必修第一册 UNIT 3 Family matters（课后提能案）-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学用word（外研版）

UNIT 3　Family matters Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Jane Jacobs对成功城市社区的独特见解。她认为加强人们之间的互动对成功的城市社区很重要；另外，城市应让居民自主发展，当地居民应决定城市的发展模式。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair， whereby people are able to interact with one another可知，在Jane Jacobs看来，人们之间的互动是城市生活的核心，对于成功的城市社区是非常重要的。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The best judges of how a city should be — and how it should develop — are the local residents themselves.可知，Jane Jacobs认为，关于城市应该如何发展，最佳的评判者是当地居民。 3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks， which allow people to meet， talk， and get to know one another.可知，Jane Jacobs认为，人行道应该交叉并紧密相连，这样能让人们相遇、交谈和互相了解。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They are also safe places to be， because the higher density means that there are more “eyes on the street”可知，“eyes on the street”指街上有更多的行人和目光，这会带来安全感。 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了生活故事在个人身份认同和情感发展中的作用，以及家庭讲故事对亲子关系的重要性。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us可知，第一段作者问了三个问题是为了引出“生活故事是我们了解自己和周围世界的主要工具之一”这一论点。 6.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词上文Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school ... children to become closer through warmth， understanding and support.可推理出，画线词的含义为“重视”，与attached importance to意思相近。 7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，通过讲述生活故事，我们可以建立起对自己的复杂而稳定的看法。通过讲述多年来保持的传统，我们可以将过去的成功和失败、我们的关系以及对我们有意义的活动联系起来，从而发展出我们的新身份。这些身份反映了我们作为家庭成员、社区成员、同事等的角色，从而帮助我们更全面地看待自己。 8.D　推理判断题。文章主要探讨了生活故事在个人身份认同和情感发展中的作用，以及家庭讲故事对亲子关系的重要性。由此可知，本文取自探讨讲故事的价值和重要性的文章。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过引用唐代诗人李绅的《悯农》（二）一诗，展示了农民劳作的艰辛，进而引发了对食物浪费问题的深刻讨论。 9.written　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shows，所以write应用非谓语形式，在句中作后置定语，修饰The Peasants（Ⅱ），根据空后的by和句意可知，动词write和The Peasants （Ⅱ）之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填written。 10.us　考查代词。句意：唐代诗人李绅所写的《悯农》（二），向我们展示了农民的艰苦生活。空前是动词，所以空处应用宾格形式作宾语，故填us。 11.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是scene，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 12.hanging　考查非谓语动词。句意：前两行描述了一个常见的场景：正午，太阳高悬在天空中，农民在他们的土地上劳作，汗水淋漓。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以设空处应用非谓语形式，hang和逻辑主语the sun之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填hanging。 13.directly　考查词形转换。句意：在最后两行诗中，诗人直接指出，我们吃的米饭是农民们辛勤劳动的成果。设空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词作状语。故填directly。 14.of　考查介词。句意：虽然这首诗的语言很简单，但它的主题却很深刻，提醒人们珍惜食物的重要性。remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事。故填of。 15.the　考查冠词。句意：据联合国粮农组织估计，全球每年有13亿吨食物被浪费，占人类消费食物总量的三分之一。此处特指食物总量。故填the。 16.（should） be valued　考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：因此，强烈建议珍惜每一粒米。本句是suggest引导的宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，又主语rice和value之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以用（should） be valued结构，其中should可省略。故填（should） be valued。 17.to offer　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词have adopted，所以设空处应用非谓语动词，根据句意，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to offer。 18.but　考查连词。句意：在中国，我们已经通过了一项关于食物浪费的法律，为国家在保障粮食安全的同时促进节俭的传统美德的努力提供法律支持。not only ...but （also） ...意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 3　Family matters Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·八省联考）Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a distinct vision of the city — in particular focusing on what makes a successful urban community.At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair， whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense （稠密） and exciting urban environments.She prefers disorder to order， walking to driving， and diversity to uniformity. 　　For Jacobs， urban communities are organic beings that should be left to grow and change by themselves and not be subject to the grand plans of so-called experts and officials.The best judges of how a city should be — and how it should develop — are the local residents themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions， because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions. 　　Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial to the life of an urban community， especially the sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks， which allow people to meet， talk， and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better. 　　Diversity and mixed-use of space are also， for Jacobs， key elements of this urban form.The commercial， business， and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side， to allow for greater integration of people.There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings， and people’s interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused. 　　Finally， urban communities grow better in places where a critical mass of people live， work， and interact.Such high-density spaces are， she feels， engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe places to be， because the higher density means that there are more “eyes on the street”： shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood. 1.What does Jacobs find most important for a successful urban community？ （　　） A.Efficient public transport. B.Strong interaction between people. C.Uniform style of buildings. D.A comparatively large population. 2.Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on urban development？ （　　） A.Local residents. B.Government officials. C.City planners. D.Construction workers. 3.How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built？ （　　） A.Lined with plants. B.Painted with clear signs. C.Tightly connected. D.Convenient for the old. 4.According to Jacobs， the “eyes on the street” bring a sense of 　　　.（　　） A.pride　　　　　　　B.comfort C.security　　　　　　　D.urgency B 　　（2025·池州二模）How do we come to make sense of our daily lives？ How can we gain a strong grasp of who we really are and how we fit in the world？ And how can we naturally connect to important ones in our lives？ “Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us，” says Robyn Fivush， a professor at Emory University. 　　Humans are natural storytellers.We use stories to understand our present， draw insights from our past， and anticipate the future.Thus， storytelling is basic to our lives.As a form of rich engagement between family members， family storytelling should be valued more.Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school， or walking through an event that left a young child crying — these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth， understanding and support.Fivush and her colleagues have underscored the value of storytelling in parenting.The ways parents support children’s emotions and help them retell more vivid， richly detailed stories have lasting impacts on children’s cognitive （认知的） and emotional development. 　　Children and teenagers learn how to talk about their lives from family stories.An early example is learning how to present a detailed story with a beginning， a middle， and an end — to give it a clear structure.Further， they learn what is appropriate to talk about or avoid and what feelings are appropriate to share over dinner or out with others. 　　When growing up， we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves.Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years， we make connections between past successes and failures， our relationships， and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities.These identities reflect our roles as family members， community members， co-workers and so on， thus helping us have a more complete view of ourselves. 　　Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us， life stories are filled with meaning， insight， and value.By the way， what’s the story that stands out to you from a recent meal or chat？ 5.Why does the writer ask three questions in the beginning？（　　） A.To explain a general idea. B.To give background information. C.To introduce an argument. D.To report the finding of a study. 6.What does the underlined word “underscored” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Cast doubt on. B.Attached importance to. C.Shown concern for. D.Thought poorly of. 7.How can life stories help form a complete view of ourselves according to the writer？（　　） A.By maintaining social ties. B.By rebuilding our identities. C.By connecting our past and future. D.By learning from family members. 8.Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　） A.A review on a storybook. B.An advice letter for social life. C.A guidebook to parenting. D.An essay on the value of storytelling. Ⅱ.语法填空 　　（2025·韶关二模） The Peasants （Ⅱ） At noon they hoe up weeds； Their sweat drips on the soil.　　　Who knows the rice that feeds Is the fruit of hard toil！ 　　Food is a necessity for survival.But do you know how much work goes into producing it？ The poem The Peasants（Ⅱ）， 9.　　　　　　 （write） by Li Shen， a Tang Dynasty poet， shows 10.　　　　　　 （we） the hardship of the peasants. 　　The first two lines describe a common scene 11.　　　　　　 peasants are working their lands at noon with the sun 12.　　　　　　 （hang） high in the sky， sweat dripping.In the last two lines， the poet 13.　　　　　　 （direct） points out that the rice we eat is the fruit of peasants’ hard work. 　　Simple as the poem is in its language， it is profound in the theme， reminding people 14.　　　　　　 the significance of treasuring food.According to the FAO， an estimated 1.3 billion tons of food， or one-third of 15.　　　　　　 total food produced for human consumption， is wasted globally each year.Therefore， it’s highly suggested that every grain of rice 16.　　　　　　 （value）.In China， we have adopted a law on food waste 17.　　　　　　 （offer） legal backing to the country’s efforts which not only safeguard food security 18.　　　　　　 promote the traditional virtue of thrift （节俭） as well. 　　Next time you want to throw away food， please think twice. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $