专题07 语法填空（期末真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题07 语法填空 主题01 人与自然——环境保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·湖北武汉·期末） SMALL WASTE, BIG PROBLEM Many of us might not give a second thought to 1 (drop) a small piece of litter. After all, if it is so small, it cannot possibly be that harmful, can it? In today’s world, the answer is certainly “Yes it can!” 2 the growing use of plastic bags and the rising number of smokers, there is more litter being produced than ever before. Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Worldwide, about 4.3 trillion cigarette butts 3 (litter) every year. As well as spoiling the beauty of the environment, they contain toxic 4 (chemical). These find their way into the water supply where they affect water quality 5 endanger plants and animals. Cigarette butts can take up to 25 years to break down. So, if people have an urge 6 (smoke), they should dispose of the butts properly in 7 rubbish bin. Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is dangerous to the environment. 8 (blow) by wind, they can float and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers, parks, beaches, and oceans. They can last for hundreds of years in the environment. We should not let plastic bags become litter. We should use 9 (few) plastic bags, and reuse and recycle 10 we have already used. 【答案】1．dropping 2．With 3．are littered 4．chemicals 5．and 6．to smoke 7．a 8．Blown 9．fewer 10．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是乱扔垃圾（尤其是烟头和塑料袋）对环境的危害，并呼吁人们减少垃圾的产生、正确处理垃圾以及重复利用和回收资源。 1．考查动名词。句意：我们中的许多人可能想都不去想就扔掉一小块垃圾。to是介词，空格处用动名词dropping作宾语，故填dropping。 2．考查介词。句意：随着塑料袋使用量的增加和吸烟者人数的增加，产生的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。根据语境可知，句子表示“随着塑料袋使用量的增加和吸烟者人数的增加，产生的垃圾比以往任何时候都多”，空格处用with表伴随，位于句首，首字母大写，故填With。 3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：全世界每年大约有4.3万亿个烟头被丢弃。烟头是被丢，由every year可知，时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语4.3 trillion cigarette butts是复数，因此空格处是are littered。故填are littered。 4．考查名词复数。句意：它们不仅破坏了环境之美，还含有有毒化学物质。chemical意为“化学物质”，是可数名词，有很多，因此用复数，故填chemicals。 5．考查连词。句意：它们会进入供水系统，影响水质，危害动植物。 affect water quality和endanger plants and animals之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 6．考查不定式。句意：所以，如果人们有吸烟的冲动，他们应该把烟蒂扔进垃圾桶。have an urge to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有做某事的冲动”，因此空格处用不定式to smoke，故填to smoke。 7．考查冠词。句意：所以，如果人们有吸烟的冲动，他们应该把烟蒂扔进垃圾桶。rubbish bin是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，rubbish是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在风的吹拂下，它们可以漂浮并传播很远的距离。句中谓语是can float and travel，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Blown。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们应该少用塑料袋，再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们应该少用塑料袋”，空格处意为“更少的”，因此空格处用形容词比较级fewer，故填fewer。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该少用塑料袋，再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 Passage 2 （24-25 高二上·上海・期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Throughout the world, only 15% of the materials that are used to make clothing is properly recycled, according to the Alle SacArthur Club, an organization in Liverpool, UK, that boosts the circular economy. Most clothing waste—an 11 (estimate) 82 million tonnes from the fashion industry alone-produced every year ends up buried or burnt. 12 (handle) all that waste, methods to recover and reuse the material are intended as an active response to the future risks by researchers and start-up companies. Much of their focus is on chemical recycling, 13 the material is broken down into its building blocks and applied to create new materials, including fibres that 14 (weave) into new clothes. The challenges lie in 15 (develop) the processes for such treatment. They have to be practical, but they also have to be at least as cost-effective as simply making new fibres. 16 the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres. They are derived from wood-pulp cellulose and may be used to produce materials such as viscose (rayon) and a similar material called lyocell. A change in the manufacturing process is being applied to the textile-waste problem by Essen, a start-up in Seattle, Washington. 17 the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. It has also adjusted the process to produce a fibre that the firm’s co-founder and president Christo Stan says is superior to 18 other cellulosics and cotton, and that can be recycled more times. Although there are abundant technical challenges, the main barrier 19 widespread textile recycling could be economic, says materials engineer Lijiang Jiang at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. “Most of the materials are not that invaluable,” Jiang says. So cheap it is to produce polyester, cotton and other fabrics 20 there’s little profit margin unless the recycling processes themselves are very inexpensive. 【答案】11．estimated 12．To handle 13．where 14．are woven 15．developing 16．Besides 17．What 18．both 19．to 20．that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装原料的浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，华盛顿西雅图的艾森公司通过对于纺织生产过程的改变来解决纺织品废料的问题。 11．考查形容词。句意：大多数衣服浪费——估计有8,200万吨时尚行业每年生产的产品最终被埋葬或烧毁。空格处应填形容词修饰名词tonnes，作定语。故填estimated。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了处理所有的废物，回收和再利用材料的方法旨在作为研究人员和初创公司对未来风险的积极回应。分析句子结构，are intended为谓语动词，空格处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，需填动词不定式形式。故填To handle。 13．考查定语从句。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。此处为定语从句修饰先行词chemical recycling，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 14．考查被动语态。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。that指代先行词fibers在从句中作主语，空格处在从句中作谓语，主语fibres和weave之间是被动关系，此句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are woven。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：挑战基于对这种加工过程的开发。空格处需要填非谓语作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填developing。 16．考查介词。句意：除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维。根据“the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres.”及常识可知，除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维，介词besides除……之外（还），故填Besides。 17．考查主语从句。句意：公司从根本上致力于的工艺是使废弃的纺织品而不是木材作为纤维素的来源。分析句子结构，空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词devoted的宾语，指代事物。故填What。 18．考查代词。句意：该公司还调整了生产纤维的过程，可以生产出优于其他纤维素和棉花的纤维，而且这种纤维可以更多地被回收利用。根据“other cellulosics and cotton”可知，此处用both...and...表示“两者都”，故填both。 19．考查介词。句意：尽管有大量的技术挑战，对于广泛传播纤维回收的主要障碍就是经济，亚特兰大麻省理工学院的材料工程师蒋丽江（音译）如是说。barrier to是固定搭配，意为“……的障碍”。故填to。 20．考查结果状语从句。句意：生产涤纶棉花和其他材料是如此的便宜，并且除非回收过程本身非常便宜否则利润空间很小。根据句意，此处与前面的So构成so...that，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·河北邢台·期末） With global events like the UN Climate Change Conference 21 (bring) sustainability (可持续性) into public focus, readers are expecting libraries to introduce more sustainable 22 (measure). They try to reduce their electricity usage and buy equipment from providers 23 are struggling to protect the environment. So far, 24 number of the libraries that have already taken steps to reduce their carbon footprint has been increasing. Devices like monitoring tools can 25 (apply) to identify areas of a library that are frequently unoccupied. The Jean Anderson Morgan Student Center, for example, is taking advantage 26 the tools throughout its library study rooms. Up till now, 27 (significance) improvements have been made in reducing its energy usage. Bulb costs have 28 (obvious) declined, with fewer replacements needed in low occupancy areas. Fixing automated equipment that runs on minimal electrical power is libraries’ another effort 29 (operate) more sustainably. Sophisticated self-service machines are now able to 30 (simple) the process of loaning and returning books without causing a big increase in a library’s electricity bill. 【答案】21．bringing 22．measures 23．who/that 24．the 25．be applied 26．of 27．significant 28．obviously 29．to operate 30．simplify 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着联合国气候变化大会等全球性活动将可持续发展纳入公众关注的焦点，读者希望图书馆引入更多可持续发展的措施。他们努力减少用电，并从努力保护环境的供应商那里购买设备。到目前为止，已经采取措施减少碳足迹的图书馆数量一直在增加。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着联合国气候变化大会等全球性活动将可持续发展纳入公众关注的焦点，读者希望图书馆引入更多可持续发展的措施。此处为with的复合结构，且global events like the UN Climate Change Conference与bring构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填bringing。 22．考查名词的数。句意：随着联合国气候变化大会等全球性活动将可持续发展纳入公众关注的焦点，读者希望图书馆引入更多可持续发展的措施。根据上文more可知measure应用复数形式。故填measures。 23．考查定语从句。句意：他们努力减少用电，并从努力保护环境的供应商那里购买设备。定语从句修饰先行词providers，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 24．考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，已经采取措施减少碳足迹的图书馆数量一直在增加。短语the number of表示“……的数量”。故填the。 25．考查语态。句意：可以应用监视工具之类的设备来识别库中经常未被占用的区域。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be applied。 26．考查介词。句意：例如，吉恩·安德森·摩根学生中心在图书馆的自习室里充分利用了这些工具。表示“充分利用”短语为take advantage of。故填of。 27．考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，在减少能源消耗方面已经取得了显著的进步。修饰名词improvements应用形容词significant，作定语。故填significant。 28．考查副词。句意：灯泡成本明显下降，在低占用率地区更换灯泡的需求减少。修饰动词decline应用副词obviously，故填obviously。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：修复使用最少电力的自动化设备是图书馆可持续运营的另一项努力。此处名词effort后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to operate。 30．考查动词。句意：先进的自助服务机器现在能够简化借书和还书的过程，而不会导致图书馆电费的大幅增加。表示“简化”应用动词simplify，且上文为短语be able to do sth.。故填simplify。 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期末）In Chinese societies, gifts are given during holidays, birthdays, official business meetings, and at special events like dinner 1 a friend’s home. In China, gifts can be wrapped with wrapping paper and bows, just like gifts in the West. However, the 2 (color) to be used are not chosen 3 (random). Red means good luck. Pink and yellow symbolize happiness. Gold is for fortune and wealth. So wrapping gifts in these colors is best. Avoid white, 4 is used in funerals and symbolizes death. Black and blue also symbolize death and should not be used. If you are giving a red envelope, there are a few points 5 (remember). Unlike a Western greeting card, generally speaking, red envelopes 6 (give) at Chinese New Year are left unsigned. For birthdays or weddings, a short message, typically a four-character 7 (express), and signature are optional. Some short messages are appropriate for a wedding, a birthday party or a housewarming. When giving a gift, you 8 (shall) hand the gift to the person with both hands to show respect since the gift 9 (consider) an extension of the person. When receiving a gift, also accept it with both hands 10 say thank you. 【答案】1．at 2．colors 3．randomly 4．which 5．to remember 6．given 7．expression 8．should 9．is considered 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在中国送礼的场合、礼物包装的颜色选择、红包的相关注意事项以及送礼和收礼时的礼仪等内容。 1．考查介词。句意：在中国社会，人们会在节假日、生日、公务会议以及在朋友家聚餐等特殊场合送礼。此处为固定搭配at a friend’s home，意为“在朋友家”，所以用介词at。故填at。 2．考查名词复数。句意：然而，要使用的颜色不是随意选择的。color为可数名词，作主语，根据谓语动词are可知，主语应为复数形式colors。故填colors。 3．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词chosen，用random的副词randomly，意为“随意地”。故填randomly。 4．考查定语从句。句意：避免使用白色，白色用于葬礼，象征死亡。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为white，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你要送红包，有几点需要记住。此处为为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰points，结合句意，此处表示将要发生的动作，意为“需要记住的几点”，所以用动词不定式to remember。故填to remember。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：与西方的贺卡不同，一般来说，春节时送的红包是不署名的。此处为非谓语动词作定语，red envelopes与give为被动关系，用过去分词given。故填given。 7．考查名词。句意：在生日或婚礼上，简短的留言（通常是四字短语）和署名是可选的。此处作主语，且由a four-character修饰，用express的名词expression，意为“表达；短语”，为可数名词单数。故填expression。 8．考查情态动词。句意：送礼时，你应该用双手将礼物递给对方以表示尊重，因为礼物被视为送礼者的延伸。此处表示建议，意为“应该”，用情态动词should。故填should。 9．考查动词语态。句意同上。此处为谓语动词，gift与consider为被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is considered。故填is considered。 10．考查连词。句意：收礼时，也要用双手接过并说谢谢。此处连接accept it with both hands和say thank you两个并列动作，用连词and。故填and。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川自贡·期末） The closing ceremony of “Chinese Culture Meets Students in Sri Lanka” and the award ceremony of the “China Through My Eyes” event were 11 (successful) held in Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka on Nov 7. Forty-eight Sri Lankan primary and secondary school students were awarded prizes 12 essay writing, calligraphy, paper cutting and painting competitions. The series of activities began in May at 11 Sri Lankan primary and secondary schools, 13 (display) traditional Chinese culture. The friendship between Sri Lanka 14 China is long-standing and the event provided 15 (opportunity) for Sri Lankan students to understand China and Chinese culture, which is 16 (benefit) to promoting cultural exchange and mutual understanding between the two countries. Ji Lili, advisor of the Chinese embassy (大使馆) in Sri Lanka, says the friendship between the two countries 17 (grow) stronger in recent years through expanding and deepening exchanges and cooperation in various fields. “I hope all the students 18 participated in the cultural events will continue to study hard and make contributions to the friendly exchanges between our two nations,” says Ji. “China is one of the 19 (big) countries in the world, with a variety of arts and cultures,” says a student 20 (name) Imashi Kawya Dasanayaka. “My dream is to study and travel in China. I’m one step closer to my dream.” 【答案】11．successfully 12．for 13．displaying 14．and 15．opportunities 16．beneficial 17．has grown 18．who/that 19．biggest 20．named 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡的一个文化活动，此活动促进中斯关系。 11．考查副词。句意：11月7日，“中国文化走进斯里兰卡”闭幕式暨“我眼中的中国”活动颁奖典礼在斯里兰卡首都科伦坡成功举行。动词held需要一个副词来修饰，表示“成功地举办”。故填successfully。 12．考查介词。句意：48名斯里兰卡中小学生在作文、书法、剪纸和绘画比赛中获奖。这里需要一个介词表示原因，常用的搭配是award prizes for表示“因……而获奖”。故填for。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：该系列活动于5月在斯里兰卡11所中小学开始，展示中国传统文化。根据句子的结构，句中已有谓语动词began，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语The series of activities与display之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。 故填displaying。 14．考查连词。句意：斯中两国友谊源远流长，此次活动为斯里兰卡学生了解中国和中国文化提供了机会，有利于促进两国文化交流和相互了解。这里是连接Sri Lanka和China这两个名词，两者之间为并列关系。故填and。 15．考查名词的数。句意：斯中两国友谊源远流长，此次活动为斯里兰卡学生了解中国和中国文化提供了机会，有利于促进两国文化交流和相互了解。在这里，句子表达的是“为斯里兰卡学生提供机会”，应该使用opportunity的复数形式，因为是“多个机会”。故填opportunities。 16．考查形容词。句意：斯中两国友谊源远流长，此次活动为斯里兰卡学生了解中国和中国文化提供了机会，有利于促进两国文化交流和相互了解。be beneficial to对……有好处。 故填beneficial。 17．考查时态。句意：中国驻斯里兰卡大使馆参赞纪丽丽表示，近年来，通过扩大和深化各领域的交流与合作，两国之间的友谊日益牢固。这句话描述的是一个从过去到现在的状态变化，且根据时间状语in recent years需要使用现在完成时。表示“近几年两国之间的友谊变得更加紧密”。 故填has grown。 18．考查定语从句。句意：他说：“我希望所有参加文化活动的学生继续努力学习，为我们两国之间的友好交流做出贡献。”关系词指代先行students并在定语从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 19．考查形容词最高级。句意：“中国是世界上最大的国家之一，拥有各种各样的艺术和文化，”一位名叫Imashi Kawya Dasanayaka的学生说。one of +the +形容词最高级 +复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，故填biggest。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：“中国是世界上最大的国家之一，拥有各种各样的艺术和文化，”一位名叫Imashi Kawya Dasanayaka的学生说。名词student与name之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，表示“名叫Imashi Kawya Dasanayaka的学生”。 故填named。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·陕西西安·期末） Some students at a primary school organized an activity to raise money for the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCA). Due to their efforts, they eventually managed 21 (raise) 3, 500 in total. The students, together with their parents and teachers, then went to 22 supermarket to buy things to donate to the non-profit 23 (organize). They bought items 24 (list)on the SPCA’s wish list and filled up nine carts with kitty litter, bird food, paper towels, dog 25 (toy), etc. However, when the teacher Mrs. Carneiro was paying for the remaining items, she found that the school’s credit card 26 (refuse) as the amount charged was above the card limit. Unfortunately, Mrs. Carneiro didn’t take her wallet. And the parents were outside 27 (load) the items into the car. To her surprise, after seeing her problem, the kindhearted cashier Phyllis Collins 28 (generous) offered to use her own credit card to pay for $648 worth of items. They were all touched by Phyllis’ kindness and returned the money to Phyllis later that day. When asked 29 she did that, Phyllis said that she wanted to contribute 30 the children’s initiative. 【答案】21．to raise 22．a 23．organization 24．listed 25．toys 26．was refused 27．loading 28．generously 29．why 30．to 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一群小学生为SPCA组织筹集了3500美元的善款，然后他们和老师以及家长去超市用善款购买这家组织愿望清单上的东西，老师在付钱时发现超出了限额，令人惊讶的是收银员用自己的钱支付了648美元的东西，她也想贡献自己的一份力量。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他们的努力，他们最终筹集了3500美元。manage to do sth“设法完成某事”，故填to raise。 22．考查冠词。句意：然后，学生们和他们的父母和老师一起去超市买东西捐给非营利组织。此处泛指“一家超市”，使不定冠词，supermarket首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 23．考查名词。句意：同上。空处作宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应填名词形式，此处特指SPCA组织，应用名词单数，故填organization。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们买了SPCA愿望清单上的物品，用九辆手推车装满了猫砂、鸟食、纸巾、狗玩具等。list和items之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作定语，故填listed。 25．考查名词复数。句意：同上。toy是可数名词，结合前面的并列短语“paper towels”可知，此处应用复数形式泛指多个玩具，故填toys。 26．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，当Carneiro老师夫人为剩余的项目付款时，她发现学校的信用卡被拒绝了，因为支付的金额超过了信用卡限额。主语credit card和refuse之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was refused。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：家长们在外面把东西装进车里。load和逻辑主语parents之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填loading。 28．考查副词。句意：令她惊讶的是，在看到她的问题后，好心的收银员Phyllis Collins斯慷慨地提出用她自己的信用卡支付价值648美元的商品。空处修饰动词offered，应用副词形式，故填generously。 29．考查宾语从句。句意：当被问及为什么这样做时，Phyllis说她想为孩子们的倡议做出贡献。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意可知表示“为什么”，使用连接副词why引导，故填why。 30．考查介词。句意：同上。contribute to“为……做贡献”，故填to。 主题03 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期末） Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Central Hospital in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Zhong 1 (grow) up in a family of doctors, 2 father was a well-known pediatrician (儿科医生). Following  the  family  tradition, Zhong Nanshan 3 (admit) to Beijing Medical University in 1955. Many people know Zhong 4 a famous doctor, but few know that he was once an outstanding athlete. 5 he didn’t choose to be a professional athlete, his love for sports never reduced. Despite his busy schedule, he works out three or four times every week. Years of physical exercise gave him a healthy body, allowing him 6 (continue) marching forward in the medical field. Zhong’s life has always been 7 (close) linked with his patients and with the development of the nation. During the SARS outbreak, he personally examined the mouth and throat of every seriously ill patient in his hospital,   8 (give) them comfort and 9 (strong) to fight the disease. At the age of 84, Zhong is still fighting on the front-line of the novel coronavirus outbreak. With his professional medical  skills  and  great  perseverance,  Zhong  has  become 10 hero  at  this difficult time. 【答案】1．grew 2．whose 3．was admitted 4．as 5．Although/Though/While 6．to continue 7．closely 8．giving 9．strength 10．a 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了钟南山的生平。 1．考查动词时态。句意：钟生长在一个医生家庭，他的父亲是一位著名的儿科医生。根据语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填grew。 2．考查定语从句。句意：钟生长在一个医生家庭，他的父亲是一位著名的儿科医生。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是Zhong，指人，关系词在从句中作father的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 3．考查动词语态。句意：按照家庭传统，钟南山于1955年考入北京医科大学。根据时间状语in 1955可知，应用一般过去时，且主语Zhong Nanshan和动词admit“准许……进入”为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was admitted。 4．考查介词。句意：许多人知道钟是一位著名的医生，但很少有人知道他曾经是一位杰出的运动员。结合句意可知，此处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 5．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他没有选择成为一名职业运动员，但他对运动的热爱从未减少。前后句意存在转折让步关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：多年的体育锻炼给了他健康的体魄，使他能够在医学领域继续前进。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填to continue。 7．考查副词。句意：钟的生命始终与他的病人和国家的发展紧密相连。此处修饰动词linked，应用副词closely“紧密地”，作状语。故填closely。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在非典爆发期间，他亲自检查了医院里每一位重病患者的口腔和喉咙，给他们安慰和力量与疾病作斗争。本句谓语为examined，此处应用非谓语动词，且he与give“给”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填giving。 9．考查名词。句意：在非典爆发期间，他亲自检查了医院里每一位重病患者的口腔和喉咙，给他们安慰和力量与疾病作斗争。此处与comfort是并列成分，应用名词strength“力量”，不可数名词，作直接宾语。故填strength。 10．考查冠词。句意：凭借专业的医疗技术和坚韧不拔的毅力，钟在这个艰难的时刻成为了一名英雄。此处泛指“一名英雄”，且hero以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Xu Beihong’s paintings best indicate his personality: patriotic, diligent and humanistic. Born in rural Yixing, Jiangsu province, he learned the basics of classic Chinese ink painting 11 his father, Xu Dazhang, 12 private school teacher who was skilled in painting, calligraphy and writing. After his father died. Xu mostly taught 13 (he) the oil painting, while he taught at primary schools in hometown. In 1915, he left the teaching job for Shanghai and made a living drawing 14 (illustrate) and commercial advertisements. His artistic talent was 15 (late) recognized by some well-known and 16 (respect) social figures, including Kang Youwei and Cai Yuanpei. Xu won a scholarship to study at the famous National High School of Fine Arts in Paris in 1919. He 17 (study) and travelled in Europe for almost a decade. There he was 18 (great) nurtured(熏陶) by the classic traditions of European art and culture, absorbing these element s into his works of traditional Chinese ink painting. The great painter lived most of his life during a chaotic time 19 his motherland experienced wars and his fellow Chinese suffered poverty, illness and social instability. In his paintings, he depleted(描绘) the pains of his nation and people while 20 (encourage) others to stand against these difficulties and never give up. 【答案】11．from 12．a 13．himself 14．illustrations 15．later 16．respected/respectable 17．studied 18．greatly 19．when 20．encouraging 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要简述了著名画家徐悲鸿的人生历程及其所取得的成就。 11．考查介词。句意：他出生于江苏宜兴农村，从他的父亲——徐达章——一位擅长绘画、书法和写作的私立学校教师那里学习了中国古典水墨画的基本知识。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法learn sth. from sb.意为“向某人学习某事”符合句意。故填from。 12．考查冠词。句意：他出生于江苏宜兴农村，从他的父亲——徐达章——一位擅长绘画、书法和写作的私立学校教师徐达章那里学习了中国古典水墨画的基本知识。分析句子结构可知，此空处所在的短语为同位语，对前面的名词Xu Dazhang解释说明，teacher为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，结合句意，此处表示“一位小学教师”，表泛指，所以使用不定冠词，private的第一个音素为辅音。故填a。 13．考查代词。句意：当他在家乡的小学教书的时候，徐悲鸿主要是自学绘画。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作宾语，结合句意，taught的主语和宾语为同一人物，所以此处应使用反身代词。故填himself。 14．考查名词。句意：1915年，他辞去教师职务，前往上海，以画插画和商业广告为生。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，illustrate的名词为illustration意为“插图”。且为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以此处应使用名词复数表泛指。故填illustrations。 15．考查副词。句意：他的艺术才华后来得到了包括康有为和蔡元培在内的一些知名和受人尊敬的社会人物的认可。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作时间状语，结合句意，此处表示“后来”应为later。故填later。 16．考查形容词。句意：他的艺术才华后来得到了包括康有为和蔡元培在内的一些知名和受人尊敬的社会人物的认可。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词social figures，结合句意可知，此处应为respected或者respectable意为“受到尊敬的”符合句意。故填respected/respectable。 17．考查谓语动词。句意：他在欧洲学习和旅行了近十年。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词travelled可知，此处应为一般过去时态，study与句子主语he之间为主动关系。故填studied。 18．考查副词。句意：在那里，他深受欧洲艺术和文化的经典传统的熏陶，并将这些元素融入到他的中国传统水墨画作品中。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词nurtured，great的副词为greatly意为“很，大大地”符合句意。故填greatly。 19．考查定语从句。句意：这位伟大的画家一生的大部分时间都生活在一个混乱的时代，他的祖国经历了战争，他的同胞遭受贫困、疾病和社会动荡。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词a chaotic time指的是时间。故填when。 20．考查状语从句的省略。句意：在他的画中，他耗尽了他的国家和人民的痛苦，同时鼓励其他人对抗这些困难，永不放弃。分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句的省略，时间状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词，省去了“主语+be”，所以解题时，需判断提示动词与句子主语之间的关系，该句中的encourage与主句中的主语he之间为主动关系，所以此处应使用现在分词形式。故填encouraging。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海·期末） Among various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene 21 (happen) in my first year of work, when I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment 22 I was deeply moved. I realized 23 marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. I took part in the Nike Women’s Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. The moment I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, 24 (allow) me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly. There were many times 25 I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, feeling sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended 26 (walk). A woman shouted at me: “Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You’re doing a great job.” I started to run again 27 powered by those words. And finally I made it. Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but 28 (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far 29 (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help 30 (they) achieve the results they expect — happily, conveniently and comfortably. 【答案】21．happened 22．that 23．what 24．allowing 25．when 26．to walk 27．and 28．become 29．more favorable 30．them 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者印象最深的是公司组织的一次马拉松比赛，由此也让作者明白了何谓马拉松精神，而作者也自己参加了马拉松比赛。 21．考查时态。句意：最难忘的一幕发生在我工作的第一年，一位80多岁的银发老人在两位护士的陪伴下慢慢走向终点线。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in my first year of work”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the most unforgettable scene”，单数，和动词happen之间为主动关系。故填happened。 22．考查强调句型。句意：就在那一刻，我被深深地打动了。这里为强调句型：it was…that…，强调时间状语at that moment。故填that。 23．考查宾语从句。句意：我意识到马拉松精神所代表的是毅力、意志力、自我证明和自我突破。这里为宾语从句的连接词，宾语从句中缺少宾语，表示物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：过桥的那一刻，对面的跑者用一种心照不宣的默契和我击掌，让我瞬间忘却了疲劳，恢复了活力。这里为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的“自然而然的、可预料的结果”，用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 25．考查定语从句。句意：有很多次我都想放弃。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为times，在从句中担当时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：在最后的500米，因为寒冷的风，我感到胃不舒服，我放慢了脚步，打算走。这里为非谓语动词担当intend的宾语，用动词不定式，构成短语：intend to do sth，意为“打算做某事”。故填to walk。 27．考查连词。句意：我又开始跑起来，被这句话激励着。空前“started to run again”和空后“powered by those words”之间为并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。 28．考查固定搭配。句意：因此，在组织比赛时，我不由得更加体谅跑步者。固定搭配：can’t help but do sth.意为“不由得做某事”。故填become。 29．考查比较级。句意：我希望创造一个更有利的跑步环境，提供更好的服务，帮助他们达到他们期望的结果——快乐、方便、舒适。根据下文的“offer better services”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填more favorable。 30．考查代词。句意：我希望创造一个更有利的跑步环境，提供更好的服务，帮助他们达到他们期望的结果——快乐、方便、舒适。根据空前的help可知，空处为宾语，用代词的宾格。故填them。 主题01 人与社会——文化传承与社会服务 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·安徽宣城·期末） Zibo barbecue 1 (be) a trending topic on Chinese social media platforms since early March. Mouth-watering images describe a typical Zibo barbecue 2 (name) after its place of origin, Zibo, a small industrial city in East China’s Shandong province. Zibo barbecue 3 (consist) of well-seasoned meat and vegetables wrapped in a pancake has dominated Weibo and Xiaohongshu, Chinese platforms similar to Twitter and Instagram. Zibo was hardly on anyone’s travel bucket list 4 it went viral. But thanks to a group of college students who documented 5 (they) Zibo barbecue trip on Douyin, the city’s delicious and 6 (afford) barbecue became a hit. The local government has jumped 7 the opportunity to take advantage of the city’s newfound fame and explore its tourism potential. Must-go restaurant maps were drawn up, and barbecue-themed high-speed train services and special bus routes were established 8 (make) the small city more accessible to tourists from all over the country. The city’s other attractions, such as the Haidai building, a 9 (beautiful) designed bookstore, also gained popularity due to visitors who want to make 10 most of their Zibo trip. 【答案】1．has been 2．named 3．consisting 4．before 5．their 6．affordable 7．at 8．to make 9．beautifully 10．the 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了淄博烧烤在中国社交媒体上意外走红，当地政府抓住机会发展旅游业和促进消费。 1．考查现在完成时。句意：自3月初以来，淄博烧烤一直是中国社交媒体平台上的热门话题。根据时间状语since early March可知，空处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作一直持续到现在。主谓一致，故填has been。 2．考查过去分词。句意：令人垂涎欲滴的图片描述了一种典型的淄博烧烤，以其原产地淄博命名，淄博是中国东部山东省的一个小工业城市。该句的谓语是describe，空处应用非谓语动词，name与名词barbecue之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。 3．考查现在分词。句意：淄博烧烤是将调味好的肉和蔬菜包在煎饼里，在微博和小红书(类似于Twitter和Instagram的中国平台)上占据了主导地位。该句的谓语是has dominated，空处应用非谓语动词，consist与名词barbecue之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。 4．考查连词。句意：在淄博走红之前，它几乎没有出现在任何人的旅游愿望清单上。根据句意可知，后文发生在前文之前，空处应用表示“在...之前”的连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 5．考查物主代词。句意：但由于一群大学生在抖音上记录了他们的淄博烧烤之旅，这个城市美味实惠的烧烤成为了热门。限定后文名词 trip应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 6．考查形容词。句意：但由于一群大学生在抖音上记录了他们的淄博烧烤之旅，这个城市美味实惠的烧烤成为了热门。由空处前delicious and可知，and前后是并列的形容词，作定语，修饰名词。故填affordable。 7．考查介词。句意：当地政府抓住了这个机会，利用这座城市新获得的名声，探索其旅游潜力。jump at the opportunity“抓住机会”为固定搭配。故填at。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：绘制了必去餐厅的地图，并建立了以烧烤为主题的高铁服务和专门的公交路线，以使来自全国各地的游客更容易到达这座小城市。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填to make。 9．考查副词。句意：这座城市的其他景点，如设计精美的书店海岱楼，也因想充分利用淄博之旅的游客而广受欢迎。修饰动词的过去分词designed用副词。故填beautifully。 10．考查冠词。句意：这座城市的其他景点，如设计精美的书店海岱楼，也因想充分利用淄博之旅的游客而广受欢迎。make the most of... “充分利用……”为固定搭配，最高级前用定冠词。故填the。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·上海奉贤·期末） Italian astronaut shows beauty of ancient Chinese composition in space Besides “Wow” and “Great,” what else would you say 11 flying over the Earth in space? Samantha Cristoforetti, the first Italian female astronaut in space, posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on Twitter 12 (share) her joy. She first wrote in Chinese, and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English 13 more people could understand the Chinese composition. She also attached three photos taken in space of China’s Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing, the country’s capital. 14 the first Italian female astronaut in space, Cristoforetti carried out her first space mission on Nov. 23, 2014. She started the second mission in April and returned to Earth on Friday night after a 127-day long stay in orbit. Cristoforetti has been active in Sino-European cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight. She was a working group member 15 (task) with keeping in touch with Chinese counterparts to define and implement cooperation in the field of astronaut operations. In 2017, she took part in a sea survival exercise organized by the Astronaut Center of China in the Yellow Sea, 16 was the first joint training of Chinese and foreign astronauts in China. An agreement 17 (sign) in 2015 between China and Europe on cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight, specifying the participation of China and Europe in each other’s astronaut training activities. 18 (speak) clear Chinese, Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe 19 (work) very well together in the field of astronaut training during the joint training. She joined the Italian Air Force in 2001 and 20 (accumulate) more than 500 hours of flight experience. In May 2009, Cristoforetti was one of the six chosen from 8,000 European applicants to join the ESA astronaut corps. 【答案】11．when/while 12．to share 13．so that 14．As 15．tasked 16．which 17．was signed 18．Speaking 19．were working/worked 20．had accumulated 【导语】本文是篇说明文。第一位意大利女宇航员Samantha Cristoforetti在推特上发布了一首著名的中国古诗来分享自己在太空中飞越地球时的喜悦，并附上了意大利语和英语的翻译，以便让更多的人能够理解。文章介绍了这位女宇航员的工作经历，以及她在中欧载人航天领域合作方面所做出的成绩。 11．考查从属连词。句意：除了“哇”和“太棒了”，在太空中飞越地球上空时你还会说什么?分析句子可知，此处应用从属连词，后接动词的现在分词，作状语；由句意可知，表示“当……时候”，可用连词when或while。故填when/while。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：第一位进入太空的意大利女宇航员Samantha Cristoforetti在推特上发布了几行著名的中国古文来分享她的喜悦。由句中谓语动词“posted”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，与“Samantha Cristoforetti”形成主动关系，表示发布古诗的目的，作目的状语，故应用动词不定式。故填to share。 13．考查从属连词。句意：她首先用中文写，然后附上了准确的意大利语和英语翻译，以便更多人能够理解中国古文。分析句子可知，此处应为从属连词，引导状语从句；根据句意，表示“为了、以便”，故应用从属连词so that，引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 14．考查介词。句意：作为首个进入太空的意大利女宇航员，Cristoforetti于2014年11月23日执行了她的第一次太空任务。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，后接名词短语“the first Italian female astronaut ”，在句中作状语；根据句意可知，应表示“作为”，故用介词as，首字母大写。故填As。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一个工作组成员，负责与中国同行保持联系，以确定和实施宇航员行动领域的合作。由句中系动词“was”可知，task应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“a working group member”，并与其形成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填tasked。 16．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：2017年，她参加了中国航天员中心在黄海组织的海上生存演习，这是中外航天员在中国的首次联合训练。分析句子可知，此处应为关系词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a sea survival exercise”，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 17．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2015年，中欧签署了载人航天领域的合作协议，明确了中国和欧洲参与彼此的宇航员培训活动。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，由“in 2015”可知，应用一般过去时；主语为“An agreement”，与“sign”之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was signed。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：说着清晰的中文，Cristoforetti曾对媒体表示，此次联合训练中，中欧团队在航天员训练领域合作非常好。根据句中谓语动词“told”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，与主语“Cristoforetti”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式；句首第一个字母大写。故填Speaking。 19．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：说着清晰的中文，Cristoforetti曾对媒体表示，此次联合训练中，中欧团队在航天员训练领域合作非常好。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据句中“told”及句意可知，应用过去进行时或一般过去时，表示“正在合作”或“已合作”得非常好；主语是“the teams”，所以在过去进行时中谓语动词应用复数。故填were working/worked。 20．考查动词时态。句意：她于2001年加入意大利空军，之前已积累了超过500小时的飞行经验。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据“joined”及事实可知，Cristoforetti在加入空军之前就已积累了超过500小时的飞行经验，故应用过去完成时。故填had accumulated。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期末） Most of us haven’t been taught how to apologize. That’s 21 it is critical to get it right. A good apology is an opportunity for us to take clear and direct responsibility for 22 (we) wrongdoing without blaming, or making excuses. It meets the moment, 23 (help) heal and transforms our relationships. When you’re apologizing for something, it’s critical to show true sorrow and regret. It feels 24 (comfortable) to not be in control of the outcome, but it is also courageous. Keep your apology short. Over-apologizing shifts the focus away from the person who needs to be attended 25 and makes the apology about you. Your attention when apologizing should be on the impact of your words or deeds, not on your 26 (intend). It’s not the two words “I’m sorry” 27 heal the injury. The hurt party wants to know that we really get it, and that we know their 28 (feeling) and care. An apology isn’t the only chance you ever get to address the underlying issue. The apology is the chance you get to establish the ground for future communication. When 29 (do) with attention and care, it can be a base for 30 (great) understanding and deeper connection. 【答案】21．why 22．our 23．helps 24．uncomfortable 25．to 26．intention/intentions 27．that 28．feelings 29．done 30．greater 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了道歉的重要性、道歉的方法以及道歉的作用。 21．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么把它做好是至关重要的。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句。根据前文“Most of us haven’t been taught how to apologize.(我们大多数人都没有学会如何道歉。)”可知，把它做好非常重要的原因是大多数人都没有学会如何道歉，所以空处应用连接副词why(为什么，……的原因)引导表语从句，在句中作原因状语。故填why。 22．考查代词。句意：一个好的道歉是一个机会，让我们对自己的不当行为承担明确和直接的责任，而不必指责或找借口。空处应用形容词性物主代词our，作定语修饰wrongdoing。故填our。 23．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它满足了当下、帮助治愈和改变我们的关系。and连接三个并列的谓语。根据句中的meets和transforms可知，空处应用helps，表示一般现在时，且主语是it，谓语用单数形式。故填helps。 24．考查形容词。句意：不能控制结果让人感到不舒服，但这也是勇敢的。根据空后的“to not be in control of the outcome”可知，不能控制结果会让人感到不舒服。uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”。故填uncomfortable。 25．考查介词。句意：过度道歉会把注意力从需要应对的人身上转移开，并使得道歉关于你。attend to意为“处理，照料”。故填to。 26．考查名词。句意：道歉时，你的注意力应该放在你的言行的影响上，而不是你的意图上。根据空前的your，空处应用名词。intention意为“打算，意图”，既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。作可数名词时，这里应和前面的words和deeds对应，应用名词复数。故填intention/intentions。 27．考查强调句。句意：治愈伤痛的不是“对不起”这两个字。分析句子结构，去掉It’s和that，句子结构和意思均完整，所以这里是强调句，且被强调部分是主语not the two words “I’m sorry”，所以应用that连接。故填that。 28．考查名词的数。句意：受伤的一方想知道我们真的明白了，我们知道他们的感受并且关心。feeling意为“感受”，为可数名词。这里泛指他们的感情，表示复数，所以应用复数形式。故填feelings。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果用心和细心，它可以成为更多理解和更深联系的基础。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词，或者it+be动词。结合句意，分析子可知，“When 　　　　(do) with attention and care”是时间状语从句，原句为“When it is done with attention and care”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略it is后，应保留过去分词done。故填done。 30．考查形容词比较级。句意参考上题。根据and后的deeper connection，and连接的是并列结构，表达应当一致，所以这里应用great的比较级greater。故填greater。 主题02 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·期末） Sharifkhuja has loved Chinese movies and culture since childhood. His father is also a huge fan of China. Before his 1 (graduate) from high school, Sharifkhuja’s father thought that his son was an 2 (ambition) person and suggested that he go to China to learn Chinese in the future. Having studied Chinese for two years in Tajikistan, Sharifkhuja finally came to China 3 (pursue) his dream. Up to now, Chinese language and calligraphy 4 (become) part of his life. In his first calligraphy class, Sharifkhuja said that writing with brushes was 5 amazing experience, which could help him feel the spirit of Chinese culture. Besides, 6 he enjoys most is traditional Chinese music. Sharifkhuja is willing to share his experience in China with 7 (he) family and friends and introduce Tajik culture to his Chinese pals. Having stayed in China for many years, he hopes to work in the embassy (大使馆) 8 a cultural ambassador between the two countries. Meanwhile, he also plans to return home as a Chinese teacher because 9 (use) the skills he acquired in China to improve the education of his motherland is one of his dreams. However, no matter what Sharifkhuja chooses, his future will be 10 (close) related to Chinese. 【答案】1．graduation 2．ambitious 3．to pursue 4．have become 5．an 6．what 7．his 8．as 9．using 10．closely 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名外国学生(Sharifkhuja)来中国学习中国传统文化并弘扬中国传统文化的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：高中毕业前，Sharifkhuja的父亲认为儿子是一个有志向的人，建议他将来去中国学习汉语。空前有形容词性物主代词his，此处应用名词graduation。故填graduation。 2．考查形容词。句意：高中毕业前，Sharifkhuja的父亲认为儿子是一个有志向的人，建议他将来去中国学习汉语。此处修饰名词person，应用形容词ambitious“有抱负的”，作定语。故填ambitious。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在塔吉克斯坦学习了两年汉语后，沙里夫库贾终于来到了中国追求他的梦想。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to pursue。 4．考查动词时态。句意：至今，中国语言和书法已经成为他生活的一部分。根据空前的时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语Chineselanguage and calligraphy是复数，助动词使用have。故填have become。 5．考查冠词。句意：在第一堂书法课上，沙里夫库贾表示，用毛笔写字是一种奇妙的体验，可以让他感受到中国文化的精神。此处泛指“一种奇妙的体验”，应用不定冠词，且amazing以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 6．考查主语从句。句意：此外，他最喜欢的是中国传统音乐。此处引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，表示“他最喜欢的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7．考查代词。句意：沙里夫库贾愿意与他的家人和朋友分享他在中国的经历，并向中国朋友介绍塔吉克斯坦文化。此处修饰名词family and fiiends，应用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 8．考查介词。句意：在中国呆了很多年的他希望能够在大使馆工作，成为两国之间的文化大使。固定搭work...as...“担任工作”。故填as。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，他还计划回国当一名汉语教师，因为用在中国学到的技能来改善祖国的教育是他的梦想之一。because后面从句已有谓语is，此处缺少主语，应用动名词，表经常性动作。故填using。 10．考查副词。句意：然而，无论Sharifkhuja如何选择，他的未来都将与汉语密切相关。此处修饰形容词related，应用副词closely“（联系）紧密地”，作状语。故填closely。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·期末） When Chinese people think about romantic poets, Li Bai’s name probably springs to their mind. With his extraordinary imagination, free expression of strong feelings 11 mastery of language, Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. Li Bai’s romantic style was deeply rooted in his love of reading and travelling from a young age  Reading books of all kinds, he familiarized 12 (he) with classic al Chinese culture, and acquired the 13 (wise) of previous generations. Besides, a burning desire for adventure and travel 14 (drive) him to visit famous mountains and great rivers almost around the whole country, enabling him to encounter different customs and practices. The social and historical context 15 Li Bai lived also contributed to his romantic style. It was the most glorious period of the Tang Dynasty, 16 time of economic boom and social stability, 17 (create) an open and tolerant atmosphere. This allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality, which, in turn, had a huge impact on his poetic 18 (produce). Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt 19 his inspirational poems. Today, Li Bai’s poetry continues 20 (enjoy) by countless readers around the world. 【答案】11．and 12．himself 13．wisdom 14．drove 15．where 16．a 17．creating 18．production 19．to 20．to be enjoyed/being enjoyed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗人李白的伟大成就，以及他取得这些成就的原因。 11．考查连词。句意：李白以其非凡的想象力，自由表达强烈的情感和对语言的掌握，被公认为是继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。根据句意可知，此处为and表示“和，以及”连接前后两个名词，保持并列关系，满足句意要求。故填and。 12．考查代词。句意：李白的浪漫风格深深植根于他从小对阅读和旅行的热爱。他阅读了各种各样的书籍，熟悉了中国古典文化，获得了前人的智慧。根据句意可知，此处表示“使他自己熟悉”，故用反身代词himself。故填himself。 13．考查名词。句意：李白的浪漫风格深深植根于他从小对阅读和旅行的热爱。他阅读了各种各样的书籍，熟悉了中国古典文化，获得了前人的智慧。由空前the定冠词可知，此处为名词形式，wisdom为不可数名词，故填wisdom。 14．考查动词时态。句意：此外，对冒险和旅行的强烈渴望驱使他走遍几乎全国的名山大川，使他接触到不同的风土人情。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填drove。 15．考查定语从句。句意：李白所处的社会和历史背景也影响了他的浪漫主义风格。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词The social and historical context在从句中作抽象地点状语。故填where。 16．考查冠词。句意：这是唐朝最辉煌的时期，经济繁荣，社会稳定，创造了一个开放和宽容的氛围。此处time为可数名词，表示泛指，且time的发音以辅音音素开头，所以此处为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是唐朝最辉煌的时期，经济繁荣，社会稳定，创造了一个开放和宽容的氛围。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，create和逻辑主语It为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填creating。 18．考查名词。句意：这给了李白自由发展的自由和不受约束的个性，这反过来又对他的诗歌创作产生了巨大的影响。由空前his为形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词形式，构成名词短语poetic production“诗歌创作”，表抽象意义，不可数。故填production。 19．考查介词。句意：他的鼓舞人心的诗歌，深受国内外一代又一代诗人的喜爱。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语owe a debt to…意为“对……有所责任”，所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。 20．考查动词短语和被动语态。句意：今天，李白的诗歌继续受到世界各地无数读者的喜爱。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语continue to do/continue doing“继续做某事”，满足句意要求，结合poetry和enjoy为被动关系，所以为被动语态结构，故分别为不定式的被动语态以及动名词的被动语态结构。故填to be enjoyed/being enjoyed。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·重庆·期末） An International Business “Made in China” Dominik, a 34-year-old Polish man, founded his own international logistics (物流) company Hao Duo Huo — meaning “lots of goods” in Chinese — in Wuhan, Hubei province. “The first time I came to China was in 1997,” said Dominik. “Seeing the abundant opportunities in China, I decided to have my university education here.” 21 (influence) by his parents, Dominik chose to study international trade in Wuhan in 2009. After 22 (complete) his undergraduate studies, Dominik went to Shenzhen to begin a career in trade. It was there that he first encountered the field 23 logistics. “Poland is an important transit (中转) country for the China-Europe Railway Express, and Poland’s logistics system has been developing. I should seize such a good opportunity,” said Dominik as he 24 (mention) the reasons to start his own business. In April 2021, he 25 (formal) established Hao Duo Huo in Wuhan, a city with 26 good geographical position. Not only is it one of the starting 27 (point) for the China-Europe Railway Express, but it’s also home to many universities that can supply high-quality talent. Explaining 28 he chose this business name, Dominik shared two main reasons: “The first is that I want my company 29 (have) lots of goods to sell. And second, China offers many quality products, and I want to deliver 30 (they) to every corner of the world, spreading joy and convenience to more people.” 【答案】21．Influenced 22．completing 23．of 24．mentioned 25．formally 26．a 27．points 28．why 29．to have 30．them 【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章讲述了34岁的波兰人多米尼克在武汉创办自己的国际物流公司“好多活”的事情。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：在父母的影响下，多米尼克于2009年选择在武汉学习国际贸易。分析句子可知，“(influence) by his parents”在句中作原因状语，influence(影响)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Dominik之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Influenced。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：完成本科学业后，多米尼克前往深圳开始了他的贸易生涯。介词After后用动名词作宾语。故填completing。 23．考查介词。句意：正是在那里，他第一次接触到了物流领域。表示所属关系，用介词of，意为“……的”；field of logistics“物流领域”。故填of。 24．考查时态语态。句意：“波兰是中欧班列的重要过境国，波兰的物流体系一直在发展。我应该抓住这样一个好机会，”多米尼克在谈到自己创业的原因时说。分析句子可知，mention(提到，谈到)是从句中谓语动词，与主语he之间是主动关系，根据主句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填mentioned。 25．考查副词。句意：2021年4月，他在地理位置优越的武汉正式创办“好多活”。提示词修饰动词established，用副词formally作状语，意为“正式地”。故填formally。 26．考查冠词。句意：2021年4月，他在地理位置优越的武汉正式创办“好多活”。可数名词position在句中表示“一个(优越的)位置”，泛指，good发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 27．考查名词复数。句意：它不仅是中欧班列的起点之一，也是许多大学的所在地，可以提供高素质的人才。“one of+复数名词”是固定短语，意为“……之一”。故填points。 28．考查宾语从句。句意：在解释为什么选择这个公司名称时，多米尼克分享了两个主要原因：“首先，我希望我的公司有很多商品可以出售。其次，中国提供了许多优质产品，我想把它们送到世界的每个角落，把快乐和便利带给更多的人。”。分析句子可知，“ he chose this business name”是宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，结合句意，表示“为什么选择这个公司名称”，用连接副词why引导该从句，并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：在解释为什么选择这个公司名称时，多米尼克分享了两个主要原因：“首先，我希望我的公司有很多商品可以出售。其次，中国提供了许多优质产品，我想把它们送到世界的每个角落，把快乐和便利带给更多的人。”want sb./sth. to do...是固定搭配，意为“想要……做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to have。 30．考查代词。句意：在解释为什么选择这个公司名称时，多米尼克分享了两个主要原因：“首先，我希望我的公司有很多商品可以出售。其次，中国提供了许多优质产品，我想把它们送到世界的每个角落，把快乐和便利带给更多的人。”提示词作宾语，用宾格代词them。故填them。 主题03 人与自然——生物多样性与太空探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） Yang Chunlin, a shutterbug (摄影迷) in Qinghai Province, visits a wetland bordering the Yellow River every October to meet his long-acquainted friends: whooper swans, the number of 1 jumped to over 100 from 30-plus when he first came to the area. “The wetland provides 2 ideal living environment for whooper swans. The beautiful ‘swan lake’ has become a place for photography lovers 3 (hang) about,” Yang said. Known as the “kidneys of the Earth,” wetlands can help safeguard biodiversity and cope 4 climate change. China’s wetlands conservation efforts have illustrated its genuine 5 (commit) to ensuring harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. During the ongoing 14th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (COP14), 6 (hold) in Wuhan and Switzerland’s Geneva, China called for enhancing people’s well-being 7 (global) by leveraging (利用) the role of wetlands in promoting 8 (sustain) development, tackling climate change, protecting biodiversity, and delivering more benefits to people around the world. “Through a series of ecological protection actions, China 9 (demonstrate) the positive role of wetlands conservation in improving the living environment of humans, contributing more wisdom and solutions to 10 (build) a community of all life on Earth,” said Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University. 【答案】1．which 2．an 3．to hang 4．with 5．commitment 6．held 7．globally 8．sustainable 9．has demonstrated 10．building 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国致力于湿地保护，致力于人与自然和谐相处，中国呼吁发挥湿地在促进可持续发展、应对气候变化、保护生物多样性方面的作用，增进全球人民福祉，让世界各国人民更多受益。 1．考查定语从句。句意：来自青海省的摄影爱好者杨春林每年10月都会去黄河边的湿地，见见他的老朋友：大天鹅。当他第一次来到这里时，大天鹅的数量已经从30多只增加到了100多只。介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词whooper swans，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 2．考查冠词。句意：湿地为大天鹅提供了理想的生活环境。此处environment为泛指，且ideal是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：美丽的‘天鹅湖’已经成为摄影爱好者闲逛的地方。此处不定式作后置定语修饰place。故填to hang。 4．考查介词。句意：湿地被称为“地球之肾”，可以帮助保护生物多样性，应对气候变化。短语cope with表示“应对”。故填with。 5．考查名词。句意：中国的湿地保护工作表明，中国致力于人与自然和谐相处。作动词的宾语，应用名词commitment。故填commitment。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在武汉和瑞士日内瓦举行的《拉姆萨尔湿地公约》第14次缔约方大会上，中国呼吁发挥湿地在促进可持续发展、应对气候变化、保护生物多样性方面的作用，增进全球人民福祉，让世界各国人民更多受益。此处hold与the ongoing 14th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (COP14)构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。故填held。 7．考查副词。句意：在武汉和瑞士日内瓦举行的《拉姆萨尔湿地公约》第14次缔约方大会上，中国呼吁发挥湿地在促进可持续发展、应对气候变化、保护生物多样性方面的作用，增进全球人民福祉，让世界各国人民更多受益。修饰动词enhancing应用副词globally。故填globally。 8．考查形容词。句意：在武汉和瑞士日内瓦举行的《拉姆萨尔湿地公约》第14次缔约方大会上，中国呼吁发挥湿地在促进可持续发展、应对气候变化、保护生物多样性方面的作用，增进全球人民福祉，让世界各国人民更多受益。修饰名词应用形容词sustainable作定语。故填sustainable。 9．考查时态。句意：北京林业大学教授雷光春表示：“通过一系列生态保护行动，中国展示了湿地保护在改善人类生存环境方面的积极作用，为建设地球上所有生命的社区贡献了更多的智慧和解决方案。”此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has demonstrated。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：北京林业大学教授雷光春表示：“通过一系列生态保护行动，中国展示了湿地保护在改善人类生存环境方面的积极作用，为建设地球上所有生命的社区贡献了更多的智慧和解决方案。”作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填building。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北衡水·期末） Stefano Boeri Architetti, an advocate of greenery-covered architecture, had revealed 11 (it) design for a stadium in Milan, Italy. The ambitious project would be filled with thousands of plants and trees that would absorb tons of CO2 per year. The project 12 (name) the International Forest Stadium and is intended to replace Milan’s San Siro Stadium and it would form part of a much 13 (large) master plan. The interior (内部的) design would be specially arranged 14 an attempt to make navigation (导航）easy. A tower would offer museum space dedicated (投入) to both football clubs, plus historical information on 15 previous stadium. The project would also involve the construction of some public 16 (facility), such as a running track land gyms and a shopping mall. All of these would be surrounded by lots of greenery, 17 (offer) a park-like atmosphere throughout. There will be 56,300 shrubs (灌木) of 70 different species, 18 are expected to absorb 162 tons of CO2 every year. 19 (additional), a solar panel array (面板阵列) would be set up 20 (reduce) the stadium’s energy consumption. Steps would also be taken to minimize water use. 【答案】11．its 12．is named 13．