Unit 4 Never too old to learn Welcome to the unit & Reading 导学案 -2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语导学案聚焦选择性必修四U4-1 Welcome-Reading，核心梳理19个单元重点词汇，涵盖释义、搭配、派生词及熟词生义，如“blank”的“没表情的”、“bound”的“be bound to”短语等。课堂导入通过词汇多维度解析衔接已学知识，搭建从基础词汇到阅读理解的学习支架，帮助学生构建系统知识网络。 资料特色体现于知识梳理的系统性与习题设计的梯度化，从单词拼写、短语填空到七选五、完形填空等语篇训练，再到写作任务，全面提升语言理解与表达能力。通过多样化练习培养学生思维品质，助力掌握科学学习方法，提升自主学习效率，符合新课标语言能力、思维品质与学习能力的核心素养要求。

年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修四 U4-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.auditory adj. 听的，听觉的 auditory sensation 听觉 auditory nerve 听觉神经 2.verbal adj. 言语的，文字的，口头的 verbal communication 语言通信 verbal ability n. 言语能力；语言能力 non verbal 非用言语的 verbally adv. 口头地，非书面地；用言辞地 verbalize vi. 累赘；唠叨；以言语表述; vt. 使……变成动词；用言语表达 verbalization n. 以言语表现；冗长；变成动词 3.blank adj. 空白的 n. 空白处，空格 blank space 空白区 blank cheque 空白支票 a blank CD 空白光盘 go blank 变成空白 【熟词生义】blank adj. 没表情的；不理解的；不感兴趣的 Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about. 史蒂夫显得很迷惑，说不知道我在说什么。 Suddenly my mind went blank (= I could not remember anything). 我脑子里突然一片空白。 4.composition n. 构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲 the chemical composition of the soil 土壤的化学成分 to study composition 学习作曲艺术 one of Beethoven's finest compositions 贝多芬最优美的音乐作品之一 compose v. 组成，构成；作曲 5.attain vt. 达到；获得 attainment n. 达到，获得；成就，造诣 attainable adj. 可得到的；可达到的；可到达的 unattainable adj. 做不到的；难到达的 6.educator n. 教育家；教育工作者 educationalist n. 教育家；教育工作者 educate v. （在学校）教育；教导，培养；教导，培养; vi. 教育；训练 education n. （尤指学校）教育；培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；教育学；有教益的经历 educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的 educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 7.bound adj. 一定会，很可能会；有义务做… be bound to 一定会，很有可能 be bound to do/be 一定会；很可能会 be bound (by sth) (to do sth) 受（法律、义务或情况）约束（必须做某事）；有义务（做某事） be bound (for...) 正旅行去（某地）；准备前往（某地） inbound adj. 入境的；回内地的 outbound adj. 出站；向外去的 8.resolve vt.&vi. 解决；表决；决心，决定 n. 决心，坚定的信念 to resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/争端/冲突/危机 resolve (on sth/on doing sth) 决心；决定 a resolve (to do sth) 决心；坚定的信念 【同义词】当resolve意思是“解决”时，同义词可用settle；当其意思是“决心，决定”时，同义词可用用decide, determine等。 9.refresh vt.&vi. 更新；使恢复精力；使想起 refresh oneself with 可以提神；清醒头脑 refresh one’s memory 提醒；提示；使想起 refreshment n. 茶点，点心（refreshments）；食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神 refreshing adj. 提神的；使清爽的；使人重新振作的 refresher n. 可提神的人或物；补习课程；清凉饮料 refreshment n. 茶点，点心（refreshments）；食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神 10.objective adj. 客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n. 目标，目的 an objective analysis/assessment/report 客观的分析/评价/报告 objective criteria/reality 客观标准/现实 ultimate objective 最终目标；最极目标 objectively adv. 客观地 objectiveness n. 客观性 【同/反义词】objective作形容词时，反义词可用subjective adj. 个人的；主观的；主格的；作名词时，同义词可用goal, target等。 11.criticiz(s)e vt.&vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 criticize sb/sth (for sth) 批评；批判；挑剔；指责 critic n. 批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人 critical adj. 批判的，爱挑剔的；极其重要的，关键的；严重的，危急的 criticism n. 批评，批判；意见；评论，评价 12.inquire vt.&vi. 询问，打听 inquire=enquire v. 询问，打听；问好，问候；求见（某人），要求与某人谈话；调查，查究 inquire (about sb/sth) 询问；打听 inquire into 调查，探究 inquire for 求见；要找 inquire after v. 问候；询问起 inquire sth of sb 向某人打听（或询问、了解） inquirer n. 调查者；询问者 13.register vt.&vi. 登记，注册 n. 语体风格，语域；登记表 to register (at/for/with sth)/sth (in sth)/(sb) as sth 登记；注册 to register a birth/marriage/death 登记出生/结婚/死亡 to register a company/trademark 注册公司/商标 register for 注册；选课 call the register 点名 hotel register 住宿登记；旅客登记簿 14.concrete adj. 确定的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n. 混凝土 concrete evidence/proposals/proof 确凿的证据；具体的建议；确实的证明 a concrete floor 混凝土地面 in the concrete 实际上，具体的 concretely adv. 具体地 concreteness n. 具体；具体性；确实 15.comprehension n. 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 speech and comprehension 说话能力和理解力 a listening comprehension 听力练习 a reading comprehension 阅读理解练习 comprehend v. 理解，领悟；包括，包含 comprehensive adj. 综合性的，全面的；有理解力的; n. 综合中学；专业综合测验 comprehensively adv. 包括地；包括一切地 comprehensible adj. 可理解的 16.cease vi.&vt. 停止，终止，结束 cease to do/doing sth（使）停止，终止，结束 wonders will never cease（表示惊喜）真是无奇不有，怪事何其多 without cease 不停地，不断地 17.reasoning n. 推理，理性的观点，论证 logical reasoning 逻辑推理 reasoning ability 推理能力 reason v. 推理；推论；推断 reason sth out 通过思考想出对策 reason with sb 和某人讲道理；规劝 18.abstract adj. 抽象的，纯理论的 vt. 把…抽象出，提取 abstract knowledge/principles 理论知识；抽象原理 an abstract work of art 抽象派艺术作品 in the abstract 抽象地；理论上；概括地 abstract sth (from sth) 把…抽象出；提取；抽取；分离 【反义词】specific adj. 明确的，具体的；特定的 concrete adj. 确实的，具体的；实在的 【熟词生义】abstract作名词时，还有“摘要，概要”的意思。 19.assumption n. 假定，假设 on the assumption that 假设 fundamental assumption n. 基本假定 assume v. 假定，假设，认为；装出，做出 20.domain n. 领域，范围；领土；域 public domain 公共域；公有土地 domain knowledge 领域知识 digital domain 数字领域 cognitive domain 认知领域 【精题精练精讲】 一、单词拼写 1. Press the “reload” button on your web browser to r________ the site and get the most current version. 2. I'm interested in the four­bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper so I'm calling to i________ about it. 3. Learning how to r________ conflicts helps interpersonal relationships run more smoothly. 4. Taking notes in class is not writing down everything the teacher has said, but recording the key points of the teacher's words after ________ (理解)． 5. Physics is the best example of a science which has developed strong, ________ (抽象的) theories. 6. We tend to become defensive when ________ (批评), and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. 7. I have to plan my academic work very rigidly and set myself clear ________ (目标). 8. In order to ________ (登记) a car in Japan, the owner must have somewhere to park it. 9. The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even if there are no ________ (具体的) benefits. 10. There are so many stunning landscapes on Earth, yet Mother Nature never ________ (停止) to amaze us. 二、短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空，有两项多余) be vital to; point out; subscribe to; be bound to; differ from; be based on; be impressed upon; keep pace with; be perceived as; be exposed to 1. My main reason for ______________ New Scientist is to have a knowledge of advances in science. 2. The more we ______________ the good and the bad, the better we are at telling right from wrong. 3. Understanding history ______________ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. 4. The Chinese language ______________ Western language in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. 5. Professor Li gave a short speech at the graduation ceremony whose words ______________ me. 6. The scientific and technological development always ______________ cultural development and social progress. 7. Making an investment in education __________________ yield us great results. 