Unit 5 重点单词、短语用法讲义- 2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册

2025-11-21
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Unit 5 重点单词、短语用法讲解 1. exchange exchange可作动词,也可作名词。 ① n. 交流 cultural exchange(文化交流) exchange students(交换生) ② v. 交换;交流 exchange ideas(交流想法) exchange gifts (如交换礼物) 例句:We had a cultural exchange with students from Japan.(我们和日本学生进行了一次文化交流。) · 即时演练 (1)The school organized a cultural e______ with students from Japan. 2. nervous nervous adj. 焦虑的;担忧的 词性转换:nervousness (n. 紧张感) 固定搭配:be nervous about(对……感到焦虑) nervously adv. 神经质地;焦急地 例句:She is nervous about tomorrow's English test.(她对明天的英语考试感到焦虑。) · 即时演练 (2)She felt very n______ before the big exam. (3)She felt _______ when she stood on the stage for the first time.​ A. worried​ B. anxious​ C. afraid​ D. nervous​ 3. grateful grateful adj. 感激的 词性转换:gratitude(n. 感激) gratefully adv. 感激地;感谢地 固定搭配:be grateful to sb. for sth.(因某事感激某人) 例句:I'm grateful to my parents for their support.(我感谢父母的支持。) · 即时演练 (4)I am very g______ for your help during the project. 4. chopstick chopstick n. 筷子 固定搭配:use chopsticks(用筷子) a pair of chopsticks(一双筷子) 【注意】chopstick使用时,常用复数形式chopsticks 例句:It's polite to use chopsticks correctly in China.(在中国正确使用筷子是礼貌的。) · 即时演练 (5)In China, people usually eat with c______ at meals. 5. tour tour可作动词,也可作名词。 ① n. 旅行;旅游 固定搭配:go on a tour(去旅行) a tour guide(导游) ② v. 旅行 词性转换:tourist( n. 游客) tourism n. 旅游业;观光业 例句:They went on a tour of the Great Wall last week.(他们上周去长城旅行了。) · 即时演练 (6)They went on a school t______ to the Great Wall last summer. (7)We plan to _______ the historic city this weekend and learn about its culture.​ A. tour​ B. travel​ C. trip​ D. voyage​​ 6. tai chi tai chi n. 太极(拳) 固定搭配:practice tai chi(打太极) 例句:My grandpa practices tai chi every morning.(我爷爷每天早上打太极。) 7. yet yet adv. 尚(未);还;仍 【注意】yet现在完成时的常见标志词,yet一般用于否定句(句末)或疑问句(句末),不可用于肯定句(肯定句用already)。 例句:Have you finished your homework yet?(你作业做完了吗?) He hasn't returned yet.(他还没回来。) · 即时演练 (8)—Have you finished your homework _______? —Yes, I have _______ finished it. A. just; just B. yet; just C. just; yet D. yet; yet 8. independent independent adj. 自主的 词性转换:independence(n. 独立) depend(v. 依赖) dependent( adj. 依赖的) 固定搭配:be independent of/on(不依赖……) 例句:She is an independent girl and can solve problems by herself.(她是个自主的女孩,能自己解决问题。) · 即时演练 (9)She is an i______ thinker and often makes her own decisions. 9. content content 可以作名词,也可以作形容词。 ① n. 内容 固定搭配:the content of...(……的内容) table of contents(目录) the content of the passage(文章内容) ② adj. 满足的 固定搭配:be content with (对……满足) 例句:The content of the book is very interesting.(这本书的内容很有趣。) · 即时演练 (10)The c______ of the book is very interesting and educational. 10. feeling feeling n. 感觉;感情 词性转换: feel(v. 感觉) 固定搭配:have a feeling that...(有……的感觉) hurt one's feelings(伤害感情) 例句:I have a feeling that something bad will happen.(我有种不好的预感。) · 即时演练 (11)I have a strange f______ about this situation—something doesn't seem right. 11. shock 可作动词,也可作名词。 ① n. 震惊;令人震惊的事 ② v. 使震惊 词性转换: shocked(adj. 感到震惊的,);shocking(adj. 令人震惊的,修饰) 固定搭配:be in shock(处于震惊中) shock sb.(使某人震惊) 【注意】shocked一般修饰人,表示“人感到震惊”;shocking一般修饰事物,表示“事物令人震惊”。 例句:The news of his death shocked everyone.(他去世的消息震惊了所有人。) · 即时演练 (12)The news of the accident was a great s______ to everyone. 12. foreign foreign adj. 外国的 词性转换: foreigner(n. 外国人); 固定搭配:foreign country(外国) foreign culture(外国文化) 例句:Learning foreign languages is important.(学外语很重要。) · 即时演练 (13)She is studying f______ languages at university, including French and Japanese. 13. confused confused adj. 糊涂的;迷惑的 词性转换:confuse(v. 使迷惑) confusing(adj. 令人迷惑的) 固定搭配:be confused about(对……迷惑) 【注意】confused一般修饰人,表示“人感到迷惑”;confusing一般修饰事物,表示“事情令人迷惑”。 例句:I'm confused about the math problem.(我对这道数学题感到迷惑。) · 即时演练 (14)The student looked c______ when the teacher explained the math problem. 14. anxious anxious adj. 焦虑的;忧虑的 词性转换:anxiety(n. 焦虑) anxiousness n. 焦急 anxiously adv. 不安地,忧虑地 固定搭配:be anxious about(对……焦虑) be anxious to do(急于做某事) 例句:She is anxious about her son's health.(她为儿子的健康担忧。) · 即时演练 (15)Parents are often a______ about their children's safety at school. (16)The students are _______ to know their exam results, so they keep asking the teacher. A. afraid B. tired C. anxious D. bored 15. phase phase n. 阶段;时期 固定搭配:a new phase(新阶段) go through a phase(经历一个阶段) 例句:This is a critical phase in our research.(这是我们研究的关键阶段。) · 即时演练 (17)The project is in its final p______ before completion. 16. honeymoon honeymoon n. 蜜月 固定搭配:go on a honeymoon(度蜜月) honeymoon period(蜜月期) 例句:They are on their honeymoon in Hawaii.(他们在夏威夷度蜜月。) 17. unfamiliar unfamiliar adj. 陌生的;不熟悉的 词性转换:familiar(adj. 熟悉的) 固定搭配:be unfamiliar with(对……不熟悉) 例句:I'm unfamiliar with the new school rules.(我对新校规不熟悉。) · 即时演练 (18)She felt u______ with the new city and its customs. 18. homesick homesick adj. 想家的 homesick是合成词,是由home和sick合成词 词性转换:home(n. 家) sickness(n. 疾病) sick(adj. 生病的) 固定搭配:feel homesick(想家) be homesick for...(想念……) 例句:She felt homesick when she first arrived in the UK.(她刚到英国时想家。) · 即时演练 (19)After leaving home for university, she often felt h______ during holidays. 19. lonely lonely adj. 孤独的 词性转换:alone adj. 独自的;单独的;孤独的 loneliness(n. 孤独感) 固定搭配:feel lonely(感到孤独) live alone(独自生活) 【注意】alone强调“独自一人”,lonely强调“情感上的孤独”(如lonely but not alone 孤独但不孤单)。 例句:He lives alone but doesn't feel lonely.(他独自生活但不感到孤独。) · 即时演练 (20)The old man lives alone and feels very l______ in his big house. (21)She felt _______ living alone in the big house, even though she had many friends nearby. A. alone B. lonely C. lively D. lovely 20. deal deal可作动词,也可作名词。 ① v. 对付;应付 固定搭配:deal with(处理/解决) deal with problems(解决问题)。 deal with等同于do with,但deal with与how连用,do with与what连用。 ② n. 交易 a big deal (重要的事) a great deal of(大量,后接不可数名词) 例句:How do you deal with stress?(你如何应对压力?) What do you do with the broken bike? = How do you deal with the broken bike?(你如何处理坏自行车?) · 即时演练 (22)She knows how to d______ with difficult situations calmly. (23)The teacher taught the students how to _______ stress during exams.​ A. do with B. deal with C. put up with D. come up with​​ 21. expect expect v. 期待;盼望 词性转换:expectation(n. 期待) 固定搭配:expect to do(期待做某事) expect sb. to do(期待某人做某事) 例句:I expect to visit my grandparents this weekend.(我期待周末去看祖父母。) · 即时演练 (24)We e______ good weather for the picnic this weekend. 22. situation situation n. 情况 固定搭配:in a... situation(处于……情况) assess the situation(评估情况) 例句:We need to adapt to the new situation.(我们需要适应新情况。) · 即时演练 (25)It's important to stay calm in an emergency _______. A. situation B. position C. condition D. location 23. accept accept v. 接受 词性转换:acceptance(n. 接受) 反义词refuse(拒绝) 固定搭配:accept an invitation(接受邀请) accept the fact(接受事实) 例句:She accepted the job offer immediately.(她立即接受了工作邀请。) · 即时演练 (26)She _______ a bunch of flowers from a stranger, but she didn't _______ it.​ A. received; accept B. accepted; C. received; receive D. accepted; accept​ 24. adaptation adaptation n. 适应 词性转换:adapt(v. 适应) adaptive(adj. 适应的) 固定搭配:adaptation to(适应……) adapt to(适应) 注意事项:动词adapt后接“to + 名词/动名词”。 考点:阅读理解中可能考查“”adaptation to the environment(适应环境)。 例句:Adaptation to the new school life takes time.(适应新学校生活需要时间。) 25. Beijing opera 京剧 【注意】专有名词,首字母要大写 例句:My grandpa loves watching Beijing opera.(我爷爷爱看京剧。) · 即时演练 (27)很多外国游客对中国的京剧特别感兴趣,想了解更多关于它的历史。 Many foreign tourists are very interested in Chinese _________ _________ and want to learn more about its history. 26. host family 寄宿家庭 例句:I live with a host family in London.(我和伦敦的寄宿家庭住一起。) · 即时演练 (28)我在英国交换学习时,住的寄宿家庭非常友好,经常带我体验当地文化。 When I studied abroad in England, the _________ _________ I lived with was very friendly and often took me to experience local culture. 27. snake its way 蜿蜒 例句:The path snakes its way through the forest.(小路蜿蜒穿过森林。) 28. culture shock 文化冲击 例句:Many students experience culture shock when studying abroad.(许多留学生经历文化冲击。) · 即时演练 (29)第一次去国外生活时,很多人会因为文化差异而经历文化冲击。 When living abroad for the first time, many people may experience _________ _________ because of cultural differences. 29. feel at home感到舒适自在 固定搭配:make sb. feel at home(让某人别客气)。 例句:The host family made me feel at home.(寄宿家庭让我感到很自在。) · 即时演练 (30)在新学校里,老师和同学的关心让我很快就感到舒适自在了。 The care from teachers and classmates in the new school made me quickly _________ _________ _________. 参考答案 (1)exchange (2)nervous (3)D (4)grateful (5)chopsticks (6)tour (7)A (8)B (9)independent (10)content (11)feeling (12)shock (13)foreign (14)confused (15)anxious (16)C (17)phase (18)unfamiliar (19)homesick (20)lonely (21)B (22)deal (23)B (24)expect (25)A (26)A​ (27)Beijing opera (28)host family (29)culture shock (30)feel at home 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 5 重点单词、短语用法讲义-   2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit 5 重点单词、短语用法讲义-   2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit 5 重点单词、短语用法讲义-   2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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