必修第二册 UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、短语、句式、阅读、写作等核心考点，按“基础积累-能力应用-综合提能”逻辑架构知识点，通过分类识记单词（词块、派生、语境记忆）、短语句式精讲、真题阅读训练、写作实战（如倡议书）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破高考英语难点。 资料突出“词汇-阅读-写作”一体化训练，创新采用构词密码破解（如形容词后缀-al）、句式仿写活用（如There comes a time when...）等策略，在写作模块设计“保护文化遗产”倡议书，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。设置分层练习（核心单词练通、拓展用活）和真题情境应用，保障复习效率，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.protect the ancient temple 保护这个古老的寺庙 2.damage the cultural relics破坏文物 3.my former teachers　我以前的老师们 4.plan to climb Mount Tai 计划去爬泰山 5.the former ...the latter ...前者……后者…… 6. preserve the cultural heritage保护文化遗产 7.aim to promote the traditional Chinese culture 旨在弘扬中国传统文化 8.protest against our every attempt 反对我们的每一次尝试 9.establish a committee 成立一个委员会 10.prevent the environment from pollution/being polluted阻止环境受污染 11.within walking distance步行可及 12.suffer a great loss遭受巨大损失 13.call the fire department给消防部门打电话 14.prevent endangered species from disappearing 防止濒危物种消失 15.fail at the first attempt第一次尝试失败 16.go abroad for further education出国深造 17.high quality 高质量 18.support you forever 永远支持你 19.contrast Eastern culture with Western culture 对比东西方文化 20.in my opinion在我看来 21.last forever持续到永远 22.conduct n.行为；举止；管理方法vt.组织；安排；带领 ①conduct an experiment/a survey 做实验/展开调查 ②be ashamed of your conduct 对你的行为感到羞愧 语境记忆 24.balance n.平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡 Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food， but it also keeps the balance of nature. 海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物，还保持了大自然的平衡。 25.proposal n.提议；建议 I hope you will consider my proposals， and I’m sure our spoken English will reach a higher level with your help.我希望您能考虑我的建议，我相信在您的帮助下，我们的英语口语会达到更高的水平。 26.worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的 It is worthwhile taking/to take part in such a meaningful activity.　（2023·1月浙江卷） 参加这么有意义的活动是值得的。 阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.heritage n.遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色） 2.clue n.线索；提示 3.app n.应用程序；应用软件 4.dam n.水坝；拦河坝 5.issue n.重要议题；争论的问题vt.宣布；公布 6.document n.文件；公文；（计算机）文档 vt.记录；记载（详情） 7.download vt.下载n.下载；已下载的数据资料 8.republic n.共和国 9.archaeologist n.考古学家 10.pyramid n.（古埃及的）金字塔；棱锥体 11.overseas adj.海外的adv.在海外 12.exit n.出口；通道vi.& vt.出去；离去 13.sheet n.一张（纸）；床单；被单 14.parade n.游行；检阅vi.游行庆祝；游行示威 15.mirror n.镜子 16.roof n.顶部；屋顶 17.dragon n.龙 18.image n.形象；印象 19.cave n.山洞；洞穴 20.quote vt.引用 教材例句 21.（译林选择性必修第二册） In the past， advertising was all about reaching as many people as possible with the same message.Now， advertising is becoming more digital and more personalized.　 adj.数字（化）的 22.（北师大选择性必修第三册） Globally， researchers are coming together to try to identify the causes for epidemics and help to find effective treatments.　vt.认出；找到 23.（北师大选择性必修第三册） Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially.　n.过程；进程 派生词汇识记 1.creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create vt.创造→creativity n.创造性；创造力→creation n.作品；创造 2.application n.申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）→apply vt.& vi.申请vi.应用；涂；敷→applicant n.申请人 3.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地→（反义词） unlikely adj.不可能的 adv.不可能地 4.limit n.限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless/unlimited adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n.限制；局限；极限 5.contribution n.捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；贡献；投稿 6.investigate vi.& vt.调查；研究→investigation n.调查；研究 7.donate vt.（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）→donation n.捐赠物；捐赠；赠送→donor n.捐赠者 8.disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n.消失；灭绝→（反义词）appear vi.出现→appearance n.出现 9.professional adj.专业的；职业的 n.专业人员；职业选手→profession n.专业；职业→professor n.教授 10.entrance n.入口；进入→enter vi.& vt.进入 11.forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅→forgiveness n.宽恕；原谅 12.historic adj.历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的→history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.（有关）历史的；历史上的 13.tradition n.传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的 14.comparison n.比较；相比→compare vt.& vi.与……相比较 第一组 1.take part in　　参与（某事）；参加（某活动） 2.give way to　　让步；屈服 3.keep a balance　　　保持平衡 4.lead to　　　导致 5.make a proposal　　　提出建议 6.turn to　　向……求助 7.prevent ...from ...　　　阻止；不准 8.donate ...to ...　　　向……捐赠…… 第二组 1.protect cultural relics on Mount Tai 　　保护泰山上的文物 2.produce electricity　　　发电 3.prevent the loss of cultural relics 　　防止文物损失 4.take down　　　拆卸；记下 5.work together for a better tomorrow 　　共同努力创造美好的明天 6.make sure　　　确保；设法保证 7.at the entrance to the Great Pyramid 　　在大金字塔入口处 8.a key stop along the Silk Road 　　丝绸之路上的一个关键站点 9.all over the world　　　在世界各地 10.be familiar with　　　熟悉 1.句式：There comes a time when ...……的时代已经到来；全部倒装 原句：There comes a time when the old must give way to the new， and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 2.句式：It’s said that ...据说…… 原句：It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong！ 据说这是一面可以明辨是非的镜子！ 3.句式：动词-ing形式作主语 原句：Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 在进步与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。 4.句式：neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… 原句：Neither people nor buildings last forever， but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them. 人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住他们。 5.句式：not only ...but （also） ...不仅……而且…… 原句：Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。 （一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快 阅读单词知意 请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。 1.heritage n.遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色） 2.clue n.线索；提示 3.app n.应用程序；应用软件 4.dam n.水坝；拦河坝 5.issue n.重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布 6.document n.文件；公文；（计算机）文档 vt.记录；记载（详情） 7.download vt.下载 n.下载；已下载的数据资料 8.republic n.共和国 9.archaeologist n.考古学家 10.pyramid n.（古埃及的）金字塔；棱锥体 11.exit n.出口；通道 vi.& vt.出去；离去 12.sheet n.一张（纸）；床单；被单 13.parade n.游行；检阅 vi.游行庆祝；游行示威 14.mirror n.镜子 15.roof n.顶部；屋顶 16.dragon n.龙 17.digital adj.数码的；数字显示的 18.cave n.山洞；洞穴 19.historic adj.历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的 20.quote vt.引用 核心单词练通 1.　temple　 n.庙；寺 2.　mount　 n.山峰 vt.爬上；骑上 vi.爬；登上 3.　former　 adj.以前的；（两者中）前者的 4.　protest　 n.抗议 vi.& vt.（公开）反对；抗议 5.　department　 n.部；司；科 6.　within　 prep.& adv.在（某段时间、距离或范围）之内 7.　worthwhile　 adj.值得做的；值得花时间的 8.　process　 n.过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工 9.　overseas　 adj.海外的 adv.在海外 10.　image　 n.形象；印象 11.　throughout　 prep.各处；遍及；自始至终 12.　further　 adv.（far的比较级）更远；进一步 13.　opinion　 n.意见；想法；看法 14.　contrast　 n.对比；对照 vt.对比；对照 15.　forever　 adv.永远；长久地 16.（2024·全国甲卷）These developments in transportation have raised our 　quality　 （质量） of life and showed the power of science. 17.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Do your part to 　preserve　 （维持） what makes a destination special in the first place. 18.I’m writing to invite you to join Talk and Talk.It has been ten years since Talk and Talk was 　established　 （创立）. 19.Some of his careless 　conduct　 （行为） led to the loss of the document， so he had to type another one within the limited time. 20.（2023·全国乙卷）Studies have shown that they can 　promote　 （促进） people’s wellbeing by improving their mood， reducing stress and helping their memory. 21.（2024·九省联考）Hilda who had 　forgiven　 （原谅） her patted her on the shoulder and smiled，“Maybe we can take advantage of Maya’s intelligence to better her training.” 拓展单词用活 1.　creatively　 adv.创造性地；有创造力地→　creative　 adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→　create　 vt.创造→　creativity　 n.创造性；创造力→　creation　 n.作品；创造 2.　application　 n.申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）→　apply　 vt.& vi.申请vt.应用；涂；敷→　applicant　 n.申请人 3.　likely　 adj.可能的 adv.可能地→（反义词） 　unlikely　 adj.不可能的adv.不可能地 4.　loss　 n.丧失；损失→　lose　 vt.丢失→　lost　 adj.迷路的；失去的 5.　investigate　 vi.& vt.调查；研究→　investigation　 n.调查；研究 6.　attempt　 n.& vt.企图；试图；尝试→　attempted　 adj.企图的；未遂的（用于名词前） 7.　entrance　 n.入口；进入→　enter　 vi.& vt.进入 8.　comparison　 n.比较；相比→　compare　 vt.& vi.与……相比较 9.　disappear　 vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→　disappearance　 n.消失；灭绝→（反义词）　appear　 vi.出现→　appearance　 n.出现；外表 10.　proposal　 n.提议；建议→　propose　 vt.提议；建议 11.（2024·1月浙江卷）Over several hours he would tell me about how he had attended a two-year 　professional　 （profession） school to quickly find a job building highways in order to help support his family. 12.We should pass down our ancient 　traditions　 and cultures， such as 　traditional　 foods during the Spring Festival.（tradition） 13.The writer personally 　contributed　 ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his 　contributions　 were gratefully received.（contribute） 14.Knowledge is 　limitless　， but my memory 　limits　 me to remember only 　limited　 information.（limit） 15.In our daily lives， we should have a 　balanced　 diet.What’s more， we should keep a 　balance　 between work and relaxation for the benefit of our health.（balance） （二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效 先写对 1.　take part in　　 　参与（某事）；参加（某活动） 2.　give way to　　　让步；屈服 3.　keep a balance　　　保持平衡 4.　lead to　　　导致 5.　make a proposal　　　提出建议 6.　turn to　　　向……求助 7.　prevent ...from ...　　　阻止；不准 8.　donate ...to ...　　　向……捐赠…… 9.　make sure　　　确保；设法保证 10.　at the entrance to　　　 在……入口处 再用准 根据语境选用上面短语填空 1.From my point of view， work and life are of equal importance， so you should 　keep a balance　 between them. 2.（2023·1月浙江卷）Last weekend， I 　took part in　 an event held by the Students’ Union， which is aimed at educating us more about daily biology. 3.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）When I finally finished it， the thought of winning had 　given way to　 the enjoyment of writing. 4.As to presents， I 　make a proposal　 that you （should） choose some with New Zealand features， which are bound to win your friend’s affection. （三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆 形容词后缀-al 密码 解读 含义 表示“与……有关的” 例词 ①profession→professional专业的；职业的　　②education→educational教育的 ③globe→global全球的　　④emotion→emotional情感的 ⑤internation→international国际的　　⑥nature→natural自然的 ⑦politics→political政治的　　⑧origin→original原来的；首创的 即时 演练 1.With more than 300 rivers flowing into Lake Baikal， it is one of the world’s greatest 　natural　 （nature） wonders. 2.Your writing is expected to be real and 　original　 （origin） in not more than 1，000 words. 3.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）In addition，there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute 　traditional　 （tradition） farms and the surrounding environment. 4.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 　functional　 （function） structure that is also beautiful. 5.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Why not try a 　regional　 （region） alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights？ （四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高 句型公式 句式仿写 1.句型公式：There comes a time when ...……的时代已经到来 教材原句：There comes a time when the old must give way to the new， and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 1.越来越多的人通过网络学习来获取知识的时代到来了。 　There comes a time when an increasing number of people acquire knowledge　 by means of online learning. 2.句型公式：not only ...but （also） ...不仅……而且…… 教材原句：Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 2.我们确实很喜欢这个活动。它不仅帮助我们更好地美化校园，而且提高了我们保护环境的意识。 We truly enjoyed the activity.　Not only did it help us beautify our campus， but it also　 raised our awareness of protecting the environment.　（2025·河南省部分市质量预测） 3.句型公式：neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… 教材原句：Neither people nor buildings last forever， but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them. 3.不从错误中吸取教训，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。 Without learning a lesson from our mistakes， we would 　neither improve our skills nor realise our goals　. Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破 　　There is a heritage protection organisation that attempts　　　 （preserve）❶ the cultural heritage all over the world. They identify cultural relics and take photos.By sharing photos they not only arouse people’s awareness of heritage preservation but also work to raise funds.What’s more， the money 　　　　 （donate）❷ is used to help prevent the historic buildings from 　　　　 （disappear）❸.In my opinion， 　　　　 （加入这个组织是值得的）❹！ 微技能热身 1.①处应填　to preserve　。 2.②处应填　donated　。 3.③处应填　disappearing　。 4.④处应填　it is worthwhile joining/to join the organisation　。 attempt n.& vt.企图；试图；尝试 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①In the next few days，we attempted 　to search　 （search） for our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner， but in vain. ②Soon the tea room became lively with every international student 　attempting　 （attempt） to make their own tea. 【写美】 微写作 ③让他们失望的是，他们第一次尝试做母亲节早餐失败了。 What made them disappointed was that they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast 　at the first attempt　. 【归纳】 （1）make an attempt to do/（at） doing ... 　　　尝试做…… at the first attempt　　第一次尝试 （2）attempt to do/（at） doing ...尝试（试图）做…… （3）attempted adj.　　未遂的 【佳句】 Though anger，embarrassment and sadness hung heavily in the air，the voice drew me to the awareness of the mistakes I had made when I made an attempt to impress the boys. 虽然空气中弥漫着愤怒、尴尬和悲伤的情绪，但这个声音让我意识到，当我试图给男孩们留下深刻印象时，我犯下了错误。 worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve that is well worthy 　to be visited　 （visit）. ②More importantly， the festival brought me lovely memories and friendships worth 　cherishing　 （cherish） forever. 【写美】 微写作 ③他犹豫了，开始怀疑是否值得伸出援手。 He hesitated， beginning to doubt whether 　it was worthwhile lending/to lend a helping hand　.　（心理描写） ④克服你的恐惧是值得的，因为它会带来个人的成长和发展。 　It is worthwhile to overcome your fears　， as it leads to personal growth and development. 【归纳】 （1）It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth 　　做某事是值得的 （2）worth adj.　　　值得的；有……的价值 be worth＋名词 　　值得……；值…… be （well） worth doing　　（非常）值得被做 （3）worthy adj.值得的；配得上的；可敬的 be worthy　　值得被做 【佳句】 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。 　　How to balance economic development and cultural heritage protection is likely 　　　　 （be）❶ a complex problem.In Egypt the proposal of building the Aswan Dam met with protests for fear of damaging the temples and cultural relics.The government turned 　　　　❷ the UN for help and established a committee to prevent the loss of cultural heritage.Further information has showed that thanks to the hard work and contributions of the 　　　　 （globe）❸ community， the project was completed successfully with the country’s cultural heritage 　　　　 （preserve）❹. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　to be　。 2.②处应填　to　。 3.③处应填　global　。 4.④处应填　preserved　。 likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地 【写美】 一句多译 凶猛的野兽很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中，简顿时惊慌失措。　（恐惧心理描写） →　It was likely that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes　 and Jane got into a panic.　（it作形式主语；likely） →　Fierce wild beasts were likely to be hiding in the dark bushes　 and Jane got into a panic.　（be likely to do） →　It was probable that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes　 and Jane got into a panic.　（it作形式主语；probable） 【归纳】 （1）Sb/Sth be likely to do sth ＝It’s likely that ...　　做某事是可能的 （2）Sb/Sth be unlikely to do sth ＝It’s unlikely that ...　　做某事是不可能的 （3）It is probable/possible that ...有可能…… 【佳句】 ①Due to the fact that many students lack self-discipline， they are likely to get distracted by online games.　（2022·全国乙卷） 由于许多学生缺乏自律，他们很可能会被网络游戏分散注意力。 ②It is likely that she will accept the job offer， given the excellent benefits and salary.考虑到优厚的福利和薪水，她很可能会接受这份工作。 turn to向……求助；求助于；致力于；翻到（书的某页）；查阅；转向；从事于 【练通】 语境辨义/单句语法填空 ①Whenever you get into trouble， don’t hesitate to turn to me for help.　　求助于　 ②（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus，turned 　around　，and looked at me with a big smile on his face. 【写美】 微写作 ③听了我的话，大卫脸颊上留着泪水，转过身坚定地向我表达了他要完成越野赛的决心。 At my words， with tears rolling down his cheeks， 　David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination　 to finish the cross-country run. 【归纳】 turn down　　关小；拒绝 turn up　　出现；露面；调大 turn out　　证明是；结果是；生产 turn over　　打翻；翻身；移交 turn off 　　关掉 turn around　　转身 【佳句】 ①Though picking apples was tiring， it turned out to be rewarding and interesting. 虽然摘苹果很累，但结果是有益且有趣的。 ②The more depressed he got， the more he turned to TV plays for comfort. 他情绪越低落就越是借助电视剧寻求安慰。 　　As a little boy， my parents taught me never to tell a lie.They couldn’t have me getting away with lying to them.They were strict 　　　　❶me and I was required to cut down the time spent in surfing the Internet in order to study.Meanwhile， they set a limit to the time 　　　　❷ I spent on my homework.My mother holds the firm belief that success lies in hard work while laziness leads to❸ failure. 微技能热身 1.①处应填介词 　with　。 2.②处应填关系词 　that/which/不填　。 3.③处短语可用单词　causes　替换。 limit n.限度；限制vt.限制；限定 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①（2023·全国乙卷） Once we found the place， it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the 　limited　 （limit） time. ②Inside the office， they encourage recycling and waste reduction by 　limiting　 （limit） garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. 【写美】 微写作 ③要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限制，将不被录用。 You are required to 　limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is 　beyond the limit　，it will not be accepted.　（通知） 【归纳】 （1）set a limit to sth　　对某事规定限度 there is no limit to ...　　对……是无限的 beyond the limit　　超出限制 （2）limit ...to ...　　把……限制在……内 （3）limited adj.　　有限的 limitless adj.　　无限的 【佳句】 ①There is a limit to one’s life， but there is no limit to serving the people. 人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。 ②Without friends， your world would be limited to wilderness.　（主旨升华） 没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。 lead to导致 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①（2023·全国甲卷）Confucius emphasized the importance of education and self-improvement，which he believed would lead to 　building　 （build） a harmonious society. 【写美】 微写作 ②众所周知，成功源于勤奋，而懒惰导致失败。 As is known to all， success lies in hard work while 　laziness leads to failure　.　（主旨升华） 【归纳】 lead sb to do ...　　使某人做…… lead sb to ...　　引导某人到…… lead the way　　带路 lead a（n） ...life　　过着……的生活 lead sb by the nose　　牵着某人的鼻子走 【佳句】 As students， we often spend long hours sitting in class， which can lead to health problems such as obesity and back pain. 作为学生，我们经常要在教室里坐很长时间，这可能会导致肥胖和背痛等健康问题。 A.v.带领　　B.n.行为；举止 C.v.指挥　　D.v.组织；实施；执行 E.v.传导（热或电等能量） Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全 维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义 1. conduct ①The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.　　　A　 ②It is common sense that water conducts heat faster than air.　　　E　 ③ Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe.　　　C　 ④For Europeans，the law is a statement of basic principles of civilized conduct.　　　B 　 ⑤（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.　　　D　 2.词义猜测 ①（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）For example， the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.　　n.职业人士　 ②The absolute most important skill that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions.On every single move you have to analyze a situation， process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.　　v.处理；弄清　 ③In such an emergency， he proved to us that he was a respectable， balanced person.　　adj.沉稳的；镇静的　 ④（2022·1月浙江卷）The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.　　vt.记录，记载　 ⑤I must change my bed sheets now because they are so dirty.　　n.被单；床单　 维度二 写作词汇夯实　——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配 单句语法填空 1.（2024·全国甲卷）This area， with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty， must be well 　preserved　 （preserve） for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. 2.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Seeing his figure 　disappearing　 （disappear） into thick evergreen forest， I felt relieved. 3.　To promote　 （promote） deep research into the writing system， the organization 　issued　 （issue） a series of plans last week. 4.（2022·全国甲卷）In my opinion， it is high time that the ocean departments from all over the world 　conducted/should conduct　 （conduct） various voluntary activities to prevent oceans from 　being destroyed　 （destroy）. 5.It would be a good idea if you could keep a 　balanced　 （balance） diet to keep physically healthy. 6.Given the chance，I would make 　donations　 （donate） to those who still live below the bottom line of the modern living condition. 7.Despite the 　loss　 （lose）of her sight and hearing， Helen Keller never lost the hope for life. 8.When we refer to 　processed　 （process） food，which is a major problem globally，many people hold a negative attitude. Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能 倡议书——保护文化遗产 　　假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，主题为“保护民族文化遗产”。请你围绕此主题写一份倡议书，内容包括： 　　1.文化遗产保护的重要性； 　　2.发出倡议。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1.在经济发展的过程中，新旧更替的时代已经到来。　（there comes a time when ...） 　In the process of economic development， there comes a time when the old must give way to the new.　 2.但是，就我而言我们应该在经济发展和文化遗产保护之间保持平衡。　（keep a balance between ...and ...） 　However， as far as I am concerned， we should keep a balance between economic development and the protection of cultural heritage.　 3.文化遗产不仅是一个国家的财富，而且是全世界的宝贵财富，是人类智慧的结晶。　（not only ...but also ...） 　Cultural heritage is not only the wealth of a country but also a precious treasure of the whole world and the crystallization of human wisdom.　 4.任何破坏遗产的行为都会造成巨大的文化损失，应该受到严厉惩罚。　（conduct；动词-ing短语作后置定语） 　Any conduct damaging the heritage will cause great cultural losses and should be severely punished.　 5.因此，我真诚地建议我们每个人都应该积极地为保护它们作出贡献。　（make a proposal；contribution） 　Therefore，I sincerely make a proposal that each of us individuals should make a contribution to their preservation actively.　 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 Cultural Heritage Protection 　　　As we all know， in the process of economic development， there comes a time when the old must give way to the new.However， as far as I am concerned， we should keep a balance between economic development and the protection of cultural heritage.　 　Cultural heritage is not only the wealth of a country but also a precious treasure of the whole world and the crystallization of human wisdom.We should spare no effort to preserve it in good condition.Any conduct damaging the heritage will cause great cultural losses and should be severely punished.　 　Therefore， I sincerely make a proposal that each of us individuals should make a contribution to their preservation actively.　 厚积薄发，下笔有神 亮词 环境描写：heritage， relic， mount， pyramid， roof， cave 动作描写：promote， keep a balance， make a proposal， protest， turn to， limit， prevent...from...， contribute， investigate， donate， disappear， make sure， contrast， identify 美句 ①There comes a time when the old must give way to the new， and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.　（主旨升华） ②Experts investigated the issue， conducted several tests， and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.　（动作描写） ③The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.　（拟人） ④Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.　（排比） 情感描写之“紧张” 词汇 美句 单词 形容词/副词：nervous， uneasy， tense， anxious， nervously ①Mary looked extremely nervous.She paced up and down，her throat tight，her mouth dry and her hands trembling. 玛丽看上去紧张极了。她来回踱步，喉咙发紧，嘴里发干，双手颤抖。 ②She spoke in a nervous and trembling voice and even stumbled a few times. 她说话声音紧张发抖，甚至结巴了几次。 ③Her trembling legs brought her onstage.Her heart pounded and her palms sweated. 她颤抖着双腿走上了舞台。她的心怦怦直跳，手心出汗。 名词/动词：tension， anxiety， tremble， shake， nervousness 词块 ①one’s heart is in/flies into one’s mouth心提到嗓子眼 ②a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张 ③with/have butterflies in one’s stomach 心里发慌 ④tremble with anxiety 焦虑不安 ⑤with one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆地 ⑥be full of anxiety 焦虑不安 ⑦with uneasiness不安地 情境导语 我来到后台，准备参加即将开始的歌唱比赛……　 第一步　完成句子 1.当我们站在后台的时候，我紧张极了。　（表紧张的名词作主语） When we were standing backstage， 　nervousness/tension came flooding over me　. 2.当叫到我的名字时，我感觉心都提到了嗓子眼。　（夸张的修辞手法） 　I could feel my heart in my mouth　 when my name was called. 3.我往舞台上走的时候，感觉手心冒汗，心跳加速。　（身体语言） While I was walking onto the stage， I could 　feel my palms sweating， heartbeat racing　. 4.挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来。　（形容词作宾语补足语） The hall packed with audience 　made me even more nervous　. 5.我的心狂跳，双腿发抖。我深吸一口气，心里七上八下。　（with复合结构） My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled.　With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply　. 6.我紧张地站在那里，喉咙发紧，想知道下一步该做什么。　（副词作状语；身体语言） 　I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight　， wondering what to do next. 7.我伸手去抓她的手，不料却发现她的手指冰冷，手在冒汗并颤抖着。　（身体语言） I reached to grab her hand， 　only to find her freezing fingers sweating and trembling　. 第二步　连句成文 　　　When we were standing backstage， nervousness/tension came flooding over me.I could feel my heart in my mouth when my name was called.While I was walking onto the stage， I could feel my palms sweating， heartbeat racing.However， the hall packed with audience made me even more nervous.My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled.With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply.I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight， wondering what to do next.Therefore， I reached to grab her hand， only to find her freezing fingers sweating and trembling.　 　　（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读理解B）Turning soil， pulling weeds， and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is， says Abby Jaramillo， who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts， a school garden program at four low-income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills， environmental awareness， and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores.“The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says.“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful， dirt is awful， insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt， most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes， at two middle schools and two high schools， include hands-on experiments such as soil testing， flower-and-seed dissection， tastings of fresh or dried produce， and work in the garden.Several times a year， students cook the vegetables they grow， and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently，” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition.Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.Besides， working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students， many of whom have emotional control issues.“They get outside，” she says， “and they feel successful.” 24.What do we know about Abby Jaramillo？（　　） A.She used to be a health worker. B.She grew up in a low-income family. C.She owns a fast food restaurant. D.She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的says Abby Jaramillo， who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts项目的一个发起人。 25.What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program？（　　） A.The kids’ parents distrusted her. B.Students had little time for her classes. C.Some kids disliked garden work. D.There was no space for school gardens. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The kids ...come to us thinking vegetables are awful， dirt is awful， insects are awful和some are initially ...turned off by the dirt可知，这个项目刚开始时面临的一个问题就是一些孩子不喜欢园艺工作。 26.Which of the following best describes the impact of the program？（　　） A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable. C.Short-lived. D.Unidentifiable. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这个学校菜园项目不仅能让学生吃得更有营养，而且还对那些有情绪控制问题的学生起到了镇静作用。由此可推知，该项目的影响是深远的。 27.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　） A.Rescuing School Gardens B.Experiencing Country Life C.Growing Vegetable Lovers D.Changing Local Landscape 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo和另一位老师启动Urban Sprouts项目，并带领学生种植蔬菜的故事，学生们开始对园艺感兴趣。因此C项（蔬菜种植爱好者）适合作本文标题。 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.snack n.　　小吃 2.experiment n.　　实验 3.dissection n.　　解剖；剖析 4.produce n.　　（尤指）农产品 5.nutrition n.　　营养 6.gardening n.　　园艺 7.issue n.　　问题 8.landscape n.　　风景 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.outnumber v.[合成词] （在数量上）压倒，比……多 （out＋number） 2.literally adv.[派生词] 真正地，确实地 （literal＋-ly） 3.initially adv.[派生词] 最初，起初 （initial＋-ly） 4.evaluation n.[派生词] 评价，评估 （evaluate＋-ion） 5.distrust v.[派生词] 不相信，怀疑 （dis-＋trust） 6.far-reaching adj.[合成词] 影响深远的 （far＋reaching） （三）由文本积主题词块 1.turn soil　　翻土 2.pull weeds　　拔草 3.tough work　　棘手的工作 4.environmental awareness　　环保意识 5.turn off　　使厌烦，使失去兴趣 6.（be） eager to do sth　　渴望做某事 7.go beyond 　　超过，超出 8.have a calming effect on　　对……有镇静作用 （四）由文本知变式运用 1.近义替换（用文中的词汇替换） ①a difficult job→　tough　 work ②at the very beginning→　initially　 2.熟词生义（文中生义） ①harvest [熟义] n.收获，收割；[生义] v.收获，收割 Turning soil， pulling weeds， and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. ②develop [熟义] v.发展；[生义] v.培养 The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles. ③start [熟义] v.开始；[生义] v.创建 Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. （五）由文本学靓丽表达 1.　Turning soil， pulling weeds， and harvesting cabbage　 （翻土、拔草和收割卷心菜） sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. 2.Though some 　are initially scared of　 （开始害怕） the insects and 　turned off　 （对……感到厌烦） by the dirt， most are eager to 　try something new　 （尝试新事物）. 3.Several times a year， students 　cook the vegetables they grow　 （用他们种植的蔬菜做饭）， and they occasionally 　make salads　 （制作沙拉） for their entire schools. （六）由文本学长难句分析 　Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. 结构分析：这是一个复合句。句子主干为　主谓状　结构；关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词　neighborhoods　，在该定语从句中含有and引导的两个　并列句　。 参考译文：　Jaramillo的学生们居住在这样的社区：在那里，新鲜的食物和绿地不易找到，而快餐店的数量超过了杂货店。　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·洛阳模拟）The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese Poetry and in the Song Dynasty， the emerging ci was the mainstream in Chinese literature.However， during the Yuan Dynasty zaju， or drama， prospered.There were about 100 dramatists who wrote about 500 plays， but most of them were unfortunately lost long ago. 　　There were several factors that made it possible for drama to develop in this period.Cities grew as a result of the growth of handicrafts and commerce， and people living in cities needed recreation and amusements.It was then possible for singers， story-tellers， actors and actresses to make a living.Scholars and writers who had frowned upon drama were then interested in it， and began to write it， because they wanted to use it as a weapon for attacking the rule they hated.Besides， in the early period of the Yuan Dynasty， imperial examinations were stopped， and Han scholars were no longer able to get government posts， as they were discriminated（歧视） against.They had to live as and among the ordinary people， and therefore they had a good understanding of the ordinary people’s lives and feelings， which gave them rich material for their plays. 　　The first well-known Yuan dramatist that should be mentioned is Guan Hanqing， who lived in the 13th century.A native of Dadu （now Beijing）， he worked there as a doctor， but was known for the many plays he wrote.His works include tragedies， comedies and historical plays.Some of them describe the life of the people of his day； others are based on historical events.All of them sing praises of the oppressed or expose the evils of the ruling classes. 　　The Injustice Suffered by Dou E may be Guan’s best-known tragedy.The play praises Dou E’s fighting spirit and exposes and condemns the dark society and unjust legal system.In many of his plays Guan Hanqing gives truthful pictures of the people’s sufferings under Yuan rule.Realism in his plays is intense and powerful. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了我国元朝时期杂剧兴盛的原因，并简要介绍了元朝最具代表性的剧作家关汉卿以及其代表作《窦娥冤》。 1.What does the underlined word “prospered” in the first paragraph mean？（　　） A.Became popular.　　 B.Became available. C.Became interesting.　　D.Became meaningful. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第一段语境可知，文章前面提到了我国唐朝盛行诗，宋朝盛行词，因此元朝应该是“盛行”杂剧。所以画线词与A项意思相近。 2.What is the author’s purpose of writing the second paragraph？（　　） A.To introduce a topic. B.To express an opinion. C.To provide some facts. D.To explain some reasons. 解析：D　写作意图题。根据第二段可知，本段主要分析了杂剧在元朝能够得到快速发展的几个关键因素。 3.What made Han scholars get rich material for their plays？（　　） A.Being looked down upon. B.Getting government posts. C.Passing imperial examinations. D.Getting close to common people. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，在元朝科举考试被停止，汉族知识分子失去了进入官场的机会；这使得他们跟普通老百姓生活在一起，从而获得了大量创作戏剧的材料。 4.Why did Guan Hanqing write The Injustice Suffered by Dou E？（　　） A.To criticize social evils. B.To record historical events. C.To reflect ordinary people’s lives. D.To describe the ruling classes’ lives. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，《窦娥冤》的主题是批判统治阶级并揭露社会的黑暗面。虽然该剧也描述了老百姓和统治阶级的生活，但并非作者创作的主要目的。 B 　　（2025·济宁质检）Tiangong Kaiwu or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature is widely regarded as the world’s first comprehensive book on agriculture and numerous industries， and an important encyclopedia （百科全书） of science and technology in China. 　　Written by Song Yingxing （1587－1661）， a renowned scientist and encyclopedist in the late years of the Ming Dynasty （1368－1644）， the book emphasizes the importance of collaboration between human beings and nature in farming and crafts.Song also devoted many pages to descriptions of the development of industries in 17th century China. 　　Born in today’s Jiangxi Province in eastern China to a scholar’s family， Song passed the imperial civil examinations at provincial level and obtained the degree of Juren or “Recommended Man” at the age of 28. 　　In 1634， Song was appointed the education official in Fenyi County in Jiangxi Province and began to write Tiangong Kaiwu.When the great work was completed three years later， Song sent the encyclopedia to press， with financial help from friends. 　　Tiangong Kaiwu contains 18 volumes in three parts.Featuring more than 120 detailed illustrations， the book describes the components and working procedures of more than 130 types of technology and tools used in agriculture and industry.The detailed and accurate illustrations contained in the book have proved extremely useful for people in subsequent centuries to better understand many production technologies and tools used in China.Song also introduced a number of new technologies and discoveries into his encyclopedia. 　　As historian Joseph Needham has observed， the vast amount of accurately drawn illustrations in this encyclopedia dwarfed （使相形见绌） the amount provided in previous Chinese encyclopedias， making it a valuable written work in history.At the same time， Tiangong Kaiwu broke from Chinese tradition by rarely referencing previous written work.It is instead written in a style strongly suggestive of first-hand experience.In the preface to the work， Song attributed this difference to his poverty and low standing. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。《天工开物》是世界上第一部关于农业和手工业生产的综合性著作，是中国古代一部综合性的科学技术著作，作者是明朝科学家宋应星。外国学者称它为“中国17世纪的工艺百科全书”。 5.What did Song Yingxing stress in Tiangong Kaiwu？（　　） A.Linking theory with practice. B.Keeping pace with the times. C.Living in harmony with nature. D.Applying what one has learned. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，宋应星在《天工开物》一书中强调了在农业和手工业中人与自然和谐相处的重要性。 6.When did Song Yingxing finish Tiangong Kaiwu？（　　） A.At the age of 40.　　 B.At the age of 45. C.At the age of 50.　　 D.At the age of 55. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，宋应星于1634年开始创作《天工开物》一书，三年后（1637年）完成了该书；再结合第二段第一句可知，宋应星出生于1587年。由此可知，他完成这本书的时候50岁。 7.What is one distinguishing feature of Tiangong Kaiwu？（　　） A.Focusing on industry. B.Exploring new technologies. C.Offering lots of experiments. D.Containing plenty of pictures. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，《天工开物》一书包含120多幅详细准确的插图，这一点远远超过其他同类图书，且给读者带来极大的便利。 8.How was Tiangong Kaiwu different from other works in history？（　　） A.It was highly original. B.It covered different fields. C.It quoted from the classics. D.It cited from ancient works. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，《天工开物》一书打破传统，很少参考前人的著作。相反，它是以一种强烈暗示第一手经验的风格写成的。也就是说，该书具有很大的原创性。 C 　　（原创·China Daily）Chinese artificial intelligence pioneer SenseTime unveiled an AI interactive Go （围棋） version of its consumer product “SenseRobot”， bringing AI technologies and the Go game to more households. 　　Go， or weiqi in Chinese， is one of the earliest binary-based games and known for its complexity （复杂）.After the historical game between South Korean Go master Lee Se-dol and AlphaGo in 2016， AI has gradually become an important “assistant” for players to train and improve. 　　Featuring SenseTime’s advanced AI and robotic arm technology， the AI Go robot can practice and play games on a real board.Equipped with a large number of selected exercises and human-machine game training at 20 levels， the robot can meet the demands of both the amateur and the professional.It also enables connection to online Go platforms， where the user can play actual games with millions of players from across the world. 　　Compared with the SenseRobot’s xiangqi model launched last August， which plays Chinese chess， this new robot has seen many technical breakthroughs.Shen Hui， Dean of the Innovative Engineering Institute of SenseTime， said it was much harder to develop the Go robot and the previous version has laid a solid foundation. 　　Shen highlighted the robotic arm.Using cutting-edge visual techniques， algorithms （算法） and the company’s originally designed arm， the robot can read the board and pick up small chess pieces precisely.Furthermore， the robot is able to reconstruct the scene of playing a real game， Shen said. 　　Nie Weiping， a Chinese Go master and the vice chairman of the Chinese Weiqi Association， tried the new robot and spoke highly of it.“Modern technology brings unprecedented challenges and opportunities，” Nie said.He also noted the SenseRobot will promote the development of Go culture and help the public feel the charm of the game. 　　“We hope SenseRobot can redefine the future of family robots，” said Xu Li， chairman and CEO of SenseTime.“It can not only bring new life experience for families， but can also inject new vitality （活力） into the Go game as our cultural treasure， and promote the diverse development of our traditional culture.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。中国人工智能先驱商汤科技推出了其消费产品SenseRobot的人工智能交互式围棋版本，将人工智能技术和围棋游戏带入更多家庭。 9.What has made AI gradually become an important “assistant” for players？（　　） A.The market demand. B.The players’ request. C.A man-machine competition. D.A man-machine cooperation. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在2016年韩国围棋大师李世石与AlphaGo的历史性对决之后，人工智能逐渐成为棋手训练和提高的重要“助手”。 10.What can we learn about the AI Go robot？（　　） A.It has two robotic arms. B.It is designed for beginners. C.It allows users to play with real players. D.It isn’t so complicated as the xiangqi model. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三至五段可知，这款围棋机器人有一只手臂，配备20种级别的难度，适合各种水平的围棋爱好者；它比象棋版机器人要更加复杂；另外，它实现了联网，用户也可以同网上来自全球的真实选手对弈。 11.What was Nie Weiping’s attitude toward the AI Go robot？（　　） A.Curious.　　 B.Worried. C.Confused.　　 D.Favourable. 解析：D　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段可知，聂卫平认为，SenseRobot围棋机器人将促进围棋文化的发展，帮助公众感受围棋的魅力。 12.What would be the best title for the text？（　　） A.SenseTime Launches Go Robot Powered by AI B.SenseTime Promotes Go Game to More Players C.The AI Go Robot Has Made Technical Breakthroughs D.The AI Go Robot Brings Challenges and Opportunities 解析：A　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要报道了商汤科技推出SenseRobot围棋机器人一事，重点介绍了其功能。因此，A项为本文最佳标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·无锡模拟）China’s Peking Opera radiates with the beauty of different colors — vivid， intense and glamorous.This artistic beauty comes not only from the costumes but also from the masks. 　　Masks， applied to the two roles of the “jing” or “male character” and the “chou” or “clown” serve two purposes.13.（　　）.For example， a “red face” means the person is loyal and brave； a “black face” signifies the person is straightforward； a “white face” identifies the person as crafty and evil.The other purpose is to express people’s judge of the roles from a moral and aesthetic point of view， such as respectable， hateful， noble， or ridiculous， etc. 　　14.（　　）.For example， Zhang Fei， a heroic character from the Three Kingdoms Period， has a facial design in Peking Opera in the shape of a butterfly — a masterpiece perfectly combining personality and artistic design.Many Chinese folk handicrafts， posters， advertisements， and fashions adopt Peking Opera masks as a source element in their designs. 　　To Chinese people， going to the theater to enjoy Peking Opera or other artistic performances is known as “seeing plays”.15.（　　）？ In Peking Opera， “a play” is not so much the story or plot but a world of images created onstage. 　　Mei Lanfang， the greatest Peking Opera artist， once remarked that the feature of the art of Peking Opera is “actors being at the center”.16.（　　）. 　　The performance of a Peking Opera actor can be summarized into four basic aspects， of singing， speaking， acting， and fighting.17.（　　）， because first of all， Peking Opera is a singing art. A.What is a “play” in the Chinese context B.Peking opera dates back to the 18th century C.Why is the plot of a story important in Peking Opera D.One is to indicate the identity and character of the role E.Peking Opera actors are the core of creating a world of images onstage F.Singing is of the greatest importance in the performance of Peking Opera G.Peking Opera masks are in themselves an art of beautiful colors and designs 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。京剧，中国国粹之一，是中国影响力最大的戏曲剧种。2006年5月，京剧被国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。 13.D　上文指出京剧脸谱有两种功能，下文出现了The other purpose，因此这里应该先说第一种功能。故D项符合语境。 14.G　本段主要讲述了京剧脸谱之美。由于它的艺术美感，许多中国民间工艺品、海报、广告和时装都采用京剧脸谱作为其设计的灵感来源。故G项适合作为本段的主题句。 15.A　上句提到了seeing plays这一说法，下句又解释了什么是play，故A项承上启下，符合语境。 16.E　上文引用梅兰芳的话说明京剧表演中演员的重要性，E项（京剧演员是塑造舞台形象的核心）则是对梅兰芳讲话的进一步补充说明。 17.F　上文指出京剧表演包括唱、念、做、打四部分，F项接着说明这四部分中“唱”是最重要的。 24 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $