内容正文:
专题02 介词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 4
★ 考点一 介词的基本用法 4
★ 考点二 介词与其它词类搭配 9
★ 考点三 动词短语中的介词 15
04 优题精选·练能提分 21
考点
课标要求
复习目标
常用介词的基础用法(时间 / 地点 / 方式类)
掌握常见介词(如 in/on/at 等)的基础用法,包括用于表示时间、地点、方式、对象等语境
1. 系统梳理常用介词的基础用法,强化在时间、地点等不同语境中的运用能力;
2. 熟练掌握核心介词固定搭配,提升短语运用的准确性;
3. 厘清易混介词的差异,避免语境中的使用错误
介词的固定搭配(动 / 名 / 形 + 介词)
掌握教材核心的介词固定搭配,涵盖动词、名词、形容词与介词的组合用法
易混介词的辨析
能区分含义、用法相近的介词(如 in/on、between/among 等),明确其适用场景
命题预测
介词是中考英语的核心考点之一。主要命题角度:常用介词的基础用法(高频)、介词的固定搭配(高频)、易混介词的辨析(高频)。主要在单项选择、完形填空、短文填空中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊 1:根据 “语境类型”(时间 / 地点 / 方式等)锁定介词,明确不同语境下介词的常规适用规则;
锦囊 2:依托 “固定搭配积累”,熟记教材中核心的动 / 名 / 形 + 介词组合,直接匹配正确介词;
考点一 介词的基本用法
要点1 介词形式的分类
时间介词:at, about, after, before, during, by, from, for, in, on,, until, since
方位介词:at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through
原因介词:at, with, because of, for, owing to, on account of
方式介词:with, in, by
其它介词:about关于, on关于, of ......的, with与......一起,用, without没有, like像, except除了, besides除了......之外还有, instead of而不是, but除了,from自从,despite, in spite of, regardless of等。
要点2 常用介词辨析
1. 表示“时间”的介词
at, on , in
at表示时刻、时间的某一点;at noon, at 7 o’clock, at dawn, at daybreak, at sunrise, at Christmas
on表示具体的某一天,某一天的上、下午或晚上;on October 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day
in表示月、季节、年,泛指上午、下午、晚上(在一段时间内); in Ming Dynasty, in September, in the morning
before表示“在……之前”;after表示“在……之后”。
I will be back before lunch.午饭之前我赶回来。
The nights start after half past five in winter.冬天的夜晚在5点半之后开始。
by, until/till, by, until
by表示“在……之前,截止到……”;
until/till表示“直到……为止”;
by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成;
until表示动作持续到什么时候,在终止性动词的否定式中,二者通用。
Can you repair my bike by Friday?你能在星期五之前修好我的自行车吗?
You can stay on the bus until London.你可以不用下车,一直坐到伦敦。
We didn’t begin to watch TV until/till 7:00.直到7点我们才开始看电视。
The work won’t be finished by/until tomorrow.这项工作明天才能完成。
for, during, through
for表示“达……之久”,指经过多长时间,常和完成时连用;
during表示“在……期间或某项活动中”;
through表示“一直……”,指从开始到结束。
They have lived here for five years.他们已经在这里生活了5年。
She learned Japanese during her stay in Shanghai.她在上海逗留期间学会了日语。
They played cards through the night.他们打了一整夜的牌。
from, since
from表示“从……起”;
since表示“自从……以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)”
The meeting will be held from seven to nine.这个会议将从7点开到9点。
I have been studying medicine since 2021.自从2021年以来我一直在学习医学。
in, within
in表示“在……后(未来时间)”;
within表示“不超过……的范围”。
He will be back in three hours.他3小时后回来。
You must finish the test within an hour.你必须在一小时之内完成这项测试。
2. 表示动向和位置的介词
at, in,
at表示“在某地(较狭窄的场所)”;
in表示“在某地(较宽敞的场所)”。
at home在家
at a factory在一家工厂
in Beijing在北京
in the world在世界上
on, above, over和below, under, beneath
on表示“在……上面(有接触面)”;above表示“在……上方”;over表示“在……正上方”;under表示“在……正下方”;below表示“在……下方”。
on the wall在墙上
above the clouds在云端
over the sea在海上
under the chair在椅子下
below the surface of the water在水面下
by, near
by表示“在……旁边”;
near表示“在……附近”。
by me在我旁边
near the house在房子附近
between, among, around
between表示“在两者之间”;
among表示“在三者(以上)之中”;
around表示“环绕(四周)”。
between A and B在A和B之间
among the trees在树林中
around the table围在桌边
in front of, opposite, behind
in front of表示“在……前面/正面”;
behind表示“在……后面”;
opposite表示“在……对面”。
in front of the classroom在教室前面
behind my house在我家房子后面
opposite me在我对面
in, into, out of , up
in表示“在……之内”,
into表示“进入”;
out of表示“从……到外面”;
up表示“向上移动”。
be in the classroom在教室里
ran into the classroom跑进教室
rush out of the room冲出房间
climb up the tree爬上树
along, across, past, through
along表示“沿着”;
across表示“横穿(平面)”;
past表示“经过”;
through表示“通过(内部空间)”其含义与in有关,。
along the river/railway沿着河边/铁路
across the river横渡过河
past the city hall经过市政厅
through the city/forest穿过城市/森林
to, for, from
to表示“到达……目的地或目标”;
for表示“向……(目的地)”;
from表示“从……(地点)起”。
get to the airport到达机场
leave for动身去
from Beijing to Shanghai从北京到上海
3. 表示原因的介词
常见的表示“原因、理由”的介词有for, at, from, with, by, because of , owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to, out of, through等。
for, because of, at, out of
for:多=与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason, famous等词连用。
I must apologize for calling you so late.和抱歉我这么晚来找你。
at:常表示某种表情的起因,常和表示听、看或喜、怒、吃惊等词连用。
You didn’t looked very surprised at the news of his failure.听到他失败的消息,你看上去并不是很吃惊。
He got angry at her words他因她所说的话而生气。
from:常接抽象名词表示自然或间接原因
Lots of people suffered from hunger in those days.在那些日子里,许多人都遭受到了饥饿之苦。
of:多用于自身的原因,如死因、病因等。
I'm ashamed of myself for being so stupid.我为自己这么笨而感到羞愧 He died of cancer.他死于癌症。
with:多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的动词之后,表示某种心理或心理状况的原因。
Her face went white with anger.她气得脸都白了。
by:表示“由于,成为……结果”,不与冠词连用。
by chance/accident意外,偶然地, by nature天生
because of:意为“由于,因为”,在句中仅作状语,修饰句中的一部分,与其他成分不用逗号隔开。
He didn't go to work because of his illness.由于生病他没去上班。
owing to:与because of 一样,也强调因果关系,作状语修饰整个句子,可放在句首或句末,用逗号隔开。
They decided to postpone the trip, owing to the change of the weather.
由于天气变化,他们决定推迟旅行。
due to:引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作状语时与owing to同义,一般不用逗号与其他成分隔开,且不放于句首。
The team's success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。
on account of:与because of,owing to同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语,但不作定语。
That was on account of lack of exercise.那是由于缺乏锻炼。
thanks to:只能用作状语,可以表示正面的意思“幸亏”,也可以用在讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。
The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast.
由于全体演员的出色表演 那出戏剧才获得成功。4. 表示除.....之外的介词
besides表示“除了……外,还有……”,表示累加关系,指包括介词宾语在内;
except表示“除……以外”,表示排除关系,指从整体中除去一部分;
but表示“除……以外”,与except同义,但是比except的语气更强烈。
I like English and maths besides Chinese.除了语文,我还喜欢英语和数学。
Everyone is here except Miss Ye.除了叶老师外,所有人都在这里。
There is nothing in the basket but three eggs.篮子里除了3个鸡蛋外,什么也没有。
5. 表示“支持或反对”的介词
against:意为“反对”,指在观点或张方面与某人采取立的态度。
He is against your opinion.他反对你的观点。
for:指在观点或主张等方面与某人采取一致的态度,思是“支持,赞成”,与in favor of同义。
Are you for the plan or against it?你支持还是反对这个计划?
6. 表示方式的介词
in, with, by
in表示“用材料、语言”。Can you say it in English?
with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。
by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。He prefers traveling by car.
【易错提醒】
1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morning
2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如: next Sunday
3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sunday
4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时,其前面不用介词,如:You can come any day.
1.(2025·上海虹口·三模)The success of the project depends ______ the effort of every member.
A.on B.for C.with D.of
2.(2025·上海闵行·三模)We’ll have to work on our own ________ the time being until we find partners.
A.at B.for C.with D.from
3.(2025·上海杨浦·三模)AI is a very smart tool. It can help you ________ different kinds of tasks.
A.by B.to C.with D.for
4.(2025·上海徐汇·二模)________ the Spring Festival, a large number of audience went to watch the animated film Ne Zha 2.
A.On B.For C.During D.In
5.(2025·上海松江·二模)The Mid-autumn Festival is ________ the 15 day of the eighth lunar month.
A.in B.on C.at D.by
6.(2025·上海普陀·二模)Our English teacher usually praises us ______ trying our best.
A.for B.on C.to D.at
7.(2025·上海崇明·一模)The 7th CIIE (进博会) was held in Shanghai ________ November, 2024.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
8.(2025·上海青浦·一模)Visitors can see amazing ice sculptures in Harbin ________ winter.
A.to B.on C.in D.at
9.(2025·上海青浦·二模)In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle.
A.by B.for C.with D.outside
10.(2025·上海徐汇·二模)The concert will be held ________ the afternoon of May 1st, 2025.
A.on B.in C.at D.for
考点二 介词与其它词类搭配
要点1 介词和名词的搭配
① at+n. 表示状态
at peace 处于和平中 at ease 安心自在,不拘束 at drill 在操练
at random随意地,胡乱地 at work 在工作 at play 在玩耍
② by+n. 表示方式
by hand 手工的 by mistake 错误的 by chance/accident 偶然
by design 故意地 by turns 轮流地,交替地 by surprise 突然(冷不防,出其不意地)
③ in+n.表示方式
in shape 在外形上 in cash 用现金付的 in brief 简言之
in detail 详细地 in general 一般说来 in person 亲自 in tum 轮流,依次
in advance 事先提前 in vain 白费,徒劳
④ in+n 表示状态
in debt 负债 in order 整齐 in condition健康
in doubt 怀疑 in danger 处于危险中 in surprise惊奇地
in public 公开的 in shame 由于害羞 in comfort舒适地
⑤ of +n. 表示特征
of value 有价值 of importance重要 of use 有用
of help 有帮助 of interest有兴趣 of ability 有能力
⑥ on +n. 表示状态
on guard 值班,警戒 on show/display展览 on business 因公出差
on strike在罢工 on duty 值班 on leave/sick leave 在度假/休病假
⑦ out of +n 表示状态
out of sight 看不到 out of mind 发狂 out of danger脱离危险
out of trouble摆脱困难 out of office 在野,不执政 out of business 失业
out of fashion 不流行 out of order 出故障 out of debt 不欠债
out of control不受控制 out of question 毫无疑问 out of breath 气喘吁吁
out of condition 身体不佳 out of date 过时
⑧ under+n.表示被动
under discussion/treatment/control/attack/consideration在讨论中/治疗中/控制中/被攻击/在考虑中
⑨ with+n. 表示方式
with pleasure愉快地 with delight 高兴地 with fear 吓得
with satisfaction 满意地 with difficulty困难地 with ease 轻而易举地
要点2 介词和形容词的搭配
① adj. + about
be anxious about 为……而忧虑 be certain/sure about 对……有把握
be doubtful about 对……怀疑 be enthusiastic about 对……热情的/热心的
be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be incredulous about 对……不相信
② adj.+ at
be quick at 做……敏捷 be slow at 对……反应慢 be surprised at 对……吃惊
be bad at 不擅长 be terrified at 受到……恐吓 be shocked at ……震惊
③ adj. + from
be absent from 缺席 be free from 不受……影响
be safe from 安全 be different from 与……不同
④ adj. + for
be anxious for 渴望 be hungry for渴望 be eager for 渴望
be fit for 适合 be unfit for不适合 be thankful for 因……而感激
be famous for 因……而著名 be ready for为……作好准备 be responsible for 对……负责
⑤ adj. + in
be weak in不擅长…… be strict in 对……严格 be rich in 含有丰富的……
be dressed in 穿着…… be successful in 在……上成功 be absorbed in 专心于
be disappointed in 对……失望 be experienced in 对……有经验 be expert in 在……方面熟练
be fortunate in 有幸
⑥ adj. + of
be ashamed of 羞耻 be aware of 知道 be guilty of 有罪的
be proud of 骄傲 be short of 缺乏 be sick of 厌烦
be tired of 厌倦 be worthy of值得 be free of 免于
be shy of 对……感到害羞
⑦ adj. + to
be contrary to 与……相反 be determined to 决定…… be equal to 等于 be familiar to 对……所熟悉 be favourable to 对……有利 be harmful to 对……有害
be different to 不同于 be similar to 相似,相似 be polite to 对……有礼貌 be rude to 对……无礼 be determined to 决定… be equal to 等于
be familiar to对……所熟悉 be favourable to对……有利 be harmful to对……有害 be similar to 相似,相似 be polite to对……有礼貌 be suitable to 适合
be rude to对……无礼 be married to 与……结婚
⑧ adj. + with
be popular with 受……欢迎 be patient with 对……有耐心 be sick with 患病
be pleased with 对……喜欢 be crowded with 充满…… be content with 对……满足 be annoyed with 对……烦恼 be familiar with 精通,熟悉 be friendly with 与……友好 be nervous with 对……紧张 be satisfied with 对……满意
⑨ adj. + on
be dependant on 依靠 be keen on 热衷于…… be severe on对……严格/严厉
要点3 介词其它搭配
n.+prep. +n.
① n. +by+n.
side by side 肩并肩
step by step 一步一步地 one by one 一个接一个地
little by little一点一点地 day by day 一天一天地
② n. + after +n.
day after day日复一日地 year after year 复一年地
③ n. +in+n.
arm in arm 手挽手地 hand in hand手牵手地 heart in ones mouth 提心吊胆
④ n. + to + n.
day to day 日常的 heart to heart互相交心地 face to face 面对面地
back to back 背靠背地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
⑤ in +n. +of
in fear of 害怕 in charge of负责 in honor of 为纪念,为庆祝
in memory of 为纪念 in need/want/demand of需要 in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有 in search of 寻找 in case of 以防,万一
in control of 管理 in danger of处于……的危险中 in terms of就......而言
in respect of关于,涉及 in spite of尽管,虽然 in praise of表扬
1.(2025·上海崇明·一模)A recent survey showed 75% of those questioned were ________ favour of the plan.
A.on B.by C.with D.in
2.(2025·上海嘉定·一模)To her ________, the lost wallet was returned with all the money still inside.
A.amazement B.amazed C.amazing D.amazingly
3.(2025·江西景德镇·三模)The family had a picnic in the park ________ having dinner at home last Sunday, since the weather was fine.
A.as for B.because of C.instead of D.thanks to
4.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—It is reported that the fire was no longer burning and the situation was ________.
—Thanks to the firefighters and the volunteers, people there are safe now.
A.at risk B.under control C.by chance D.in danger
5.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—The new smart phone-boxes in Shanghai allow people to make calls without money.
—You mean we can call somebody ________?
A.by accident B.in danger C.for free D.with effort
6.(2025·广东汕头·三模)Don’t be too strict with him. ________, he is only a little child.
A.Above all B.After all C.In all D.First of all
7.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—Why did your mother sew (缝) your name on your school uniform?
—She did that so others wouldn’t take it ________.
A.in return B.by mistake C.on purpose D.for free
8.(2025·福建福州·三模)Lucy worked very hard. ________, she became the top student in her class.
A.Above all B.As a result C.As usual
9.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Be careful! The box of eggs has “________” on it.
—OK, and thanks for reminding.
A.in control B.on duty C.with care D.at risk
10.(2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测)—The document is important for our project.
—I see. I will send it ________ to make sure it reaches safely.
A.by chance B.in person C.on purpose D.in detail
考点三 动词短语中的介词
1.动词+ away构成的短语动词有:
throw away扔掉 put away把……收拾好 give away捐赠,分发
carry away运走 run away 潜逃,跑开 go away 走开
2.动词+ for构成的短语动词有:
answer for负责 provide for供给 all for要求
plan for打算,为……计划hope for希望,期待 ask for索取,寻找
send for派人去请 go for努力获取 pay for偿还,赔偿
3.动词+on构成的短语动词有:
try on试穿,试验 put on穿上,上演 have on穿着,戴着
pull on穿,戴 hold on不挂断,坚持,继续 carry on继续开展,坚持
keep on继续 go on继续 get on上(车)
4.动词+over构成的短语动词有:
come over过来 hand over移交 go over仔细检查,复习
get over克服,恢复 look over检查 think over仔细考虑
take over接受,接管 hand over 移交 turn over翻转
5.动词+ up构成的短语动词有:
bring up抚育,培养 call up召唤,打电话给 come up走上前来,长出
cut up切碎 fix up修理 give up放弃;go up 上升,增长
grow up 长大 look up尊敬,向上看,查寻 make up虚构,弥补,组成
put up举起,搭建 set up建立,创(纪录) pick up 捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到
send up发射 show up 揭露,露面 turn up出现,把……调高一点
6.动词+out构成的短语动词有:
come out出来 go out出去,熄灭 look out留神,当心
walk out走出 set out出发,开始 put out扑灭,生产
give out发出,发表 hand out分发 pick out挑选
find out找出,发现 speak out大声地说 turn out生产,结果是
get out出去,离开 carry out实行,执行 work out计算出,解决,实行,行得通
bring out出版 start out 出发,动身。
【易错提醒】
【01】考生容易死记硬背短语搭配,例如遇到 stand只想到自己最熟悉的短语,但有的动词可以搭配较多介词,分别引用有不同的语境,需要瞻前顾后,分析句子结构,理清句意才能得出正确答案。
【02】介词或介词短语的意思随着语境的变化会有灵活的变化,且不可生搬硬套,应当熟练掌握介词的基本意思,再根据不同的语境做出正确的判断。
1.(2025·上海虹口·三模)The success of the project depends ______ the effort of every member.
A.on B.for C.with D.of
2.(2025·上海·模拟预测)It’s raining heavily. ________ your raincoat then.
A.Put away B.Put on C.Take off D.Take away
3.(2025·上海·模拟预测)Our teachers are getting on well ________ us. We all like them.
A.with B.for C.in D.about
4.(2024·上海·模拟预测)I want to __________ a debate club to improve my critical thinking.
A.join B.enter for C.take part in D.join in
5.(2024·上海·模拟预测)They had escaped to America shortly before war __________ in 1939.
A.broke B.broke out C.broke down D.broke into
6.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)—Miss Young ______ swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years.
—That’s why she swims so freely.
A.turned on B.took up C.dropped by D.gave up
7.(2025·安徽黄山·二模)—We are going on a hiking trip next week. What should we ________ first?
—Check the weather report. It helps us dress properly.
A.take up B.give up C.look up D.clear up
8.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)—Aunt Mary never ________ things to be done today until tomorrow.
—Yeah! She is very good at planning and can always manage her time perfectly.
A.gives up B.checks out C.puts off D.hands in
9.(2025·安徽黄山·一模)Whenever I ________ the West Lake, I always stop to enjoy its beauty.
A.start with B.pass by C.set up D.clear out
10.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)—My grandpa often tells me stories about Chinese astronauts. He says we should all _________ them because they devote (奉献) themselves to our country’s space dream.
—You’re right! They’re real heroes.
A.look up to B.look forward to C.take care of D.be known for
11.(2025·云南玉溪·三模)Many Chinese people usually _______ some paper cuttings on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck.
A.put up B.give up C.take up D.stay up
12.(2025·云南昆明·三模)—What a day! I’m so tired but I can’t sleep!
—Why not ________ and enjoy a good movie?
A.sit back B.look back C.call back D.bring back
13.(2025·广东汕头·二模)When you have to stay outside for a night, you’d better________ a tent to keep you safer.
A.set out B.set off C.set up D.set down
14.(2025·广东汕头·三模)At the party, Jim sat in a corner by himself. He thought he was ________.
A.called in B.ran after C.let down D.left out
15.(2025·江苏徐州·三模)Local people in Xuzhou like to ________ tents in parks to enjoy the pleasant weather and feel the spring breath.
A.clean up B.put up C.look up D.give up
【真题链接】
1.(2023·上海·中考真题)The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists.
A.for B.with C.of D.about
2.(2021·上海·中考真题)Many medical workers are busy ________ their work during lunch time.
A.to B.of C.from D.with
3.(2020·上海·中考真题)The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years.
A.by B.for C.on D.though
4.(2016·上海·中考真题)When James arrived at the railway station, he tried to look ____ a place to park his car.
A.after B.at C.up D.for
5.(2019·上海·中考真题)Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool.
A.at B.by C.over D.under
6.(2018·上海·中考真题)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
7.(2016·上海·中考真题)The local community center is open_____________ Monday to Saturday.
A.in B.from C.for D.on
8.(2017·上海·中考真题)(2017 • 上海中考)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City ______________ the airport.
A.at B.under C.on D.with
9.(2014·上海·中考真题)Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates.
A.to B.in C.at D.with
10.(2012·上海·中考真题)You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right.
A.for B.from C.with D.about
11.(2015·上海·中考真题) I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain.
A.in B.of C.on D.at
12.(2014·上海·中考真题)More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground.
A.in B.with C.by D.for
13.(2013·上海·中考真题)Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October!
A.in B.on C.at D.to
14.(2020·上海·中考真题)Mr. Smith always encourages his students to be active________class.
A.in B.by C.with D.from
【名校 最新试题】
1.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)The whole building is empty at weekends ________ some security guards.
A.beside B.besides C.except D.except for
2.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)The train was great, just like a hotel ________ wheels.
A.by B.with C.of D.on
3.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)—Jack? Jack! What’s the matter with you?
—Mom, I am now suffering from an injury ________ the knee. I fell off my bike when cycling in the garden.
A.on B.to C.at D.of
4.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)Washing your hands with soap and running water will help you keep ________ the viruses.
A.in B.with C.off D.from
5.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)They are going to Los Angeles, the USA ________ this Sunday.
A.in B.at C.on D./
6.(25-26九年级上·上海普陀·期中)Our teacher asked us to remove the posters ________ the wall before the exam.
A.for B.from C.with D.of
7.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)Mom and I always visit my grandparents ________ Saturday mornings to have lunch together.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
8.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习)The mother removed her hand ________ her daughter’s shoulder.
A.in B.from C.on D.to
9.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习)A student ________ average intelligence can become a top student through work.
A.in B.on C.of D.about
10.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习)All the boys went swimming that afternoon ________ Bob because he had a cold.
A.except B.including C.besides D.except that
【创新 拔高题】(适合参考高中名校自招及学霸)
1. The answer ______ this question is not clear.
2. _____most book clubs, the Silent Book Club’s Minneapolis chapter doesn’t require members to read a specific book.
3.We were arguing what gift we should send to our teacher when Tom came up a good idea.
4. ______ the variety, most versions have a few things in common. The basic ingredients are flour, baking powder or soda, and salt …..
5. ______ ______ bringing up unnecessary anxiety, the research assumes that peeling can effectively wipe out nearly all pesticide left.
6. I hold the firm belief that I am equal the job as a volunteer for the fair.
7.He took it granted that he would be given the job as a managing director.
8.The serious disease not only led to his disability but also left him heavy debt.
9.On behalf our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.
10. Anyone, _______age or gender, can try it. This makes it widely appealing in China.
11.They are composed several parts, each one with a specific function.
12.Many brave people spare great efforts to climb Mount Everest the risk of losing their lives.
13.Graduating from college doesn’t mean you have to lose touch your former classmates.
14.Focus on your study, and don’t make yourself get distracted the surroundings.
15.When humans engage small talk, it actually provides a feeling of happiness. (用适当的词填空)
16.Shopping on the Internet enables people not to search goods from one store to another.
17.Only by competing each other can we make great progress in our study.
18.When Michael Janes took the project, things changed completely.
19.Would you please drop in the post office on your way home and send off this book for me?
20.The apples on the tree are the reach of the boy, so he had to ask his brother for help.
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专题02 介词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 4
★ 考点一 介词的基本用法 4
★ 考点二 介词与其它词类搭配 9
★ 考点三 动词短语中的介词 15
04 优题精选·练能提分 21
考点
课标要求
复习目标
常用介词的基础用法(时间 / 地点 / 方式类)
掌握常见介词(如 in/on/at 等)的基础用法,包括用于表示时间、地点、方式、对象等语境
1. 系统梳理常用介词的基础用法,强化在时间、地点等不同语境中的运用能力;
2. 熟练掌握核心介词固定搭配,提升短语运用的准确性;
3. 厘清易混介词的差异,避免语境中的使用错误
介词的固定搭配(动 / 名 / 形 + 介词)
掌握教材核心的介词固定搭配,涵盖动词、名词、形容词与介词的组合用法
易混介词的辨析
能区分含义、用法相近的介词(如 in/on、between/among 等),明确其适用场景
命题预测
介词是中考英语的核心考点之一。主要命题角度:常用介词的基础用法(高频)、介词的固定搭配(高频)、易混介词的辨析(高频)。主要在单项选择、完形填空、短文填空中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊 1:根据 “语境类型”(时间 / 地点 / 方式等)锁定介词,明确不同语境下介词的常规适用规则;
锦囊 2:依托 “固定搭配积累”,熟记教材中核心的动 / 名 / 形 + 介词组合,直接匹配正确介词;
考点一 介词的基本用法
要点1 介词形式的分类
时间介词:at, about, after, before, during, by, from, for, in, on,, until, since
方位介词:at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through
原因介词:at, with, because of, for, owing to, on account of
方式介词:with, in, by
其它介词:about关于, on关于, of ......的, with与......一起,用, without没有, like像, except除了, besides除了......之外还有, instead of而不是, but除了,from自从,despite, in spite of, regardless of等。
要点2 常用介词辨析
1. 表示“时间”的介词
at, on , in
at表示时刻、时间的某一点;at noon, at 7 o’clock, at dawn, at daybreak, at sunrise, at Christmas
on表示具体的某一天,某一天的上、下午或晚上;on October 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day
in表示月、季节、年,泛指上午、下午、晚上(在一段时间内); in Ming Dynasty, in September, in the morning
before表示“在……之前”;after表示“在……之后”。
I will be back before lunch.午饭之前我赶回来。
The nights start after half past five in winter.冬天的夜晚在5点半之后开始。
by, until/till, by, until
by表示“在……之前,截止到……”;
until/till表示“直到……为止”;
by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成;
until表示动作持续到什么时候,在终止性动词的否定式中,二者通用。
Can you repair my bike by Friday?你能在星期五之前修好我的自行车吗?
You can stay on the bus until London.你可以不用下车,一直坐到伦敦。
We didn’t begin to watch TV until/till 7:00.直到7点我们才开始看电视。
The work won’t be finished by/until tomorrow.这项工作明天才能完成。
for, during, through
for表示“达……之久”,指经过多长时间,常和完成时连用;
during表示“在……期间或某项活动中”;
through表示“一直……”,指从开始到结束。
They have lived here for five years.他们已经在这里生活了5年。
She learned Japanese during her stay in Shanghai.她在上海逗留期间学会了日语。
They played cards through the night.他们打了一整夜的牌。
from, since
from表示“从……起”;
since表示“自从……以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)”
The meeting will be held from seven to nine.这个会议将从7点开到9点。
I have been studying medicine since 2021.自从2021年以来我一直在学习医学。
in, within
in表示“在……后(未来时间)”;
within表示“不超过……的范围”。
He will be back in three hours.他3小时后回来。
You must finish the test within an hour.你必须在一小时之内完成这项测试。
2. 表示动向和位置的介词
at, in,
at表示“在某地(较狭窄的场所)”;
in表示“在某地(较宽敞的场所)”。
at home在家
at a factory在一家工厂
in Beijing在北京
in the world在世界上
on, above, over和below, under, beneath
on表示“在……上面(有接触面)”;above表示“在……上方”;over表示“在……正上方”;under表示“在……正下方”;below表示“在……下方”。
on the wall在墙上
above the clouds在云端
over the sea在海上
under the chair在椅子下
below the surface of the water在水面下
by, near
by表示“在……旁边”;
near表示“在……附近”。
by me在我旁边
near the house在房子附近
between, among, around
between表示“在两者之间”;
among表示“在三者(以上)之中”;
around表示“环绕(四周)”。
between A and B在A和B之间
among the trees在树林中
around the table围在桌边
in front of, opposite, behind
in front of表示“在……前面/正面”;
behind表示“在……后面”;
opposite表示“在……对面”。
in front of the classroom在教室前面
behind my house在我家房子后面
opposite me在我对面
in, into, out of , up
in表示“在……之内”,
into表示“进入”;
out of表示“从……到外面”;
up表示“向上移动”。
be in the classroom在教室里
ran into the classroom跑进教室
rush out of the room冲出房间
climb up the tree爬上树
along, across, past, through
along表示“沿着”;
across表示“横穿(平面)”;
past表示“经过”;
through表示“通过(内部空间)”其含义与in有关,。
along the river/railway沿着河边/铁路
across the river横渡过河
past the city hall经过市政厅
through the city/forest穿过城市/森林
to, for, from
to表示“到达……目的地或目标”;
for表示“向……(目的地)”;
from表示“从……(地点)起”。
get to the airport到达机场
leave for动身去
from Beijing to Shanghai从北京到上海
3. 表示原因的介词
常见的表示“原因、理由”的介词有for, at, from, with, by, because of , owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to, out of, through等。
for, because of, at, out of
for:多=与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason, famous等词连用。
I must apologize for calling you so late.和抱歉我这么晚来找你。
at:常表示某种表情的起因,常和表示听、看或喜、怒、吃惊等词连用。
You didn’t looked very surprised at the news of his failure.听到他失败的消息,你看上去并不是很吃惊。
He got angry at her words他因她所说的话而生气。
from:常接抽象名词表示自然或间接原因
Lots of people suffered from hunger in those days.在那些日子里,许多人都遭受到了饥饿之苦。
of:多用于自身的原因,如死因、病因等。
I'm ashamed of myself for being so stupid.我为自己这么笨而感到羞愧 He died of cancer.他死于癌症。
with:多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的动词之后,表示某种心理或心理状况的原因。
Her face went white with anger.她气得脸都白了。
by:表示“由于,成为……结果”,不与冠词连用。
by chance/accident意外,偶然地, by nature天生
because of:意为“由于,因为”,在句中仅作状语,修饰句中的一部分,与其他成分不用逗号隔开。
He didn't go to work because of his illness.由于生病他没去上班。
owing to:与because of 一样,也强调因果关系,作状语修饰整个句子,可放在句首或句末,用逗号隔开。
They decided to postpone the trip, owing to the change of the weather.
由于天气变化,他们决定推迟旅行。
due to:引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作状语时与owing to同义,一般不用逗号与其他成分隔开,且不放于句首。
The team's success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。
on account of:与because of,owing to同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语,但不作定语。
That was on account of lack of exercise.那是由于缺乏锻炼。
thanks to:只能用作状语,可以表示正面的意思“幸亏”,也可以用在讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。
The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast.
由于全体演员的出色表演 那出戏剧才获得成功。
4. 表示除.....之外的介词
besides表示“除了……外,还有……”,表示累加关系,指包括介词宾语在内;
except表示“除……以外”,表示排除关系,指从整体中除去一部分;
but表示“除……以外”,与except同义,但是比except的语气更强烈。
I like English and maths besides Chinese.除了语文,我还喜欢英语和数学。
Everyone is here except Miss Ye.除了叶老师外,所有人都在这里。
There is nothing in the basket but three eggs.篮子里除了3个鸡蛋外,什么也没有。
5. 表示“支持或反对”的介词
against:意为“反对”,指在观点或张方面与某人采取立的态度。
He is against your opinion.他反对你的观点。
for:指在观点或主张等方面与某人采取一致的态度,思是“支持,赞成”,与in favor of同义。
Are you for the plan or against it?你支持还是反对这个计划?
6. 表示方式的介词
in, with, by
in表示“用材料、语言”。Can you say it in English?
with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。
by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。He prefers traveling by car.
【易错提醒】
1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morning
2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如: next Sunday
3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sunday
4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时,其前面不用介词,如:You can come any day.
1.(2025·上海虹口·三模)The success of the project depends ______ the effort of every member.
A.on B.for C.with D.of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:项目的成功取决于每个成员的努力。
考查介词。on在……上;for为了;with和;of属于……的。depend on“取决于、依靠”,固定短语。故选A。
2.(2025·上海闵行·三模)We’ll have to work on our own ________ the time being until we find partners.
A.at B.for C.with D.from
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在找到合作伙伴之前,我们暂时得独自工作。
考查介词辨析。at在,通常用于具体时间点;for为了;with和……一起;from从……开始。根据“We’ll have to work on our own ... the time being until we find partners.”可知,“for the time being”为固定短语,意为“暂时;目前”,在句中作时间状语,符合句意。 故选B。
3.(2025·上海杨浦·三模)AI is a very smart tool. It can help you ________ different kinds of tasks.
A.by B.to C.with D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:人工智能是一个非常智能的工具。它可以帮助你完成不同种类的任务。
考查固定短语。by表示通过某种方式或手段;to常表示方向、目的等;with可用于固定短语“help sb. with sth.”,意为“帮助某人做某事”;for常表示目的、原因、对象等 。根据“help you ... different kinds of tasks”可知,此处是“help sb. with sth.”的用法,所以用“with”。 故选C。
4.(2025·上海徐汇·二模)________ the Spring Festival, a large number of audience went to watch the animated film Ne Zha 2.
A.On B.For C.During D.In
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在春节期间,大量的观众去观看了动画电影《哪吒2》。
考查介词辨析。on在,具体到某一天;for为了;during在……期间;in在,与表示年月的时间连用。根据“...the Spring Festival, a large number of audience went to watch the animated film Ne Zha 2.”可知,此处指在春节期间很多人去看电影。故选C。
5.(2025·上海松江·二模)The Mid-autumn Festival is ________ the 15 day of the eighth lunar month.
A.in B.on C.at D.by
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中秋节在阴历八月十五。
考查时间介词辨析。in指天、年、月、季节、周次等;on指具体的某一天或星期几;at指时间点;by到……时。根据“the 15 day of the eighth lunar month”可知,是具体的一天。故选B。
6.(2025·上海普陀·二模)Our English teacher usually praises us ______ trying our best.
A.for B.on C.to D.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们的英语老师通常会因为我们尽力而表扬我们。
考查介词辨析。for为了;on在……上;to到;at在……。根据“trying our best”可知,此处表示因尽力而表扬某人,需用介词for表示原因。故选A。
7.(2025·上海崇明·一模)The 7th CIIE (进博会) was held in Shanghai ________ November, 2024.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:第七届进博会于2024年11月在上海举行。
考查介词辨析。in在某年/月/季节等;at在(几点);on在具体的某一天/某一天的上午/下午/晚上;for达,计,与一段时间连用。“November”为月份,前面应用介词in。故选A。
8.(2025·上海青浦·一模)Visitors can see amazing ice sculptures in Harbin ________ winter.
A.to B.on C.in D.at
【答案】C
【详解】句意:冬天,游客可以在哈尔滨看到令人惊叹的冰雕。
考查介词辨析。to朝;on后常接具体的某一天;in后常接年、季节、月等词;at后接具体时刻。空后“winter”为季节,应用介词in。故选C。
9.(2025·上海青浦·二模)In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle.
A.by B.for C.with D.outside
【答案】C
【详解】句意:城隍庙一带有一个湖,湖中央有一个亭子。
考查介词辨析。by在……旁边;for为了;with带有;outside在……之外。根据“there is a lake...a pavilion in its middle.”可知,空格后为定语修饰名词“lake”,表示“中央有一个亭子的湖”,应用with表伴随。故选C。
10.(2025·上海徐汇·二模)The concert will be held ________ the afternoon of May 1st, 2025.
A.on B.in C.at D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:音乐会将于2025年5月1日下午举行。
考查时间介词。on用在日期、星期、具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上等之前;in用在年份、月份等之前;at用在具体时刻、年龄等之前;for用在一段时间之前。题干中“the afternoon of May 1st, 2025”是具体某一天的下午,因此用on。故选A。
考点二 介词与其它词类搭配
要点1 介词和名词的搭配
① at+n. 表示状态
at peace 处于和平中 at ease 安心自在,不拘束 at drill 在操练
at random随意地,胡乱地 at work 在工作 at play 在玩耍
② by+n. 表示方式
by hand 手工的 by mistake 错误的 by chance/accident 偶然
by design 故意地 by turns 轮流地,交替地 by surprise 突然(冷不防,出其不意地)
③ in+n.表示方式
in shape 在外形上 in cash 用现金付的 in brief 简言之
in detail 详细地 in general 一般说来 in person 亲自 in tum 轮流,依次
in advance 事先提前 in vain 白费,徒劳
④ in+n 表示状态
in debt 负债 in order 整齐 in condition健康
in doubt 怀疑 in danger 处于危险中 in surprise惊奇地
in public 公开的 in shame 由于害羞 in comfort舒适地
⑤ of +n. 表示特征
of value 有价值 of importance重要 of use 有用
of help 有帮助 of interest有兴趣 of ability 有能力
⑥ on +n. 表示状态
on guard 值班,警戒 on show/display展览 on business 因公出差
on strike在罢工 on duty 值班 on leave/sick leave 在度假/休病假
⑦ out of +n 表示状态
out of sight 看不到 out of mind 发狂 out of danger脱离危险
out of trouble摆脱困难 out of office 在野,不执政 out of business 失业
out of fashion 不流行 out of order 出故障 out of debt 不欠债
out of control不受控制 out of question 毫无疑问 out of breath 气喘吁吁
out of condition 身体不佳 out of date 过时
⑧ under+n.表示被动
under discussion/treatment/control/attack/consideration在讨论中/治疗中/控制中/被攻击/在考虑中
⑨ with+n. 表示方式
with pleasure愉快地 with delight 高兴地 with fear 吓得
with satisfaction 满意地 with difficulty困难地 with ease 轻而易举地
要点2 介词和形容词的搭配
① adj. + about
be anxious about 为……而忧虑 be certain/sure about 对……有把握
be doubtful about 对……怀疑 be enthusiastic about 对……热情的/热心的
be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be incredulous about 对……不相信
② adj.+ at
be quick at 做……敏捷 be slow at 对……反应慢 be surprised at 对……吃惊
be bad at 不擅长 be terrified at 受到……恐吓 be shocked at ……震惊
③ adj. + from
be absent from 缺席 be free from 不受……影响
be safe from 安全 be different from 与……不同
④ adj. + for
be anxious for 渴望 be hungry for渴望 be eager for 渴望
be fit for 适合 be unfit for不适合 be thankful for 因……而感激
be famous for 因……而著名 be ready for为……作好准备 be responsible for 对……负责
⑤ adj. + in
be weak in不擅长…… be strict in 对……严格 be rich in 含有丰富的……
be dressed in 穿着…… be successful in 在……上成功 be absorbed in 专心于
be disappointed in 对……失望 be experienced in 对……有经验 be expert in 在……方面熟练
be fortunate in 有幸
⑥ adj. + of
be ashamed of 羞耻 be aware of 知道 be guilty of 有罪的
be proud of 骄傲 be short of 缺乏 be sick of 厌烦
be tired of 厌倦 be worthy of值得 be free of 免于
be shy of 对……感到害羞
⑦ adj. + to
be contrary to 与……相反 be determined to 决定…… be equal to 等于 be familiar to 对……所熟悉 be favourable to 对……有利 be harmful to 对……有害
be different to 不同于 be similar to 相似,相似 be polite to 对……有礼貌 be rude to 对……无礼 be determined to 决定… be equal to 等于
be familiar to对……所熟悉 be favourable to对……有利 be harmful to对……有害 be similar to 相似,相似 be polite to对……有礼貌 be suitable to 适合
be rude to对……无礼 be married to 与……结婚
⑧ adj. + with
be popular with 受……欢迎 be patient with 对……有耐心 be sick with 患病
be pleased with 对……喜欢 be crowded with 充满…… be content with 对……满足 be annoyed with 对……烦恼 be familiar with 精通,熟悉 be friendly with 与……友好 be nervous with 对……紧张 be satisfied with 对……满意
⑨ adj. + on
be dependant on 依靠 be keen on 热衷于…… be severe on对……严格/严厉
要点3 介词其它搭配
n.+prep. +n.
① n. +by+n.
side by side 肩并肩
step by step 一步一步地 one by one 一个接一个地
little by little一点一点地 day by day 一天一天地
② n. + after +n.
day after day日复一日地 year after year 复一年地
③ n. +in+n.
arm in arm 手挽手地 hand in hand手牵手地 heart in ones mouth 提心吊胆
④ n. + to + n.
day to day 日常的 heart to heart互相交心地 face to face 面对面地
back to back 背靠背地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
⑤ in +n. +of
in fear of 害怕 in charge of负责 in honor of 为纪念,为庆祝
in memory of 为纪念 in need/want/demand of需要 in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有 in search of 寻找 in case of 以防,万一
in control of 管理 in danger of处于……的危险中 in terms of就......而言
in respect of关于,涉及 in spite of尽管,虽然 in praise of表扬
1.(2025·上海崇明·一模)A recent survey showed 75% of those questioned were ________ favour of the plan.
A.on B.by C.with D.in
【答案】D
【详解】句意:最近的一项调查显示,75%的受访者赞成该计划。
考查介词辨析。on在……上面;by通过;with和;in在……里面。in favour of“支持”,固定短语。故选D。
2.(2025·上海嘉定·一模)To her ________, the lost wallet was returned with all the money still inside.
A.amazement B.amazed C.amazing D.amazingly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:令她惊讶的是,丢失的钱包被找回来了,里面的钱都还在。
考查介词短语。amazement惊讶,名词;amazed惊讶的,形容词;amazing令人惊讶的,形容词;amazingly令人惊讶地,副词。根据“To her...”可知,her后接名词,to one’s amazement“令某人感到惊讶的是”。故选A。
3.(2025·江西景德镇·三模)The family had a picnic in the park ________ having dinner at home last Sunday, since the weather was fine.
A.as for B.because of C.instead of D.thanks to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:上周日,这家人去公园野餐了,而不是在家吃饭,因为天气很好。
考查介词词组的辨析。as for至于;because of因为;instead of而不是;thanks to多亏了。根据“since the weather was fine”可知,此处强调野餐代替了在家吃饭。instead of符合语境。故选C。
4.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—It is reported that the fire was no longer burning and the situation was ________.
—Thanks to the firefighters and the volunteers, people there are safe now.
A.at risk B.under control C.by chance D.in danger
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——据报道,火不再燃烧了,局势得到了控制。——多亏了消防员和志愿者,那里的人们现在安全了。
考查介词短语。at risk处于危险中;under control处于控制之下;by chance偶然;in danger在危险中。根据“the fire was no longer burning”可知,火不再燃烧了,说明局势得到了控制,用under control最符合语境。故选B。
5.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—The new smart phone-boxes in Shanghai allow people to make calls without money.
—You mean we can call somebody ________?
A.by accident B.in danger C.for free D.with effort
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——上海的新智能电话亭允许人们不用花钱就能打电话。——你是说我们可以免费给某人打电话?
考查介词短语。by accident偶然;in danger处于危险之中;for free免费地;with effort努力地。根据“The new smart phone-boxes in Shanghai allow people to make calls without money.”可知,人们可以不用钱就能打电话,也就是可以免费给某人打电话,C项符合。故选C。
6.(2025·广东汕头·三模)Don’t be too strict with him. ________, he is only a little child.
A.Above all B.After all C.In all D.First of all
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不要对他太严格。毕竟,他只是个小孩子。
考查短语辨析。Above all首先;After all毕竟;In all总共;First of all首先。根据“he is only a little child”可知,此处用“毕竟” 解释不应严格要求的原因,After all符合语境。故选B。
7.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—Why did your mother sew (缝) your name on your school uniform?
—She did that so others wouldn’t take it ________.
A.in return B.by mistake C.on purpose D.for free
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你妈妈为什么把你的名字缝在你的校服上?——她这样做别人不会拿错了。
考查介词短语。in return作为回报;by mistake错误地;on purpose故意地;for free免费。根据“Why did your mother sew (缝) your name on your school uniform?”及“he did that so others wouldn’t take it ….”可知,给校服缝上名字是为了避免别人不小心拿错。故选B。
8.(2025·福建福州·三模)Lucy worked very hard. ________, she became the top student in her class.
A.Above all B.As a result C.As usual
【答案】B
【详解】句意:露西学习非常努力。结果,她成为了班里的尖子生。
考查介词短语辨析。Above all首先,尤其是;As a result结果;As usual像往常一样。根据语境可知,露西学习非常努力,所以结果是她成为了班里的尖子生,前后句之间存在因果关系,因此应该用As a result。故选B。
9.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Be careful! The box of eggs has “________” on it.
—OK, and thanks for reminding.
A.in control B.on duty C.with care D.at risk
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——小心!这盒鸡蛋上面写着“小心轻放”。——好的,谢谢提醒。
考查介词短语。in control控制中;on duty值班,当班;with care小心,注意;at risk处于危险中。根据“Be careful! The box of eggs”可知,此处是在提醒对方注意鸡蛋盒上的提示,with care符合语境,表示“小心轻放”。故选C。
10.(2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测)—The document is important for our project.
—I see. I will send it ________ to make sure it reaches safely.
A.by chance B.in person C.on purpose D.in detail
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这份文件对我们的项目很重要。——我明白了。我会亲自发送以确保它安全到达。
考查短语辨析。by chance偶然;in person亲自;on purpose故意;in detail详细。根据“to make sure it reaches safely”可知,说话者强调“亲自”发送以确保安全,强调主动性而非偶然或故意。故选B。
考点三 动词短语中的介词
1.动词+ away构成的短语动词有:
throw away扔掉 put away把……收拾好 give away捐赠,分发
carry away运走 run away 潜逃,跑开 go away 走开
2.动词+ for构成的短语动词有:
answer for负责 provide for供给 all for要求
plan for打算,为……计划hope for希望,期待 ask for索取,寻找
send for派人去请 go for努力获取 pay for偿还,赔偿
3.动词+on构成的短语动词有:
try on试穿,试验 put on穿上,上演 have on穿着,戴着
pull on穿,戴 hold on不挂断,坚持,继续 carry on继续开展,坚持
keep on继续 go on继续 get on上(车)
4.动词+over构成的短语动词有:
come over过来 hand over移交 go over仔细检查,复习
get over克服,恢复 look over检查 think over仔细考虑
take over接受,接管 hand over 移交 turn over翻转
5.动词+ up构成的短语动词有:
bring up抚育,培养 call up召唤,打电话给 come up走上前来,长出
cut up切碎 fix up修理 give up放弃;go up 上升,增长
grow up 长大 look up尊敬,向上看,查寻 make up虚构,弥补,组成
put up举起,搭建 set up建立,创(纪录) pick up 捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到
send up发射 show up 揭露,露面 turn up出现,把……调高一点
6.动词+out构成的短语动词有:
come out出来 go out出去,熄灭 look out留神,当心
walk out走出 set out出发,开始 put out扑灭,生产
give out发出,发表 hand out分发 pick out挑选
find out找出,发现 speak out大声地说 turn out生产,结果是
get out出去,离开 carry out实行,执行 work out计算出,解决,实行,行得通
bring out出版 start out 出发,动身。
【易错提醒】
【01】考生容易死记硬背短语搭配,例如遇到 stand只想到自己最熟悉的短语,但有的动词可以搭配较多介词,分别引用有不同的语境,需要瞻前顾后,分析句子结构,理清句意才能得出正确答案。
【02】介词或介词短语的意思随着语境的变化会有灵活的变化,且不可生搬硬套,应当熟练掌握介词的基本意思,再根据不同的语境做出正确的判断。
1.(2025·上海虹口·三模)The success of the project depends ______ the effort of every member.
A.on B.for C.with D.of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:项目的成功取决于每个成员的努力。
考查介词。on在……上;for为了;with和;of属于……的。depend on“取决于、依靠”,固定短语。故选A。
2.(2025·上海·模拟预测)It’s raining heavily. ________ your raincoat then.
A.Put away B.Put on C.Take off D.Take away
【答案】B
【详解】句意:雨下得很大。那就穿上雨衣。
考查动词短语。Put away收起;Put on穿上;Take off脱下;Take away带走。根据“It’s raining heavily.”可知,此处指穿上雨衣。故选B。
3.(2025·上海·模拟预测)Our teachers are getting on well ________ us. We all like them.
A.with B.for C.in D.about
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们的老师和我们相处得很好。我们都喜欢他们。
考查介词辨析。with和;for为了;in在……里;about关于。get on well with sb.“和某人相处得好”,固定短语。故选A。
4.(2024·上海·模拟预测)I want to __________ a debate club to improve my critical thinking.
A.join B.enter for C.take part in D.join in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我想加入一个辩论俱乐部来提高我的批判性思维。
考查动词和动词短语。join参加,指加入某个组织、团体或成为其中一员;enter for参加,通常表示报名参加比赛、考试等;take part in参加,强调参与活动;join in参加,指参与正在进行的活动。根据“a debate club”可知,此处是加入了辩论俱乐部,应用join。故选A。
5.(2024·上海·模拟预测)They had escaped to America shortly before war __________ in 1939.
A.broke B.broke out C.broke down D.broke into
【答案】B
【详解】句意:1939年战争爆发前不久,他们逃到了美国。
考查动词短语。broke打碎;broke out爆发;broke down出故障;broke into闯入。根据“war”可知,此处指战争爆发。故选B。
6.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)—Miss Young ______ swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years.
—That’s why she swims so freely.
A.turned on B.took up C.dropped by D.gave up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——杨小姐在4岁时开始游泳,并且她已经游泳16年了。——这就是为什么她游得如此自如。
考查动词短语辨析。turned on打开;took up开始从事;dropped by顺便拜访;gave up放弃。根据“swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years.”可知是在4岁开始游泳,took up符合语境。故选B。
7.(2025·安徽黄山·二模)—We are going on a hiking trip next week. What should we ________ first?
—Check the weather report. It helps us dress properly.
A.take up B.give up C.look up D.clear up
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们下周要去徒步旅行。我们首先应该查看什么?——查看天气预报。它帮助我们穿着得体。
考查动词短语辨析。take up开始从事;give up放弃;look up查找;clear up清理”或“放晴”。根据答语“Check the weather report.”可知,此处表示“查找”信息。故选C。
8.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)—Aunt Mary never ________ things to be done today until tomorrow.
—Yeah! She is very good at planning and can always manage her time perfectly.
A.gives up B.checks out C.puts off D.hands in
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——玛丽阿姨从不把今天要做的事推迟到明天。——是的!她很擅长规划,总能完美地管理自己的时间。
考查动词短语辨析。gives up放弃;checks out结账,检查;puts off推迟;hands in提交。根据“things to be done today until tomorrow”可知,此处指“把今天的事推迟到明天”,用put off。故选C。
9.(2025·安徽黄山·一模)Whenever I ________ the West Lake, I always stop to enjoy its beauty.
A.start with B.pass by C.set up D.clear out
【答案】B
【详解】句意:每当我经过西湖时,我总是停下来欣赏它的美丽。
考查动词短语辨析。start with以……开始;pass by经过;set up建立;clear out清除。根据“...the West Lake, I always stop to enjoy its beauty”可知,空处需要表示“经过”的含义,其他选项不符合语境,故选B。
10.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)—My grandpa often tells me stories about Chinese astronauts. He says we should all _________ them because they devote (奉献) themselves to our country’s space dream.
—You’re right! They’re real heroes.
A.look up to B.look forward to C.take care of D.be known for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我爷爷经常给我讲中国宇航员的故事。他说我们都应该尊敬他们,因为他们为国家的太空梦奉献了自己。——你说得对!他们是真正的英雄。
考查动词短语。look up to尊敬;look forward to期待;take care of照顾;be known for以……而闻名。根据“because they devote (奉献) themselves to our country’s space dream.”可知,宇航员为国家的太空梦奉献了自己,应受到尊敬。故选A。
11.(2025·云南玉溪·三模)Many Chinese people usually _______ some paper cuttings on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck.
A.put up B.give up C.take up D.stay up
【答案】A
【详解】句意:许多中国人通常在窗户、门和墙上贴一些剪纸,作为祝福好运的象征。
考查动词短语。put up张贴;give up放弃;take up占据;stay up熬夜。根据“some paper cuttings on windows,”可知,此处指张贴剪纸,故选A。
12.(2025·云南昆明·三模)—What a day! I’m so tired but I can’t sleep!
—Why not ________ and enjoy a good movie?
A.sit back B.look back C.call back D.bring back
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——真是糟糕的一天!我太累了但是我睡不着!——为什么不坐下来看一部好电影呢?
考查动词短语辨析。sit back坐下来;look back回顾;call back回电话;bring back带回来。根据“I’m so tired but I can’t sleep!”以及“and enjoy a good movie”可知,针对太累且睡不着的情况,对方建议坐下来看一部好电影放松放松。故选A。
13.(2025·广东汕头·二模)When you have to stay outside for a night, you’d better________ a tent to keep you safer.
A.set out B.set off C.set up D.set down
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当你必须在外面过夜时,最好搭个帐篷以保证安全。
考查动词短语辨析。set out出发;set off出发,引爆;set up建立,搭建;set down放下。根据“a tent”可知,此处表示“搭帐篷”,应使用“set up”。故选C。
14.(2025·广东汕头·三模)At the party, Jim sat in a corner by himself. He thought he was ________.
A.called in B.ran after C.let down D.left out
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在派对上,吉姆独自坐在角落。他觉得自己被冷落了。
考查短语辨析。called in叫来;ran after追赶;let down使失望;left out被忽视/冷落。根据“sat in a corner by himself”可知,吉姆独自坐在角落,这种情境下他感觉自己被冷落,left out符合语境。故选D。
15.(2025·江苏徐州·三模)Local people in Xuzhou like to ________ tents in parks to enjoy the pleasant weather and feel the spring breath.
A.clean up B.put up C.look up D.give up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:徐州当地人喜欢在公园里搭帐篷,享受宜人的天气,感受春天的气息。
考查动词短语。clean up清理;put up搭建、张贴;look up查阅、抬头看;give up放弃。根据“tents in parks”可知,此处表示“搭建帐篷”,应用put up。故选B。
【真题链接】
1.(2023·上海·中考真题)The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists.
A.for B.with C.of D.about
【答案】C
【详解】句意:研究小组由三代科学家组成。
考查介词辨析。for为了;with和;of……的;about关于。consist of“由……组成”,固定短语。故选C。
2.(2021·上海·中考真题)Many medical workers are busy ________ their work during lunch time.
A.to B.of C.from D.with
【答案】D
【详解】句意:许多医疗工作者在午饭期间忙于工作。
考查介词。to向;of……的;from来自;with和……一起。be busy with sth忙于某事,故选D。
3.(2020·上海·中考真题)The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years.
A.by B.for C.on D.though
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个古镇已经对游客开放了大约十年。
考查介词的用法。by被;for为了;on在上面;though虽然。根据has been可知是现在完成时,for接时间段,10年是个时间段。故选B。
【点睛】
4.(2016·上海·中考真题)When James arrived at the railway station, he tried to look ____ a place to park his car.
A.after B.at C.up D.for
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当James来到火车站的时候,他尽力寻找一个地方来停车。
考查介词辨析。该空与look组成搭配,look after照顾;look at看……;look up查找;look for寻找。根据句意可知,这里表示“找地方停车”,故选D。
5.(2019·上海·中考真题)Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool.
A.at B.by C.over D.under
【答案】D
【详解】句意:弗兰克在水下屏住呼吸,在游泳池里寻找他的戒指。
A. at在……;B. by通过……;C. over在……上方;D. under在……下面。根据下文to search for his ring in the swimming pool.可知这里是说在水下。根据题意,故选D。
6.(2018·上海·中考真题)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:凯伦和莉莉将在7月份前往俄罗斯观看2018年世界杯。A. on作为时间介词,常与“日期”、“星期几”搭配;B. in作为时间介词,常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配,如在某年某月的前面;C. at常与“钟点时刻”搭配;D. of 关于,属于,…的。故答案为B。
点睛:时间介词at,on,in的用法:at放在几点钟前,指具体的某一时刻。例如:at one o’clock在1点钟。on作为时间介词,常与“日期”,“星期几”搭配,用于具体的某一天前或者上午、下午、晚上有修饰词时,例如:on Thursday,on a cold afternoon在一个寒冷的下午。in用于年、月、季节等的前面,常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配。例如:in 2017,in May,in winter。
7.(2016·上海·中考真题)The local community center is open_____________ Monday to Saturday.
A.in B.from C.for D.on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当地社区中心从星期一到星期六开放。考查固定短语和介词辨析。from…to…(表时间、地点)从……到……。根据句意,可知选B。
8.(2017·上海·中考真题)(2017 • 上海中考)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City ______________ the airport.
A.at B.under C.on D.with
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析:句意:Shirley仍然在机场等待飞往纽约的航班。四个选项都是介词。
A. at(表示位置)在……;B. under在……下面;C. on在……上面D. with和……一起。at the airport在飞机场,是固定搭配。故选A。
考点:考查介词辨析。
9.(2014·上海·中考真题)Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates.
A.to B.in C.at D.with
【答案】D
【详解】句意:应该鼓励学生们和他们的同学们分享他们的学习经验。to到,向; in在……里面; at在时间空间的一点;With带有,伴随,用某种工具。故选D。
10.(2012·上海·中考真题)You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right.
A.for B.from C.with D.about
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你真的不需要担心你的体重,你看起来刚好。本题考查固定搭配,考查学生识记能力,worry about,答案选D。
11.(2015·上海·中考真题) I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain.
A.in B.of C.on D.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁边的那张照片。A. in 在……里;B. of ……的,表示所属关系;C.on 在……上;D. at在……。根据句意可知是所属关系,故选B。
12.(2014·上海·中考真题)More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground.
A.in B.with C.by D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:越来越多的上海人选择乘地铁去上班。in在里面,用某种语言;with 带有,伴随,用某种工具;by到……为止,乘坐某种交通工具;For为了,对于。故选C。
13.(2013·上海·中考真题)Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October!
A.in B.on C.at D.to
【答案】A
【详解】在表示时间时,in表示在一个时间范围或者接一段时间,表示在多久之后;on表示在具体的某一天;at表示在具体几点钟;to表示差几分到几点。根据下文October!在十月,可知是表示一个时间范围,故用介词in,选A。
14.(2020·上海·中考真题)Mr. Smith always encourages his students to be active________class.
A.in B.by C.with D.from
【答案】A
【详解】句意:史密斯先生总是鼓励他的学生在课堂上积极主动。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面;by……被;with带有……;from来自……;根据语境可知此处指在课堂上,英语的表达为in class;故选A。
【名校 最新试题】
1.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)The whole building is empty at weekends ________ some security guards.
A.beside B.besides C.except D.except for
【答案】D
【详解】句意:整个大楼在周末是空的,除了一些保安。
考查介词辨析。beside在旁边;besides除了……还有;except除了;except for除了。根据“The whole building is empty at weekends…some security guards.”可知,句子中“大楼空”是整体描述,“保安”是例外因素,两者不同类,因此用except for更准确。故选D。
2.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)The train was great, just like a hotel ________ wheels.
A.by B.with C.of D.on
【答案】D
【详解】句意:火车很棒,就像一个带轮子的酒店。
考查介词辨析。by通过;with带有;of的;on在……上。“on wheels”是固定短语,表示“带轮子的”或“可移动的”,符合语境。故选D。
3.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)—Jack? Jack! What’s the matter with you?
—Mom, I am now suffering from an injury ________ the knee. I fell off my bike when cycling in the garden.
A.on B.to C.at D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——杰克?杰克!你怎么了?——妈妈,我的膝盖受伤了。我在花园里骑车的时候从自行车上摔下来了。
考查介词辨析。on在……上面;to对于、向;at在;of……的。根据“an injury…the knee”可知,这里表示“膝盖处的伤”,to符合语境。故选B。
4.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)Washing your hands with soap and running water will help you keep ________ the viruses.
A.in B.with C.off D.from
【答案】C
【详解】句意:用肥皂和流动的水洗手能帮助你远离病毒。
考查介词短语搭配。in在……里;with和……一起;off 离开;from从……。根据“keep…the viruses”可知,这里是keep off,意为“远离”,off符合语境。故选C。
5.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)They are going to Los Angeles, the USA ________ this Sunday.
A.in B.at C.on D./
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他们这周日要去美国洛杉矶。
考查介词辨析。in用于年、月、季节等较长时间前;at用于具体钟点前;on用于具体某一天或特定日期前;/不填。根据“this Sunday”可知,当时间词前有this、that、next、last等修饰时,通常省略介词。故选D。
6.(25-26九年级上·上海普陀·期中)Our teacher asked us to remove the posters ________ the wall before the exam.
A.for B.from C.with D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们的老师要求我们在考试前从墙上移除海报。
考查介词辨析和动词短语。for对于,为了;from从;with和;of属于……的。根据“remove the posters…the wall”可知,此处考查:remove…from…“从……移除……”,固定搭配,指的是从墙上移除海报。故选B。
7.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)Mom and I always visit my grandparents ________ Saturday mornings to have lunch together.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我和妈妈总是在周六早上去看望祖父母一起吃午餐。
考查介词辨析。in用于大致时间 (如月份、年份、季节);at用于具体时刻 (如几点钟);on用于具体日子 (如某天或某天的早晨、下午、晚上);for表示“持续……时间”。空格后“Saturday mornings”指每周六的早晨,应用介词“on”。故选C。
8.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习)The mother removed her hand ________ her daughter’s shoulder.
A.in B.from C.on D.to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:母亲把她的手从女儿的肩膀上移开了。
考查介词辨析。in 在……里;from 从……;on 在……上;to 到……。根据“The mother removed her hand...her daughter’s shoulder.”可知,remove...from...是常用搭配,意为“从……移开……”,符合语境。故选B。
9.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习)A student ________ average intelligence can become a top student through work.
A.in B.on C.of D.about
【答案】C
【详解】句意:一个智力一般的学生可以通过努力成为尖子生。
考查介词辨析。in在……里;on在……上;of具有……的;about关于。a student of average intelligence“具有平均智力水平的学生”。故选C。
10.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习)All the boys went swimming that afternoon ________ Bob because he had a cold.
A.except B.including C.besides D.except that
【答案】A
【详解】句意:那天下午所有男孩都去游泳了,除了鲍勃,因为他感冒了。
考查介词辨析。except 除……之外(不包含同类个体);including包含……在内;besides除……之外(还包含);except that 除……之外(不包含不同范畴事物),后跟句子。根据“All the boys went swimming”和“because he had a cold”可知,鲍勃是从 “去游泳的男孩群体” 中被排除的同类个体,需用表示 “除……之外(不包含同类个体)” 的介词。故选A。
【创新 拔高题】(适合参考高中名校自招及学霸)
1. The answer ______ this question is not clear.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意:这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/ answer to…..这是固定搭配,“……的答案是……”。故填 to。
2. _____most book clubs, the Silent Book Club’s Minneapolis chapter doesn’t require members to read a specific book.
【答案】 Unlike
【解析】考查介词。句意:与大多数读书俱乐部不同,无声读书俱乐部的明尼阿波利斯分会不要求会员读某一本书。根据句意可知,此处应用介词表示“与……不同”,介词unlike符合语境,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Unlike。
3.We were arguing what gift we should send to our teacher when Tom came up a good idea.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意:我们正在争论送老师什么礼物,突然汤姆想出了一个好主意。come up with意为“想出(主意)”是固定短语。故填with。
4. ______ the variety, most versions have a few things in common. The basic ingredients are flour, baking powder or soda, and salt …..
【答案】Despite
考查介词。句意:“你妈妈或你阿姨做的油炸面包永远不可能是世界上其他人做的。” 尽管种类繁多,但大多数版本都有一些共同点。…… 空后为名词the variety,结合“most versions have a few things in common”可知,此处含让步关系,空处应用意为“尽管”的介词despite,句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Despite。
5. ______ ______ bringing up unnecessary anxiety, the research assumes that peeling can effectively wipe out nearly all pesticide left.
【答案】Rather than/ Instead of
【解析】考查短语。句意:这项研究并没有引起不必要的焦虑,而是假设去皮可以有效去除几乎所有残留的农药。根据语境可知,此处表示 “而不是,并非”,可用 “Rather than/ Instead of”,故填 “Rather than/ Instead of”。
6. I hold the firm belief that I am equal the job as a volunteer for the fair.
【答案】to
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我坚信我能胜任招聘会志愿者的工作。根据“I am equal”和“the job”可推知,此处用固定短语be equal to,意为“胜任某事,能应付难题(任务等)”,空处应用介词to构成该短语。故填to。
7.He took it granted that he would be given the job as a managing director.
【答案】for
【详解】考查介词。句意:他理所当然地认为自己会得到总经理这份工作。分析句子可知,此空考查take it for granted,是固定短语,意为“认为……是理所当然的”。故填for。
8.The serious disease not only led to his disability but also left him heavy debt.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词的固定搭配。句意:这场严重的疾病不仅导致了他的残疾,还使他负债累累。“in debt” 是一个常用的固定短语,意思是 “负债;欠债”;“left him in heavy debt” 意思就是 “使他负债累累”,符合语境。故填in。
9.On behalf our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.
【答案】of
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我代表我们学校,想对你们的到访表示诚挚的欢迎。固定短语on behalf of的用法,意为“代表……”。故填of。
10. Anyone, _______age or gender, can try it. This makes it widely appealing in China.
【答案】regardless of
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:任何人,无论年龄和性别,都可以尝试。根据语境,这里表示“无论”年龄和性别,用介词短语regardless of。故填regardless of。
11.They are composed several parts, each one with a specific function.
【答案】of
【详解】考查介词。句意:它们由几个部分组成,每个部分都有特定的功能。根据空前are composed可知,空处应用介词of,构成固定短语be composed of...,意为“由……组成”。故填of。
12.Many brave people spare great efforts to climb Mount Everest the risk of losing their lives.
【答案】at/despite
【详解】考查介词。句意:许多勇敢的人冒着失去生命的危险去攀登珠穆朗玛峰。/许多勇敢的人不顾生命危险,不畏艰险地攀登珠穆朗玛峰。设空处使用介词与后文的名词the risk构成介词短语,表示“冒着……危险”用at the risk of;表示“尽管”用despite。故填at/despite。
13.Graduating from college doesn’t mean you have to lose touch your former classmates.
【答案】with
【详解】考查介词。句意:大学毕业并不意味着你必须与以前的同学失去联系。lose touch with“与……失去联系”是固定搭配。故填with。
14.Focus on your study, and don’t make yourself get distracted the surroundings.
【答案】by
【详解】考查介词。句意:专心学习,不要让周围的事物分散你的注意力。短语get distracted by表示“被……所分心”,故填by。
15.When humans engage small talk, it actually provides a feeling of happiness. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意:当人类进行闲聊时,它实际上提供了一种幸福感。engage in...意为“从事……,参与……”,为固定搭配。故填in。
16.Shopping on the Internet enables people not to search goods from one store to another.
【答案】for
【详解】考查介词。句意:网上购物使人们不必从一家商店到另一家商店寻找商品。search for“搜索,查找”,固定短语,故填for。
17.Only by competing each other can we make great progress in our study.
【答案】with/against
【详解】考查介词。句意:只有通过相互竞争,我们才能在学习上取得很大的进步。本句考查固定短语compete with/against sb.“和某人竞争”,所以本空用介词with或against,符合题意。故填with/against。
18.When Michael Janes took the project, things changed completely.
【答案】over
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:迈克尔·琼斯接手这个项目后,情况完全改变了。分析句子结构可知,空处填介词over,构成固定短语take over意为“接管”,符合句意。故填over。
19.Would you please drop in the post office on your way home and send off this book for me?
【答案】at
【详解】考查介词。句意:你回家的时候顺便去趟邮局,替我寄这本书好吗?短语drop in at表示“顺便去,顺便拜访”。故填at。
20.The apples on the tree are the reach of the boy, so he had to ask his brother for help.
【答案】beyond
【详解】考查介词。句意:树上的苹果超出了那个男孩能够到的范围,所以他不得不向他哥哥求助。根据“so he had to ask his brother for help”可知,男孩自己够不到苹果,“beyond the reach of”是固定表达,意为“超出……能够到的范围”,符合语境。故填beyond。
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