers having belief in them and showing enthusiasm for the subject-more so than the gender of their teacher.” Yet at a younger age, the girls 6 (survey) really enjoyed science, especially the experiments. So there’s something happening around the time girls are entering secondary school 7 is turning them off the subject. According to Bramley, they could be getting sidelined when it comes to doing the fun stuff. “With science experiments, if you let young people take charge, then the boys get to do the hands-on experiment, and the girls take a step back and write stuff up,” she says. But she says there are quick ways to fix this problem. In group work, teachers 8 assign the students particular roles, for example one student might be a scribe (抄写员) and another one might be in charge of a particular device. These roles can then be played in turn, so that everyone has an opportunity to do 9 . There is evidence that (10) 10 a girl has had a hands-on, leadership role a couple of times, she becomes more confident in carrying out the tasks. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $