内容正文:
人教版九年级语法总结表
Unit 6: When was it invented?
语法总结模块
1. 一般过去时的被动语态
语 法 点
核心规则
例句
考点提示
含 义
表示过去某个时间里,主语承受的动作或状态。强调动作的承受者,而非执行者。
The window was broken yesterday.
强调过去发生的被动动作
动 词 形 式
was/were+过去分词。主语是单数(第一、三人称)时,用"was+过去分词";主语是复数(第二人称或名词复数)时,用"were+过去分词"。
was/were+过去分词
注意
was/were的正确使用
肯 定 句
主语+was/were+过去分词+(其他)
The letter was written this
morning.
强调动作的承受者
否 定 句
主语+was/were+not+过去分词+(其他)
The work wasn't finished on time.
在was/were后加not
一 般 疑 问 句
Was/Were+主语+过去分词+(其他)?
Was the letter sent?
将was/were提到主语前
特 殊 疑 问 句
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+(其他)?
When was the bridge built?
特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句
用法
情 况
说明
例句
1
强调动作的承受者,不清楚或不必提及动作的执行者。
My bike was stolen last night.
2
当动作的执行者由by引出时,突出执行者。
The room was cleaned by my mother.
主动语态变被动语态
主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
1. 将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语;
2. 将主动句的谓语动词变为"was/were+过去分词"形式;
3. 将主动句的主语变为by的宾语,放在被动句的末尾(可省略);
4. 注意被动句中was/were的使用要与主语保持一致。例如:主动句:They built the bridge in 1990.
被动句:The bridge was built (by them) in 1990.
Unit 7: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
语法总结模块
1. 含有情态动词的被动语态
语法点
核心规则
例句
考点提示
含义
表示主语"能够、必须、应该、可能"等被执行某个动作,强调主语承受的动作,同时体现动作的可能性、必要性等情态意义。
The rules should be followed.
强调主语承受的动作以及动作的可能性、必要性等
动词形式
情态动词+be+过去分词。常见情态动词包括:can, may, must, should, need(情态动词用法), could, might, ought to等。
情态动词+be+过去分词
注意情态动词的正确使用
肯定句
主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+(其他)
The work should be finished by
Friday.
强调应该被完成的动作
否定句
主语+情态动词+not+be+过去分词+(其他)
The news must not be spread.
在情态动词后加not
一般
疑问句
情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+(其他)?
Can the problem be solved?
将情态动词提到主语前
特殊
疑问句
特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+ (其他)?
When must the report be
handed in?
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
用法
情 况
说明
例句
1
表达主语被执行动作的"能力、许可、义务、推测"等情态含义。
Visitors may be allowed to enter.
2
当动作的执行者不明确、不重要,或需要强调主语时使用。
The package will be delivered tomorrow.
3
可通过"by+执行者"引出动作发出者,突出执行者。
The project must be completed by the team.
转换
转换规则:将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语;主动句的"情态动词+动词原形"变为被动句的"情态动词+be+过去分词";主动句的主语由by引出(可省略)。
例如:主动句:We should respect the elderly.
被动句:The elderly should be respected by us. (省略执行者) The elderly should be respected.
被动语态的各种时态形式
时态
结构
例句
一般现在时
am/is/are+过去分词
History is made by the people.
一般过去时
was/were+过去分词
The letter was written in English.
一般将来时
will be+过去分词
Your job will be kept open for your return.
现在进行时
am/is/are+being+过去分词
A new railway is being built.
过去进行时
was/were+being+过去分词
The road was being widened when I passed by the village.
现在完成时
have/has been+过去分词
He has been sent to work in Shanghai.
过去完成时
had been+过去分词
A new hotel had been built when I got there.
情态动词
情态动词+be+过去分词
The rules should be followed.
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