Unit 5 Languages Around the World词性转换,词汇,语法,句型,知识点复习题--2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第一册

Unit 5 Languages Around the World 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的 3．variety n．异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的 4．major adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→majority n．大多数 5．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪 6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的 7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→beggar n．乞丐 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等 9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→demanding adj.要求高的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述 11．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n．关系→relationship n．关系 一、单句语法填空 1．The wetlands are home to a large (various) of wildlife. 【答案】variety 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：湿地是各种野生动物的家园。分析句子可知，此处“a large variety of” 是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。 2．Many experts say that The Scream indicates that Munch is (struggle) with his health problem. 【答案】struggling 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：许多专家表示，《呐喊》表明蒙克正在与自己的健康问题作斗争。空处作谓语，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，已有be动词is，空处需填现在分词。故填struggling。 3．Simon often (refer) to his dictionary when he came across new words in reading. 【答案】referred 【详解】考查形容词。句意：西蒙在阅读中遇到生词时经常查字典。根据句中时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填referred。 4．The first quality of literature is its (describe) of truth and beauty. 【答案】description 【详解】考查名词。句意：文学的首要品质是对真善美的描绘。空处用于形容词性物主代词its之后，应用名词description，表示“描述”，此处为不可数名词，作表语。故填description。 5．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history (date) all the way back to Roman times. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：作为起点，首都伦敦是个不错的选择，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词history，动词短语date back to与history之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填dating。 6．He treats the people who work for him as his (equal) as everyone is born equal. 【答案】equals 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对待为他工作的人一视同仁，因为每个人生来平等。本空作介词as的宾语，表示“平等的人，同样的人”，用名词equal，此处表示泛指，用复数形式。故填equals。 7．The shortage of water has become a (globe) problem that needs to be solved urgently． 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：水资源短缺已成为一个迫切需要解决的全球性问题。名词problem前用形容词修饰。globe的形容词形式为global，为“全球的”之意。故填global。 8．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there. 【答案】dynasties 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个展览很值得参观，在那里你可以看到不同朝代的精美花瓶在展出。可数名词dynasty(朝代)作宾语，有形容词different修饰，用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 9．Roujiamo, made up of slow-cooked meat and a freshly-made flatbread called baijimo, (refer) to as a “Chinese Hamburger”. 【答案】is referred 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：肉夹馍由慢炖的肉和一种叫白吉馍的新鲜制作的扁面包组成，被称为“中国汉堡”。refer to…as…(把……称为……)是谓语动词，与主语Roujiamo之间是被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Roujiamo专有名词，be动词用is。故填is referred。 10．The words of the book give readers a chance (appreciate) the mathematical way of thinking, making them enjoy themselves in the real mathematics world. 【答案】to appreciate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：书中的文字让读者有机会欣赏数学的思维方式，让他们在真实的数学世界中享受自己。修饰名词chance，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to appreciate。 11．Translation is one of the language arts. It is the language activity that represents the meanings of sentences by using other language (system). 【答案】systems 【详解】考查名词。句意：翻译是语言艺术的一种。它是通过使用其他语言系统来表示句子意义的语言活动。设空处为名词作宾语，根据句意和other可知应用复数形式，故填systems。 12．It is important to note that good technology should be (base) on human needs, not create them. Otherwise it's putting the cart before the horse. 【答案】based 【详解】考查形容词。句意：值得注意的是，好的技术应该基于人类的需求，而不是创造人类的需求。否则就是本末倒置。空处需填形容词based，作表语，be based on为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”。故填based。 13．He felt so cold that he kept trembling as if he (be) unable to endure it any more. 【答案】was 【详解】考查时态。句意：他冷得一直发抖，好像再也忍受不了了。as if引导方式状语从句，当说话人认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的情况时，不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。此处结合语境，有发抖迹象，可知这是真实情况，使用陈述语气。根据句中的felt，kept可知，应该用一般过去时。故答案是was。 14．The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people (go) to work by subway or by bus. 【答案】should go/go 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。这是一个that引导的宾语从句，suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用(should) do结构，should可省略。故答案是(should) go。 15．The physicists propose that our attention (direct) towards the use of special methods of thinking and acting. 【答案】should be directed/be directed 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：物理学家们建议，我们的注意力应转向使用特殊的思考和行动方法。根据“propose”一词可知，that宾语从句应该用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should) do”的形式。从句主语our attention和动词direct之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故答案是(should) be directed。 16．One of the main (factor) to achieve your goal is your determination. 【答案】factors 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：实现目标的主要因素之一是你的决心。固定结构“one of+可数名词复数”意为“……之一”，空处应用factor“因素”的复数形式。故填factors。 17．All the articles are (relate) to the students’ life. 【答案】related 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：所有的文章都与学生的生活有关。relate意为“联系；使有联系”，与主语All the articles之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式与are构成一般现在时的被动语态，be related to意为“与……有关”。故填related。 18．I’m having trouble in (keep) up with the rest of the class. 【答案】keeping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在跟上班上其他同学方面有困难。keep up with“跟上”。have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，本空用动名词形式，作宾语，故填keeping。 19．Walking in the street, I often see (beg) in rags. 【答案】beggars 【详解】考查名词。句意：走在街上，我经常看到衣衫褴褛的乞丐。此处作宾语，应用名词“beggar乞丐”，表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，故此处应用名词的复数形式作宾语，故填beggars。 20．The more exercise you do, the (healthy) you will be. 【答案】healthier 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你锻炼得越多，你就会变得越健康。本句使用固定句型“the+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”，表示“越……，越……”，所以空处应用形容词的比较级形式healthier。故填healthier。 21．I treasure this as a good chance and it is of (important) to me in many ways. 【答案】importance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我把这当作一个好机会来珍惜，并且它在很多方面对我来说都很重要。“of importance”相当于“important”，意为“重要的”，名词importance，作介词的宾语。故填importance。 22．Do give my (regard) to your parents. 【答案】regards 【详解】考查名词。句意：代我向你父母问好。空处作give的宾语，需用名词regard，表示“问候”，用复数形式。故填regards。 23．Mama’s “Little Bank” was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：妈妈的“小银行”是用来应对突发事件的，比如克里斯汀摔断了胳膊，不得不去看医生的时候。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词time，表时间，在从句作时间状语。故填when。 24．I can think of many cases students know a lot of words but don’t write a good essay. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我能想到很多情况，学生知道很多单词，但写不出一篇好文章。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为cases，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 25．He is the man from house the picture was stolen. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是那个家里的画被偷的人。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the man，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰house，应用“介词from+关系代词whose”引导。故填whose。 26．There are some cases we have to make a quick decision. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在某些情况下，我们必须迅速做出决定。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词cases，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 27．Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere children can be free to express themselves. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：家中的长辈，尤其是父母，应该营造一种孩子们可以自由表达自己的氛围。“ children can be free to express themselves”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，表示“在这种氛围中”，是模糊地点，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 28．The reason he didn’t make it to the cinema was that he was injured. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他没能去电影院的原因是他受伤了。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，The reason 是先行词，从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词 why 来引导，故填 why。 29．The movie reminded me of the days I was well taken care of in that far-away village. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部电影使我想起了我在那个遥远的村庄受到很好的照顾的日子。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词days，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的时间，作时间状语，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。 30．For many people who love to stay active, hiking is an activity they find peace, away from the noise of daily life. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于许多喜欢保持活跃的人来说，徒步旅行是一种远离日常生活噪音的平静活动。定语从句修饰先行词activity，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 二、单词拼写 51．Rising (全球的) temperatures are causing longer summer breaks in some countries. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全球气温上升正在导致一些国家的暑假延长。根据汉语提示“全球的”可知，本空用形容词global，修饰名词temperatures，作前置定语。故填global。 52．A group of archaeologists unearthed numerous carvings dating back to ancient (朝代). 【答案】dynasties 【详解】考查名词。句意：一群考古学家发掘出了许多可追溯至古代朝代的雕刻。根据汉语提示可知，用名词dynasty表示“朝代”，由于古代朝代不止一个，故用名词复数。故填dynasties。 53．I find it difficult to (联系) the two ideas together. 【答案】relate 【详解】考查动词。句意：我发现很难将这两个想法联系起来。根据汉语提示“联系”可知，此处用动词relate，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故填relate。 54．There are plenty of art forms in China, such as (书法), sculpture and so on. 【答案】calligraphy 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国有很多艺术形式，比如书法、雕塑等等。根据汉语提示“书法”可知，此处应填名词calligraphy，不可数名词，作介词as的宾语。故填calligraphy。 55．As you get older, your (态度)towards life changes. 【答案】attitude 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着年龄的增长，你对生活的态度也会改变。“态度”为attitude，作主语。故填attitude。 56．The old man has been (斗争)with illness for years. 【答案】struggling 【详解】考查动词。句意：这位老人多年来一直在与疾病作斗争。“斗争”使用动词struggle，根据for years以及has been可知，句子使用现在完成进行时，即has been doing，故填struggling。 57．Martin Luther King fought to win (平等的) rights for black people in the US. 【答案】equal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：马丁·路德·金为美国黑人争取平等权利而斗争。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是equal意为“平等的”。故填equal。 58．There is a variety of furniture in the market, which can satisfy most of the customers’ (需求) 【答案】demands/requirements/needs 【详解】考查名词。句意：市场上有各种各样的家具，可以满足大多数顾客的需求。根据汉语提示“需求”可知，此处为名词demand，requirement或need，结合“customers’ ”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填demands/requirements/needs。 59．I’m not interested in any (特定的) subject; I just want to explore different fields. 【答案】specific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对任何特定的学科都不感兴趣，我只是想探索不同的领域。“特定的”用形容词specific，在句中作定语修饰名词subject。故填specific。 60．The beauty of the natural landscape was beyond (描述，形容), making the tourists extremely amazed. 【答案】description 【详解】考查名词。句意：自然景观之美难以形容，使游客叹为观止。根据汉语提示可知应用名词description，构成beyond description表示“难以形容”。故填description。 61．She made no (提及) to her illness but only to her future plans in the letter to her close friends. 【答案】reference 【详解】考查名词。句意：在给亲密朋友的信中，她没有提到自己的病情，只提到了她未来的计划。根据汉语提示可知用名词reference，作宾语。故填reference。 62． (尽管) the bad weather, they had a pleasant journey. 【答案】Despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管天气不好，他们的旅行还是很愉快。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用介词despite，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Despite。 63．The Olympic flame has long been regarded as a (象征，标志) of unity, friendship, and athletic spirit, transcending national boundaries. 【答案】symbol 【详解】考查名词。句意：长期以来，奥运圣火一直被视为超越国界的团结、友谊和运动精神的象征。空处用于介词as和不定冠词a之后，应用名词形式作介词as的宾语，“象征”应用名词单数形式symbol，符合题意。故填symbol。 64．I would (感激) it if you could take my application into account and give me the chance. 【答案】appreciate 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果您能考虑我的申请并给我这个机会，我将非常感激。根据汉语提示“感激”，对应的英文单词是appreciate, would后接动词原形。故填appreciate。 65．Practicing Chinese Kung Fu can not only build up one’s strength, but also develop one’s (性格). 【答案】character 【详解】考查名词。句意：练习中国功夫不仅可以增强一个人的力量，还可以发展一个人的性格。根据汉语提示“性格”可知，空格处涉及单词“character”，意为“性格”，为可数名词，句中泛指一个人的性格，应用其单数形式，作宾语。故填character。 三、完成句子 66．不幸的是，洪水冲毁了这座历史追溯回清朝的建筑。 Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building the Qing Dynasty. 【答案】 dating back to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“追溯”短语为date back to，该短语没有被动形式，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating back to。 67．比起查字典，我总是试着去理解新单词的意思。 Instead of the dictionary, I always try to guess the meanings of the new words 【答案】 referring to 【详解】考查动名词。“查字典”为“refer to the dictionary”，介词of后接动名词。故填referring to。 68．他这一生经历了很多起起落落。 He has gone through many in his life. 【答案】ups and downs 【详解】考查固定短语。设空处意思是“起起落落”，应用固定短语ups and downs，故填ups and downs。 69．参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 people are involved, the ocean environment is. 【答案】 The more the better 【详解】考查固定句型。the+比较级，the+比较级为固定句型，表示“越……，就越……”，根据句意应是用“the more..., the better...”，句首单词首字母大写。故填The more； the better。 70．玩手机成瘾被认为是许多人现在睡眠不足的原因之一。(regard；why) Cellphone addiction many people can’t get enough sleep now. 【答案】is regarded as one of the reasons why 【详解】考查时态语态，固定短语和定语从句。“被认为是”使用固定短语be regarded as，“原因之一”使用固定短语one of the reasons，空后是定语从句，修饰reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导，结合now可知使用一般现在时，主语Cellphone addiction表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is regarded as one of the reasons why。 71．使之成为可能的原因有很多，但其中一个主要因素是汉字的书写体系。 There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the has been the Chinese writing system. 【答案】 main/major/key factors 【详解】考查形容词和名词。“主要的”用形容词main/major/key表示；“因素”用名词factor，根据空格前的one of the可知，factor应该用复数形式。故填main/major/key；factors。 72． you go, you can always find beautiful scenery if you have a heart for discovery. 无论你去哪里，只要你有一颗善于发现的心，总能看到美丽的风景。 【答案】 No matter where 【详解】考查让步状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“无论哪里”，应用no matter where，意为“无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填①No，②matter，③where。 73．他们应该重植沿河岸的本土树木，在那些地方，表层土壤正在快速地流失。 They should replant indigenous trees along river banks the top soil is 【答案】 where being washed away 【详解】考查定语从句和时态语态。第一空定语从句修饰先行词banks，从句缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导；第二空表示“流失”应用wash away，与主语构成被动关系，且表示正在发生，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填①where；②being washed away。 74．With his parents’ encouragement, he gradually developed . 在父母的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。 【答案】a positive attitude towards life 【详解】考查名词、形容词和介词短语。“积极的态度”作宾语，用a positive attitude，“对生活”作定语，用介词短语towards life作后置定语。故填：a positive attitude towards life。 75．1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业。 After the Songhu Battle in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his aviation. 【答案】 broke out major to 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。对比中英文可知，第一空表示“爆发”，可用动词短语break out，结合“in 1932”可知，事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时；第二空和空前的switch his以及空后的aviation搭配，表示“改学航空专业”，可用switch one’s major to表示“转专业到，改学”。故填①broke out；②major to。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When referring to English, we know English is 31 (wide) used in global affairs. No matter what kind of English people are speaking, native speakers have no trouble 32 (understand) the words like “gas”, “petrol”, “subway”, “apartment”, “pants”, “semester” and other words despite the small differences in vocabulary. But students 33 mother tongue is not English are struggling with billions of words. On the other hand, from foreigners’ point of view, Chinese 34 (regard) as a demanding language. Firstly, the major language which is called Putonghua in China is hard enough to learn, let alone 35 (variety) of dialects. Secondly, Chinese characters are abstract (抽象的) symbols for them. The writing system, dating back to the Shang Dynasty when people 36 (carve) something with specific meanings on bones or shells, is like strange pictures. However, based on the common 37 (appreciate) of these characters, some classic works are still read now and 38 this means we can know more about the ups and downs in accident times. Besides, calligraphy is also 39 art form closely related to Chinese culture. I beg all the people hold a positive attitude to both languages, which are of equal importance. 40 (bridge) the gap between cultures, we should never give up learning them well. 【答案】 31．widely 32．understanding 33．whose 34．is regarded 35．varieties 36．carved 37．appreciation 38．by 39．an 40．To bridge 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语和汉语在全球范围内的使用情况以及这两种语言的学习难点。 31．考查副词。句意：说到英语，我们知道英语在全球事务中被广泛使用。此处需要填入一个副词来修饰动词used，wide的副词形式是widely。故填widely。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：不管人们说的是哪种英语，母语为英语的人理解“gas”、“petrol”、“subway”、“apartment”、“pants”、“semester”等词都没有问题，尽管词汇量略有不同。have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”，所以应填understand的动名词形式。故填understanding。 33．考查定语从句。句意：但母语不是英语的学生却在为数十亿个单词而苦苦挣扎。分析句子结构可知，这是一个关系代词引导的定语从句，作定语修饰students，表示“那些母语不是英语的学生”。故填whose。 34．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：另一方面，从外国人的角度来看，汉语被认为是一门要求很高的语言。句型be regarded as意为“被认为是”。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，主语是Chinese，是不可数名词，所以系动词用is。故填is regarded。 35．考查名词复数。句意：首先，在中国被称为普通话的主要语言很难学，更不用说各种各样的方言了。varieties of意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。 36．考查一般过去时。句意：文字系统可以追溯到商代，当时人们在骨头或贝壳上雕刻了一些具有特定含义的东西，就像奇怪的图画。根据语境可知，这里描述的是过去发生的动作，所以需要使用一般过去时。故填carved。 37．考查名词。句意：然而，基于对这些人物的共同欣赏，一些经典作品现在仍然被阅读，通过这种方式我们可以更多地了解事故时代的起伏。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个名词作介词on的宾语，appreciate的名词形式是appreciation。故填appreciation。 38．考查介词。句意：同上。by this means意为“通过这种方法”。故填by。 39．考查冠词。句意：此外，书法也是一种与中国文化密切相关的艺术形式。art form是单数可数名词短语，前面需要加不定冠词，表示泛指，又因为art是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用an。故填an。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了弥合文化之间的差距，我们永远不应该放弃学好它们。根据语境可知，这里需要填入一个不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了弥合文化之间的差距”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填To bridge。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. Zhao Yuanren, 41 Chinese American linguist (语言学家), could speak seven languages and more than 30 42 (dialect). England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian, Guiseppe Mezzofanti, 43 (report) to have been able to communicate in 30 to 40 languages. Polyglots are 44 (amaze), but actually anyone can try to be one. As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found 45 difficult to be interested in just words and grammar. When he 46 (be) 13, Tim started listening to Hebrew (希伯来语) rap music. One day, he looked up the words in a dictionary and realized he could put them together to make sentences! So he started looking for people 47 (practice) Hebrew, and even signed up 48 an Arabic class. Tim posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew, 49 gained great popularity. After that, Tim started leaning new languages, including Chinese. Languages are for 50 (communicate) with people, learning about their culture, and understanding how different people think. Tim wishes everyone would learn more than one language and not just as a school subject. 【答案】 41．a 42．dialects 43．was reported 44．amazing 45．it 46．was 47．to practice 48．for 49．which 50．communicating 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一些多语者的非凡语言能力，特别是Tim为例，讲述了他们学习多种语言和方言的经历，以及语言学习的重要性和目的。 41．考查冠词。句意：美籍华裔语言学家赵元任能说7种语言和30多种方言。修饰可数名词单数 linguist，表示泛指，且Chinese的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 42．考查名词的数。句意：美籍华裔语言学家赵元任能说7种语言和30多种方言。dialect“方言”为可数名词，根据空前的“more than 30”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填dialects。 43．考查谓语动词。句意：据报道，意大利名人Guiseppe Mezzofanti能使用30到40种语言进行交流。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上文可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“A famous Italian”，单数，和动词“report”之间为被动关系。故填was reported。 44．考查形容词。句意：多语言者令人惊叹，但实际上任何人都可以尝试成为其中一员。空处为形容词担当表语；“amaze”的形容词有两种形式：amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”以及amazed，意为“感到惊讶”，根据句意可知，空处意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 45．考查代词。句意：Tim小时候在学校学习法语和拉丁语，但他发现仅仅关注单词和语法很难提起兴趣。空处为代词担当形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to be interested in just words and grammar”，用代词“it”。故填it。 46．考查谓语动词。句意：13岁时，Tim开始听希伯来语说唱音乐。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可知，从句为一般过去时；主语为“he”，单数。故填was。 47．考查非谓语动词。句意：于是，他开始寻找能一起练习希伯来语的人，甚至报名参加了阿拉伯语课程。空处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to practice。 48．考查介词。句意：于是，他开始寻找能一起练习希伯来语的人，甚至报名参加了阿拉伯语课程。空处为介词，构成固定短语：sign up for，意为“报名参加……”，符合句意。故填for。 49．考查定语从句。句意：Tim发布了自己说阿拉伯语和希伯来语的视频，这些视频大受欢迎。空处为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“video”以及“another”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是用来与人交流、了解不同文化以及理解不同人思维方式的工具。空处为非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语，用动名词形式。故填communicating。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Languages Around the World 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．reference n．指称关系；参考→ vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→ vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→ n．基础→ adj.基础的 3．variety n．异体；多样化→ v．变化；不同→ adj.各种各样的 4．major adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→ n．大多数 5．global adj.全球的；全世界的→ n．地球；地球仪 6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→ n．感激；欣赏→ adj.感激的 7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→ n．乞丐 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→ adv.平等地→ n．平等 9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→ adj.要求高的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→ vt.描述 11．relate vt.联系；讲述→ adj.相关的→ n．关系→ n．关系 一、单句语法填空 1．The wetlands are home to a large (various) of wildlife. 2．Many experts say that The Scream indicates that Munch is (struggle) with his health problem. 3．Simon often (refer) to his dictionary when he came across new words in reading. 4．The first quality of literature is its (describe) of truth and beauty. 5．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history (date) all the way back to Roman times. 6．He treats the people who work for him as his (equal) as everyone is born equal. 7．The shortage of water has become a (globe) problem that needs to be solved urgently． 8．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there. 9．Roujiamo, made up of slow-cooked meat and a freshly-made flatbread called baijimo, (refer) to as a “Chinese Hamburger”. 10．The words of the book give readers a chance (appreciate) the mathematical way of thinking, making them enjoy themselves in the real mathematics world. 11．Translation is one of the language arts. It is the language activity that represents the meanings of sentences by using other language (system). 12．It is important to note that good technology should be (base) on human needs, not create them. Otherwise it's putting the cart before the horse. 13．He felt so cold that he kept trembling as if he (be) unable to endure it any more. 14．The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people (go) to work by subway or by bus. 15．The physicists propose that our attention (direct) towards the use of special methods of thinking and acting. 16．One of the main (factor) to achieve your goal is your determination. 17．All the articles are (relate) to the students’ life. 18．I’m having trouble in (keep) up with the rest of the class. 19．Walking in the street, I often see (beg) in rags. 20．The more exercise you do, the (healthy) you will be. 21．I treasure this as a good chance and it is of (important) to me in many ways. 22．Do give my (regard) to your parents. 23．Mama’s “Little Bank” was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. 24．I can think of many cases students know a lot of words but don’t write a good essay. 25．He is the man from house the picture was stolen. 26．There are some cases we have to make a quick decision. 27．Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere children can be free to express themselves. 28．The reason he didn’t make it to the cinema was that he was injured. 29．The movie reminded me of the days I was well taken care of in that far-away village. 30．For many people who love to stay active, hiking is an activity they find peace, away from the noise of daily life. 二、单词拼写 51．Rising (全球的) temperatures are causing longer summer breaks in some countries. 52．A group of archaeologists unearthed numerous carvings dating back to ancient (朝代). 53．I find it difficult to (联系) the two ideas together. 54．There are plenty of art forms in China, such as (书法), sculpture and so on. 55．As you get older, your (态度)towards life changes. 56．The old man has been (斗争)with illness for years. 57．Martin Luther King fought to win (平等的) rights for black people in the US. 58．There is a variety of furniture in the market, which can satisfy most of the customers’ (需求) 59．I’m not interested in any (特定的) subject; I just want to explore different fields. 60．The beauty of the natural landscape was beyond (描述，形容), making the tourists extremely amazed. 61．She made no (提及) to her illness but only to her future plans in the letter to her close friends. 62． (尽管) the bad weather, they had a pleasant journey. 63．The Olympic flame has long been regarded as a (象征，标志) of unity, friendship, and athletic spirit, transcending national boundaries. 64．I would (感激) it if you could take my application into account and give me the chance. 65．Practicing Chinese Kung Fu can not only build up one’s strength, but also develop one’s (性格). 三、完成句子 66．不幸的是，洪水冲毁了这座历史追溯回清朝的建筑。 Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building the Qing Dynasty. 67．比起查字典，我总是试着去理解新单词的意思。 Instead of the dictionary, I always try to guess the meanings of the new words 68．他这一生经历了很多起起落落。 He has gone through many in his life. 69．参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 people are involved, the ocean environment is. 70．玩手机成瘾被认为是许多人现在睡眠不足的原因之一。(regard；why) Cellphone addiction many people can’t get enough sleep now. 71．使之成为可能的原因有很多，但其中一个主要因素是汉字的书写体系。 There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the has been the Chinese writing system. 72． you go, you can always find beautiful scenery if you have a heart for discovery. 无论你去哪里，只要你有一颗善于发现的心，总能看到美丽的风景。 73．他们应该重植沿河岸的本土树木，在那些地方，表层土壤正在快速地流失。 They should replant indigenous trees along river banks the top soil is 74．With his parents’ encouragement, he gradually developed . 在父母的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。 75．1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业。 After the Songhu Battle in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his aviation. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When referring to English, we know English is 31 (wide) used in global affairs. No matter what kind of English people are speaking, native speakers have no trouble 32 (understand) the words like “gas”, “petrol”, “subway”, “apartment”, “pants”, “semester” and other words despite the small differences in vocabulary. But students 33 mother tongue is not English are struggling with billions of words. On the other hand, from foreigners’ point of view, Chinese 34 (regard) as a demanding language. Firstly, the major language which is called Putonghua in China is hard enough to learn, let alone 35 (variety) of dialects. Secondly, Chinese characters are abstract (抽象的) symbols for them. The writing system, dating back to the Shang Dynasty when people 36 (carve) something with specific meanings on bones or shells, is like strange pictures. However, based on the common 37 (appreciate) of these characters, some classic works are still read now and 38 this means we can know more about the ups and downs in accident times. Besides, calligraphy is also 39 art form closely related to Chinese culture. I beg all the people hold a positive attitude to both languages, which are of equal importance. 40 (bridge) the gap between cultures, we should never give up learning them well. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. Zhao Yuanren, 41 Chinese American linguist (语言学家), could speak seven languages and more than 30 42 (dialect). England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian, Guiseppe Mezzofanti, 43 (report) to have been able to communicate in 30 to 40 languages. Polyglots are 44 (amaze), but actually anyone can try to be one. As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found 45 difficult to be interested in just words and grammar. When he 46 (be) 13, Tim started listening to Hebrew (希伯来语) rap music. One day, he looked up the words in a dictionary and realized he could put them together to make sentences! So he started looking for people 47 (practice) Hebrew, and even signed up 48 an Arabic class. Tim posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew, 49 gained great popularity. After that, Tim started leaning new languages, including Chinese. Languages are for 50 (communicate) with people, learning about their culture, and understanding how different people think. Tim wishes everyone would learn more than one language and not just as a school subject. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $