专题5 词汇与语法（动词的时态、语态和主谓一致）-【江西省三校生对口升学考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【江西省三校生对口升学考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 词汇与语法（动词的时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握主谓一致，非谓语动词、情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. He ________ in this factory since he left school. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. is working 2. I’ll call you as soon as I ________ in Beijing. A. arrive B. will arrive C. arrived D. am arriving 2024年 1. Cooking skills ________ not only in the classroom but also in practice. A. taught B. are taught C. be taught D. being taught 2. According to the report, the number of some wild animals ________. A. drop B. is dropping C. are dropping D. were dropped 3. — Our computer is working again! — Yes Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour. A. has fixed B. will fix C. is fixing D. was fixing 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we will delay our camping trip. A. will rain B. rained C. rains D. is raining 2023年 1.The next Olympic Games in Paris in 2024. A.will hold B.is held C.was held D.will be held 2.Although the meal was cold,it delicious. A.tastes B.tasted C.feels D.felt 3.—This is Bob speaking.May I speak to Alice? —Sorry, but she five minutes ago. A.left B.leaves C.will leave D.has left 4.—Do you know the man under the tree? —Yes.I him for years. A.know B.knew C.have known D.am knowing 2022年 1. Look! A student ____________playing basketball on the playground. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. —I ____________to the post office. —While you are there, can you get me some stamps? A.went B. have gone C. am going D. go 3.—Has Kate finished her report? —I don’t know. She ____________it last night. A. will write B. has written C. is writing D. was writing 4. —The room is dirty. —I know. It ____________for weeks. A. hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned C. wasn’t cleaned D. didn’t clean 2021年 1. John and Tom ________ in the school band last year, but they’re with the dance club this year. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. My brother has a loud voice. His voice can ________ clearly even in a big hall. A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. heard 3. Mr. Green told us a joke and it made us all ________. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 4. —When will Kate come to stay with us? —She will come next week. She ________ me that by telephone yesterday. A. tells B. will tell C. was telling D. told 考向02 主谓一致 2025年 1. There ________ some milk and two apples on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has 考向03 非谓语动词 2025年 1. My sister is good at _______. She can sing many English songs. A. sing B. to sing C singing D. sings 2. My mother asked me ________ computer games too much. A. not play B. not to play C. to not play D. don’t play 3. This math problem is ________ difficult for me ________ work out. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. as; as 4. You look tired. You’d better ________ a good rest. A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having 5. The students are busy ________ for the final exam. A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared 2024年 1. The clown looks so funny that I can’t help ________ when I see him. A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. to laugh 2. The smart library ________ last year will be open to the public next week. A. build B. built C. to build D. being built 2023年 1.—Promise anyone! —I promise. A.not telling B.not to tell C.to not tell D.to not telling。 2.My brother enjoys ,while I love A.reading;travel B.to read;to travel C.reading;travelling D.to read;travelling 2022年 1. You have had your hair ____________; it looks great. A. cuts B. cutting C. to cut D. cut 2. I suggested her ____________out to dinner for a change. A. taken B. take C. to take D. taking 3. Do you want me ____________what the story is about? A. telling B. to tell C. told D. tell 2021年 1. —What are you going to do this weekend? —I am thinking of ________ my uncle. A. to visit B. visited C. visiting D. visit 2. —Tom failed the final examination. —I am ________ at the result. He has been working so hard. A. surprised B. surprising C. moved D. moving 考向04 情态动词 2024年 1. — Excuse me, can I borrow this book? — Sure, but you ________ return it by the end of this term. A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【江西省三校生对口升学考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 词汇与语法（动词的时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握主谓一致，非谓语动词、情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. He ________ in this factory since he left school. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. is working 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：他离开学校后就一直在这家工厂工作。根据时间状语since he left school可知， 这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选C。 2. I’ll call you as soon as I ________ in Beijing. A. arrive B. will arrive C. arrived D. am arriving 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一到北京就给你打电话。分析句子结构及选项可知， 句子含有“as soon as”引导的时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则， 即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。本句中主句“I’ll call you”是一般将来时， 所以从句用一般现在时，主语是“I”，动词用原形arrive。故选A。 2024年 1. Cooking skills ________ not only in the classroom but also in practice. A. taught B. are taught C. be taught D. being taught 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：烹饪技巧不仅在课堂上教授，而且在实践中也教授。主语Cooking skills和动词teach之间是被动关系，“烹饪技巧被教授”，应用被动语态，B选项are taught是一般现在时的被动语态，符合题意。故选B。 2. According to the report, the number of some wild animals ________. A. drop B. is dropping C. are dropping D. were dropped 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态及主谓一致性。句意：根据该报告，某些野生动物的数量正在减少。“the number of +名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“is dropping”符合要求，用现在进行时表示“正在下降”，符合报道描述现状的语境。故选B。 3. — Our computer is working again! — Yes Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour. A. has fixed B. will fix C. is fixing D. was fixing 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我们的电脑又能工作了！——是的。我们的信息技术老师已经修好了它。这花了他大约一个小时。根据“Our computer is working again!”可知，电脑现在已经修好了，说明修电脑这个动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了影响（电脑能工作了），所以应用现在完成时，其结构为“have /has +过去分词”。故选A。 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we will delay our camping trip. A. will rain B. rained C. rains D. is raining 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果明天下雨，我们将推迟露营旅行。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。从句主语it是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用rains。故选C。 2023年 1.The next Olympic Games in Paris in 2024. A.will hold B.is held C.was held D.will be held 答案：D 解析：未来事件需用将来时被动语态 "will be held"。其他选项时态或语态错误。 2.Although the meal was cold,it delicious. A.tastes B.tasted C.feels D.felt 答案：B 解析：描述过去的味觉用过去时 "tasted"。其他选项时态或感官动词错误。 3.—This is Bob speaking.May I speak to Alice? —Sorry,but she five minutes ago. A.left B.leaves C.will leave D.has left 答案：A 解析： “five minutes ago”是明确的过去时间状语，动词需用一般过去时 left。 4.—Do you know the man under the tree? —Yes.I him for years. A.know B.knew C.have known D.am knowing 答案：C 解析： “for years”是一段时间，与现在完成时连用，表示从过去持续到现在的状态， 用 have known。know 不用进行时。 2022年 1. Look! A student ____________playing basketball on the playground. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：A 解析：“Look!”表明是现在正在发生的动作，要用现在进行时，其结构是“be动词 + 动词的现在分词”。主语“A student”是单数，be动词用“is”，所以选A。B选项“are”用于复数主语；C选项“was”是is的过去式；D选项“were”是are的过去式，均不符合现在进行时的要求。 2. —I ____________to the post office. —While you are there, can you get me some stamps? A.went B. have gone C. am going D. go 答案：C 解析：根据答语“While you are there, can you get me some stamps?（当你在那里的时候，能给我买些邮票吗？）”可知，说话者是打算去邮局，还没有去，所以用一般将来时。“be going to”表示打算、计划做某事，符合语境。A选项“went”是一般过去时；B选项“have gone”是现在完成时，表示已经去了某地；D选项“go”是一般现在时，均不符合，所以选C。 3.—Has Kate finished her report? —I don’t know. She ____________it last night. A. will write B. has written C. is writing D. was writing 答案：D 解析：根据“last night”可知，句子时态是一般过去时。A选项“will write”是一般将来时；B选项“has written”是现在完成时；C选项“is writing”是现在进行时；D选项“was writing”是过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，符合“昨晚她正在写报告”的语境，所以选D。 4. —The room is dirty. —I know. It ____________for weeks. A. hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned C. wasn’t cleaned D. didn’t clean 答案：A 解析：根据“for weeks”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，且“room”和“clean”之间是被动关系，即“房间被打扫”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has + been + 过去分词”。B选项“hasn’t cleaned”是主动语态；C选项“wasn’t cleaned”是一般过去时的被动语态；D选项“didn’t clean”是一般过去时的主动语态，均不符合，所以选A。 2021年 1. John and Tom ________ in the school band last year, but they’re with the dance club this year. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致及时态。句意：约翰和汤姆去年在学校乐队，但今年他们在舞蹈社。分析句子结构可知，“John and Tom”是作主语，指的是两个人，故谓语动词用复数形式；且根据“last year”可知，此处用一般过去时，用are的过去式were。故选D。 2. My brother has a loud voice. His voice can ________ clearly even in a big hall. A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. heard 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：我哥哥的声音很大。他的声音甚至在一个大礼堂里也能被清楚地听见。“voice (声音)”和“hear (听见)”之间是被动的关系，故应用被动语态；且该句中有情态动词“can”，情态动词的被动结构为“情态动词+be done”，故该空应填“can be heard”意为“能够被听见”。故选B。 3. Mr. Green told us a joke and it made us all ________. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 【答案】A 【详解】考查使役动词及非谓语动词。句意：格林先生给我们讲了一个笑话，把我们都逗笑了。根据结构“make sb. do sth.让某人做某事”可知，此处用laugh。故选A。 4. —When will Kate come to stay with us? —She will come next week. She ________ me that by telephone yesterday. A. tells B. will tell C. was telling D. told 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：—凯特什么时候来和我们住在一起？—她下周来。她昨天在电话里告诉我了。根据本句中的“yesterday”可知，此处用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式told。故选D。 考向02 主谓一致 2025年 1. There ________ some milk and two apples on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：桌子上有一些牛奶 两个苹果。根据句意可知，这是表示“某地有某物”的there be句型，其中be动词的单复数应与就近主语名词的单复数保持一致，本句中就近主语名词milk为不可数，因此be动词应用is。故选A。 考向03 非谓语动词 2025年 1. My sister is good at _______. She can sing many English songs. A. sing B. to sing C singing D. sings 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我的姐姐擅长唱歌。她能唱很多英文歌曲。be good at意为“擅长”，at是介词，其后接动词应用动名词作宾语。故选C。 2. My mother asked me ________ computer games too much. A. not play B. not to play C. to not play D. don’t play 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈叫我不要玩太多电脑游戏。“ask sb. not to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“要求某人不要做某事”，其中not要放在to do之前，即not to play。故选B。 3. This math problem is ________ difficult for me ________ work out. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. as; as 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配和动词不定式作结果状语。句意：这道数学题太难了，我解不出来。A. too … to太……而不能……（to后面接动词原形）；B. so … that如此……以至于……（that引导从句）；C. such … that如此……以至于……（that引导从句）；D. as … as和……一样……（后一个as接名词、代词或引导从句）。根据第二空后面的动词短语“work out”可知，此处只有A选项符合句意和语法规则。故选A。 4. You look tired. You’d better ________ a good rest. A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having 【答案】A 【详解】考查had better的用法以及非谓语动词。句意：你看起来很累。你最好停下来好好休息。had better do sth“最好做某事”；stop to do sth“停下来去做另一件事”；stop doing sth“停止正在做的事”。根据“You look tired. You’d better ... a good rest.”可知，建议停下来去休息，所以应用stop to do sth。stop to have符合要求。故选A。 5. The students are busy ________ for the final exam. A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定用法。句意：学生们正忙着准备期末考试。be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，这是个固定用法，空处应用动名词作宾语。故选C。 2024年 1. The clown looks so funny that I can’t help ________ when I see him. A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. to laugh 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小丑看起来太滑稽了，我一看到他就忍不住笑了。can’t help doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为“忍不住做某事”，所以此处应用laughing。故选B。 2. The smart library ________ last year will be open to the public next week. A. build B. built C. to build D. being built 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年建成的智能图书馆将于下周向公众开放。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语“will be open”，所以此处应用非谓语动词。library和build之间是被动关系，且根据last year可知，图书馆已经被建成，所以应用过去分词built作后置定语，修饰library。故选B。 2023年 1.—Promise anyone! —I promise. A.not telling B.not to tell C.to not tell D.to not telling 答案：B 解析："promise not to do" 为固定搭配，表示“承诺不做某事”。 2.My brother enjoys ,while I love A.reading;travel B.to read;to travel C.reading;travelling D.to read;travelling 答案：C 解析： enjoy 后接动名词 (doing)；love 后可接 to do 或 doing，但空后没有 to，而且 love doing 表示一贯爱好，与 enjoy doing 并列更自然。reading 与 travelling 形式一致。 2022年 1. You have had your hair ____________; it looks great. A. cuts B. cutting C. to cut D. cut 答案：D 解析：“have sth. done”是一个固定结构，意思是“让某事被做”，这里表示“让头发被剪”，即“理发”。A选项“cuts”是动词的第三人称单数形式；B选项“cutting”是动词的现在分词形式；C选项“to cut”是动词不定式，均不符合该结构，所以选D。 2. I suggested her ____________out to dinner for a change. A. taken B. take C. to take D. taking 答案：D 解析：“suggest”作“建议”讲时，后面接动词的 -ing 形式作宾语补足语，即“suggest sb. doing sth.”，表示“建议某人做某事”。A选项“taken”是过去分词；B选项“take”是动词原形；C选项“to take”是动词不定式，均不符合该结构，所以选D。 3. Do you want me ____________what the story is about? A. telling B. to tell C. told D. tell 答案：B 解析：“want sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意思是“想要某人做某事”，所以这里应该用动词不定式“to tell”。A选项“telling”是动词的现在分词形式；C选项“told”是动词的过去式和过去分词形式；D选项“tell”是动词原形，均不符合该固定搭配，所以选B。 2021年 1. —What are you going to do this weekend? —I am thinking of ________ my uncle. A. to visit B. visited C. visiting D. visit 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：—这个周末你打算做什么？—我正在考虑去看望我的叔叔。介词后加动名词，根据“thinking of”可知，此处用动名词形式visiting。故选C。 2. —Tom failed the final examination. —I am ________ at the result. He has been working so hard. A. surprised B. surprising C. moved D. moving 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去分词作表语。句意：—汤姆期末考试不及格。—我对这个结果感到吃惊。他学习一直都是如此努力的。A. surprised 感到吃惊的（修饰人）；B. surprising 令人吃惊的（修饰物）；C. moved 受感动的（修饰人）；D. moving 令人感动的（修饰物）。根据答语，他学习一直很努力，应该考试及格，所以我对他考试不及格的消息是感到吃惊的，意外的。故选A项。 考向04 情态动词 2024年 1. — Excuse me, can I borrow this book? — Sure, but you ________ return it by the end of this term. A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——打扰一下，我能借这本书吗？——当然可以，但你必须在本学期结束前归还。A. can能；B. can’t不能；C. must必须；D. mustn’t禁止。根据“return it by the end of this term”可知，此处表示必须在本学期结束前归还，应用must。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $