板块三 第四讲 特殊句式-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word(人教版)

2025-12-29
| 9页
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教辅
拾光树文化
进店逛逛

摘要:

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考特殊句式核心考点,涵盖强调句、省略句、倒装句等七大句式,按“结构特征-考点分类-真题链接”逻辑架构知识体系,通过考点梳理(如强调句五种基本结构)、方法指导(如倒装句完全与部分倒装辨析)、真题训练(近三年高考题及模拟题),帮助学生系统构建句式知识网络。 资料创新采用“句式对比辨析法”,如通过表格区分强调句与主语从句、定语从句的差异,结合核心素养中的思维品质(分析比较)和语言能力(句式准确运用),设计“语篇打造”环节让学生在语境中运用特殊句式。设置基础填空、真题仿写、语篇写作分层练习,配合即时纠错与策略总结,确保学生高效突破难点,为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

内容正文:

第四讲 特殊句式 一、强调句 1.强调句的基本句型结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人,且作主语时,引导词也可用who。强调主语时要注意被强调的主语与that后面的谓语的一致性。 It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress. 是我们的老师帮助我们取得了巨大的进步。 2.强调句的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分? Was it in the park that he met our new teacher? 他是在公园里遇到了我们的新老师吗? 3.强调句的特殊疑问句结构:疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分? When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定上这门课的? 点津 由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。 He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake.他问我是谁错拿了他的伞。 4.not ... until ...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他部分。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上直到十二点我才去睡觉。 5.用助动词do、 does或did来强调谓语动词,用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中,do还可以用于祈使句。 His parents did manage to send him to a technical school. 他父母确实设法把他送到了一所技术学校。  单句语法填空 ①I can’t remember what it was  that  made the teacher give Mary the permission to leave the class earlier. ②(2025·安阳联考)It was in the early 1980s  that  local authorities began to repair the town’s older structures. ③It was not until we heard that she was safe and sound  that  we finally breathed a sigh of relief. ④Was it yesterday  that  you met your teacher in the street? 二、省略句 1.状语从句中的省略 (1)当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的谓语含有be动词,且主语和主句的主语一致或其主语是it时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。 When seeing foreign friends, we should warmly help them, making them feel the enthusiasm of our Chinese. 当见到外国朋友时,我们应该热情地帮助他们,让他们感受到我们中国人的热情。 (2)if省略结构 if so如果这样的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if not如果不是这样的话 2.动词不定式的省略 在一定的上下文中为了避免重复,可以省略动词不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语),只保留动词不定式符号to,否定形式的省略用not to。但如果省略的动词不定式结构中含有be、 have(作助动词用),通常保留be或have。 Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don’t want to. 首先,当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时,可能会感到是被迫的。  单句语法填空 ①(2025·湖南雅礼中学月考)People gather in public spaces and light incense (香) and candles  while/when  offering food, drinks and other items to the gods. ②I hope it will be fine this Sunday. If  so , we’ll go for an outing. ③Though  facing  (face) great pressure, the speakers bravely overcame it. ④Music and art, when  used  (use) in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure. ⑤While  standing  (stand) there, he heard a cry for help. 三、倒装句 1.完全倒装 表示时间、地点或方位的副词或介词短语(here、 there、 now、 then、 out、 in、 up、 down、 away、 on the wall、 in the room等)置于句首,且句子主语为名词时,句子用完全倒装。 There stands a big tree full of fruit on one side of the stream.在小溪的一边有一棵硕果累累的大树。 2.部分倒装 (1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构,这类词(组)有never、 seldom、 rarely、 little、 few、 at no time、 by no means、 no longer、 hardly/scarcely ...when ...、 no sooner ...than ...、 not only ...but also ...、 not until、 nowhere、 neither ...nor ...等。 Never will I give up my dream of becoming an astronaut. 我永远不会放弃成为一名宇航员的梦想。 Not only does Shuey Rhon Rhon imply tolerance, integration, harvest, warmth and light, but it also represents friendship, courage and strength. 雪容融不仅象征着宽容、融合、收获、温暖和光明,还代表着友谊、勇气和力量。 (2)“only+状语”置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。 Only in this way will we get through the darkest time. 只有这样,我们才能度过最黑暗的时刻。 Only when you have a better understanding of Chinese table manners can you behave properly. 只有当你更好地了解中国的餐桌礼仪时,你才能表现得体。 (3)so/such ...that ...结构中的so、 such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装。 So significant is the volleyball match that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule. 这场排球比赛意义重大,每个人都应该提前到达我们学校的体育馆。 (4)as引导让步状语从句时,必须将从句的表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。though引导让步状语从句可倒装也可不倒装;although引导让步状语从句不倒装。句子的倒装语序有以下三种形式: ①形容词/副词+as+主语+连系动词be/实义动词; ②名词+as+主语+连系动词be (注意句首的名词不带冠词); ③实义动词+as+主语+助动词(如果没有助动词,则要加上do/does/did)。 Tired as/though we are, we are proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world. 虽然我们很累,但我们为自己感到自豪,并相信我们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事情。 Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely. 我虽然很佩服他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的。 Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。 Try as he may, he never succeeds. 尽管他很努力,但他从未成功。 (5)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”,其中so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义。 I’m so excited at the news and so are my friends Mary and Tom. 我对这个消息感到兴奋,我的朋友玛丽和汤姆也是。  单句语法填空 ①But here  comes  (come) a problem: Should we clone humans? ②Not until recently  did  they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. ③Absurd  as/though  it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. ④Only after I talked to two students  did  I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. ⑤So clearly  does  he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 四、其他句式 1.感叹句 (1)由what引导的感叹句: ①What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! ②What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语! ③What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词! What a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before. 多么奇怪的一种植物啊!我以前从未见过它。 What terrible problems we would face! 我们将面临多么严重的问题啊! (2)由how引导的感叹句: ①How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! ②How+形容词(+a/an)+名词+主语+谓语! ③How+形容词/副词! How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花儿多美啊! 2.there be结构 (1)there be结构可以有不同的时态,可以和助动词或情态动词连用,并且该结构中的be有时可用 live、 remain、 stand、 lie、 exist、 seem to be、 appear to be、 happen to be、 used to be等替换。 There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那时起,我们国家有了很多巨大的变化。 Once upon a time, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前,在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 (2)there be结构的常考句型: ①There is no point/sense (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义 ②There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问…… ③There is no need (for sb) to do sth (某人)没有必要做某事 ④There is no/a possibility of (doing) sth/that ... (做)某事没有/有可能性 This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing. 这并不意味着我们正变得比以前更聪明或是不如以前聪明,但是毫无疑问,我们使用记忆力的方式正在发生变化。 3.祈使句 祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。 (1)祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略,也可不省)。祈使句的否定式一般在动词原形前加don’t或never。祈使句的强调形式可以在谓语动词前面加do。 Do your homework before you watch TV. 看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。 (2)“祈使句+and/or+简单句”可以表示假设。 Call me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the experimental result. 明天给我打电话,我会让你知道实验结果。 Start out right away, or we’ll miss the first train. 现在立刻出发,否则我们将会错过首班火车。  单句语法填空 ① What  a fantastic Chinese painting show it is! ② How  beautiful the West Lake is! ③Get dressed quickly,  or  you’ll be late for school. When      (ride) a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. 分析:riding 主从句的主语一致,从句中省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为When you are riding a bicycle。 It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house      we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 分析:that 此处是强调句:It was+被强调部分+that+句子其他部分。本句强调的是时间状语。 一、模拟选萃 1.Professor Salovery,who invented the term EQ,gives the following description:At work,it is IQ  that  gets you promoted. 2. Sitting  (sit) in the first row is my headteacher,who will deliver a speech on the stage. 3.Although  warned  (warn) several times,the boy still went swimming in the river. 4.Present at the party last night  were  (be) Mr Green and many other guests. 5.Some of you may have finished the text.  If  so, you can go on to the next. 6.The brave boy  did  (do) save a baby in the lake but he didn’t tell anyone. 二、高考连线 7.(天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment  that  I first came across my new neighbors. 8.(上海卷)But like so many other things,it is only too much stress  that  does you harm. 9.(天津卷)Only when Lily walked into the office  did  (do) she realize that she had left the contract at home. 10.(湖北卷)Into the complete silence of the waiting class  came (come) the teacher’s sweet voice,“Good morning, children.” 一、词语推敲 1.not until ... (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)直到我的老师带我到校园布告栏,在那里我看到了获奖名单,我才相信我能得奖。 Not until my teacher took me to the campus noticeboard where I saw the winner list did I believe I could win the prize. 运用:直到昨天我才得知我们班这个周末要开一个重要的会议——正好是我们要见面的时间。  Not until yesterday was I informed  that our class was going to hold an important meeting this weekend — exactly the time when we shall meet. 2.祈使句+and/or+陈述句 (新高考Ⅰ卷)我正要放弃的时候老师对我喊:“坚持下去,你会成功的。” I was about to give up when my teacher shouted at me,“Keep up, and you will make it.” 运用:埃莉(Elli)说:“快点,否则熊会追上我们的。” “ Hurry up, or the bear will catch up with us ,” said Elli. 3.强调句 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)正是我的老师很体贴地鼓励我去参加,鼓励我发挥自己讲故事的潜力。 It was my teacher who/that was considerate enough to encourage me to attend it,inspiring me to take advantage of my potential in telling stories. 运用:(2022·1月浙江卷)正是在那个文化节上,你分享了很多关于你们国家的有趣的事情。  It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things  about your country. 4.“only+状语(从句)”位于句首的倒装句 (2023·全国乙卷)从这件事中我明白了,只有通过不断的练习,我才能真正学会一项新技能。 From this I understand that only by practising constantly can I truly learn a new skill. 运用:(2022·全国甲卷)只有当所有人都努力保护海洋时,海洋环境才会变得越来越好。  Only when all the people make their efforts to protect the ocean will the ocean environment become  better and better. 5.倒装句(so+adj.+be+sb/sth+that从句) (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫如此坚定,他终于到达了终点,所有的学生都为他欢呼。 So determined was David that he finally reached the finishing line and all the students cheered for him. 运用:伯纳德(Bernard)是如此开心以至于他给了约翰一个大大的拥抱。  So happy was Bernard  that he gave John a big hug. 6.完全倒装 (浙江卷)我的爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,他们看起来既悲伤又焦虑。 Beside the old truck stood my dad and mom, looking sad and anxious. 运用:后院有两只在草坪上快乐打滚(tumble)的狗。 In the backyard  were two happy dogs tumbling about on the grassland . 7.not only ...but (also)...倒装 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)从那时起,我不仅掌握了良好的写作能力,而且我也知道了一个真理:恐惧永远不会创造未来,但希望可以。 From then on, not only did I have a good command of writing, but I also knew the truth: Fear never builds the future, but hope does. 运用:(2022·全国甲卷)海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物,而且它还维持了自然界的平衡。  Not only does the ocean  offer us sufficient food,  but it also maintains  the balance of nature. 二、语篇打造   根据汉语提示完成下面短文,注意特殊句式的运用。   My favourite proverb is “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” It means that only if we stick to our dreams and never give up 1. will we be able to overcome all kinds of difficulties  (我们才能克服各种各样的困难).   Memories rushed to my mind when I saw this topic.2. When in high school  (在高中的时候), I had great enthusiasm for English and intended to take part in an English speech contest.However, 3. when preparing for it  (在准备比赛的时候), I found it very challenging to collect information and use the language correctly.I was about to give up when my dad noticed and offered this proverb to me.Thanks to my father’s encouragement, I spared no effort to solve every problem with confidence.If it hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have won the prize finally.Only then 4. did I realise how important a strong will is  (我才意识到坚强的意志是多么重要)!   In a word, 5. not only does the proverb enable me to face the difficulties bravely  (这句谚语不仅使我勇敢地面对困难), but it also contributes much to keeping confident all the time. Therefore, keep in mind: Where there’s a will, there’s a way.Success comes to those who never give up. 疑难突破二 如何辨别强调句和三种从句 强调句 基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分 这一句型中的It没有指代意义。当去掉It is/was和后面的that/who时,句子在结构上仍然完整,句意上仍然通顺,只是不再突出强调某一成分 主语从句 开头的It是形式主语,主语从句是真正的主语 定语从句 that为关系代词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语 时间状 语从句 it表示时间 【题组1】 (1)It is Chinese’s becoming an official UNWTO language     will help China’s tourism industry grow. (2)It really matters     he treated the latest failure, for the examination is around the corner. 分析:(1)that 句意:中文成为联合国世界旅游组织的官方语言将有助于中国旅游业的发展。把It is和横线去掉,剩下的部分句子结构完整且意义通顺,因此可以确定此处是强调句,被强调部分是Chinese’s becoming an official UNWTO language。 (2)how 句意:他如何对待最近的失败非常重要,因为考试即将到来。分析句子结构可知,It是形式主语,真正的主语是he treated the latest failure,且此部分主谓宾俱全,应该考虑填连接副词。根据句意可知,此处表示“他如何对待最近的失败”。 【题组2】 (1)It is novels      Miss William enjoys reading. (2)It is a question      needs careful consideration. 分析:(1)that 句意:威廉小姐喜欢阅读小说。把It is和横线去掉,剩下的部分句子结构完整且意义通顺,因此可以确定此处是强调句,被强调部分是novels。 (2)which/that 句意:它是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。句中It有词义,因此排除强调句。从句中缺少主语,修饰question,因此判断此处为定语从句。 【题组3】 (1)It was at six o’clock      I got up today. (2)It was six o’clock      I got up today. 分析:(1)that 句意:今天我是六点起床的。把It was和横线去掉,剩下的部分句子结构完整且意义通顺,因此可以确定此处是强调句,被强调部分是at six o’clock。 (2)when 句意:今天我起床时六点了。句中It表示时间,因此可以确定此处引导时间状语从句。 8 / 8 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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板块三 第四讲 特殊句式-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word(人教版)
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板块三 第四讲 特殊句式-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word(人教版)
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板块三 第四讲 特殊句式-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word(人教版)
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