专题06 完形填空（期末真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题06 完形填空 主题01 人与自然——环境保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·上海奉贤·期末） China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is 1 with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward 2 development. This is very 3 to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, 4 a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to 5 . For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against 6 . “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The 7 fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all 8 technologies.” The latest 9 from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that 10 painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average 11 of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest 12 in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the 13 of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal 14 for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which 15 last year. 1．A．confused B．impressed C．obsessed D．connected 2．A．available B．accessible C．sustainable D．substantial 3．A．evident B．attractive C．invisible D．unique 4．A．donating B．contributing C．manufacturing D．distributing 5．A．fall behind B．put forward C．look up D．catch up 6．A．pollution B．environment C．ecology D．emission 7．A．probably B．inevitably C．incredibly D．traditionally 8．A．biological B．advanced C．far-reaching D．green 9．A．study B．figures C．technologies D．innovation 10．A．thanks to B．despite C．regardless of D．other than 11．A．height B．length C．concentration D．weight 12．A．obstacle B．improvement C．contribution D．cultivation 13．A．quality B．flavor C．deposit D．proportion 14．A．accounting B．making C．looking D．applying 15．A．took effect B．took place C．took to D．took in Passage 2 （24-25 高二上·山西吕梁・期末）In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃. Such a small increase is causing sea levels to rise and 16 the habitat of many species of plants and animals. A(n) 17 of 2℃ in global temperatures could result in 18 of 30% of the world’s land species. Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years and experts 19 that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future. 20 , areas which were land a few hundred years ago are now under water. As a result of the changing 21 , the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before. So what is 22 climate change? The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me. As the 23 increases, more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is 24 too. Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity 25 CO2. Furthermore, humans breathe out CO2 and trees “breathe in” CO2 and produce oxygen — so by 26 trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen. As a result of these 27 , CO2 levels are now at their highest for 800,000 years. The biggest 28 we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters. We need to 29 burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy. If we can get enough 30 from renewable fuels, we can stop using fossil fuels completely. 16．A．attacking B．ignoring C．threatening D．discovering 17．A．limitation B．reduction C．increase D．improvement 18．A．extinction B．escape C．change D．development 19．A．argue B．explain C．doubt D．predict 20．A．Surprisingly B．Consequently C．Immediately D．Usually 21．A．climate B．height C．period D．environment 22．A．forcing B．allowing C．causing D．helping 23．A．animal B．species C．plants D．population 24．A．wasted B．needed C．supplied D．stored 25．A．produces B．includes C．requires D．provides 26．A．transporting to B．searching for C．planting in D．cutting down 27．A．questions B．activities C．procedures D．disasters 28．A．challenge B．disadvantage C．adventure D．influence 29．A．consider B．deny C．stop D．hate 30．A．time B．energy C．inspiration D．knowledge Passage 3 （23-24高二上·广东深圳·期末） Pregracke grew up in Illinois, where the Mississippi River was in his backyard. Communities along the river use it to 31 freshwater and drop their industrial and household waste. As a teenager he began to notice the piles of 32 in the waterway. “I got 33 of seeing it and just wanted to do something about it,” he said. With persistence and sincerity, Pregracke got a small 34 from Alcoa, the largest aluminum (铝) company in the U.S., in 1997 and spent that money 35 a 35-mile of the river by himself that summer. He would transport the trash by boat and 36 it on his parents’ front yard for recycling. By year’s end, he had 37 pulled around 45,000 pounds of trash out of the river, with 90% of it recycled properly. It began as an individual effort, but over the years Pregracke turned it into a 38 movement. To date, about 70,000 volunteers have joined his 39 . His operation has become much more advanced since those early days, as his nonprofit Living Lands & Waters now has a group of 40 boats. Besides the river cleanup 41 , Pregracke has launched a floating classroom, where his staff 42 high school students and teachers about the 43 that pollution brought to river ecosystems. Picking up garbage is 44 , but Pregracke believes it is worthwhile and that volunteers get a huge sense of 45 from seeing the garbage piled up and recycled. 31．A．store B．deliver C．obtain D．process 32．A．rubbish B．furniture C．sand D．paper 33．A．fond B．shy C．sick D．hopeful 34．A．report B．fund C．review D．team 35．A．studying B．crossing C．exploring D．cleaning 36．A．sort B．remove C．mix D．bury 37．A．empty-handedly B．absent-mindedly C．single-handedly D．light-heartedly 38．A．political B．cultural C．competitive D．collective 39．A．trade B．protest C．research D．cause 40．A．weather-beaten B．good-looking C．well-equipped D．old-fashioned 41．A．application B．campaign C．discovery D．assessment 42．A．consults B．interviews C．contacts D．educates 43．A．fortune B．damage C．opportunity D．limitation 44．A．tough B．practical C．unfair D．rewarding 45．A．gratitude B．accomplishment C．expectation D．curiosity 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）Dr. Jonas Salk’s medical care to pets on the streets started ten years ago as a personal mission that he kept to himself. One morning, he stopped to 1 the dog of a beggar outside a convenience store. “I’d seen this guy before and 2 him. Regrettably, I just walked by him,” Salk said. “ 3 , that day, I just broke the 4 because I noticed his dog had serious skin condition.” He diagnosed and treated the dog’s condition, and the animal was 5 . But for Salk, the man’s 6 was the real wake-up call: “Thank you for not ignoring me” were the words that 7 his next chapter. Soon after, Salk began to do more, 8 small drop-in clinics to provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it and walking the streets looking for 9 individuals whose pets needed help. Right away, he was 10 by how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets. He also found many pet owners wanted to 11 stories about their dogs with others. With their 12 , Salk’s brother, Ian, began 13 some of the work and personal stories to raise awareness about animal welfare. His brother encouraged him to 14 the news online and soon more like-minded volunteers jumped on board. Since he started, Salk and his team have offered 15 to thousands of animals. 1．A．greet B．examine C．feed D．train 2．A．ignored B．approached C．contacted D．persuaded 3．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Otherwise D．However 4．A．appointment B．routine C．agreement D．balance 5．A．adopted B．infected C．traced D．transformed 6．A．tone B．forgiveness C．gratitude D．comment 7．A．improved B．inspired C．strengthened D．displayed 8．A．setting up B．setting off C．setting aside D．setting down 9．A．frustrated B．hopeless C．homeless D．elderly 10．A．bothered B．amused C．alarmed D．struck 11．A．repeat B．share C．extend D．connect 12．A．admission B．ambition C．permission D．invitation 13．A．documenting B．analyzing C．assessing D．revising 14．A．create B．search C．clarify D．spread 15．A．treatment B．friendship C．company D．Nutrition Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广西·期末） I stood at 165 cm, which is a bit shorter than the average man as a 28-year-old. One day, I found myself looking through a book store with 16 shelves. Stretching my toes, I could almost 17 the top shelf to grab and return the books. As I tried to get a book, a teenage girl, a few 18 taller than me but no older than fourteen, 19 my struggle. She quickly grabbed the book and 20 it in my hand. “Here you go!” she said with a smile.   “Thanks.” I replied, browsing (浏览) the 21 before attempting to put it back. But before I could even 22 my arm, she took it from my hand and returned it to the shelf. This became a(n) 23 . Every time I reached for a high-shelf item, she was there to help, taking my returns and replacing them with ease. She stopped browsing and 24 watched me with a smile, ready to lend a hand. As a man, I felt a bit 25 , but her kindness was evident. We 26 only a few words — her “Here!” and my “Thank you” — but her assistance was invaluable. I made my selections and, with a goodbye, 27 the checkout. I wondered if her recent sudden growth had made her appreciate her 28 or if she just enjoyed helping people. Whatever the 29 , it seemed that getting books off the shelves had 30 her day. Thank you, tall girl, for your unexpected help and kindness in the book store. 16．A．empty B．towering C．annoying D．solid 17．A．see B．find C．reach D．feel 18．A．feet B．miles C．inches D．meters 19．A．noticed B．admired C．applauded D．enjoyed 20．A．served B．threw C．showed D．placed 21．A．store B．book C．design D．shelf 22．A．lift B．cross C．balance D．expose 23．A．pattern B．outcome C．responsibility D．goal 24．A．slowly B．respectfully C．simply D．confusedly 25．A．glorious B．typical C．curious D．awkward 26．A．heard B．exchanged C．leaked D．operated 27．A．headed to B．came from C．got on D．lay in 28．A．value B．charm C．ability D．height 29．A．plan B．reason C．result D．error 30．A．stolen B．fed C．made D．cleaned Passage 3 （24-25高二上·浙江嘉兴·期末） Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far. At first, he 31 sought to help his neighbors stay physically active by offering to 32 their bikes for free. All he asked was the cost of new parts. Later, he started thinking about the unused bikes people had at home and 33 neighbors to donate those collecting 34 in their basements. Silver Spring, a Washington, D．C． , suburb of about 80, 000, is a 35 community bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees (难民) 36 to make this place home. Vera tunes (调整) up the donated bikes and 37 them to parks, food banks, and apartment complexes. He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over. Then he 38 people with the perfect new ride and watches them ride away happy. His initial 39 saw six bikes go in under 30 minutes. In addition to the adults and kids he 40 at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits. The groups 41 information including the height, gender and age of a 42 , and Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door. He’s happy to make the 43 . Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude, and they keep him busy with a 44 supply of bikes, helmets and locks. So far, more than 700 Silver Springers have new wheels to take them anywhere their feet can 45 , thanks to the big-hearted Bike Dude. 31．A．simply B．naturally C．immediately D．certainly 32．A．wash B．mend C．keep D．recycle 33．A．agreed with B．arranged for C．depended on D．appealed to 34．A．dust B．attention C．energy D．information 35．A．secure B．lively C．diverse D．friendly 36．A．careful B．eager C．ambitious D．proud 37．A．sells B．lends C．donates D．transports 38．A．pairs B．connects C．mixes D．compares 39．A．repair B．sale C．giveaway D．experiment 40．A．invites B．encounters C．hires D．comforts 41．A．confirm B．spread C．provide D．process 42．A．donor B．professional C．volunteer D．rider 43．A．trip B．decision C．choice D．fortune 44．A．flexible B．steady C．limited D．fixed 45．A．kick B．walk C．pedal D．move 主题03 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末） When Adam invited me to a camping trip to the mountains, I pictured a lovely house with comfortable beds. Therefore, I 1 to pack light with some food and clothes, imagine how 2 I was when Adam and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with supplies — tents, sleeping bags and water bottles! Red by Leo, we 3 the destination. “Watch out for the looks rocks!” Leo 4 from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to relieve the pain of my 5 . Looking up at the sky, Leo said, “A storm is developing. We need to 6 the tents.” He and Adam worked smoothly and 7 , while I stood around and pretended to help. 8 , we set up the camp before the storm struck. Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the 9 and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunders 10 . “The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can’t get 11 , what’s the fun in camping?” He said with a 12 . Soon the storm was gone, 13 us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles at the night sky. I won’t 14 — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n) 15 I would never forget. 1．A．decided B．refused C．promised D．forgot 2．A．disappointed B．delighted C．annoyed D．shocked 3．A．searched B．reached C．approached D．changed 4．A．explained B．warned C．joked D．admitted 5．A．legs B．arms C．eyes D．shoulders 6．A．give away B．put up C．hand in D．take out 7．A．painfully B．unwillingly C．skillfully D．creatively 8．A．Calmly B．Amazingly C．Unexpectedly D．Effortlessly 9．A．snack B．bag C．tent D．drink 10．A．shifted B．continued C．increased D．disappeared 11．A．angry B．sleepy C．dirty D．hungry 12．A．how B．nod C．cough D．smile 13．A．allowing B．forcing C．ordering D．begging 14．A．cry B．lie C．scream D．complain 15．A．failure B．conflict C．adventure D．performance Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江苏·期末）“When I was 8, a doctor predicted that I wouldn’t live past 20. But now I’m here, at 29, happy with my life,” says Ma Jun, the youngest laureate of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose 16 Ma, who uses a wheelchair, was born in 1995 in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region. His 17 piece is his debut prose collection, Qing Bai Shijie. The opening chapter delves into Ma’s childhood memories. While his peers ran and played, Ma could only sit on the stone steps, watching in 18 and sadness. His limbs were weak, and he couldn’t move or stand without help from birth, which 19   him from other children. This 20 memory has stayed with him, and it became the title of his first 21 published prose piece and the entire book. Ma’s writing journey began in 2016, the year he passed his college entrance exams but 22 not to enroll in university due to his family’s financial circumstances and his health conditions. Although his decision was 23 love and sacrifice, it plunged Ma into despair. The turning point came 24 a friend gave him a book, Shi Tiesheng’s best-seller Wo Yu Ditan. Shi, a renowned writer who also uses a wheelchair, had 25 his struggles into profound literature. At first, Ma had no interest in the book — he had lost 26 for everything. But one word caught his eye: “wheelchair”. As he read, Ma felt a spark of light illuminating his world. He could gather the courage to do something, like writing, instead of staying in bed letting life pass him by.   He embarked on a three-year odyssey of writing the book by 27 his own life, pouring his heart and soul into the words. In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news: His book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his 28 journey. Ma writes this line in the profile for his personal social media account as his motto: “Be a(n) 29 writer.” Writing is not just a profession for Ma — it’s a lifeline, a way to 30 the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope. 16．A．branch B．category C．division D．version 17．A．featured B．originated C．winning D．striking 18．A．anxiety B．curiosity C．faith D．frustration 19．A．isolated B．distinguished C．excused D．protected 20．A．rigid B．vivid C．peaceful D．distant 21．A．consequently B．critically C．officially D．fundamentally 22．A．failed B．chose C．struggled D．regretted 23．A．rooted in B．related to C．committed to D．equipped with 24．A．until B．since C．before D．when 25．A．conveyed B．transformed C．summarized D．motivated 26．A．capacity B．dignity C．passion D．determination 27．A．witnessing B．tackling C．justifying D．recording 28．A．literary B．academic C．recovery D．adventurous 29．A．elegant B．professional C．faithful D．comprehensive 30．A．appeal to B．keep to C．wrestle with D．connect with Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期末） In late March, my family were driving home from a wedding through the mountains to our rural hometown. I fell asleep in the passenger seat, and my next 31 was being in a rehabilitation center (康复中心) ten days later with a broken leg and a brain injury. My husband and daughter were treated and then 32 for minor injuries. I was 33 to home and a wheelchair for two months. Without the 34 of our church family and community, I would have spent much longer in the rehabilitation center. 35 , they took over sitting with me during the day, providing meals and praying for my 36 . With their proper care, I am back at work part-time, much earlier than the doctors 37 . For me, the biggest challenge was having to 38 others to take care of daily tasks, such as grocery shopping and meal preparation. This unexpected accident 39 our lives, yet we all emerged stronger. My son learned to be responsible for getting his schoolwork 40 by himself. My daughter learned the 41 of a church family, and that she could keep going and finish her college semester far away from home. The accident was an unwelcome 42 in my life, but it taught me to live. Through this experience, I’ve learned the power of resilience and 43 thinking. It has had a spreading impact in my life because it 44 my faith in humanity as a whole. And that even though God provides challenges, we become stronger in 45 them. 31．A．wish B．mission C．request D．memory 32．A．released B．disciplined C．appreciated D．prayed 33．A．rushed B．invited C．restricted D．glued 34．A．passion B．generosity C．sympathy D．support 35．A．Basically B．Permanently C．Fortunately D．Ultimately 36．A．collapse B．output C．recovery D．safety 37．A．predicted B．acknowledged C．appointed D．planned 38．A．weigh on B．count on C．refer to D．approve of 39．A．changed B．abandoned C．betrayed D．threatened 40．A．scanned B．wrapped C．accomplished D．drafted 41．A．tradition B．value C．resolution D．origin 42．A．danger B．visitor C．chance D．problem 43．A．constructive B．innovative C．exceptional D．positive 44．A．strengthened B．sustained C．recognized D．dismissed 45．A．exposing B．meeting C．ignoring D．assessing 主题01 人与社会——文化传承与社会服务 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江衢州·期末） Rick Thomas, a dedicated trucker from Akron, was on his usual route for ABF Freight when he noticed a female 1 on Seasons Road in Peninsula, Ohio. Her SUV was disabled with a blown tire, blocking a busy intersection and she stood by 2 . Without hesitation, Rick 3 his truck and approached the distressed woman. “I hopped out and asked her if her car carried a 4 tire,” Rick recounted to Truckers News. And she said yes. Then he wasted no time in rolling up his sleeves and getting to work. As he worked, he 5 the woman was safely off the road. He not only fixed the flat but also 6 a potential traffic accident. The sun was high, casting a warm glow on the scene as Rick efficiently 7 the tire. His hands moved with the 8 of a man who’s been on the road for many years. He kept up a steady stream of comforting 9 to calm the woman’s nerves. For his act, Rick was 10 by the Truckload Carriers Association (TCA) as a “TCA Highway Angel”. This prestigious honor, awarded since 1997, celebrates truck drivers who 11 exceptional kindness in their everyday work. When praised, “It’s just my 12 .” Rick said modestly. “I’m a truck driver, and that’s what we do.” Rick’s actions showed 13 could be found in the most unexpected places. As he 14 his journey, he left behind a 15 motorist and a story that would remind us of the kindness found along the open road. 1．A．motorist B．hiker C．passenger D．cyclist 2．A．silently B．patiently C．helplessly D．tirelessly 3．A．jumped into B．pulled over C．turned to D．sped up 4．A．spare B．flat C．rubber D．smooth 5．A．promised B．ensured C．agreed D．imagined 6．A．survived B．witnessed C．caused D．prevented 7．A．tended B．exchanged C．changed D．observed 8．A．presence B．help C．thought D．confidence 9．A．interview B．conversation C．lecture D．argument 10．A．declared B．defined C．admitted D．recognized 11．A．explain B．inspire C．display D．stress 12．A．nature B．right C．practice D．chance 13．A．champions B．heroes C．drivers D．passers-by 14．A．recalled B．continued C．expected D．documented 15．A．determined B．brave C．grateful D．kind Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期末） What started as a normal day of biking along the Clinton River turned into a rescue mission for Rochester Police officer Keith Harper. He jumped into 16 when he came across three kayakers (皮划艇运动员) who needed help. “They were up against this tree. The pressure of the water had 17 them up into this root that was coming out,” recalled Harper. Harper told the reporter, “I could just hear adult males 18 and I wasn’t sure at first if it was just people 19 around or somebody that was in trouble, so I 20 and asked if they were okay and came down here and found all three of them in the water. 21 , I were able to safely get them out of the water,” The kayakers had some cuts but no major 22 . A day after the 23 , Harper posted anonymously (匿名地) about what had happened on the Rochester Police Facebook page. He says he didn’t want people to 24 what he did but rather to spread awareness about water 25 . Harper shared some helpful 26 you should know before going out on the river. He says people should know the level of the water and the 27 of it. The Clinton River has a lot of turns, and there are some trees that 28 out some roots. Also, don’t 29 your life jacket while you’re out on the water. He says he’s just 30 he was there to help. 16．A．conclusion B．business C．action D．competition 17．A．mixed B．pushed C．woke D．picked 18．A．singing B．laughing C．reading D．shouting 19．A．turning B．messing C．looking D．driving 20．A．stopped B．judged C．escaped D．returned 21．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Obviously D．Actually 22．A．events B．injuries C．progress D．experience 23．A．rescue B．experiment C．activity D．search 24．A．believe in B．get through C．focus on D．put off 25．A．pollution B．change C．appearance D．safety 26．A．tips B．places C．plans D．choices 27．A．sound B．value C．route D．life 28．A．figure B．find C．leave D．stick 29．A．carry B．damage C．forget D．share 30．A．nervous B．curious C．relaxed D．happy Passage 3 （24-25高二上·湖南永州·期末） Colleen Wall, an inspirational artist, is devoted to using murals (壁画) to make a “window view” to uplift patients. Her journey into the Arts & Healthcare field began in 1995, when she was diagnosed (诊断) with 31 cancer. Fortunately, she recovered. This life-changing experience 32 her passion for using art to help others. After 33 stomach cancer, she served as an artist at Women’s & Children’s Hospital of Buffalo. One morning, Colleen entered a patient’s room and 34 , “It’s such a beautiful day outside!” The patient 35 from her bed and replied, “It always looks the same from here.” That simple but powerful 36 inspired Colleen’s idea for a project: Transforming Healthcare Spaces. It was successfully 37 with a crowd-funding Kickstarter campaign, and it offered her the opportunity to create 20 inspirational 38 she called Land Escapes. The window-inspired paintings include elements of nature to 39 the viewer into the scene. They also 40 words of encouragement and inspiration. Colleen’s goal is to give every patient a view to a sunny, peaceful place, offering a mental 41 from the restrictions of the hospital room and a(n) 42 that better days are ahead. “Spending long periods of time in a hospital room can feel 43 ,” said Colleen. “These window paintings are meant to help patients feel as though they are not 44 to a small room but instead can take a(n) 45 journey outside into nature.” 31．A．skin B．stomach C．lung D．bone 32．A．weakened B．fueled C．withdrew D．limited 33．A．developing B．stimulating C．detecting D．beating 34．A．added B．explained C．remarked D．roared 35．A．looked up B．looked down C．looked back D．looked around 36．A．proposal B．prediction C．exchange D．bond 37．A．faced B．overcome C．funded D．replaced 38．A．paintings B．poems C．essays D．songs 39．A．admit B．attract C．forbid D．accompany 40．A．guarantee B．demand C．grasp D．feature 41．A．disease B．phenomenon C．challenge D．escape 42．A．evidence B．reminder C．promise D．example 43．A．envious B．uplifted C．energetic D．lonely 44．A．suited B．addicted C．restricted D．committed 45．A．imaginary B．adventurous C．conventional D．tough 主题02 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·贵州黔东南·期末） What would you do if doctors suddenly told you that you had cancer? You may feel shocked and 1 . But for 59-year-old Jackson, she faced her diagnosis (诊断) with 2 and made the most of every moment. In 2010, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. After 15 months of treatment in the hospital, she decided to stay 3 . As a passionate 4 and frequent traveler, she started cycling across France again and took trips to Australia. “Doctors say there is a 95 percent chance that I will never have to worry about cancer again, ” she said. By 2018, she had stopped 5 the remaining 5 percent. But that spring, due to constant tiredness, she went to the hospital for a 6 check-up. On April 30, she received the most 7 news: the cancer had returned. This time, it was in her 8 and had spread to her liver. Even worse, doctors told her it was Stage 4—terminal (晚期的) . Jackson knew this round of treatment would 9 both her body and mind. Determined not to let cancer 10 her life, she joined a dance club. One morning before an important competition, she woke up with sore muscles and could 11 move. However, with great determination, she 12 to stand on stage. “I don’ t care if I fall on the floor, because it might be the last time I can 13 something like this, ” she said. In October, Jackson underwent surgery to remove both her stomach and liver. Despite the physical 14 , she continued to enjoy every dance step. “You have to have a goal to keep going, ” she said. “You need something to 15 every day. ” 1．A．comforted B．touched C．anxious D．joyful 2．A．disbelief B．sadness C．anger D．courage 3．A．calm B．active C．silent D．safe 4．A．patient B．cyclist C．hiker D．dancer 5．A．fearing B．applying C．sharing D．ignoring 6．A．minor B．final C．thorough D．previous 7．A．disturbing B．reliable C．appropriate D．convincing 8．A．breast B．lung C．stomach D．skin 9．A．choose B．test C．absorb D．preserve 10．A．enrich B．expand C．assess D．control 11．A．hardly B．eventually C．naturally D．normally 12．A．continued B．tried C．prepared D．managed 13．A．obey B．attempt C．detect D．oppose 14．A．challenges B．abilities C．fitness D．energy 15．A．look out for B．look down upon C．look up to D．look forward to Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西运城·期末） Willie Wilson always lived life to the fullest. A star athlete and Mr. Popular in school, he had dreams of a 16 basketball career. However, at 13, his life changed 17 when he began to lose his vision. He couldn’t see the blackboard clearly as before, and soon he could rarely 18 his classmates. By 15, he was completely blind, and no one could 19 the sudden loss. Struggling to deal with it, Willie ran the streets with friends and fought anyone who 20 him, trying to prove he was still the same “Thrill Willie Wilson”. He always 21 to acknowledge his weakness until a life-changing speech about saving oneself on TV 22 him to seek a new path, leading him to college. Unfortunately, his challenges were enlarged when he began losing his 23 , and by 21, he was both blind and deaf. He dropped out of school and moved back to his 24 , when he was finally diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤). Willie’s life became a 25 of hospital visits and surgeries, leaving him 26 to his bedroom as friends left away. Determined to 27 the world, he took on the challenge of learning American Sign Language. Then, he discovered an apartment community designed for individuals with 28 . Accepted into the program, Willie regained his independence and obtained 29 from kind strangers. Now, he’s Mr. Popular again, his signing skills improving daily, and he often 30 the day of staff and residents with his sharp sense of humor. 16．A．considerate B．professional C．wealthy D．sensitive 17．A．especially B．eventually C．objectively D．dramatically 18．A．recognize B．remember C．reject D．trouble 19．A．recall B．experience C．explain D．comfort 20．A．woke up B．helped with C．laughed at D．took in 21．A．competed B．smiled C．determined D．refused 22．A．threatened B．inspired C．forced D．entertained 23．A．sight B．confidence C．hearing D．strength 24．A．home B．occupation C．street D．dream 25．A．game B．routine C．comedy D．joke 26．A．devoted B．objected C．opposed D．limited 27．A．connect with B．agree with C．complain about D．give up 28．A．talents B．relatives C．degrees D．disabilities 29．A．vision B．perseverance C．motivation D．criticism 30．A．wastes B．brightens C．arranges D．expands Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东德州·期末） I’d always loved to sing and had already signed up for the school talent show when I started stuttering (口吃). I went from being a(n) 31 , carefree 10-year-old to a shy and insecure one. I tried speech therapy (治疗) but it didn’t 32 . I was angry and confused. I decided to practice at home, where no one could hear me mess up. By the summer I was 12, my stutter had become my entire 33 , and I dared not talk at all. One August afternoon, I walked into the basement, where I kept my musical 34 . I sat down and sobbed, 35 and frustrated. My eyes lit on my guitar. I picked it up and started playing. Then I opened my mouth. To my amazement, words came 36 when I sang. I wrote a song called “I Will Trust” on the spot. I sang about how lost I felt and how the pain 37 me down. I expressed everything I hadn’t been able to 38 . I cried again, this time for joy. Ever since, I’ve been writing songs 39 the human condition. Last year, I came across the America’s Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer. I felt 40 to give it a try. A couple of months later, there I was — standing on that big 41 . My heart raced, but this time it was 42 by excitement rather than fear. When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges. Their 43 thundered in my ears, removing all the 44 that had troubled me for so long. In that instant, I realized I was no longer defined by my stutter but by my music and 45 . 31．A．sincere B．outgoing C．humble D．sensitive 32．A．help B．exist C．matter D．stop 33．A．interest B．history C．identity D．strength 34．A．theory B．style C．popularity D．equipment 35．A．guilty B．hopeless C．grateful D．content 36．A．flooding out B．breaking in C．splitting up D．acting on 37．A．calmed B．turned C．weighed D．handed 38．A．report B．voice C．imagine D．admit 39．A．exploring B．removing C．defending D．overlooking 40．A．forced B．called C．scared D．questioned 41．A．board B．track C．move D．stage 42．A．fueled B．contained C．disturbed D．replaced 43．A．discussion B．applause C．debate D．blame 44．A．self-discipline B．self-confidence C．self-ignorance D．self-doubt 45．A．courage B．silence C．education D．intelligence 主题03 人与自然——生物多样性与太空探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） My family have lived in the Maranhão region of northern Brazil for generations. For centuries, my people have 1 the natural world there, looking after the Amazon rainforest. Our traditions help us sustain the environment, and 2 nature provides for us: trees give us food and medicine. Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us. Also 3 to us, however, was the need to 4 . Since 1500, our land has been under constant 5 . Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain. As a child, my grandfather 6 all this to me. He understood the dangers people and the planet 7 . He’s no longer with us, but I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got 8 in recent decades. Around us are illegal 9 , hunting and mining. We take matters into our own hands to protect our land. We founded the Guardians of the Forest. When we see an illegal camp or 10 a new incursion (入侵), we Guardians have a (n) 11 — our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs. Our networks cooperate, study the area, and prepare to act. We look for the best way to 12 while minimizing the risks to our safety. We agree on tactics (战术), then surround the camps, and destroy their equipment and trucks, leaving them with no choice but to go 13 . Our resistance is 14 . In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed 15 . Today, there are only five. 1．A．developed B．preserved C．shaped D．explored 2．A．in return B．by chance C．on purpose D．to date 3．A．given away B．called on C．passed down D．left behind 4．A．tolerate B．adapt C．struggle D．fight 5．A．attack B．watch C．guidance D．stress 6．A．referred B．explained C．exposed D．owed 7．A．caused B．presented C．faced D．recognize 8．A．milder B．worse C．rarer D．clearer 9．A．shipping B．spying C．climbing D．logging 10．A．identify B．empty C．escape D．oppose 11．A．duty B．mercy C．excuse D．advantage 12．A．stay B．launch C．approach D．submit 13．A．camping B．racing C．packing D．hiking 14．A．fading B．working C．declining D．beginning 15．A．closing B．improving C．reserving D．expanding Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州铜仁·期末） On the first day of summer vacation, I wandered along the muddy riverbank behind our village. My eyes were suddenly 16 by a rainbow-colored object in the water — upon closer inspection, it wasn’t a fish, but a plastic bag that was tightly 17 in the branches. The treasure river of my childhood then gave off a smell of 18 waste. Grandpa used to excite me with tales of catching fish in this clear river. Perhaps, it’s time to take action. Holding a trash picker firmly, I 19 the challenging task of clearing the river. By noon, my bag was stuffed with bottles and various other 20 . Just as tiredness began to sweep over me, a 21 cast itself across the water. “Could you use a 22 , kid?” An elderly woman threw herself into my work. It’s Mrs Lee, a retired biology teacher. “This river once 23 our rice fields,” she said, pointing to the vast area. We worked until sunset, and our conversation 24 from environmental pollution prevention to village history. The following morning, several neighbors 25 us, equipped with rakes (耙子) and shovels. On the fifth day, something 26 occurred — butterflies 27 over the cleaned stretch, their wings sparkling (闪耀) like living jewels. Villagers released lots of little 28 into the river. As the tiny creature swam through the clear water, 29 , I realized that protecting the environment is protecting ourselves and the environmental restoration requires team work and maintaining persistent 30 . 16．A．matched B．misled C．caught D．covered 17．A．held B．wrapped C．buried D．floated 18．A．familiar B．mild C．sweet D．sharp 19．A．took up B．turned to C．went on D．called up 20．A．goods B．furniture C．garbage D．luggage 21．A．teenager B．character C．villager D．figure 22．A．map B．hand C．knife D．towel 23．A．irrigated B．flooded C．damaged D．fertilized 24．A．fixed B．shifted C．stopped D．focused 25．A．questioned B．passed C．greeted D．joined 26．A．amazing B．awful C．accidental D．amused 27．A．crawled B．swam C．flew D．dived 28．A．butterflies B．fish C．birds D．dragonflies 29．A．unexpectedly B．gradually C．suddenly D．casually 30．A．imagination B．thought C．dream D．effort Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末） In a sunny town, there was a girl named Veronika. She was passionate about science. One Saturday, Veronika had an exciting idea. She wanted to 31 the tide pools at the beach. Veronika 32 her friend Lisa and shared her plan. Lisa, always up for an 33 , thought it sounded like a brilliant idea. She invited her friends and they all agreed to 34 at the beach. Veronika arrived with a small backpack filled with 35 tools: a magnifying (放大) glass, a notebook, a camera, and even a waterproof case for her phone. She also brought a collection of identification charts for 36 types of marine (海洋的) creatures. Her friends couldn’t wait to see what they would 37 . As they reached the beach, they noticed that the tide was 38 , revealing the rocky tide pools that Veronika wanted to explore. The group 39 their way over, and Veronika led the way, explaining how the tide 40 were like underwater gardens filled with unique marine life. Lisa, who had never explored these before, was amazed by the diversity of life 41 within these rocky pools. As the day 42 , they discovered more fascinating marine life. They learned about the 43 of tide pools as nurseries for many oceans species and how these weak ecosystems needed to be 44 . When they finished exploring, they returned to their beach towers, where they shared stories of their discoveries and cried at the wonders of 45 . 31．A．visit B．clean C．explore D．protect 32．A．missed B．called C．kept D．helped 33．A．adventure B．experiment C．explanation D．advantage 34．A．camp B．meet C．swim D．work 35．A．design B．development C．science D．game 36．A．different B．quiet C．particular D．ideal 37．A．make B．appreciate C．discover D．buy 38．A．strong B．early C．red D．low 39．A．changed B．chose C．made D．showed 40．A．lines B．pools C．movements D．cycles 41．A．wasted B．followed C．lost D．hidden 42．A．came back B．ran away C．drew near D．went on 43．A．importance B．history C．culture D．society 44．A．protected B．managed C．introduced D．created 45．A．universe B．nature C．technology D．human / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空 主题01 人与自然——环境保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·上海奉贤·期末） China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is 1 with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward 2 development. This is very 3 to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, 4 a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to 5 . For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against 6 . “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The 7 fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all 8 technologies.” The latest 9 from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that 10 painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average 11 of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest 12 in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the 13 of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal 14 for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which 15 last year. 1．A．confused B．impressed C．obsessed D．connected 2．A．available B．accessible C．sustainable D．substantial 3．A．evident B．attractive C．invisible D．unique 4．A．donating B．contributing C．manufacturing D．distributing 5．A．fall behind B．put forward C．look up D．catch up 6．A．pollution B．environment C．ecology D．emission 7．A．probably B．inevitably C．incredibly D．traditionally 8．A．biological B．advanced C．far-reaching D．green 9．A．study B．figures C．technologies D．innovation 10．A．thanks to B．despite C．regardless of D．other than 11．A．height B．length C．concentration D．weight 12．A．obstacle B．improvement C．contribution D．cultivation 13．A．quality B．flavor C．deposit D．proportion 14．A．accounting B．making C．looking D．applying 15．A．took effect B．took place C．took to D．took in 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是通过治理环境污染，分享经验，中国成为世界清洁技术的领导者。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. confused困惑的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. obsessed（对……）着迷的；D. connected连接的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____4_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，Erik Solheim对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. available可获得的；B. accessible可使用的；C. sustainable可持续发展的；D. substantial实质性的。根据下文“China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year”和第9空后的“the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path”可知，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。A. evident明显的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. invisible看不见的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____4_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Solheim的最新推文包括：中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。A. donating捐赠；B. contributing贡献；C. manufacturing制造；D. distributing分发。根据下文“a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他认为，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。A. fall behind落后；B. put forward提出；C. look up查询；D. catch up赶上。根据上文“it’s time for the rest of the world to”可知，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾任挪威环境部长和国际发展部部长的Solheim认为，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。A. pollution污染；B. environment环境；C. ecology生态；D. emission排放。根据下文“fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade”可知，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：过去10年，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少，这表明中国的行动速度有多快。A. probably可能地；B. inevitably不可避免地；C. incredibly令人难以置信地；D. traditionally传统上。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少。故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。A. biological生物的；B. advanced先进的；C. far-reaching影响深远的；D. green绿色的。根据上文“renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting”可知，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察，即中国正在迅速转向一条更可持续的道路。A. study学习；B. figures数字；C. technologies技术；D. innovation创新。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察。故选B。 10．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他说，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。A. thanks to多亏，由于；B. despite尽管；C. regardless of不管；D. other than除了。根据下文“painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace”可知，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然糟糕的空气质量曾是公众经常抱怨的一个来源，但从2015年到去年，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。A. height高度；B. length长度；C. concentration浓度；D. weight重量。根据下文“of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。A. obstacle障碍；B. improvement提高；C. contribution贡献；D. cultivation培养。根据上文“About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015”可知，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：近10年来，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，已接近发达国家水平。A. quality质量；B. flavor味道；C. deposit存款；D. proportion比例。根据下文“rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent”可知，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，空格处意为“比例”。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碳强度，即单位国内生产总值的碳排放下降了34.4%，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%，而十年前为68.5%。A. accounting占（一定数量或比例）；B. making制作；C. looking看；D. applying申请。根据下文“for 56 percent of total energy consumption”可知，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%。故选A。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国已经立法或修订了大约30部法律法规，其中一些专注于水资源保护，包括2017年修改的《水污染防治法》和去年生效的《长江保护法》。A. took effect生效；B. took place发生；C. took to喜欢；D. took in吸收。根据上文“Yangtze River Protection Law”可知，《长江保护法》在去年生效。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25 高二上·山西吕梁・期末）In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃. Such a small increase is causing sea levels to rise and 16 the habitat of many species of plants and animals. A(n) 17 of 2℃ in global temperatures could result in 18 of 30% of the world’s land species. Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years and experts 19 that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future. 20 , areas which were land a few hundred years ago are now under water. As a result of the changing 21 , the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before. So what is 22 climate change? The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me. As the 23 increases, more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is 24 too. Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity 25 CO2. Furthermore, humans breathe out CO2 and trees “breathe in” CO2 and produce oxygen — so by 26 trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen. As a result of these 27 , CO2 levels are now at their highest for 800,000 years. The biggest 28 we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters. We need to 29 burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy. If we can get enough 30 from renewable fuels, we can stop using fossil fuels completely. 16．A．attacking B．ignoring C．threatening D．discovering 17．A．limitation B．reduction C．increase D．improvement 18．A．extinction B．escape C．change D．development 19．A．argue B．explain C．doubt D．predict 20．A．Surprisingly B．Consequently C．Immediately D．Usually 21．A．climate B．height C．period D．environment 22．A．forcing B．allowing C．causing D．helping 23．A．animal B．species C．plants D．population 24．A．wasted B．needed C．supplied D．stored 25．A．produces B．includes C．requires D．provides 26．A．transporting to B．searching for C．planting in D．cutting down 27．A．questions B．activities C．procedures D．disasters 28．A．challenge B．disadvantage C．adventure D．influence 29．A．consider B．deny C．stop D．hate 30．A．time B．energy C．inspiration D．knowledge 【答案】16．C 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对全球生态系统的影响和引起气候变化的原因。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如此微小的上升正在导致海平面上升，并威胁到许多动植物的栖息地。A. attacking攻击；B. ignoring忽视；C. threatening威胁；D. discovering发现。根据上文“causing sea levels to rise and”可知，海平面上升威胁到了许多动植物的栖息地。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球气温每升高2℃，就可能导致世界上30%的陆地物种灭绝。A. limitation限制；B. reduction减少；C. increase升高；D. improvement改善。根据上文“In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃.(在过去的100年里，全球气温上升了大约0.75℃)”可知，此处指全球气温升高的影响。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球气温每升高2℃，就可能导致世界上30%的陆地物种灭绝。A. extinction灭绝；B. escape逃走；C. change改变；D. development发展。根据上文“the habitat of many species of plants and animals.”提到了海平面上升威胁到许多动植物的栖息地，由此可知，气温升高会导致物种灭绝。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的100年里，英国的海平面上升了大约10厘米，专家们预测，在不久的将来，全球海平面可能会上升59厘米。A. argue争论；B. explain解释；C. doubt怀疑；D. predict预测。根据后文“that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future”可知，此处是专家的预测：在不久的将来，全球海平面可能会上升59厘米。故选D。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，几百年前还是陆地的地区现在都被水淹没了。A. Surprisingly惊人地；B. Consequently结果；C. Immediately立即；D. Usually通常。上文“Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years”提到在过去的100年里，英国的海平面上升了大约10厘米，因此结果就是几百年前还是陆地的地区现在都被水淹没了。故选B。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于气候变化，世界生态系统的变化也比以往任何时候都要快。A. climate气候；B. height高度；C. period时期；D. environment环境。根据后文“the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before”可知，生态系统变化是因为气候在发生变化，后文“climate change”也给出了提示。故选A。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么是什么导致了气候变化呢？A. forcing迫使；B. allowing允许；C. causing导致；D. helping帮助。根据后文“The main cause of climate change”可知，此处问的是：是什么导致了气候变化。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。A. animal动物；B. species物种；C. plants植物；D. population人口。根据上文“The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me.(气候变化的主要原因是大气中大量的二氧化碳等温室气体，但其原因是世界人口——你和我)”可知，此处指人口的增长。故选D。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。A. wasted浪费；B. needed需要；C. supplied供应；D. stored储存。根据上文“more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is”可知，随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：燃烧化石燃料取暖、照明、运输或发电会产生二氧化碳。A. produces产生；B. includes包含；C. requires需要；D. provides提供。根据上文“Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity”以及常识，燃烧化石燃料会产生二氧化碳。故选A。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，人类呼出二氧化碳，树木“吸入”二氧化碳并产生氧气——因此，通过砍伐树木，我们增加了大气中的二氧化碳含量，减少了氧气含量。A. transporting to运送到；B. searching for寻找；C. planting in种植；D. cutting down砍伐。根据后文“trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen.”可知，我们增加了大气中的二氧化碳含量，是因为砍伐森林。故选D。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为这些活动的结果，二氧化碳水平现在达到了80万年来的最高水平。A. questions问题；B. activities活动；C. procedures程序；D. disasters灾难。根据语境可知，上文主要列举了人口增加、燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林等人类的一系列活动，导致了二氧化碳增加。故选B。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人面临的最大挑战是防止进一步的环境灾难。A. challenge挑战；B. disadvantage缺点；C. adventure冒险；D. influence影响。根据后文“we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters”可知，防止进一步的环境灾难是人们面临的最大挑战。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要停止燃烧化石燃料，开始使用可再生能源。A. consider考虑；B. deny否认；C. stop停止；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“we can stop using fossil fuels completely”指需要停止燃烧化石燃料，开始使用可再生能源。故选C。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能从可再生燃料中获得足够的能量，我们就能完全停止使用化石燃料。A. time时间；B. energy能量；C. inspiration鼓舞；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“from renewable fuels”可知，从燃料中获得的是能量。故选B。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·广东深圳·期末） Pregracke grew up in Illinois, where the Mississippi River was in his backyard. Communities along the river use it to 31 freshwater and drop their industrial and household waste. As a teenager he began to notice the piles of 32 in the waterway. “I got 33 of seeing it and just wanted to do something about it,” he said. With persistence and sincerity, Pregracke got a small 34 from Alcoa, the largest aluminum (铝) company in the U.S., in 1997 and spent that money 35 a 35-mile of the river by himself that summer. He would transport the trash by boat and 36 it on his parents’front yard for recycling. By year’s end, he had 37 pulled around 45,000 pounds of trash out of the river, with 90% of it recycled properly. It began as an individual effort, but over the years Pregracke turned it into a 38 movement. To date, about 70,000 volunteers have joined his 39 . His operation has become much more advanced since those early days, as his nonprofit Living Lands & Waters now has a group of 40 boats. Besides the river cleanup 41 , Pregracke has launched a floating classroom, where his staff 42 high school students and teachers about the 43 that pollution brought to river ecosystems. Picking up garbage is 44 , but Pregracke believes it is worthwhile and that volunteers get a huge sense of 45 from seeing the garbage piled up and recycled. 31．A．store B．deliver C．obtain D．process 32．A．rubbish B．furniture C．sand D．paper 33．A．fond B．shy C．sick D．hopeful 34．A．report B．fund C．review D．team 35．A．studying B．crossing C．exploring D．cleaning 36．A．sort B．remove C．mix D．bury 37．A．empty-handedly B．absent-mindedly C．single-handedly D．light-heartedly 38．A．political B．cultural C．competitive D．collective 39．A．trade B．protest C．research D．cause 40．A．weather-beaten B．good-looking C．well-equipped D．old-fashioned 41．A．application B．campaign C．discovery D．assessment 42．A．consults B．interviews C．contacts D．educates 43．A．fortune B．damage C．opportunity D．limitation 44．A．tough B．practical C．unfair D．rewarding 45．A．gratitude B．accomplishment C．expectation D．curiosity 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．C 41．B 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Pregracke不忍心看到密西西比河上垃圾堆积，于是开始收集垃圾并回收。他的行动也从个人行动变成了集体运动，到目前为止，大约有7万名志愿者加入了他的事业。除了河流清理运动，Pregracke还发起了一个水上教室，在那里他的员工教育高中学生和老师关于污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：沿河的社区用它来获取淡水，并丢弃工业和家庭垃圾。A. store储存；B. deliver递送；C. obtain获得；D. process加工。根据后文“freshwater”指沿河的社区从河里获取淡水。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，他开始注意到水道里成堆的垃圾。A. rubbish垃圾；B. furniture家具；C. sand沙子；D. paper纸张。根据上文“drop their industrial and household waste”可知，水道里成堆的垃圾。故选A。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我很讨厌看到这种情况，只想为此做点什么。”A. fond喜欢的；B. shy害羞的；C. sick恶心的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据后文“of seeing it and just wanted to do something about it”可知，他讨厌看到河里都是垃圾，想做点什么，短语be sick of表示“对……感到厌烦”。故选C。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借坚持和真诚，Pregracke在1997年从美国最大的铝业公司Alcoa那里得到了一笔小额资金，并在那个夏天用这笔钱独自清理了35英里长的河流。A. report报告；B. fund资金；C. review复习；D. team队伍。根据后文“spent that money”可知，他得到了一家公司的资金。故选B。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭借坚持和真诚，Pregracke在1997年从美国最大的铝业公司Alcoa那里得到了一笔小额资金，并在那个夏天用这笔钱独自清理了35英里长的河流。A. studying学习；B. crossing穿过；C. exploring探索；D. cleaning清理。根据后文“He would transport the trash”可知，他在那个夏天用这笔钱独自清理了35英里长的河流。故选D。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会用船运输垃圾，然后在他父母的前院把垃圾分类，以便回收利用。A. sort分类；B. remove去除；C. mix混合；D. bury埋葬。根据后文“it on his parents’ front yard for recycling”以及常识，要回收利用先要把垃圾分类。故选A。 37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：到年底，他已经独自一人从河里捞出了大约4.5万磅的垃圾，其中90%得到了适当的回收。A. empty-handedly两手空空；B. absent-mindedly心不在焉地；C. single-handedly独力地；D. light-heartedly自由自在地。呼应上文“a 35-mile of the river by himself”指他独自一人打捞河里的垃圾。故选C。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它开始是一个个人的努力，但多年来Pregracke把它变成了一个集体运动。A. political政治的；B. cultural文化的；C. competitive竞争的；D. collective集体的。根据后文“about 70,000 volunteers”可知，他把这件事变成了集体运动，大约有7万名志愿者加入了他的事业。故选D。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，大约有7万名志愿者加入了他的事业。A. trade贸易；B. protest抗议；C. research研究；D. cause事业。根据上文“It began as an individual effort, but over the years Pregracke turned it into a”可知，此处指大约有7万名志愿者加入了他的垃圾回收事业。故选D。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他的业务已经变得更加先进，因为他的非营利组织“生活土地和水域”现在有一组装备精良的船只。A. weather-beaten饱经风霜的；B. good-looking好看的；C. well-equipped设备精良的；D. old-fashioned过时的。根据上文“His operation has become much more advanced”可知，他的业务已经变得更加先进，船只也装备精良了。故选C。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了河流清理运动，Pregracke还发起了一个水上教室，在那里他的员工教育高中学生和老师关于污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。A. application申请；B. campaign运动；C. discovery发现；D. assessment评估。呼应上文“movement”此处指河流清理运动，应用campaign。故选B。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了河流清理运动，Pregracke还发起了一个水上教室，在那里他的员工教育高中学生和老师关于污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。A. consults咨询；B. interviews采访；C. contacts联系；D. educates教育。根据后文“high school students and teachers about the”可知，水上教室主要是教育高中学生和老师关于污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。故选D。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了河流清理运动，Pregracke还发起了一个水上教室，在那里他的员工教育高中学生和老师关于污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。A. fortune运气；B. damage破坏，损害；C. opportunity机会；D. limitation限制。根据后文“that pollution brought to river ecosystems”此处指污染给河流生态系统带来的损害。故选B。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：捡垃圾很辛苦，但Pregracke认为这是值得的，志愿者们看到垃圾堆积起来并被回收，会有一种巨大的成就感。A. tough艰难的，艰苦的；B. practical实际的；C. unfair不公平的；D. rewarding有益的。根据后文“but Pregracke believes it is worthwhile”中but表示转折，可知，捡垃圾很辛苦，但Pregracke认为这是值得的，故选A。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：捡垃圾很辛苦，但Pregracke认为这是值得的，志愿者们看到垃圾堆积起来并被回收，会有一种巨大的成就感。A. gratitude感激；B. accomplishment成就；C. expectation期待；D. curiosity好奇。根据后文“from seeing the garbage piled up and recycled”可知，志愿者们看到垃圾堆积起来并被回收，会有一种巨大的成就感。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）Dr. Jonas Salk’s medical care to pets on the streets started ten years ago as a personal mission that he kept to himself. One morning, he stopped to 1 the dog of a beggar outside a convenience store. “I’d seen this guy before and 2 him. Regrettably, I just walked by him,” Salk said. “ 3 , that day, I just broke the 4 because I noticed his dog had serious skin condition.” He diagnosed and treated the dog’s condition, and the animal was 5 . But for Salk, the man’s 6 was the real wake-up call: “Thank you for not ignoring me” were the words that 7 his next chapter. Soon after, Salk began to do more, 8 small drop-in clinics to provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it and walking the streets looking for 9 individuals whose pets needed help. Right away, he was 10 by how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets. He also found many pet owners wanted to 11 stories about their dogs with others. With their 12 , Salk’s brother, Ian, began 13 some of the work and personal stories to raise awareness about animal welfare. His brother encouraged him to 14 the news online and soon more like-minded volunteers jumped on board. Since he started, Salk and his team have offered 15 to thousands of animals. 1．A．greet B．examine C．feed D．train 2．A．ignored B．approached C．contacted D．persuaded 3．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Otherwise D．However 4．A．appointment B．routine C．agreement D．balance 5．A．adopted B．infected C．traced D．transformed 6．A．tone B．forgiveness C．gratitude D．comment 7．A．improved B．inspired C．strengthened D．displayed 8．A．setting up B．setting off C．setting aside D．setting down 9．A．frustrated B．hopeless C．homeless D．elderly 10．A．bothered B．amused C．alarmed D．struck 11．A．repeat B．share C．extend D．connect 12．A．admission B．ambition C．permission D．invitation 13．A．documenting B．analyzing C．assessing D．revising 14．A．create B．search C．clarify D．spread 15．A．treatment B．friendship C．company D．Nutrition 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述索尔从一次偶然的善举开始，发展到为无家可归者的宠物提供医疗服务，并激励其他人加入这一善举的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，他在一家便利店外停下来检查一个乞丐的狗。A. greet迎接；B. examine检查；C. feed喂养；D. train训练。根据下文“I noticed his dog had serious skin condition.”可知，索尔停下来检查一条狗的情况。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之前见过这条，但是忽略了它。A. ignored忽视；B. approached接近；C. contacted联系；D. persuaded说服。根据“Regrettably, I just walked by him”可知，索尔之前忽视了这条狗。故选A。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天，我打破了常规，因为我注意到他的狗有严重的皮肤问题。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据上文“Regrettably, I just walked by him”和下文“because I noticed his dog had serious skin condition.”可知，上下文为转折关系，用however连接。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天，我打破了常规，因为我注意到他的狗有严重的皮肤问题。A. appointment约会；B. routine日常；C. agreement同意；D. balance平衡。给根据上文“Regrettably, I just walked by him”和下文“He diagnosed and treated the dog’s condition,”可知，索尔打破自己的常规，停下来给狗狗诊断病情。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他诊断并治疗了狗的病情，这只动物被改变了。A. adopted收养，采纳；B. infected 感染；C. traced追踪；D. transformed改变。根据“treated the dog’s condition”可知，狗狗被治疗后，情况有了改变。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对索尔克来说，这个人的感激才是真正的警钟。A. tone口吻；B. forgiveness原谅；C. gratitude感激；D. comment评论。根据下文“Thank you for not ignoring me”可知，乞丐的感激对索尔来说是真正的警钟。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你没有忽视我”，这句话激发了他的下一个篇章。A. improved改进，提高；B. inspired启发；C. strengthened加强；D. displayed展示。根据下文“Soon after, Salk began to do more”和“provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it ”可知，乞丐的话激发了索尔的下一个篇章，即让他帮助更多的无家可归者的宠物。故选B。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久之后，索尔克开始做更多的事情，设立了小型临时诊所，为那些无力负担医疗费用的宠物提供医疗服务，并在街上寻找那些宠物需要帮助的无家可归者。A. setting up建立；B. setting off引发；C. setting aside 搁置；D. setting down记下。根据“small drop-in clinics”可知，此处指建立了一个小型临时诊所。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，索尔克开始做更多的事情，设立了小型临时诊所，为那些无力负担医疗费用的宠物提供医疗服务，并在街上寻找那些宠物需要帮助的无家可归者。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. homeless 无家可归的；D. elderly年老的。根据下文“how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets.”可知，是为无家可归者的宠物提供医疗服务。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他立刻被这些无家可归的主人对他们心爱的宠物的照顾程度所震惊。A. bothered打扰；B. amused使开心；C. alarmed使不安，使恐慌；D. struck袭击，引起（强烈情感）。根据“how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets.”可知，此处指无家可归者对自己宠物的照顾程度让索尔震惊。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还发现，许多宠物主人都想和别人分享他们的狗的故事。A. repeat重复；B. share分享；C. extend延长，伸出；D. connect联系。根据“stories about their dogs with others.”可知，此处指和他人分享自己狗狗狗的故事。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的允许下，索尔克的兄弟伊恩开始记录一些工作和个人故事，以提高人们对动物福利的认识。A. admission录取；B. ambition抱负；C. permission许可；D. invitation邀请。根据“He also found many pet owners wanted to 11 stories about their dogs with others.”可知，很多无家可归者想要分享自己宠物的故事，于是在得到他们的许可后，索尔的弟弟准备做一些事情。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的允许下，索尔克的兄弟伊恩开始记录一些工作和个人故事，以提高人们对动物福利的认识。A. documenting 记录；B. analyzing分析；C. assessing评估；D. revising修正。根据“the work and personal stories”可知，是记录一些工作和个人故事。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的哥哥鼓励他在网上传播这个消息，很快就有更多志同道合的志愿者加入进来。A. create创造；B. search搜寻；C. clarify澄清；D. spread传播。根据“the news online and soon more like-minded volunteers jumped on board.”可知，索尔鼓励弟弟在网上传播消息。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他开始，索尔克和他的团队已经为数千只动物提供了治疗。A. treatment治疗；B. friendship友谊；C. company陪伴；D. nutrition营养。根据上文“provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it”可知，是给数千只动物提供了治疗。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广西·期末） I stood at 165 cm, which is a bit shorter than the average man as a 28-year-old. One day, I found myself looking through a book store with 16 shelves. Stretching my toes, I could almost 17 the top shelf to grab and return the books. As I tried to get a book, a teenage girl, a few 18 taller than me but no older than fourteen, 19 my struggle. She quickly grabbed the book and 20 it in my hand. “Here you go!” she said with a smile.   “Thanks.” I replied, browsing (浏览) the 21 before attempting to put it back. But before I could even 22 my arm, she took it from my hand and returned it to the shelf. This became a(n) 23 . Every time I reached for a high-shelf item, she was there to help, taking my returns and replacing them with ease. She stopped browsing and 24 watched me with a smile, ready to lend a hand. As a man, I felt a bit 25 , but her kindness was evident. We 26 only a few words — her “Here!” and my “Thank you” — but her assistance was invaluable. I made my selections and, with a goodbye, 27 the checkout. I wondered if her recent sudden growth had made her appreciate her 28 or if she just enjoyed helping people. Whatever the 29 , it seemed that getting books off the shelves had 30 her day. Thank you, tall girl, for your unexpected help and kindness in the book store. 16．A．empty B．towering C．annoying D．solid 17．A．see B．find C．reach D．feel 18．A．feet B．miles C．inches D．meters 19．A．noticed B．admired C．applauded D．enjoyed 20．A．served B．threw C．showed D．placed 21．A．store B．book C．design D．shelf 22．A．lift B．cross C．balance D．expose 23．A．pattern B．outcome C．responsibility D．goal 24．A．slowly B．respectfully C．simply D．confusedly 25．A．glorious B．typical C．curious D．awkward 26．A．heard B．exchanged C．leaked D．operated 27．A．headed to B．came from C．got on D．lay in 28．A．value B．charm C．ability D．height 29．A．plan B．reason C．result D．error 30．A．stolen B．fed C．made D．cleaned 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在书店中因为身高不够而难以拿到高处书架上的书，一个比作者高几英寸但年龄不大的少女注意到了作者的困境，并主动帮助作者拿取和归还书籍的故事。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在一家有着高耸书架的书店里翻阅书籍。A. empty空的；B. towering高耸的；C. annoying烦人的；D. solid固体的、结实的。根据下文“Stretching my toes, I could almost  ___2___  the top shelf to grab and return the books.”可知，书架很高，所以作者需要踮脚够书。故选B。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我踮起脚尖，几乎能够到书架的顶层去取书和还书。A. see看见；B. find发现；C. reach到达、伸手触及；D. feel感觉。根据上文“I stood at 165 cm, which is a bit shorter than the average man as a 28-year-old.”可知，作者的身高不是很高，而这个书店的书架很高。由此可知，作者需要踮起脚尖才能够到书架的顶层去取书和还书。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我试图拿起一本书时，一个比我高几英寸但不超过14岁的十几岁女孩注意到了我费力的样子。A. feet英尺；B. miles英里；C. inches英寸；D. meters米。根据空后“taller than me”以及常理可知，一个十几岁的女孩比作者高一些，“inches”表示“英寸”，符合描述身高差距的语境。故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：：当我试图拿起一本书时，一个比我高几英寸但不超过14岁的十几岁女孩注意到了我费力的样子。A. noticed注意到；B. admired钦佩；C. applauded鼓掌；D. enjoyed享受。根据空后“my struggle”以及下文“She quickly grabbed the book and  ___5___  it in my hand.”可知，这个女孩注意到了作者费力的样子。故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她迅速地拿起那本书，放到了我的手中。A. served服务、端上食物；B. threw扔；C. showed展示；D. placed放置。根据下文““Here you go!” she said with a smile.”可知，女孩将书取下后，放到了作者手中。故选D。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢。”我回答道，在试图把书放回去之前，我先浏览了一下这本书。A. store商店；B. book书；C. design设计；D. shelf架子。根据空后“before attempting to put it back”可知，作者浏览了一下书，打算将书放回去。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我甚至还没来得及抬起手臂，她就从我手中把书拿走，放回了书架上。A. lift举起；B. cross穿过；C. balance平衡；D. expose暴露。根据下文“she took it from my hand and returned it to the shelf.”可知，在作者抬起胳膊把书放回去之前，女孩就从他手里把书拿走放回去了。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的情形成了一种模式。A. pattern模式、图案；B. outcome结果；C. responsibility责任；D. goal目标。根据下文“Every time I reached for a high-shelf item, she was there to help, taking my returns and replacing them with ease.”可知，每次作者够高处的东西时，女孩都会来帮忙，这成了一种模式。故选A。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她不再翻看自己的书，只是微笑着看着我，随时准备伸出援手。A. slowly缓慢地；B. respectfully尊敬地；C. simply仅仅、简单地；D. confusedly困惑地。根据上文“She stopped browsing”以及下文“watched me with a smile, ready to lend a hand.”可知，女孩不再看书，只是看着作者准备帮作者取书还书。故选C。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个男人，我感到有点尴尬，但她的善意是显而易见的。A. glorious光荣的；B. typical典型的；C. curious好奇的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文内容可知，作者由于个子不太高，取最上面书架里的书的时候会有点费力。而一个身高比作者高的女孩主动伸出援手。根据常理可知，作为一个男人，总是被一个小女孩帮忙，作者感到有点尴尬。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只交流了几句话——她的“给你！”和我的“谢谢你！”——但她的帮助是非常宝贵的。A. heard听到；B. exchanged交换，交流；C. leaked泄露；D. operated操作、手术。根据下文可知，作者和女孩只交流了很少的话。故选B。 27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我选好了书，道了声再见，便朝收银台走去。A. headed to前往；B. came from来自；C. got on上车、进展；D. lay in位于、在于。根据上文“I made my selections”可知，作者选好了书；再根据空后的“the checkout”以及常理可知，选好了书的作者朝收银台走去，打算结账离开。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心想，是不是她最近突然长高了，让她意识到了自己身高的优势，还是说她只是喜欢帮助别人。A. value价值；B. charm魅力；C. ability能力；D. height高度。根据上文“I wondered if her recent sudden growth”可知，作者想知道是不是女孩最近突然长高让她意识到自己的身高优势，从而乐于帮忙。故选D。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管是什么原因，似乎帮我从书架上取书这件事让她很开心。A. plan计划；B. reason原因；C. result结果；D. error错误。根据上文可知，作者内心在揣摩女孩帮忙的原因。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管是什么原因，似乎帮我从书架上取书这件事让她很开心。A. stolen偷；B. fed喂养；C. made制作；D. cleaned清洁。根据上“watched me with a smile, ready to lend a hand.”容可知，帮助作者从书架上拿书似乎让她很开心。考查短语：make one’s day，意为“让某人开心”，符合句意。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·浙江嘉兴·期末） Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far. At first, he 31 sought to help his neighbors stay physically active by offering to 32 their bikes for free. All he asked was the cost of new parts. Later, he started thinking about the unused bikes people had at home and 33 neighbors to donate those collecting 34 in their basements. Silver Spring, a Washington, D．C． , suburb of about 80, 000, is a 35 community bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees (难民) 36 to make this place home. Vera tunes (调整) up the donated bikes and 37 them to parks, food banks, and apartment complexes. He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over. Then he 38 people with the perfect new ride and watches them ride away happy. His initial 39 saw six bikes go in under 30 minutes. In addition to the adults and kids he 40 at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits. The groups 41 information including the height, gender and age of a 42 , and Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door. He’s happy to make the 43 . Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude, and they keep him busy with a 44 supply of bikes, helmets and locks. So far, more than 700 Silver Springers have new wheels to take them anywhere their feet can 45 , thanks to the big-hearted Bike Dude. 31．A．simply B．naturally C．immediately D．certainly 32．A．wash B．mend C．keep D．recycle 33．A．agreed with B．arranged for C．depended on D．appealed to 34．A．dust B．attention C．energy D．information 35．A．secure B．lively C．diverse D．friendly 36．A．careful B．eager C．ambitious D．proud 37．A．sells B．lends C．donates D．transports 38．A．pairs B．connects C．mixes D．compares 39．A．repair B．sale C．giveaway D．experiment 40．A．invites B．encounters C．hires D．comforts 41．A．confirm B．spread C．provide D．process 42．A．donor B．professional C．volunteer D．rider 43．A．trip B．decision C．choice D．fortune 44．A．flexible B．steady C．limited D．fixed 45．A．kick B．walk C．pedal D．move 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是退休的Manuel Vera把人们不用的自行车修好后免费送给需要的人们的故事。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A. simply仅仅，只；B. naturally自然地；C. immediately立即；D. certainly当然。根据上一句“Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far.(Manuel Vera是Silver Spring的一名退休人员，他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。)”和下文的“sought to help his neighbors stay physically active”可知，起初，Manuel Vera只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，所以他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A. wash清洗；B. mend修理；C. keep保持；D. recycle回收。根据下文的“All he asked was the cost of new parts.(他只收取新零件的费用)”可知，他是为邻居修理自行车。故选B项。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室收集灰尘的自行车。A. agree with同意；B. arrange for安排；C. depended on取决于；D. appealed to上诉；呼吁。根据下文的donate可知，此处指的是呼吁人们捐赠闲置的自行车。故选D项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室积满灰尘自行车。A. dust灰尘；B. attention注意力；C. energy能量；D. information信息。根据上文的“unused bikes”和下文的“in their basement”可知，在地下室闲置的自行车肯定会积满灰尘。故选A项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Silver Spring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A. secure安全的；B. lively活泼的；C. diverse多样化的；不同的；D. friendly友好的。根据下文的“bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees”可知，Silver Spring聚集了许多层次和行业的人，是一个多元化的社区。故选C项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Silver Spring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A. careful谨慎的；B. eager渴望的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文的“immigrants and refugees”可知，移民和难民肯定是渴望有地方安家，安顿下来。故选B项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉调整捐赠的自行车，并将它们运送到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼。A. sells出售；B. lends借出；C. donates捐赠；D. transports运输；运送。根据空格后的“parks, food banks, and apartment complexes”和下一句“He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over.”可知，他是把修好的自行车运到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼，等人们经过时送给需要的人，而不是出售或借出给这些地方。故选D项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把人们和完美的新骑乘配对，看着他们快乐地骑走。A. pairs把……配对；B. connects连接；C. mixes混合；D. compares比较。根据下文的“watches them ride away happy”可知，他把自行车送给了新主人，所以，用pair符合语境。故选A项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他初次赠送是在30分钟内送出6辆自行车。A. repair维修；B. sale销售；C. giveaway赠送；赠品；D. experiment实验。根据上文的“He camps out with his Free Bikes sign”和下文的“six bikes go in under 30 minutes”可知，此处指的是他免费赠送自行车。故选C项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了他在免费自行车活动中遇到的成年人和孩子，客户还来自当地的安置机构和其他非营利组织。A. invites邀请；B. encounters遇到；邂逅；C. hires雇用；D. comforts安慰。根据下文的“at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits”可知，此处指的是他送自行车时遇到的人。故选B项。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A. confirm确认；B. spread传播；C. provide提供；D. process处理，加工。根据下文“information including the height, gender and age”和“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，Vera肯定是根据提供的信息搭配合适的自行车。故选C项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A. donor捐献者；B. professional专业人员；C. volunteer志愿者；D. rider骑车人；骑手。根据下文的“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，Vera送的是自行车，所以，他需要的肯定是骑车人的信息。故选D项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为送车之行感到高兴。A. trip出行；旅行；B. decision决定；C. choice选择；D. fortune时运，命运。根据上文的“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，此处指的是Vera的送车之行。故选A项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，邻居们都称他为“自行车哥”，他们给他源源不断地供应自行车、头盔和锁，让他忙个不停。A. flexible灵活的；B. steady稳定的；C. limited有限的；D. fixed固定的。根据上文的“they keep him busy”可知，有稳定的自行车、头盔和锁供应，Vera才能忙个不停。故选B项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，超过700名Silver Spring人都有了新的自行车，可以让他们的骑到到任何地方，这多亏了这位热心的“自行车哥”。A. kick踢；B. walk走；C. pedal骑自行车前进；踩（自行车等的）踏板；D. move移动。根据空格前的“their feet”可知，此处指的是脚踩踏板骑车。故选C项。 主题03 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末） When Adam invited me to a camping trip to the mountains, I pictured a lovely house with comfortable beds. Therefore, I 1 to pack light with some food and clothes, imagine how 2 I was when Adam and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with supplies — tents, sleeping bags and water bottles! Red by Leo, we 3 the destination. “Watch out for the looks rocks!” Leo 4 from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to relieve the pain of my 5 . Looking up at the sky, Leo said, “A storm is developing. We need to 6 the tents.” He and Adam worked smoothly and 7 , while I stood around and pretended to help. 8 , we set up the camp before the storm struck. Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the 9 and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunders 10 . “The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can’t get 11 , what’s the fun in camping?” He said with a 12 . Soon the storm was gone, 13 us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles at the night sky. I won’t 14 — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n) 15 I would never forget. 1．A．decided B．refused C．promised D．forgot 2．A．disappointed B．delighted C．annoyed D．shocked 3．A．searched B．reached C．approached D．changed 4．A．explained B．warned C．joked D．admitted 5．A．legs B．arms C．eyes D．shoulders 6．A．give away B．put up C．hand in D．take out 7．A．painfully B．unwillingly C．skillfully D．creatively 8．A．Calmly B．Amazingly C．Unexpectedly D．Effortlessly 9．A．snack B．bag C．tent D．drink 10．A．shifted B．continued C．increased D．disappeared 11．A．angry B．sleepy C．dirty D．hungry 12．A．how B．nod C．cough D．smile 13．A．allowing B．forcing C．ordering D．begging 14．A．cry B．lie C．scream D．complain 15．A．failure B．conflict C．adventure D．performance 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者参加Adam的露营之旅，原本以为只是轻松的露营，却发现要搭帐篷等野外生存活动，让作者感到震惊。在Leo的分享和帮助下，作者逐渐克服了恐惧，享受了露营的乐趣，尤其是雨后的星空给作者留下了深刻印象。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定只带一些食物和衣服轻装上阵，想象一下当Adam和他哥哥Leo开着一辆卡车满载着帐篷、睡袋和水瓶等物资到来时，我是多么震惊！A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝；C. promised承诺；D. forgot忘记。根据后文“to pack light with some food and clothes”及“imagine how ___2___ I was”可知，作者原本以为只是简单的露营，所以决定只带一些基本的生活用品，却没想到Adam和他哥哥带了那么多东西，故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappointed失望的；B. delighted高兴的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“when Adam and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with supplies”可知，作者看到Adam和他哥哥开来一辆卡车，里面装满了露营物资，与作者原本以为的简单露营大相径庭，所以作者很震惊，故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Leo的带领下，我们接近了目的地。A. searched搜索；B. reached到达；C. approached接近；D. changed改变。根据后文“Finally, we got to the mountain top.”可知，作者他们最后到达了山顶，所以此处表示在Leo的带领下，他们接近了目的地，故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“小心落石！”Leo不时地警告道。A. explained解释；B. warned警告；C. joked开玩笑；D. admitted承认。根据后文“‘Watch out for the looks rocks!’”及常识可知，爬山时落石是很危险的，所以Leo不时地警告作者他们要小心落石，故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放下背包以缓解肩膀的疼痛。A. legs腿；B. arms胳膊；C. eyes眼睛；D. shoulders肩膀。根据常识及后文“I dropped my backpack”可知，作者背着背包爬山，所以会感到肩膀疼痛，故选D项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们需要搭起帐篷。A. give away赠送；B. put up搭建；C. hand in上交；D. take out取出。根据后文“the tents”及常识可知，露营时需要搭建帐篷，故选B项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他和Adam配合得很顺畅且熟练，而我则站在一旁假装帮忙。A. painfully痛苦地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. skillfully熟练地；D. creatively有创造性地。根据前文“He and Adam worked smoothly”及后文“while I stood around and pretended to help”可知，Adam和Leo搭帐篷很顺畅，且由“pretended to help”可推断，作者并不会搭帐篷，所以此处表示Adam和Leo搭帐篷很熟练，与作者形成对比，故选C项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们在暴风雨来临之前搭好了帐篷。A. Calmly冷静地；B. Amazingly令人惊讶地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Effortlessly不费力地。根据前文“while I stood around and pretended to help”及后文“we set up the camp before the storm struck”可知，作者原本以为他们不能在暴风雨来临前搭好帐篷，却没想到Adam和Leo动作很快，在暴风雨来临之前就搭好了帐篷，所以作者感到惊讶，故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了零食和故事，我对雷电的恐惧消失了。A. snack零食；B. bag包；C. tent帐篷；D. drink饮料。根据前文“Leo began to share with us some cookies”可知，Leo开始和作者他们分享饼干，即零食，故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shifted转移；B. continued继续；C. increased增加；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“my fear of the lightning and thunders”可知，作者在Leo的分享下，对露营不再感到那么害怕，所以对雷电的恐惧消失了，故选D项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“露营地可能会有点泥泞，但如果你不能把自己弄脏，露营还有什么乐趣呢？”他笑着说。A. angry生气的；B. sleepy困倦的；C. dirty脏的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据前文“The campsite might get a bit muddy”可知，露营地可能会有点泥泞，所以此处表示把自己弄脏，故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. how如何；B. nod点头；C. cough咳嗽；D. smile微笑。根据前文“‘what’s the fun in camping? ’He said”可知，此处表示Leo是笑着说这句话的，故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快暴风雨就过去了，允许我们走出帐篷。A. allowing允许；B. forcing强迫；C. ordering命令；D. begging乞求。根据前文“Soon the storm was gone”可知，暴风雨很快就过去了，所以此处表示允许作者他们走出帐篷，故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会说谎——我迫切想要洗个热水澡，睡在柔软的床上，但当我抬头仰望银河时，我知道这是一次我永远不会忘记的冒险。A. cry哭泣；B. lie说谎；C. scream尖叫；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed”可知，作者迫切想要洗个热水澡，睡在柔软的床上，但后文又说这次露营是作者永远不会忘记的冒险，所以此处表示作者不会说谎，即作者虽然想要洗个热水澡，睡在柔软的床上，但这次露营确实很特别，令作者难忘，故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. failure失败；B. conflict冲突；C. adventure冒险；D. performance表演。根据前文讲述的作者他们露营的经历，及后文“I would never forget”可知，这次露营对于作者来说是一次冒险，且令作者难忘，故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江苏·期末）“When I was 8, a doctor predicted that I wouldn’t live past 20. But now I’m here, at 29, happy with my life,” says Ma Jun, the youngest laureate of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose 16 Ma, who uses a wheelchair, was born in 1995 in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region. His 17 piece is his debut prose collection, Qing Bai Shijie. The opening chapter delves into Ma’s childhood memories. While his peers ran and played, Ma could only sit on the stone steps, watching in 18 and sadness. His limbs were weak, and he couldn’t move or stand without help from birth, which 19   him from other children. This 20 memory has stayed with him, and it became the title of his first 21 published prose piece and the entire book. Ma’s writing journey began in 2016, the year he passed his college entrance exams but 22 not to enroll in university due to his family’s financial circumstances and his health conditions. Although his decision was 23 love and sacrifice, it plunged Ma into despair. The turning point came 24 a friend gave him a book, Shi Tiesheng’s best-seller Wo Yu Ditan. Shi, a renowned writer who also uses a wheelchair, had 25 his struggles into profound literature. At first, Ma had no interest in the book — he had lost 26 for everything. But one word caught his eye: “wheelchair”. As he read, Ma felt a spark of light illuminating his world. He could gather the courage to do something, like writing, instead of staying in bed letting life pass him by.   He embarked on a three-year odyssey of writing the book by 27 his own life, pouring his heart and soul into the words. In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news: His book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his 28 journey. Ma writes this line in the profile for his personal social media account as his motto: “Be a(n) 29 writer.” Writing is not just a profession for Ma — it’s a lifeline, a way to 30 the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope. 16．A．branch B．category C．division D．version 17．A．featured B．originated C．winning D．striking 18．A．anxiety B．curiosity C．faith D．frustration 19．A．isolated B．distinguished C．excused D．protected 20．A．rigid B．vivid C．peaceful D．distant 21．A．consequently B．critically C．officially D．fundamentally 22．A．failed B．chose C．struggled D．regretted 23．A．rooted in B．related to C．committed to D．equipped with 24．A．until B．since C．before D．when 25．A．conveyed B．transformed C．summarized D．motivated 26．A．capacity B．dignity C．passion D．determination 27．A．witnessing B．tackling C．justifying D．recording 28．A．literary B．academic C．recovery D．adventurous 29．A．elegant B．professional C．faithful D．comprehensive 30．A．appeal to B．keep to C．wrestle with D．connect with 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了马骏，一位坐在轮椅上的作家，如何在逆境中通过写作找到生活的意义和勇气，并最终获得文学奖项的故事。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在我在这里，29岁，对我的生活很满意，马骏说，他是今年“骏马民族文学奖”散文类最年轻的获奖者。A. branch分支；B. category类别；C. division部门；D. version版本。根据下文“prose collection”可知，此处指文学奖项的类别。故选B。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的获奖作品是他的散文集《青白石阶》。A. featured特色的；B. originated起源的；C. winning获奖的；D. striking引人注目的。根据上文“the youngest laureate”可知，他的获奖作品是他的散文集《清白世界》。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的同伴们奔跑玩耍时，马骏只能坐在石阶上，充满沮丧和悲伤地看着他们。A. anxiety焦虑；B. curiosity好奇；C. faith信念；D. frustration沮丧。根据下文“ sadness”可知，此处指充满沮丧和悲伤地看着他们。故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他出生时四肢无力，无法独立移动或站立，这使他与其他孩子隔绝。A. isolated孤立；B. distinguished区分；C. excused原谅；D. protected保护。根据上文“he couldn’t move or stand without help from birth”可知，无法独立移动或站立，这使他与其他孩子隔绝。故选A。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段留下深刻印象的的记忆一直伴随着他，并成为他正式发表的第一篇散文和整本书的标题。A. rigid僵硬的；B. vivid生动的，留下深刻印象的；C. peaceful平静的；D. distant遥远的。根据上文“His limbs were weak, and he couldn’t move or stand without help from birth, which ____4____  him from other children.”可知，这段留下深刻印象的的记忆一直伴随着他。故选B。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这段留下深刻印象的的记忆一直伴随着他，并成为他正式发表的第一篇散文和整本书的标题。A. consequently因此；B. critically批判地；C. officially正式地；D. fundamentally根本上。根据下文“ published prose piece and the entire book”可知，成为他正式发表的第一篇散文和整本书的标题。故选C。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，他通过了高考，但由于家庭经济状况和健康问题，他选择不进入大学。A. failed失败；B. chose选择；C. struggled挣扎；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“due to his family’s financial circumstances and his health conditions”可知，很多原因使得他选择了放弃读大学的机会。故选B。 23．考查短语词义辨析。句意：虽然他的决定源于爱和牺牲，但这让马骏陷入了绝望。A. rooted in源于；B. related to与……相关；C. committed to致力于；D. equipped with配备。根据下文“love and sacrifice”可知，马骏的决定源于爱和牺牲。故选A。 24．考查连词词义辨析。句意：一个朋友给了他一本书，史铁生的畅销书《我与地坛》，这是他人生的转折点。A. until直到；B. since自从；C. before在……之前；D. when当……时。根据句意可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：史铁生是一位著名作家，他也使用轮椅，并将自己的挣扎转化为深刻的文学作品。A. conveyed传达；B. transformed转化；C. summarized总结；D. motivated激励。根据下文“his struggles into profound literature”可知，他并将自己的挣扎转化为深刻的文学作品。故选B。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，马骏对这本书毫无兴趣——他对一切都失去了热情。A. capacity能力；B. dignity尊严；C. passion热情；D. determination决心。根据上文“Ma had no interest in the book”可知，他对一切都失去了热情。故选C。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始了为期三年的写作之旅，记录自己的生活，将全部心血倾注在文字中。A. witnessing见证；B. tackling处理；C. justifying证明；D. recording记录。根据下文“his own life, pouring his heart and soul into the words.”可知，他记录了自己的生活。故选D 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一成就标志着他文学旅程中的一个重要里程碑。A. literary文学的；B. academic学术的；C. recovery恢复；D. adventurous冒险的。根据上文“He embarked on a three-year odyssey of writing the book”可，这一成就标志着他文学旅程中的一个重要里程碑。故选A。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马骏在个人社交媒体简介中写道：“做一个忠诚的作家。”A. elegant优雅的；B. professional专业的；C. faithful忠诚的；D. comprehensive全面的。根据上文“by 　12　 his own life”以及下文“it’s a lifeline”可知，马骏在个人社交媒体简介中写道：做一个忠诚的作家。故选C。 30．考查短语词义辨析。句意：写作对马骏来说不仅仅是一种职业，而是一种与世界联系并留下勇气、真诚和希望遗产的方式。A. appeal to吸引；B. keep to坚持；C. wrestle with与……斗争；D. connect with与……联系。根据下文“the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope.”可知，写作是一种与世界联系并留下勇气、真诚和希望遗产的方式。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期末） In late March, my family were driving home from a wedding through the mountains to our rural hometown. I fell asleep in the passenger seat, and my next 31 was being in a rehabilitation center (康复中心) ten days later with a broken leg and a brain injury. My husband and daughter were treated and then 32 for minor injuries. I was 33 to home and a wheelchair for two months. Without the 34 of our church family and community, I would have spent much longer in the rehabilitation center. 35 , they took over sitting with me during the day, providing meals and praying for my 36 . With their proper care, I am back at work part-time, much earlier than the doctors 37 . For me, the biggest challenge was having to 38 others to take care of daily tasks, such as grocery shopping and meal preparation. This unexpected accident 39 our lives, yet we all emerged stronger. My son learned to be responsible for getting his schoolwork 40 by himself. My daughter learned the 41 of a church family, and that she could keep going and finish her college semester far away from home. The accident was an unwelcome 42 in my life, but it taught me to live. Through this experience, I’ve learned the power of resilience and 43 thinking. It has had a spreading impact in my life because it 44 my faith in humanity as a whole. And that even though God provides challenges, we become stronger in 45 them. 31．A．wish B．mission C．request D．memory 32．A．released B．disciplined C．appreciated D．prayed 33．A．rushed B．invited C．restricted D．glued 34．A．passion B．generosity C．sympathy D．support 35．A．Basically B．Permanently C．Fortunately D．Ultimately 36．A．collapse B．output C．recovery D．safety 37．A．predicted B．acknowledged C．appointed D．planned 38．A．weigh on B．count on C．refer to D．approve of 39．A．changed B．abandoned C．betrayed D．threatened 40．A．scanned B．wrapped C．accomplished D．drafted 41．A．tradition B．value C．resolution D．origin 42．A．danger B．visitor C．chance D．problem 43．A．constructive B．innovative C．exceptional D．positive 44．A．strengthened B．sustained C．recognized D．dismissed 45．A．exposing B．meeting C．ignoring D．assessing 【答案】31．D 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在回乡途中遭遇车祸，作者受伤严重，在教会和家庭的支持下逐渐康复，并意识到这次意外让他们学会了坚韧和积极面对困难，对生活有了更深刻的理解和感悟。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在乘客座位上睡着了，接下来的记忆就是十天后我躺在康复中心，一条腿摔断了，脑部也受了伤。A. wish愿望；B. mission使命；C. request请求；D. memory记忆。根据后文“being in a rehabilitation center (康复中心) ten days later with a broken leg and a brain injury”可知，这是作者在十天后的记忆，说明作者出车祸后失忆了，十天后才恢复记忆。故选D项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫和女儿只是受了轻伤，经治疗后便出院了。A. released释放（出院）；B. disciplined惩罚；C. appreciated感激；D. prayed祈祷。根据后文“for minor injuries”可知，作者的丈夫和女儿只是受了点轻伤，所以应该很快就出院了。故选A项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我两个月不能出门，只能待在家里，坐在轮椅上。A. rushed冲；B. invited邀请；C. restricted限制；D. glued粘住。根据后文“to home and a wheelchair for two months”可知，作者因为受伤，两个月不能出门，只能待在家里，坐在轮椅上，即作者的活动被限制了。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：要不是我们教会大家庭和社区的支持，我可能会在康复中心待更长的时间。A. passion激情；B. generosity慷慨；C. sympathy同情；D. support支持。根据后文“they took over sitting with me during the day, providing meals and praying for my  ____6____ .”可知，教会大家庭和社区白天陪着作者，给作者提供饭菜，还为作者康复而祈祷，因此教会大家庭和社区给了作者支持。故选D项。 35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们白天陪着我，给我提供饭菜，还为我康复而祈祷。A. Basically基本上；B. Permanently永久地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Ultimately最终。根据后文“they took over sitting with me during the day, providing meals and praying for my ____6____”可知，在作者受伤期间，有很多人陪伴和照顾作者，这对于作者来说是幸运的。故选C项。 36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们白天陪着我，给我提供饭菜，还为我康复而祈祷。A. collapse倒塌；B. output输出；C. recovery康复；D. safety安全。根据前文“I was ____3____ to home and a wheelchair for two months”可知，作者受伤了，且根据后文“I am back at work part-time”可知，作者现在已经可以回去工作了，说明作者已经康复了。且pray for意为“为……祈祷”，是为健康而祈祷。故选C项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的精心照料下，我很早就回去兼职工作了，比医生预料的时间要早得多。A. predicted预测；B. acknowledged承认；C. appointed任命；D. planned计划。根据前文“much earlier than”可知，作者回去工作的时间比某人的预测要早，且根据常识可知，应该是医生根据作者的伤势预测的康复时间。故选A项。 38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说，最大的挑战是不得不依靠别人来照顾我的日常任务，比如买杂货和做饭。A. weigh on使某人沮丧；B. count on依靠；C. refer to指的是；D. approve of赞成。根据后文“others to take care of daily tasks”可知，作者因为受伤，不得不依靠别人来照顾日常。故选B项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场突如其来的事故改变了我们的生活，但我们所有人都变得更坚强了。A. changed改变；B. abandoned抛弃；C. betrayed背叛；D. threatened威胁。根据后文“yet we all emerged stronger”可知，作者一家经历了这场车祸后，变得更坚强了，说明这场车祸改变了他们。故选A项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子学会了独立完成作业。A. scanned扫描；B. wrapped包裹；C. accomplished完成；D. drafted起草。根据前文“My son learned to be responsible for”可知，作者的儿子学会了负责，即学会了独立完成作业。故选C项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿了解了教会大家庭的价值，而且她可以在离家很远的地方坚持下去，并完成大学学期。A. tradition传统；B. value价值；C. resolution决心；D. origin起源。根据后文“of a church family”可知，作者的女儿了解了教会大家庭的某种特质，且根据常识可知，教会大家庭通常强调的是团结、互助等价值。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场事故是我生活中不速之客，但它教会了我生活。A. danger危险；B. visitor访客；C. chance机会；D. problem问题。根据前文“This unexpected accident”可知，这场车祸是意想不到的，对于作者来说就像是一个不速之客。且后文“but it taught me to live”中的but表示转折，说明虽然车祸是不好的事情，但它也带来了好处，即教会了作者生活。visitor在此处意为“不速之客”，符合语境。故选B项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这次经历，我学到了坚韧的力量和积极的思考。A. constructive建设性的；B. innovative创新的；C. exceptional异常的，杰出的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“It has had a spreading impact in my life because it ____14____ my faith in humanity as a whole”可知，这次经历给作者的生活带来了积极的影响，增强了作者对人类的整体信念，说明作者学会了积极思考。故选D项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它对我的生活产生了深远的影响，因为它增强了我对人类整体的信念。A. strengthened加强；B. sustained维持；C. recognized认可；D. dismissed解雇。根据后文“my faith in humanity as a whole”可知，作者对人类整体的信念应该是增强了。故选A项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，尽管上帝给了我们挑战，但我们在应对这些挑战时会变得更强大。A. exposing暴露；B. meeting遇到，应对；C. ignoring忽视；D. assessing评估。根据前文“even though God provides challenges”可知，尽管上帝给了我们挑战，但我们在应对这些挑战时会变得更强大。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——文化传承与社会服务 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江衢州·期末） Rick Thomas, a dedicated trucker from Akron, was on his usual route for ABF Freight when he noticed a female 1 on Seasons Road in Peninsula, Ohio. Her SUV was disabled with a blown tire, blocking a busy intersection and she stood by 2 . Without hesitation, Rick 3 his truck and approached the distressed woman. “I hopped out and asked her if her car carried a 4 tire,” Rick recounted to Truckers News. And she said yes. Then he wasted no time in rolling up his sleeves and getting to work. As he worked, he 5 the woman was safely off the road. He not only fixed the flat but also 6 a potential traffic accident. The sun was high, casting a warm glow on the scene as Rick efficiently 7 the tire. His hands moved with the 8 of a man who’s been on the road for many years. He kept up a steady stream of comforting 9 to calm the woman’s nerves. For his act, Rick was 10 by the Truckload Carriers Association (TCA) as a “TCA Highway Angel”. This prestigious honor, awarded since 1997, celebrates truck drivers who 11 exceptional kindness in their everyday work. When praised, “It’s just my 12 .” Rick said modestly. “I’m a truck driver, and that’s what we do.” Rick’s actions showed 13 could be found in the most unexpected places. As he 14 his journey, he left behind a 15 motorist and a story that would remind us of the kindness found along the open road. 1．A．motorist B．hiker C．passenger D．cyclist 2．A．silently B．patiently C．helplessly D．tirelessly 3．A．jumped into B．pulled over C．turned to D．sped up 4．A．spare B．flat C．rubber D．smooth 5．A．promised B．ensured C．agreed D．imagined 6．A．survived B．witnessed C．caused D．prevented 7．A．tended B．exchanged C．changed D．observed 8．A．presence B．help C．thought D．confidence 9．A．interview B．conversation C．lecture D．argument 10．A．declared B．defined C．admitted D．recognized 11．A．explain B．inspire C．display D．stress 12．A．nature B．right C．practice D．chance 13．A．champions B．heroes C．drivers D．passers-by 14．A．recalled B．continued C．expected D．documented 15．A．determined B．brave C．grateful D．kind 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡车司机Rick Thomas帮助被困女司机的事迹。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Rick Thomas，这位来自Akron的敬业卡车司机，在ABF Freight的常规路线上行驶时，他注意到在Ohio的Peninsula的Seasons Road有一位女性司机。A. motorist驾驶汽车的人；B. hiker徒步旅行者；C. passenger乘客；D. cyclist骑自行车的人。根据后文的“Her SUV was disabled with a blown tire”和“he left behind a 15　 motorist”可知，她开的是SUV，因此她是驾驶汽车的人，修好车后，他留下一位感激的司机，所以此处指司机。故选A。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的SUV爆胎了，堵在了一个繁忙的十字路口，她无助地站在那里。A. silently沉默地；B. patiently耐心地；C. helplessly无助地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据前文的“Her SUV was disabled with a blown tire, blocking a busy intersection”和后文“approached the distressed woman”可知，她的SUV爆胎了，堵在了一个繁忙的十字路口，所以她此时应该是无助的。故选C。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Rick毫不犹豫地把车停到路边，走向那位陷入困境的女士。A. jumped into跳进；B. pulled over把车停到路边；C. turned to转向；D. sped up加速。根据后文的“approached the distressed woman”可知，Rick是走向那位女士，因此他应该是把车停到路边。故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我跳下车，问她车里是否有备胎。”Rick向《Truckers News》回忆道。A. spare备用的；B. flat瘪的；C. rubber橡胶的；D. smooth光滑的。根据前文“Her SUV was disabled with a blown tire”和后文“He not only fixed the flat”可知，她的SUV爆胎了，他修好了瘪胎，因此这里应该是问她是否有备胎。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他工作时，他确保那位女士安全地离开了道路。A. promised承诺；B. ensured确保；C. agreed同意；D. imagined想象。根据后文的“the woman was safely off the road”可知，他确保了那位女士安全地离开了道路。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅修好了瘪胎，而且还防止了一起潜在的交通事故。A. survived幸存；B. witnessed目击；C. caused导致；D. prevented阻止。根据前文的“blocking a busy intersection”、“the woman was safely off the road”和后文“a potential traffic accident”可知，她的SUV堵在了一个繁忙的十字路口，因此Rick修好轮胎不仅帮助了她，而且还防止了一起潜在的交通事故。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：太阳高悬，温暖的阳光洒在Rick熟练地换轮胎的场景上。A. tended照料；B. exchanged交换；C. changed更换；D. observed观察。根据前文的“He not only fixed the flat”可知，他修好了瘪胎，因此这里应该是“换轮胎”。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的双手移动着，就像一个多年在路上的老司机一样从容不迫。A. presence存在；B. help帮助；C. thought想法；D. confidence自信。根据后文的“a man who’s been on the road for many years”可知，他就像一个多年在路上的老司机一样从容不迫，因此这里应该是表示他的双手移动着，充满了自信。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不断地用安慰的对话来安抚女士的紧张情绪。A. interview面试；B. conversation对话；C. lecture讲座；D. argument争论。根据后文的“to calm the woman’s nerves”可知，他不断地用话语来安抚女士的紧张情绪，因此这里应该是表示“对话”。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他的行为，Rick被Truckload Carriers Association（TCA）认定为“TCA公路天使”。A. declared宣布；B. defined定义；C. admitted承认；D. recognized认可，认定。根据前文的“For his act”和后文的“as a “TCA Highway Angel””可知，Rick因为他善良的行为而被认定为“TCA公路天使”，因此这里应该是表示“认可，认定”。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一殊荣自1997年起颁发，旨在表彰在日常工作中展现出非凡善意的卡车司机。A. explain解释；B. inspire激励；C. display展示，展现；D. stress强调。根据后文的“exceptional kindness in their everyday work”可知，这一殊荣旨在表彰在日常工作中展现出非凡善意的卡车司机，因此这里应该是表示“展示，展现”。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被赞扬时，Rick谦虚地说：“这只是我的本性。”A. nature本性；B. right权利；C. practice实践；D. chance机会。根据前文的“It’s just my”以及后文的“I’m a truck driver, and that’s what we do.”可知，Rick认为他的行为只是他的本性，是他作为卡车司机应该做的。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rick的行为表明，英雄可以在最意想不到的地方被发现。A. champions冠军；B. heroes英雄；C. drivers司机；D. passers-by过路人。根据前文的“Rick was 10 by the Truckload Carriers Association（TCA）as a “TCA Highway Angel””可知，Rick被认定为“TCA公路天使”，他的行为提醒我们，善良可以在路上被发现，因此这里应该是表示他这种“英雄”以在最意想不到的地方被发现。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他继续他的旅程时，他留下了一位感激的司机和一个将提醒我们在开放道路上发现善良的故事。A. recalled回忆；B. continued继续；C. expected期望；D. documented记录。根据后文的“his journey”可知，他继续他的旅程，因此这里应该是表示“继续”。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他继续他的旅程时，他留下了一位感激的司机和一个将提醒我们在开放道路上发现善良的故事。A. determined坚定的；B. brave勇敢的；C. grateful感激的；D. kind善良的。根据前文的“approached the distressed woman”以及后文的“and a story that would remind us of the kindness found along the open road”可知，Rick帮助了那位陷入困境的女士，因此她应该是感激的。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期末） What started as a normal day of biking along the Clinton River turned into a rescue mission for Rochester Police officer Keith Harper. He jumped into 16 when he came across three kayakers (皮划艇运动员) who needed help. “They were up against this tree. The pressure of the water had 17 them up into this root that was coming out,” recalled Harper. Harper told the reporter, “I could just hear adult males 18 and I wasn’t sure at first if it was just people 19 around or somebody that was in trouble, so I 20 and asked if they were okay and came down here and found all three of them in the water. 21 , I were able to safely get them out of the water,” The kayakers had some cuts but no major 22 . A day after the 23 , Harper posted anonymously (匿名地) about what had happened on the Rochester Police Facebook page. He says he didn’t want people to 24 what he did but rather to spread awareness about water 25 . Harper shared some helpful 26 you should know before going out on the river. He says people should know the level of the water and the 27 of it. The Clinton River has a lot of turns, and there are some trees that 28 out some roots. Also, don’t 29 your life jacket while you’re out on the water. He says he’s just 30 he was there to help. 16．A．conclusion B．business C．action D．competition 17．A．mixed B．pushed C．woke D．picked 18．A．singing B．laughing C．reading D．shouting 19．A．turning B．messing C．looking D．driving 20．A．stopped B．judged C．escaped D．returned 21．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Obviously D．Actually 22．A．events B．injuries C．progress D．experience 23．A．rescue B．experiment C．activity D．search 24．A．believe in B．get through C．focus on D．put off 25．A．pollution B．change C．appearance D．safety 26．A．tips B．places C．plans D．choices 27．A．sound B．value C．route D．life 28．A．figure B．find C．leave D．stick 29．A．carry B．damage C．forget D．share 30．A．nervous B．curious C．relaxed D．happy 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了哈珀警官在骑行自行车时，遇到三名皮划艇运动员遇险，他把三人救上来后，在网上匿名发帖，告诉人们在河流进行水上运动时，应该提前了解水位和水位的流向。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他遇到三个需要帮助的皮划艇运动员时，他立即行动起来。A. conclusion结论；结束；B. business生意，商业；C. action行为；行动；D. competition竞争；比赛。根据下文第三段“so I __5____ and asked if they were okay and came down here and found all three of them in the water. __6_, I were able to safely get them out of the water,”可知，他在听到有人呼救之后就立即停下来查看询问并最终把他们救上岸来。短语jump into action意为“立即行动”，符合语境。故选C项。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：水的压力把他们推到了正在长出来的根里。A. mixed混合；B. pushed推；C. woke醒来，唤醒；D. picked采摘，挑选。根据前面主语“The pressure of the water”，水流产生的压力可以对皮划艇产生一种推力失控，让他们被困。故选B项。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只听到成年男子的叫声，一开始我不确定是人们在玩闹还是遇到了麻烦，所以我停下来问他们是否还好，然后来到这里，发现他们三个都在水里。A. singing唱歌；B. laughing大笑；C. reading阅读；D. shouting大喊。根据第一段“when he came across three kayakers(皮划艇运动员) who needed help”交代，三名男子是在水中被困需要救助，应该会大声呼救。故选D项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只听到成年男子的叫声，一开始我不确定是人们在玩闹还是遇到了麻烦，所以我停下来问他们是否还好，然后来到这里，发现他们三个都在水里。A. turning转变，转弯，变成；B. messing弄乱，弄脏；C. looking看；D. driving驾驶，驱使，驱赶。根据前面“I wasn’t sure if”及后面“somebody that was in trouble”可知，哈珀听到成年男性在河里喊叫声，认为有可能是在玩闹，也或许是遇险呼救。动词短语mess up意为“胡闹，乱闹”与in trouble是两个不同的情况，符合语境。故选B项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只听到成年男子的叫声，一开始我不确定是人们在玩闹还是有人遇到了麻烦，所以我停下来问他们是否还好，然后来到这里，发现他们三个都在水里。A. stopped停止，阻止；B. judged判断，评判；C. escaped逃跑，逃避；D. returned归还，返回。根据第一段“What started as a normal day of biking along the Clinton River turned into a rescue”及该空后“asked if they were okay and came down here and found all three of them in the water.”可知，事发前哈珀正在骑行，听到喊叫声应该是停下来去询问。故选A项。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我能够安全地把他们从水里救出来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Strangely奇怪地；C. Obviously显然；D. Actually实际上。根据上文“found all three of them in the water.”及该空后“I were able to safely get them out of the water”可知，三名男子遇险，哈珀成功地把他们救上岸来，应该会感到很幸运。故选A项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：皮划艇运动员有些割伤，但没有受重伤。A. events项目，大事件；B. injuries伤害，受伤；C. progress进步，进展；D. experience经验，经历。根据空前“some cuts but no major…”可知，三名男子水中遇险被救上来后应该会查看身体情况，cuts这里指轻微皮外擦伤，转折后表示没有严重的伤。故选B项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援一天后，哈珀在罗切斯特警方的Facebook页面上匿名发布了发生的事情。A. rescue救援；B. experiment实验；C. activity活动；D. search搜索。上文介绍了救援的过程，结合下文“Harper posted anonymously(匿名地) about what had happened on the Rochester Police Facebook page.”可知，应该是救援结束后，哈珀把所发生的事情发在网上。此处呼应第一段首句中的“rescue”，原词复现。故选A项。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不希望人们关注他所做的事情，而是希望传播有关水安全的意识。A. believe in信任；B. get through完成，通过；C. focus on专注于，聚焦；D. put off推迟。根据下文“but rather to spread awareness about water _10___”可知，此处在解释他把事情发在网上的目的，他解释这样做不是为了得到关注，因为救人这样的英雄壮举一般会被人关注，他真正的目的是想提醒人们进行水上运动时应注意的安全问题。故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不希望人们关注他所做的事情，而是希望传播有关水安全的意识。A. pollution污染；B. change变化；C. appearance出现，外表，表面；D. safety安全。下文“Harper shared some helpful __11__ you should know before going out on the river. ”“He says people should know the level of the water and the ____12____ of it. The Clinton River has a lot of turns, and there are some trees that ____13____ out some roots. Also, don’t ____14____ your life jacket while you’re out on the water.”都是在介绍关于水中运动的安全问题。故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈珀分享了一些在去河边之前你应该知道的有用提示。A. tips窍门，忠告，建议；B. places地方；C. plans计划；D. choices选择。下文“He says people should know the level of the water and the ____12____ of it. The Clinton River has a lot of turns, and there are some trees that ____13____ out some roots. Also, don’t ____14____ your life jacket while you’re out on the water.”都是哈珀在帖子中分享的一些水上运动应注意的一些安全问题的忠告。故选A项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，人们应该知道水位和水位的路线。A. sound声音；B. value价值；C. route路线；D. life生活，生命。根据下一句“The Clinton River has a lot of turns, and there are some trees that __13_ out some roots.”可知，哈珀建议在河里做水上运动应该了解这条河的路线，一路上会遇到什么。故选C项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：克林顿河有很多弯道，有一些树伸出了一些根。 A. figure数字；人物，身材；B. find发现，找到；C. leave离开，启程；D. stick坚持，粘贴，伸出。根据上文第二段“The pressure of the water had __2__ them up into this root that was coming out,”可知，这条河流的弯道处有很多树根伸出到水里成为阻碍。动词短语stick out意为“伸出来”与coming out近义词呼应。故选D项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另外，下水时别忘了穿救生衣。 A. carry携带，搬运；B. damage损坏；C. forget忘记；D. share分享。根据后面“your life jacket while you’re out on the water”可知，为安全起见，下水远动穿救生衣是不能忘记的。故选C项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，他很高兴能帮忙。A. nervous紧张的；B. curious好奇的；C. relaxed放松的；D. happy高兴的。根据后面从句“he was there to help.”可知，这里指他成功救了三名遇险的皮划艇运动员，哈珀警官救人成功后应该是开心的。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·湖南永州·期末） Colleen Wall, an inspirational artist, is devoted to using murals (壁画) to make a “window view” to uplift patients. Her journey into the Arts & Healthcare field began in 1995, when she was diagnosed (诊断) with 31 cancer. Fortunately, she recovered. This life-changing experience 32 her passion for using art to help others. After 33 stomach cancer, she served as an artist at Women’s & Children’s Hospital of Buffalo. One morning, Colleen entered a patient’s room and 34 , “It’s such a beautiful day outside!” The patient 35 from her bed and replied, “It always looks the same from here.” That simple but powerful 36 inspired Colleen’s idea for a project: Transforming Healthcare Spaces. It was successfully 37 with a crowd-funding Kickstarter campaign, and it offered her the opportunity to create 20 inspirational 38 she called Land Escapes. The window-inspired paintings include elements of nature to 39 the viewer into the scene. They also 40 words of encouragement and inspiration. Colleen’s goal is to give every patient a view to a sunny, peaceful place, offering a mental 41 from the restrictions of the hospital room and a(n) 42 that better days are ahead. “Spending long periods of time in a hospital room can feel 43 ,” said Colleen. “These window paintings are meant to help patients feel as though they are not 44 to a small room but instead can take a(n) 45 journey outside into nature.” 31．A．skin B．stomach C．lung D．bone 32．A．weakened B．fueled C．withdrew D．limited 33．A．developing B．stimulating C．detecting D．beating 34．A．added B．explained C．remarked D．roared 35．A．looked up B．looked down C．looked back D．looked around 36．A．proposal B．prediction C．exchange D．bond 37．A．faced B．overcome C．funded D．replaced 38．A．paintings B．poems C．essays D．songs 39．A．admit B．attract C．forbid D．accompany 40．A．guarantee B．demand C．grasp D．feature 41．A．disease B．phenomenon C．challenge D．escape 42．A．evidence B．reminder C．promise D．example 43．A．envious B．uplifted C．energetic D．lonely 44．A．suited B．addicted C．restricted D．committed 45．A．imaginary B．adventurous C．conventional D．tough 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．D 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了励志艺术家Colleen Wall在1995年被诊断患有癌症并康复后，投身艺术与医疗领域，她与患者的交流启发其开展项目，创作壁画帮助患者从心理上摆脱病房束缚。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她进入艺术与医疗领域的旅程始于1995年，当时她被诊断出患有胃癌。A. skin皮肤；B. stomach胃；C. lung肺；D. bone骨头。根据后文“After 3 stomach cancer”可知，她患的是胃癌。故选B项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次改变人生的经历激发了她用艺术帮助他人的热情。A. weakened削弱；B. fueled激发，促进；C. withdrew撤回；D. limited限制。前文“Fortunately, she recovered.”提到她战胜了癌症，这是改变人生的经历，结合下文“After 3 stomach cancer, she served as an artist at Women’s & Children’s Hospital of Buffalo.”可推知，正是战胜了癌症的成功经历激发了她用艺术去帮助他人的热情。故选B项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：战胜胃癌后，她在布法罗妇女儿童医院担任艺术家。A. developing发展；B. stimulating刺激；C. detecting检测；D. beating战胜。从前文“Fortunately, she recovered.”可知她从癌症中康复了，也就是战胜了癌症。故选D项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，Colleen走进一个病人的房间，说：“外面天气真好！”A. added补充说；B. explained解释；C. remarked说，评论；D. roared咆哮。根据后文“It’s such a beautiful day outside!”可知，Colleen表达了对外面天气的看法，remark符合语境；add常用于对之前所说内容的补充。故选C项。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：病人从床上抬起头回答说：“从这里看总是一样的。”A. looked up抬头看；B. looked down俯视；C. looked back回顾；D. looked around环顾四周。结合前文“Colleen entered a patient’s room and remarked, ‘It’s such a beautiful day outside!’”和后文“from her bed”，病人原本在床上，听到Colleen的话后自然是从床上抬起头来回应。故选A项。 36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次简单却有力的对话激发了Colleen一个项目的想法：改变医疗空间。A. proposal提议；B. prediction预测；C. exchange交流，对话；D. bond纽带。根据前文Colleen和病人关于外面天气的对话可知，正是这次交流激发了她的项目想法。故选C项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过Kickstarter众筹活动，这个项目成功获得了资金支持，这也给了她机会创作20幅她称之为“陆地景观”的鼓舞人心的画作。A. faced面对；B. overcome克服；C. funded资助，为……提供资金；D. replaced代替。根据后文“with a crowd-funding Kickstarter campaign”和“it offered her the opportunity to create 20 inspirational paintings”可知，众筹活动为项目提供了资金，使得她能够进行画作创作。故选C项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过Kickstarter众筹活动，这个项目成功获得了资金支持，这也给了她机会创作20幅她称之为“陆地景观”的鼓舞人心的画作。A. paintings画作；B. poems诗歌；C. essays散文；D. songs歌曲。后文“The window inspired paintings include elements of nature 9 the viewer into the scene.”明确提到了paintings，说明她创作的是画作。故选A项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些以窗户为灵感的画作包含自然元素，以吸引观看者进入画面。A. admit承认；B. attract吸引；C. forbid禁止；D. accompany陪伴。根据后文“Colleen’s goal is to give every patient a view to a sunny, peaceful place”可知，画作包含自然元素的目的就是为了吸引病人，让他们仿佛置身于那个阳光、宁静的地方。故选B项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们还以鼓励和鼓舞人心的话语为特色。A. guarantee保证；B. demand要求；C. grasp抓住；D. feature以……为特色。根据前文“Colleen Wall, an inspirational artist, is devoted to using murals (壁画) to make a ‘window view’ to uplift patients.”可知，Colleen作画的目的是帮助病人，让病人振作起来，结合后文“words of encouragement and inspiration”可推知，鼓励和鼓舞人心的话语是画作的一个特色，用来增强对病人的积极影响。故选D项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Colleen的目标是让每个病人都能看到一个阳光明媚、宁静的地方，让他们在心理上逃离病房的限制，并提醒他们更好的日子即将到来。A. disease疾病；B. phenomenon现象；C. challenge挑战；D. escape逃离。根据前文“The patient 5 from her bed and replied, ‘It always looks the same from here.’”和后文“from the restrictions of the hospital room”可知，病人在病床上看到的画面总是一样，就像是被困在病房里，所以画作的作用是让病人在心理上从病房的限制中逃离出来。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Colleen的目标是让每个病人都能看到一个阳光明媚、宁静的地方，让他们在心理上逃离病房的限制，并提醒他们更好的日子即将到来。A. evidence证据；B. reminder提醒物，引起回忆的事物；C. promise承诺；D. example例子。结合前文画作中包含鼓励的话语以及后文“better days are ahead”可知，画作是要提醒病人未来有更好的日子，所以它是一个reminder“提醒物”。故选B项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“长时间待在病房里会让人感到孤独，”Colleen说。 A. envious嫉妒的；B. uplifted振奋的，意气昂扬的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. lonely孤独的。根据前文“The patient 5 from her bed and replied, ‘It always looks the same from here.’”和“Spending long periods of time in a hospital room”可知，病人长时间处于封闭的病房环境，与外界接触少，会让人感到孤独。故选D项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些窗户画旨在帮助病人感觉自己不是被限制在一个小房间里，而是可以进行一次想象中的户外自然之旅。A. suited适合的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. restricted受限制的；D. committed承诺。根据前文“from the restrictions of the hospital room”和“Spending long periods of time in a hospital room”可知，病房对病人有空间上的限制，而画作的作用是让病人感觉不被这样限制。故选C项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些窗户画旨在帮助病人感觉自己不是被限制在一个小房间里，而是可以进行一次想象中的户外自然之旅。A. imaginary想象的；B. adventurous冒险的；C. conventional传统的；D. tough艰难的。病人身处病房无法真正去户外，只能通过画作展开想象，进行一场户外之旅，从前文“give every patient a view to a sunny, peaceful place”等描述可知，这是一种想象中的体验。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我——自我成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·贵州黔东南·期末） What would you do if doctors suddenly told you that you had cancer? You may feel shocked and 1 . But for 59-year-old Jackson, she faced her diagnosis (诊断) with 2 and made the most of every moment. In 2010, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. After 15 months of treatment in the hospital, she decided to stay 3 . As a passionate 4 and frequent traveler, she started cycling across France again and took trips to Australia. “Doctors say there is a 95 percent chance that I will never have to worry about cancer again, ” she said. By 2018, she had stopped 5 the remaining 5 percent. But that spring, due to constant tiredness, she went to the hospital for a 6 check-up. On April 30, she received the most 7 news: the cancer had returned. This time, it was in her 8 and had spread to her liver. Even worse, doctors told her it was Stage 4—terminal (晚期的) . Jackson knew this round of treatment would 9 both her body and mind. Determined not to let cancer 10 her life, she joined a dance club. One morning before an important competition, she woke up with sore muscles and could 11 move. However, with great determination, she 12 to stand on stage. “I don’ t care if I fall on the floor, because it might be the last time I can 13 something like this, ” she said. In October, Jackson underwent surgery to remove both her stomach and liver. Despite the physical 14 , she continued to enjoy every dance step. “You have to have a goal to keep going, ” she said. “You need something to 15 every day. ” 1．A．comforted B．touched C．anxious D．joyful 2．A．disbelief B．sadness C．anger D．courage 3．A．calm B．active C．silent D．safe 4．A．patient B．cyclist C．hiker D．dancer 5．A．fearing B．applying C．sharing D．ignoring 6．A．minor B．final C．thorough D．previous 7．A．disturbing B．reliable C．appropriate D．convincing 8．A．breast B．lung C．stomach D．skin 9．A．choose B．test C．absorb D．preserve 10．A．enrich B．expand C．assess D．control 11．A．hardly B．eventually C．naturally D．normally 12．A．continued B．tried C．prepared D．managed 13．A．obey B．attempt C．detect D．oppose 14．A．challenges B．abilities C．fitness D．energy 15．A．look out for B．look down upon C．look up to D．look forward to 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了59岁的杰克逊女士在被诊断出癌症后，勇敢面对病魔，积极生活的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会感到震惊和焦虑。A. comforted安慰的；B. touched受感动的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. joyful快乐的。根据上文“What would you do if doctors suddenly told you that you had cancer?”可知，突然被告知患有癌症，应该是震惊和焦虑的。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但59岁的杰克逊却勇敢地面对了自己的诊断结果，并且充分利用了每一刻。A. disbelief怀疑；B. sadness悲伤；C. anger愤怒；D. courage勇气。根据下文“made the most of every moment”可知，她充分利用了每一刻，因此她积极面对疾病，需要很大的勇气。故选D项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院接受了15个月的治疗后，她决定保持积极。A. calm冷静的；B. active积极的，活跃的；C. silent沉默的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“she started cycling across France again and took trips to Australia.”可知，她开始骑行穿越法国，并前往澳大利亚旅行，因此她决定保持积极。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个充满激情的自行车手和经常旅行的人，她开始再次骑行穿越法国，并前往澳大利亚旅行。A. patient病人；B. cyclist骑自行车的人；C. hiker徒步旅行者；D. dancer舞者。根据下文“she started cycling across France again”可知，她是一名热情的自行车手。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2018年，她已经不再害怕剩下的5%的可能性了。A. fearing害怕；B. applying申请；C. sharing分享；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文“Doctors say there is a 95 percent chance that I will never have to worry about cancer again”可知，医生说她有95%的机会永远不用再担心癌症，所以她不再害怕剩下的5%的可能性。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但那个春天，由于持续的疲劳，她去医院做了彻底的检查。A. minor较小的；B. final最终的；C. thorough彻底的；D. previous之前的。根据下文“doctors told her it was Stage 4—terminal”可知，医生告诉她癌症已经到了晚期，因此她去医院做了彻底的检查。故选C项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：4月30日，她收到了最令人不安的消息：癌症复发了。A. disturbing令人不安的；B. reliable可靠的；C. appropriate适当的；D. convincing令人信服的。根据下文“the cancer had returned”可知，癌症复发是很令人不安的消息。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，它出现在她的胃里，并已扩散到肝脏。A. breast乳房；B. lung肺；C. stomach胃；D. skin皮肤。根据下文“Jackson underwent surgery to remove both her stomach and liver.”可知，杰克逊接受了手术，切除了她的胃和肝脏，说明这次癌症在她的胃里。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克逊知道这一轮治疗会对她的身心造成影响。A. choose选择；B. test考验；C. absorb吸收；D. preserve保护。根据下文“both her body and mind”可知，杰克逊知道这一轮治疗将考验她的身心。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决心不让癌症控制她的生活，于是加入了一个舞蹈俱乐部。A. enrich丰富；B. expand扩大；C. assess评估；D. control控制。根据下文“she joined a dance club”可知，她加入舞蹈俱乐部，决心不让癌症控制她的生活。故选D项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，在一场重要的比赛前，她醒来时肌肉酸痛，几乎不能动弹。A. hardly几乎不；B. eventually最终；C. naturally自然地；D. normally正常地。根据上文“she woke up with sore muscles”可知，她醒来时肌肉酸痛，几乎不能动弹。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，凭借坚定的决心，她设法站上了舞台。A. continued继续；B. tried尝试；C. prepared准备；D. managed设法做成。根据上文“she woke up with sore muscles”可知，她醒来时肌肉酸痛，因此是凭借巨大的决心，她设法站在了舞台上。manage to do sth为固定短语，含义为“设法做成某事”。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不在乎自己是否会倒在舞台上，因为这可能是我最后一次尝试这样的事情了。A. obey服从；B. attempt尝试；C. detect发现；D. oppose反对。根据下文“something like this”可知，她认为自己可能是最后一次能尝试这样的事情了。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管身体面临挑战，她仍然享受每一个舞步。A. challenges挑战；B. abilities能力；C. fitness健康；D. energy能量。根据上文“In October, Jackson underwent surgery to remove both her stomach and liver.”可知，她做了手术，身体面临挑战。故选A项。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你必须有一个目标来坚持下去，你需要每天有所期待。”A. look out for留心；B. look down upon看不起；C. look up to尊敬；D. look forward to期待。根据上文“You have to have a goal to keep going”可知，你要有目标才能继续前进，说明你需要每天都有所期待。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西运城·期末） Willie Wilson always lived life to the fullest. A star athlete and Mr. Popular in school, he had dreams of a 16 basketball career. However, at 13, his life changed 17 when he began to lose his vision. He couldn’t see the blackboard clearly as before, and soon he could rarely 18 his classmates. By 15, he was completely blind, and no one could 19 the sudden loss. Struggling to deal with it, Willie ran the streets with friends and fought anyone who 20 him, trying to prove he was still the same “Thrill Willie Wilson”. He always 21 to acknowledge his weakness until a life-changing speech about saving oneself on TV 22 him to seek a new path, leading him to college. Unfortunately, his challenges were enlarged when he began losing his 23 , and by 21, he was both blind and deaf. He dropped out of school and moved back to his 24 , when he was finally diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤). Willie’s life became a 25 of hospital visits and surgeries, leaving him 26 to his bedroom as friends left away. Determined to 27 the world, he took on the challenge of learning American Sign Language. Then, he discovered an apartment community designed for individuals with 28 . Accepted into the program, Willie regained his independence and obtained 29 from kind strangers. Now, he’s Mr. Popular again, his signing skills improving daily, and he often 30 the day of staff and residents with his sharp sense of humor. 16．A．considerate B．professional C．wealthy D．sensitive 17．A．especially B．eventually C．objectively D．dramatically 18．A．recognize B．remember C．reject D．trouble 19．A．recall B．experience C．explain D．comfort 20．A．woke up B．helped with C．laughed at D．took in 21．A．competed B．smiled C．determined D．refused 22．A．threatened B．inspired C．forced D．entertained 23．A．sight B．confidence C．hearing D．strength 24．A．home B．occupation C．street D．dream 25．A．game B．routine C．comedy D．joke 26．A．devoted B．objected C．opposed D．limited 27．A．connect with B．agree with C．complain about D．give up 28．A．talents B．relatives C．degrees D．disabilities 29．A．vision B．perseverance C．motivation D．criticism 30．A．wastes B．brightens C．arranges D．expands 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Willie Wilson克服残疾，重拾生活的故事。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为学校的明星运动员和最受欢迎的人物，他梦想着成为一名专业篮球运动员。A. considerate体贴的；B. professional专业的；C. wealthy富有的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文的“A star athlete”和下文“basketball career”可知，Willie Wilson是学校的明星运动员，因此他梦想着成为一名专业的篮球运动员。故选B。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，13岁时，当他开始失去视力，他的生活发生了显著的变化。A. especially尤其；B. eventually最终；C. objectively客观地；D. dramatically显著地。根据下文“he began to lose his vision”可知，Willie Wilson在13岁时开始失去视力，他的生活发生了显著的变化。故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法像以前那样清楚地看到黑板，很快他就几乎认不出他的同学了。A. recognize认出；B. remember记得；C. reject拒绝；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文“He couldn’t see the blackboard clearly as before, and soon he could rarely”和下文“his classmates”可知，Willie Wilson开始失去视力，因此逐渐地，他几乎认不出他的同学了。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了15岁，他完全失明了，没有人能解释这种突如其来的（视力）丧失。A. recall回忆；B. experience经历；C. explain解释；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“By 15, he was completely blind”和下文“the sudden loss”可知，Willie Wilson在15岁时完全失明了，这是一种突如其来的视力丧失，没有人能解释。故选C。 20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：挣扎着面对它，Willie和朋友们在街上闲逛，和任何嘲笑他的人打架，试图证明自己仍然是那个“令人兴奋的Willie Wilson”。A. woke up唤醒；B. helped with帮助；C. laughed at嘲笑；D. took in吸收。根据上文“Struggling to deal with it”可知，Willie Wilson很难接受自己失明的事实，因此他会和任何嘲笑他的人打架。故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是拒绝承认自己的弱点，直到电视上关于自救的一场改变生活的演讲激励他寻求一条新的道路，引导他上大学。A. competed竞争；B. smiled微笑；C. determined决定；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“acknowledge his weakness until a life-changing speech about saving oneself on TV 　7　　 him to seek a new path, leading him to college”可知，Willie Wilson一直拒绝承认自己的弱点。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. threatened威胁；B. inspired激励；C. forced强迫；D. entertained使娱乐。根据上文“a life-changing speech about saving oneself on TV”和下文“him to seek a new path, leading him to college”可知，Willie之前一直在逃避自己的弱点，但这次电视演讲激励了他，引导他走上了新的道路，即上大学。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当他开始失去听力时，他的挑战变得更大了，到21岁时，他又聋又瞎。A. sight视力；B. confidence信心；C. hearing听力；D. strength力量。根据下文“and by 21, he was both blind and deaf”可知，到21岁时，他又聋又瞎，所以Willie Wilson在失去视力后，又开始失去听力。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他辍学了，搬回了家，在那里他最终被诊断出患有脑肿瘤。A. home家；B. occupation职业；C. street街道；D. dream梦想。根据上文“He dropped out of school”可知，Willie Wilson辍学了，因此他搬回了自己的家。故选A。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Willie的生活变成了医院探访和手术的常规，朋友们离开后，他被限制在自己的卧室里。A. game游戏；B. routine常规；C. comedy喜剧；D. joke笑话。根据下文“of hospital visits and surgeries”可知，Willie Wilson因为脑肿瘤而频繁去医院，因此他的生活变成了医院探访和手术的常规。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. devoted致力于；B. objected反对；C. opposed抵制；阻挠；D. limited限制。根据上文“leaving him”和下文“to his bedroom”可知，朋友们离开后，Willie Wilson被限制在自己的卧室里。故选D。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他决心要联系这个世界，于是他接受了学习美国手语的挑战。A. connect with联系；B. agree with同意；C. complain about抱怨；D. give up放弃。根据下文“he took on the challenge of learning American Sign Language”可知，Willie Wilson决心要联系这个世界，因此他学习了美国手语。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他发现了一个为残疾人士设计的公寓社区。A. talents天才；B. relatives亲戚；C. degrees学位；D. disabilities残疾。根据上文“and by 21, he was both blind and deaf”和下文“Accepted into the program”可知，Willie Wilson是一个残疾人，因此他发现了这个为残疾人设计的公寓社区，并被这个项目录取。故选D。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：被这个项目录取后，Willie恢复了独立，并从善良的陌生人那里获得了动力。A. vision视力；B. perseverance毅力；C. motivation动力；D. criticism批评。根据上文“Willie regained his independence”和下文“Now, he’s Mr. Popular again, his signing skills improving daily”可知，Willie Wilson恢复了独立，并从善良的陌生人那里获得了动力，又成了最受欢迎的人。故选C。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他再次成为大众先生，他的签名技巧每天都在提高，他敏锐的幽默感经常让工作人员和居民的一天变得愉快。A. wastes浪费；B. brightens使明亮，使愉快；C. arranges安排；D. expands扩展。根据下文“with his sharp sense of humor”可知，Willie Wilson经常用敏锐的幽默感使员工和居民的每天更加愉快。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东德州·期末） I’d always loved to sing and had already signed up for the school talent show when I started stuttering (口吃). I went from being a(n) 31 , carefree 10-year-old to a shy and insecure one. I tried speech therapy (治疗) but it didn’t 32 . I was angry and confused. I decided to practice at home, where no one could hear me mess up. By the summer I was 12, my stutter had become my entire 33 , and I dared not talk at all. One August afternoon, I walked into the basement, where I kept my musical 34 . I sat down and sobbed, 35 and frustrated. My eyes lit on my guitar. I picked it up and started playing. Then I opened my mouth. To my amazement, words came 36 when I sang. I wrote a song called “I Will Trust” on the spot. I sang about how lost I felt and how the pain 37 me down. I expressed everything I hadn’t been able to 38 . I cried again, this time for joy. Ever since, I’ve been writing songs 39 the human condition. Last year, I came across the America’s Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer. I felt 40 to give it a try. A couple of months later, there I was — standing on that big 41 . My heart raced, but this time it was 42 by excitement rather than fear. When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges. Their 43 thundered in my ears, removing all the 44 that had troubled me for so long. In that instant, I realized I was no longer defined by my stutter but by my music and 45 . 31．A．sincere B．outgoing C．humble D．sensitive 32．A．help B．exist C．matter D．stop 33．A．interest B．history C．identity D．strength 34．A．theory B．style C．popularity D．equipment 35．A．guilty B．hopeless C．grateful D．content 36．A．flooding out B．breaking in C．splitting up D．acting on 37．A．calmed B．turned C．weighed D．handed 38．A．report B．voice C．imagine D．admit 39．A．exploring B．removing C．defending D．overlooking 40．A．forced B．called C．scared D．questioned 41．A．board B．track C．move D．stage 42．A．fueled B．contained C．disturbed D．replaced 43．A．discussion B．applause C．debate D．blame 44．A．self-discipline B．self-confidence C．self-ignorance D．self-doubt 45．A．courage B．silence C．education D．intelligence 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．B 41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因口吃变得自卑，但在音乐中找到了表达自我的方式，通过写歌和参加《美国达人秀》重获自信，最终不再被口吃定义，而是被音乐和勇气所定义。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从一个外向、无忧无虑的10岁孩子，变成了一个害羞、缺乏安全感的孩子。A. sincere真诚的；B. outgoing外向的；C. humble谦逊的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“carefree 10-year-old to a shy and insecure one”可推知，作者描述自己因为口吃而发生的性格变化，应该是原先外向、无忧无虑，后来变成害羞、缺乏安全感。故选B。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了语言治疗，但没什么效果。A. help帮助；B. exist存在；C. matter重要；D. stop停止。根据下文“I was angry and confused.”可知，作者感到愤怒和困惑，因此语言治疗是没有帮助，即没什么效果。故选A。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我12岁那年夏天，口吃已经成了我的全部身份，我甚至不敢开口说话。A. interest兴趣；B. history历史；C. identity身份；D. strength力量。根据下文“and I dared not talk at all”可知，作者甚至不敢开口说话，因此口吃是变得非常严重，成了作者的全部身份。故选C。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个八月的下午，我走进地下室，那里放着我的音乐设备。A. theory理论；B. style风格；C. popularity流行；D. equipment设备。根据下文“My eyes lit on my guitar.”可知，地下室里有作者的吉他，因此是放着音乐设备。故选D。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坐下来，绝望而沮丧地哭泣。A. guilty内疚的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. grateful感激的；D. content满足的。根据上文“I dared not talk at all”可知，作者甚至不敢开口说话，因此口吃是变得非常严重，作者是绝望而沮丧地哭泣。故选B。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，当我唱歌时，歌词如潮水般涌出。A. flooding out涌出；B. breaking in闯入；C. splitting up分裂；D. acting on对……起作用。根据上文“To my amazement”可知，原本口吃的作者对自己的情况感到惊讶，因此唱歌时歌词是如潮水般涌出，非常流畅地表达出来。故选A。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我唱出了自己迷失的感受，以及痛苦如何压垮了我。A. calmed使平静；B. turned转向；C. weighed使忧虑；D. handed递送。根据上文“I sat down and sobbed, ____5____ and frustrated.”可知，作者因为自己的口吃沮丧地哭泣，因此是唱出痛苦如何压垮了自己，短语weigh down意为“压垮，使沮丧”。故选C。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我表达了我无法表达的一切。A. report报告；B. voice表达；C. imagine想象；D. admit承认。根据上文“and I dared not talk at all”可知，作者的口吃严重到导致他不敢说话，因此是表达自己之前无法表达的一切。故选B。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我开始写歌，探索人类的处境。A. exploring探索；B. removing移除；C. defending防御；D. overlooking忽视。根据上文“I sang about how lost I felt and how the pain ____7____ me down.”可知，作者唱的歌是表达个人的感受与情感，因此他写的歌是探索人类的处境。故选A。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到一种召唤，决定试一试。A. forced强迫；B. called呼唤；C. scared使害怕；D. questioned询问。根据下文“A couple of months later, there I was”可知，作者参加了这个节目，因此当时是感到一种召唤，决定试一试。故选B。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我站在了那个大舞台上。A. board木板；B. track轨道；C. move移动；D. stage舞台。根据上文“I came across the America’s Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer”可知，作者看到了《美国达人秀》的海选公告，因此是站在了这个节目的大舞台上。故选D。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心怦怦直跳，但这一次是由兴奋而不是恐惧推动的。A. fueled推动；B. contained包含；C. disturbed打扰；D. replaced替换。根据上文“My heart raced”和下文“by excitement rather than fear”可推知，作者是在描述自己的心怦怦直跳的原因，指是由兴奋而不是恐惧推动的。故选A。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的掌声在我耳边轰鸣，驱散了困扰我许久的自我怀疑。A. discussion讨论；B. applause掌声；C. debate辩论；D. blame责备。根据上文“When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges.”可知，作者的表演震撼了观众和评委们，因此在作者耳边轰鸣的是掌声。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的掌声在我耳边轰鸣，驱散了困扰我许久的自我怀疑。A. self-discipline自律；B. self-confidence自信；C. self-ignorance自我无知；D. self-doubt自我怀疑。根据上文“and I dared not talk at all”可知，作者因为口吃不敢讲话，对自己不自信，因此是驱散了困扰他许久的自我怀疑。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我意识到，我不再被口吃定义，而是被我的音乐和勇气所定义。A. courage勇气；B. silence沉默；C. education教育；D. intelligence智慧。根据上文“I felt ____10____ to give it a try. A couple of months later, there I was”可知，作者大胆参与了这个节目，体现了他的勇气。故选A。 主题03 人与自然——生物多样性与太空探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） My family have lived in the Maranhão region of northern Brazil for generations. For centuries, my people have 1 the natural world there, looking after the Amazon rainforest. Our traditions help us sustain the environment, and 2 nature provides for us: trees give us food and medicine. Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us. Also 3 to us, however, was the need to 4 . Since 1500, our land has been under constant 5 . Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain. As a child, my grandfather 6 all this to me. He understood the dangers people and the planet 7 . He’s no longer with us, but I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got 8 in recent decades. Around us are illegal 9 , hunting and mining. We take matters into our own hands to protect our land. We founded the Guardians of the Forest. When we see an illegal camp or 10 a new incursion (入侵), we Guardians have a (n) 11 — our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs. Our networks cooperate, study the area, and prepare to act. We look for the best way to 12 while minimizing the risks to our safety. We agree on tactics (战术), then surround the camps, and destroy their equipment and trucks, leaving them with no choice but to go 13 . Our resistance is 14 . In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed 15 . Today, there are only five. 1．A．developed B．preserved C．shaped D．explored 2．A．in return B．by chance C．on purpose D．to date 3．A．given away B．called on C．passed down D．left behind 4．A．tolerate B．adapt C．struggle D．fight 5．A．attack B．watch C．guidance D．stress 6．A．referred B．explained C．exposed D．owed 7．A．caused B．presented C．faced D．recognize 8．A．milder B．worse C．rarer D．clearer 9．A．shipping B．spying C．climbing D．logging 10．A．identify B．empty C．escape D．oppose 11．A．duty B．mercy C．excuse D．advantage 12．A．stay B．launch C．approach D．submit 13．A．camping B．racing C．packing D．hiking 14．A．fading B．working C．declining D．beginning 15．A．closing B．improving C．reserving D．expanding 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家世代生活在巴西北部的马拉尼昂地区，一直保护着亚马逊雨林，但近几十年来，土地遭受非法入侵，他们成立了森林守护者组织来保护土地，且成效显著。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，我们的人民一直保护着那里的自然世界，照料着亚马逊雨林。A. developed发展；B. preserved保护；C. shaped塑造；D. explored探索。根据后文“looking after the Amazon rainforest”可知，当地的人们在保护自然世界。故选B项。 2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们的传统帮助我们维持环境，作为回报，大自然为我们提供食物和药物。A. in return作为回报；B. by chance偶然；C. on purpose故意地；D. to date到目前为止。根据前文“Our traditions help us sustain the environment”和后文“nature provides for us”可知，保护环境的传统让大自然为人类提供食物和药物，这是大自然的回报。故选A项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，同样传承给我们的，还有斗争的需要。A. given away赠送；B. called on呼吁；C. passed down传递，传承；D. left behind留下。根据前文“Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us.”和“Also”可知，除了习俗，还有其它东西也被传承了下来。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，同样传承给我们的，还有斗争的需要。A. tolerate容忍；B. adapt适应；C. struggle斗争；D. fight战斗。根据后文“Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”可推知，要与破坏环境的行为作斗争。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1500年以来，我们的土地一直受到不断的攻击。A. attack攻击；B. watch观察；C. guidance指导；D. stress压力。根据后文“Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”可知，土地遭到破坏和攻击。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的祖父向我解释了这一切。A. referred参考；B. explained解释；C. exposed暴露；D. owed欠。后文“all this to me”中指示代词this指代上文提到的“Since 1500, our land has been under constant 7 . Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”，结合“As a child”可推知，这些情况是作者小时候祖父解释给他听的。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他了解人类和地球面临的危险。A. caused引起；B. presented呈现；C. faced面对；D. recognize认识。根据前文“the dangers people and the planet...”和后文“ I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got 8 in recent decades.”可知，人类和地球共同面临着威胁和危险。故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经不在了，但我继续他的遗志，因为威胁在最近几十年变得更糟了。A. milder更温和的；B. worse更糟的；C. rarer更稀有的；D. clearer更清楚的。根据后文“Around us are illegal 9 , hunting and mining.”可知，与之前对土地的破坏相比，威胁变得更糟了。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们周围都是非法伐木、狩猎和采矿。A. shipping运输；B. spying侦察；C. climbing攀登；D. logging伐木。根据前文“illegal”和后文“hunting and mining”可知，指在亚马逊雨林里发生的非法活动，非法伐木符合语境。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到一个非法营地或发现新的入侵时，我们守护者有一个优势——我们对森林的了解比他们深得多。A. identify发现，识别；B. empty清空；C. escape逃跑；D. oppose反对。根据前文“When we see an illegal camp or...”可知，与“看到一个非法营地”并列，“发现新的入侵”符合语境。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到一个非法营地或发现新的入侵时，我们守护者有一个优势——我们对森林的了解比他们深得多。A. duty职责；B. mercy仁慈；C. excuse借口；D. advantage优势。根据后文“our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs”可知，守护者更了解森林，与入侵者相比，更有优势。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们寻求最佳的处理方式，同时将对自身安全的风险降到最低。A. stay停留；B. launch发起；C. approach着手处理，对付；D. submit提交。根据后文“while minimizing the risks to our safety”可知，作者要在保证安全的情况下，再着手处理非法营地或者入侵者。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们商定战术，然后包围营地，摧毁他们的设备和卡车，让他们别无选择，只能收拾行李离开。A. camping露营；B. racing比赛；C. packing收拾(行李)；D. hiking徒步旅行。根据前文“destroy their equipment and trucks”可知，入侵者的设备和卡车被破坏，别无选择，只能收拾行李离开。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的抵抗正在起作用。A. fading褪色；B. working起作用；C. declining下降；D. beginning开始。根据后文“In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed 15 . Today, there are only five.”可知，非法入境点减少了，抵抗正在起作用。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，我们发现了72个需要关闭的非法入境点。A. closing关闭；B. improving改善；C. reserving预订；D. expanding扩大。根据前文“we found 72 illegal entry points into our land”可知，既然是非法入境点，那就需要关闭。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州铜仁·期末） On the first day of summer vacation, I wandered along the muddy riverbank behind our village. My eyes were suddenly 16 by a rainbow-colored object in the water — upon closer inspection, it wasn’t a fish, but a plastic bag that was tightly 17 in the branches. The treasure river of my childhood then gave off a smell of 18 waste. Grandpa used to excite me with tales of catching fish in this clear river. Perhaps, it’s time to take action. Holding a trash picker firmly, I 19 the challenging task of clearing the river. By noon, my bag was stuffed with bottles and various other 20 . Just as tiredness began to sweep over me, a 21 cast itself across the water. “Could you use a 22 , kid?” An elderly woman threw herself into my work. It’s Mrs Lee, a retired biology teacher. “This river once 23 our rice fields,” she said, pointing to the vast area. We worked until sunset, and our conversation 24 from environmental pollution prevention to village history. The following morning, several neighbors 25 us, equipped with rakes (耙子) and shovels. On the fifth day, something 26 occurred — butterflies 27 over the cleaned stretch, their wings sparkling (闪耀) like living jewels. Villagers released lots of little 28 into the river. As the tiny creature swam through the clear water, 29 , I realized that protecting the environment is protecting ourselves and the environmental restoration requires team work and maintaining persistent 30 . 16．A．matched B．misled C．caught D．covered 17．A．held B．wrapped C．buried D．floated 18．A．familiar B．mild C．sweet D．sharp 19．A．took up B．turned to C．went on D．called up 20．A．goods B．furniture C．garbage D．luggage 21．A．teenager B．character C．villager D．figure 22．A．map B．hand C．knife D．towel 23．A．irrigated B．flooded C．damaged D．fertilized 24．A．fixed B．shifted C．stopped D．focused 25．A．questioned B．passed C．greeted D．joined 26．A．amazing B．awful C．accidental D．amused 27．A．crawled B．swam C．flew D．dived 28．A．butterflies B．fish C．birds D．dragonflies 29．A．unexpectedly B．gradually C．suddenly D．casually 30．A．imagination B．thought C．dream D．effort 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了暑假第一天，作者在村庄后的河边发现塑料垃圾，回忆起童年清澈的河流，于是开始清理河道。在退休生物老师李太太的加入和村民的参与下，河道逐渐恢复洁净，最终蝴蝶飞舞、鱼儿畅游，作者领悟到环保需要团队合作和持续努力。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目光突然被水中一个彩虹色的物体吸引，仔细一看，那不是鱼，而是一个树枝紧紧缠住的塑料袋。A. matched匹配；B. misled误导；C. caught吸引；D. covered覆盖。根据“upon closer inspection”可知，作者被彩色物体吸引了，所以仔细查看。catch one’s eyes“吸引某人的目光”。故选C。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目光突然被水中一个彩虹色的物体吸引，仔细一看，那不是鱼，而是一个树枝紧紧缠住的塑料袋。A. held握住；B. wrapped缠绕；C. buried埋葬；D. floated漂浮。根据“a plastic bag that was tightly”和“in the branches”并结合常识可知，塑料袋是被树枝“缠绕”。故选B。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我童年的“宝藏河”散发着刺鼻的垃圾味。A. familiar熟悉的；B. mild温和的；C. sweet甜的；D. sharp刺鼻的。根据“waste”可知，垃圾的气味通常是刺鼻的。故选D。 19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我紧握着拾物钳，开始清理河流的艰巨任务。A. took up开始从事；B. turned to转向；C. went on继续；D. called up召集。根据下文“By noon, my bag was stuffed with bottles”可知，作者决定着手清理河道。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到中午时，我的袋子里塞满了瓶子和其他各种垃圾。A. goods商品；B. furniture家具；C. garbage垃圾；D. luggage行李。根据“my bag was stuffed with bottles”以及上文“waste”可知，袋子里装的应是垃圾。故选C。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当我开始感到疲惫时，一个身影出现在水面上。A. teenager青少年；B. character角色；C. villager村民；D. figure身影。根据下文“An elderly woman threw herself into my work. ”可知，作者在清理水里的垃圾时，看到水面上老人的身影。故选D。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“孩子，需要帮忙吗?”A. map地图；B. hand援手；C. knife刀；D. towel毛巾。根据下文“An elderly woman threw herself into my work. ”可知，老人问作者是否需要帮忙， use a hand是固定表达，意为“需要帮助”。故选B。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这条河曾经灌溉我们的农田，” 她指着广阔的区域说。A. irrigated灌溉；B. flooded淹没； C. damaged损坏；D. fertilized施肥。根据“our rice fields”和常识可知，河流的主要作用之一是灌溉农田。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一直工作到日落，谈话从防治环境污染转到村庄历史。A. fixed固定；B. shifted转换；C. stopped停止；D. focused专注。根据“from environmental pollution prevention to village history.”可知，此处指他们的话题发生的转换。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，几个邻居加入我们，带着耙子和铲子。A. questioned询问；B. passed经过；C. greeted问候；D. joined加入。根据“equipped with rakes (耙子) and shovels.”可知，邻居带着工具前来，显然是加入清理工作。故选D。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第五天，一件令人惊叹的事情发生了 —— 蝴蝶在清理干净的水域上空飞舞，翅膀像逼真的宝石一样闪耀。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. awful可怕的；C. accidental偶然的；D. amused被逗乐的。根据下文“butterflies 12 over the cleaned stretch, their wings sparkling (闪耀) like living jewels. ”可知，蝴蝶的出现是令人惊叹的事情。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第五天，一件令人震惊的事情发生了 —— 蝴蝶在清理干净的水域上空飞舞，翅膀像逼真的宝石一样闪耀。A. crawled爬行；B. swam游泳；C. flew飞翔；D. dived潜水。根据“their wings sparkling (闪耀) like living jewels”可知，此处是指蝴蝶飞舞的动作。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：村民们向河里投放了许多小鱼。A. butterflies蝴蝶；B. fish鱼；C. birds鸟；D. dragonflies蜻蜓。根据“the tiny creature swam through the clear water”推知，村民向河里投放了小鱼。故选B。 29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当这些小生物在清澈的水中游动时，我突然意识到，保护环境就是保护我们自己，环境修复需要团队合作和持续的努力。A. unexpectedly意外地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. suddenly突然地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“As the tiny creature swam through the clear water, ”可知，此处指作者看着游泳的小鱼，突然明白了“保护环境就是保护人类自己，以及环境修复需要团队合作持续努力”这个道理。故选C。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这些小生物在清澈的水中游动时，我突然意识到，保护环境就是保护我们自己，环境修复需要团队合作和持续的努力。A. imagination想象力；B. thought想法；C. dream梦想；D. effort努力。根据“team work”并结合上文提到作者和李女士，以及村民努力清理小河里的垃圾可知，此处指环境修复需要持续的努力。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末） In a sunny town, there was a girl named Veronika. She was passionate about science. One Saturday, Veronika had an exciting idea. She wanted to 31 the tide pools at the beach. Veronika 32 her friend Lisa and shared her plan. Lisa, always up for an 33 , thought it sounded like a brilliant idea. She invited her friends and they all agreed to 34 at the beach. Veronika arrived with a small backpack filled with 35 tools: a magnifying (放大) glass, a notebook, a camera, and even a waterproof case for her phone. She also brought a collection of identification charts for 36 types of marine (海洋的) creatures. Her friends couldn’t wait to see what they would 37 . As they reached the beach, they noticed that the tide was 38 , revealing the rocky tide pools that Veronika wanted to explore. The group 39 their way over, and Veronika led the way, explaining how the tide 40 were like underwater gardens filled with unique marine life. Lisa, who had never explored these before, was amazed by the diversity of life 41 within these rocky pools. As the day 42 , they discovered more fascinating marine life. They learned about the 43 of tide pools as nurseries for many oceans species and how these weak ecosystems needed to be 44 . When they finished exploring, they returned to their beach towers, where they shared stories of their discoveries and cried at the wonders of 45 . 31．A．visit B．clean C．explore D．protect 32．A．missed B．called C．kept D．helped 33．A．adventure B．experiment C．explanation D．advantage 34．A．camp B．meet C．swim D．work 35．A．design B．development C．science D．game 36．A．different B．quiet C．particular D．ideal 37．A．make B．appreciate C．discover D．buy 38．A．strong B．early C．red D．low 39．A．changed B．chose C．made D．showed 40．A．lines B．pools C．movements D．cycles 41．A．wasted B．followed C．lost D．hidden 42．A．came back B．ran away C．drew near D．went on 43．A．importance B．history C．culture D．society 44．A．protected B．managed C．introduced D．created 45．A．universe B．nature C．technology D．human 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．D 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了热爱科学的女孩Veronika与朋友去探索潮汐池，发现海洋生物的多样性，并认识到保护这一脆弱的生态系统的重要性，最终感叹自然的奇妙。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想探索海滩上的潮汐池。A. visit拜访，参观；B. clean打扫；C. explore探索；D. protect保护。根据后文的“revealing the rocky tide pools that Veronika wanted to explore”可知，Veronika想要探索潮汐池。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Veronika打电话给她的朋友丽莎，分享了她的计划。A. missed想念；B. called打电话；C. kept保持；D. helped帮助。根据后文的“shared her plan”可推知，Veronika打电话给朋友分享她的计划。故选B项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽莎总是喜欢冒险，她觉得这听起来是个好主意。A. adventure冒险；B. experiment实验；C. explanation解释；D. advantage优势。根据前文的“One Saturday, Veronika had an exciting idea. She wanted to ____1____the tide pools at the beach. Veronika ____2____ her friend Lisa and shared her plan”和后文的“thought it sounded like a brilliant idea”可知，Veronika想去探索潮汐池，打电话和丽莎分享她的计划，丽莎认为这是一个非常棒的想法，由此可推知，丽莎喜欢冒险。故选A项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请了她的朋友，他们都同意在海滩见面。A. camp露营；B. meet见面；C. swim游泳；D. work工作。根据后文的“As they reached the beach”可知，他们约好了在海滩见面。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Veronika带着一个装满科学工具的小背包来了：一个放大镜、一本笔记本、一台相机，甚至还有一个手机防水套。A. design设计；B. development发展；C. science科学；D. game游戏。根据后文的“a magnifying glass, a notebook, a camera, and even a waterproof case for her phone”可知，Veronika带来的是一个装满科学工具的背包。故选C项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还带来了一系列不同类型海洋生物的识别图。A. different不同的；B. quiet安静的；C. particular特别的；D. ideal理想的。根据后文的“many oceans species”可知，海洋生物是多种多样的，她带来的是不同类型的海洋生物识别图。故选A项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的朋友们迫不及待地想看看他们会发现什么。A. make制作；B. appreciate欣赏，感激；C. discover发现；D. buy买。根据后文的“they discovered more fascinating marine life”可知，他们想知道会发现什么。故选C项。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们到达海滩时，他们注意到潮水很低，露出了Veronika想要探索的岩石潮汐池。A. strong强$