Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解- 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级上册

2025-11-21
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摘要:

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过结构化框架系统梳理了Unit 8的重点单词与短语,涵盖词性转换、核心搭配及语境例句,如“advise”的“advise sb. to do sth.”搭配、“choice”的“have no choice but to do”句型等,形成清晰的知识脉络,突出重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义的亮点在于即时演练的多样化设计,包括首字母填空(如“She heard a loud noise and quickly ran to a______ the thief”)、语境选择题及汉译英(如“她希望将来在大城市里长大”),助力学生夯实语言基础并提升运用能力,分层练习兼顾不同水平学生,为教师实施精准复习教学提供有效支持。

内容正文:

Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解 1. attack attack v. 袭击;攻击 搭配:launch an attack(发动攻击) under attack(受攻击)。 例句:The dog attacked the postman.(狗袭击了邮递员。) His speech attacked the government's policies.(他的演讲抨击了政府政策。) · 即时演练 (1) She heard a loud noise and quickly ran to a______ the thief. 2. faithful faithful adj. 忠实的;忠诚的 词性转换:faithfully(adv. 忠诚地) faithfulness(n. 忠诚) faith (n. 信任;忠诚) 例句:She remained faithful to her husband for 30 years.(她对丈夫忠诚30年。) · 即时演练 (2) The old dog remained f______ to its owner until the end. (3) A dog is a __________ animal and it can be a good friend of humans. A. faithful B. magic C. unlikely D. responsible 3. hold hold v. 抱着;拿着 hold除“抱/拿”外,还可表示“举行(活动)”“容纳”“保持(状态)”。 【注意】过去式和过去分词形式:hold 例句:Hold my hand while we cross the street.(过马路时牵着我的手。) We’ll hold a meeting tomorrow.(我们明天开会。) The bottle holds 500ml of water.(这个瓶子装500毫升水。) Hold your breath for 10 seconds.(屏住呼吸10秒。) · 即时演练 (4) He h______ his little sister's hand while crossing the street. 4. responsible responsible adj. 可信任的;可信赖的 词性转换:irresponsible(adj. 不负责任的) responsibility ( n. 责任;负责) 搭配:be responsible for(对…负责)。 例句:He is responsible for the project’s success.(他对项目的成功负责。) · 即时演练 (5) As a class monitor, she is very r______ for organizing activities. 5. awake awake adj. 醒着 词性转换:wake(v. 唤醒) woke (wake的过去式); woken(wake的过去分词) 搭配:stay awake(保持清醒) fall asleep(入睡) 例句:I was still awake at 2 a.m.(凌晨2点我还醒着。) · 即时演练 (6) Though it was midnight, she was still a______ to study for the exam. 6. flat flat n. 公寓 英式英语常用flat,美式英语多用 apartment。 例句:They rent a flat in central London.(他们在伦敦市中心租了一套公寓。) 7. choice choice n. 选择 词性转换:choose (v. 选择) 核心搭配:make a choice(做选择) have no choice(别无选择) have no choice but to do(别无选择只能做…) 例句:You have two choices: leave or stay.(你有两个选择:离开或留下。) · 即时演练 (7) There was no c______ but to cancel the trip due to bad weather. 8. advise advise v. 劝告;建议 词性转换:advice(n. 建议) adviser(n. 顾问)。 搭配:advise doing sth.(建议做某事) advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事) 例句:I advise taking a break.(我建议休息一下。) · 即时演练 (8) My parents always a______ me to finish homework before playing games. 9. cause cause v. 引起;造成;导致 搭配:cause sb. to do sth. (导致某人做某事)。 cause damage/trouble(造成损害/麻烦)。 例句:The storm caused power outages.(暴风雨导致停电。) · 即时演练 (9) Careless driving c______ many traffic accidents every year. 10. complain complain v. 抱怨;投诉 词性转换:complaint(n. 抱怨/投诉)。 搭配:complain about/of sth.(抱怨某事) complain to sb. about sth.(向某人投诉某事)。 例句:She complained to the waiter about the cold food.(她向服务员抱怨食物凉了。) · 即时演练 (10) She always c______ about the heavy homework. (11) She __________ that the service in the hotel was too slow. A. advised B. caused C. complained D. relieved 11. litter litter 可以作动词,也可以作名词。 ① n. 垃圾 例句: Please don’t leave litter in the park.(请别在公园留垃圾。) ② v. 乱扔 例句:It’s illegal to litter.(乱扔垃圾是违法的。) · 即时演练 (12) Please pick up the l______ you threw on the beach. 12. unlikely unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 词性转换:likely(adj. 可能的) like(v. 喜欢 prep. 像) 搭配:be unlikely to do(不大可能做某事)。 例句:He’s unlikely to arrive on time.(他不大可能准时到。) · 即时演练 (13) It's u______ that we'll see snow in this tropical country. (14) It's __________ for him to come to the party because he is ill. A. faithful B. responsible C. unlikely D. magical 13. relieve relieve v. 方便;解手 relieve oneself 是“解手”的委婉表达。 词性转换: relief (n. 宽慰,轻松) 例句:This medicine will relieve your pain.(这药会缓解你的疼痛。) He relieved himself behind a tree.(他在树后解手。) · 即时演练 (15) Taking a deep breath can r______ your stress during exams. 14. indoors indoors adv. 在室内 词性转换:indoor(adj. 室内的) 对应词:outdoors(adv. 在户外) 例句:It’s too cold to play outdoors—let’s stay indoors.(外面太冷,我们待在室内吧。) · 即时演练 (16) They prefer to play i______ on rainy days. 15. magical magical adj. 有魔力的 词性转换:magic(n. 魔法) magician(n. 魔术师) magically adv. 用魔法地;如魔法般地 例句:The magical forest was filled with talking animals.(魔法森林里有会说话的动物。) · 即时演练 (17) The m______ performance made everyone believe in fairy tales. 16. wealth wealth n. 钱财;财富 词性转换: wealthy adj. 富有的 搭配:a wealth of knowledge(丰富的知识)。 例句:He accumulated great wealth through business.(他通过经商积累了大量财富。) · 即时演练 (18) The billionaire donated most of his w______ to charity. 17. queen queen n. 女王;王后 相关词:king(n. 国王) prince(n. 王子) princess(n. 公主)。 例句:The queen gave a speech on Christmas.(女王在圣诞节发表了演讲。) 18. servant servant n. 仆人;佣人 词性转换: service n. 服务 搭配:public servant(公务员) domestic servant(家政人员) 例句:The public servants are committed to serving the people.(公务员致力于为人民服务。) · 即时演练 (19) The s______ has served the family loyally for decades. 19. pride pride n. 自豪;骄傲 词性转换:proud adj. 自豪的,得意的 搭配:take pride in(以…为傲)。 反义词:shame(n. 羞耻)。 例句:I take pride in my daughter’s achievements.(我为女儿的成就骄傲。) · 即时演练 (20) She takes p______ in her daughter's piano recital. 20. among among prep. 在……中 【注意】:among用于三者或以上的“在…中”,两者之间用 between。 例句:She is the tallest among the girls.(她是女孩中最高的。) · 即时演练 (21) The little girl is sitting a______ her classmates, listening carefully. 21. relationship relationship n. 关系 搭配:build/maintain a relationship(建立/维持关系) interpersonal relationship(人际关系)。 例句:Their relationship has improved since the argument.(争吵后他们的关系改善了。) · 即时演练 (22) The r______ between the two countries has improved recently. 22. grow up 长大;成熟 例句:I grew up in a small village.(我在一个小村庄长大。) · 即时演练 (23) 她希望将来在大城市里长大,那里有很多机会。 She hopes to _________ _______ in a big city where there are many opportunities. 23. care for 照顾;照料;喜欢 care for指“照顾”,相当于take care of 例句:She cares for her elderly mother.(她照顾年迈的母亲。) · 即时演练 (24) 我奶奶每天都会花时间照顾阳台上的花草。 My grandma spends time _________ _______ the flowers and plants on the balcony every day. (25) You should __________ your pet well and make sure it is healthy. A. hold B. care for C. grow up D. complain about 24. in short 总之;简言之 in short用于总结前文,相当于 in a word。 例句:He’s smart, kind, and hardworking—in short, he’s perfect.(他聪明、善良、努力——总之,他很完美。) · 即时演练 (26) 总之,如果我们想实现目标,就得更加努力。 ______ _________, we need to work harder if we want to achieve our goals. 25. have no choice but to do 别无选择;只能… 【注意】but 后接不定式(to do),注意无其他形式。 例句:I had no choice but to accept the offer.(我别无选择,只能接受这个提议。) · 即时演练 (27) 我别无选择,只能接受他的提议,因为我确实需要这笔钱。 I ________ ______ __________ _______ ______ __________ his offer because I really need the money. 26. run free 四处自由走动 例句:The children were allowed to run free in the park.(孩子们可以在公园里自由奔跑。) · 即时演练 (28) 周末时,孩子们喜欢在社区花园里四处自由走动,玩耍嬉戏。 On weekends, children love to _________ _______ in the community garden, playing and laughing. 27. lie around 懒散度日;游手好闲 例句:He lies around all day playing video games.(他整天闲着打游戏。) · 即时演练 (29) 他不想整天懒散度日,所以决定找一份兼职工作来充实生活。 He doesn’t want to _________ _______ all day, so he decides to find a part-time job to enrich his life. 28. complain about 抱怨 同义短语:complain of(更正式)。 例句:They complained about the high prices.(他们抱怨物价高。) · 即时演练 (30) 我的同桌总是抱怨数学题太难,但实际上他只是不够努力。 My deskmate always _________ _________ math problems being too difficult, but in fact he just doesn’t work hard enough. 29. in addition 除…以外(还) in addition相当于 besides。 例句:The hotel is cheap; in addition, it’s near the beach.(这家酒店便宜,而且离海滩近。) · 即时演练 (31) 她不仅会弹钢琴,除此之外,还能说一口流利的法语。 She can play the piano well. _________ _________, she can speak fluent French. 30. catch the eye of somebody 引起某人的注意 例句:The red dress in the window caught my eye.(橱窗里的红裙子吸引了我的注意。) · 即时演练 (32) 橱窗里那条闪亮的粉色连衣裙立刻引起了莉莉的注意。 The shiny pink dress in the window immediately _________ _________ _________ _________ Lily. 参考答案 (1) attack (2) faithful (3) A (4) held (5) responsible (6) awake (7) choice (8) advise (9) causes (10) complains (11) C (12) litter (13) unlikely (14) C (15) relieve (16) indoors (17) magical (18) wealth (19) servant (20) pride (21) among (22) relationship (23) grow up (24) caring for (25) B (26) In short (27) have no choice but to accept (28)run free (29) lie around (30) complains about (31) In addition (32) caught the eye of 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解-   2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解-   2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解-   2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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