Unit 6 重点单词、短语用法讲解 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 6重点单词与短语用法，系统梳理25个核心词汇（如author, locate, succeed等）及5个关键短语（如make jokes about, be tired of等）的词性变换、固定搭配与语境应用。通过“词性解析-搭配示例-例句示范-即时演练”的阶梯式学习支架，帮助学生构建从理解到应用的知识脉络。 资料以“讲练结合”为核心特色，每个知识点配套填空、选择、汉译英等多样化即时演练，如“succeed”的词性转换与“succeed in doing sth”搭配练习，助力学生提升语言应用能力。通过对比辨析（如except/except for）和语境化例句，培养思维品质中的分析与迁移能力，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后便于学生自主查漏补缺，强化学习效果。

Unit 6 重点单词、短语用法讲解 1. author author n. 作者；作家 搭配：a famous/best-selling author（著名/畅销书作家） the author of...（...的作者） 例句： The author of Harry Potter is J.K. Rowling.（《哈利·波特》的作者是J.K.罗琳。） · 即时演练 1. The a______ of "To Kill a Mockingbird" is Harper Lee. 2. The __________ of this book is famous for writing historical novels. A. author B. remains C. soldier D. trick 2. remains remains n. 遗迹；遗址 词性变换：remain v.留下，逗留，保持，坚持 搭配：ancient/historical remains（古代/历史遗迹） the remains of...（...的遗迹） 例句： Archaeologists discovered the remains of a 2,000-year-old temple.（考古学家发现了一座2000年前的寺庙遗迹。） · 即时演练 3. Archaeologists discovered ancient Roman r______ in the desert. 3. locate locate v. 把……安置在（或建造于） 词性变换： location n. 位置；地点 搭配：locate sth. in/at...（将...设在...） be located in...（位于...） 例句： The company located its new factory near the river.（公司将新工厂建在河边。） The school is located in the city center.（学校位于市中心。） · 即时演练 4. The new factory is l______ in the industrial zone. 5. The ancient city __________ in the mountains was once a great kingdom. A. located B. emptied C. hidden D. entered 4. soldier soldier n. 士兵 例句： He served as a soldier for five years during the war.（战争期间他当了五年兵。） · 即时演练 6. Many s______ were honored for their bravery in the war. 5. captain captain n. 首领；领导者 搭配：team captain（队长） 例句： The captain led the team to victory in the final match.（队长带领团队在决赛中获胜。） · 即时演练 7. The c______ of the ship gave orders during the storm. 6. empty empty作形容词时表示“无内容物”；作动词时表示“使变空”。 搭配：empty the bottle（倒空瓶子） empty-handed（空手而归） 例句： The classroom was empty after school.（放学后教室空了。） She emptied her bag to find the key.（她倒空包找钥匙。） · 即时演练 8. The fridge was e______ after the party. 9. After we finished all the juice, my mom asked me to throw the ______ cup into the bin. A. empty B. huge C. full D. heavy 7. victory victory n. 胜利；成功 词性变换： victorious adj. 胜利的；获胜的 反义词为defeat（失败）。 搭配：win/achieve a victory（获胜） a decisive victory（决定性胜利） 例句： The team celebrated their victory with a party.（团队用派对庆祝胜利。） · 即时演练 10. The team celebrated their v______ with a championship parade. 8. joke joke 可以作名词，也可以作动词。 ① n. 笑话；玩笑 ② v. 开玩笑 搭配：tell a joke（讲笑话） play a joke on sb.（捉弄某人） joke about sth.（开...的玩笑） 例句： He told a funny joke to make us laugh.（他讲了个搞笑的笑话逗我们笑。） Don’t joke about serious matters.（别拿严肃的事开玩笑。） · 即时演练 11. He told a funny j______ to cheer up his friend. 9. midnight midnight n. 午夜 搭配：at midnight（在午夜） 例句： They arrived home at midnight after the party.（派对结束后他们午夜到家。） · 即时演练 The fireworks display began at m______ on New Year's Eve. 答案：midnight 12. At ______, the sky is very dark and most people are sleeping. A. ruthor B. remains C. midnight D. victory 10. except except prep. 除……之外 搭配：except for...（除了...以外，强调细节） except that...（除了...以外） 例句： Everyone except Tom passed the exam.（除了汤姆，所有人都通过了考试。） · 即时演练 13. __________ everyone else, he didn’t like the movie at all. A. Except B. Therefore C. Within D. Towards 14. This room looks tidy ______ a few books left on the desk. Let’s put them in the bookshelf.​ A. except​ B. except for​ C. besides​ D. beside 11. hide hide v. 藏；隐蔽 注意：过去式hid，过去分词hidden。 搭配：hide from...（躲避...） hide and seek（捉迷藏） 例句： She hid the gift under her bed.（她把礼物藏在床下。） The rabbit hid itself in the bushes.（兔子躲在灌木丛里。） · 即时演练 15. She h______ her phone under the pillow when her parents entered. 16. Lucy’s dad bought a new toy for her birthday, and he ______ it in the closet so she wouldn’t find it early.​ A. unlocked B. hid C. discovered D. fixed 12. secretly secretly adv. 秘密地 词性变换：secret adj. 秘密的 例句： They secretly prepared a surprise party for their teacher.（他们秘密为老师准备了惊喜派对。） · 即时演练 17. He s______ took the cookies from the jar when no one was looking. 13. enter enter v. 进来；进入 搭配：enter the room（进入房间） 例句： He entered the library quietly to avoid disturbing others.（他轻声进入图书馆以免打扰他人。） · 即时演练 18. Please k______ on the door before you e______ the room. 19. The cat entered ______ the house through a kitchen window. A. in B. to C. at D. / 14. succeed succeed v. 达到目的；成功 词性变换：success n. 成功；成就 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地；圆满地 搭配：succeed in doing sth.（成功做某事）。 succeed in life（人生成功） succeed sb. as...（接替某人担任...） 例句： She succeeded in passing the driving test on her first try.（她第一次尝试就通过了驾照考试。） He succeeded in winning the race.（他成功赢得了比赛。） · 即时演练 20. She finally s______ in persuading her parents to let her go. 21. 经过半年的努力，她终于在钢琴比赛中取得了成功。 After six months of hard work, she finally _________ _________ the piano competition. 22. She __________ in passing the exam and felt very happy. A. failed B. succeeded C. entered D. fought 15. trick trick作名词时指“计谋”，常与play搭配；作动词时表示“哄骗”。 搭配：play a trick on sb.（捉弄某人） trick sb. into doing sth.（骗某人做某事） 例句： The boy played a trick on his teacher by hiding her books.（男孩藏了老师的书捉弄她。） · 即时演练 23. The magician used a clever t______ to make the rabbit disappear. 16. fight fight可以作动词，也可以作名词。 ① v. 打仗；战斗 ② n. 打斗；冲突 词性变换： fighter n. 战斗者 过去式和过去分词为fought 搭配：fight for ...（为...而战） fight against/with（与...战斗） 例句： They fought against the enemy to protect their country.（他们为保护国家与敌人战斗。） · 即时演练 24. The soldiers had to f______ hard to defend their country. 17. beat beat作“打败”时，宾语是人或团队；作“敲打”时，宾语是物体。 过去式beat，过去分词beaten 搭配：beat sb.（打败某人） beat the drum（击鼓） 例句： Our team beat the champions in the final.（我们队在决赛中打败了冠军。） He beat the table with his fist.（他用拳头敲桌子。） · 即时演练 25. Our team managed to b______ their rivals in the final match. 26. Our school basketball team worked hard and finally _____ the team from No.5 Middle School in yesterday’s match.​ A. beat B. win C. lose D. watch​ 18. pretend pretend v. 假装；佯装 搭配：pretend to do sth.（假装做某事） 例句： He pretended to be asleep when his mother called him.（妈妈叫他时，他假装睡着了。） · 即时演练 27. She p______ to be happy even though she was sad inside. 19. enemy enemy n. 敌人 搭配：enemy of the state（国家公敌） make an enemy（树敌） 例句： He is my enemy because he betrayed me.（他是我的敌人，因为他背叛了我。） 20. fail fail v. 失败；未能（做到） 词性变换：failure n. 失败；故障 搭配：fail to do sth. （未能做某事） fail the exam（考试不及格） 例句： She failed to finish the project on time.（她未能按时完成项目。） · 即时演练 28. He f______ the exam because he didn't study enough. 29. Tom didn’t prepare for his speech, so he ______ to express his ideas clearly in front of the class.​ A. helped B. failed C. fell D. passed​ 21. therefore therefore adv. 因此；所以 therefore是一个连接副词，用于因果关系，可放句首或句中，后接逗号。 例句： He missed the bus; therefore, he was late for work.（他没赶上公交，因此上班迟到了。） · 即时演练 30. It was raining heavily, t______ we decided to stay home. 31. Lily studies English hard every day; ______, she gets good grades in English tests. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. though​ 22. within within prep. 在（某段时间）之内 搭配：within an hour（一小时内） within reach（触手可及） 例句： The answer is within the text.（答案在课文里。） · 即时演练 32. The package should arrive w______ three days of ordering. 23. fill fill v. （使）充满；（使）装满 搭配：fill...with... （用...装满...） be filled with充满... fill the cup with water（倒满水） be filled with joy（充满喜悦） 例句： She filled the vase with flowers.（她在花瓶里插满花。） · 即时演练 33. The room was f______ with laughter during the party. 24. towards towards prep. 向；朝；对着 towards后接名词或动名词，表示方向。 搭配：walk towards the door（朝门走） move towards peace（走向和平） 例句： They ran towards the finish line.（他们向终点跑去。） · 即时演练 34. She walked t______ the stage to receive her award. 25. attack attack可作动词，也作名词。 ① n. 袭击；攻击 ② v. 攻击 搭配：attack the enemy（攻击敌人） a heart attack（心脏病发作） 例句： The dog attacked the stranger.（狗攻击了陌生人。） · 即时演练 35. The city was under a________ during the war. 36. The captain ordered his men to __________ the enemy at midnight. A. pretend B. fail C. attack D. hide 26. fog fog n. 雾 词性变换：foggy（adj. 多雾的） 搭配：heavy fog（大雾） in the fog（在雾中） 例句： The city was covered in thick fog this morning.（今早城市被浓雾笼罩。） · 即时演练 37. The f____ was so thick that we couldn't see the road ahead. 27. make jokes about 开……的玩笑 例句： They make jokes about his funny haircut.（他们拿他滑稽的发型开玩笑。） · 即时演练 38. 别开我的玩笑了，我知道你只是想活跃气氛。 Don't _________ _________ _________ me. I know you're just trying to liven up the atmosphere. 28. be tired of 厌烦 【注意】of后接名词或动名词，表示“对...感到厌倦”。 例句： I’m tired of listening to the same song.（我听腻了同一首歌。） · 即时演练 39. 我已经厌烦了每天早上挤地铁，想换一种交通方式。 I _________ _________ _________ crowding into the subway every morning and want to change a way of transportation. 40. They were __________ of the long meeting and wanted to leave. A. full B. tired C. jealous D. successful 29. go on board上船/飞机/火车 例句： Passengers should go on board the plane now.（乘客现在应登机。） · 即时演练 41. 游客们需要在十分钟内上船，否则船就要开了。 The tourists need to _________ _________ _________ the boat in ten minutes, or it will leave. 30. be jealous of 嫉妒 例句： She is jealous of her friend’s new car.（她嫉妒朋友的新车。） · 即时演练 42. 不要嫉妒同学的好成绩，你应该向他们学习并更努力。 Don't _________ _________ _________ your classmate's good grades. You should learn from them and work harder. 31. be full of 装满；充满 be full of和be filled with同义。 例句： The room is full of laughter.（房间里充满笑声。） · 即时演练 43. 那个旧箱子里装满了奶奶年轻时的照片，每一张都有故事。 The old box _________ _________ _________ grandma's photos from her youth, each with a story. 参考答案 1. author 2. A 3. remains 4. located 5. A 6. soldiers 7. captain 8. empty 9. A 10. victory 11. joke 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. hid 16. B 17. secretly 18. enter 19. D 20. succeeded 21. succeeded in 22. B 23. trick 24. fight 25. beat 26. A 27. pretended 28. failed 29. B 30. therefore 31. B 32. within 33. filled 34. towards 35. attack 36. C 37. fog 38. make jokes about 39. am tired of 40. B 41. go on board 42. be jealous of 43. is full of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $