Unit 3 Topic 2 Section D 课件 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版（2012）英语九年级上册

恐怕连小孩都知道牛和牛肉的英文是不一样的，表示动物的牛叫做cow，而牛肉则是beef。在国外餐厅点牛肉，你肯定要说beef，而不能说cow，除非你被告知牛肉卖完了。那为什么牛和牛肉的英文说法区别这么大呢？这还得从英语的起源说起。虽然说英语诞生于英国，但是古代欧洲并没有非常清晰的国家的概念，经常是一个国家的公爵跑到另外一个国家当国王。比如英国的第一个王朝诺曼王朝，就是来自法国的诺曼底公爵威廉一世建的。此后英国的金雀花王朝的国王也都是法国人。于是乎不断有法国的贵族搬到英国生活，渐渐的在英国就形成了两套语言体系，国王、贵族、上流社会都说法语french，而普通老百姓则说盎格鲁萨克逊and sex。但这两个阶层总不能不交流吧，于是是呢英语和法语也慢慢的交融在一起，但是还是有所区分。比如法国魅族带来的那些上流社会的生活方式，都用法语词来描述，诸如政治、军事、法律、艺术、美食等等。而那些粗俗的事物，比如吃喝拉撒等生活用语，则用盎格鲁萨克逊语来描述。给你几秒钟时间猜一下下面哪些词来自于法语，royal houses, army tree literature、battle design. 好，公布答案。只有house、房子、tree树是本土英语，而royal王室、army、军队、literature、文学、battle、战斗design设计都来自于法语。说白了高级点的概念都是来自于法语，而不那么高级的概念都是本土。再回到一开始提到的牛的问题，cow这个词指的是养在牛棚里的牛，这属于家畜，不是那么高级，对吧？所以要用原声英语cow来描述。而牛被屠宰后，经过大厨烹饪，最后成为餐桌上的一道美食，就要用beef了。毫无疑问这是一个法语词。对了，作为食物的牛排、steak同样来自于法语。除了牛，其他很多词也有同样的规律。比如表示动物的猪pig是本土英语，而猪肉叫pork，来自于法语。表示动物的羊叫sheep，本土英语，而羊肉则被称为mutton，来自法语。表示动物的鹿叫dear本土英语，而餐桌上的鹿肉就要被称为vanny，来自法语。英语从某种程度而言，已经成为了global language世界通用语了。比如一个中国人去日本旅游，不会说日语没有关系，因为你可以用英语跟日本当地人实现简单交流。这一局面的形成除了跟英美国家的全球扩张有关，还跟英语的拿来主义的特点有关。比如英语原本没有海啸，就借来了日语中的词tsunami。英语中原本没有咖啡，就从土耳其寄来了coffee。英语中原本没有孔子，就从汉语中借来了confusion。所以，英语称为global language不是没有道理，因为生命力永远在于包容和吸收，而非排斥和打压。 Unit 3 English Around the World Topic 2 Some things usually have different meanings in different cultures. Section D Learning aims 一、掌握以下单词:British, pronunciation, kowtow等。 二、通过阅读了解有关英美语言文化差异的基本情况。 三、能够根据不同的阅读目的运用阅读策略获取信息,如猜测段落大意、 略读、寻读等,培养“读”的语言能力。 Read through Sections A-C and fill in the blanks with the correct words. Grammar Showing the Future by Present Continuous I’m flying to Disneyland. He is going to London next Sunday. My uncle is meeting us tomorrow When is Bob going to London? Functions What’s up? No need to worry. Excuse me, could you please give a a ride to the airport? Whenever you need help, send me an e-mail or call me. 现在进行时 be doing eg: We are having an English class now. 我们现在正在上英语课。 表示动作正在进行 现在进行时表将来 现在进行时可以表示_, 通常指的是_要发生的动作,常带一个表示将来的_。但是,有明确的上下文时,则无需指出时间。 将来 按计划 时间标志词 现在进行时表将来 这种现在进行时比较生动,给人一种期待感。 1. 现在进行时态表将要发生的动作,多用于一些位移动词,如:arrive, come, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, start, stay 等等。 (1) I’m going. 我要走了。 (2) I'm coming. 我要来了。 (3) When are you leaving for? 你什么时候动身? 2. 也可用于一些表“活动安排”“短期计划”的动词,这些动词含有可提 前规划的属性。如:meet, play, work, do, give, have, visit等 (1) I’m meeting you after class. 课后我找你。 (2) What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期你打算干什么? (3) She is buying a new bike soon. 她不久将买一辆新自行车。 1. 我明天就离开了。 2. 寒假就要来了。 3. 王先生后天飞去日本。 4. 你什么时候将登机去加拿大? Practice I'm leaving tomorrow. The winter holiday is coming. Mr. Wang is flying to Japan the day after tomorrow. When are you boarding to Canada? need to worry What's up What time is your flight Whenever you need help Could you please give me a ride Project Dealing With Wang Junfeng’s Difficulties Dear Michael, How are you doing? I’m writing to you from California. I want to know some differences between British English and American English, especially in expressions, because I have difficulty in understanding the people here. Sometimes I can’t follow them. Even worse, I can’t understand some of their body language and spelling. Best wishes to you and your family! Yours, Wang Junfeng Project Dealing With Wang Junfeng’s Difficulties 1. Read the letter and find out Wang Junfeng’s difficulties in English communication. A. Expressions B. Body language C. Accent D. Spelling 2. Discuss how to deal with Wang Junfeng’s difficulties. 3. Help Michael write back to him. √ √ √ Pay more attention to the cultural differences when we are learning English. 回信目的(知悉困难+有法解决) 具体方法(观点清晰+具体做法) 鼓励+相信 1a Read the passage and put the sentences in the correct places. It is possible to tell whether a person is American or British by listening to his or her speech. Now, English is the language spoken by most people in countries like Canada, America, and Australia. They also borrowed “tofu” and “kowtow” from Chinese. Sometimes different people use different words to mean the same thing. 1b Read 1a again and mark T/F. 1. English is the language spoken by most people in Canada, America and Australia. ( ) 2. The English language has changed little in the past few centuries. ( ) 3. American English is totally different from British English. ( ) 4. It’s possible for people from English-speaking countries to understand each other in English. ( ) T T F F Paragraph 1 English is spoken by people in many places. It began in England but spread as the British people left their country and made new homes. Now, English is the language spoken by most people in countries like Canada, America and Australia. Paragraph 2 After many years, the English language began to change. The changes were mainly expressions and spellings. Sometimes different people use different words to mean the same thing. People in England say "underground" while people in America say "subway". In America an elevator starts on the first floor, but in Britain it starts on the ground floor. In America , an elevator starts on the first floor, but in Britain it starts on the ground floor. the first floor the ground floor the second floor the first floor the second floor the third floor elevator lift different expressions Paragraph2 "Colour" and "centre" are British spellings while "color" and "center" are American spellings for the same words. Pronunciation of words and ways of speaking have changed as well. It is possible to tell whether a person is American or British by listening to his or her speech. colour color centre center learnt learned favourite favorite neighbour neighbor different expressions Paragraph 3-4 The English language has also changed by borrowing words from other languages. The Americans borrowed "cent" from old French and "cookbook" from German. They also borrowed “tofu” and “kowtow” from Chinese. The English language is changing all the time, but people from English-speaking countries are still able to understand each other. borrow words cent cookbook tofu kowtow It's possible for us to get there on time if we hurry up. I konw a little about Chinese, but I have difficulties in communicating with people here. There are some differences between British English and American English in pronunciation and spellings. Kelvin is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow and his friends will see him off. We learn: We can: Summary Some words: British, kowtow, expression, spelling, elevator, pronunciation, cent, ... 2. Some phrases: on the first floor, on the ground floor, as well, all the time 3. Some sentences: (1) In America an elevator starts on the first floor, but in Britain it starts on the ground floor. (2) Pronunciation of words and ways of speaking have changed as well. 1. Show the future by present continuous. 2. Tell more about the history of English language. Thank you ! 104204.805 Lavf60.4.100 vid:v0300fg10000c6mvgijc77u6g377gd2g $