8. ______________ past experience, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre­crisis levels. 三、单句填空 A)词汇知识运用 1. It's possible that people from different cultures have different ________ (assume) about the world. 2. There was widespread ________ (criticize) of the government's handling of the disaster. 3. An ________ (object) set of rules which we all agree to accept is necessary for any ordered society. 4. We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent ________ (inquire)． 5. Beethoven's importance in music has been mainly defined by the revolutionary nature of his ________ (compose)． B)语法知识运用 6. Ambitious and determined, Chris is bound ________ (get) closer to his dream. 7. Put your best foot forward and work on the assumption ________ there is an acceptable solution to every problem you are likely to face. 8. The conference ________ (hold) to discuss how to protect the biodiversity by means of law next week is of great significance. 9. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually. 10. Over time, ________ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 四、完成句子 1. At the meeting, the company ________________________________________________ (因没有采取有效措施解决污染问题而受到批评)． 2. I ______________________________ (同意经理的提议) that the meeting be delayed until next Wednesday. 3. You've done so much work—you ____________________ (一定会通过考试)． 4. I'm beginning to look kind of tired and I want to have something that ______________________ (能让我感觉更加神清气爽，不那么疲劳)． 5. The conclusion above ______________________________________________ (基于价格将保持稳定的假设)． 6. It was in a village ________________________ (他们过去生活的地方) my parents met each other and got married. 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 Relieve the Sunday Scaries Most of us look forward to the weekend as a time to relax connect with friends and family, and tackle items from a to-do list that gets neglected during the work week. But as the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even worry about the upcoming week. ____1____ Here is how experts say you can ease your end-of-week anxiety. Identify your anxiety source Anxiety is a normal human experience and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal causes. ____2___ Create multiple-to-do lists. One list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point. Don’t forget to relax When structuring your Sunday, try not to put in too many routine tasks. ____3____ Maybe a body scan meditation (冥想), maybe a mid-afternoon shower or bath, maybe an engaging movie or show, whatever feels like a helpful distraction (分心的事) to recover from the scaries. Create some excitement for the week ahead Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about what is pleasing rather than only focusing on the fright you feel. Instead of focusing on awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you have been meaning to catch up with. ___4____ Structure your day ___5____ Maybe that means planning some favourite foods to enjoy while watching football. Or maybe you go all in for some self-care. Do you best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you-leave the work emails for Monday morning. A. End your Sunday with the right energy. B. Even though the Sunday scaries are common, they are manageable. C. Try to find out what is really causing you to feel frightened this week. D. Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself to reduce the anxiety. E. When you’re engaging in what makes you feel good, that feeling is hard to hold on to. F. If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities. G. This gives you the opportunity to shift your thoughts to something fun and will help improve your mood. 二、完形填空 I decided it was time to learn how to ride a bike. This was not my first ____1____. I had tried on several occasions but always failed. But this attempt felt somewhat ____2____. Determined to succeed, I went to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved painful. Day after day I would fall, but I went at it anyway. Injuries, bumps and scratches ____3____ that. My repeated failures at taming (使易于控制) the two-wheeled beast were often ____4____ by concerned neighbors. After a whole month of this labor of love and hatred, a day came when I could finally do it. Sweet victory! I began my daily tours by taking in the light traffic of the back streets, but in constant ____5____. I gradually moved to even busier streets. I had a new cycling routine. As my anxieties ____6____, I grew to care for the gust of light wind ____7____ fingering my hair, the unexpected fine rain, even snowflakes, on my back. I delighted in the early morning bird song. I welcomed the sight of families ____8____ their flowerbeds. Eventually, I ____9____ enough courage to ride alongside those youngsters taking crazy ____10____ with their bikes. I managed not to ____11____ the way of sweaty joggers or speed walkers and learned to ____12____ the street with dog walkers. Learning to cycle has been a(an) ____13____, but it has offered me more than just a new skill. I can now ____14____ the small things in the area I live and understand how everything functions in ____15____. 1. A. step B. decision C. attempt D. move 2. A. different B. interesting C. successful D. painful 3. A. revealed B. witnessed C. included D. covered 4. A. comforted B. teased C. observed D. blamed 5. A. fear B. anger C. frustration D. disappointment 6. A. appeared B. eased C. increased D. multiplied 7. A. heavily B. wildly C. gently D. suddenly 8. A. getting into B. tending to C. picking up D. focusing on 9. A. gathered B. caught C. won D. raised 10. A. steps B. chances C. consequences D. turns 11. A. get down B. get in C. get on D. get off 12. A. ride B. take C. walk D. share 13. A. experience B. story C. adventure D. journey 14. A. advocate B. appreciate C. achieve D. acquire 15. A. harmony B. silence C. total D. agreement 三、语法填空 Here come a crowd of young people dressed in long robes. They wander around pavilions and royal gardens, ____1____ their flowing sleeves and heavily embroidered (绣花的) skirts gently waving in the breeze. They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set ____2____ Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event held in Beijing. Benefiting from the growing ____3____ (popular) of social media and a craze for traditional culture, Hanfu, a traditional style of clothing ____4____ (wear) by the Han people, was brought back to the forefront by a new wave of young Chinese devotees, including Liu. The 1980s-born rocket scientist Liu is also a co-founder of ___5____ Hanfu community in Beijing called “Hua Yan Hui.” The community ____6____ (found) in 2011 following a Hanfu revival (复苏) movement that emerged from the desire ____7____ (express) national identity and growing cultural confidence. Since then, Liu ____8____ (volunteer) to support the group. “My passion for Hanfu came from two of my friends ____9____ are fans of traditional Chinese clothing,” Liu said. Her interest grew ____10_____ she learned more about the culture behind it and acquired her first Hanfu costume. 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A Not many people are comfortable going deep underground. There’s something pretty scary about diving into the pitch-black abyss (深谷), towards the mysteries at the centre of the Earth. But humans have been going underground — mining, caving, living and the like. All over the world you’ll find all manner of superb underground phenomena. Here are our favourites. 1. Salina Turda, Romania A Transylvanian underground theme park sounds kind of like something out of Scooby-Doo. But it actually exists -and isn’t frightening at all. Built deep below the Earth’s surface in a salt mine, Salina Turda features attractions like a panoramic (全景的) wheel, mini-golf, bowling, table tennis and even boating on a mine lake. 2. Derinkuyu, Turkey The underground city at Derinkuyu, in Turkey’s Cappadocia region, dates back thousands of years. It’s the deepest of its kind in the region, a web of winding passages over eight levels, reaching a depth of 85 metres. Living underground allowed the citizens of Derinkuyu to avoid extreme temperatures and more easily fight against invaders. Though not inhabited today, the site features the remains of schools, shops and churches. 3. Ajanta Caves, India Considering that they’re cut deep into a rock face, the 30 or so caves of Ajanta are surprisingly well lit. All that light makes it much easier to admire this remarkable series of Buddhist temples and monuments (纪念碑) that date from the first and second centuries BC. They contain some of the finest surviving examples of ancient Indian wall-painting. 4. Thrihnukagigur, Iceland Sometimes climbing up to a volcano crater (火山口) or viewing it from afar just isn’t enough. Some people need to go that step further and adventure inside a volcano. You can do exactly that at Thrihnukagigur in Iceland. A lift takes visitors 700 feet down into the volcano’s magma chamber (岩浆室). We’re assured that Thrihnukagigur is safely dormant (休眠的), having not erupted in 4,000 years, but even so, it takes a certain kind of thrill-seeker to actively want to get up close and personal with a volcano. Click www.timeout.com/arts-and-cultureformore. 1. Which of the following most probably attracts adventurers? A. Salina Turda, Romania. B. Derinkuyu, Turkey. C. Ajanta Caves, India. D. Thrihnukagigur, Iceland. 2. What do Derinkuyu and Ajanta Caves have in common ? A. They both have a long history. B. They are of the same depth. C. They share the same features. D. They both contain wall-paintings. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A newspaper. B Jeff Jensen was in a dilemma (困境). He was hobbled (跛行) by painful nerve damage in his leg and foot. He needed surgery, but he doubted if he could afford it, even with insurance. “There’s nothing more depressing than seeing a bill for 182,024,000 dollars and going, ‘How much of this will my insurance cover and how much is mine to cover?’” Jensen told WWAY-TV. Luckily for Jensen, his doctor is Demetrio Aguila. The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands of Nebraska practice in Papillion the option to pay for surgery through volunteer work. He calls it his M25 Program, inspired by the words from a famous book. “We can’t ignore the people in our own backyard,” Aguila told CBS. “We want to be able to offer hope to patients who have lost hope medically.” Using an algorithm (算法), the clinic calculates community service hours based on the price of the surgery. In Jensen’s case, the $12,000 operation equaled 560 hours of helping out at one of the local charitable organizations registered with the M25 Program. Like 10 percent of Aguila’s patients, Jensen chose the community service. And because hundreds of hours of community service can seem depressing. Aguila, 50, not only lets others help, but he encourages it. “I had this hope that we would remotivate our neighbors and ourselves a sense of volunteerism,” he told CNN. Jensen, whose surgery was completed in February 2020, was helped by more than 100 friends and strangers who volunteered at Orphan Grain Train, which donates food, clothing, and medicine nationally and globally. Count Dave Harvey, founder of the homeless aid organization Least of My Brethren, is the one who is admired by Aguila. “He’s helping us by sending volunteers our way.” he told KMTV in Omaha. “What a cool thing.” 4. What put Jeff Jensen in a dilemma? A. The nerve damage. B. The medical insurance. C. The price of the surgery. D. The community service. 5. What help did Aguila really offer to his patient Jensen? A. A way to help cover his medical bills. B. Financial help to cover his medical bills. C. A chance to help serve his communities. D. A free surgery to treat his nerve damage. 6. Why does Dr. Aguila start the M25 Program? A. To advertise for the hospital. B. To win respect from his patients. C. To promote the concept of donation. D. To sow the seeds of voluntary work in people. 7. What is Harvey’s attitude towards Aguila’s M25 Program? A. Critical. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. C Egypt is home to more than 100 pyramids, including the 4,500-year-old iconic (圣像的) Giza Pyramid, which is the last-standing ancient wonder of the world. Giza is actually made up of three pyramids, Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. Now, scientists are using High Energy Physics (HEP) to scan the Khufu structure at Giza. The new technology uses cosmic ray muons (宇宙射线介子) to scan deeper into the pyramid than has ever been seen before, and then map its internal structure. What we see now is only the core structure of the Great Pyramid. Although the pyramid has been studied closely for centuries, there are two mysterious blanks that have kept archaeologists (考古学家) puzzled. One void (空间) is around 98 feet long and 20 feet high and could be one large space or several rooms, according to previous scans of the pyramid, while the other is much smaller, just beyond the north face of the pyramid. Archaeologists are not sure what either void functioned as; the most exciting possibility is that the larger space is the hidden burial chamber of Khufu, who was in power from around 2,551 BC to 2,528 BC. The voids were discovered in 2017 when a project named Scan Pyramids ran a series of scans that analyzed the cosmic particles that fall to Earth (muons) to detect spaces within the structure. Muons are negatively charged elementary particles that form when cosmic rays collide (碰撞) with the Earth’s atmosphere. They are useful because they behave differently when interacting with stone, or water, versus air. “We plan to field a telescope system that has upwards of 100 times the sensitivity of the equipment that has recently been used at the Great Pyramid,” a team of scientists wrote in a preprint paper — yet to be reviewed by other scientists. “Since the detectors that are proposed are very large, they cannot be placed inside the pyramid, therefore our approach is to put them outside and move them along the base. In this way, we can collect muons from all angles in order to build up the required data set,” the team wrote in the paper. 8. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To describe an ancient wonder. B. To present the new technology. C. To highlight the Giza Pyramid. D. To introduce background information. 9. What do we know about the new technology? A. It moves above the base and builds up data. B. It scans the side of the pyramid and collects muons. C. It detects the outside of the pyramid and collects data. D. It looks into the pyramid and records the structure inside. 10. What does the underline word “they” refer to in paragraph 5? A. Comic rays. B. Muons. C. Scans. D. Elementary particles. 11. What is this passage mainly about? A. Putting the detectors outside to collect data. B. Discovering the voids using new technology. C. Fielding a telescope system to study the pyramid. D. Uncovering the internal secret of pyramid using HEP. D ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education. According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of the respondents had used ChatGPT to help with a homework assignment. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT. Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City, CNN reported. The move comes along with growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments and be used to spread inaccurate information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, the vice press secretary of the New York City Department of Education, said in a statement. Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported. However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are drafting policies on its proper usage, for both students and lecturers. Bhaskar Vira, vice-president for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible (合理的). “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognize that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity (诚实) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Petervan der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just how like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News. 12. According to the passage, what can ChatGPT help students do? A. Enrich their school life. B. Hand in better papers. C. Improve their writing skills. D. Spread correct information. 13. What are the professors in US doing to cope with ChatGPT? A. Making policies to ban the use of the tool. B. Requiring students to write papers by hand. C. Making laws to recognize the use of the tool. D. Preventing students from spreading inaccurate information. 14. Which of the following may Vira agree to about using ChatGPT? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. Practice makes perfect. C. No pains, no gains. D. Every coin has two sides. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. ChatGPT: An answer giver? B. ChatGPT: A perfect tool? C. ChatGPT: A homework designer? D. ChatGPT: A cheat helper? 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假如你是李华，得知市图书馆招聘“阅读推广大使(ambassador of reading)”，你有意应聘，请给图书馆写一封自荐信。内容包括： 1．说明意图；2．应聘优势；3．工作展望。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Madam /Sir, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My Father’s Son It’s hard being an astronaut’s son. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he’s so special and so good at everything he does. But I’m just an average eleven-year-old kid. Nowadays I dream about being a famous writer, but I used to dream about doing something spectacular to impress my father and make him proud of me — something like rescuing a child from a burning building or chasing a robber away from an old lady. I was daydreaming in school one morning. I was daydreaming about being some kind of hero when my friend Ellen reminded me of my English teacher’s announcement about a Father’s Day essay contest. “I hope we have a winner right here in my English class,” she said. “There are three prizes for each of you.” When I got home, I kissed my mom quickly. Then I went upstairs to my room and sat down with a pen and a pad of paper. I started to think about what I would write. How did I see my father? Hmm. I saw him teaching me how to use a bat and how to throw a baseball. I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was hit and killed by a car. And I remembered how he sat and tried to explain death to me when Grandpa Bob died. These were the things I was going to write about my dad. To me, he wasn’t just a world-famous astronaut. He was my dad. I wrote about all these memories and put them in my essay. I handed it in the next day and was surprised to find out that the winning essays would be read in the auditorium on Thursday night. All the parents and students were incited. My parents and I went to school Thursday night. One of our neighbors said, “I bet you’ll win the contest, David. I bet you wrote what it’s like to be the son of an astronaut, and you’re the only one in town who could write about that.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I shrugged and then the first prize winner - Ellen was announced. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Surprised and thrilled, I went up to the stage. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修四 U4-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.auditory adj. 听的，听觉的 auditory sensation 听觉 auditory nerve 听觉神经 2.verbal adj. 言语的，文字的，口头的 verbal communication 语言通信 verbal ability n. 言语能力；语言能力 non verbal 非用言语的 verbally adv. 口头地，非书面地；用言辞地 verbalize vi. 累赘；唠叨；以言语表述; vt. 使……变成动词；用言语表达 verbalization n. 以言语表现；冗长；变成动词 3.blank adj. 空白的 n. 空白处，空格 blank space 空白区 blank cheque 空白支票 a blank CD 空白光盘 go blank 变成空白 【熟词生义】blank adj. 没表情的；不理解的；不感兴趣的 Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about. 史蒂夫显得很迷惑，说不知道我在说什么。 Suddenly my mind went blank (= I could not remember anything). 我脑子里突然一片空白。 4.composition n. 构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲 the chemical composition of the soil 土壤的化学成分 to study composition 学习作曲艺术 one of Beethoven's finest compositions 贝多芬最优美的音乐作品之一 compose v. 组成，构成；作曲 5.attain vt. 达到；获得 attainment n. 达到，获得；成就，造诣 attainable adj. 可得到的；可达到的；可到达的 unattainable adj. 做不到的；难到达的 6.educator n. 教育家；教育工作者 educationalist n. 教育家；教育工作者 educate v. （在学校）教育；教导，培养；教导，培养; vi. 教育；训练 education n. （尤指学校）教育；培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；教育学；有教益的经历 educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的 educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 7.bound adj. 一定会，很可能会；有义务做… be bound to 一定会，很有可能 be bound to do/be 一定会；很可能会 be bound (by sth) (to do sth) 受（法律、义务或情况）约束（必须做某事）；有义务（做某事） be bound (for...) 正旅行去（某地）；准备前往（某地） inbound adj. 入境的；回内地的 outbound adj. 出站；向外去的 8.resolve vt.&vi. 解决；表决；决心，决定 n. 决心，坚定的信念 to resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/争端/冲突/危机 resolve (on sth/on doing sth) 决心；决定 a resolve (to do sth) 决心；坚定的信念 【同义词】当resolve意思是“解决”时，同义词可用settle；当其意思是“决心，决定”时，同义词可用用decide, determine等。 9.refresh vt.&vi. 更新；使恢复精力；使想起 refresh oneself with 可以提神；清醒头脑 refresh one’s memory 提醒；提示；使想起 refreshment n. 茶点，点心（refreshments）；食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神 refreshing adj. 提神的；使清爽的；使人重新振作的 refresher n. 可提神的人或物；补习课程；清凉饮料 refreshment n. 茶点，点心（refreshments）；食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神 10.objective adj. 客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n. 目标，目的 an objective analysis/assessment/report 客观的分析/评价/报告 objective criteria/reality 客观标准/现实 ultimate objective 最终目标；最极目标 objectively adv. 客观地 objectiveness n. 客观性 【同/反义词】objective作形容词时，反义词可用subjective adj. 个人的；主观的；主格的；作名词时，同义词可用goal, target等。 11.criticiz(s)e vt.&vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 criticize sb/sth (for sth) 批评；批判；挑剔；指责 critic n. 批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人 critical adj. 批判的，爱挑剔的；极其重要的，关键的；严重的，危急的 criticism n. 批评，批判；意见；评论，评价 12.inquire vt.&vi. 询问，打听 inquire=enquire v. 询问，打听；问好，问候；求见（某人），要求与某人谈话；调查，查究 inquire (about sb/sth) 询问；打听 inquire into 调查，探究 inquire for 求见；要找 inquire after v. 问候；询问起 inquire sth of sb 向某人打听（或询问、了解） inquirer n. 调查者；询问者 13.register vt.&vi. 登记，注册 n. 语体风格，语域；登记表 to register (at/for/with sth)/sth (in sth)/(sb) as sth 登记；注册 to register a birth/marriage/death 登记出生/结婚/死亡 to register a company/trademark 注册公司/商标 register for 注册；选课 call the register 点名 hotel register 住宿登记；旅客登记簿 14.concrete adj. 确定的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n. 混凝土 concrete evidence/proposals/proof 确凿的证据；具体的建议；确实的证明 a concrete floor 混凝土地面 in the concrete 实际上，具体的 concretely adv. 具体地 concreteness n. 具体；具体性；确实 15.comprehension n. 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 speech and comprehension 说话能力和理解力 a listening comprehension 听力练习 a reading comprehension 阅读理解练习 comprehend v. 理解，领悟；包括，包含 comprehensive adj. 综合性的，全面的；有理解力的; n. 综合中学；专业综合测验 comprehensively adv. 包括地；包括一切地 comprehensible adj. 可理解的 16.cease vi.&vt. 停止，终止，结束 cease to do/doing sth（使）停止，终止，结束 wonders will never cease（表示惊喜）真是无奇不有，怪事何其多 without cease 不停地，不断地 17.reasoning n. 推理，理性的观点，论证 logical reasoning 逻辑推理 reasoning ability 推理能力 reason v. 推理；推论；推断 reason sth out 通过思考想出对策 reason with sb 和某人讲道理；规劝 18.abstract adj. 抽象的，纯理论的 vt. 把…抽象出，提取 abstract knowledge/principles 理论知识；抽象原理 an abstract work of art 抽象派艺术作品 in the abstract 抽象地；理论上；概括地 abstract sth (from sth) 把…抽象出；提取；抽取；分离 【反义词】specific adj. 明确的，具体的；特定的 concrete adj. 确实的，具体的；实在的 【熟词生义】abstract作名词时，还有“摘要，概要”的意思。 19.assumption n. 假定，假设 on the assumption that 假设 fundamental assumption n. 基本假定 assume v. 假定，假设，认为；装出，做出 20.domain n. 领域，范围；领土；域 public domain 公共域；公有土地 domain knowledge 领域知识 digital domain 数字领域 cognitive domain 认知领域 【精题精练精讲】 一、单词拼写 1. Press the “reload” button on your web browser to r________ the site and get the most current version. 2. I'm interested in the four­bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper so I'm calling to i________ about it. 3. Learning how to r________ conflicts helps interpersonal relationships run more smoothly. 4. Taking notes in class is not writing down everything the teacher has said, but recording the key points of the teacher's words after ________ (理解)． 5. Physics is the best example of a science which has developed strong, ________ (抽象的) theories. 6. We tend to become defensive when ________ (批评), and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. 7. I have to plan my academic work very rigidly and set myself clear ________ (目标). 8. In order to ________ (登记) a car in Japan, the owner must have somewhere to park it. 9. The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even if there are no ________ (具体的) benefits. 10. There are so many stunning landscapes on Earth, yet Mother Nature never ________ (停止) to amaze us. 二、短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空，有两项多余) be vital to; point out; subscribe to; be bound to; differ from; be based on; be impressed upon; keep pace with; be perceived as; be exposed to 1. My main reason for ______________ New Scientist is to have a knowledge of advances in science. 2. The more we ______________ the good and the bad, the better we are at telling right from wrong. 3. Understanding history ______________ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. 4. The Chinese language ______________ Western language in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. 5. Professor Li gave a short speech at the graduation ceremony whose words ______________ me. 6. The scientific and technological development always ______________ cultural development and social progress. 7. Making an investment in education __________________ yield us great results. 8. ______________ past experience, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre­crisis levels. 三、单句填空 A)词汇知识运用 1. It's possible that people from different cultures have different ________ (assume) about the world. 2. There was widespread ________ (criticize) of the government's handling of the disaster. 3. An ________ (object) set of rules which we all agree to accept is necessary for any ordered society. 4. We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent ________ (inquire)． 5. Beethoven's importance in music has been mainly defined by the revolutionary nature of his ________ (compose)． B)语法知识运用 6. Ambitious and determined, Chris is bound ________ (get) closer to his dream. 7. Put your best foot forward and work on the assumption ________ there is an acceptable solution to every problem you are likely to face. 8. The conference ________ (hold) to discuss how to protect the biodiversity by means of law next week is of great significance. 9. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually. 10. Over time, ________ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 四、完成句子 1. At the meeting, the company ________________________________________________ (因没有采取有效措施解决污染问题而受到批评)． 2. I ______________________________ (同意经理的提议) that the meeting be delayed until next Wednesday. 3. You've done so much work—you ____________________ (一定会通过考试)． 4. I'm beginning to look kind of tired and I want to have something that ______________________ (能让我感觉更加神清气爽，不那么疲劳)． 5. The conclusion above ______________________________________________ (基于价格将保持稳定的假设)． 6. It was in a village ________________________ (他们过去生活的地方) my parents met each other and got married. 答案： 一、单词拼写：1. refresh　2. inquire　3. resolve　4. comprehension 5. abstract　6. criticized　7. objectives　8. Register 9. concrete　10. ceases 二、 短语填空： 1. subscribing to　2. are exposed to　3. is vital to　4. differs from　5. were impressed upon　6. keeps pace with　7. is bound to　8. Based on 三、单句填空：1. assumptions　2. criticism　3. objective 4. inquiry　5. compositions　6. to get　7. that 8. to be held　9. where　10. as/when 四、完成句子：1. was criticized for not taking effective measures to solve the pollution problem　2. subscribe to the manager's proposal　3. are bound to pass the exam　4. can make me feel more refreshed and less tired　5. is based on the assumption that the prices will remain steady　6. where they used to live that 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 Relieve the Sunday Scaries Most of us look forward to the weekend as a time to relax connect with friends and family, and tackle items from a to-do list that gets neglected during the work week. But as the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even worry about the upcoming week. ____1____ Here is how experts say you can ease your end-of-week anxiety. Identify your anxiety source Anxiety is a normal human experience and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal causes. ____2___ Create multiple-to-do lists. One list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point. Don’t forget to relax When structuring your Sunday, try not to put in too many routine tasks. ____3____ Maybe a body scan meditation (冥想), maybe a mid-afternoon shower or bath, maybe an engaging movie or show, whatever feels like a helpful distraction (分心的事) to recover from the scaries. Create some excitement for the week ahead Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about what is pleasing rather than only focusing on the fright you feel. Instead of focusing on awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you have been meaning to catch up with. ___4____ Structure your day ___5____ Maybe that means planning some favourite foods to enjoy while watching football. Or maybe you go all in for some self-care. Do you best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you-leave the work emails for Monday morning. A. End your Sunday with the right energy. B. Even though the Sunday scaries are common, they are manageable. C. Try to find out what is really causing you to feel frightened this week. D. Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself to reduce the anxiety. E. When you’re engaging in what makes you feel good, that feeling is hard to hold on to. F. If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities. G. This gives you the opportunity to shift your thoughts to something fun and will help improve your mood. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. F 4. G 5. D 二、完形填空 I decided it was time to learn how to ride a bike. This was not my first ____1____. I had tried on several occasions but always failed. But this attempt felt somewhat ____2____. Determined to succeed, I went to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved painful. Day after day I would fall, but I went at it anyway. Injuries, bumps and scratches ____3____ that. My repeated failures at taming (使易于控制) the two-wheeled beast were often ____4____ by concerned neighbors. After a whole month of this labor of love and hatred, a day came when I could finally do it. Sweet victory! I began my daily tours by taking in the light traffic of the back streets, but in constant ____5____. I gradually moved to even busier streets. I had a new cycling routine. As my anxieties ____6____, I grew to care for the gust of light wind ____7____ fingering my hair, the unexpected fine rain, even snowflakes, on my back. I delighted in the early morning bird song. I welcomed the sight of families ____8____ their flowerbeds. Eventually, I ____9____ enough courage to ride alongside those youngsters taking crazy ____10____ with their bikes. I managed not to ____11____ the way of sweaty joggers or speed walkers and learned to ____12____ the street with dog walkers. Learning to cycle has been a(an) ____13____, but it has offered me more than just a new skill. I can now ____14____ the small things in the area I live and understand how everything functions in ____15____. 1. A. step B. decision C. attempt D. move 2. A. different B. interesting C. successful D. painful 3. A. revealed B. witnessed C. included D. covered 4. A. comforted B. teased C. observed D. blamed 5. A. fear B. anger C. frustration D. disappointment 6. A. appeared B. eased C. increased D. multiplied 7. A. heavily B. wildly C. gently D. suddenly 8. A. getting into B. tending to C. picking up D. focusing on 9. A. gathered B. caught C. won D. raised 10. A. steps B. chances C. consequences D. turns 11. A. get down B. get in C. get on D. get off 12. A. ride B. take C. walk D. share 13. A. experience B. story C. adventure D. journey 14. A. advocate B. appreciate C. achieve D. acquire 15. A. harmony B. silence C. total D. agreement 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 三、语法填空 Here come a crowd of young people dressed in long robes. They wander around pavilions and royal gardens, ____1____ their flowing sleeves and heavily embroidered (绣花的) skirts gently waving in the breeze. They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set ____2____ Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event held in Beijing. Benefiting from the growing ____3____ (popular) of social media and a craze for traditional culture, Hanfu, a traditional style of clothing ____4____ (wear) by the Han people, was brought back to the forefront by a new wave of young Chinese devotees, including Liu. The 1980s-born rocket scientist Liu is also a co-founder of ___5____ Hanfu community in Beijing called “Hua Yan Hui.” The community ____6____ (found) in 2011 following a Hanfu revival (复苏) movement that emerged from the desire ____7____ (express) national identity and growing cultural confidence. Since then, Liu ____8____ (volunteer) to support the group. “My passion for Hanfu came from two of my friends ____9____ are fans of traditional Chinese clothing,” Liu said. Her interest grew ____10_____ she learned more about the culture behind it and acquired her first Hanfu costume. 【答案】1. with 2. but 3. popularity 4. worn 5. a 6. was founded 7. to express 8. has been volunteering##has volunteered 9. who##that 10. as 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A Not many people are comfortable going deep underground. There’s something pretty scary about diving into the pitch-black abyss (深谷), towards the mysteries at the centre of the Earth. But humans have been going underground — mining, caving, living and the like. All over the world you’ll find all manner of superb underground phenomena. Here are our favourites. 1. Salina Turda, Romania A Transylvanian underground theme park sounds kind of like something out of Scooby-Doo. But it actually exists -and isn’t frightening at all. Built deep below the Earth’s surface in a salt mine, Salina Turda features attractions like a panoramic (全景的) wheel, mini-golf, bowling, table tennis and even boating on a mine lake. 2. Derinkuyu, Turkey The underground city at Derinkuyu, in Turkey’s Cappadocia region, dates back thousands of years. It’s the deepest of its kind in the region, a web of winding passages over eight levels, reaching a depth of 85 metres. Living underground allowed the citizens of Derinkuyu to avoid extreme temperatures and more easily fight against invaders. Though not inhabited today, the site features the remains of schools, shops and churches. 3. Ajanta Caves, India Considering that they’re cut deep into a rock face, the 30 or so caves of Ajanta are surprisingly well lit. All that light makes it much easier to admire this remarkable series of Buddhist temples and monuments (纪念碑) that date from the first and second centuries BC. They contain some of the finest surviving examples of ancient Indian wall-painting. 4. Thrihnukagigur, Iceland Sometimes climbing up to a volcano crater (火山口) or viewing it from afar just isn’t enough. Some people need to go that step further and adventure inside a volcano. You can do exactly that at Thrihnukagigur in Iceland. A lift takes visitors 700 feet down into the volcano’s magma chamber (岩浆室). We’re assured that Thrihnukagigur is safely dormant (休眠的), having not erupted in 4,000 years, but even so, it takes a certain kind of thrill-seeker to actively want to get up close and personal with a volcano. Click www.timeout.com/arts-and-cultureformore. 1. Which of the following most probably attracts adventurers? A. Salina Turda, Romania. B. Derinkuyu, Turkey. C. Ajanta Caves, India. D. Thrihnukagigur, Iceland. 2. What do Derinkuyu and Ajanta Caves have in common ? A. They both have a long history. B. They are of the same depth. C. They share the same features. D. They both contain wall-paintings. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A newspaper. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C B Jeff Jensen was in a dilemma (困境). He was hobbled (跛行) by painful nerve damage in his leg and foot. He needed surgery, but he doubted if he could afford it, even with insurance. “There’s nothing more depressing than seeing a bill for 182,024,000 dollars and going, ‘How much of this will my insurance cover and how much is mine to cover?’” Jensen told WWAY-TV. Luckily for Jensen, his doctor is Demetrio Aguila. The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands of Nebraska practice in Papillion the option to pay for surgery through volunteer work. He calls it his M25 Program, inspired by the words from a famous book. “We can’t ignore the people in our own backyard,” Aguila told CBS. “We want to be able to offer hope to patients who have lost hope medically.” Using an algorithm (算法), the clinic calculates community service hours based on the price of the surgery. In Jensen’s case, the $12,000 operation equaled 560 hours of helping out at one of the local charitable organizations registered with the M25 Program. Like 10 percent of Aguila’s patients, Jensen chose the community service. And because hundreds of hours of community service can seem depressing. Aguila, 50, not only lets others help, but he encourages it. “I had this hope that we would remotivate our neighbors and ourselves a sense of volunteerism,” he told CNN. Jensen, whose surgery was completed in February 2020, was helped by more than 100 friends and strangers who volunteered at Orphan Grain Train, which donates food, clothing, and medicine nationally and globally. Count Dave Harvey, founder of the homeless aid organization Least of My Brethren, is the one who is admired by Aguila. “He’s helping us by sending volunteers our way.” he told KMTV in Omaha. “What a cool thing.” 4. What put Jeff Jensen in a dilemma? A. The nerve damage. B. The medical insurance. C. The price of the surgery. D. The community service. 5. What help did Aguila really offer to his patient Jensen? A. A way to help cover his medical bills. B. Financial help to cover his medical bills. C. A chance to help serve his communities. D. A free surgery to treat his nerve damage. 6. Why does Dr. Aguila start the M25 Program? A. To advertise for the hospital. B. To win respect from his patients. C. To promote the concept of donation. D. To sow the seeds of voluntary work in people. 7. What is Harvey’s attitude towards Aguila’s M25 Program? A. Critical. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D C Egypt is home to more than 100 pyramids, including the 4,500-year-old iconic (圣像的) Giza Pyramid, which is the last-standing ancient wonder of the world. Giza is actually made up of three pyramids, Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. Now, scientists are using High Energy Physics (HEP) to scan the Khufu structure at Giza. The new technology uses cosmic ray muons (宇宙射线介子) to scan deeper into the pyramid than has ever been seen before, and then map its internal structure. What we see now is only the core structure of the Great Pyramid. Although the pyramid has been studied closely for centuries, there are two mysterious blanks that have kept archaeologists (考古学家) puzzled. One void (空间) is around 98 feet long and 20 feet high and could be one large space or several rooms, according to previous scans of the pyramid, while the other is much smaller, just beyond the north face of the pyramid. Archaeologists are not sure what either void functioned as; the most exciting possibility is that the larger space is the hidden burial chamber of Khufu, who was in power from around 2,551 BC to 2,528 BC. The voids were discovered in 2017 when a project named Scan Pyramids ran a series of scans that analyzed the cosmic particles that fall to Earth (muons) to detect spaces within the structure. Muons are negatively charged elementary particles that form when cosmic rays collide (碰撞) with the Earth’s atmosphere. They are useful because they behave differently when interacting with stone, or water, versus air. “We plan to field a telescope system that has upwards of 100 times the sensitivity of the equipment that has recently been used at the Great Pyramid,” a team of scientists wrote in a preprint paper — yet to be reviewed by other scientists. “Since the detectors that are proposed are very large, they cannot be placed inside the pyramid, therefore our approach is to put them outside and move them along the base. In this way, we can collect muons from all angles in order to build up the required data set,” the team wrote in the paper. 8. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To describe an ancient wonder. B. To present the new technology. C. To highlight the Giza Pyramid. D. To introduce background information. 9. What do we know about the new technology? A. It moves above the base and builds up data. B. It scans the side of the pyramid and collects muons. C. It detects the outside of the pyramid and collects data. D. It looks into the pyramid and records the structure inside. 10. What does the underline word “they” refer to in paragraph 5? A. Comic rays. B. Muons. C. Scans. D. Elementary particles. 11. What is this passage mainly about? A. Putting the detectors outside to collect data. B. Discovering the voids using new technology. C. Fielding a telescope system to study the pyramid. D. Uncovering the internal secret of pyramid using HEP. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. D D ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education. According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of the respondents had used ChatGPT to help with a homework assignment. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT. Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City, CNN reported. The move comes along with growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments and be used to spread inaccurate information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, the vice press secretary of the New York City Department of Education, said in a statement. Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported. However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are drafting policies on its proper usage, for both students and lecturers. Bhaskar Vira, vice-president for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible (合理的). “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognize that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity (诚实) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Petervan der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just how like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News. 12. According to the passage, what can ChatGPT help students do? A. Enrich their school life. B. Hand in better papers. C. Improve their writing skills. D. Spread correct information. 13. What are the professors in US doing to cope with ChatGPT? A. Making policies to ban the use of the tool. B. Requiring students to write papers by hand. C. Making laws to recognize the use of the tool. D. Preventing students from spreading inaccurate information. 14. Which of the following may Vira agree to about using ChatGPT? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. Practice makes perfect. C. No pains, no gains. D. Every coin has two sides. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. ChatGPT: An answer giver? B. ChatGPT: A perfect tool? C. ChatGPT: A homework designer? D. ChatGPT: A cheat helper? 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假如你是李华，得知市图书馆招聘“阅读推广大使(ambassador of reading)”，你有意应聘，请给图书馆写一封自荐信。内容包括： 1．说明意图；2．应聘优势；3．工作展望。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Madam /Sir, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Madam/ Sir, I am writing to apply to be an ambassador of reading in our city. I’m always interested in reading and books seem to be my best companion. As an active and outgoing student, I am good at communicating and cooperating with others. If accepted, I’ll spare no effort to promote reading. Activities like reading salon will be organized. Libraries will be decorated so as to create a better reading environment. Take me into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My Father’s Son It’s hard being an astronaut’s son. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he’s so special and so good at everything he does. But I’m just an average eleven-year-old kid. Nowadays I dream about being a famous writer, but I used to dream about doing something spectacular to impress my father and make him proud of me — something like rescuing a child from a burning building or chasing a robber away from an old lady. I was daydreaming in school one morning. I was daydreaming about being some kind of hero when my friend Ellen reminded me of my English teacher’s announcement about a Father’s Day essay contest. “I hope we have a winner right here in my English class,” she said. “There are three prizes for each of you.” When I got home, I kissed my mom quickly. Then I went upstairs to my room and sat down with a pen and a pad of paper. I started to think about what I would write. How did I see my father? Hmm. I saw him teaching me how to use a bat and how to throw a baseball. I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was hit and killed by a car. And I remembered how he sat and tried to explain death to me when Grandpa Bob died. These were the things I was going to write about my dad. To me, he wasn’t just a world-famous astronaut. He was my dad. I wrote about all these memories and put them in my essay. I handed it in the next day and was surprised to find out that the winning essays would be read in the auditorium on Thursday night. All the parents and students were incited. My parents and I went to school Thursday night. One of our neighbors said, “I bet you’ll win the contest, David. I bet you wrote what it’s like to be the son of an astronaut, and you’re the only one in town who could write about that.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I shrugged and then the first prize winner - Ellen was announced. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Surprised and thrilled, I went up to the stage. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I shrugged and then the first prize winner — Ellen was announced. Though deep down, I didn’t want to win just because my father was an astronaut, I was relieved and disappointed at the same time at the news. When Ellen read to the end, I heard a chorus of praise and saw tears running down my parents’ face. Somehow, a mixed feeling welled up in me. Will Dad feel disappointed? Maybe I should have written about being the son of an astronaut. Then the second prize winner was announced. To my amazement, it was me! Surprised and thrilled, I went up to the stage. Taking a deep breath, I started to read my essay “My Father’s Son.” He is a great astraunaut. But more importatly, he is a great father to me.“ Upon my finishing reading, the auditorium thundered with applause. When I went back to my seat, Dad put his hand on my shoulder. ”Son, this is the proudest moment of my life," he almost sobbed. It was the proudest moment of my life, too. Maybe I’ll never be a great hero, but just then, it was enough just to be my father’s son. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $