Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites Welcome to the unit &Reading 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语导学案针对高二选择性必修三U4-1 Welcome - Reading设计，核心围绕“文化遗产保护”主题，梳理heritage、preserve、conflict等21个核心词汇及wear down、in ruins等短语，涵盖词性、释义、搭配及派生词，搭建从词汇理解到阅读分析的学习支架。课堂导入通过关联已学文化话题，引导学生衔接新旧知识，为阅读活动奠定语言基础。 资料特色显著，词汇梳理系统全面，助力学生夯实语言能力；精题精练与能力拓展训练梯度分明，从语法填空、短语填空到七选五、完形填空，锻炼学生逻辑分析与推断的思维品质；课后巩固含多样阅读及写作任务，引导主动探究，培养自主学习能力，整体设计贴合新课标核心素养，便于教师教学与学生高效学习。

年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修三 U4-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.heritage n. 遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色） cultural heritage 文化遗产 natural heritage 自然遗产 the UNESCO World Heritage List 联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录 2.awe vt. 使敬畏；使惊叹 n. [ U] 敬畏；惊叹 He speaks of her with awe. ‘It's magnificent,’ she whispered in awe. awesome adj. 可怕的，引起敬畏的 aweless adj. 不知畏惧的；大胆的；不威严的 3.civilization n.文明; 文明世界；文明社会 ancient civilization 古老的文明 alien civilization 外星文明 superior civilization 优越的文明 civil adj. 公民的；民间的; 有礼貌的 civil rights 民事权利, 公民权利, 民权 civil servant 文职人员, 公务员, 公仆 civil war 内战, 南北战争 civil law 民法；民事法；罗马法系 civil defence 民防 civil liberty 公民自由；公民自由权 civilize vi.  变得文明 vt. 使文明；教化；使开化 civilized adj. 文明的；有礼貌的 4.preserve vt.保护；维护；保留; 贮存；保鲜 preserve stability 保持稳定 preserve species保护物种 preserve memory 保存记忆 preserve the environment 保护环境 preservative adj.  防腐的；有保存力的；有保护性的 preservable adj.  可保存的；可保管的；能储藏的 preservation n. 保存，保留 preserver n.  保护者，保护人；保护剂，防腐剂；储藏柜 5.urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的 urgent circumstances 紧急情况 an urgent need for 对...的迫切需要 urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地； urgency n.  紧急；催促；紧急的事 6.wear down（使）磨损；（使）逐渐磨平 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损, 损耗, 损坏 wear a smile 面带微笑 wear out 精疲力竭；穿破, 磨损 wear off 逐渐减弱, 逐渐消失 7.ruin vt. 毁坏；破坏；糟蹋 n. [U] 毁坏；破坏；毁灭 ruin one’s health 破坏健康 ruin one’s reputation 砸牌子；毁掉声誉 ruin one’s career 毁掉前程；毁掉职业生涯 A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution. ruins 残垣断壁；废墟 in ruins 毁坏, 严重受损, 破败不堪 8.incredible adj.不能相信的；难以置信的 近义词：unbelievable incredibly adv. 极其；难以置信地 9.violence n. [ U] 暴力；暴行 domestic violence家庭暴力；家暴 violent暴力的；猛烈的 violently猛烈地，激烈地；极端地 violate vt. 违反；侵犯，妨碍；亵渎 10.conflict n.（军事）冲突；战斗; 矛盾；不一致 vi. 冲突，抵触 resolve/settle/solve a conflict 解决冲突 conflict resolution 解决冲突；化解冲突 in conflict with 和…冲突；同……相冲突；与……有冲突 conflict zone 冲突区；冲突地带；冲突区域 cultural conflicts 文化冲突；文化的冲突 eliminate conflicts 化解冲突 conflict with 相冲突；冲突与；触犯 conflicting adj. 冲突的；相矛盾的；不一致的 11.status n. 地位；身份；职位 statue n. 雕塑，雕像，塑像 state n. 状态；国家; 州；邦 12.internal adj. 内部的；里面的 近义词：inner；内政的；国内的 近义词：domestic internally adv. 内部地；国内地；内在地 external adj. 外部的; 对外的 近义词：outer externally adv. 外部地；外表上，外形上 13.outcome n. 结果；效果 final outcome 最后结局 positive outcome 积极成果；正面的成果 inevitable outcome 必然结果／定局 desired outcome 期望成果；预期成果；理想成果 favourable outcome 有利的结果 反义词：income n. 收入 14.ecology n. [ U] 生态；生态学 ecological adj. 生态的，生态学的 ecologically adv.  从生态学的观点看 ecologist n.  生态学者 15.agenda n.议程表，议事日程 put sth. on the agenda 把…摆在议事日程 hidden agenda 秘密议程；不可告人的目的 set the agenda 制定议程；影响（或决定）行动计划 16.nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉；钉子 vt. （用钉子）钉牢，固定 tough as nail 很强壮；坚忍不拔 hit the nail on the head 说到点子上, 正中要害 nail down 钉牢；困住；明确 17.panel n.专家咨询组；嵌板，镶板; 金属板 solar panel 太阳能电池板 instrument panel 仪表板；仪表盘 assessment panel 评估小组；评审小组 expert panel 专家组；专家研究小组 18.specialist n.专家; 专科医生 近义词：expert n.专家；行家；能手 special adj.特别的；专门的，专用的 specially adv.特别地；专门地 specialize v.专门从事；详细说明；特化 specialize in 专攻 19.assess vt. 评估，评定; 估算，估定，核定 assessable adj. 可估价的；可评价的；可征收的； assessment n. 评定；估价 assessor n. 评审员；确定税款的人；顾问 20.collapse vi. （突然）倒塌，坍塌; 昏倒，晕倒 n. 倒塌; 昏倒 totally/completely collapse 完全崩溃;完全覆灭 21. consultation n. 咨询；商讨；磋商 consult with 协商；商量；征求 consult/refer to dictionary 查阅字典 consult a specialist 咨询专家 consultive adj.  咨询的 consultant n.  顾问；咨询者；会诊医生 consultation n.  咨询；磋商；[临床] 会诊；讨论会 consultancy n.  咨询公司；顾问工作 21. suspend vt. 悬；挂；吊；暂停 suspend payment 停止付款 immediately suspend 立即延缓；立刻推迟 suspend sb. from 因…暂停；从…停职；中止 suspend judgement 缓期宣判 suspend sentence 缓刑 suspensive adj.  暂停的；悬而不决的 suspension n.  悬浮；暂停；停职 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1.The group has expressed concern about reports of political 　　　　　　(violent) in Africa.  2.Our losses are 　　　　　　(incredible) small, viewed in the light of what has been accomplished.  3.Lin Qiaozhi was a 　　　　　　(special) in women’s diseases and she safely delivered more than 5,000 babies in her life.  4.Sorry to disturb you, but I have something 　　　　　　(urgency) to tell you.  5.With new applicants, we offer a one-time brief free-of-charge phone 　　　　　　(consult) with our experts.  6.Private cars,as the product of modern 　　　　　　(civilize), have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society.  7.We should plant more trees. If 　　　　　　, the soil in this area will be washed away once there is heavy rain.  8.(2021北京卷)Moreover, the 　　　　　　(old) you are, the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument.  9.It is important to 　　　　　　(assessment) our suitability for a certain career.  10.The area will also include a marina, a park and an 　　　　　　(awe) public place for walking.  二、短语填空 be faced with,in need of,wear down,lead to,break out,on purpose,give rise to,wear and tear,be typical of,at the thought of 1.Bicycle parts are exposed to 　　　　　　　　　　　　over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents, etc.  2.The steps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　over the years by all those passing feet.  3.I was full of joy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　seeing my best friends again.  4.She stayed awake 　　　　　　　　　until half past eleven to have a good look at the moon by herself.  5.They 　　　　　　　　　　　　the problem whether they should carry on.  6.Heated arguments and cold silence can 　　　　　　　　　　　a breakdown in your relationship.  7.The climate of a place is the general weather conditions that 　　　　　　　　　　　　it.  8.Thinking of all the people still 　　　　　　　　　　　　help, Doctor Lin opened a private clinic.  9.As the quality of the city’s air continues to 　　　　　　　　　　　concerns, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.  10.A major fire 　　　　　　　　　at Notre Dame, which dates back to the year of 1163.  答案一.1.violence 　2.incredibly　3.specialist　4.urgent　5.consultation 6.civilization　7.not　8.older　9.assess 　10.awesome 二.1.wear and tear 　2.have been worn down　3.at the thought of　4.on purpose　5.are faced with　6.lead to　7.are typical of　8.in need of　9.give rise to　10.broke out 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 With the popularity of electronic devices, you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book. ____1____ So, how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading, as well as the habits of a lifelong reader? First of all, be sure to choose accessible books. Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids. ____2___ A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent. ___3____ Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read. Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable. ___4____ Such fun books as Captain Underpants, comics, and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose. Finally, create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories. ___5____ Read while lying on the beach, or snuggle up with family and a beloved book. When associating reading with the happy memories, kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older. A. There are endless means of doing this. B. To improve their reading skills is essential. C. Books with top-level difficulty are unavailable. D. Reading is a fantastic way to relax and reduce stress. E. The benefits of reading are beyond question even in the digital age. F. Even so, you’d better single out books appropriate to their reading levels. G. The joint reading sessions are invaluable for your child’s growth as a reader. 二、完形填空 Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Seott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's____1____. As a kid, he was abstracted and uninterested in science and all other ____2____ as well. He couldn't____3____ what the teachers were saying, spending most of his time in school daydreaming. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never____4____ his dreams. That all ____5____ when he picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. ____6____at last, he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in science classes. So that day, he ____7____ his mind to do well in it. After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be ____8____. But he started thinking about it like a game. The more he ____9____ his study skills, the more he gained and the better he got. ____10____, it became a(n) ____11____ with himself to see how good he could get. No one was more surprised than him when a____12____ daydreamer started getting straight A's in science, which is essential to be an astronaut. So we need to stop ____13____ the statement that science is just too hard. If you're students who have been told "you are not a science people" or " your brain doesn't think that way", just ____14____the comments! Everyone who wants to can learn this stuff — they just have to be ____15____to do the work. 1. A. unusual B. abnormal C. wrong D. illegal 2. A. schedules B. goals C. subjects D. students 3. A. work on B. set about C. think about D. focus on 4. A. reach B. acknowledge C. fulfill D. observe 5. A. finished B. realized C. happened D. changed 6. A. Inspired B. Disappointed C. Satisfied D. Shocked 7. A. gave up B. made up C. formed into D. got into 8. A. possible B. difficult C. easy D. wonderful 9. A. planned B. practiced C. arranged D. exchanged 10. A. Particularly B. Surprisingly C. Fortunately D. Eventually 11. A. principle B. deal C. competition D. compromise 12. A. real B. former C. formal D. last 13. A. commenting B. breaking C. furthering D. making 14. A. apply B. ignore C. return D. handle 15. A. forced B. expected C. equal D. willing 三、语法填空 So, how can you proceed? Firstly, lifelong learning is___1____attitude. Lifelong learners are those who have an open mind. Be ____2____(object) and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas. Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe. At the same time, you need to develop ____3____(criticize) thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas. Instead, you should inquire ____4____(far) to access the truth of what you are being told. Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning — for example, you should register online and subscribe____5____ e-learning courses, which have become ___6___(increase) popular in recent years. You could also visit the local library, ____7____resources are rich and diverse. Finally, understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know, because for knowledge to have concrete value, it must ___8____(apply). Importantly, ____9____its application, there must then follow a review process of analysis, evaluation and improvement so that your ____10_____(comprehend) of the world becomes a continuous process. 答案：七选五： 1. E 2. F 3. G 4. C 5. D 完形填空： 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 语法填空1. an 2. objective 3. critical 4. further 5. to 6. increasingly 7. where 8. be applied 9. after 10. comprehension 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A If you're at the early stages of your career and you're not yet sure the path you want to take but you know you want to help people, you're in the right place. There are so many different ways in which we can have a positive influence through the work we do. So keep reading if you want to learn more about these ways. Family Social Worker A family social worker role allows you to work directly with young people and families who are going through challenging situations. It's a job that presents great variety and gives you the opportunity to help people repair damaged situations and relationship breakdowns, supporting everyone involved in the way that's best for them moving forward. Defense Lawyer If you have a legal background or it's something you're interested in, entering the field of defense law and helping people who are in need of affordable representation might be the career you're looking for. Lots of people suffer from a lack of adequate legal representation and there are ethical （道德的）lawyers out there who aim to fill that gap for them and provide them with the legal advice and representation they require. Consultant or Youth Worker Consulting or youth work is an important field of work, and you can get started on that career path with a degree in consulting. These career paths involve guiding and helping young people who are in need of direct support, and it requires a sympathetic nature and the ability to communicate very well. It's certainly an important and worthwhile line of work to enter. Dietician or Nutritionist If you're someone who's interested in health and food, you combine those interests with your desire to help people and pursue a career as a dietician or nutritionist. More and more people are turning to these kinds of specialists in order to live healthier and longer lives. It's a branch of healthcare that's becoming more important and more in demand. 1. What's the purpose of the passage? A. To give job information to people who haven't landed jobs. B. To instruct people on how to find a career which interest them. C. To provide career options for people who want to help others. D. To persuade people to combine work with serving the community. 2. If you prefer to work with young people, which of the following jobs may interest you? A. Family Social Worker and Defense Lawyer. B. Family Social Worker and Consultant or Youth Worker. C. Consultant or Youth Worker and Dietician or Nutritionist. D. Defense Lawyer and Dietician or Nutritionist. 3. What will a defense lawyer do? A. Repair damaged situation and relations. B. Guide people to enter a field of defense law. C. Fill the gap between the rich and the poor. D. Provide people with legal representation and advice. B A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I made up my mind to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”. The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!” By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Make a firm decision, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签). I can now call myself a “marathon winner”. 4. How did the author feel a month before the marathon? A. Confident. B. Tired. C. Determined. D. Hopeless. 5. Why did the author mention the P. E. class in his 7th year? A. To share a precious memory. B. To show he was not talented in sports. C. To amuse the readers with a funny story. D. To acknowledge the support of his teacher. 6. How was the author’s first marathon? A. He made it. B. He quit halfway. C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end. 7. What does the story mainly tell us? A. One is never too old to learn. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. A winner is one with a great effort of will. D. A man owes his success to his family support. C Consider what goes through your mind after you’ve taken your seat on an airplane. You’ve not seen the captain, but his or her voice comes over the air. “Hello, this is your captain speaking.” Are you about to fly the friendly skies? What you probably don’ realize is that you do make quick judgments (判断) based on very few factors the moment you hear “hello”. Experts have discovered that “hello” carries enough information for listeners to draw judgments about the speakers personality, such as how reliable (可信赖的) he or she is. They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. The word “hello” was then picked from each recording, and 320 different students listened to that word through a computer. The students were asked to score the voices according to personality, including attractiveness and warmth, giving them points from l to 10. Although every voice was played in one third a second, the students formed an opinion quickly. It is amazing that from such short voices of speech they can get such an obvious impression of a person. And whether it is correct, their impressions are mostly the same as what the other listeners get. The research also suggests that people’ impressions are based on the tone (语调) of voice. Men and women who present the strength of their voices are regarded as more reliable. The speed with which the students made their judgments makes much sense. Deciding who to trust can be important to your survival. There’s no point in listening to someone talk for 5 minutes to decide if they’re reliable or not — you could be dead already. The discovery may help improve computer-made voice technologies, experts say. 8. Why does the author mention “the captain” in paragraph 1? A. To present a fact. B. To make a prediction. C. To introduce a new research. D. To explain the rule on a plane. 9. How did the students tell the speakers’ personality? A. Making telephone calls. B. Playing voices at high speeds. C. Picking “hello” from conversations. D. Listening to and scoring the records of “hello”. 10. What can we do to leave a good first impression? A. Make a long speech. B. Give powerful voice. C. Follow other listeners. D. Speak as fast as possible. 11. What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. The secret to tallying for 5 minutes. B. The different ways you say “hello”. C. The application in voice technologies. D. The method of listening with attention. D Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twiter and now, TikTok. These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income(中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about $63,000 in 2018. Tiktokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and Tiktokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month—$360,000 a year,. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes undeserved admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of Tiktok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be conventionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics(伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great can make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of Tiktok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 12. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph1 refer to? A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media. C. A job offered by Tiktok. D. Staying connected to the Internet. 13. What do the numbers given in paragraph 2 show? A. TikTokers are earning money easily. B. Tiktokers are richer than average people. C. Most Tiktokers can become millionaires overnight. D. Popular TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 14. Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A. They tend to live an adult life too soon. B. They are forced to pay for certain services. C. They may abandon other social media. D. They are likely to develop false value. 15. What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A. Tiktok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 答案： 1.C 2.B 3.D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Tom约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示歉意； 2.说明原因； 3.另约时间。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: I would like to give you my apology for my not being able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. The reason is that I have to attend an important seminar that afternoon, which is about my graduation paper. I hope this change won’t bother you. What do you think of going there on the morning of Saturday? I think we will have more time to choose the books we like on weekends. If it is not convenient for you, we can set it another time, as I am available this weekends. I sincerely hope that you will be able to forgive me and accept my apologies. 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I felt so nervous. It was the day of my interview. I woke up early just to make sure I would have time to get prepared. It felt like a normal Monday, but for me, this day was very important. There was a lot of pressure. After showering, I put on the outfit I had carefully chosen and laid out the night before. I looked at my reflection in the mirror. “You can do this,” I encouraged myself. I ate breakfast and fed my cat. I made my way to the bus stop and waited patiently. Aside from the rapid tapping of my right foot, no one could tell that I was so nervous. When I arrived at my stop, I walked to the office. The building was so tall and I felt small in its shadow. But I also felt hopeful. This will be a great opportunity, I thought. And what is there to lose? Looking down at my watch, I noticed that I was early. This allowed plenty of time to review my resume (简历) and further prepare myself for the interview. The doors of the building were impressive, all steel and glass and very modern. When I walked in, someone showed me the waiting area and offered me a cup of coffee. After a few moments, a man in a nice suit told me to join him. As we walked toward the elevators, I began to feel anxious. The palms of my hands began to sweat. It seemed like an hour had passed before I heard the “ding” of the elevators opening. We got into the elevator, full of men and women dressed to the nines. “It’s quite a large office,” the man said to me. I chuckled nervously. I could feel myself getting warmer. I couldn’t wait to hear that comforting “ding” that signaled an escape. As the elevator climbed, I again nervously checked my watch. Just as I looked down, it happened. Paragraph 1: The elevator came to a stop between floors. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I thought that this must be the worst interview ever. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 The elevator came to a stop between floors. My nervousness turned into fear at once. But I immediately realized that it was better to act than to just stand. First, I pressed the emergency button. Then I asked people to lean their backs against the wall of the elevator and adjust their breathing. But suddenly, a man jumped up and down irritably. “What a terrible elevator!” he said angrily. I rushed to stop him. “Please stop! It could be very dangerous. We should calm down and wait for help!” Fortunately, everyone calmed down then. We just waited and waited. I felt anxious and checked my watch. I thought that this must be the worst interview ever. Obviously, I would be late, and I thought that the interviewers couldn’t be in a good mood. Finally, the rescuers arrived, and as soon as the door opened, I prepared to run to the office. But all of a sudden, a hand rested on my shoulder. I turned around and saw the man smiling at me. “Don’t worry, young man. You’ve done a good job. Congratulations on passing the interview.” I chuckled in surprise. Version 2 The elevator came to a stop between floors. Not knowing what was wrong, everyone in it got nervous quickly. Someone pressed the emergency button, and we were told that it would take the rescue team at least an hour to complete the repair work, which meant we had to be trapped in this narrow and hot space, waiting. Hearing this, people were anxious, and I couldn’t help worrying about the interview. With the clock ticking, I fell into desperation. I thought that this must be the worst interview ever. I was so frustrated that my well-prepared resume wouldn’t work. Just when I gave up hope, the beautiful “ding” sound set me free from those messy thoughts. A receptionist in a suit stopped me after I had stepped out of the elevator and informed me of another interview opportunity because of the incident. At that moment, I could hardly describe my excitement. Life is just like a box of chocolates, and we never know what we will get. So don’t quit hoping even in the face of difficulty. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修三 U4-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.heritage n. 遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色） cultural heritage 文化遗产 natural heritage 自然遗产 the UNESCO World Heritage List 联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录 2.awe vt. 使敬畏；使惊叹 n. [ U] 敬畏；惊叹 He speaks of her with awe. ‘It's magnificent,’ she whispered in awe. awesome adj. 可怕的，引起敬畏的 aweless adj. 不知畏惧的；大胆的；不威严的 3.civilization n.文明; 文明世界；文明社会 ancient civilization 古老的文明 alien civilization 外星文明 superior civilization 优越的文明 civil adj. 公民的；民间的; 有礼貌的 civil rights 民事权利, 公民权利, 民权 civil servant 文职人员, 公务员, 公仆 civil war 内战, 南北战争 civil law 民法；民事法；罗马法系 civil defence 民防 civil liberty 公民自由；公民自由权 civilize vi.  变得文明 vt. 使文明；教化；使开化 civilized adj. 文明的；有礼貌的 4.preserve vt.保护；维护；保留; 贮存；保鲜 preserve stability 保持稳定 preserve species保护物种 preserve memory 保存记忆 preserve the environment 保护环境 preservative adj.  防腐的；有保存力的；有保护性的 preservable adj.  可保存的；可保管的；能储藏的 preservation n. 保存，保留 preserver n.  保护者，保护人；保护剂，防腐剂；储藏柜 5.urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的 urgent circumstances 紧急情况 an urgent need for 对...的迫切需要 urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地； urgency n.  紧急；催促；紧急的事 6.wear down（使）磨损；（使）逐渐磨平 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损, 损耗, 损坏 wear a smile 面带微笑 wear out 精疲力竭；穿破, 磨损 wear off 逐渐减弱, 逐渐消失 7.ruin vt. 毁坏；破坏；糟蹋 n. [U] 毁坏；破坏；毁灭 ruin one’s health 破坏健康 ruin one’s reputation 砸牌子；毁掉声誉 ruin one’s career 毁掉前程；毁掉职业生涯 A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution. ruins 残垣断壁；废墟 in ruins 毁坏, 严重受损, 破败不堪 8.incredible adj.不能相信的；难以置信的 近义词：unbelievable incredibly adv. 极其；难以置信地 9.violence n. [ U] 暴力；暴行 domestic violence家庭暴力；家暴 violent暴力的；猛烈的 violently猛烈地，激烈地；极端地 violate vt. 违反；侵犯，妨碍；亵渎 10.conflict n.（军事）冲突；战斗; 矛盾；不一致 vi. 冲突，抵触 resolve/settle/solve a conflict 解决冲突 conflict resolution 解决冲突；化解冲突 in conflict with 和…冲突；同……相冲突；与……有冲突 conflict zone 冲突区；冲突地带；冲突区域 cultural conflicts 文化冲突；文化的冲突 eliminate conflicts 化解冲突 conflict with 相冲突；冲突与；触犯 conflicting adj. 冲突的；相矛盾的；不一致的 11.status n. 地位；身份；职位 statue n. 雕塑，雕像，塑像 state n. 状态；国家; 州；邦 12.internal adj. 内部的；里面的 近义词：inner；内政的；国内的 近义词：domestic internally adv. 内部地；国内地；内在地 external adj. 外部的; 对外的 近义词：outer externally adv. 外部地；外表上，外形上 13.outcome n. 结果；效果 final outcome 最后结局 positive outcome 积极成果；正面的成果 inevitable outcome 必然结果／定局 desired outcome 期望成果；预期成果；理想成果 favourable outcome 有利的结果 反义词：income n. 收入 14.ecology n. [ U] 生态；生态学 ecological adj. 生态的，生态学的 ecologically adv.  从生态学的观点看 ecologist n.  生态学者 15.agenda n.议程表，议事日程 put sth. on the agenda 把…摆在议事日程 hidden agenda 秘密议程；不可告人的目的 set the agenda 制定议程；影响（或决定）行动计划 16.nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉；钉子 vt. （用钉子）钉牢，固定 tough as nail 很强壮；坚忍不拔 hit the nail on the head 说到点子上, 正中要害 nail down 钉牢；困住；明确 17.panel n.专家咨询组；嵌板，镶板; 金属板 solar panel 太阳能电池板 instrument panel 仪表板；仪表盘 assessment panel 评估小组；评审小组 expert panel 专家组；专家研究小组 18.specialist n.专家; 专科医生 近义词：expert n.专家；行家；能手 special adj.特别的；专门的，专用的 specially adv.特别地；专门地 specialize v.专门从事；详细说明；特化 specialize in 专攻 19.assess vt. 评估，评定; 估算，估定，核定 assessable adj. 可估价的；可评价的；可征收的； assessment n. 评定；估价 assessor n. 评审员；确定税款的人；顾问 20.collapse vi. （突然）倒塌，坍塌; 昏倒，晕倒 n. 倒塌; 昏倒 totally/completely collapse 完全崩溃;完全覆灭 21. consultation n. 咨询；商讨；磋商 consult with 协商；商量；征求 consult/refer to dictionary 查阅字典 consult a specialist 咨询专家 consultive adj.  咨询的 consultant n.  顾问；咨询者；会诊医生 consultation n.  咨询；磋商；[临床] 会诊；讨论会 consultancy n.  咨询公司；顾问工作 21. suspend vt. 悬；挂；吊；暂停 suspend payment 停止付款 immediately suspend 立即延缓；立刻推迟 suspend sb. from 因…暂停；从…停职；中止 suspend judgement 缓期宣判 suspend sentence 缓刑 suspensive adj.  暂停的；悬而不决的 suspension n.  悬浮；暂停；停职 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1.The group has expressed concern about reports of political 　　　　　　(violent) in Africa.  2.Our losses are 　　　　　　(incredible) small, viewed in the light of what has been accomplished.  3.Lin Qiaozhi was a 　　　　　　(special) in women’s diseases and she safely delivered more than 5,000 babies in her life.  4.Sorry to disturb you, but I have something 　　　　　　(urgency) to tell you.  5.With new applicants, we offer a one-time brief free-of-charge phone 　　　　　　(consult) with our experts.  6.Private cars,as the product of modern 　　　　　　(civilize), have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society.  7.We should plant more trees. If 　　　　　　, the soil in this area will be washed away once there is heavy rain.  8.(2021北京卷)Moreover, the 　　　　　　(old) you are, the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument.  9.It is important to 　　　　　　(assessment) our suitability for a certain career.  10.The area will also include a marina, a park and an 　　　　　　(awe) public place for walking.  二、短语填空 be faced with,in need of,wear down,lead to,break out,on purpose,give rise to,wear and tear,be typical of,at the thought of 1.Bicycle parts are exposed to 　　　　　　　　　　　　over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents, etc.  2.The steps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　over the years by all those passing feet.  3.I was full of joy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　seeing my best friends again.  4.She stayed awake 　　　　　　　　　until half past eleven to have a good look at the moon by herself.  5.They 　　　　　　　　　　　　the problem whether they should carry on.  6.Heated arguments and cold silence can 　　　　　　　　　　　a breakdown in your relationship.  7.The climate of a place is the general weather conditions that 　　　　　　　　　　　　it.  8.Thinking of all the people still 　　　　　　　　　　　　help, Doctor Lin opened a private clinic.  9.As the quality of the city’s air continues to 　　　　　　　　　　　concerns, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.  10.A major fire 　　　　　　　　　at Notre Dame, which dates back to the year of 1163.  【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 With the popularity of electronic devices, you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book. ____1____ So, how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading, as well as the habits of a lifelong reader? First of all, be sure to choose accessible books. Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids. ____2___ A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent. ___3____ Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read. Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable. ___4____ Such fun books as Captain Underpants, comics, and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose. Finally, create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories. ___5____ Read while lying on the beach, or snuggle up with family and a beloved book. When associating reading with the happy memories, kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older. A. There are endless means of doing this. B. To improve their reading skills is essential. C. Books with top-level difficulty are unavailable. D. Reading is a fantastic way to relax and reduce stress. E. The benefits of reading are beyond question even in the digital age. F. Even so, you’d better single out books appropriate to their reading levels. G. The joint reading sessions are invaluable for your child’s growth as a reader. 二、完形填空 Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Seott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's____1____. As a kid, he was abstracted and uninterested in science and all other ____2____ as well. He couldn't____3____ what the teachers were saying, spending most of his time in school daydreaming. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never____4____ his dreams. That all ____5____ when he picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. ____6____at last, he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in science classes. So that day, he ____7____ his mind to do well in it. After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be ____8____. But he started thinking about it like a game. The more he ____9____ his study skills, the more he gained and the better he got. ____10____, it became a(n) ____11____ with himself to see how good he could get. No one was more surprised than him when a____12____ daydreamer started getting straight A's in science, which is essential to be an astronaut. So we need to stop ____13____ the statement that science is just too hard. If you're students who have been told "you are not a science people" or " your brain doesn't think that way", just ____14____the comments! Everyone who wants to can learn this stuff — they just have to be ____15____to do the work. 1. A. unusual B. abnormal C. wrong D. illegal 2. A. schedules B. goals C. subjects D. students 3. A. work on B. set about C. think about D. focus on 4. A. reach B. acknowledge C. fulfill D. observe 5. A. finished B. realized C. happened D. changed 6. A. Inspired B. Disappointed C. Satisfied D. Shocked 7. A. gave up B. made up C. formed into D. got into 8. A. possible B. difficult C. easy D. wonderful 9. A. planned B. practiced C. arranged D. exchanged 10. A. Particularly B. Surprisingly C. Fortunately D. Eventually 11. A. principle B. deal C. competition D. compromise 12. A. real B. former C. formal D. last 13. A. commenting B. breaking C. furthering D. making 14. A. apply B. ignore C. return D. handle 15. A. forced B. expected C. equal D. willing 三、语法填空 So, how can you proceed? Firstly, lifelong learning is___1____attitude. Lifelong learners are those who have an open mind. Be ____2____(object) and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas. Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe. At the same time, you need to develop ____3____(criticize) thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas. Instead, you should inquire ____4____(far) to access the truth of what you are being told. Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning — for example, you should register online and subscribe____5____ e-learning courses, which have become ___6___(increase) popular in recent years. You could also visit the local library, ____7____resources are rich and diverse. Finally, understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know, because for knowledge to have concrete value, it must ___8____(apply). Importantly, ____9____its application, there must then follow a review process of analysis, evaluation and improvement so that your ____10_____(comprehend) of the world becomes a continuous process. 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A If you're at the early stages of your career and you're not yet sure the path you want to take but you know you want to help people, you're in the right place. There are so many different ways in which we can have a positive influence through the work we do. So keep reading if you want to learn more about these ways. Family Social Worker A family social worker role allows you to work directly with young people and families who are going through challenging situations. It's a job that presents great variety and gives you the opportunity to help people repair damaged situations and relationship breakdowns, supporting everyone involved in the way that's best for them moving forward. Defense Lawyer If you have a legal background or it's something you're interested in, entering the field of defense law and helping people who are in need of affordable representation might be the career you're looking for. Lots of people suffer from a lack of adequate legal representation and there are ethical （道德的）lawyers out there who aim to fill that gap for them and provide them with the legal advice and representation they require. Consultant or Youth Worker Consulting or youth work is an important field of work, and you can get started on that career path with a degree in consulting. These career paths involve guiding and helping young people who are in need of direct support, and it requires a sympathetic nature and the ability to communicate very well. It's certainly an important and worthwhile line of work to enter. Dietician or Nutritionist If you're someone who's interested in health and food, you combine those interests with your desire to help people and pursue a career as a dietician or nutritionist. More and more people are turning to these kinds of specialists in order to live healthier and longer lives. It's a branch of healthcare that's becoming more important and more in demand. 1. What's the purpose of the passage? A. To give job information to people who haven't landed jobs. B. To instruct people on how to find a career which interest them. C. To provide career options for people who want to help others. D. To persuade people to combine work with serving the community. 2. If you prefer to work with young people, which of the following jobs may interest you? A. Family Social Worker and Defense Lawyer. B. Family Social Worker and Consultant or Youth Worker. C. Consultant or Youth Worker and Dietician or Nutritionist. D. Defense Lawyer and Dietician or Nutritionist. 3. What will a defense lawyer do? A. Repair damaged situation and relations. B. Guide people to enter a field of defense law. C. Fill the gap between the rich and the poor. D. Provide people with legal representation and advice. B A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I made up my mind to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”. The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!” By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Make a firm decision, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签). I can now call myself a “marathon winner”. 4. How did the author feel a month before the marathon? A. Confident. B. Tired. C. Determined. D. Hopeless. 5. Why did the author mention the P. E. class in his 7th year? A. To share a precious memory. B. To show he was not talented in sports. C. To amuse the readers with a funny story. D. To acknowledge the support of his teacher. 6. How was the author’s first marathon? A. He made it. B. He quit halfway. C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end. 7. What does the story mainly tell us? A. One is never too old to learn. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. A winner is one with a great effort of will. D. A man owes his success to his family support. C Consider what goes through your mind after you’ve taken your seat on an airplane. You’ve not seen the captain, but his or her voice comes over the air. “Hello, this is your captain speaking.” Are you about to fly the friendly skies? What you probably don’ realize is that you do make quick judgments (判断) based on very few factors the moment you hear “hello”. Experts have discovered that “hello” carries enough information for listeners to draw judgments about the speakers personality, such as how reliable (可信赖的) he or she is. They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. The word “hello” was then picked from each recording, and 320 different students listened to that word through a computer. The students were asked to score the voices according to personality, including attractiveness and warmth, giving them points from l to 10. Although every voice was played in one third a second, the students formed an opinion quickly. It is amazing that from such short voices of speech they can get such an obvious impression of a person. And whether it is correct, their impressions are mostly the same as what the other listeners get. The research also suggests that people’ impressions are based on the tone (语调) of voice. Men and women who present the strength of their voices are regarded as more reliable. The speed with which the students made their judgments makes much sense. Deciding who to trust can be important to your survival. There’s no point in listening to someone talk for 5 minutes to decide if they’re reliable or not — you could be dead already. The discovery may help improve computer-made voice technologies, experts say. 8. Why does the author mention “the captain” in paragraph 1? A. To present a fact. B. To make a prediction. C. To introduce a new research. D. To explain the rule on a plane. 9. How did the students tell the speakers’ personality? A. Making telephone calls. B. Playing voices at high speeds. C. Picking “hello” from conversations. D. Listening to and scoring the records of “hello”. 10. What can we do to leave a good first impression? A. Make a long speech. B. Give powerful voice. C. Follow other listeners. D. Speak as fast as possible. 11. What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. The secret to tallying for 5 minutes. B. The different ways you say “hello”. C. The application in voice technologies. D. The method of listening with attention. D Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twiter and now, TikTok. These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income(中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about $63,000 in 2018. Tiktokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and Tiktokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month—$360,000 a year,. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes undeserved admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of Tiktok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be conventionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics(伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great can make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of Tiktok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 12. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph1 refer to? A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media. C. A job offered by Tiktok. D. Staying connected to the Internet. 13. What do the numbers given in paragraph 2 show? A. TikTokers are earning money easily. B. Tiktokers are richer than average people. C. Most Tiktokers can become millionaires overnight. D. Popular TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 14. Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A. They tend to live an adult life too soon. B. They are forced to pay for certain services. C. They may abandon other social media. D. They are likely to develop false value. 15. What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A. Tiktok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Tom约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示歉意； 2.说明原因； 3.另约时间。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I felt so nervous. It was the day of my interview. I woke up early just to make sure I would have time to get prepared. It felt like a normal Monday, but for me, this day was very important. There was a lot of pressure. After showering, I put on the outfit I had carefully chosen and laid out the night before. I looked at my reflection in the mirror. “You can do this,” I encouraged myself. I ate breakfast and fed my cat. I made my way to the bus stop and waited patiently. Aside from the rapid tapping of my right foot, no one could tell that I was so nervous. When I arrived at my stop, I walked to the office. The building was so tall and I felt small in its shadow. But I also felt hopeful. This will be a great opportunity, I thought. And what is there to lose? Looking down at my watch, I noticed that I was early. This allowed plenty of time to review my resume (简历) and further prepare myself for the interview. The doors of the building were impressive, all steel and glass and very modern. When I walked in, someone showed me the waiting area and offered me a cup of coffee. After a few moments, a man in a nice suit told me to join him. As we walked toward the elevators, I began to feel anxious. The palms of my hands began to sweat. It seemed like an hour had passed before I heard the “ding” of the elevators opening. We got into the elevator, full of men and women dressed to the nines. “It’s quite a large office,” the man said to me. I chuckled nervously. I could feel myself getting warmer. I couldn’t wait to hear that comforting “ding” that signaled an escape. As the elevator climbed, I again nervously checked my watch. Just as I looked down, it happened. Paragraph 1: The elevator came to a stop between floors. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I thought that this must be the worst interview ever. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $