专题2 7选5阅读(课件PPT)-【零起点考大学】2026年高考英语高效备考方案

零起点考大学 英 语 1 02 第二部分 题型专题 专题二 七选五阅读 2 新高考 七选五阅读的考点分析 年份 卷名 文章体裁及主题 设题位置 设题类型 段首 段中 段尾 细节句 主旨句 过渡句 2025 全国一卷 记叙文：人与社会 （热爱社会的咖啡馆员工） 0 4 1 4 0 1 全国二卷 说明文：人与社会 （家庭志愿服务的好处） 2 2 1 3 1 1 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文：人与自我 （使用词典的经验、心得与乐趣） 1 4 0 3 0 2 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文：人与社会 （如何应对过度旅游） 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 新高考 七选五阅读的考点分析 年份 卷名 文章体裁及主题 设题位置 设题类型 段首 段中 段尾 细节句 主旨句 过渡句 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文：人与自我 （如果自我宽恕） 0 4 1 4 0 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文：人与社会 （开启绘画之旅的好建议） 1 3 1 4 1 0 2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文：人与社会 （如何寻找合适的健身搭档） 0 4 1 4 1 0 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文：人与社会 （写文章的技巧） 1 4 0 1 1 3 2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文：人与社会 （在巴黎体验生活） 1 4 0 3 0 2 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文：人与自我 （如何提高阅读速度） 1 2 2 2 2 1 4 通过对近年新高考七选五阅读的考点分析可知，七选五阅读的考查具有以下特点： 1. 选材：以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅；主题集中在人与社会（为主）、人与自然和人与自我；主题内容与社会生活紧密相关、贴近学生实际，有较强的实用性。 2. 题型：以段中句为主（每年必考），段首句和段尾句为辅。常从细节句、主旨句和过渡句的维度设题，且选项多数为一整句话，少数为半句话。近年来对段中题以及需要深层理解的题目的考查有增加的趋势，设空的位置也越来越灵活。 3. 特点：文章结构鲜明且主题突出，设空处前后提示信息明显，所以考查难度不大；文章重点考查考生理解语篇整体或局部的基本结构，以及上下文的逻辑关系，有利于培养学生的概括归纳和逻辑推理的能力。 命题探究 备考须知与策略 1.研究高考真题，熟悉题型特点。通过研究历年高考真题来掌握七选五题型的考查要点及命题规律，对真题做细致的分析和归纳，推敲真题里面每个设空处所考查的知识点和技能。 2.精选优质语篇，做到高效训练。除了研究高考真题之外，平时考生也可以精选符合高考命题规律的语篇，进行有针对性的训练。练习时注重训练自己分析语篇结构的能力，不能只是为了选出答案而做题，一定要对文章结构进行细致的分析，从而总结出有效的做题思路，掌握一定的答题技巧。 3.养成良好习惯，落实语篇分析。拿到文章后不要急于去做题，而要先通过略读快速掌握文章大意和主题，再从整体上把握文章结构和逻辑性，最后运用语法和语篇知识分析和理解句子的类型与功能。通过对语篇逻辑性、连贯性和一致性的解读来理解句子与句子之间、句子与段落之间、段落与段落之间的关系。 备考策略 备考须知与策略 备考策略 备考须知与策略 2.三步做七选五阅读 （1）先做段首、断尾题，缩小排查范围 （2）剩余项细排查，利用句间关系来判定。 （3）代入选项通读全文进行复检。 1.三个解题流程 （1）略读全文 （2）定位选项 （3）确定排除 （详细说明见《书》P101-102） 考查类型一：段首句 真题链接 大部分情况下，设空在段首的内容通常是该段的主旨句或段落小标题，少部分为承上启下的过渡句。 当设空内容为主旨句或小标题时，正确选项可以高度概括段落内容，且一般有中心词的同词复现、近义词或相关词；当设空内容为过渡句时，正确选项一般与上一段句尾关系紧密，能够将上段和本段的内容连贯起来。 真题链接1 ●You’ll feel like you have more time. ... ●_______ Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. （2025全国二卷） A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. ✔ 真题链接 _____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. (2024 浙江卷1月) D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 真题链接2 ✔ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. 真题链接 Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. _____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! (2021新高考Ⅰ卷) A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. 真题链接3 ✔ But they cost $18! 考查类型二：段中句 大部分情况下，设空在段首的内容通常是该段的主旨句或段落小标题，少部分为承上启下的过渡句。 设空在段中的句子一般为段中细节句和过渡句。细节句一般是上文内容的进一步补充、解释或举例说明，或者与上下文的细节对应。 当段中设空处为细节句时，阅读设空前后句子和各个选项，标记关键词，通过比较和匹配这些关键词来确定答案。 当段中设空处为过渡句时，首先要阅读设空处前后的内容，挖掘其内在逻辑关系；其次阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、因果、让步等关系的过渡性衔接词，再结合词语复现，即可一一确定选项。 考查类型二：段中句 真题链接1 Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (2023新课标Ⅰ卷) A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. 真题链接1 ✔ Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 考查类型二：段中句 真题链接1 What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfiedat the end of a meal, but not too full. _____ But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (2024全国甲卷) D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 真题链接2 ✔ Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfiedat the end of a meal, but not too full. But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. 考查类型三：段尾句 段尾句的设题方式为承上启下的过渡句和概括上文内容的总结句，有时候也会考查段尾细节句。 当段尾设空处为过渡句时（考查较少），注意阅读上一段的段尾并结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词，确定答案后复检所选答案是否衔接上下文内容。 当段尾设空句为总结句时，注意阅读并总结设空前内容，抓住主旨。正确选项有时会出现一些总结性的词语，如：therefore, thus, so, in a word, to sum up, to conclude等。 当段尾设空处为细节句时，重点阅读设空前一两句，锁定高频词和体现逻辑关系的关联词，寻找选项中是否与表示逻辑关系的关联词，或者与前文相同或相似的句式结构。 注意：在“总—分”结构的文章中，首段的段尾句往往起到总起作用，引领下文。所选答案的语句通常为Here are a few tips to...，而下文内容正是这些advice, tips, steps的具体内容。 考查类型三：段尾句 真题链接 1 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ● Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ________ ● More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend...（2022全国乙卷） A. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper B. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it C. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication D. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media 真题链接 1 With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ✔ 考查类型三：段尾句 真题链接 2 If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ________ ● Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable... ● Spend a few minutes looking through the book... ● If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time... （2021新高考Ⅱ卷） A. This depends on the type of book you are reading. B. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. C. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. D. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. 真题链接 2 But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly ✔ 考查类型三：段尾句 真题链接 3 As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. …… ●Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ________ ●Continually challenge yourself to try something new... （2023新课标Ⅱ卷） D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. Make career plans and set goals. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 真题链接 3 Paint often and paint from life put in those brush miles paint from life as much as possible ✔ Simple Ways to Improve Your Written English There are many different aspects of learning English such as listening, speaking and writing.  Many people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Don’t worry, though. ____1____. ·Increase your vocabulary To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. ____2____, and it also means actually being able to use them correctly. So it’s a good idea to enlarge your vocabulary by using them in your writing ·____3____ People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different writing styles. Reading shouldn’t be boring. ____4____, and remember the beautiful words from them. Finally, use them in your writing. 应考基础训练 ·Double check your writing ____5____ The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar points you are studying at the moment. ·Just do it Remember, practice makes perfect! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text. A. Know your levels B. Read widely and often C. Always check your writing twice D. It not just means being able to know lots of words E. Choose books or articles that interest you F. Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas G. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English Simple Ways to Improve Your Written English There are many different aspects of learning English such as listening, speaking and writing.  Many people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Don’t worry, though. ____1____. ·Increase your vocabulary To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. ____2____, and it also means actually being able to use them correctly. So it’s a good idea to enlarge your vocabulary by using them in your writing ·____3____ People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different writing styles. Reading shouldn’t be boring. ____4____, and remember the beautiful words from them. Finally, use them in your writing. ·Double check your writing ____5____ The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar points you are studying at the moment. ·Just do it Remember, practice makes perfect! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text. G Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English D It not just means being able to know lots of words Read widely and often B E Choose books or articles that interest you C Always check your writing twice 考点全归纳 课后请完成《精准应考训练》第48-49页 方法一：词汇复现法 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词汇复现。 词汇复现包括四种复现形式：原词复现、同（近）义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现（同一词汇范畴或某一类别的词汇反复出现）。 在运用词汇复现法解题时，着重阅读设空处前、后两个句子，锁定关键词，在选项中查找相关关键词。正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词，且与下一句中的关键词相呼应。 真题链接 It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. （2023新课标Ⅰ卷） D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 真题链接2见课本P107 真题链接1 mistakes all changing ✔ 方法二：代词指代法 用代词指代文章中提及过的名词（短语）或句子是衔接语篇的重要手段之一，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题，如：it, they, this, these等。 在运用代词指代法解题时，要特别注意设空处前后句子中出现的代词，弄清代词指代的是单数名词还是复数名词并确定其意义。 D．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G．She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 真题链接2见课本P102 真题链接1 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. _______ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks... （2025全国一卷） ✔ 方法三：逻辑关系法 一篇文章的各句和各段之间存在一定的语义逻辑关系，这些逻辑关系需要使用一些连词来进行衔接和过渡。阅读七选五的解题策略之一就是要找到这些衔接词，理清其中的逻辑关系，并据此选出正确答案。 以下为阅读七选五中一些常见的逻辑关系词： 表示并列关系：first，second，firstly，secondly，next，then等； 表示递进关系：also，furthermore，besides，even，in addition，what's more等； 表示转折关系：however，nevertheless，though，yet，otherwise等； 表示对比关系：on the contrary，by contrast，by comparison等； 表示因果关系：so，thus，therefore，as a result等； 表示条件关系：as/ so long as，unless，if，on condition that等； 表示例证关系：for example，for instance，such as，like等。 方法三：逻辑关系法 真题链接 The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ____1____ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ____2____ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. （2022新高考Ⅱ卷） C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 真题链接 write your draft Yet revision As a result, these writers E F Are you planning to study a course from a foreign university? Well, these tips for studying abroad will make you feel at home in a new city. Learn about the university. When you decide to study abroad, it is important to research well. ____1____ Instead, talk to people who have completed their studies from that country. This way you’ll get some real information about the university you’re applying for. ___2___ The more you speak to people, the more you’ll end up driving the blues away. Communicating with others will truly be helpful. Not only will it make it easier for you to face personal interviews but also to interact with the local people and fellow students. Keep a diary. Most students feel that the time they spent abroad was the best time of their lives. What better way to keep those moments “alive” forever than by writing them down on a diary? ___3___ 应考基础训练 D B G Be prepared for adjustments. When you land up in a country with a culture that’s completely different from yours, chances are that you’ll experience some level of culture shock. ___4___ Consider your stay abroad as an opportunity to discover a new culture and learn new things. Know what to do in an emergency. ___5___ Get the details of the U.S. Embassy, including the phone number, and register (登记) yourself and your family members with the U.S. Embassy. This way you’ll know whom to reach out to in case you’re in an emergency. A. Ensure you have all the documents. B. Develop good communication skills. C. However, don’t let that discourage you. D. Don’t just follow the advertisements blindly and choose the university. E. Make sure that you know what to do in the face of emergency. F. Keep in touch with your friends at home to avoid homesickness. G. You can write down every little detail of the beautiful time when you study abroad. C E 考点全归纳 课后请完成《精准应考训练》第50-51页 综合训练 There are not many nations that can say their national dish has become international. ____1____ Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food. People have been eating pizza, in one form or another, for centuries. They eat it everywhere—at home, in restaurants, or on street corners. ____2____ Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs, were a simple and tasty meal. They were mostly for those who didn’t have enough money to buy plates, or who were on the go. In the 18th century, Naples, in southern Italy, had become one of the largest cities in Europe, and it was growing fast. Lots of city people were poor and they were always rushing around to look for work. ____3____ Pizzas were cut to meet the customers’ needs. They were inexpensive, used easy-to-find ingredients(原料), and could be made with plenty of flavor. It was in America that pizza found its second home. ____4____ Soon, pizza spread across the country with the rapid development of the city. It was increasingly considered as a fast, fun food. People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese on their pizzas while others only like vegetables. ____5____ For a lot of people in western countries, when they cannot decide what to eat, they order pizzas. A. Nobody knows where pizza came from. B. The secret is, almost everyone likes pizzas. C. Italy has two such dishes, spaghetti and pizza. D. A number of people refused to eat pizzas in Italy. E. They needed food that was cheap and easy to eat. F. In 1905, the first pizzeria, Lombardi’s, was opened in New York City. G. The word “pizza” came from the Latin word “pinsa” meaning flatbread. 1. C。根据后句Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food（这两种菜肴都是世界闻名的，都创造了意大利食品的历史）可知说的是两种菜，结合选项，应说意大利有两种这样的菜，意大利面和比萨。故选C。 2. G。根据后句Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs, were a simple and tasty meal（很久以前，一片平底面包，上面放着蘑菇和香料，这是一顿简单可口的饭菜）可知说的是pizza的来源，结合选项，应说pizza这个词来源于拉丁语pinsa，意思是大饼。故选G。 答案与解析 3. E。根据后句Pizzas were cut to meet the customers’ needs. They were inexpensive, used easy-to-find ingredients（比萨饼是切碎以满足顾客的需要。它们价格便宜，易于找到原料）。可知说的是比萨饼的特点，结合选项，应说他们需要便宜又容易吃的食物。故选E。 4. F。根据前句It was in America that pizza found its second home（比萨是在美国找到了第二个家）可知说的是在美国开店，结合选项，应说1905年，第一家比萨店在纽约开张。故选F。 5. B。根据前句People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese on their pizzas while others only like vegetables（有些人想要在比萨上加奶酪，而其他人则只喜欢蔬菜）可知说的是喜欢比萨，结合选项，应说秘诀是，几乎每个人都喜欢比萨。故选B。 THANK YOU! $