内容正文:
反意疑问句:一正一反秒懂回应
语法
中职英语
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目录
01.
含义初探
02.
结构公式
03.
04.
05.
回答套路
06.
总结回顾
终极闯关
特例全攻略
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Lead
in
反意疑问句
Our car is quite small, isnt it?
Oh, the picnic! Daddy pig! Youve left the picnic in the car, havent you?
Oh, daddy pig, we are lost, arent we?
Yes, you do like carrots, dont you?
Hes quite big, isnt he?
Mr skinny legs is big, isnt he?
You are not scared, are you?
Oh no, of course not.
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01
含义初探
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什么是反意疑问句
反意疑问句的语调变化可以传达不同的情感。如果语调上升,通常表示疑问或不确定;
如果语调下降,则可能表示一种肯定或强调。
定义:反意疑问句是一种特殊的问句形式,用于确认信息、表达惊讶或寻求认同。
Pikachu’s ears are big and cute, aren’t they?
For example:
Ice cream is sweet, isn’t it?
语调与情感
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结构公式
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反意疑问句结构
它由两部分组成:前半部分是一个陈述句,后半部分是一个简短的疑问句。
即陈述句+逗号+简短的疑问句+问号
两种形式:前肯后否、前否后肯
例句解析
We are going to the new internet cafe this weekend, arent we?
This spicy hot pot smells amazing, doesnt it?
The teacher didnt notice we were sleeping, did she?
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助动词规则
反意疑问句的结构取决于陈述句中的助动词。
We can speak English, can we?
You don’ t like coffee, do you?
如果陈述句中没有助动词,则需要根据主语和时态借用do/does/did
They like chocolate, don’ t they?
He bought the book yeaterday, didn’t he?
随堂跟练
1. Your sister works in a hospital, ______ she?
2. They went to the new shopping mall yesterday, ______ they?
3. You have finished your homework already, ______ you?
答案:1. doesnt 2. didnt 3. havent
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反问部分的代词必须与陈述句的主语保持一致。例如,The students are studying, arent they? 中的 they 指代的是 The students,确保了主谓一致。
You dont like coffee, do you?
She can never finish it on time, can she?
代词一致性
随堂跟练
1. Your sister likes swimming, doesnt ______?
2.The students played basketball, didnt ______?
3. We are waiting for the bus, arent ______?
答案:1. she 2. they 3. we
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特例全攻略
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指示代词作主语
规则说明
当陈述句的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句主语用it;如果是these或those,则用they。例如 This is a beautiful painting, isnt it? 和 These are interesting books, arent they?
例句展示
This robot can clean the house, isnt it? 这里的 isn’ t it是根据 This robot 来确定的。
Those flowers are from the garden, aren’ t they? 这里的 aren’ t they 是根据 Those flowers 来确定的。
填空练习
1. This is a new smartphone, ____?
2. Those are historical sites, ____?
答案:isnt it;aren’ t they
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指人不定代词
规则说明
当陈述句的主语是everyone、someone、nobody等指人不定代词时,反意疑问句用they。例如,Everyone knows the answer, don’ t they?
例句展示
例如,Someone left their bag here, didn’ t they? 这里的 didn’ t they 是根据 Someone 来确定的。再如,Nobody wants to leave early, do they? 这里的 do they 是根据 Nobody 来确定的。
填空练习
1. Someone called you just now, ____?
2. Everyone is excited about the trip, ____?
答案:didn’ t they;aren’ t they
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指物不定代词
规则说明
当陈述句的主语是everything、something、nothing等指物不定代词时,反意疑问句用it。例如,Nothing is impossible, is it?
例句展示
例如,Something is wrong with the machine, isn’ t it? 这里的 isn’ t it 是根据 Something 来确定的。再如,Everything is ready, isn’ t it? 这里的 isn’ t it 是根据 Everything 来确定的。
填空练习
1. Everything is clear now, ____?
2. Something is missing, ____?
答案:isnt it;isn’ t it
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There be句型
规则说明
当陈述句是There be句型时,反意疑问句用be动词+there。例如,There is a cat under the table, isn’ t there?
例句展示
例如,There were many people at the concert, weren’ t there? 这里的 weren’ t there 是根据 There were 来确定的。再如,There will be a meeting tomorrow, won’ t there? 这里的 won’ t there 是根据 There will be 来确定的。
填空练习
填空题:1. There were some cookies in the jar, ____?
2. There will be a new movie release, ____?
答案:weren’ t there;won’ t there
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否定含义的副词
规则说明
当陈述句中包含never、few、hardly、seldom、nobody等否定副词,或带有unhappy、dislike等否定前缀的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。例如,Few people know the secret, do they?
例句展示
例如,Hardly anyone speaks French here, do they? 这里的 do they 是根据 Hardly anyone 来确定的。再如,She is unhappy with the result, is she? 这里的 is she 是根据 is unhappy 来确定的。
填空练习
1. Nobody likes to be late, ____?
2. He seldom goes to the gym, ____?
答案:do they;does he
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祈使句反问
规则说明
祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you或won’ t you。例如,Close the door, will you? 表示一种请求。
例句展示
例如,Lets go to the park, shall we? 这里的 shall we 是用于建议的反问形式。再如,Dont touch the hot surface, will you? 这里的 will you 是用于禁止的反问形式。
填空练习
1. Please turn off the light, ____?
2. Lets have a coffee break, ____?
答案:will you;shall we
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回答套路
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Yes or No看事实
回答原则
反意疑问句的回答应根据事实来选择Yes或No,而不是根据问句的表面形式。尤其要注意前否后肯的反意疑问句的回答,与中文的“对/不对” 有所不同,需要特别注意。
例句展示
前肯后否型:He has been to Paris, hasnt he?
回答应为:Yes, he has.(是的,他去过)
No, he hasn’t. (不,他没去过)
前否后肯型:You don’t like spicy food, do you?
回答应为:No, I don’t. (是的,我不喜欢)
Yes, I do(不,我喜欢)
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根据实际情况将回答补充完整
答案:1. Yes 2. No 3. Yes 4. Yes 5. Yes
反意疑问句的回答专项练习
1. It's going to rain soon, isn't it?
________, it is. Look at those dark clouds!
2. You don't have my pen, do you?
________, I don't. It's in your own pencil case.
3. She didn't pass the math exam, did she?
________, she did! She got 75 points!
4. We are leaving at 8 o'clock, aren't we?
________, we are. Don't be late!
5. They can't sing this English song, can they?
________, they can. They practiced it yesterday.
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总结回顾
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自主回忆与总结
反 意 疑 问 句
含义:
结构
特例
回答:
反意疑问句是一种特殊的_____,用于_____、_____或_____。
_____+逗号+_____
_____、_____
指示代词作主语
祈使句
含有否定含义的词
there be 句型
指物的不定代词作主语
指人的不定代词作主语
反意疑问句主语用_____或_____
反意疑问句主语用_____
反意疑问句主语用_____或_____
________
反意疑问句主语用_____
反意疑问句主语用_____或_____
__________。
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思维导图速览
反 意 疑 问 句
含义:
结构
特例
回答:
反意疑问句是一种特殊的问句形式,用于确认信息、表达惊讶或寻求认同。
陈述句+逗号+简短的疑问句
前肯后否、前否后肯
指示代词作主语
祈使句
含有否定含义的词
there be 句型
指物的不定代词作主语
指人的不定代词作主语
反意疑问句主语用it或they
反意疑问句主语用it
反意疑问句主语用he或they
前否后肯
反意疑问句主语用there
反意疑问句主语用shall we或will you
根据事实来选择Yes或No
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终极闯关
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十道选择题验收
1.Few people were late yesterday, ________?
A.weren’t they B.wasn’t he C.were they D.do they
2.Your sister seldom stays up late to finish homework on weekdays, ________?
A.does she B.doesn’t she C.is she D.isn’t she
3.Don’t make so much noise, ________?
A.will you B.shall you C.do you D.won’t you
4.Let us play basketball, ________?
A.do we B.shall we C.will you D.do you
5.There will be a volleyball match in our school, ________?
A.be there B.is there C.will there D.won’t there
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6.He has never visited the Great Wall, ?
A.has he B.hasn’t he C.does he D.doesn’t he
7.Kate’s little dog rarely barks at people, ________?
A.does it B.doesn’t it C.has it D.hasn’t it
8.— You didn’t come to school by bike today, did you?
— ________. It’s broken.
A.Yes, I did B.No, I didn’t C.Yes, I didn’t D.No, I did
9.She doesn’t think she should be responsible for the mistake, ________?
A.should she B.shouldn’t she C.does she D.doesn’t she
10.The movie that we saw last evening was quite interesting, ________?
A.wasn’t it B.was it C.didn’t we D.weren’t we
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习题答案与解析
1.C
【详解】句意:昨天几乎没人迟到,是吗?few表示否定含义,反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯”;主语few people用they指代,时态为一般过去时,所以用“were they”。故选C。
2.A
【详解】句意:你姐姐在工作日很少熬夜完成作业,是吗?反意疑问句中,若陈述部分含有seldom、hardly、never、rarely、few、little等否定意义的词汇时,其反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式;陈述部分谓语动词为stays,为实义动词且为第三人称单数形式,所以反意疑问句部分应借助助动词does。故选A。
3.A
【详解】句意:不要制造这么多噪音,好吗?在祈使句的反意疑问句中,如果祈使句是否定形式,即“Don’t +动词原形”,那么反意疑问句部分通常用“will you”。故选A。
4.C
【详解】句意:我们打篮球吧,好吗?当祈使句以Let us开头时,反意疑问句要用“will you”。故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:我们学校将会有一场排球比赛,不是吗?分析句子的结构可知,该句为there be的反意疑问句,其结构为:be动词/助动词/情态动词+there,且遵循“前否后肯,前肯后否”的原则,根据“There will be a volleyball match in our school”为肯定,设空处为否定,助动词为won’t。故选D。
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6.A
【详解】句意:他从来没有参观过长城,对吗?分析句子可知,此处是反意疑问句,反意疑问句的规则是前否后肯,前肯后否。句中never是表示否定意义的词,所以陈述部分为否定形式,疑问部分要用肯定形式。陈述部
7.A
【详解】句意:凯特的小狗很少对人叫,是吗?反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯”原则,rarely表否定含义,反意疑问部分用肯定句问;陈述部分为一般现在时,谓语动词是实义动词“barks”,故助动词用does;主语“Kate’s little dog”是单数,用it指代,所以疑问部分用“does it”。故选A。
8.B
【详解】句意:——你今天不是骑自行车来学校的吗?——不,我没有。它坏了。根据“It’s broken.”可知,说明实际情况是“没有骑自行车来学校”,反意疑问句的否定回答结构为“No, 主语+助动词否定形式”。故选B。
9.C
【详解】句意:她认为她不应该为这个错误负责,是吗?当主句的主语是第一人称,且谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose 等时,反意疑问句要根据从句来定;但当主句主语不是第一人称时,反意疑问句要根据主句来定。本句主句主语是she,不是第一人称,主句谓语是“doesn’t think”,所以反意疑问句用“does she”。故选C。
10.A
【详解】句意:我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很有趣,不是吗?分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句。当陈述句部分为主从复合句时,反意疑问句部分应和主句保持一致,根据“前肯后否”原则和主句主语“The movie”和谓语“was”可知,此处应用wasn’t it。故选A。
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