larger 14．in 15．the 16．facilities 17．offering 18．which 19．Additionally 20．to reduce 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Stefano Boeri Architetti设计的米兰国际森林体育场项目，强调其环保特色及公共设施规划。 11．考查代词。句意：倡导绿化覆盖建筑的Stefano Boeri Architetti公布了其在意大利米兰的一个体育场的设计。根据空后design可知，空处修饰名词design，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 12．考查时态和语态。句意：该项目被命名为国际森林体育场，旨在取代米兰的圣西罗体育场，并将成为更大总体规划的一部分。空处作谓语，根据后文and is intended to可知，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语The project和name之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The project为单数，be动词应用is。故填is named。 13．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据空前much和空后master plan可知，空处应用形容词large的比较级larger作定语，表示“更大的”。故填larger。 14．考查介词。句意：内部设计将进行特别安排，以试图使导航容易。in an attempt to do sth.为固定短语，表示“试图做某事”。故填in。 15．考查冠词。句意：一座塔楼将提供博物馆空间，专门用于两个足球俱乐部，以及先前体育场的历史信息。根据空后previous stadium可知，此处特指先前的体育场，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 16．考查名词复数。句意：该项目还将涉及一些公共设施的建设，如跑道、健身房和购物中心。根据空前some可知，空处应用名词复数形式facilities，表示“设施”。故填facilities。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些都将被大量的绿色植物所包围，营造出一种公园般的氛围。would be surrounded是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词作状语，且offer和逻辑主语All of these之间为主动关系，应用现在分词offering。故填offering。 18．考查定语从句。句意：将有56300株70个不同品种的灌木，预计每年将吸收162吨二氧化碳。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为56,300 shrubs，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 19．考查副词。句意：此外，还将安装太阳能电池板阵列，以减少体育场的能源消耗。空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词additionally，表示“此外”，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Additionally。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，表示“为了减少”，应用动词不定式to reduce。故填to reduce。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东烟台·期末） Saihanba, 21 is situated in North China's Hebei Province, is a miracle as it has been transformed from wasteland to thick forest through the extraordinary efforts of three generations of Chinese people. Saihanba was home to plentiful forest resources and high biodiversity 400 years ago. With a cool summer and green vegetation, the area 22 (set) to be a royal retreat. However, massive deforestation destroyed the forest barrier, eventually turning it into a desert and resulting 23 frequent occurrences of sandstorms. To prevent sandstorms which kept 24 (strike) Beijing, the Forestry Administration decided in 1962 25 (establish)the Saihanba Forest Farm, and sent 369 foresters, mostly in their 20s, to the area for tree planting. The first foresters faced multiple challenges. 26 (equip) with only the simplest tools in extreme coldness and drought, they were unable to ensure the 27 (survive) of trees planted. Nevertheless, with joint efforts of three generations, Saihanba was restored and turned back into a paradise with a forest coverage raised from 11.4 percent to 80 percent, which can 28 (effective) conserve and purify (净化) 137 million cubic meters of water every year. The ground-breaking planting story of the foresters gives rise to 29 concept of the Saihanba Spirit, defined as working hard, advancing against difficulties and innovating daringly. As one of the largest man-made plantations worldwide, the Saihanba Afforestation Community won the honor of Champions of the Earth for their 30 (remark) green achievements. 【答案】21．which 22．was set 23．in 24．striking 25．to establish 26．Equipped 27．survival 28．effectively 29．the 30．remarkable 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了塞罕坝的发展变化。塞罕坝坐落于中国河北省北部，是荒原变成森林的奇迹。 21．考查定语从句。句意：塞罕坝位于中国北部的河北省，是一个奇迹，经过三代中国人的非凡努力，它从荒地变成了茂密的森林。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Saihanba”，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词“which”。故填which。 22．考查动词时态和语态。句意：凉爽的夏季和绿色的植被，该地区被设定为皇家度假胜地。根据“400 years ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“the area”与“set”之间是被动关系，即这个地区被设为皇家休养地，“set”的过去分词是“set”，一般过去时的被动语态结构是 “was/were + 过去分词”，主语“the area”是单数，所以用“was set”。故填was set。 23．考查固定短语。句意：然而，大规模的森林砍伐破坏了森林屏障，最终将其变成了沙漠，导致沙尘暴频繁发生。“result in”是固定短语，意为“导致”。故填in。 24．考查动名词。句意：为了防止沙尘暴不断袭击北京，林业局于1962年决定建立塞罕坝林场，并派遣了369名20多岁的护林员到该地区植树。“keep doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“一直做某事”，所以“strike”要用动名词形式“striking”。故填striking。 25．考查动词不定式。句意：为了防止沙尘暴不断袭击北京，林业局于1962年决定建立塞罕坝林场，并派遣了369名20多岁的护林员到该地区植树。“decide to do sth.”是固定短语，意为 “决定做某事”，所以“establish” 要用动词不定式形式“to establish”。故填to establish。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：在极端的寒冷和干旱中，他们只配备了最简单的工具，无法确保种植的树木存活。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作原因状语，逻辑主语“they”与“equip”之间是被动关系，表示“他们被配备了最简单的工具”，所以用过去分词“Equipped”。故填Equipped。 27．考查名词。句意：在极端的寒冷和干旱中，他们只配备了最简单的工具，无法确保种植的树木存活。由空前定冠词the可知，这里需要一个名词，“survive”的名词形式是“survival”，意为“生存；存活”。故填survival。 28．考查副词。句意：然而，在三代人的共同努力下，塞罕坝恢复原状，恢复了人间天堂的面貌，森林覆盖率从11.4%提高到80%，年有效涵养净化水1.37亿立方米。由副词修饰动词可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词 “conserve and purify”，“effective” 的副词形式是 “effectively”，意为“有效地”。故填effectively。 29．考查冠词。句意：林工们开创性的植树故事，孕育了塞罕坝精神的概念，即艰苦奋斗、迎难而进、大胆创新。根据句意可知，这里特指“塞罕坝精神”的概念，所以用定冠词“the”。故填the。 30．考查形容词。句意：作为世界上最大的人工人工林之一，塞罕坝造林社区因其卓越的绿色成就获得了“地球卫士”的荣誉。根据句意可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词“achievements”，“remark”的形容词形式是 “remarkable”，意为“非凡的；显著的”。故填remarkable。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 语法填空 主题01 人与自然——环境保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·湖北武汉·期末） SMALL WASTE, BIG PROBLEM Many of us might not give a second thought to 1 (drop) a small piece of litter. After all, if it is so small, it cannot possibly be that harmful, can it? In today’s world, the answer is certainly “Yes it can!” 2 the growing use of plastic bags and the rising number of smokers, there is more litter being produced than ever before. Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Worldwide, about 4.3 trillion cigarette butts 3 (litter) every year. As well as spoiling the beauty of the environment, they contain toxic 4 (chemical). These find their way into the water supply where they affect water quality 5 endanger plants and animals. Cigarette butts can take up to 25 years to break down. So, if people have an urge 6 (smoke), they should dispose of the butts properly in 7 rubbish bin. Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is dangerous to the environment. 8 (blow) by wind, they can float and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers, parks, beaches, and oceans. They can last for hundreds of years in the environment. We should not let plastic bags become litter. We should use 9 (few) plastic bags, and reuse and recycle 10 we have already used. Passage 2 （24-25 高二上·上海・期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Throughout the world, only 15% of the materials that are used to make clothing is properly recycled, according to the Alle SacArthur Club, an organization in Liverpool, UK, that boosts the circular economy. Most clothing waste—an 11 (estimate) 82 million tonnes from the fashion industry alone-produced every year ends up buried or burnt. 12 (handle) all that waste, methods to recover and reuse the material are intended as an active response to the future risks by researchers and start-up companies. Much of their focus is on chemical recycling, 13 the material is broken down into its building blocks and applied to create new materials, including fibres that 14 (weave) into new clothes. The challenges lie in 15 (develop) the processes for such treatment. They have to be practical, but they also have to be at least as cost-effective as simply making new fibres. 16 the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres. They are derived from wood-pulp cellulose and may be used to produce materials such as viscose (rayon) and a similar material called lyocell. A change in the manufacturing process is being applied to the textile-waste problem by Essen, a start-up in Seattle, Washington. 17 the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. It has also adjusted the process to produce a fibre that the firm’s co-founder and president Christo Stan says is superior to 18 other cellulose and cotton, and that can be recycled more times. Although there are abundant technical challenges, the main barrier 19 widespread textile recycling could be economic, says materials engineer Lijiang Jiang at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. “Most of the materials are not that invaluable,” Jiang says. So cheap it is to produce polyester, cotton and other fabrics 20 there’s little profit margin unless the recycling processes themselves are very inexpensive. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·河北邢台·期末） With global events like the UN Climate Change Conference 21 (bring) sustainability (可持续性) into public focus, readers are expecting libraries to introduce more sustainable 22 (measure). They try to reduce their electricity usage and buy equipment from providers 23 are struggling to protect the environment. So far, 24 number of the libraries that have already taken steps to reduce their carbon footprint has been increasing. Devices like monitoring tools can 25 (apply) to identify areas of a library that are frequently unoccupied. The Jean Anderson Morgan Student Center, for example, is taking advantage 26 the tools throughout its library study rooms. Up till now, 27 (significance) improvements have been made in reducing its energy usage. Bulb costs have 28 (obvious) declined, with fewer replacements needed in low occupancy areas. Fixing automated equipment that runs on minimal electrical power is libraries’ another effort 29 (operate) more sustainably. Sophisticated self-service machines are now able to 30 (simple) the process of loaning and returning books without causing a big increase in a library’s electricity bill. 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期末）In Chinese societies, gifts are given during holidays, birthdays, official business meetings, and at special events like dinner 1 a friend’s home. In China, gifts can be wrapped with wrapping paper and bows, just like gifts in the West. However, the 2 (color) to be used are not chosen 3 (random). Red means good luck. Pink and yellow symbolize happiness. Gold is for fortune and wealth. So wrapping gifts in these colors is best. Avoid white, 4 is used in funerals and symbolizes death. Black and blue also symbolize death and should not be used. If you are giving a red envelope, there are a few points 5 (remember). Unlike a Western greeting card, generally speaking, red envelopes 6 (give) at Chinese New Year are left unsigned. For birthdays or weddings, a short message, typically a four-character 7 (express), and signature are optional. Some short messages are appropriate for a wedding, a birthday party or a housewarming. When giving a gift, you 8 (shall) hand the gift to the person with both hands to show respect since the gift 9 (consider) an extension of the person. When receiving a gift, also accept it with both hands 10 say thank you. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川自贡·期末） The closing ceremony of “Chinese Culture Meets Students in Sri Lanka” and the award ceremony of the “China Through My Eyes” event were 11 (successful) held in Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka on Nov 7. Forty-eight Sri Lankan primary and secondary school students were awarded prizes 12 essay writing, calligraphy, paper cutting and painting competitions. The series of activities began in May at 11 Sri Lankan primary and secondary schools, 13 (display) traditional Chinese culture. The friendship between Sri Lanka 14 China is long-standing and the event provided 15 (opportunity) for Sri Lankan students to understand China and Chinese culture, which is 16 (benefit) to promoting cultural exchange and mutual understanding between the two countries. Ji Lili, advisor of the Chinese embassy (大使馆) in Sri Lanka, says the friendship between the two countries 17 (grow) stronger in recent years through expanding and deepening exchanges and cooperation in various fields. “I hope all the students 18 participated in the cultural events will continue to study hard and make contributions to the friendly exchanges between our two nations,” says Ji. “China is one of the 19 (big) countries in the world, with a variety of arts and cultures,” says a student 20 (name) Imashi Kawya Dasanayaka. “My dream is to study and travel in China. I’m one step closer to my dream.” Passage 3 （24-25高二上·陕西西安·期末） Some students at a primary school organized an activity to raise money for the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCA). Due to their efforts, they eventually managed 21 (raise) 3, 500 in total. The students, together with their parents and teachers, then went to 22 supermarket to buy things to donate to the non-profit 23 (organize). They bought items 24 (list)on the SPCA’s wish list and filled up nine carts with kitty litter, bird food, paper towels, dog 25 (toy), etc. However, when the teacher Mrs. Carneiro was paying for the remaining items, she found that the school’s credit card 26 (refuse) as the amount charged was above the card limit. Unfortunately, Mrs. Carneiro didn’t take her wallet. And the parents were outside 27 (load) the items into the car. To her surprise, after seeing her problem, the kindhearted cashier Phyllis Collins 28 (generous) offered to use her own credit card to pay for $648 worth of items. They were all touched by Phyllis’ kindness and returned the money to Phyllis later that day. When asked 29 she did that, Phyllis said that she wanted to contribute 30 the children’s initiative. 主题03 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期末） Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Central Hospital in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Zhong 1 (grow) up in a family of doctors, 2 father was a well-known pediatrician (儿科医生). Following  the  family  tradition, Zhong Nanshan 3 (admit) to Beijing Medical University in 1955. Many people know Zhong 4 a famous doctor, but few know that he was once an outstanding athlete. 5 he didn’t choose to be a professional athlete, his love for sports never reduced. Despite his busy schedule, he works out three or four times every week. Years of physical exercise gave him a healthy body, allowing him 6 (continue) marching forward in the medical field. Zhong’s life has always been 7 (close) linked with his patients and with the development of the nation. During the SARS outbreak, he personally examined the mouth and throat of every seriously ill patient in his hospital,   8 (give) them comfort and 9 (strong) to fight the disease. At the age of 84, Zhong is still fighting on the front-line of the novel coronavirus outbreak. With his professional medical  skills  and  great  perseverance,  Zhong  has  become 10 hero  at  this difficult time. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Xu Beihong’s paintings best indicate his personality: patriotic, diligent and humanistic. Born in rural Yixing, Jiangsu province, he learned the basics of classic Chinese ink painting 11 his father, Xu Dazhang, 12 private school teacher who was skilled in painting, calligraphy and writing. After his father died. Xu mostly taught 13 (he) the oil painting, while he taught at primary schools in hometown. In 1915, he left the teaching job for Shanghai and made a living drawing 14 (illustrate) and commercial advertisements. His artistic talent was 15 (late) recognized by some well-known and 16 (respect) social figures, including Kang Youwei and Cai Yuanpei. Xu won a scholarship to study at the famous National High School of Fine Arts in Paris in 1919. He 17 (study) and travelled in Europe for almost a decade. There he was 18 (great) nurtured(熏陶) by the classic traditions of European art and culture, absorbing these element s into his works of traditional Chinese ink painting. The great painter lived most of his life during a chaotic time 19 his motherland experienced wars and his fellow Chinese suffered poverty, illness and social instability. In his paintings, he depleted(描绘) the pains of his nation and people while 20 (encourage) others to stand against these difficulties and never give up. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海·期末） Among various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene 21 (happen) in my first year of work, when I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment 22 I was deeply moved. I realized 23 marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. I took part in the Nike Women’s Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. The moment I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, 24 (allow) me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly. There were many times 25 I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, feeling sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended 26 (walk). A woman shouted at me: “Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You’re doing a great job.” I started to run again 27 powered by those words. And finally I made it. Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but 28 (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far 29 (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help 30 (they) achieve the results they expect — happily, conveniently and comfortably. 主题01 人与社会——文化传承与社会服务 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·安徽宣城·期末） Zibo barbecue 1 (be) a trending topic on Chinese social media platforms since early March. Mouth-watering images describe a typical Zibo barbecue 2 (name) after its place of origin, Zibo, a small industrial city in East China’s Shandong province. Zibo barbecue 3 (consist) of well-seasoned meat and vegetables wrapped in a pancake has dominated Weibo and Xiaohongshu, Chinese platforms similar to Twitter and Instagram. Zibo was hardly on anyone’s travel bucket list 4 it went viral. But thanks to a group of college students who documented 5 (they) Zibo barbecue trip on Douyin, the city’s delicious and 6 (afford) barbecue became a hit. The local government has jumped 7 the opportunity to take advantage of the city’s newfound fame and explore its tourism potential. Must-go restaurant maps were drawn up, and barbecue-themed high-speed train services and special bus routes were established 8 (make) the small city more accessible to tourists from all over the country. The city’s other attractions, such as the Haidai building, a 9 (beautiful) designed bookstore, also gained popularity due to visitors who want to make 10 most of their Zibo trip. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·上海奉贤·期末） Italian astronaut shows beauty of ancient Chinese composition in space Besides “Wow” and “Great,” what else would you say 11 flying over the Earth in space? Samantha Cristoforetti, the first Italian female astronaut in space, posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on Twitter 12 (share) her joy. She first wrote in Chinese, and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English 13 more people could understand the Chinese composition. She also attached three photos taken in space of China’s Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing, the country’s capital. 14 the first Italian female astronaut in space, Cristoforetti carried out her first space mission on Nov. 23, 2014. She started the second mission in April and returned to Earth on Friday night after a 127-day long stay in orbit. Cristoforetti has been active in Sino-European cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight. She was a working group member 15 (task) with keeping in touch with Chinese counterparts to define and implement cooperation in the field of astronaut operations. In 2017, she took part in a sea survival exercise organized by the Astronaut Center of China in the Yellow Sea, 16 was the first joint training of Chinese and foreign astronauts in China. An agreement 17 (sign) in 2015 between China and Europe on cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight, specifying the participation of China and Europe in each other’s astronaut training activities. 18 (speak) clear Chinese, Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe 19 (work) very well together in the field of astronaut training during the joint training. She joined the Italian Air Force in 2001 and 20 (accumulate) more than 500 hours of flight experience. In May 2009, Cristoforetti was one of the six chosen from 8,000 European applicants to join the ESA astronaut corps. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期末） Most of us haven’t been taught how to apologize. That’s 21 it is critical to get it right. A good apology is an opportunity for us to take clear and direct responsibility for 22 (we) wrongdoing without blaming, or making excuses. It meets the moment, 23 (help) heal and transforms our relationships. When you’re apologizing for something, it’s critical to show true sorrow and regret. It feels 24 (comfortable) to not be in control of the outcome, but it is also courageous. Keep your apology short. Over-apologizing shifts the focus away from the person who needs to be attended 25 and makes the apology about you. Your attention when apologizing should be on the impact of your words or deeds, not on your 26 (intend). It’s not the two words “I’m sorry” 27 heal the injury. The hurt party wants to know that we really get it, and that we know their 28 (feeling) and care. An apology isn’t the only chance you ever get to address the underlying issue. The apology is the chance you get to establish the ground for future communication. When 29 (do) with attention and care, it can be a base for 30 (great) understanding and deeper connection. 主题02 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·期末） Sharifkhuja has loved Chinese movies and culture since childhood. His father is also a huge fan of China. Before his 1 (graduate) from high school, Sharifkhuja’s father thought that his son was an 2 (ambition) person and suggested that he go to China to learn Chinese in the future. Having studied Chinese for two years in Tajikistan, Sharifkhuja finally came to China 3 (pursue) his dream. Up to now, Chinese language and calligraphy 4 (become) part of his life. In his first calligraphy class, Sharifkhuja said that writing with brushes was 5 amazing experience, which could help him feel the spirit of Chinese culture. Besides, 6 he enjoys most is traditional Chinese music. Sharifkhuja is willing to share his experience in China with 7 (he) family and friends and introduce Tajik culture to his Chinese pals. Having stayed in China for many years, he hopes to work in the embassy (大使馆) 8 a cultural ambassador between the two countries. Meanwhile, he also plans to return home as a Chinese teacher because 9 (use) the skills he acquired in China to improve the education of his motherland is one of his dreams. However, no matter what Sharifkhuja chooses, his future will be 10 (close) related to Chinese. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·期末） When Chinese people think about romantic poets, Li Bai’s name probably springs to their mind. With his extraordinary imagination, free expression of strong feelings 11 mastery of language, Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. Li Bai’s romantic style was deeply rooted in his love of reading and travelling from a young age  Reading books of all kinds, he familiarized 12 (he) with classic al Chinese culture, and acquired the 13 (wise) of previous generations. Besides, a burning desire for adventure and travel 14 (drive) him to visit famous mountains and great rivers almost around the whole country, enabling him to encounter different customs and practices. The social and historical context 15 Li Bai lived also contributed to his romantic style. It was the most glorious period of the Tang Dynasty, 16 time of economic boom and social stability, 17 (create) an open and tolerant atmosphere. This allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality, which, in turn, had a huge impact on his poetic 18 (produce). Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt 19 his inspirational poems. Today, Li Bai’s poetry continues 20 (enjoy) by countless readers around the world. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·重庆·期末） An International Business “Made in China” Dominik, a 34-year-old Polish man, founded his own international logistics (物流) company Hao Duo Huo — meaning “lots of goods” in Chinese — in Wuhan, Hubei province. “The first time I came to China was in 1997,” said Dominik. “Seeing the abundant opportunities in China, I decided to have my university education here.” 21 (influence) by his parents, Dominik chose to study international trade in Wuhan in 2009. After 22 (complete) his undergraduate studies, Dominik went to Shenzhen to begin a career in trade. It was there that he first encountered the field 23 logistics. “Poland is an important transit (中转) country for the China-Europe Railway Express, and Poland’s logistics system has been developing. I should seize such a good opportunity,” said Dominik as he 24 (mention) the reasons to start his own business. In April 2021, he 25 (formal) established Hao Duo Huo in Wuhan, a city with 26 good geographical position. Not only is it one of the starting 27 (point) for the China-Europe Railway Express, but it’s also home to many universities that can supply high-quality talent. Explaining 28 he chose this business name, Dominik shared two main reasons: “The first is that I want my company 29 (have) lots of goods to sell. And second, China offers many quality products, and I want to deliver 30 (they) to every corner of the world, spreading joy and convenience to more people.” 主题03 人与自然——生物多样性与太空探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） Yang Chunlin, a shutterbug (摄影迷) in Qinghai Province, visits a wetland bordering the Yellow River every October to meet his long-acquainted friends: whooper swans, the number of 1 jumped to over 100 from 30-plus when he first came to the area. “The wetland provides 2 ideal living environment for whooper swans. The beautiful ‘swan lake’ has become a place for photography lovers 3 (hang) about,” Yang said. Known as the “kidneys of the Earth,” wetlands can help safeguard biodiversity and cope 4 climate change. China’s wetlands conservation efforts have illustrated its genuine 5 (commit) to ensuring harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. During the ongoing 14th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (COP14), 6 (hold) in Wuhan and Switzerland’s Geneva, China called for enhancing people’s well-being 7 (global) by leveraging (利用) the role of wetlands in promoting 8 (sustain) development, tackling climate change, protecting biodiversity, and delivering more benefits to people around the world. “Through a series of ecological protection actions, China 9 (demonstrate) the positive role of wetlands conservation in improving the living environment of humans, contributing more wisdom and solutions to 10 (build) a community of all life on Earth,” said Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北衡水·期末） Stefano Boeri Architetti, an advocate of greenery-covered architecture, had revealed 11 (it) design for a stadium in Milan, Italy. The ambitious project would be filled with thousands of plants and trees that would absorb tons of CO2 per year. The project 12 (name) the International Forest Stadium and is intended to replace Milan’s San Siro Stadium and it would form part of a much 13 (large) master plan. The interior (内部的) design would be specially arranged 14 an attempt to make navigation (导航）easy. A tower would offer museum space dedicated (投入) to both football clubs, plus historical information on 15 previous stadium. The project would also involve the construction of some public 16 (facility), such as a running track land gyms and a shopping mall. All of these would be surrounded by lots of greenery, 17 (offer) a park-like atmosphere throughout. There will be 56,300 shrubs (灌木) of 70 different species, 18 are expected to absorb 162 tons of CO2 every year. 19 (additional), a solar panel array (面板阵列) would be set up 20 (reduce) the stadium’s energy consumption. Steps would also be taken to minimize water use. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东烟台·期末） Saihanba, 21 is situated in North China's Hebei Province, is a miracle as it has been transformed from wasteland to thick forest through the extraordinary efforts of three generations of Chinese people. Saihanba was home to plentiful forest resources and high biodiversity 400 years ago. With a cool summer and green vegetation, the area 22 (set) to be a royal retreat. However, massive deforestation destroyed the forest barrier, eventually turning it into a desert and resulting 23 frequent occurrences of sandstorms. To prevent sandstorms which kept 24 (strike) Beijing, the Forestry Administration decided in 1962 25 (establish)the Saihanba Forest Farm, and sent 369 foresters, mostly in their 20s, to the area for tree planting. The first foresters faced multiple challenges. 26 (equip) with only the simplest tools in extreme coldness and drought, they were unable to ensure the 27 (survive) of trees planted. Nevertheless, with joint efforts of three generations, Saihanba was restored and turned back into a paradise with a forest coverage raised from 11.4 percent to 80 percent, which can 28 (effective) conserve and purify (净化) 137 million cubic meters of water every year. The ground-breaking planting story of the foresters gives rise to 29 concept of the Saihanba Spirit, defined as working hard, advancing against difficulties and innovating daringly. As one of the largest man-made plantations worldwide, the Saihanba Afforestation Community won the honor of Champions of the Earth for their 30 (remark) green achievements. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $