Unit 5 China and the World 中国与世界（话题阅读精练）英语仁爱科普版九年级下册

Unit 5 China and the World 中国与世界 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 记叙文 296 讲述了中国科学家黄旭华的生平事迹及其对中国核潜艇事业的贡献，强调了他的坚韧精神和对国家的奉献。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 335 介绍了中国女科学家颜宁的科学研究经历以及她的爱好。 实战演练 阅读理解 A 记叙文 256 介绍了2025年3月12日植树节当天，各界人士齐聚北京香山孙中山纪念堂纪念孙中山逝世100周年，介绍了孙中山生平、贡献及其思想对中国未来的影响 B 说明文 332 讲述了大自然对人类的多方面益处，包括对身体健康、心理健康以及经济的积极影响，强调了与自然建立关系的重要性。 完形填空 记叙文 320 讲述了中国著名地标“六尺巷”背后的有趣故事。 语法填空 说明文 252 介绍中国实行免签政策，更多外国人因此可以来中国旅游、经商和生活 时文阅读 Passage 1 Huang Xuhua (1926—2025), a great Chinese scientist, spent all his life making China stronger. His amazing achievements and strong spirit will always be remembered and will guide China’s future. Born in Guangdong, Huang saw his country suffer from foreign attacks. Because of these experiences, he made up his mind to study hard and use his knowledge to make his country stronger. In the 1950s, China began building nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang bravely joined this project. At that time, there wasn’t much modern technology, so this task was really challengeable. Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn’t share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families. So Huang was away from home for years. As they worked on designing the submarines, they faced many problems. For example, building a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was very difficult, and they couldn’t ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work. Another major challenge was ensuring the submarine could stay stable (稳固的) underwater. After many tests, they gradually found solutions to these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China successfully built and tested its first nuclear submarine. This made China one of the few countries that could do this. Huang didn’t stop there. He continued to improve submarine technology and received many awards for his hard work, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all. Young people should learn from his courage, bravery and resolutions. By facing challenges and working hard, we can help make China stronger and keep his spirit alive. 黄旭华（1926---2025），一位伟大的中国科学家，毕生致力于使中国更加强大。他卓越的成就和坚定的精神将永远被人们铭记，并指引中国的未来。 黄旭华出生于广东，目睹了祖国遭受外敌侵略。因为这些经历，他下定决心努力学习，用知识让祖国更强大。20世纪50年代，中国开始建造核潜艇。黄旭华勇敢地加入了这一项目。当时，现代技术十分匮乏，因此这项任务极具挑战。 在项目保密期间，黄旭华和他的团队面临了许多挑战。[他们]绝不能向组外任何人透露工作内容，甚至对家人也要保密。因此，黄旭华曾离家多年。在进行潜艇设计时，他们遇到了许多难题。例如，建造核反应堆非常困难，且他们无法向外国专家寻求帮助。相反，他们必须依靠自己的研究，并使用简单的工具进行科学工作。另一个主要挑战是确保潜艇在水下保持稳定。经过大量测试，他们逐步找到了解决这些问题的方法。 最终，在20世纪70年代，中国成功建造并测试了第一艘核潜艇。这使中国成为少数掌握该技术的国家之一。黄旭华并未止步于此。他继续改进潜艇技术，并因其辛勤工作获得了许多奖项，包括2019年的"共和国勋章"。 当我们缅怀黄旭华时，我们意识到他的一生激励着我们所有人。年轻人应学习他的勇气、胆识和决心。通过面对挑战、努力奋斗，我们能够帮助中国更加强大，并让他的精神永存。 【长难句分析】 1.原句: "Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn't share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families." 分析: 这是一个包含时间状语从句("while keeping...")的复合句。第二句中的"mustn't"表达了绝对禁止的含义，语气强烈。"not even their families"作为补充说明，通过否定进阶强调了保密程度的极端严格性。 2.原句: "For example, building a nuclear reactor was very difficult, and they couldn't ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work." 分析: 这里通过"For example"引出具体例证。"and"连接两个并列分句，说明困难的具体表现。"Instead"一词形成强烈转折，突出了在"无法求助"的困境下，团队转向"自力更生"的必然选择和艰苦条件("simple tools")。 3.原句: "As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all." 分析: "As"引导时间状语从句，同时隐含因果关系：因为缅怀，所以认识到其激励意义。"inspires us all"简洁有力。 译文处理: 采用"当...时，我们意识到..."的句式，流畅自然。"inspires us all"译为"激励着我们所有人"，保留了原文的感召力。 【重难词汇梳理】 1.suffer from 遭受，忍受 2.made up his mind 下定决心 3.nuclear submarines 核潜艇 4.challengeable 具有挑战性的 5.keep...a secret 对...保密 6.depend on 依靠，依赖 7.nuclear reactor 核反应堆 8.find solutions to 找到...的解决方案 9.keep his spirit alive 让他的精神永存 Passage 2 What do you think of a woman scientist? Perhaps you imagine a pair of thick glasses and messy hair. With her high-heeled shoes (高跟鞋) and beautiful postures, Yan Ning may break that boring type. Named “the goddess scientist”, Yan Ning, who was born in November, 1977 in Jinan, Shandong Province, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30, 2019, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign academicians (院士) into the National Academy of Sciences in the US at the age of 42. You may not know Yan’s success in biology, but she is a rising star in the science world and her experience is exciting. After graduating from Tsinghua University and Princeton University, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At the age of 30, she became one of China’s youngest-ever women professors. It was a long road to get where she is now. Yan likes to work at night. She says it’s because she can pay attention to something when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day, but she’s active, because research is the most “comfortable” job for her. Besides scientific research, Yan enjoys TV plays and classic novels. Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West encouraged her to become a structural (结构的) biologist. In the book, the Monkey King changes into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. On April 22, 2021, Yan was elected (选举) a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. On Nov. 1 st, 2022, she went back to our motherland, she has made great contributions to life science research. As Yan realizes her own dreams, she encourages more women to work for science and persist (坚持) in it. In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields. 你对女科学家有何印象？或许你会想象出一副厚厚的眼镜和凌乱的头发。但颜宁，凭借她的高跟鞋和优美的仪态，或许打破了这个刻板印象。被誉为"科学女神"的颜宁，1977年11月出生于山东省济南市，是美国普林斯顿大学一名顶尖的生物学研究员。2019年4月30日，时年42岁的她当选为美国国家科学院新晋100名成员和25名外籍院士之一。 你或许不了解颜宁在生物学上的成就，但她是科学界一颗冉冉升起的新星，她的经历令人振奋。从清华大学和普林斯顿大学毕业后，她于2007年受邀回到清华大学组建自己的实验室。30岁时，她成为了中国最年轻的女性教授之一。 她能有今天的地位，走过了一段漫长的道路。颜宁喜欢在晚上工作。她说这是因为当外界安静时，她可以专注于某事。她每天还至少工作14个小时，但她精力充沛，因为对她而言，研究是最"舒适"的工作。 除了科学研究，颜宁还喜欢追电视剧和阅读经典小说。令人惊讶的是，《西游记》这部小说激励她成为了一名结构生物学家。在书中，孙悟空能变成其他动物。她曾想知道，如果自己能改变形态会是什么样子。 2021年4月22日，颜宁当选美国艺术与科学院院士。2022年11月1日，她回到了祖国，为生命科学研究做出了巨大贡献。在颜宁实现自己梦想的同时，她也鼓励更多女性从事科学工作并坚持下去。在她看来，科学领域男性和女性之间没有差别。 实战演练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A On March 12, 2025, Tree Planting Day, people from all walks of life gathered at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Xiangshan, Beijing, to mark the 100th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the passing of the famous Chinese politician (政治家) and leader, Sun Yat-sen. The event included speeches about his life and achievement. Sun Yat-sen was born in 1866. He wanted to be a doctor at first. However, after seeing the essence of Chinese society clearly, he gave up being a doctor and his rich life but spent his life fighting for China’s freedom. In 1905, Sun Yat-sen set up the Chinese Revolutionary League (中国同盟会) in Japan. He played an important role in the 1911 Revolution, which ended more than 2,000 years of feudal (封建的) rule in China. This event was a turning point in China’s modern history, bringing about the founding of the Republic of China in 1912. Sun Yat-sen was not only a leader but also a thinker with great ideas. He created three main rules for China: love our country, let people have power, and make life better for everyone. These ideas helped shape China’s future. Even though Sun Yat-sen passed away 100 years ago, his courage and ideas have been encouraging us. People still remember him and all the brave people who fought for China’s bright future. Their stories remind us to keep working hard for a better China, just like Sun Yat-sen wanted. 1．Why did people get together in Xiangshan, Beijing? A．To miss Sun Yat-sen. B．To join in a speech about Sun Yat-sen. C．To celebrate Tree Planting Day. D．To learn the history of Tree Planting Day. 2．What does the underlined word “essence” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A．幻想 B．本质 C．精神 D．信号 3．When was a turning point in China’s modern history? A．In 1866. B．In 1905. C．In 1911. D．1912. 4．What are the three rules created by Sun Yat-sen? ①let people have power  ②study for the country  ③make life better for everyone  ④love our country A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．The Ways to Work Hard for a Better China B．The Three Main Rules for China C．The 100th Anniversary of Sun Yat-sen D．A Great Man in Chinese History 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了2025年3月12日植树节当天，各界人士齐聚北京香山孙中山纪念堂纪念孙中山逝世100周年，介绍了孙中山生平、贡献及其思想对中国未来的影响，表明其勇气和思想至今仍激励着人们。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“people from all walks of life gathered at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Xiangshan, Beijing, to mark the 100th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the passing of the famous Chinese politician (政治家) and leader, Sun Yat-sen.”可知，人们聚集是为了纪念孙中山先生逝世100周年。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“However, after seeing the essence of Chinese society clearly, he gave up being a doctor and his rich life but spent his life fighting for China’s freedom.”可知，孙中山放弃医生职业投身革命是因为他看清了当时中国社会的本质，“essence”指社会的“本质”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“He played an important role in the 1911 Revolution...This event was a turning point in China’s modern history”可知，1911革命是中国近代史上的一个转折点。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“He created three main rules for China: love our country, let people have power, and make life better for everyone.”可知，他为中国提出的三大原则是热爱祖国、民权自主、民生改善。正确组合为①③④。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了孙中山生平、贡献及其思想对中国未来的影响，表明其勇气和思想至今仍激励着人们，D项“中国历史上的伟人”最能概括本文。故选D。 B “I took a walk in the woods and came out taller than the trees,” said Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau was an American writer in the 1900s. He believed in the positive effects of nature on us. Today we know there are many benefits (益处) of nature in our lives. Thoreau felt stronger after a walk in the country. Recent research agrees. Researchers from the UK looked at 140 studies from around the world. When people spend time in nature, they have fewer illnesses. Research in Japan shows walking in the woods may also avoid cancer. Besides, children who live near parks are more fit and see better. Nature is good for our physical health. Perhaps even more important are the mental health benefits. Nature helps us feel more positive. When people did something in nature for 30 days, they reported greater happiness. Children had better concentration (专心). And adults felt less stressed. When people feel happier and less stressed, it has positive effects on the whole community. Time in nature helps people feel closer to their community. This makes crime cut down. In general, more green space leads to fewer violent crimes. The community is healthier overall. Another benefit of nature is economic (经济的). Living in nature makes people happier and healthier. While happier, healthier people have a better quality of life. They need less medicine and fewer hospitals. People miss less work, so businesses do better. Researchers say better quality of life is worth$6 trillion a year around the world. Nature is good for the economy. In today’s world, we don’t always have time to go outdoors. We can become too busy with school, work, and relationships. But our relationship with nature is very important. Time in nature has many benefits. And they are available to everyone for free. A walk in the woods might make us all feel taller than the trees. 6．What do we know about Thoreau? A．He is tall. B．He got cancer. C．He enjoys walking. D．He is an American traveller. 7．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Being healthier. B．Living in the community. C．Walking in the woods. D．Feeling closer to the community. 8．Why is nature good for the economy? A．Because the woods in nature are valuable. B．Because nature helps people do businesses better. C．Because the life in nature is worth $6 trillion a year. D．Because living in nature can help people have a good quality of life. 9．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us the benefits of nature. B．To teach us how to walk in the woods. C．To ask us to pay attention to our health. D．To show us a good relationship between nature and humans. 【答案】6．C 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了大自然对人类的多方面益处，包括对身体健康、心理健康以及经济的积极影响，强调了与自然建立关系的重要性。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“‘I took a walk in the woods and came out taller than the trees,’ said Henry David Thoreau.”以及第二段“Thoreau felt stronger after a walk in the country.”可知，Thoreau喜欢散步，并且散步后感觉更强壮。故选C。 7．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Time in nature helps people feel closer to their community. This makes crime cut down.”可知，在自然中的时间让人们感觉与社区更亲近，这导致犯罪减少。由此可推断，“This”指的是“感觉与社区更亲近”。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Living in nature makes people happier and healthier. While happier, healthier people have a better quality of life. They need less medicine and fewer hospitals. People miss less work, so businesses do better.”可知，大自然对经济有益是因为生活在自然中能帮助人们拥有更好的生活质量。故选D。 9．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出主题，第二、三、四段分别从身体健康、心理健康和经济三个方面阐述大自然的益处，第五段总结全文，强调与自然的关系很重要，最佳结构为B选项。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段“Today we know there are many benefits (益处) of nature in our lives.”以及最后一段“Time in nature has many benefits.”可知，本文的主要目的是告诉我们大自然的益处。故选A。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “Six-Foot Lane (巷子)” is a famous landmark in China. It has a(n) 1 story behind it. During the Qing Dynasty, there was a top official named Zhang Ying. His family lived in Tongcheng, Anhui province, next to the Wu family. There was a 2 lane between their houses. There was only about 3 feet of space between the land owned by the two families. One day, the Wu family wanted to build a new house that would take up this lane, but the Zhang family did not agree. A quarrel broke out, so they asked the local government for 3 . The county magistrate (县令) of the town dared not decide which side was right because both families were well-known. He didn’t know how to 4 the situation. Zhang Ying’s family felt upset, so they wrote him a letter about the problem 5 , asking Zhang Ying for ideas to work out this matter. After receiving the letter, Zhang Ying hoped that the Zhangs would get on well with their 6 and wrote a poem in reply, “Thousands of miles of a letter is only for a wall. Why not give up him three feet? The 7 still stands today. But where is the Empire Qishihuang now?” After reading his words, Zhang Ying’s family 8 and decided to give up three feet of land in the lane. The Wu family saw this and felt 9 , so they also agreed to abandon their plans for the new house, willing to give up three feet of their own land, thus 10 six-foot lane between the two houses. The story of “Six-Foot Lane” teaches us the importance of being modest and humble. It shows how we can solve problems by compromising (妥协). To build a harmonious society for people who are open-minded and respectful, this tradition needs to be passed down even more. 1．A．boring B．scaring C．interesting D．surprising 2．A．huge B．wide C．normal D．narrow 3．A．fun B．joy C．help D．love 4．A．deal with B．start with C．agree with D．come up with 5．A．loudly B．angrily C．proudly D．happily 6．A．friends B．neighbours C．families D．officials 7．A．Yu Garden B．Great Wall C．Palace Museum D．Summer Palace 8．A．understood B．refused C．explained D．recognized 9．A．sad B．annoyed C．moved D．interested 10．A．pushing B．expecting C．changing D．forming 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了中国著名地标“六尺巷”背后的有趣故事。 1．句意：它背后有一个有趣的故事。 boring无聊的；scaring害怕的；interesting有趣的；surprising令人吃惊的。根据“It has a(n)... story behind it.”并结合史实可知，“六尺巷”背后的故事是有趣的。故选C。 2．句意：他们的房子之间有一条狭窄的小巷。 huge巨大的；wide宽的；normal正常的；narrow狭窄的。根据“There was only about 3 feet of space between the land owned by the two families.”可知，两家的土地之间只有大约3英尺的距离，因此是狭窄的。故选D。 3．句意：一场争吵爆发了，所以他们向当地政府求助。 fun乐趣；joy欢乐；help帮助；love爱。根据“A quarrel broke out,”可知，两家因为巷子的使用问题产生了争执，所以他们向当地政府寻求帮助，希望政府能够介入调解。故选C。 4．句意：他不知道如何处理这种情况。 deal with处理；start with开始；agree with同意；come up with想出。根据“the situation”可知，县令不敢轻易判断哪一方是对的，因为他不知道如何处理这种情况。故选A。 5．句意：张英的家人感到很心烦，于是愤怒地给他写了一封信，询问张英解决这件事的办法。 loudly大声地；angrily生气地；proudly骄傲地；happily开心地。根据“Zhang Ying’s family felt upset,”可知，张家因为争执而感到心烦，所以他们生气地给张英写了一封信。故选B。 6．句意：张英收到信后，希望张家与邻居和睦相处，就写了一首诗回信说：“千里一封信，只为一堵墙。为什么不放弃他三英尺呢？长城至今仍屹立不倒。但是秦始皇现在在哪里呢？” friends朋友；neighbours邻居；families家人；officials官员。张家和吴家是邻里关系，此处指张英希望家人和邻居吴家和睦相处。故选B。 7．句意：长城至今仍屹立不倒。 Yu Garden豫园；Great Wall长城；Palace Museum故宫博物院；Summer Palace颐和园。根据“ But where is the Empire Qishihuang now?”可知，此处指长城。故选B。 8．句意：张英的家人看了他的话，明白了，决定放弃巷子里的三尺地。 understood明白；refused拒绝；explained解释；recognized认出。根据“Zhang Ying’s family... and decided to give up three feet of land in the lane.”可知，张英的家人决定放弃巷子里的三尺地，因此他们明白了张英的回信内容。故选A。 9．句意：吴家见此情景深受感动，也同意放弃新房的计划，愿意让出自己三尺的土地，两房之间形成了六尺的小巷。 sad伤心的；annoyed恼怒的；moved受感动的；interested感兴趣的。根据“The Wu family saw this and felt...”可知，吴家看到张家愿意退让，被他们的行为所感动。故选C。 10．句意：吴家见此情景深受感动，也同意放弃新房的计划，愿意让出自己三尺的土地，两房之间形成了六尺的小巷。 pushing推；expecting预期；changing改变；forming形成。根据“thus... six-foot lane between the two houses.”可知，两家都退让了三尺土地后，就形成了一条六尺宽的巷子。故选D。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，每空最多两个词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 It’s a great joy to have friends coming from a long distance. This is 1 famous Chinese saying, showing that China has always been a welcoming land. This ancient wisdom still shines 2 (bright) today. This year, China extends its visa-free policy (免签政策) to more countries. It means more foreign people can visit China, do business 3 live without having to worry about getting a visa. Emma is a university student 4 Romania, a country in eastern Europe. She loves China’s long history and culture. When she learned that her country was one of the countries included in China’s visa - free policy, she quickly 5 (book) a ticket to Shanghai. “I feel like I won a big prize,” Emma said. “I was able to eat delicious foods, walk through beautiful 6 (street), and even try writing with a brush.” Business people like David, are also 7 (excite). David comes from Denmark. With the new visa-free policy, David could visit China and go to a business meeting in Shenzhen. “I could talk to new partners without any visa problems,” David said. “It was a game-changer for 8 (I) and my business.” China’s visa-free policy is not just about tourism and business. It’s also about 9 (share) culture. Just like how we make new friends in school, now our country is making new friends with the world. It’s a warm 10 (invite) to international friends. Come and experience the beauty of our country and make amazing memories together! 【答案】 1．a 2．brightly 3．or 4．from 5．booked 6．streets 7．excited 8．me 9．sharing 10．invitation 【导语】本文主要介绍中国实行免签政策，更多外国人因此可以来中国旅游、经商和生活，不同外国人对此表达了欣喜之情，同时指出该政策还利于文化交流。 1．句意：这是一句著名的中国俗语。saying是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，famous发音以辅音音素开头 ，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：这句古老的智慧之言如今依然闪耀。shines是动词，需用副词修饰，bright的副词形式是brightly“明亮地”。故填brightly。 3．句意：这意味着更多外国人可以来中国旅游、经商或生活，而无需担心签证问题。do business和live是并列选择关系，故用or。故填or。 4．句意：艾玛是一名来自罗马尼亚的大学生，罗马尼亚是东欧的一个国家。根据“Romania”可知是来自罗马尼亚，from表示“来自”，符合语境。故填from。 5．句意：当她得知她的国家是中国免签政策涵盖的国家之一时，她迅速预订了去上海的机票。根据“When she learned...ticket to Shanghai.”可知，时态是一般过去时，book的过去式是booked。故填booked。 6．句意：艾玛说，“我能吃到美味食物，漫步在美丽的街道上，甚至还能尝试用毛笔写字。” street是可数名词，此处不止一条街道，应用复数形式streets。故填streets。 7．句意：像大卫这样的商人也很兴奋。excited用来形容人“感到兴奋的”，主语“Business people”指人。故填excited。 8．句意：大卫说：“这对我和我的生意来说是一个改变游戏规则的事。” for是介词，后接宾格形式，I的宾格是me。故填me。 9．句意：这也关乎文化交流。about是介词，后接动词-ing形式，share的-ing 形式是sharing。故填sharing。 10．句意：这是对国际友人的热情邀请。warm是形容词，后接名词，invite的名词形式是invitation，这里用单数形式。故填invitation。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 China and the World 中国与世界 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 记叙文 296 讲述了中国科学家黄旭华的生平事迹及其对中国核潜艇事业的贡献，强调了他的坚韧精神和对国家的奉献。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 335 介绍了中国女科学家颜宁的科学研究经历以及她的爱好。 实战演练 阅读理解 A 记叙文 256 介绍了2025年3月12日植树节当天，各界人士齐聚北京香山孙中山纪念堂纪念孙中山逝世100周年，介绍了孙中山生平、贡献及其思想对中国未来的影响 B 说明文 332 讲述了大自然对人类的多方面益处，包括对身体健康、心理健康以及经济的积极影响，强调了与自然建立关系的重要性。 完形填空 记叙文 320 讲述了中国著名地标“六尺巷”背后的有趣故事。 语法填空 说明文 252 介绍中国实行免签政策，更多外国人因此可以来中国旅游、经商和生活 时文阅读 Passage 1 Huang Xuhua (1926—2025), a great Chinese scientist, spent all his life making China stronger. His amazing achievements and strong spirit will always be remembered and will guide China’s future. Born in Guangdong, Huang saw his country suffer from foreign attacks. Because of these experiences, he made up his mind to study hard and use his knowledge to make his country stronger. In the 1950s, China began building nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang bravely joined this project. At that time, there wasn’t much modern technology, so this task was really challengeable. Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn’t share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families. So Huang was away from home for years. As they worked on designing the submarines, they faced many problems. For example, building a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was very difficult, and they couldn’t ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work. Another major challenge was ensuring the submarine could stay stable (稳固的) underwater. After many tests, they gradually found solutions to these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China successfully built and tested its first nuclear submarine. This made China one of the few countries that could do this. Huang didn’t stop there. He continued to improve submarine technology and received many awards for his hard work, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all. Young people should learn from his courage, bravery and resolutions. By facing challenges and working hard, we can help make China stronger and keep his spirit alive. 黄旭华（1926---2025），一位伟大的中国科学家，毕生致力于使中国更加强大。他卓越的成就和坚定的精神将永远被人们铭记，并指引中国的未来。 黄旭华出生于广东，目睹了祖国遭受外敌侵略。因为这些经历，他下定决心努力学习，用知识让祖国更强大。20世纪50年代，中国开始建造核潜艇。黄旭华勇敢地加入了这一项目。当时，现代技术十分匮乏，因此这项任务极具挑战。 在项目保密期间，黄旭华和他的团队面临了许多挑战。[他们]绝不能向组外任何人透露工作内容，甚至对家人也要保密。因此，黄旭华曾离家多年。在进行潜艇设计时，他们遇到了许多难题。例如，建造核反应堆非常困难，且他们无法向外国专家寻求帮助。相反，他们必须依靠自己的研究，并使用简单的工具进行科学工作。另一个主要挑战是确保潜艇在水下保持稳定。经过大量测试，他们逐步找到了解决这些问题的方法。 最终，在20世纪70年代，中国成功建造并测试了第一艘核潜艇。这使中国成为少数掌握该技术的国家之一。黄旭华并未止步于此。他继续改进潜艇技术，并因其辛勤工作获得了许多奖项，包括2019年的"共和国勋章"。 当我们缅怀黄旭华时，我们意识到他的一生激励着我们所有人。年轻人应学习他的勇气、胆识和决心。通过面对挑战、努力奋斗，我们能够帮助中国更加强大，并让他的精神永存。 【长难句分析】 1.原句: "Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn't share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families." 分析: 这是一个包含时间状语从句("while keeping...")的复合句。第二句中的"mustn't"表达了绝对禁止的含义，语气强烈。"not even their families"作为补充说明，通过否定进阶强调了保密程度的极端严格性。 2.原句: "For example, building a nuclear reactor was very difficult, and they couldn't ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work." 分析: 这里通过"For example"引出具体例证。"and"连接两个并列分句，说明困难的具体表现。"Instead"一词形成强烈转折，突出了在"无法求助"的困境下，团队转向"自力更生"的必然选择和艰苦条件("simple tools")。 3.原句: "As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all." 分析: "As"引导时间状语从句，同时隐含因果关系：因为缅怀，所以认识到其激励意义。"inspires us all"简洁有力。 译文处理: 采用"当...时，我们意识到..."的句式，流畅自然。"inspires us all"译为"激励着我们所有人"，保留了原文的感召力。 【重难词汇梳理】 1.suffer from 遭受，忍受 2.made up his mind 下定决心 3.nuclear submarines 核潜艇 4.challengeable 具有挑战性的 5.keep...a secret 对...保密 6.depend on 依靠，依赖 7.nuclear reactor 核反应堆 8.find solutions to 找到...的解决方案 9.keep his spirit alive 让他的精神永存 Passage 2 What do you think of a woman scientist? Perhaps you imagine a pair of thick glasses and messy hair. With her high-heeled shoes (高跟鞋) and beautiful postures, Yan Ning may break that boring type. Named “the goddess scientist”, Yan Ning, who was born in November, 1977 in Jinan, Shandong Province, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30, 2019, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign academicians (院士) into the National Academy of Sciences in the US at the age of 42. You may not know Yan’s success in biology, but she is a rising star in the science world and her experience is exciting. After graduating from Tsinghua University and Princeton University, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At the age of 30, she became one of China’s youngest-ever women professors. It was a long road to get where she is now. Yan likes to work at night. She says it’s because she can pay attention to something when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day, but she’s active, because research is the most “comfortable” job for her. Besides scientific research, Yan enjoys TV plays and classic novels. Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West encouraged her to become a structural (结构的) biologist. In the book, the Monkey King changes into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. On April 22, 2021, Yan was elected (选举) a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. On Nov. 1 st, 2022, she went back to our motherland, she has made great contributions to life science research. As Yan realizes her own dreams, she encourages more women to work for science and persist (坚持) in it. In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields. 你对女科学家有何印象？或许你会想象出一副厚厚的眼镜和凌乱的头发。但颜宁，凭借她的高跟鞋和优美的仪态，或许打破了这个刻板印象。被誉为"科学女神"的颜宁，1977年11月出生于山东省济南市，是美国普林斯顿大学一名顶尖的生物学研究员。2019年4月30日，时年42岁的她当选为美国国家科学院新晋100名成员和25名外籍院士之一。 你或许不了解颜宁在生物学上的成就，但她是科学界一颗冉冉升起的新星，她的经历令人振奋。从清华大学和普林斯顿大学毕业后，她于2007年受邀回到清华大学组建自己的实验室。30岁时，她成为了中国最年轻的女性教授之一。 她能有今天的地位，走过了一段漫长的道路。颜宁喜欢在晚上工作。她说这是因为当外界安静时，她可以专注于某事。她每天还至少工作14个小时，但她精力充沛，因为对她而言，研究是最"舒适"的工作。 除了科学研究，颜宁还喜欢追电视剧和阅读经典小说。令人惊讶的是，《西游记》这部小说激励她成为了一名结构生物学家。在书中，孙悟空能变成其他动物。她曾想知道，如果自己能改变形态会是什么样子。 2021年4月22日，颜宁当选美国艺术与科学院院士。2022年11月1日，她回到了祖国，为生命科学研究做出了巨大贡献。在颜宁实现自己梦想的同时，她也鼓励更多女性从事科学工作并坚持下去。在她看来，科学领域男性和女性之间没有差别。 实战演练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A On March 12, 2025, Tree Planting Day, people from all walks of life gathered at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Xiangshan, Beijing, to mark the 100th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the passing of the famous Chinese politician (政治家) and leader, Sun Yat-sen. The event included speeches about his life and achievement. Sun Yat-sen was born in 1866. He wanted to be a doctor at first. However, after seeing the essence of Chinese society clearly, he gave up being a doctor and his rich life but spent his life fighting for China’s freedom. In 1905, Sun Yat-sen set up the Chinese Revolutionary League (中国同盟会) in Japan. He played an important role in the 1911 Revolution, which ended more than 2,000 years of feudal (封建的) rule in China. This event was a turning point in China’s modern history, bringing about the founding of the Republic of China in 1912. Sun Yat-sen was not only a leader but also a thinker with great ideas. He created three main rules for China: love our country, let people have power, and make life better for everyone. These ideas helped shape China’s future. Even though Sun Yat-sen passed away 100 years ago, his courage and ideas have been encouraging us. People still remember him and all the brave people who fought for China’s bright future. Their stories remind us to keep working hard for a better China, just like Sun Yat-sen wanted. 1．Why did people get together in Xiangshan, Beijing? A．To miss Sun Yat-sen. B．To join in a speech about Sun Yat-sen. C．To celebrate Tree Planting Day. D．To learn the history of Tree Planting Day. 2．What does the underlined word “essence” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A．幻想 B．本质 C．精神 D．信号 3．When was a turning point in China’s modern history? A．In 1866. B．In 1905. C．In 1911. D．1912. 4．What are the three rules created by Sun Yat-sen? ①let people have power  ②study for the country  ③make life better for everyone  ④love our country A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．The Ways to Work Hard for a Better China B．The Three Main Rules for China C．The 100th Anniversary of Sun Yat-sen D．A Great Man in Chinese History B “I took a walk in the woods and came out taller than the trees,” said Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau was an American writer in the 1900s. He believed in the positive effects of nature on us. Today we know there are many benefits (益处) of nature in our lives. Thoreau felt stronger after a walk in the country. Recent research agrees. Researchers from the UK looked at 140 studies from around the world. When people spend time in nature, they have fewer illnesses. Research in Japan shows walking in the woods may also avoid cancer. Besides, children who live near parks are more fit and see better. Nature is good for our physical health. Perhaps even more important are the mental health benefits. Nature helps us feel more positive. When people did something in nature for 30 days, they reported greater happiness. Children had better concentration (专心). And adults felt less stressed. When people feel happier and less stressed, it has positive effects on the whole community. Time in nature helps people feel closer to their community. This makes crime cut down. In general, more green space leads to fewer violent crimes. The community is healthier overall. Another benefit of nature is economic (经济的). Living in nature makes people happier and healthier. While happier, healthier people have a better quality of life. They need less medicine and fewer hospitals. People miss less work, so businesses do better. Researchers say better quality of life is worth$6 trillion a year around the world. Nature is good for the economy. In today’s world, we don’t always have time to go outdoors. We can become too busy with school, work, and relationships. But our relationship with nature is very important. Time in nature has many benefits. And they are available to everyone for free. A walk in the woods might make us all feel taller than the trees. 6．What do we know about Thoreau? A．He is tall. B．He got cancer. C．He enjoys walking. D．He is an American traveller. 7．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Being healthier. B．Living in the community. C．Walking in the woods. D．Feeling closer to the community. 8．Why is nature good for the economy? A．Because the woods in nature are valuable. B．Because nature helps people do businesses better. C．Because the life in nature is worth $6 trillion a year. D．Because living in nature can help people have a good quality of life. 9．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us the benefits of nature. B．To teach us how to walk in the woods. C．To ask us to pay attention to our health. D．To show us a good relationship between nature and humans. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “Six-Foot Lane (巷子)” is a famous landmark in China. It has a(n) 1 story behind it. During the Qing Dynasty, there was a top official named Zhang Ying. His family lived in Tongcheng, Anhui province, next to the Wu family. There was a 2 lane between their houses. There was only about 3 feet of space between the land owned by the two families. One day, the Wu family wanted to build a new house that would take up this lane, but the Zhang family did not agree. A quarrel broke out, so they asked the local government for 3 . The county magistrate (县令) of the town dared not decide which side was right because both families were well-known. He didn’t know how to 4 the situation. Zhang Ying’s family felt upset, so they wrote him a letter about the problem 5 , asking Zhang Ying for ideas to work out this matter. After receiving the letter, Zhang Ying hoped that the Zhangs would get on well with their 6 and wrote a poem in reply, “Thousands of miles of a letter is only for a wall. Why not give up him three feet? The 7 still stands today. But where is the Empire Qishihuang now?” After reading his words, Zhang Ying’s family 8 and decided to give up three feet of land in the lane. The Wu family saw this and felt 9 , so they also agreed to abandon their plans for the new house, willing to give up three feet of their own land, thus 10 six-foot lane between the two houses. The story of “Six-Foot Lane” teaches us the importance of being modest and humble. It shows how we can solve problems by compromising (妥协). To build a harmonious society for people who are open-minded and respectful, this tradition needs to be passed down even more. 1．A．boring B．scaring C．interesting D．surprising 2．A．huge B．wide C．normal D．narrow 3．A．fun B．joy C．help D．love 4．A．deal with B．start with C．agree with D．come up with 5．A．loudly B．angrily C．proudly D．happily 6．A．friends B．neighbours C．families D．officials 7．A．Yu Garden B．Great Wall C．Palace Museum D．Summer Palace 8．A．understood B．refused C．explained D．recognized 9．A．sad B．annoyed C．moved D．interested 10．A．pushing B．expecting C．changing D．forming 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，每空最多两个词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 It’s a great joy to have friends coming from a long distance. This is 1 famous Chinese saying, showing that China has always been a welcoming land. This ancient wisdom still shines 2 (bright) today. This year, China extends its visa-free policy (免签政策) to more countries. It means more foreign people can visit China, do business 3 live without having to worry about getting a visa. Emma is a university student 4 Romania, a country in eastern Europe. She loves China’s long history and culture. When she learned that her country was one of the countries included in China’s visa - free policy, she quickly 5 (book) a ticket to Shanghai. “I feel like I won a big prize,” Emma said. “I was able to eat delicious foods, walk through beautiful 6 (street), and even try writing with a brush.” Business people like David, are also 7 (excite). David comes from Denmark. With the new visa-free policy, David could visit China and go to a business meeting in Shenzhen. “I could talk to new partners without any visa problems,” David said. “It was a game-changer for 8 (I) and my business.” China’s visa-free policy is not just about tourism and business. It’s also about 9 (share) culture. Just like how we make new friends in school, now our country is making new friends with the world. It’s a warm 10 (invite) to international friends. Come and experience the beauty of our country and make amazing memories together! 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $