专题01 谓语动词（时态、被动语态、主谓一致）（专项专练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 专题01 谓语动词（时态、被动语态、主谓一致） 目录 1 3 3 考点一 一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时 3 考点二 一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时 4 考点三 一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时 6 考点四 过去将来时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时 7 考点五 各种时态的被动语态 9 考点六 主谓一致 10 11 短文填空（一） 11 短文填空（二） 11 短文填空（三） 12 短文填空（四） 12 1. The new intern is required to submit the report to the supervisor as soon as he ______ (arrive) here. 2. Could you hold on a minute? I ______ (not take) long. 3. Ms. Zhang mentions that she ______ (work) in this institute since 2015. 4. We were informed that a new policy ______ (introduce) to benefit small businesses soon. 5. She wondered when they ______ (depart) for the overseas conference. 6. He ______ (lie) on the sofa until his mom called him for dinner yesterday evening. 7. The teacher ______ (be) quite surprised when she saw what the students ______ (do) in the lab. 8. There are crowds of people outside the cinema. What do you suppose ______ (occur)? 9. — What’s the latest news? — I have no idea. I ______ (not check) it yet. 10. They ______ (get) to the company this afternoon and discovered that someone ______ (tamper) with the office equipment during the night. 12. When I ______ (arrive) at the airport, the plane ______ (take off) and I ______ (have) to wait for the next flight. While I ______ (wait), I ______ (read) a magazine. 考点一 一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时 1. In the past three years, Li ______ (explore) the applications of AI in five different industries. 2. The number of new energy vehicle charging stations hit 5 million in 2024 and ______ (stay) on the rise ever since. 3. I ______ (read) half of the English novel, and I plan to share my thoughts online this week. 4. You’d better write down her phone number before you ______ (forget) it. 5. If we ______ (not, act) now to protect the environment, future generations will bear the consequences. 6. The new musical ______ (open) at the Grand Theatre on 28th November and then travels to major cities nationwide. 7. Come on! Your parents ______ (wait) for you at the school gate. 8. — Have you heard about the international sports event? Of course, it ______ (be) the hottest topic on social media for the past week. 9. “Learning is like climbing a mountain,” Teacher Wang often says, “because every effort ______ (count).” 10. “The new product launch ______ (come) soon,” the CEO said, looking excited and prepared. 考点二 一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Last year, one of the most innovative tech startups we invested in ______ (be) Focus AI, which later became a unicorn. 2. After he ______ (spend) three months in Chengdu, he fell in love with Sichuan opera and decided to learn it. 3. The release of the new best-selling book, which ______ (receive) widespread attention and positive feedback, boosted the author's reputation. 4. By the end of the 1st century AD, tea ______ (become) one of the key commodities traded along the Ancient Tea Horse Road. 5. When I was a teenager, I dreamed of being a travel vlogger. I ______ (plan) to visit 50 countries before turning 30. 6. — Did you have trouble assembling the new furniture? — Not at all. The manual ______ (give) us step-by-step instructions, so we finished it quickly. 7. Organizing the online conference was more challenging than we ______ (anticipate) because of unexpected technical issues. 8. I’m inquiring about the apartment you ______ (post) ads for yesterday. Could you tell me its size? 9. I ______ (intend) to drop by your office yesterday, but an urgent meeting came up and I had to cancel. 10. Tom ______ (watch) a documentary about space exploration at 8 p.m. last night when the power suddenly went out. 11. I thought I wouldn’t enjoy the documentary, but actually it ______ (be) quite informative and interesting. 12. He was sad when he sold his vintage camera. After all, he ______ (own) it for over a decade. 13. — Did you consult a financial advisor? — I ______ (not, need) to — I handled my investments by myself successfully. 14. The CEO is reported to have returned from Tokyo where he ______ (meet) several potential Japanese clients. 15. We got to the company this morning and found that someone ______ (break) into the storage room overnight. 16. — That cross-country trip must have been tiring. — Yeah, it ______ (take) us five days to drive from Shanghai to Lhasa. 17. Scientists now have more evidence about how the first life forms ______ (come) into existence on Earth. 18. I was on a business trip then, so I don’t know exactly how the accident ______ (happen). 19. — What do you think of the new drama series? — It’s amazing. The only regret is that I ______ (miss) the first two episodes. 20. Lisa was given the same necklace her mother and grandmother ______ (wear) on their wedding days. 考点三 一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. — Mr. Li is not available now. Okay. — I ______ (call) him in half an hour. 2. — Do you think our team ______ (win) the championship this year? — Sure. We’ve been training really hard. 3. I can’t wait for the concert! At 8 p.m. this Saturday, I ______ (enjoy) the performance of my favorite singer. 4. — I know Anna is preparing for her art exhibition. — Yes. By the end of next month, she ______ (finish) all the artworks. 5. — The new subway line is under construction. — Right. It ______ (open) to the public by the end of this year. 6. Don’t worry about the project. We ______ (complete) it before the deadline. 7. This time tomorrow, we ______ (hike) in the mountains and enjoying the scenery. 8. — Jack is saving money for a new laptop. — I see. By next semester, he ______ (save) enough to buy it. 考点四 过去将来时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. —Lisa, why are you so tired? — I ______ (edit) videos for the last three hours. I need a break. 2. The athlete has a strong passion for running and ______ (take) professional training sessions three times a week over the past two years. 3. The coach ______ (instruct) the team how to improve their strategy since this morning. 4. When Tom woke up, he didn’t know how long he ______ (sleep) there. 5. — We’ve eaten too much dessert recently. — Well, it’s understandable. Our neighbors ______ (bring) over homemade cakes all the time. 6. Sorry to bother you, Mr. Wang, a journalist from China Daily ______ (call) all day. Could you talk to him now? 7. — I feel really exhausted. — No surprise. You ______ (work) on this project for too long without rest. 8. When the team arrived at the camp, they found that the guide ______ (wait) for them for an hour. 9. Jenny told me she ______ (start) a new job the following month. 10. The scientist ______ (conduct) experiments in the lab since yesterday morning. Let’s not disturb him. 考点五 各种时态的被动语态 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. More measures ______ (take) in the coming year to improve air quality in urban areas. 2. New energy vehicles ______ (produce) in large quantities now to meet the increasing market demand. 3. The new AI research center ______ (build) in our city and is expected to open next year. 4. Many historical buildings in the old town ______ (restore) over the past decade, making the area a popular tourist spot. 5. The first unmanned lunar rover of our country ______ (launch) successfully last month. 6. By the end of last year, all the old power plants in the region ______ (replace) with new green energy facilities. 7. Unless effective actions ______ (take) immediately, the river pollution will get worse. 8. The project to develop a new vaccine ______ (carry out) for two years and has achieved significant progress. 9. The number of online courses ______ (increase) rapidly in recent years to meet learners' needs. 10. By the time the conference starts, all the materials ______ (prepare) and distributed to the attendees. 考点六 主谓一致 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The release of the new AI model, which ______ (be) both technologically advanced and user-friendly, has attracted global attention. 2. Doing regular exercise every day ______ (be) beneficial to both physical and mental health. 3. Virtual reality games and augmented reality applications ______ (bring) new experiences to users. 4. It is clear that success ______ (be) a journey of continuous learning and often ______ (take) time to achieve. 5. The ______ (develop) in renewable energy technologies are remarkable, like the progress in solar power. 6. All we need ______ (be) a sincere attitude to build good relationships with others. 7. The renowned scientist, as well as his research team, ______ (honor) for their contributions to medical science next week. 根据短文内容，在横线上填写适当的动词。 短文填空（一） Since I ___1___ (found) this startup in my garage five years ago, I have always imagined what it ___2___ (become) someday. Sticking to this vision ___3___ (help) me overcome challenges. To achieve the success you ___4___ (pursue), you need to aim high. Every inspiring story ___5___ (start) with ambitious dreams. You should have clear aspirations, such as becoming influential, creative, or content. Also, I believe it’s crucial that the colleagues you ___6___ (collaborate) with are as dedicated to the same objective as you ___7___ (be), so you can motivate each other and ___8___ (keep) one another passionate. 短文填空（二） A few years back, I ___1___ (interview) by a journalist who ___2___ (write) a book on innovation. He ___3___ (ask) me, “What’s the opposite of creativity?” I replied, “Conformity.” He ___4___ (start) smiling and said, “Believe it or not, many innovators ___5___ (say) the same thing.” Most people think the opposite of creativity ___6___ (be) repetition, but to an innovator, creativity is exploration. I think it all ___7___ (boil) down to curiosity. It’s exciting to invent, to experiment, and to make a difference with your ideas. When it stops being exciting, I ___8___ (quit) doing it. 短文填空（三） In recent years, the digital economy in our country ___1___ (become) a dominant force in development. Over the last five years, it ___2___ (grow) by 15% annually on average. Around 50 million people ___3___ (participate) in e-commerce in 2018, but since then the number ___4___ (rise) sharply, reaching 80 million in 2021 and exceeding 100 million in 2023. The driving factors of this growth mainly ___5___ (come) from technological advancements, including AI, big data, and blockchain. Among these, the most impactful ___6___ (be) the widespread use of mobile payment, which ___7___ (transform) people’s daily lives and ___8___ (attract) global attention. 短文填空（四） Jack ___1___ (drive) to the tech exhibition excitedly when a self-driving car passed by his vehicle. The car ___2___ (run) very smoothly. When Jack approached the exhibition hall, he noticed a crowd and ___3___ (park) his car in the nearby lot. A new AI product launch ___4___ (happen) at the main stage. The product ___5___ (combine) AI with healthcare, but the presenter was explaining its features. Jack thought that this product must be very innovative and he should learn about it as much as he ___6___ (can). Not hesitating at all, Jack ___7___ (rush) to the stage area, though many people ___8___ (dare) not get too close due to the crowd. Looking at the product display, he saw a smart device—small and portable. Jack was amazed to see its multiple functions. Jack tried to interact with the device. It wouldn’t respond at first. He checked the instruction again. Then, he managed to make it work. “Please show me how it monitors health data,” a visitor asked. Jack helped the visitor operate the device and ___9___ (guide) him to understand the data. Then he continued to explore other exhibits. After he finished exploring the AI healthcare section, Jack ___10___ (think) of the VR zone in another hall. He had heard about a new VR game there. So he went there quickly. As Jack ___11___ (experience) the VR game, a staff member said, “Not many visitors can master this game as fast as you ___12___ (do).” “You just __13____ (take) your time, and I __14____ (introduce) more features to you later,” said Jack. He kept his promise. As soon as he finished the game demo, the next group of visitors ___15___ (arrive). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 专题01 谓语动词（时态、被动语态、主谓一致） 目录 1 3 3 考点一 一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时 3 考点二 一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时 4 考点三 一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时 6 考点四 过去将来时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时 7 考点五 各种时态的被动语态 9 考点六 主谓一致 10 11 短文填空（一） 11 短文填空（二） 11 短文填空（三） 12 短文填空（四） 12 1. The new intern is required to submit the report to the supervisor as soon as he ______ (arrive) here. 答案：arrives 解析：as soon as 引导时间状语从句，遵循 “主将从现”，主语 he 为第三人称单数，故填arrives。 2. Could you hold on a minute? I ______ (not take) long. 答案：won’t take 解析：表即将发生的动作，用一般将来时否定形式，故填won’t take。 3. Ms. Zhang mentions that she ______ (work) in this institute since 2015. 答案：has worked 解析：“since 2015” 是现在完成时标志，主语 she 为单数，故填has worked。 4. We were informed that a new policy ______ (introduce) to benefit small businesses soon. 答案：would be introduced 解析：“were informed” 是过去时，“soon” 表过去将来，且 policy 与 introduce 是被动关系，故填would be introduced。 5. She wondered when they ______ (depart) for the overseas conference. 答案：would depart 解析：“wondered” 是过去时，宾语从句表过去将来，故填would depart。 6. He ______ (lie) on the sofa until his mom called him for dinner yesterday evening. 答案：lay 解析：“yesterday evening” 是一般过去时标志，lie 的过去式是lay，故填lay。 7. The teacher ______ (be) quite surprised when she saw what the students ______ (do) in the lab. 答案：were doing 解析：第一空 “saw” 是一般过去时标志，主语 the teacher 为单数，填was；第二空表过去某时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语 students 为复数，填were doing。 8. There are crowds of people outside the cinema. What do you suppose ______ (occur)? 答案：is occurring 解析：“do you suppose” 是插入语，主语 what 视为单数，表现在正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，故填is occurring。 9. — What’s the latest news? — I have no idea. I ______ (not check) it yet. 答案：haven’t checked 解析：“yet” 是现在完成时否定标志，主语 I，故填haven’t checked。 10. They ______ (get) to the company this afternoon and discovered that someone ______ (tamper) with the office equipment during the night. 答案：had tampered 解析：第一空 “discovered” 是一般过去时标志，填got；第二空 “tamper” 发生在 “got” 之前，用过去完成时，故填had tampered。 11. I ______ (reflect) on your suggestion and I’ve made up my mind to follow it. 答案：have been reflecting 解析：强调动作持续到现在并产生结果，用现在完成进行时，故填have been reflecting。 12. When I ______ (arrive) at the airport, the plane ______ (take off) and I ______ (have) to wait for the next flight. While I ______ (wait), I ______ (read) a magazine. 答案：arrived；had taken off；had taken off；was waiting；was reading 解析：第一空 “discovered” 是一般过去时标志，填arrived；第二空 “take off” 在 “arrived” 之前，用过去完成时，填had taken off；第三空一般过去时，填had；第四空表过去等待时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，填was waiting；第五空同理，填was reading。 考点一 一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时 1. In the past three years, Li ______ (explore) the applications of AI in five different industries. 答案：has explored 解析：时间状语 “In the past three years”（在过去三年里）是现在完成时的标志，强调过去动作对现在的影响。主语 Li 是第三人称单数，因此填has explored（现在完成时结构：has + 过去分词）。 2. The number of new energy vehicle charging stations hit 5 million in 2024 and ______ (stay) on the rise ever since. 答案：has stayed 解析：“ever since”（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志，“the number of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。因此填has stayed（现在完成时结构：has + 过去分词）。 3. I ______ (read) half of the English novel, and I plan to share my thoughts online this week. 答案：have read 解析：“读了一半小说” 是过去开始并持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。主语 I 是第一人称，因此填have read（现在完成时结构：have + 过去分词）。 4. You’d better write down her phone number before you ______ (forget) it. 答案：forget 解析：before 引导的时间状语从句遵循 “主将从现” 原则，从句用一般现在时表将来。主语 you 是第二人称，因此填forget（一般现在时原形）。 5. If we ______ (not, act) now to protect the environment, future generations will bear the consequences. 答案：don’t act 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现” 原则，从句用一般现在时表将来。否定形式为 “don’t + 动词原形”，因此填don’t act。 6. The new musical ______ (open) at the Grand Theatre on 28th November and then travels to major cities nationwide. 答案：opens 解析：表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来（常用于演出、时刻表等固定安排）。主语 The new musical 是单数，因此填opens（一般现在时第三人称单数形式）。 7. Come on! Your parents ______ (wait) for you at the school gate. 答案：are waiting 解析：“Come on!” 提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时。结构为 “am/is/are + 现在分词”，主语 Your parents 是复数，因此填are waiting。 8. — Have you heard about the international sports event? Of course, it ______ (be) the hottest topic on social media for the past week. 答案：has been 解析：“for the past week”（在过去一周里）是现在完成时的标志，强调动作从过去持续到现在的状态。主语 it 是单数，因此填has been（现在完成时结构：has + 过去分词）。 9. “Learning is like climbing a mountain,” Teacher Wang often says, “because every effort ______ (count).” 答案：counts 解析：描述客观真理、普遍情况时用一般现在时。主语 every effort 是单数，因此填counts（一般现在时第三人称单数形式）。 10. “The new product launch ______ (come) soon,” the CEO said, looking excited and prepared. 答案：is coming 解析：“soon”（不久）表示将来，此处用现在进行时表将来（表示按计划即将发生的动作）。主语 The new product launch 是单数，因此填is coming（现在进行时结构：is + 现在分词）。 考点二 一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Last year, one of the most innovative tech startups we invested in ______ (be) Focus AI, which later became a unicorn. 答案：was 解析：考查一般过去时。句中 “Last year” 表明动作发生在过去，主语 “one of the most innovative tech startups” 为单数概念，故填was。 2. After he ______ (spend) three months in Chengdu, he fell in love with Sichuan opera and decided to learn it. 答案：had spent 解析：考查过去完成时。“spend” 这一动作发生在 “fell in love” 之前（即 “过去的过去”），需用过去完成时，故填had spent。 3. The release of the new best-selling book, which ______ (receive) widespread attention and positive feedback, boosted the author's reputation. 答案：received 解析：考查一般过去时。定语从句中 which 指代 “the new best-selling book”，描述过去发生的动作，故填received。 4. By the end of the 1st century AD, tea ______ (become) one of the key commodities traded along the Ancient Tea Horse Road. 答案：had become 解析：考查过去完成时。“by + 过去时间（the end of the 1st century AD）” 是过去完成时的标志，表 “过去的过去” 完成的动作，故填had become。 5. When I was a teenager, I dreamed of being a travel vlogger. I ______ (plan) to visit 50 countries before turning 30. 答案：planned 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去的想法和计划，用一般过去时，故填planned。 6. — Did you have trouble assembling the new furniture? — Not at all. The manual ______ (give) us step-by-step instructions, so we finished it quickly. 答案：gave 解析：考查一般过去时。“give” 这一动作发生在过去，故填gave。 7. Organizing the online conference was more challenging than we ______ (anticipate) because of unexpected technical issues. 答案：had anticipated 解析：考查过去完成时。“anticipate” 发生在 “was more challenging” 之前（过去的过去），故填had anticipated。 8. I’m inquiring about the apartment you ______ (post) ads for yesterday. Could you tell me its size? 答案：posted 解析：考查一般过去时。“yesterday” 是一般过去时的标志，故填posted。 9. I ______ (intend) to drop by your office yesterday, but an urgent meeting came up and I had to cancel. 答案：was intending 解析：考查过去进行时。过去进行时可表示过去打算进行的动作，强调当时的计划状态，主语 I，故填was intending。 10. Tom ______ (watch) a documentary about space exploration at 8 p.m. last night when the power suddenly went out. 答案：was watching 解析：考查过去进行时。“at 8 p.m. last night” 是过去某一时刻，强调当时正在进行的动作，故填was watching。 11. I thought I wouldn’t enjoy the documentary, but actually it ______ (be) quite informative and interesting. 答案：was 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去对纪录片的评价，故填was。 12. He was sad when he sold his vintage camera. After all, he ______ (own) it for over a decade. 答案：had owned 解析：考查过去完成时。“own” 发生在 “sold” 之前（过去的过去），且持续了一段时间，故填had owned。 13. — Did you consult a financial advisor? — I ______ (not, need) to — I handled my investments by myself successfully. 答案：didn’t need 解析：考查一般过去时的否定形式。一般过去时的否定为 “didn’t + 动词原形”，故填didn’t need。 14. The CEO is reported to have returned from Tokyo where he ______ (meet) several potential Japanese clients. 答案：had met 解析：考查过去完成时。“meet” 发生在 “returned” 之前（过去的过去），故填had met。 15. We got to the company this morning and found that someone ______ (break) into the storage room overnight. 答案：had broken 解析：考查过去完成时。“break” 发生在 “got to” 之前（过去的过去），故填had broken。 16. — That cross-country trip must have been tiring. — Yeah, it ______ (take) us five days to drive from Shanghai to Lhasa. 答案：took 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去的行程花费时间，故填took。 17. Scientists now have more evidence about how the first life forms ______ (come) into existence on Earth. 答案：came 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去发生的 “生命形成” 事件，故填came。 18. I was on a business trip then, so I don’t know exactly how the accident ______ (happen). 答案：happened 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去发生的事故，故填happened。 19. — What do you think of the new drama series? — It’s amazing. The only regret is that I ______ (miss) the first two episodes. 答案：missed 解析：考查一般过去时。描述过去错过的动作，故填missed。 20. Lisa was given the same necklace her mother and grandmother ______ (wear) on their wedding days. 答案：had worn 解析：考查过去完成时。“wear” 发生在 “was given” 之前（过去的过去），故填had worn。 考点三 一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. — Mr. Li is not available now. Okay. — I ______ (call) him in half an hour. 答案：will call 解析：考查一般将来时。“in half an hour”（半小时后）是一般将来时的时间标志，用 “will + 动词原形” 结构，故填will call。 2. — Do you think our team ______ (win) the championship this year? — Sure. We’ve been training really hard. 答案：will win 解析：考查一般将来时。表示对未来事件的预测，用 “will + 动词原形” 结构，故填will win。 3. I can’t wait for the concert! At 8 p.m. this Saturday, I ______ (enjoy) the performance of my favorite singer. 答案：will be enjoying 解析：考查将来进行时。“At 8 p.m. this Saturday” 是将来具体时刻，强调此时正在进行的动作，用 “will be + 现在分词” 结构，故填will be enjoying。 4. — I know Anna is preparing for her art exhibition. — Yes. By the end of next month, she ______ (finish) all the artworks. 答案：will have finished 解析：考查将来完成时。“By the end of next month”（到下月末为止）是将来完成时的时间标志，用 “will have + 过去分词” 结构，故填will have finished。 5. — The new subway line is under construction. — Right. It ______ (open) to the public by the end of this year. 答案：will have opened 解析：考查将来完成时。“by the end of this year” 表示到今年末完成的动作，用 “will have + 过去分词” 结构，故填will have opened。 6. Don’t worry about the project. We ______ (complete) it before the deadline. 答案：will complete 解析：考查一般将来时。表示将来会完成的动作，用 “will + 动词原形” 结构，故填will complete。 7. This time tomorrow, we ______ (hike) in the mountains and enjoying the scenery. 答案：will be hiking 解析：考查将来进行时。“This time tomorrow” 是将来某一时刻，强调正在进行的动作，用 “will be + 现在分词” 结构，故填will be hiking。 8. — Jack is saving money for a new laptop. — I see. By next semester, he ______ (save) enough to buy it. 答案：will have saved 解析：考查将来完成时。“By next semester” 表示到下学期末完成的动作，用 “will have + 过去分词” 结构，故填will have saved。 考点四 过去将来时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. —Lisa, why are you so tired? — I ______ (edit) videos for the last three hours. I need a break. 答案：have been editing 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“for the last three hours” 表明动作从过去持续到现在，结构为 “have/has been + 现在分词”，主语为 I，故填have been editing。 2. The athlete has a strong passion for running and ______ (take) professional training sessions three times a week over the past two years. 答案：has been taking 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“over the past two years” 是现在完成进行时的时间标志，强调动作持续进行，主语 “the athlete” 为单数，故填has been taking。 3. The coach ______ (instruct) the team how to improve their strategy since this morning. 答案：has been instructing 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“since this morning” 表示动作从过去某时持续到现在，结构为 “has/have been + 现在分词”，主语 “the coach” 为单数，故填has been instructing。 4. When Tom woke up, he didn’t know how long he ______ (sleep) there. 答案：had been sleeping 解析：考查过去完成进行时。“sleep” 的动作发生在 “woke up” 之前（过去的过去持续动作），结构为 “had been + 现在分词”，故填had been sleeping。 5. — We’ve eaten too much dessert recently. — Well, it’s understandable. Our neighbors ______ (bring) over homemade cakes all the time. 答案：have been bringing 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“all the time” 结合语境表示动作近期持续发生，结构为 “have/has been + 现在分词”，主语 “our neighbors” 为复数，故填have been bringing。 6. Sorry to bother you, Mr. Wang, a journalist from China Daily ______ (call) all day. Could you talk to him now? 答案：has been calling 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“all day” 表明动作从过去持续到现在，结构为 “has/have been + 现在分词”，主语 “a journalist” 为单数，故填has been calling。 7. — I feel really exhausted. — No surprise. You ______ (work) on this project for too long without rest. 答案：have been working 解析：考查现在完成进行时。强调动作从过去持续到现在的状态，导致现在的疲惫感，结构为 “have/has been + 现在分词”，主语为 you，故填have been working。 8. When the team arrived at the camp, they found that the guide ______ (wait) for them for an hour. 答案：had been waiting 解析：考查过去完成进行时。“wait” 的动作在 “arrived” 之前就已持续一小时（过去的过去持续动作），结构为 “had been + 现在分词”，故填had been waiting。 9. Jenny told me she ______ (start) a new job the following month. 答案：would start（或was going to start） 解析：考查过去将来时。“told” 是过去时，“the following month” 表示过去语境中的将来动作，可用 “would + 动词原形” 或 “was going to + 动词原形”，故填would start（或was going to start）。 10. The scientist ______ (conduct) experiments in the lab since yesterday morning. Let’s not disturb him. 答案：has been conducting 解析：考查现在完成进行时。“since yesterday morning” 表示动作从过去持续到现在，结构为 “has/have been + 现在分词”，主语 “the scientist” 为单数，故填has been conducting。 考点五 各种时态的被动语态 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. More measures ______ (take) in the coming year to improve air quality in urban areas. 答案：will be taken 解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。“in the coming year” 表示将来时间，被动语态结构为 “will be + 过去分词”，故填will be taken。 2. New energy vehicles ______ (produce) in large quantities now to meet the increasing market demand. 答案：are produced 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。描述现在的生产状态，主语 “New energy vehicles” 是复数，被动结构为 “are + 过去分词”，故填are produced。 3. The new AI research center ______ (build) in our city and is expected to open next year. 答案：is being built 解析：考查现在进行时的被动语态。“is expected to open next year” 说明中心正在建设，结构为 “is being + 过去分词”，主语单数，故填is being built。 4. Many historical buildings in the old town ______ (restore) over the past decade, making the area a popular tourist spot. 答案：have been restored 解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态。“over the past decade” 是现在完成时标志，结构为 “have been + 过去分词”，主语复数，故填have been restored。 5. The first unmanned lunar rover of our country ______ (launch) successfully last month. 答案：was launched 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。“last month” 是过去时间标志，结构为 “was + 过去分词”，主语单数，故填was launched。 6. By the end of last year, all the old power plants in the region ______ (replace) with new green energy facilities. 答案：had been replaced 解析：考查过去完成时的被动语态。“By the end of last year” 是过去完成时标志，结构为 “had been + 过去分词”，故填had been replaced。 7. Unless effective actions ______ (take) immediately, the river pollution will get worse. 答案：are taken 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态（条件状语从句 “主将从现”）。从句用一般现在时被动，结构为 “are + 过去分词”，故填are taken。 8. The project to develop a new vaccine ______ (carry out) for two years and has achieved significant progress. 答案：has been being carried out 解析：考查现在完成进行时的被动语态。“for two years” 强调动作持续进行的被动，结构为 “has been being + 过去分词”，主语单数，故填has been being carried out。 9. The number of online courses ______ (increase) rapidly in recent years to meet learners' needs. 答案：is increased 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态（主谓一致）。“the number of + 复数名词” 作主语，谓语单数，结构为 “is + 过去分词”，故填is increased。 10. By the time the conference starts, all the materials ______ (prepare) and distributed to the attendees. 答案：will have been prepared 解析：考查将来完成时的被动语态。“By the time + 一般现在时” 主句用将来完成时被动，结构为 “will have been + 过去分词”，故填will have been prepared。 考点六 主谓一致 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The release of the new AI model, which ______ (be) both technologically advanced and user-friendly, has attracted global attention. 答案：is 解析：考查定语从句中的主谓一致。先行词 “the new AI model” 为单数，定语从句谓语与先行词保持一致，故填is。 2. Doing regular exercise every day ______ (be) beneficial to both physical and mental health. 答案：is 解析：考查动名词作主语的主谓一致。动名词短语作主语视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。 3. Virtual reality games and augmented reality applications ______ (bring) new experiences to users. 答案：bring 解析：考查并列主语的主谓一致。“and” 连接两个并列主语，视为复数，谓语动词用复数形式，故填bring。 4. It is clear that success ______ (be) a journey of continuous learning and often ______ (take) time to achieve. 答案：takes 解析：考查抽象名词及并列谓语的主谓一致。“success” 为抽象名词，视为单数，第一空填is；并列谓语 “take” 与 “is” 保持一致，用单数形式，故填takes。 5. The ______ (develop) in renewable energy technologies are remarkable, like the progress in solar power. 答案：developments 解析：考查复数名词的主谓一致。由谓语 “are” 可知主语为复数，“develop” 的名词复数形式是developments，故填developments。 6. All we need ______ (be) a sincere attitude to build good relationships with others. 答案：is 解析：考查 “all” 作主语的主谓一致。“all” 指代 “a sincere attitude”（表物，不可数），视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。 7. The renowned scientist, as well as his research team, ______ (honor) for their contributions to medical science next week. 答案：will be honored 解析：考查 “as well as” 连接主语的主谓一致及被动语态。“as well as” 连接主语时，谓语与前面的 “The renowned scientist”（单数）保持一致；且 “scientist” 与 “honor” 是被动关系，结合 “next week” 用一般将来时被动，故填will be honored。 根据短文内容，在横线上填写适当的动词。 短文填空（一） Since I ___1___ (found) this startup in my garage five years ago, I have always imagined what it ___2___ (become) someday. Sticking to this vision ___3___ (help) me overcome challenges. To achieve the success you ___4___ (pursue), you need to aim high. Every inspiring story ___5___ (start) with ambitious dreams. You should have clear aspirations, such as becoming influential, creative, or content. Also, I believe it’s crucial that the colleagues you ___6___ (collaborate) with are as dedicated to the same objective as you ___7___ (be), so you can motivate each other and ___8___ (keep) one another passionate. 答案及解析： 1. “since + 过去时间” 是现在完成时标志，主语 I，故填founded。 2. 表将来的状态，用一般将来时，故填will become。 3. 动名词短语作主语，谓语用单数，一般现在时，故填helps。 4. 表正在追求的动作，用现在进行时，故填are pursuing。 5. 一般现在时，主语 every story 为单数，故填starts。 6. 定语从句中表现在的动作，用一般现在时，故填collaborate。 7. as...as 结构中，主语 you，故填are。 8. 情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故填keep。 短文填空（二） A few years back, I ___1___ (interview) by a journalist who ___2___ (write) a book on innovation. He ___3___ (ask) me, “What’s the opposite of creativity?” I replied, “Conformity.” He ___4___ (start) smiling and said, “Believe it or not, many innovators ___5___ (say) the same thing.” Most people think the opposite of creativity ___6___ (be) repetition, but to an innovator, creativity is exploration. I think it all ___7___ (boil) down to curiosity. It’s exciting to invent, to experiment, and to make a difference with your ideas. When it stops being exciting, I ___8___ (quit) doing it. 答案及解析： 1. “A few years back” 是过去时标志，且 I 与 interview 是被动关系，用一般过去时被动，故填was interviewed。 2. “who” 引导的定语从句中，表过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，故填was writing。 3. 一般过去时，故填asked。 4. 一般过去时，故填started。 5. 表过去的动作，用一般过去时，故填said。 6. 一般现在时，主语 the opposite 为单数，故填is。 7. 一般现在时，主语 it 为单数，故填boils。 8. 表将来的动作，用一般将来时，故填will quit。 短文填空（三） In recent years, the digital economy in our country ___1___ (become) a dominant force in development. Over the last five years, it ___2___ (grow) by 15% annually on average. Around 50 million people ___3___ (participate) in e-commerce in 2018, but since then the number ___4___ (rise) sharply, reaching 80 million in 2021 and exceeding 100 million in 2023. The driving factors of this growth mainly ___5___ (come) from technological advancements, including AI, big data, and blockchain. Among these, the most impactful ___6___ (be) the widespread use of mobile payment, which ___7___ (transform) people’s daily lives and ___8___ (attract) global attention. 答案及解析： 1. “In recent years” 是现在完成时标志，主语 the digital economy 为单数，故填has become。 2. “Over the last five years” 是现在完成时标志，主语 it 为单数，故填has grown。 3. “in 2018” 是一般过去时标志，故填participated。 4. “since then” 是现在完成时标志，主语 the number 为单数，故填has risen。 5. 一般现在时，主语 factors 为复数，故填come。 6. 一般现在时，主语 the most impactful 为单数，故填is。 7. 现在完成时，主语 which 指代 mobile payment，为单数，故填has transformed。 8. 现在完成时，与前面的 has transformed 并列，故填has attracted。 短文填空（四） Jack ___1___ (drive) to the tech exhibition excitedly when a self-driving car passed by his vehicle. The car ___2___ (run) very smoothly. When Jack approached the exhibition hall, he noticed a crowd and ___3___ (park) his car in the nearby lot. A new AI product launch ___4___ (happen) at the main stage. The product ___5___ (combine) AI with healthcare, but the presenter was explaining its features. Jack thought that this product must be very innovative and he should learn about it as much as he ___6___ (can). Not hesitating at all, Jack ___7___ (rush) to the stage area, though many people ___8___ (dare) not get too close due to the crowd. Looking at the product display, he saw a smart device—small and portable. Jack was amazed to see its multiple functions. Jack tried to interact with the device. It wouldn’t respond at first. He checked the instruction again. Then, he managed to make it work. “Please show me how it monitors health data,” a visitor asked. Jack helped the visitor operate the device and ___9___ (guide) him to understand the data. Then he continued to explore other exhibits. After he finished exploring the AI healthcare section, Jack ___10___ (think) of the VR zone in another hall. He had heard about a new VR game there. So he went there quickly. As Jack ___11___ (experience) the VR game, a staff member said, “Not many visitors can master this game as fast as you ___12___ (do).” “You just ___13___ (take) your time, and I __14____ (introduce) more features to you later,” said Jack. He kept his promise. As soon as he finished the game demo, the next group of visitors ___15___ (arrive). 答案及解析： 1． was driving：考查过去进行时。“was/were + 现在分词” 表过去某时正在进行的动作，此处 “when a self-driving car passed by” 强调开车时的动作，故填was driving。 2. ran：考查一般过去时。描述过去发生的动作，run 的过去式为 ran，故填ran。 3. parked：考查一般过去时。与 “noticed” 并列的过去动作，故填parked。 4. was happening：考查过去进行时。表过去某时正在进行的活动（产品发布会正在进行），故填was happening。 5. combined：考查一般过去时。描述产品的属性（过去的设计），故填combined。 6. could：考查情态动词的过去式。与 “thought” 时态一致，can 的过去式为 could，故填could。 7. rushed：考查一般过去时。描述过去的动作，rush 的过去式为 rushed，故填rushed。 8. dared：考查一般过去时。dare 作实义动词时过去式为 dared，故填dared。 9. guided：考查一般过去时。与 “helped” 并列的过去动作，故填guided。 10. thought：考查一般过去时。描述过去的想法，think 的过去式为 thought，故填thought。 11. was experiencing：考查过去进行时。“as” 引导的时间状语从句，强调体验 VR 游戏时的动作，故填was experiencing。 12. did：考查助动词的过去式。替代前面的 “master this game”，与 “can” 的过去式 “could” 呼应，故填did。 13. take：考查祈使句。“just take your time” 为固定表达，用动词原形，故填take。 14. will introduce：考查一般将来时。表接下来要做的动作，故填will introduce。 15. arrived：考查一般过去时。描述过去的动作，arrive 的过去式为 arrived，故填arrived。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $