内容正文:
专题15 句子翻译(下)
目录
考情分析与命题趋势 1
知识体系构建 2
考点精析与突破 3
考点一:高考句子翻译主要考点(重点) 3
考点二:四字格、俚语俗语网络用语翻译(难点) 11
实战精练与提升 19
考情解读
一、考试要求
上海高考英语翻译题,是对考生词汇、语法、句型结构等基础知识和实际运用能力的综合考查。高考中汉译英多为简单句或复合句,题目所给定的提示词汇也是常用词,但学生必须在比较两种语言的基础上,结合所学的语言知识翻译出不仅意思准确,而且符合英语表达习惯的好句子。上海历年高考中译英的考察点主要有:时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。值得注意的是近年试题中经常出现一些华丽的中文词藻或日常生活化表达。
二、命题分析
题型与分值
4 句,分值为 3 - 3 - 4 - 5,总分 15 分。
核心考查
1. 词汇层面:聚焦动词、名词等核心词汇,侧重一词多义、熟词僻义及固定搭配的灵活运用,还会考查 “爱不释手”“固执己见” 等四字格或俗语的翻译。 2. 语法层面:重点考查时态、语态、非谓语动词,以及定语、状语等从句的运用,同时涉及强调句、倒装句等特殊句式。 3. 语言应用层面:考查中英文语序调整、句式拆分与合并等转换能力,要求译文符合英语表达习惯,还需把握语境语气,体现跨文化交际意识。
命题特点
1. 选材贴近实际:内容多围绕日常生活、校园场景、社会热点等具体场景。 2. 给出提示词限定:题目会标注需使用的关键词,若译文未用该词会扣分,引导考生精准运用指定词汇。 3. 难度稳中有梯度:整体难度稳定,题目从基础表达逐步过渡到复杂句式与语境理解,最后 1 - 2 题常以长句形式呈现,提升区分度。 4. 注重语境与地道性:不仅要求译文准确,还强调表达地道,部分词汇需结合语境意译,避免直译导致的生硬表达。
知识梳理
考点精讲
· 考点一:高考句子翻译主要考点
解题策略
1. 根据时态标志词:判断时态。
2. 根据时态定义:准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。
3. 根据语境暗示:有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,通过“语境暗示”,正确分析语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。
4. 根据并列谓语:当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时,它们之间可能是同时发生,也可能有一定的先后关系,我们可以根据这种谓语动词的关系来判定时态。同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词的时态要一致。
1.倒装句型
否定词及否定意思的短语位于句首
Only+状语(介词、副词、从句)位于句首
So/Such 位于句首
adj. / adv. / n. / v. + as / though + S + V ( 让步状语从句)
【典型例题】
(2011年高考)1.自从出国留学后,她就不再和我们保持联系了。 (No longer)
【答案】No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.
(2013年高考)2.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目,就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)
【答案】 No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.
2.There be句型 常描述存在或有无的关系,有具体的时态和非谓语形式。
There is no need (for sb.)to do...
There is no doubt that...
There is no sense/point doing...
There is no possibility that...
There is no denying that...
【典型例题】
(2016年高考)1.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗?(point)
【答案】Is there any point lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?
3.as句型
as译为“随着”
as译为“正如”,用于非限制性定语从句
as译为“虽然” 表语/状语/谓语动词原形 +as + 主谓
as…as 像…一样…
【典型例题】
(2019年秋考)1.随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那位业余自行车手的夺冠梦想不再遥不可及。(normal)
【答案】 As his physical strength returns to normal, the amateur cyclist’s dream of winning a championship
will no longer be beyond reach.
(2020 年春考)2. 正如那本小册子介绍的那样,这里的司机都有礼让行人的习惯。(As)
1 As is introduced in the booklet/brochure/leaflet, the drivers here share the habit of politely giving way to/making way for pedestrians.
2 As the brochure put it, all the drivers here form the habit of politely waiting till the pedestrians go/cross (the street) first.
4.、以“it”用法为主的考点
常需要用形式主语来翻译的情况:
It做形式主语(指代to do/doing/主语从句)
(1)It’s + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.
(2)It so happened that…
(3)It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…
(4)在含有某些形容词的句子中,如important, necessary, impossible, natural, common, strange等。
(5)It’s likely that…
(6)It is the first / second time that …have done;
It was the first time that…had done;
It is (high/about) time that…did;
It is time for sb. to do sth.
(7)It is up to sb to do sth.
【典型例题】
1.(2010年高考)我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论,就尽早让公众知晓。(once)
【答案】We all agree that once the conclusion of the investigation is drawn, it will be made known to the public as soon as possible.
2.(2012年高考)能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)
【答案】It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.
it做形式宾语(指代to do/doing/宾语从句)
find / feel / think / consider + it + adj. / n. +(for sb) + to do sth. / that…
make it a rule to do / that …雷打不动。。。
3.(2020春考)每周三,这些大学生都会雷打不动地去孤儿院做志愿者,教孩子们剪纸和编织。(a rule)
1 These college students make it a rule to volunteer in the orphanage every Wednesday, teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructing the kids how to paper-cut and knit.
2 These college students make it a rule to go to the orphanage as volunteers every Wednesday, teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructing the kids to do paper-cutting and weaving/knitting.
It用于强调句型(陈述,一般疑问,特殊疑问)
4.直到20世纪后期,中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世界对他们刮目相看。(It...that)
It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to surprise the world with their excellent performances at the Olympics.
5.名词性从句what句型,译为“……的是”
What matters is ...
What impresses/surprises/interests sb.is...
What sb be concerned about is ...
【典型例题】
1.(2015年高考)这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。(W h a t)
【答案】What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life.
2.(2019年秋考)究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性?(motivate)
【答案】What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
6、以从句为主的考点
(2025年浦东新区一模)
国家艺术馆收藏了大量的国内外艺术作品,人们漫步其间,探寻时光的足迹,感受历史与文化的交融。(where)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The National Art Gallery collects a large number of domestic and foreign art works, where people can stroll around, explore the footprints of time and feel the integration of history and culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、定语从句和并列谓语。“收藏了大量的” 翻译为 collect a large number of,“国内外艺术作品” 翻译为 domestic and foreign art works,“漫步其间” 翻译为 stroll around,“探寻时光的足迹” 翻译为 explore the footprints of time,“感受历史与文化的交融” 翻译为 feel the integration of history and culture。先行词为 The National Art Gallery,在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词 where 引导。故翻译为 The National Art Gallery collects a large number of domestic and foreign art works, where people can stroll around, explore the footprints of time and feel the integration of history and culture.
(2025年杨浦一模)
在90年代,这种疾病因其复杂性,曾被误诊为流感类疾病,如今人们已经认识到它是一种罕见的精神障碍。(whose) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________
【答案】In the 1990s, this disease, whose complexity once led to its misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness, is now recognized as a rare mental disorder.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句中“因其复杂性”根据题干要求,用定语从句表达,其中“其复杂性”翻译为
“whose complexity”;“曾被误诊为流感类疾病”用“once led to misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness”表示,使用一般
过去时;“如今人们已经认识到”用“is now recognized as”表示,使用现在时态,表述一种现状;“在90年代”翻译为“In the 1990s”;“一种罕见的精神障碍”用“a rare mental disorder”表达。故译为:In the 1990s, this disease, whose complexity once led to its misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness, is now recognized as a rare mental disorder.
(2025年金山一模)
55. 火箭不断成功发射与更新换代,这些都是我国国力日益强盛、科技实力日新月异的象征。(which)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】Rockets are successfully launched and updated constantly, which symbolizes the increasingly strong national strength and rapid technological advancement of our country.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和定语从句。句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,“火箭”译为rocket,使用复数形式作句子主语,“发射和更新换代”译为launch and update,“成功”使用副词successfully作状语,“不断”使用副词constantly作状语;launch and update和主语rockets之间是被动关系,用被动语态,即Rockets are successfully launched and updated constantly,“这些”指代前边的整个句子,可使用which引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,“象征”译为symbolize,which指代句子作主语,从句谓语使用第三人称单数形式,后接宾语“国力日益强壮”译为the increasingly strong national strength,“科技实力日新月异”译为rapid technological advancement,“我国”译为our country,即which symbolizes the increasingly strong national strength and rapid technological advancement of our country。故整句翻译为Rockets are successfully launched and updated constantly, which symbolizes the increasingly strong national strength and rapid technological advancement of our country.
备注:尤其状语从句while, when, before和since句型常考
while...,.... 虽然…但是(仍旧)…..., while ...... ..., 而……
......was/were doing...when...did ...正在...这时突然......
... had hardly done... when... did... 一......就......
It will be/was +时段before+句子
It is/has been+时段since+一般过去时的句子
【典型例题】
1.(2016高考)我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)
【答案】The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.
2.(2019秋考)值得一提的是,在王老师的影响下,她(他)的同事们更关注孩子们的努力,而不是他们的成绩。(as…as…)
What is worth mentioning is that under Mrs.(Mr.)Wang’s influence her colleagues lay not as
much emphasis on their kids’ performance as on their effort.
7、以非谓语为主的考点
(2025·上海徐汇·二模)
31. 这家餐厅成功地将传统烹饪技艺融入现代国际美食中,创造出独特的风味。(integrate)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The restaurant has succeeded in integrating traditional cooking techniques into modern international cuisine, thus creating a unique flavor.
【考点】动名词 integrating 作介词 in 的宾语,形成 succeed in doing sth. 固定搭配;后半句用现在分词短语 thus creating... 作结果状语,避免再写一个并列句。
(2025·上海崇明·二模)
24. 为抵御台风来袭,志愿者们正顶风冒雨,挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。(regardless of)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Volunteers are going from door to door, reminding residents to bring their potted plants indoors regardless of the wind and rain.
【考点】现在分词短语 reminding... 作伴随状语,用非谓语形式补充说明主语 volunteers 的次要动作;若改为谓语 remind 则需再添加并列连词,破坏简洁度。
(2025年虹口一模)
54. 不少艺人走上街头传播多种艺术形式的同时,也传递正能量,为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息。(atmosphere)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Many artists went onto the streets to spread various art forms and convey positive energy, adding a rich cultural atmosphere to the city.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。根据所给中文句子,“不少艺人”作主语,译为“many artists”,“走上街头”可用短语:go onto the streets,描述已发生的事,用一般过去时,“传播多种艺术形式的同时,也传递正能量”,表目的,用不定式作目的状语,译为“to spread various art forms and convey positive energy”,“为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息”为结果状语,“增添”用动词add,和逻辑主语前文提到的事之间是主动关系,用现在分词形式,“浓厚的人文气息”根据提干要求用atmosphere,译为“a rich cultural atmosphere”,add…to…意思为:将……添加到……中。故译为Many artists went onto the streets to spread various art forms and convey positive energy, adding a rich cultural atmosphere to the city.
8、以动词或动词短语为主的考点
(2025年奉贤一模)
55. 这位原本深耕于科研领域的女学者,凭借自己坚持不懈的努力,历经极度严苛的训练,最终成为了一名宇航员。(engage) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】With her own unremitting efforts and extremely rigorous training, the female scholar, who was originally deep in the field of scientific research eventually became an astronaut.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、副词、形容词、定语从句和动词时态。“凭借自己坚持不懈努力,历经极度严苛的训练”可以用with+宾语结构,表示为with her own unremitting efforts and extremely rigorous training,其中
副词“极其”extremely,修饰形容词rigorous“严苛的”作状语;主语是 the female scholars表示“女学者”,“这位原本深耕于科研领域的”可以表达为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词scholar,且在定语从句中作主语,用who引导,“原本地”是originally,作状语,“深耕于科研领域”表示为be deep in the field of scientific research,结合句子陈述过去的事实,用一般过去时,be动词用was,即主语部分为the female scholar, who was originally deep in the field of scientific research;谓语“成为”become,系动词,过去式为became,an astronaut表示“一名宇航员”,作表语。故翻译为With her own unremitting efforts and extremely rigorous training, the female scholar, who was originally deep in the field of scientific research eventually became an astronaut.
(2025年黄浦区一模)
54. 无论从哪个方面看,写作都是一个有百利无一害,且适用于每个普通人的技能。(apply)(汉译英)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】
From any perspective, writing is a skill that offers nothing but benefits and applies to every ordinary person.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、定语从句和时态。“无论从哪个方面看”用短语from any perspective;“写作”翻译为writing;“技能”用名词 skill,后接定语从句,先行词skill在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导;“有百利无一害”翻译为offer nothing but benefits;“适用于”用短语apply to;“每个普通人”翻译为every ordinary person。陈述现在事实,用一般现在时。故翻译为From any perspective, writing is a skill that offers nothing but benefits and applies to every ordinary person.
(2025年青浦一模)
52.AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。 (integrate)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
AI has gradually integrated into creative arts, filling life with surprises.
【解析】“已经慢慢融入”,结合语境用现在完成时,“融入” 是 integrate into;“让生活充满惊喜”,此处用现在分词短语作结果状语,fill...with... 表示 “使…… 充满……” 。
(2025年嘉定一模)
55. 她将中国深厚的传统文化与西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法融为一体,赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力。 (combine) (汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】She combined China’s profound traditional culture with Western classical music composition and performance techniques, giving music a new life and expressiveness.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为she;表示“将……结合”短语为combine…with…;表示“中国深厚的传统文化”为China’s profound traditional culture;表示“西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法”翻译为Western classical music composition and performance techniques;表示“赋予”应用动词give,“赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力”是上文产生的意料之中结果,give用现在分词形式作结果状语,表示“赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力”翻译为giving music a new life and expressiveness。事情已发生,为一般过去时。故翻译为She combined China’s profound traditional culture with Western classical music composition and performance techniques, giving music a new life and expressiveness.
· 考点二:四字格、俚语俗语网络用语翻译
解题策略
1、信:清晰准确(从整体上把握句子结构,抓住主谓宾)
2、达:通畅明白(避免生涩翻译,用简单的词和短语)
3、雅:简明优雅(避免从句繁复,多使用形容词、介词短语或分词结构)
【例题精讲】
【例1】 在很多地区,旅游业对环境的影响简直触目惊心,但人们往往因为旅游业带来的经济利益而对此置若罔闻。(a blind eye)
【答案】In many places, the impact of tourism on the environment is really shocking, but people usually turn a blind eye to it just because of the economic benefits tourism brings about.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。turn a blind eye to(对…… )视而不见;because of 因为;bring about带来。句中先行词为benefits,在定语从句中作bring about的宾语,所以用关系代词which或that引导,也可以省略。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。根据句意,故翻译为In many places, the impact of tourism on the environment is really shocking, but people usually turn a blind eye to it just because of the economic benefits tourism brings about.
【例2】 和学生时代的他相比,那名士兵简直判若两人。(How)(2019上海高考)
【答案】How different the soldier is from what he was in his school days !
【详解】考查感叹句、时态和名词性从句。How+形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语!from后的宾语从句中,从句缺少表语,且指物,所以用连接词what。根据句意,用一般现在时。故翻译为How different the soldier is from what he was in his school days !
【例3】 随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那名业余自行车手的夺冠之梦不再遥不可及。(normal)2019上海高考)
【答案】As his physical strength returns to normal, the amateur cyclist’s dream of winning championship will no longer be beyond reach.
【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。本句为as引导的时间状语从句,从句中表示“体力”应用短语physical strength,作主语;表示“恢复正常”可知短语为return to normal,从句为一般现在时;主句中表示“业余自行车手”短语为amateur cyclist;表示“夺冠之梦”可翻译为dream of winning championship;表示“不再”短语为no longer;表示“遥不可及”短语为beyond reach,主句应用一般将来时。故翻译为As his physical strength returns to normal, the amateur cyclist’s dream of winning championship will no longer be beyond reach.
【拓展】
1.(2012高考)在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate)
At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new (type of) electronic toys (witch/ that) children were looking forward to.
2.(2013高考)演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.
3.(2016高考) 我真的希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。(hope)
I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.
4.(2016高考)我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.
5. (2019春考)博物馆疏于管理,展品积灰,门厅冷落,急需改善。(whose)
This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.
或
The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
6.(2019秋考)与他学生时代相比,那位士兵简直判若两人。(How)
How different a person the soldier now is from what he was at school!
7.(2019秋考)随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那位业余自行车手的夺冠梦想不再遥不可及。(normal)
As his physical strength returns to normal, the amateur cyclist’s dream of winning a championship will no longer be beyond reach.
8.(2017年高考)1.有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著,立竿见影,且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It)
It is claimed that weight-loss pills have an effective and immediate effect and are harmless / do no harm to our body, but it is far from the truth / case.
9.(2019春考)让我的父母非常满意的是,从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园,从起居室也可以。(so)
To my parents' satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.
或者 What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
附1、2025届上海高考英语一模系列 || “汉译英” 之 “成语&俗语&网语”
词语
出处
原句
翻译
解析
脱颖而出(成语)
虹口一模 52 题
你下了那么大功夫,准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。(bound)
You’ve put in so much effort that you’re bound to stand out in the academic competition.
“脱颖而出” 指才能或本领全部显露出来,翻译用 “stand out”(突出、显眼),符合语境中 “在竞赛中表现突出” 的含义。
垂涎三尺(俗语)
长宁一模 52 题
北京烤鸭烤好时,香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。(by the time)
By the time the Peking duck was ready, the smell had made all the foreign diners’ mouths water.
“垂涎三尺” 形容极其渴望,翻译用固定搭配 “make one’s mouth water”(让人流口水),生动对应俗语的形象感。
换位思考(俗语)
徐汇一模 53 题
与人相处时,我们应该学会换位思考并体谅他人的难处。(considerate)
When we get along with others, we should learn to put ourselves in others’ shoes and be considerate of their difficulties.
“换位思考” 指站在他人角度思考,翻译用 “put oneself in others’ shoes”(设身处地),是英语中对应俗语。
挺身而出(成语)
杨浦一模 52 题
面对不公,他毫不犹豫地挺身而出,捍卫正义。(hesitate)
Facing injustice, he didn’t hesitate to step forward and defend justice.
“挺身而出” 指勇敢站出来承担责任,翻译用 “step forward”(站出来),简洁传达 “主动行动” 的含义。
水漫金山(成语)
静安一模 52 题
记得修水管,否则厨房很快就会水漫金山。(or)
Remember to fix the pipe, or the kitchen will soon be flooded.
“水漫金山” 形容水势极大(此处指积水),翻译用 “be flooded”(被淹没),精准对应场景中 “积水严重” 的状态。
不遗余力(俗语)
金山一模 52 题
国产品牌正在不遗余力地争取更大的市场份额。(share)
Domestic brands are sparing no efforts to gain a larger market share.
“不遗余力” 指用尽全部力量,翻译用 “spare no efforts”(不节省力气),为固定短语,贴合原意。
日新月异(成语)
金山一模 55 题
火箭不断成功发射与更新换代,这些都是我国国力日益强盛、科技实力日新月异的象征。(which)
Rockets are successfully launched and updated constantly, which symbolizes the increasingly strong national strength and rapid technological advancement of our country.
“日新月异” 指发展极快,翻译用 “rapid technological advancement”(技术快速进步),体现 “变化快” 的核心含义。
有百利无一害(俗语)
黄浦一模 54 题
无论从哪个方面看,写作都是一个有百利无一害,且适用于每个普通人的技能。(apply)
From any perspective, writing is a skill that offers nothing but benefits and applies to every ordinary person.
“有百利无一害” 指只有好处没有坏处,翻译用 “offers nothing but benefits”(只带来好处),直接对应俗语含义。
新手小白(网语)
黄浦一模 55 题
包括新手小白和高级玩家在内的多位受访者表示,他们热衷于攀岩是因为这项运动需要他们富有创造性地解决问题。(range)
A dozen interviewees, ranging from beginners to professionals, said they were enthusiastic about rock climbing because it required them to solve problems creatively.
“新手小白” 为网络用语,指初学者,翻译用 “beginners”(新手),简洁对应网语含义。
网红(网语)
宝山一模 53 题
你觉得我们中学生有必要那么关注网红吗?(it)
Do you think it necessary for us middle school students to pay so much attention to Internet celebrities?
“网红” 为网络用语,指网络红人,翻译用 “Internet celebrities”(网络名人),是通用译法。
攻坚克难(成语)
宝山一模 54 题
请记住:面对困难和挑战,恒心和耐心可以帮助我们攻坚克难,走向成功。(overcome)
Please remember: in the face of difficulties and challenges, perseverance and patience can help us overcome difficulties and achieve success.
“攻坚克难” 指克服艰难险阻,翻译用 “overcome difficulties”(克服困难),精准传达 “战胜挑战” 的含义。
上当受骗(俗语)
宝山一模 55 题
他这几天在网上老是收到陌生人的红包。幸亏他没打开,才没有上当受骗。(avoid)
These days, he has always received red envelopes from strangers online. Fortunately, he didn’t open them and thus avoided being cheated.
“上当受骗” 指被欺骗,翻译用 “being cheated”(被欺骗),直接对应俗语的核心意思。
无所不能(俗语)
嘉定一模 53 题
在当前乃至未来很长一段时间,人工智能并非无所不能。(far from)
Artificial intelligence is far from being equal to anything at present and for a long time to come.
“无所不能” 指什么都能做,翻译用 “being equal to anything”(能胜任任何事),通过 “far from” 体现 “并非” 的否定含义。
附2、2025届上海高考英语二模系列 || “汉译英” 之 “成语&俗语&网语”
词语
出处
原句
翻译(基于解析版)
解析
交相辉映
虹口二模 2 题
民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。
Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technologies.
“交相辉映” 指事物相互映照、相得益彰,解析用 “combine...with...”(结合)体现传统与技术的融合互动,贴合 “相互增色” 的含义。
依水而兴
虹口二模 4 题
上海是一座依水而兴的城市,江河湖海相伴相依,并提供众多与城市地标相关的特色娱乐体验。
As a city that grows/develops by/on water, Shanghai is surrounded by rivers, lakes, and seas...
“依水而兴” 指依靠水发展繁荣,解析用 “grows/develops by/on water”(凭借水发展),“grow/develop” 体现 “兴盛” 的动态过程,精准对应城市因水而兴的逻辑。
人流如织
虹口二模 3 题
值得一提的是,职业咨询区人流如织,已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。
It is worth noting that the career consultation area is packed with visitors...
“人流如织” 形容人多密集,解析用 “is packed with visitors”(挤满访客),直接对应 “人多且连续不断” 的场景。
热火朝天
虹口二模 3 题
同上
...and becomes one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event.
“热火朝天” 形容气氛热烈繁忙,解析用 “most dynamic/lively”(最活跃 / 热闹的),准确传递活动现场的热烈氛围。
啧啧称奇
浦东新二模 14 题
太阳破云而出,驴友们不禁啧啧称奇。
Hikers couldn’t help but marvel at the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds.
“啧啧称奇” 指因惊奇而发出赞叹,解析用 “couldn’t help but marvel at”(不禁惊叹于),“marvel” 体现 “惊奇赞叹” 的含义,贴合语境。
对症下药
浦东新二模 15 题
只有研究透市场需求,才能对产品开发对症下药。
Only by thoroughly understanding market demands can we tailor product development to specific needs.
“对症下药” 比喻针对问题采取有效措施,解析用 “tailor...to specific needs”(按需定制),精准体现 “针对性解决问题” 的逻辑。
一票难求
浦东新二模 16 题
目前,这部国内很火的电影在海外的上映计划覆盖了澳大利亚、新西兰等国,预售火爆,一票难求。
...its pre-sales have been so hot that even a single ticket is hard to come by.
“一票难求” 指票源紧缺,解析用 “a single ticket is hard to come by”(一张票都难获得),直接对应 “票紧缺” 的状态。
集思广益
嘉定二模 20 题
智慧城市的智能管理不仅需要大数据分析,更依赖城市规划师、工程师和数据科学家的集思广益与推陈出新。
...but also relies on the brainstorming and innovation of urban planners...
“集思广益” 指集中众人智慧,解析用 “brainstorming”(头脑风暴),体现 “多人共同思考、贡献想法” 的含义。
推陈出新
嘉定二模 20 题
同上
...and innovation of urban planners, engineers and data scientists.
“推陈出新” 指淘汰旧事物、创造新事物,解析用 “innovation”(创新),简洁传达 “革新创造” 的核心意思。
挨家挨户
崇明二模 24 题
为抵御台风来袭,志愿者们正顶风冒雨,挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。
...the volunteers are going door to door regardless of the wind and rain...
“挨家挨户” 指逐户进行,解析用 “going door to door”(挨家挨户地走),为固定短语,精准对应 “逐户提醒” 的动作。
顶风冒雨
崇明二模 24 题
同上
...regardless of the wind and rain, reminding the residents...
“顶风冒雨” 形容在恶劣天气中行动,解析用 “regardless of the wind and rain”(不顾风雨),准确体现环境的恶劣和行动的坚持。
奇思妙想
静安二模 26 题
一些技术突破并非由科技巨头们推动,而是来自于普通人的奇思妙想。
Some technological breakthroughs...stem from ordinary people’s creative ideas.
“奇思妙想” 指独特新颖的想法,解析用 “creative ideas”(有创造力的想法),直接对应 “普通人的创新构思”。
井然有序
宝山二模 40 题
虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤,但排队的队伍井然有序,学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。
...the waiting lines were still in good order...
“井然有序” 形容整齐有秩序,解析用 “in good order”(秩序良好),直接对应排队队伍的规整状态。
不期而遇
金山二模 36 题
上周末,在春意盎然的植物园,我和我的初中英语王老师不期而遇,我们都非常激动。
...my English teacher...and I came across in the botanical garden...which excited us a lot.
“不期而遇” 指无约定的意外相遇,解析用 “came across”(偶然遇见),结合语境体现 “意外性”。
春意盎然
金山二模 36 题
同上
...in the botanical garden in full spring bloom...
“春意盎然” 形容春天生机勃勃,解析用 “in full spring bloom”(春意正浓),生动传递春日繁盛的景象。
无所适从
黄浦二模 59 题
这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客,一时无所适从。
The northern ice city was at a loss when faced with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
“无所适从” 指不知如何应对,解析用 “at a loss”(不知所措),准确表达面对突发情况的茫然状态。
古道热肠
长宁二模 62 题
这个古道热肠的退休售票员曾是一位备受尊敬的地方文化推广者。
Always ready to offer help, this retired conductor used to be a well-respected promoter...
“古道热肠” 形容人热心助人,解析用 “Always ready to offer help”(总愿意提供帮助),直接对应其热心的性格特征。
莘莘学子
普陀二模 47 题
如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活,很多高中和大学都已将该问题提上日程。
How to enable numerous students to better adapt to future life has already been put on the agenda...
“莘莘学子” 指众多学生,解析用 “numerous students”(众多学生),精准体现 “数量多” 的含义。
赏心悦目
松江二模 53 题
夕阳染红了半边天空,真是赏心悦目。
The setting sun colored half of the sky red, which engaged both the mind and the eye.
“赏心悦目” 指景色美好令人愉悦,解析用 “engaged both the mind and the eye”(吸引身心),生动体现 “视觉和心理上的愉悦”。
老少咸宜
松江二模 54 题
豆腐营养丰富且容易消化,老少咸宜。
Tofu...is perfect for both the old and the young.
“老少咸宜” 指适合不同年龄的人,解析用 “perfect for both the old and the young”(对老少都合适),直接对应 “适合各类人群” 的含义。
备受追捧
黄浦二模 58 题
这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧,现已售罄。
The book...is so popular that it is now out of stock.
“备受追捧” 指深受大众喜爱,解析用 “so popular”(如此受欢迎),准确体现 “被广泛喜爱” 的状态。
实战训练
一、模拟试题
(2025·上海黄浦·二模)
这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客,一时无所适从。(number) (汉译英)
【答案】The sudden arrival of a large number of tourists left this northern ice city at a loss.
This northern ice city was at a loss due to the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
This northern ice city didn’t know what to do with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
This northern ice city was unprepared/ unequipped for/ to handle the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
【详解】考查时态和句子结构。陈述过去的动作,为一般过去时。为主系表结构。“这座北方冰城”为“This northern ice city ”;“无所适从”为“be at a loss ”;“由于”为“due to”;“突如其来的大批游客”为the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists,作宾语。故翻译为:The sudden arrival of a large number of tourists left this northern ice city at a loss. This northern ice city was at a loss due to the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. This northern ice city didn’t know what to do with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. This northern ice city was unprepared/ unequipped for/ to handle the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
(2025・上海金山・二模)
上周末,在春意盎然的植物园,我和我的初中英语王老师不期而遇,我们都非常激动。 (which)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last weekend, in the botanical garden where spring was in full bloom, I came across my junior high school English teacher, Mr. Wang, unexpectedly, which made both of us very excited.
【解析】
“上周末,在植物园” 直译为 “Last weekend, in the botanical garden”;“春意盎然” 是典型的中文四字短语,需意译,译为 “where spring was in full bloom”,用定语从句修饰 “botanical garden”,避免直译 “spring meaning is full” 的错误表达;“不期而遇” 意译为 “came across...unexpectedly”,符合英语中 “偶遇” 的习惯表达;“我们都非常激动” 通过 “which” 引导的定语从句体现,逻辑主语 “which” 指代 “相遇” 这件事,使句子结构更符合英语表达习惯。
(2025·上海浦东新·二模)
只有研究透市场需求,才能对产品开发对症下药。(tailor)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Only by thoroughly understanding market demand(s) can we tailor product development to specific needs.
【详解】考查倒装、动词、副词、名词、短语和固定句型。表示“只有……才能……”可用句型only by......can......,can引导倒装句;表示“研究透”可用thoroughly understanding,understand在介词by后,变为understanding;表示“市场需求”可用market demand(s);表示“对……对症下药”可用短语tailor......to specific needs,need应用复数形式;表示“产品开发”可用product development。故填Only by thoroughly understanding market demand(s) can we tailor product development to specific needs。
(2025·上海嘉定·二模)
智慧城市的智能管理不仅需要大数据分析,更依赖城市规划师、工程师和数据科学家的集思广益与推陈出新。(not only)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The smart management of smart cities not only requires big data analysis, but also relies on the brainstorming and innovation of urban planners, engineers and data scientists.
【详解】考查固定搭配,时态和主谓一致。“智慧城市的智能管理”是the smart management of smart cities,“不仅……更……”是固定搭配not only...but also...,“需要”是require,句子说明客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语management是不可数名词,require用第三人称单数,“大数据分析”是big data analysis,“依赖”是rely on,rely用第三人称单数,“集思广益与推陈出新”是the brainstorming and innovation,“城市规划师”是urban planner,planner用复数,“工程师”是engineer,用复数,“数据科学家”是data scientist,scientist用复数,用of表所属。故翻译为The smart management of smart cities not only requires big data analysis, but also relies on the brainstorming and innovation of urban planners, engineers and data scientists.
(2025·上海静安·二模)
一些技术突破并非由科技巨头们推动,而是来自于普通人的奇思妙想。(drive)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Some technological breakthroughs are not driven by tech giants but stem from ordinary people’s creative ideas.
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“一些技术突破”用some technological breakthroughs,作主语;表示“推动”用动词drive,与主语构成被动关系,且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态;表示“科技巨头们”为tech giants;表示“普通人的奇思妙想”可翻译为ordinary people’s creative ideas;表示“来自于”短语为stem from;表示“不是……而是……”句型为not…but…。故翻译为Some technological breakthroughs are not driven by tech giants but stem from ordinary people’s creative ideas.
(2025·上海徐汇·二模)
该公司在人工智能领域的成就和影响力不容小觑。(field) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The company’s achievements and influence in the field of artificial intelligence must not be underestimated.
【详解】考查名词、固定短语、情态动词以及被动语态。表示“该公司的”,使用名词所有格the company’s;“成就和影响力”翻译为achievements and influence;“在……领域”根据题目要求使用短语in the field of ;“人工智能”是artificial intelligence;即主语“该公司在人工智能领域的成就和影响力”翻译为:The company’s achievements and influence in the field of artificial intelligence;“不容小觑”即“一定不能被低估”,使用被动语态,“一定不能”用must not,“被低估”翻译为be underestimated,放在情态动词后用动词原形。故翻译为The company’s achievements and influence in the field of artificial intelligence must not be underestimated。
(2025·上海宝山·二模)
虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤,但排队的队伍井然有序,学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。(order) (汉译英)
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【答案】Although the school cafeteria was crowded, the waiting lines were still in good order and all the students could find a table to sit at after they got their food.
【详解】考查让步状语从句,时态,固定短语,时间状语从句和主谓一致。句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,“虽然”是although,引导让步状语从句,“学校餐厅”是the school cafeteria,“人潮拥挤”是be crowded,主语the school cafeteria是单数,因此be动词用was,“排队的队伍”是the waiting lines,“(仍然)井然有序”是be still in good order,主语lines是复数,be动词用were,“学生们都能”是all the students could,“找到一张桌子坐下来用餐”是find a table to sit at,“打好饭”是after they got their food,after引导的时间状语从句。故答案为Although the school cafeteria was crowded, the waiting lines were still in good order and all the students could find a table to sit at after they got their food.
(2025年虹口一模)
你下了那么大功夫,准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。(bound)(汉译英)
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【答案】You’ve put in so much effort that you’re bound to stand out in the academic competition.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词以及固定句型。表示“你”用you,作主语,位于句首,首字母大写。表示“如此……以致……”用固定句型so... that...。表示“下了那么大功夫”用动词短语put in so much effort,此处表示动作已经完成或对现在产生很大影响,时态用现在完成时。that引导的结果状语从句中:用you作主语,表示“准能
做某事”用be bound to do sth.,主语为you, be动词用are,形容词bound“一定会”作表语;表示“脱颖而出”用stand out,位于不定式符号to后,动词用原形;表示“在这个学术竞赛中”用in the academic competition。故答案为:You’ve put in so much effort that you’re bound to stand out in the academic competition.。
(2025年徐汇一模)
与人相处时,我们应该学会换位思考并体谅他人的难处。(considerate)(汉译英)
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【答案】When we get along with others, we should learn to put ourselves in others’ shoes and be considerate of the difficulties of others.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、固定搭配。“与人相处时”可以用when引导的时间状语从句表示,翻译为when we get along with others;“我们”是we;“应该”是should;“学会换位思考”翻译为learn to put ourselves in others’ shoes;“并体谅他人的难处”翻译为and be considerate of the difficulties of others。故整句翻译为When we get along with others, we should learn to put ourselves in others’ shoes and be considerate of the difficulties of others.
二、名校试题
1.人生如行舟。唯有张弛有度,方能行稳致远。(balance)
【来源】上海市卢湾高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试卷
【答案】Life is like rowing a boat. Only by maintaining a proper balance between tension and relaxation can one row steadily and reach far.
【详解】考查倒装句和名词。动词短语row a boat表示“划船、行舟”,故“人生如行舟”可译为Life is like rowing a boat,其中like为介词,后接动名词短语作宾语;“唯有张弛有度,方能行稳致远”可用only+状语位于句首的倒装句表达,表示“只有通过维持紧张和放松之间的适当平衡,才能划得稳、行得远”,名词balance表示“平衡”,tension表示“紧张”,relaxation表示“放松”,“维持紧张和放松之间的适当平衡”可译为maintain a proper balance between tension and relaxation;副词steadily表示“稳定地、稳步地”,故“一个人能划得稳、行得远”可译为one can row steadily and reach far;“只有通过做某事”可译为only by doing sth,故该句可译为Only by maintaining a proper balance between tension and relaxation can one row steadily and reach far.。故全句译为Life is like rowing a boat. Only by maintaining a proper balance between tension and relaxation can one row steadily and reach far.
2.在市长和相关各方的共同努力下,这个历史悠久的街区将在明年焕然一新。(take)
【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
【答案】With the joint efforts of the mayor and all relevant parties, this time-honored neighborhood will take on a new look next year.
【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。根据中文提示可知,表示“在市长和相关各方的共同努力下”应用with the joint efforts of the mayor and all relevant parties,为介词短语作状语,其中with the joint efforts of表“在……的共同努力下”,为固定搭配;表示“这个历史悠久的街区”应用 this time-honored neighborhood,为名词短语作主语;表示“将焕然一新”应用will take on a new look,时态为一般将来时表未来情况;表示“明年”应用next year,为副词短语作状语。故翻译为With the joint efforts of the mayor and all relevant parties, this time-honored neighborhood will take on a new look next year.
3.值得一提的是,本次演唱会不负众望,赢得满堂彩。(What)
【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
【答案】What is worth mentioning is that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation.
【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和固定搭配。根据句意和提示,表示“值得一提的是”使用what引导的主语从句,译为what is worth mentioning,其中what引导主语从句,is worth mentioning为系表结构,表示“值得被提及”,作句子主语;表示“本次演唱会不负众望,赢得满堂彩”位于系动词is后,作表语,可使用表语从句,从句中不缺成分,且句意完整,所以使用连接词that引导,表示“本次演唱会不负众望”描述的是过去发生的事情,所以使用一般过去时,表示“本次演唱会”为this concert作从句的主语,表示“不负众望”为 lived up to everyone’s expectations,表示“赢得满堂彩”译为received a resounding ovation,与lived并列,使用and连接并列谓语,保持时态一致,所以表语从句译为that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation。句首单词首字母大写,故翻译为What is worth mentioning is that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation.
4.尽管面对许多挫折,她百折不挠地追求成为医生的梦想。(despite)
【来源】上海市进华中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷
【答案】Despite facing many setbacks, she persevered in pursuing her dream of becoming a doctor.
【详解】考查动名词和时态。“尽管”用despite,是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,“面对挫折”表达为face setbacks,这里用动名词facing 。“百折不挠地做某事”即persevere in doing sth.,句子描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时,persevere的过去式是persevered 。“追求梦想”是pursue one's dream,“成为医生”为 become a doctor” 。故译为Despite facing many setbacks, she persevered in pursuing her dream of becoming a doctor.
5.我们正在努力营造一种积极的工作氛围,每个人都能参与决策,畅所欲言,充分发挥潜力。(entitle)
【来源】上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题
【答案】We are trying to create a positive work atmosphere where everyone is entitled to participate in decision-making, speak freely and give full play to their potential.
【详解】考查定语从句和动词。表示“努力做某事”用try to do sth.,结合中文“正在”可知句子应用现在进行时,主语是we,助动词用are,“营造一种积极的工作氛围”用create a positive work atmosphere;“每个入都能参与决策,畅所欲言,充分发挥潜力”处理为修饰atmosphere的定语从句,表示“使某人有权做某事”用entitle sb. to do sth.,主语“每个人”为everyone,且与entitle是被动关系,从句陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态,助动词用is;“参与决策”用participate in decision-making,“畅所欲言”用speak freely,“充分发挥潜力”用give full play to their potential,三者并列作主语补足语;代替先行词atmosphere在从句中抽象的地点状语,应用关系副词where引导从句。综上,故翻译为We are trying to create a positive work atmosphere where everyone is entitled to participate in decision-making, speak freely and give full play to their potential.
6.我们特别感激英语老师们不辞辛劳,利用课余时间帮我们解决英语学习中的难题。(appreciate)
【来源】上海市华东师范大学第三附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次阶段测试英语试题
【答案】We especially appreciate the English teachers for working tirelessly and using their spare time to help us solve problems in our English learning.
【详解】考查动词,短语和时态。“我们”用人称代词we作主语,“感谢某人做某事”用appreciate sb for doing sth表示,描述客观情况用一般现在时。“特别”用副词especially作状语,修饰动词,“英语老师们”用the English teachers作宾语,“不辞辛劳”用work tirelessly表示,“利用课余时间做某事”表示为use their spare time to do sth,“帮某人做某事”表示为help sb do sth,“解决英语学习中的难题”表示为solve problems in our English learning。故译为We especially appreciate the English teachers for working tirelessly and using their spare time to help us solve problems in our English learning.
7.他过马路时心不在焉,险些被车撞。(escape)
【来源】上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题
【答案】When he was crossing the road absent-mindedly, he narrowly escaped being hit by a car.
【详解】考查时间状语从句和动词。表示“某人做某事时……”用 when sb. is doing sth.,此处使用when引导时间状语从句,表示“过马路”用cross the road,结合语境用过去进行时,主语是he,助动词用was;表示“心不在焉地”用 absent-mindedly,作状语,修饰was crossing;表示“险些做某事”需用 narrowly escape being done,escape为谓语,用一般过去时,“被车撞”用hit by a car,故此处为 narrowly escaped being hit by a car。故翻译为When he was crossing the road absent-mindedly, he narrowly escaped being hit by a car.
8.极端天气在全球范围内频发,共同应对气候变化迫在眉睫。(address)
【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期九月月考英语检测
【答案】Extreme weather events are occurring frequently worldwide, making it urgent to jointly address the climate change.
【详解】考查名词短语、动词和非谓语动词。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知,“极端天气”为名词短语“extreme weather events”,用“events”体现具体发生的天气现象;“在全球范围内频发”译为“are occurring frequently worldwide”,“occurring”强调“正在发生”的动态,符合“频发”的语境;“共同应对”用“jointly address”表达,动词“address”在此处意为“处理、应对”,准确对应“应对气候变化”的语义;“迫在眉睫”通过“making it urgent to...”的现在分词结构作结果状语,简洁体现“紧迫性”,符合英文表达习惯。故翻译为:Extreme weather events are occurring frequently worldwide, making it urgent to jointly address the climate change.
9.这部经典作品经过无数学者的修订才流传至今,如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅,但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。(as…as)
【来源】上海市华东师大第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题
【答案】This classic work has been passed down to the present day only after numerous/countless scholars revised it. Now, though it is not as widely read as it once was, it still serves as an important carrier of traditional culture.
【详解】考查时态和状语从句。“这部经典作品经过无数学者的修订才流传至今”为第一个分句,主语“这部经典作品”表达为this classic work,谓语“流传”表达为pass down,和主语是被动关系,且强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时的被动语态,状语“到今天”表达为to the present day,“经过”即“在……之后”,用after引导时间状语从句,从句主语“无数学者”表达为numerous/countless scholars,谓语“修订”表达为revise,从句陈述过去的动作,用一般过去时,宾语用it(指代上文提到的经典作品)。“如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅,但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。”为第二个分句,“如今”用now,放在句首首字母大写;“虽然”用although表达,引导让步状语从句,“不如以前那样广泛”表达为it is not as widely read as it once was,第二个as引导比较状语从句;主句主语是it(指代上文提到的经典作品),“仍”用副词still作状语;谓语“承载”用serve as表达,宾语“传统文化的重要载体”用an important carrier of traditional culture表达。综上,故翻译为This classic work has been passed down to the present day only after numerous/countless scholars revised it. Now, though it is not as widely read as it once was, it still serves as an important carrier of traditional culture.
10.这位年轻的建筑师渐渐明白,成功没有捷径,要想在行业中有所建树,关键是要勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地。(dawn)
【来源】上海市松江二中2025-2026学年高三上学期9月开学考试英语试题
【答案】It gradually dawned on the young architect that there was no shortcut to success, and the key to making some achievements/establishing himself/getting/becoming established in this industry was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort.
=It gradually dawned on the young architect that there was no shortcut to success, and if he wanted to make some achievements/establish himself/get/become established in this industry, the key was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort/is to be diligent/hard-working and down-to-earth.
【详解】考查固定句型、时态、名词、名词短语和形容词。分析汉语句子,全句可以划分为两个大的层次,“这位年轻的建筑师渐渐明白”为一个层次,其后的内容为另一个层次。根据提示词,表示“某人明白……”可使用固定句型It dawned on sb. that…,其中It为形式主语,that之后的内容为真正主语,句子描述的是过去发生的事,动词dawn用一般过去时。“这位年轻的建筑师”译为the young architect,“逐渐”修饰动词dawned,用副词gradually,因此第一个层次译为It gradually dawned on the young architect that…。第二个层次的内容实为that之后的真正主语,根据前后关系,可处理为两个并列分句,第一并列分句为“成功没有捷径”,第二并列分句为“要想在行业中有所建树,关键是要勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地”,中间用并列连词and连接。“成功没有捷径”可使用there be句型,时态与第一个层次保持一致,用一般过去时;“成功(的)捷径”用名词短语shortcut to success,其中to为介词,表示方向,success为名词,作介词宾语,故第一并列分句译为there was no shortcut to success。第二个并列分句“要想在行业中有所建树,关键是要勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地”可处理为主系表结构,或含有条件状语从句的主从复杂句。主系表结构是“关键是要勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地”,其中“勤勤恳恳”可使用名词diligence或名词短语hard work,“脚踏实地”可译为down-to-earth effort,主系表结构为the key …was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort;“要想在行业中有所建树”可处理为介宾短语to sth.,作后置定语修饰the key。“有所建树”可译为动词短语make some achievements/establish oneself或get/become established,前面的to为介词,其中的动词应调整为动名词;“在行业中”为介词短语in this industry;故第二并列分句译为the key to making some achievements/establishing himself/getting/becoming established in this industry was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort。第二并列分句也可以处理为含有条件状语从句的主从复杂句。“要想在行业中有所建树”,译为条件状语从句,主语为he,指代the young architect,“要想”可用want to do…,时态与前面保持一致,用过去时,该条件状语从句为if he wanted to make some achievements/establish himself/get/become established in this industry;主句用主系表结构the key was…,表语“勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地”可使用名词和名词短语,也可使用to be+adj.结构。用名词和名词短语为diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort,用to be+adj.结构则为to be diligent/hard-working and down-to-earth。故全句翻译为It gradually dawned on the young architect that there was no shortcut to success, and the key to making some achievements/establishing himself/getting/becoming established in this industry was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort. 或It gradually dawned on the young architect that there was no shortcut to success, and if he wanted to make some achievements/ establish himself/ get/become established in this industry, the key was diligence/hard work and down-to-earth effort/ is to be diligent/hard-working and down-to-earth.
三、真题演练
2025年6月
1.这块布料轻薄又速干,最适合做运动服。(cloth)
参考译文:
This cloth is light, thin and quick-drying, making it ideal for sportswear.
考点分析:
词汇:复合形容词 “quick-drying”(速干)、“sportswear”(运动服)为高频词。
句型:非谓语动词(making...)作结果状语,替代简单并列句。
2.他说话吞吞吐吐,在某种意义上,是在婉拒你的邀请。(equal)
参考译文:
His hesitation in speaking was, in a sense, equal to a polite refusal of your invitation.
/His hesitant speech, in a sense, equals a polite rejection of your invitation.
/He answered hesitantly, which, in a sense, was equal to politely turning down/ declining your invitation.
考点分析:
短语:“hesitation in speaking” 对应“吞吞吐吐”;“polite refusal” 表达“婉拒”。
熟词僻义:“equal to” 此处引申为“等同于”,非字面“等于”。
3.采摘水果使游客身心放松,也帮助果农增加了至少三分之二的销量,一举两得。(by)
参考译文:
Fruit picking not only relaxes tourists but also increases farmers' sales by at least two-thirds, killing two birds with one stone.
/Fruit picking relaxes people both physically and mentally, while boosting fruit growers' sales by at least two-thirds — killing two birds with one stone.
考点分析:
核心结构:“increase by + 分数/倍数”(增长幅度)为必考语法点。
成语:“一举两得” 需用英文习语“killing two birds with one stone” 或“achieving two goals at once”。
4.无论顶着多么大的压力,这位天才运动员都稳定发挥,在各大赛事中摘金夺银,为国争光。(However)
参考译文:
However great the pressure was, this talented athlete performed consistently, winning gold and silver medals in various competitions and bringing glory to the country.
/However intense the pressure, this gifted athlete always competes /performs steadily, winning medals at major events and bringing honor to the nation.
考点分析:
1. However引导让步状语从句。
2. "稳定发挥"译为"competes steadily"(稳定参赛)。
3. "争金夺银"意译为"winning medals"(赢得奖牌)。
句型难点:“However + adj. + S + V” 引导让步状语从句(“无论多么…”)。
动作链:三个动作(发挥稳定→摘金夺银→为国争光)需用现在分词(winning/bringing)衔接。
2024年6月
72. 我的外国友人不禁赞叹:上海值得看的地方有很多啊!(worth)
参考译文:
My foreign friend couldn't help but exclaim / couldn't help exclaming that there are so many places worth visiting in Shanghai.
“不禁”
cannot help but do
cannot help doing
worth用法
be worth doing 值得被做(主表被动)
be worthwhile doing/ to do
be worthy of being done/ to be done 某事值得被做
73. 她不断尝试将书法元素融入京剧的戏服设计中。(employ)
参考译文:
She constantly tries to employ calligraphy in the design of Peking Opera costumes.
employ...in...
将……应用于……
costume
the clothes worn by actors in a play or film/movie, or worn by sb to make them look like sth else(戏剧或电影的)戏装,服装
74. 在3月14日国际数学日,这位专家应邀来给小学生做一个关于数学符号的讲座。(fall on)
参考译文:
On International Mathematics Day, which falls on March 14th, this expert was invited to give a lecture on mathematical symbols to primary school students.
fall on+日期
Christmas Day falls on December 25th.
圣诞节是在12月25日。
75. 这个博物馆的神奇之处在于,它将乡村的变迁、时光的痕迹和童年的回忆融合在了一个固定的空间中。(What)
参考译文:
What is amazing about the museum is that it integrates the changes in the countryside, the traces of time, and the memories of childhood into a fixed space.
What is amazing about the museum is that it collects into a fixed space the changes in the countryside, the traces of time, and the memories of childhood.
2023年6月
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72.正如预期的那样,艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣(generate)
______________________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案:
As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture.
/As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture.
解析:
a. Key words: Art Festival 艺术节; folk culture 民俗文化
b. Key points: as引导非限制性定语从句,翻译成“正如”;“激发了”使用现在完成时。
本题考查实词generate(v. 产生;引起)的用法,整个句子可以处理成主从复合句,主句部分为简单的主谓宾结构,从句考查as引导的非限制定语从句。
73.你是否意识到这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则?(aware)
______________________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案:
Have you been aware that every tribe in this area has its own unwritten rules?
解析:
a. Key words: be aware that…意识到…;tribe 部落;unwritten rules 不成文规则
b.Key points:现在完成时的考察;宾语从句引导词that的使用情况
本题考查实词aware(adj. 有意识的)的用法be aware that...,考生们需要注意该词的词性为形容词,否则容易遗漏be动词。另,考生对于题干中的“部落”和“不成文”等表达,也需要知道相应的英文表达。
74.这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议,为学生提供不一般的互动体验。(sign)
______________________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案:
The key laboratory will sign cooperation agreements with local vocational schools, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience.
/The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools to provide students with unusual interactive experiences.
解析:
a. Key words: sign…with…与…签署… ;cooperation agreements 合作协议;vocational schools 职业学校 interactive experience;互动体验
b.Key points: “将和”使用一般将来时;which引导非限制性定语从句
本题考查实词sign(v.签订;签署)的用法,“签订合同”可以译为sign a cooperation agreement,另外,本题题干的后半段可以处理成表示目的的动词不定式。本题难度中等。
75.这部电视连续剧的剧情围绕某一虚拟的华南城市展开,在剧中汽车工业一直是该城市的骄傲。(where)
______________________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案:
The TV series revolves around a certain virtual southern Chinese city, where the car industry has always been the pride.
/This TV series revolves around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has long been a source of pride.
/The plot of this TV series revolves around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has always been the pride of the city.
解析:
a. Key words: TV series 电视连续剧
b.Key points: where 引导定语从句;现在完成时的考察
本题难度较大。根据括号提示词where可以得知,本题在语法方面侧重于考查考生对从句的(where引导的非限制性定语从句)掌握情况。考生们需要注意,where作为定语从句中的关系副词,需要出现在表示地点的名词或代词之后,且从句部分不缺少主干成分。
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专题15 句子翻译(下)
目录
考情分析与命题趋势 1
知识体系构建 2
考点精析与突破 3
考点一:高考句子翻译主要考点(重点) 3
考点二:四字格、俚语俗语网络用语翻译(难点) 11
实战精练与提升 19
考情解读
一、考试要求
上海高考英语翻译题,是对考生词汇、语法、句型结构等基础知识和实际运用能力的综合考查。高考中汉译英多为简单句或复合句,题目所给定的提示词汇也是常用词,但学生必须在比较两种语言的基础上,结合所学的语言知识翻译出不仅意思准确,而且符合英语表达习惯的好句子。上海历年高考中译英的考察点主要有:时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。值得注意的是近年试题中经常出现一些华丽的中文词藻或日常生活化表达。
二、命题分析
题型与分值
4 句,分值为 3 - 3 - 4 - 5,总分 15 分。
核心考查
1. 词汇层面:聚焦动词、名词等核心词汇,侧重一词多义、熟词僻义及固定搭配的灵活运用,还会考查 “爱不释手”“固执己见” 等四字格或俗语的翻译。 2. 语法层面:重点考查时态、语态、非谓语动词,以及定语、状语等从句的运用,同时涉及强调句、倒装句等特殊句式。 3. 语言应用层面:考查中英文语序调整、句式拆分与合并等转换能力,要求译文符合英语表达习惯,还需把握语境语气,体现跨文化交际意识。
命题特点
1. 选材贴近实际:内容多围绕日常生活、校园场景、社会热点等具体场景。 2. 给出提示词限定:题目会标注需使用的关键词,若译文未用该词会扣分,引导考生精准运用指定词汇。 3. 难度稳中有梯度:整体难度稳定,题目从基础表达逐步过渡到复杂句式与语境理解,最后 1 - 2 题常以长句形式呈现,提升区分度。 4. 注重语境与地道性:不仅要求译文准确,还强调表达地道,部分词汇需结合语境意译,避免直译导致的生硬表达。
知识梳理
考点精讲
· 考点一:高考句子翻译主要考点
解题策略
1. 根据时态标志词:判断时态。
2. 根据时态定义:准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。
3. 根据语境暗示:有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,通过“语境暗示”,正确分析语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。
4. 根据并列谓语:当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时,它们之间可能是同时发生,也可能有一定的先后关系,我们可以根据这种谓语动词的关系来判定时态。同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词的时态要一致。
1.倒装句型
否定词及否定意思的短语位于句首
Only+状语(介词、副词、从句)位于句首
So/Such 位于句首
adj. / adv. / n. / v. + as / though + S + V ( 让步状语从句)
【典型例题】
(2011年高考)1.自从出国留学后,她就不再和我们保持联系了。 (No longer)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2013年高考)2.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目,就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.There be句型 常描述存在或有无的关系,有具体的时态和非谓语形式。
There is no need (for sb.)to do...
There is no doubt that...
There is no sense/point doing...
There is no possibility that...
There is no denying that...
【典型例题】
(2016年高考)1.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗?(point)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.as句型
as译为“随着”
as译为“正如”,用于非限制性定语从句
as译为“虽然” 表语/状语/谓语动词原形 +as + 主谓
as…as 像…一样…
【典型例题】
(2019年秋考)1.随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那位业余自行车手的夺冠梦想不再遥不可及。(normal)
will no longer be beyond reach.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2020 年春考)2. 正如那本小册子介绍的那样,这里的司机都有礼让行人的习惯。(As)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.、以“it”用法为主的考点
常需要用形式主语来翻译的情况:
)
(1)It’s + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.
(2)It so happened that…
(3)It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…
(4)在含有某些形容词的句子中,如important, necessary, impossible, natural, common, strange等。
(5)It’s likely that…
(6)It is the first / second time that …have done;
It was the first time that…had done;
It is (high/about) time that…did;
It is time for sb. to do sth.
(7)It is up to sb to do sth.
【典型例题】
1.(2010年高考)我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论,就尽早让公众知晓。(once)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.(2012年高考)能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
it做形式宾语(指代to do/doing/宾语从句)
find / feel / think / consider + it + adj. / n. +(for sb) + to do sth. / that…
make it a rule to do / that …雷打不动。。。
3.(2020春考)每周三,这些大学生都会雷打不动地去孤儿院做志愿者,教孩子们剪纸和编织。(a rule)
It用于强调句型(陈述,一般疑问,特殊疑问)
4.直到20世纪后期,中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世界对他们刮目相看。(It...that)
5.名词性从句what句型,译为“……的是”
What matters is ...
What impresses/surprises/interests sb.is...
What sb be concerned about is ...
【典型例题】
1.(2015年高考)这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。(W h a t)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.(2019年秋考)究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性?(motivate)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6、以从句为主的考点
(2025年浦东新区一模)
国家艺术馆收藏了大量的国内外艺术作品,人们漫步其间,探寻时光的足迹,感受历史与文化的交融。(where)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年杨浦一模)
在90年代,这种疾病因其复杂性,曾被误诊为流感类疾病,如今人们已经认识到它是一种罕见的精神障碍。(whose) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________
(2025年金山一模)
55. 火箭不断成功发射与更新换代,这些都是我国国力日益强盛、科技实力日新月异的象征。(which)
____________________________________________________________
备注:尤其状语从句while, when, before和since句型常考
while...,.... 虽然…但是(仍旧)…..., while ...... ..., 而……
......was/were doing...when...did ...正在...这时突然......
... had hardly done... when... did... 一......就......
It will be/was +时段before+句子
It is/has been+时段since+一般过去时的句子
【典型例题】
1.(2016高考)我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.(2019秋考)值得一提的是,在王老师的影响下,她(他)的同事们更关注孩子们的努力,而不是他们的成绩。(as…as…)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7、以非谓语为主的考点
(2025·上海徐汇·二模)
31. 这家餐厅成功地将传统烹饪技艺融入现代国际美食中,创造出独特的风味。(integrate)
______________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海崇明·二模)
24. 为抵御台风来袭,志愿者们正顶风冒雨,挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。(regardless of)
______________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年虹口一模)
54. 不少艺人走上街头传播多种艺术形式的同时,也传递正能量,为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息。(atmosphere)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8、以动词或动词短语为主的考点
(2025年奉贤一模)
55. 这位原本深耕于科研领域的女学者,凭借自己坚持不懈的努力,历经极度严苛的训练,最终成为了一名宇航员。(engage) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年黄浦区一模)
54. 无论从哪个方面看,写作都是一个有百利无一害,且适用于每个普通人的技能。(apply)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年青浦一模)
52.AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。 (integrate)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年嘉定一模)
55. 她将中国深厚的传统文化与西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法融为一体,赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力。 (combine) (汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
· 考点二:四字格、俚语俗语网络用语翻译
解题策略
1、信:清晰准确(从整体上把握句子结构,抓住主谓宾)
2、达:通畅明白(避免生涩翻译,用简单的词和短语)
3、雅:简明优雅(避免从句繁复,多使用形容词、介词短语或分词结构)
【例题精讲】
【例1】 在很多地区,旅游业对环境的影响简直触目惊心,但人们往往因为旅游业带来的经济利益而对此置若罔闻。(a blind eye)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【例2】 和学生时代的他相比,那名士兵简直判若两人。(How)(2019上海高考)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【例3】 随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那名业余自行车手的夺冠之梦不再遥不可及。(normal)2019上海高考)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【拓展】
1.(2012高考)在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.(2013高考)演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.(2016高考) 我真的希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。(hope)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.(2016高考)我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2019春考)博物馆疏于管理,展品积灰,门厅冷落,急需改善。(whose)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6.(2019秋考)与他学生时代相比,那位士兵简直判若两人。(How)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7.(2019秋考)随着体力逐渐恢复正常,那位业余自行车手的夺冠梦想不再遥不可及。(normal)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8.(2017年高考)1.有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著,立竿见影,且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9.(2019春考)让我的父母非常满意的是,从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园,从起居室也可以。(so)
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附1、2025届上海高考英语一模系列 || “汉译英” 之 “成语&俗语&网语”
词语
出处
原句
翻译
解析
脱颖而出(成语)
虹口一模 52 题
你下了那么大功夫,准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。(bound)
You’ve put in so much effort that you’re bound to stand out in the academic competition.
“脱颖而出” 指才能或本领全部显露出来,翻译用 “stand out”(突出、显眼),符合语境中 “在竞赛中表现突出” 的含义。
垂涎三尺(俗语)
长宁一模 52 题
北京烤鸭烤好时,香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。(by the time)
By the time the Peking duck was ready, the smell had made all the foreign diners’ mouths water.
“垂涎三尺” 形容极其渴望,翻译用固定搭配 “make one’s mouth water”(让人流口水),生动对应俗语的形象感。
换位思考(俗语)
徐汇一模 53 题
与人相处时,我们应该学会换位思考并体谅他人的难处。(considerate)
When we get along with others, we should learn to put ourselves in others’ shoes and be considerate of their difficulties.
“换位思考” 指站在他人角度思考,翻译用 “put oneself in others’ shoes”(设身处地),是英语中对应俗语。
挺身而出(成语)
杨浦一模 52 题
面对不公,他毫不犹豫地挺身而出,捍卫正义。(hesitate)
Facing injustice, he didn’t hesitate to step forward and defend justice.
“挺身而出” 指勇敢站出来承担责任,翻译用 “step forward”(站出来),简洁传达 “主动行动” 的含义。
水漫金山(成语)
静安一模 52 题
记得修水管,否则厨房很快就会水漫金山。(or)
Remember to fix the pipe, or the kitchen will soon be flooded.
“水漫金山” 形容水势极大(此处指积水),翻译用 “be flooded”(被淹没),精准对应场景中 “积水严重” 的状态。
不遗余力(俗语)
金山一模 52 题
国产品牌正在不遗余力地争取更大的市场份额。(share)
Domestic brands are sparing no efforts to gain a larger market share.
“不遗余力” 指用尽全部力量,翻译用 “spare no efforts”(不节省力气),为固定短语,贴合原意。
日新月异(成语)
金山一模 55 题
火箭不断成功发射与更新换代,这些都是我国国力日益强盛、科技实力日新月异的象征。(which)
Rockets are successfully launched and updated constantly, which symbolizes the increasingly strong national strength and rapid technological advancement of our country.
“日新月异” 指发展极快,翻译用 “rapid technological advancement”(技术快速进步),体现 “变化快” 的核心含义。
有百利无一害(俗语)
黄浦一模 54 题
无论从哪个方面看,写作都是一个有百利无一害,且适用于每个普通人的技能。(apply)
From any perspective, writing is a skill that offers nothing but benefits and applies to every ordinary person.
“有百利无一害” 指只有好处没有坏处,翻译用 “offers nothing but benefits”(只带来好处),直接对应俗语含义。
新手小白(网语)
黄浦一模 55 题
包括新手小白和高级玩家在内的多位受访者表示,他们热衷于攀岩是因为这项运动需要他们富有创造性地解决问题。(range)
A dozen interviewees, ranging from beginners to professionals, said they were enthusiastic about rock climbing because it required them to solve problems creatively.
“新手小白” 为网络用语,指初学者,翻译用 “beginners”(新手),简洁对应网语含义。
网红(网语)
宝山一模 53 题
你觉得我们中学生有必要那么关注网红吗?(it)
Do you think it necessary for us middle school students to pay so much attention to Internet celebrities?
“网红” 为网络用语,指网络红人,翻译用 “Internet celebrities”(网络名人),是通用译法。
攻坚克难(成语)
宝山一模 54 题
请记住:面对困难和挑战,恒心和耐心可以帮助我们攻坚克难,走向成功。(overcome)
Please remember: in the face of difficulties and challenges, perseverance and patience can help us overcome difficulties and achieve success.
“攻坚克难” 指克服艰难险阻,翻译用 “overcome difficulties”(克服困难),精准传达 “战胜挑战” 的含义。
上当受骗(俗语)
宝山一模 55 题
他这几天在网上老是收到陌生人的红包。幸亏他没打开,才没有上当受骗。(avoid)
These days, he has always received red envelopes from strangers online. Fortunately, he didn’t open them and thus avoided being cheated.
“上当受骗” 指被欺骗,翻译用 “being cheated”(被欺骗),直接对应俗语的核心意思。
无所不能(俗语)
嘉定一模 53 题
在当前乃至未来很长一段时间,人工智能并非无所不能。(far from)
Artificial intelligence is far from being equal to anything at present and for a long time to come.
“无所不能” 指什么都能做,翻译用 “being equal to anything”(能胜任任何事),通过 “far from” 体现 “并非” 的否定含义。
附2、2025届上海高考英语二模系列 || “汉译英” 之 “成语&俗语&网语”
词语
出处
原句
翻译(基于解析版)
解析
交相辉映
虹口二模 2 题
民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。
Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technologies.
“交相辉映” 指事物相互映照、相得益彰,解析用 “combine...with...”(结合)体现传统与技术的融合互动,贴合 “相互增色” 的含义。
依水而兴
虹口二模 4 题
上海是一座依水而兴的城市,江河湖海相伴相依,并提供众多与城市地标相关的特色娱乐体验。
As a city that grows/develops by/on water, Shanghai is surrounded by rivers, lakes, and seas...
“依水而兴” 指依靠水发展繁荣,解析用 “grows/develops by/on water”(凭借水发展),“grow/develop” 体现 “兴盛” 的动态过程,精准对应城市因水而兴的逻辑。
人流如织
虹口二模 3 题
值得一提的是,职业咨询区人流如织,已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。
It is worth noting that the career consultation area is packed with visitors...
“人流如织” 形容人多密集,解析用 “is packed with visitors”(挤满访客),直接对应 “人多且连续不断” 的场景。
热火朝天
虹口二模 3 题
同上
...and becomes one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event.
“热火朝天” 形容气氛热烈繁忙,解析用 “most dynamic/lively”(最活跃 / 热闹的),准确传递活动现场的热烈氛围。
啧啧称奇
浦东新二模 14 题
太阳破云而出,驴友们不禁啧啧称奇。
Hikers couldn’t help but marvel at the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds.
“啧啧称奇” 指因惊奇而发出赞叹,解析用 “couldn’t help but marvel at”(不禁惊叹于),“marvel” 体现 “惊奇赞叹” 的含义,贴合语境。
对症下药
浦东新二模 15 题
只有研究透市场需求,才能对产品开发对症下药。
Only by thoroughly understanding market demands can we tailor product development to specific needs.
“对症下药” 比喻针对问题采取有效措施,解析用 “tailor...to specific needs”(按需定制),精准体现 “针对性解决问题” 的逻辑。
一票难求
浦东新二模 16 题
目前,这部国内很火的电影在海外的上映计划覆盖了澳大利亚、新西兰等国,预售火爆,一票难求。
...its pre-sales have been so hot that even a single ticket is hard to come by.
“一票难求” 指票源紧缺,解析用 “a single ticket is hard to come by”(一张票都难获得),直接对应 “票紧缺” 的状态。
集思广益
嘉定二模 20 题
智慧城市的智能管理不仅需要大数据分析,更依赖城市规划师、工程师和数据科学家的集思广益与推陈出新。
...but also relies on the brainstorming and innovation of urban planners...
“集思广益” 指集中众人智慧,解析用 “brainstorming”(头脑风暴),体现 “多人共同思考、贡献想法” 的含义。
推陈出新
嘉定二模 20 题
同上
...and innovation of urban planners, engineers and data scientists.
“推陈出新” 指淘汰旧事物、创造新事物,解析用 “innovation”(创新),简洁传达 “革新创造” 的核心意思。
挨家挨户
崇明二模 24 题
为抵御台风来袭,志愿者们正顶风冒雨,挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。
...the volunteers are going door to door regardless of the wind and rain...
“挨家挨户” 指逐户进行,解析用 “going door to door”(挨家挨户地走),为固定短语,精准对应 “逐户提醒” 的动作。
顶风冒雨
崇明二模 24 题
同上
...regardless of the wind and rain, reminding the residents...
“顶风冒雨” 形容在恶劣天气中行动,解析用 “regardless of the wind and rain”(不顾风雨),准确体现环境的恶劣和行动的坚持。
奇思妙想
静安二模 26 题
一些技术突破并非由科技巨头们推动,而是来自于普通人的奇思妙想。
Some technological breakthroughs...stem from ordinary people’s creative ideas.
“奇思妙想” 指独特新颖的想法,解析用 “creative ideas”(有创造力的想法),直接对应 “普通人的创新构思”。
井然有序
宝山二模 40 题
虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤,但排队的队伍井然有序,学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。
...the waiting lines were still in good order...
“井然有序” 形容整齐有秩序,解析用 “in good order”(秩序良好),直接对应排队队伍的规整状态。
不期而遇
金山二模 36 题
上周末,在春意盎然的植物园,我和我的初中英语王老师不期而遇,我们都非常激动。
...my English teacher...and I came across in the botanical garden...which excited us a lot.
“不期而遇” 指无约定的意外相遇,解析用 “came across”(偶然遇见),结合语境体现 “意外性”。
春意盎然
金山二模 36 题
同上
...in the botanical garden in full spring bloom...
“春意盎然” 形容春天生机勃勃,解析用 “in full spring bloom”(春意正浓),生动传递春日繁盛的景象。
无所适从
黄浦二模 59 题
这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客,一时无所适从。
The northern ice city was at a loss when faced with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.
“无所适从” 指不知如何应对,解析用 “at a loss”(不知所措),准确表达面对突发情况的茫然状态。
古道热肠
长宁二模 62 题
这个古道热肠的退休售票员曾是一位备受尊敬的地方文化推广者。
Always ready to offer help, this retired conductor used to be a well-respected promoter...
“古道热肠” 形容人热心助人,解析用 “Always ready to offer help”(总愿意提供帮助),直接对应其热心的性格特征。
莘莘学子
普陀二模 47 题
如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活,很多高中和大学都已将该问题提上日程。
How to enable numerous students to better adapt to future life has already been put on the agenda...
“莘莘学子” 指众多学生,解析用 “numerous students”(众多学生),精准体现 “数量多” 的含义。
赏心悦目
松江二模 53 题
夕阳染红了半边天空,真是赏心悦目。
The setting sun colored half of the sky red, which engaged both the mind and the eye.
“赏心悦目” 指景色美好令人愉悦,解析用 “engaged both the mind and the eye”(吸引身心),生动体现 “视觉和心理上的愉悦”。
老少咸宜
松江二模 54 题
豆腐营养丰富且容易消化,老少咸宜。
Tofu...is perfect for both the old and the young.
“老少咸宜” 指适合不同年龄的人,解析用 “perfect for both the old and the young”(对老少都合适),直接对应 “适合各类人群” 的含义。
备受追捧
黄浦二模 58 题
这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧,现已售罄。
The book...is so popular that it is now out of stock.
“备受追捧” 指深受大众喜爱,解析用 “so popular”(如此受欢迎),准确体现 “被广泛喜爱” 的状态。
实战训练
一、模拟试题
(2025·上海黄浦·二模)
这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客,一时无所适从。(number) (汉译英)
(2025・上海金山・二模)
上周末,在春意盎然的植物园,我和我的初中英语王老师不期而遇,我们都非常激动。 (which)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海浦东新·二模)
只有研究透市场需求,才能对产品开发对症下药。(tailor)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海嘉定·二模)
智慧城市的智能管理不仅需要大数据分析,更依赖城市规划师、工程师和数据科学家的集思广益与推陈出新。(not only)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海静安·二模)
一些技术突破并非由科技巨头们推动,而是来自于普通人的奇思妙想。(drive)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海徐汇·二模)
该公司在人工智能领域的成就和影响力不容小觑。(field) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025·上海宝山·二模)
虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤,但排队的队伍井然有序,学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。(order) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年虹口一模)
你下了那么大功夫,准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。(bound)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2025年徐汇一模)
与人相处时,我们应该学会换位思考并体谅他人的难处。(considerate)(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
二、名校试题
1.人生如行舟。唯有张弛有度,方能行稳致远。(balance)
【来源】上海市卢湾高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试卷
2.在市长和相关各方的共同努力下,这个历史悠久的街区将在明年焕然一新。(take)
【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
3.值得一提的是,本次演唱会不负众望,赢得满堂彩。(What)
【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
4.尽管面对许多挫折,她百折不挠地追求成为医生的梦想。(despite)
【来源】上海市进华中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷
5.我们正在努力营造一种积极的工作氛围,每个人都能参与决策,畅所欲言,充分发挥潜力。(entitle)
【来源】上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题
6.我们特别感激英语老师们不辞辛劳,利用课余时间帮我们解决英语学习中的难题。(appreciate)
【来源】上海市华东师范大学第三附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次阶段测试英语试题
7.他过马路时心不在焉,险些被车撞。(escape)
【来源】上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题
8.极端天气在全球范围内频发,共同应对气候变化迫在眉睫。(address)
【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期九月月考英语检测
9.这部经典作品经过无数学者的修订才流传至今,如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅,但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。(as…as)
【来源】上海市华东师大第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题
10.这位年轻的建筑师渐渐明白,成功没有捷径,要想在行业中有所建树,关键是要勤勤恳恳、脚踏实地。(dawn)
【来源】上海市松江二中2025-2026学年高三上学期9月开学考试英语试题
三、真题演练
2025年6月
1.这块布料轻薄又速干,最适合做运动服。(cloth)
参考译文:
2.他说话吞吞吐吐,在某种意义上,是在婉拒你的邀请。(equal)
参考译文:
3.采摘水果使游客身心放松,也帮助果农增加了至少三分之二的销量,一举两得。(by)
参考译文:
4.无论顶着多么大的压力,这位天才运动员都稳定发挥,在各大赛事中摘金夺银,为国争光。(However)
参考译文:
2024年6月
72. 我的外国友人不禁赞叹:上海值得看的地方有很多啊!(worth)
参考译文:
73. 她不断尝试将书法元素融入京剧的戏服设计中。(employ)
74. 在3月14日国际数学日,这位专家应邀来给小学生做一个关于数学符号的讲座。(fall on)
75. 这个博物馆的神奇之处在于,它将乡村的变迁、时光的痕迹和童年的回忆融合在了一个固定的空间中。(What)
参考译文:
2023年6月
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72.正如预期的那样,艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣(generate)
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73.你是否意识到这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则?(aware)
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74.这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议,为学生提供不一般的互动体验。(sign)
______________________________________________________________________________________
75.这部电视连续剧的剧情围绕某一虚拟的华南城市展开,在剧中汽车工业一直是该城市的骄傲。(where)
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