Unit 6 Mobile Phones and Our Lifes-定语从句 1（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）

定语从句 ——关系代词 《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版） Unit 6 Mobile Phones and Our Lifes语法 导 入 目 录 一、 什么定语 二、定语从句的定义 三、关系代词引导的定语从句 四、定语从句的分类(及特殊考点) 五、巩固练习 什么是定语 定义：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词。 种类：名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式 （短语）、分词、定语从句等……相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 a blue pen. the greatest writer alive the street full of cars the weather here I’m Bear Brown who has a lot of friends. pupils returning from school a big family to support the language spoken 找出定语 I’m a cute bear. cute 形容词前置 I’m a bear standing on a ball. standing on a ball 现在分词短语后置 I like potato chips. potato 名词作定语 I’m a bear in a hoodie. 介词短语后置 in a hoodie 数词前置 I have a lot of friends. a lot of 什么是定语从句 You are the one who set it up. 观察下列句子结构，你发现了什么？ 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 先行词 + 关系词 + 陈述句 主句部分 从句部分 主从复合句 什么是定语从句 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词。 This is a pen which is blue. 关系词： 1. 连接作用（连接主句、从句） 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 关系代词在从句中充当主语或者宾语。 关系代词后的谓语动词，即从句的谓语动词，应与主句的主语保持一致。 主要有以下几个词： who, that, whom, whose, which 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 whose 人/物 定语 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 注：一般在先行词为物体的时候，that和which都可以互换。 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作主语 例：Tom was not on the bus _____ arrived just now. which that 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作宾语 例：Is this the pen _____ you bought yesterday? which 不填 that 定语从句 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 1. 先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。 eg. I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 定语从句 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 2. 先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 eg. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. eg. The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 定语从句 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 3. 当先行词被the very/only/same/last 修饰时： eg. The only thing that matters is to find our way home. 定语从句 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 4. 先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 eg. They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 定语从句 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 5. 当先行词前有who,which等疑问代词时： eg. Which is the T-shirt that fits me the most? 定语从句 只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况 1. 介词前置时，关系代词只能用which： eg. The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 定语从句 只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况 2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用which eg. She failed the exam, which made her parents very angry. 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 例：I met a boy ___ is a student. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作主语 who 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 例：I saw a girl ____ I met before. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作宾语 whom who 不填 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句 只用whom不用who引导定语从句的情况 介词前置时，关系代词只能用whom： eg. The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp. eg. In our class there are 38 students, of whom half wear glasses. 定语从句 whose 引导定语从句 1. whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 eg. Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful? eg. I lived in Chongqing whose hot pot is delicious. 定语从句 whose 引导定语从句 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”来代替。 eg. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. eg. I'd like a room, the window of which looks out over the sea. eg. I'd like a room, of which the window looks out over the sea. 定语从句分类 定语从句 1. 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义，这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 eg. She has found the necklace that she lost 2 years ago. eg. This is the man who came to see you yesterday. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句分类 定语从句 2. 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切， 只是对先行词作附加的说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 来引导。 eg. Yesterday, I met Li Ping, who seemed to be busy. eg. They went to London，where they lived for six months. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句 注意 一、定语从句中的主谓一致 1. 关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 She is one of the students who study hard in our class. The girl who is standing there is my sister. 定语从句 注意 二、先行词为way 1. 当先行词是way，且意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。（关系词在从句中必须作状语） The way that/which works best for me is to practice daily.（关系词 that/which作从句主语，指代way） This is the way (that/in which) he solved the problem.（关系词 that 作状语，表方式） 2. 当先行词是way，若关系词作主语/宾语，则需用 that/which（作宾语时可省略），遵循普通定语从句的规则。 定语从句 （1）一看先行词指人还是物 指人：that,who, whose, whom 指物：that, which, whose （2）二看句中作何用 定语 whose（人/物） 主语 who(人), which（物）, that（人/物） 宾语 who/whom(人), which（物）, that（人/物） （3）看是否是特殊情况 1．A clock is a machine tells people the time. 2．The panda is a kind of animal can be found in China. 3．April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 4．Where is the woman watch was stolen yesterday? 5．The woman you visited last week is a famous writer. 巩固练习 一、用who、whom、whose、which或that填空。 that/which that/which which/that whose who/whom/that 巩固练习 二、单选题 1．The hero in my heart is the one ______ spreads ideas to encourage the people in need. A．where B．that C．which D．whom 2．The Greens met with lots of things ________ interested them on their journey. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 3．We were encouraged by the speech ________ was given by the expert. A．who B．which C．what 4．I really like the girl ________ hair is blond. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 5．Lionel Messi is a great football star ________ talent in sports surprises me a lot. A．who B．that C．whose D．what Summary 一、 什么定语 二、定语从句的定义 三、关系代词引导的定语从句 四、定语从句的分类(及特殊考点) Thanks EV录屏3.9.7软件录制 Lavf56.38.102 本视频由湖南一唯信息科技开发的EV录屏软件录制，www.ieway.cn $