Unit 3 Historical events 词汇同步笔记 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选修第一册

2025-11-18
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版选修第一册
年级 高三
章节 Unit 3 Historical Events
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 83 KB
发布时间 2025-11-18
更新时间 2025-11-18
作者 匿名
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-11-18
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/54972054.html
价格 0.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版选修1 UNIT 3 Historical events单元的词汇体系。从基础词汇如troop, tank的词形变化和释义出发,延伸至派生词如earnest→earnestly的词性转换,再到核心短语如in earnest, fight back的用法,最终拓展到历史相关专有名词如Nazi, Poland的认知,构建从基础到拓展的学习支架。 知识链路按照“基础词汇-派生词-核心短语-专有名词”的逻辑分层呈现,每个词汇配有核心考点和主题例句。通过词形变化对比和派生词关联培养思维品质,结合历史事件情境的例句提升语言运用能力,助力学生系统掌握单元词汇,形成结构化记忆,提升学习效率。

内容正文:

人教版 选修1 UNIT 3 Historical events .词汇同步笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 troop n. 军队;部队;士兵 复数:troops 无 1. troop of soldiers(一队士兵)2. troops stationed(驻军) The troops were sent to the border to maintain peace.(军队被派往边境维护和平。) 2 tank n. 坦克;(贮放液体或气体的)箱,罐 复数:tanks 无 1. battle tank(作战坦克)2. water tank(水箱) The army used tanks to break through the enemy’s defense.(军队用坦克突破了敌人的防线。) 3 earnest adj. 非常认真的;真诚的 比较级:more earnest;最高级:most earnest earnestly adv. 认真地;earnestness n. 认真 1. earnest attitude(认真的态度)2. in earnest(严肃地) She made an earnest effort to improve her English.(她认真努力地提高英语水平。) 4 in earnest [尤用于] 严肃地;认真地;坚定地 无 无 1. in earnest(严肃地;认真地)2. start in earnest(正式开始) He began to study in earnest after failing the exam.(考试失败后,他开始认真学习。) 5 phoney (NAmE phony) adj. 假的;冒充的;欺骗的 比较级:phonier;最高级:phoniest;复数:phonies 无 1. phoney ID(假身份证)2. phoney smile(假笑) The police arrested the man with a phony passport.(警方逮捕了持有假护照的男子。) 6 mobilise (NAmE -ize) vt. & vi. 组织;鼓动;动员 过去式/过去分词:mobilised mobilisation n. 动员;mobilizable adj. 可动员的 1. mobilise resources(动员资源)2. mobilise support(争取支持) The government called on people to mobilise for disaster relief.(政府号召人们动员起来参与救灾。) 7 neutrality n. 中立;中立状态 不可数 neutral adj. 中立的;neutrally adv. 中立地 1. maintain neutrality(保持中立)2. declare neutrality(宣布中立) The country maintained its neutrality during the war.(该国在战争期间保持中立。) 8 invade vi. & vt. 武装入侵;侵略;侵犯 过去式/过去分词:invaded invasion n. 入侵;invader n. 入侵者 1. invade a country(侵略一个国家)2. invade privacy(侵犯隐私) The enemy invaded the border town at dawn.(敌人在黎明时分入侵了边境小镇。) 9 surrender vi. & vt.(被迫)放弃;(被迫)交出;vi. & vt. 投降;屈从 过去式/过去分词:surrendered surrender n. 投降;surrenderer n. 投降者 1. surrender to(向……投降)2. surrender weapons(交出武器) The defeated army had to surrender unconditionally.(战败的军队不得不无条件投降。) 10 fight back 还击;抵抗 无 无 1. fight back(还击;抵抗)2. fight back against(反抗……) The villagers fought back against the bandits bravely.(村民们勇敢地反抗土匪。) 11 flank n.(军队或运动队的)侧面;侧翼;vt. 侧面(或两侧)有;位于……的侧翼 复数:flanks;动词过去式/过去分词:flanked flanking adj. 侧面的 1. left flank(左翼)2. be flanked by(两侧有……) The building is flanked by two tall trees.(这座建筑两侧有两棵高大的树木。) 12 to one's advantage 对……有利 无 无 1. to one’s advantage(对……有利)2. turn to advantage(化为有利) His rich experience is to his advantage in the job interview.(他丰富的经验在求职面试中对他有利。) 13 capture n. 捕获;(被)俘获;vt. 俘虏;俘获;捕获 复数:captures;动词过去式/过去分词:captured captive adj. 被俘的;capture n. 捕获 1. capture sb. alive(活捉某人)2. escape capture(逃脱捕获) The police succeeded in capturing the criminal after a chase.(警方经过追捕成功抓获了罪犯。) 14 momentum n. 推进力;动力;势头 不可数 无 1. gain momentum(势头增强)2. lose momentum(失去动力) The reform movement is gaining momentum across the country.(改革运动在全国范围内势头渐强。) 15 assault n. 攻击;突击;袭击;vt. 猛烈攻击;袭击;侵犯(尤指构成罪) 复数:assaults;动词过去式/过去分词:assaulted assailant n. 攻击者;assaultive adj. 攻击性的 1. armed assault(武装袭击)2. assault on(对……的攻击) The victim suffered a violent assault on her way home.(受害者在回家路上遭到暴力袭击。) 16 fierce adj. 凶猛的;狂热的;强烈的 比较级:fiercer;最高级:fiercest fiercely adv. 猛烈地;fierceness n. 凶猛 1. fierce competition(激烈的竞争)2. fierce attack(猛烈的攻击) There was a fierce storm last night that destroyed many houses.(昨晚有一场猛烈的暴风雨,摧毁了许多房屋。) 17 swift adj. 迅即发生的;速度快的;敏捷的 比较级:swifter;最高级:swiftest swiftly adv. 迅速地;swiftness n. 迅速 1. swift response(迅速的回应)2. swift action(快速行动) The government took swift action to control the spread of the virus.(政府迅速采取行动控制病毒传播。) 18 intact adj. 完好无损;完整 无比较级/最高级 intactness n. 完整性 1. remain intact(保持完好)2. intact structure(完整的结构) The ancient building remained intact after the earthquake.(这座古建筑在地震后依然完好无损。) 19 reinforcement n.[pl.] 援军;增援警力;n. [U](感情或思想等的)巩固;加强 复数:reinforcements reinforce vt. 加强;reinforced adj. 加固的 1. send reinforcements(派遣援军)2. reinforcement of confidence(信心的巩固) Reinforcements arrived just in time to save the besieged soldiers.(援军及时赶到解救了被围困的士兵。) 20 fate n. 命中注定的事(尤指坏事);命运 不可数 fateful adj. 决定性的;fated adj. 命中注定的 1. seal one’s fate(决定某人的命运)2. fate of(……的命运) No one can change the fate that awaits them.(没有人能改变等待他们的命运。) 21 lie (be)hanging in the balance(前途)不明朗;(结果)未定;悬而未决 无 无 1. be hanging in the balance(悬而未决) The future of the project is still hanging in the balance.(这个项目的前景仍悬而未决。) 22 miracle n. 奇迹;不平凡的事 复数:miracles miraculous adj. 奇迹般的;miraculously adv. 奇迹般地 1. work a miracle(创造奇迹)2. miracle cure(神奇疗法) It was a miracle that he survived the plane crash.(他在飞机失事中幸存下来真是个奇迹。) 23 put out 扑灭;公布;扑灭 无 无 1. put out a fire(扑灭火灾)2. put out a statement(发布声明) The firefighters worked hard to put out the big fire.(消防员们努力扑灭了这场大火。) 24 ferry vt. & vi. 渡运;摆渡;n. 渡船;摆渡 动词过去式/过去分词:ferried;复数:ferries ferryman n. 摆渡人 1. ferry passengers(摆渡乘客)2. take a ferry(乘渡船) The boat ferried people across the river every day.(这艘船每天摆渡人们过河。) 25 tug n. (also tugboat) 拖船;vi. & vt. 拉;迅速地拉;拖;拽 复数:tugs;动词过去式/过去分词:tugged tugger n. 拖船;tugging n. 拖拽 1. tug boat(拖船)2. tug at(拉;拽) The child tugged at his mother’s hand to get her attention.(孩子拉着妈妈的手以引起她的注意。) 26 yacht n. 帆船;游艇;快艇 复数:yachts yachting n. 游艇运动;yachtsman n. 游艇驾驶员 1. luxury yacht(豪华游艇)2. sail a yacht(驾驶帆船) They spent their weekend sailing a yacht on the lake.(他们周末在湖上驾驶游艇。) 27 weapon n. 武器;兵器;凶器 复数:weapons weaponry n. 武器装备;weaponless adj. 无武器的 1. nuclear weapon(核武器)2. use weapons(使用武器) The police seized a large number of illegal weapons in the raid.(警方在突袭中缴获了大量非法武器。) 28 hail n. 雹;冰雹;a hail of sth 一阵像冰雹般袭来的事物 不可数;动词过去式/过去分词:hailed hailstorm n. 冰雹暴;haily adj. 下冰雹的 1. hail storm(冰雹暴)2. a hail of bullets(一阵弹雨) A heavy hail damaged the crops in the field.(一场大冰雹损坏了田里的庄稼。) 29 bullet n. 子弹;弹丸 复数:bullets bulletproof adj. 防弹的;bullet hole(弹孔) 1. rifle bullet(步枪子弹)2. bullet wound(枪伤) The police found a bullet at the crime scene.(警方在犯罪现场发现了一颗子弹。) 30 stagger vi. 摇摇晃晃地走;蹒跚;踉跄;vt. 使震惊;使大吃一惊 过去式/过去分词:staggered staggering adj. 令人震惊的;staggeringly adv. 惊人地 1. stagger to one’s feet(摇摇晃晃地站起来)2. be staggered by(被……震惊) She staggered under the weight of the heavy box.(她在重箱子的重压下摇摇晃晃。) 31 rear n. 后部;adj. 后面的;后部的;vt. 抚养;养育;培养 复数:rears;形容词无比较级;动词过去式/过去分词:reared rearward adj. 后方的;rearing n. 养育 1. at the rear of(在……的后部)2. rear children(抚养孩子) The driver parked the car at the rear of the building.(司机把车停在大楼的后部。) 32 pull up 拉高;停车 无 无 1. pull up the window(拉高窗户)2. pull up at the stop(在车站停车) The taxi pulled up in front of the hotel to pick up passengers.(出租车在酒店门口停下接乘客。) 33 load n. 装载量;容纳量;vt. & vi. 装载;承载 复数:loads;动词过去式/过去分词:loaded loader n. 装卸工;loadable adj. 可装载的 1. full load(满载)2. load sth. onto(把某物装载到……上) Workers are loading goods onto the truck.(工人们正在把货物装上卡车。) 34 triumph over 打败;战胜 无 无 1. triumph over difficulties(战胜困难)2. triumph over the enemy(打败敌人) She triumphed over all obstacles to achieve her dream.(她克服了所有障碍实现了梦想。) 35 retreat n. & vi. 撤退;退却 复数:retreats;动词过去式/过去分词:retreated retreatant n. 隐退者;retreative adj. 撤退的 1. strategic retreat(战略撤退)2. retreat from(从……撤退) The army was forced to retreat due to heavy losses.(由于损失惨重,军队被迫撤退。) 36 morale n. 士气 不可数 moral adj. 道德的;morally adv. 道德上 1. boost morale(鼓舞士气)2. low morale(士气低落) The leader’s speech boosted the morale of the team.(领导的讲话鼓舞了团队的士气。) 37 oppression n. 压迫;欺压;压制 不可数 oppress vt. 压迫;oppressive adj. 压迫性的 1. political oppression(政治压迫)2. fight against oppression(反抗压迫) The people rose up against the oppression of the ruler.(人们起来反抗统治者的压迫。) 38 catalogue (NAmE catalog) n. 一连串(糟糕)事;目录;vt. 列入目录;编入目录 复数:catalogues;动词过去式/过去分词:catalogued cataloguer n. 编目员;cataloguing n. 编目 1. book catalogue(图书目录)2. catalogue of disasters(一连串灾难) The library catalogues all new books every month.(图书馆每月为所有新书编目。) 39 agony n.(精神或肉体的)极度痛苦 不可数;复数:agonies agonize vi. 痛苦;agonizing adj. 令人痛苦的 1. in agony(处于极度痛苦中)2. agony of(……的痛苦) He screamed in agony after being injured in the accident.(他在事故中受伤后痛苦地尖叫。) 40 sacrifice n. & vt. 牺牲;献出 复数:sacrifices;动词过去式/过去分词:sacrificed sacrificial adj. 牺牲的;sacrificially adv. 牺牲地 1. make a sacrifice(作出牺牲)2. sacrifice for(为……牺牲) She sacrificed her career to take care of her sick parents.(她为了照顾生病的父母牺牲了自己的事业。) 41 shatter vi. & vt.(使)破碎;(使)碎裂 过去式/过去分词:shattered shattering adj. 令人震惊的;shatterproof adj. 防碎的 1. shatter into pieces(碎成碎片)2. shatter hopes(使希望破灭) The glass shattered when it fell to the ground.(杯子掉在地上摔得粉碎。) 42 toil n. 苦工;劳累的工作;vi.(长时间)苦干;辛勤劳作 不可数;动词过去式/过去分词:toiled toiler n. 劳动者;toiling adj. 辛勤劳作的 1. toil day and night(日夜辛劳)2. toil at(辛勤从事……) Farmers toil in the fields from dawn till dusk.(农民们从早到晚在田里辛勤劳作。) 43 surpass vt. & vi. 超过;胜过;优于 过去式/过去分词:surpassed surpassing adj. 卓越的;surpassingly adv. 超群地 1. surpass expectations(超出预期)2. surpass sb. in(在……方面超过某人) Her performance surpassed all our expectations.(她的表现超出了我们所有人的预期。) 44 excerpt n. 摘录;节选 复数:excerpts excerpt vt. 摘录;excerpted adj. 摘录的 1. excerpt from(来自……的摘录)2. read an excerpt(读一段节选) The book includes an excerpt from the famous writer’s speech.(这本书收录了这位著名作家演讲的一段节选。) 45 barefoot adj. & adv. 赤脚(的) 形容词无比较级;副词无比较级 barefooted adj. 赤脚的 1. walk barefoot(赤脚走路)2. barefoot on the grass(赤脚在草地上) The child ran barefoot on the beach happily.(孩子光着脚在沙滩上快乐地奔跑。) 46 detour n. 绕行的路;兜圈子;vi. & vt.(使)绕道;(使)绕行 复数:detours;动词过去式/过去分词:detoured detour vt. 绕道;detour n. 弯路 1. take a detour(绕道而行)2. detour around(绕开……) We had to take a detour because the main road was closed.(由于主干道封闭,我们不得不绕道而行。) 47 pause vi. 暂停;停顿;vt.(按暂停键)暂停放音;暂停放像;n. 停顿;停顿的时间 动词过去式/过去分词:paused;复数:pauses pauseless adj. 不停的;pausingly adv. 暂停地 1. pause for a moment(暂停一下)2. make a pause(停顿) He paused to take a breath before continuing his speech.(他停下来喘口气,然后继续演讲。) 48 pull away from 把……甩在身后 无 无 1. pull away from the opponent(把对手甩在身后)2. pull away from the station(驶离车站) The car pulled away from the others and took the lead.(这辆车把其他车甩在身后,取得了领先。) 49 imbed vt. (also embed) 把……牢牢地嵌入(或插入、埋入) 过去式/过去分词:imbedded embed vt. 嵌入;embedded adj. 嵌入的 1. imbed in(嵌入……中)2. imbed a nail(钉入钉子) The worker imbedded the metal plate in the wall.(工人把金属板牢牢嵌入墙中。) 50 pile n. 摞;堆;堆;成堆的东西 复数:piles;动词过去式/过去分词:piled piler n. 堆垛机;piled adj. 成堆的 1. a pile of books(一堆书)2. pile up(堆积) Leaves piled up in the yard after the wind.(风吹过后,院子里堆满了树叶。) 51 cement vt. 用(水泥、胶等)粘结;加强或巩固(关系、协定等);n. 水泥 动词过去式/过去分词:cemented;不可数 cement n. 水泥;cementing n. 粘结 1. cement the floor(用水泥铺地板)2. cement a friendship(巩固友谊) The agreement cemented the cooperation between the two countries.(这项协议巩固了两国之间的合作。) 52 regiment n.(军队的)团;一大群人(或事物) 复数:regiments;动词过去式/过去分词:regimented regimental adj. 团的;regimentation n. 严格控制 1. infantry regiment(步兵团)2. a regiment of students(一大群学生) The regiment was ordered to march to the front line.(这个团奉命开赴前线。) 53 sentimental adj. 情感的;多愁善感的 比较级:more sentimental;最高级:most sentimental sentiment n. 情感;sentimentally adv. 多愁善感地 1. sentimental value(情感价值)2. sentimental person(多愁善感的人) She kept the old photo for its sentimental value.(她保留这张旧照片是因为它的情感价值。) 54 insanely adv. 精神失常地;精神错乱地 无比较级/最高级 insane adj. 精神失常的;insanity n. 精神错乱 1. insanely jealous(疯狂嫉妒)2. act insanely(行为疯狂) He acted insanely after losing his family in the accident.(在事故中失去家人后,他行为变得疯狂。) 55 insane adj. 精神失常的;精神错乱的 比较级:more insane;最高级:most insane insanity n. 精神错乱;insanely adv. 疯狂地 1. insane behavior(疯狂行为)2. go insane(精神失常) The pressure of work drove him almost insane.(工作压力几乎让他精神失常。) 56 call for 需要 无 无 1. call for action(需要行动)2. call for patience(需要耐心) The situation calls for immediate measures to be taken.(这种情况需要立即采取措施。) 57 venture vi. 冒风险(去某处);vt. 小心地说;谨慎地做;冒……的危险;n.(尤指有风险的)企业或商业;投机活动 动词过去式/过去分词:ventured;复数:ventures venturer n. 冒险者;venturous adj. 冒险的 1. venture into(冒险进入……)2. business venture(商业冒险) He ventured into the forest alone to look for his lost dog.(他独自冒险进入森林寻找丢失的狗。) 58 grenade n. 榴弹;手榴弹 复数:grenades 无 1. hand grenade(手榴弹)2. grenade attack(手榴弹袭击) The soldier threw a grenade at the enemy’s position.(士兵向敌人的阵地投了一枚手榴弹。) 59 strap vt. 用带子系(或捆、扎、扣)好;n. 带子 动词过去式/过去分词:strapped;复数:straps strapless adj. 无带的;strapping adj. 高大健壮的 1. strap on(系上;捆上)2. shoulder strap(肩带) She strapped the baby into the car seat safely.(她把婴儿安全地系在汽车座椅上。) 60 sway vi. & vt.(使)摇摆;(使)摇动;n. 摇摆;摇摆 动词过去式/过去分词:swayed;复数:sways swaying adj. 摇摆的;swayable adj. 可摇摆的 1. sway from side to side(左右摇摆)2. sway one’s opinion(影响某人的观点) The branches swayed gently in the breeze.(树枝在微风中轻轻摇摆。) 61 spray vt. & vi. 向……扫射(或抛洒);喷洒;n. 浪花;水花;飞沫 动词过去式/过去分词:sprayed;复数:sprays sprayer n. 喷雾器;spraying n. 喷洒 1. spray water(喷水)2. spray paint(喷漆) The farmer sprayed insecticide on the crops to kill pests.(农民向庄稼喷洒杀虫剂以杀死害虫。) 62 sniper n. 狙击手 复数:snipers snipe vi. 狙击;sniper rifle(狙击步枪) 1. enemy sniper(敌方狙击手)2. sniper fire(狙击火力) The sniper hid on the roof and targeted the enemy soldiers.(狙击手藏在屋顶上,瞄准敌方士兵。) 63 warrior n.(尤指旧时的)武士;勇士;斗士 复数:warriors warrior-like adj. 勇士般的 1. brave warrior(勇敢的武士)2. warrior spirit(勇士精神) The young warrior fought bravely in the battle.(这位年轻的武士在战斗中英勇作战。) 64 glance off 击中(某物)后改变方向 无 无 1. glance off the wall(击中墙壁后反弹)2. bullet glance off(子弹擦过) The bullet glanced off the metal plate and missed him.(子弹擦过金属板,没击中他。) 65 crawl vi. 爬;缓慢行进;缓慢行进 过去式/过去分词:crawled;复数:crawls crawler n. 爬行者;crawling adj. 爬行的 1. crawl on hands and knees(匍匐爬行)2. traffic crawl(交通缓慢移动) The baby crawled across the floor to reach his toy.(婴儿爬过地板去够他的玩具。) 66 toss vt. 轻轻投掷;不经意地扔;抛;掷 过去式/过去分词:tossed;复数:tosses tosser n. 投掷者;tossing n. 投掷 1. toss a ball(扔球)2. toss away(扔掉) He tossed the letter into the wastebasket after reading it.(他读完信后把它扔进了废纸篓。) 67 tear up(猛地)拔起;撕裂或撕碎(文件等) 无 无 1. tear up a paper(撕碎纸张)2. tear up the grass(拔起草) She tore up the contract in anger and left the room.(她愤怒地撕碎合同,离开了房间。) 68 wax v. 给……打蜡;vt. 给……打蜡 过去式/过去分词:waxed;复数:waxes waxed adj. 打蜡的;waxing n. 打蜡 1. wax the floor(给地板打蜡)2. wax a car(给汽车打蜡) He waxes his car every month to keep it shiny.(他每月给汽车打蜡,保持它光亮。) 69 comrade n. 同志;朋友;同事 复数:comrades comradely adj. 同志般的;comradeship n. 同志情谊 1. fellow comrade(同志)2. comrade in arms(战友) He and his comrades fought side by side in the war.(他和战友们在战争中并肩作战。) 70 revolution n. 革命;巨变 复数:revolutions revolutionary adj. 革命的;revolutionist n. 革命者 1. social revolution(社会革命)2. revolution in technology(技术革命) The revolution changed the political landscape of the country.(这场革命改变了这个国家的政治格局。) 71 flame n. 火焰;火舌;vt. 燃烧 复数:flames;动词过去式/过去分词:flamed flaming adj. 燃烧的;flameproof adj. 防火的 1. burst into flames(突然着火)2. flame of fire(火焰) The building was in flames when the firefighters arrived.(消防员到达时,大楼正处于火海之中。) 72 hop vi. 快速行走;单脚跳行 过去式/过去分词:hopped;复数:hops hopper n. 跳跃者;hopping adj. 跳跃的 1. hop along(单脚跳着走)2. hop over(跳过) The child hopped over the small puddle on the road.(孩子跳过路上的小水洼。) 73 vacant adj. 空着的;未被占用的 比较级:more vacant;最高级:most vacant vacancy n. 空缺;vacantly adv. 茫然地 1. vacant room(空房间)2. vacant position(空缺职位) There is a vacant seat in the front row of the classroom.(教室前排有一个空座位。) 74 come into sight 出现 无 无 1. come into sight(出现)2. soon come into sight(很快出现) A beautiful lake came into sight as we turned the corner.(我们转过拐角,一片美丽的湖泊映入眼帘。) 75 in flight 在远足的过程中 无 无 1. in flight(在远足过程中)2. encounter difficulties in flight(远足中遇到困难) We saw a group of birds flying in the sky in flight.(远足时,我们看到一群鸟在空中飞翔。) 76 rifle n. 步枪;来复枪;vi. & vt. 快速搜寻;匆忙翻找 复数:rifles;动词过去式/过去分词:rifled rifleman n. 步枪手;rifle fire(步枪火力) 1. automatic rifle(自动步枪)2. rifle through(快速翻找) He rifled through his bag to find his keys.(他快速翻找背包寻找钥匙。) 77 overhead adv. 在头上方;在空中;adj. 头上方的;高架的 副词无比较级;形容词无比较级 overhead n. 经常费用;overheads n. 管理费用 1. overhead bridge(天桥)2. fly overhead(从头顶飞过) A plane flew overhead with a loud noise.(一架飞机从头顶飞过,发出巨大的噪音。) 78 yell vi. & vt. 叫喊;大喊;n. 喊叫;叫嚷 动词过去式/过去分词:yelled;复数:yells yeller n. 叫喊者;yelling n. 叫喊 1. yell at(对……大喊)2. yell for help(呼救) The child yelled loudly when he saw the dog.(孩子看到狗时大声喊叫。) 79 yell out 高声喊叫 无 无 1. yell out in pain(痛苦地高声喊叫)2. yell out a name(高声喊名字) She yelled out when she fell down the stairs.(她从楼梯上摔下来时高声喊叫。) 80 in challenge to 质询;质疑 无 无 1. in challenge to(质询;质疑)2. speak in challenge to(质疑地说) He stood up in challenge to the speaker’s opinion.(他站起来质疑演讲者的观点。) 81 casually adv. 漫不经心地;随随便便地 无比较级/最高级 casual adj. 随意的;casualness n. 随意 1. dress casually(穿着随意)2. talk casually(漫不经心地交谈) She casually mentioned that she was leaving the company.(她随口提到自己要离开公司了。) 82 casual adj. 不经意的;漫不经心的 比较级:more casual;最高级:most casual casually adv. 随意地;casualness n. 漫不经心 1. casual attitude(漫不经心的态度)2. casual clothes(休闲服装) He has a casual attitude towards his work.(他对工作态度漫不经心。) 83 owe ... to 把……归功于;有……是由于 无 无 1. owe success to(把成功归功于)2. owe thanks to(感谢……) She owes her success to hard work and good luck.(她把成功归功于努力和好运。) 84 stockbroker n. 证券(或股票)经纪人 复数:stockbrokers stock n. 股票;broker n. 经纪人 1. senior stockbroker(高级股票经纪人)2. stockbroker firm(证券公司) My uncle works as a stockbroker in a large financial company.(我叔叔在一家大型金融公司做股票经纪人。) 85 refugee n. 避难者;逃亡者;难民 复数:refugees refuge n. 避难所;refugee camp(难民营) 1. war refugee(战争难民)2. refugee crisis(难民危机) The country provided food and shelter for the refugees.(这个国家为难民提供了食物和住所。) 86 slip away 溜走;消失;消亡 无 无 1. slip away quietly(悄悄溜走)2. time slips away(时光流逝) He slipped away from the meeting without being noticed.(他悄悄溜出了会议,没人注意到。) 87 foster adj.(与某些代养有关的连用)代养的;vt. & vi. 代养;抚育或照料(他人子女一段时间);vt. 促进;助长;培养 形容词无比较级;动词过去式/过去分词:fostered foster care(寄养;代养);foster parent(养父母) 1. foster child(养子女)2. foster cooperation(促进合作) The organization aims to foster understanding between different cultures.(该组织旨在促进不同文化之间的理解。) 88 see off 送别 无 无 1. see sb. off(为某人送别)2. see off at the airport(去机场送别) Her parents went to the station to see her off.(她的父母去车站为她送别。) 89 bureaucratic adj. 官僚的;官僚主义的 比较级:more bureaucratic;最高级:most bureaucratic bureaucracy n. 官僚主义;bureaucrat n. 官僚 1. bureaucratic system(官僚体制)2. bureaucratic procedures(繁琐的官僚程序) Many people complain about the bureaucratic delays in government offices.(很多人抱怨政府部门繁琐的官僚拖延。) 90 indifference n. 漠不关心;冷淡;不感兴趣;无动于衷 不可数 indifferent adj. 漠不关心的;indifferently adv. 冷淡地 1. indifference to(对……漠不关心)2. show indifference(表现出冷淡) His indifference to the sufferings of others made people angry.(他对别人的苦难漠不关心,让人们很生气。) 91 coordinate vt. 使协调;使相配合 过去式/过去分词:coordinated coordination n. 协调;coordinator n. 协调者 1. coordinate with(与……协调)2. coordinate efforts(协调努力) The government needs to coordinate with local authorities to solve the problem.(政府需要与地方当局协调解决这个问题。) 92 transit n. 通过;经过;通行;过境;v. & vi. 穿过;经过;越过 不可数;动词过去式/过去分词:transited transition n. 过渡;transit vt. 运输 1. in transit(在运输中)2. transit through(穿过……) The goods were damaged in transit.(货物在运输过程中受损。) 93 forge vt. 伪造;艰苦干成;努力加强 过去式/过去分词:forged forger n. 伪造者;forgery n. 伪造品 1. forge a signature(伪造签名)2. forge ahead(稳步前进) He forged a successful career through years of hard work.(他通过多年的努力打拼出了成功的事业。) 94 tragically adv. 悲惨地;可悲地 无比较级/最高级 tragic adj. 悲惨的;tragedy n. 悲剧 1. tragically killed(悲惨地丧生)2. end tragically(结局悲惨) The young musician died tragically in a car accident.(这位年轻的音乐家在一场车祸中悲惨地去世了。) 95 tragical adj. 悲剧的;可悲的 比较级:more tragical;最高级:most tragical tragedy n. 悲剧;tragically adv. 悲惨地 1. tragical event(悲惨事件)2. tragical ending(悲剧结局) It was a tragical story about lost love.(这是一个关于失去爱情的悲剧故事。) 96 casualty n.(战争或事故的)伤员;遇难者 复数:casualties 无 1. war casualties(战争伤亡者)2. casualty list(伤亡名单) The hospital treated many casualties from the earthquake.(医院接收了许多地震中的伤员。) 97 horror n. 震惊;恐惧 不可数;复数:horrors horrible adj. 可怕的;horrify vt. 使恐惧 1. in horror(惊恐地)2. horror movie(恐怖电影) She screamed in horror when she saw the snake.(她看到蛇时惊恐地尖叫起来。) 98 brutality n. 野蛮行为;野蛮事件 不可数;复数:brutalities brutal adj. 野蛮的;brutally adv. 野蛮地 1. acts of brutality(野蛮行为)2. police brutality(警察暴力) The world was shocked by the brutality of the attack.(这次袭击的野蛮程度震惊了世界。) 99 brutal adj. 残暴的;兽性的 比较级:more brutal;最高级:most brutal brutality n. 野蛮;brutally adv. 残暴地 1. brutal murder(残忍的谋杀)2. brutal treatment(粗暴对待) The criminal received a brutal punishment for his crimes.(这名罪犯因罪行受到了严厉的惩罚。) 100 charitable adj. 慈善的;行善的 比较级:more charitable;最高级:most charitable charity n. 慈善;charitably adv. 慈善地 1. charitable organization(慈善组织)2. charitable donation(慈善捐赠) She is always involved in charitable activities to help the poor.(她总是参与慈善活动帮助穷人。) 101 accomplishment n. 成就;成绩 复数:accomplishments accomplish vt. 完成;accomplished adj. 有成就的 1. great accomplishment(伟大成就)2. academic accomplishment(学术成就) His greatest accomplishment is finishing the difficult project.(他最大的成就是完成了这个困难的项目。) 102 accomplish vt. 完成 过去式/过去分词:accomplished accomplishment n. 成就;accomplished adj. 熟练的 1. accomplish a goal(完成目标)2. accomplish a task(完成任务) We need to work hard to accomplish our dreams.(我们需要努力工作来实现梦想。) 103 track down 追踪到;搜索到 无 无 1. track down a criminal(追踪到罪犯)2. track down information(查找信息) The police finally tracked down the missing child.(警方最终追踪到了失踪的孩子。) 104 revere vt. 尊敬;崇敬 过去式/过去分词:revered reverence n. 崇敬;reverent adj. 恭敬的 1. revere sb. for(因……尊敬某人)2. deeply revered(深受崇敬) People revere him for his wisdom and kindness.(人们因他的智慧和善良而尊敬他。) 105 diplomat n. 外交官 复数:diplomats diplomacy n. 外交;diplomatic adj. 外交的 1. foreign diplomat(外国外交官)2. diplomatic mission(外交使命) The diplomat was sent to the foreign country to negotiate.(这位外交官被派往外国进行谈判。) 106 crystal n. 结晶;晶体;水晶 复数:crystals crystalline adj. 水晶般的;crystalize vt. 使结晶 1. crystal clear(清澈透明的)2. ice crystal(冰晶) The lake water is as crystal clear as glass.(湖水清澈透明如玻璃。) 107 ruthless adj. 残酷无情的;残忍的 比较级:more ruthless;最高级:most ruthless ruthlessly adv. 残酷地;ruthlessness n. 无情 1. ruthless killer(残酷的杀手)2. ruthless competition(残酷的竞争) The ruthless dictator ruled the country with an iron hand.(这位残酷的独裁者用铁腕统治着这个国家。) 108 sanctuary n. 圣殿;避难所 复数:sanctuaries sanctify vt. 使神圣;sanctimonious adj. 伪善的 1. wildlife sanctuary(野生动物保护区)2. place of sanctuary(避难所) The old church became a sanctuary for the homeless during the war.(战争期间,这座古老的教堂成了无家可归者的避难所。) 109 trigger vt. 发动;引起;触发;n.(枪的)扳机;引发(某事)的因素 动词过去式/过去分词:triggered;复数:triggers triggering n. 触发;triggered adj. 触发的 1. trigger an alarm(触发警报)2. trigger a crisis(引发危机) The incident triggered a series of protests across the country.(这一事件在全国引发了一系列抗议活动。) 110 municipality n. 自治市;市政当局 复数:municipalities municipal adj. 市政的;municipally adv. 市政地 1. local municipality(地方市政当局)2. municipal government(市政府) The municipality is responsible for maintaining the city’s infrastructure.(市政当局负责维护城市的基础设施。) 111 valid adj. 有效的;正式认可的 比较级:more valid;最高级:most valid validity n. 有效性;validate vt. 验证 1. valid passport(有效护照)2. valid reason(正当理由) This ticket is valid for three months from the date of purchase.(这张票自购买之日起三个月内有效。) 112 in practice 实际上;事实上 无 无 1. in practice(实际上)2. put into practice(付诸实践) In practice, the new policy is difficult to implement.(实际上,这项新政策很难实施。) 113 eligible adj. 有资格的;合格的 比较级:more eligible;最高级:most eligible eligibility n. 资格;eligible adj. 合适的 1. eligible for(有资格获得……)2. eligible candidate(合格候选人) Only citizens over 18 are eligible to vote.(只有18岁以上的公民才有投票资格。) 114 immigrate vi.(从外地)移居;移民 过去式/过去分词:immigrated immigration n. 移民;immigrant n. 移民 1. immigrate to(移民到……)2. illegal immigrate(非法移民) Many people immigrate to foreign countries for better opportunities.(很多人为了更好的机会移民到国外。) 115 transfer vi. & vt. 转移(地方);调动(工作);迁移;n. 转移;调动 动词过去式/过去分词:transferred;复数:transfers transferable adj. 可转移的;transferor n. 转让人 1. transfer to(转移到……)2. job transfer(工作调动) She was transferred to the company’s branch in Beijing.(她被调到了公司在北京的分公司。) 116 compassion n. 同情;怜悯 不可数 compassionate adj. 有同情心的;compassionately adv. 同情地 1. feel compassion for(对……感到同情)2. show compassion(表示同情) She felt deep compassion for the homeless children.(她对无家可归的孩子深感同情。) 117 persecute vt.(尤因宗教或信仰不同)迫害 过去式/过去分词:persecuted persecution n. 迫害;persecutor n. 迫害者 1. persecute sb. for(因……迫害某人)2. religiously persecuted(因宗教信仰受迫害) Many people were persecuted for their political beliefs in the past.(过去,很多人因政治信仰而受到迫害。) 118 deed n. 行为;行动 复数:deeds deedless adj. 无行动的;deed n. 契约 1. good deed(好事)2. heroic deed(英雄行为) His brave deed saved the lives of many people.(他的勇敢行为拯救了许多人的生命。) 119 holocaust n. 大灾难;浩劫 无 无 1. the Holocaust(犹太人大屠杀)2. nuclear holocaust(核浩劫) The war brought a holocaust to the innocent people.(战争给无辜的人们带来了浩劫。) 120 righteous adj. 正当的;正直的;正当的 比较级:more righteous;最高级:most righteous righteously adv. 正直地;righteousness n. 正直 1. righteous action(正当行为)2. righteous man(正直的人) He is a righteous judge who always upholds justice.(他是一位正直的法官,始终维护正义。) 121 manufacture vt.(用机器)大量生产;成批制造 过去式/过去分词:manufactured;复数:manufactures manufacturer n. 制造商;manufacturing n. 制造业 1. manufacture goods(制造商品)2. mass manufacture(大规模生产) The factory manufactures cars for the domestic market.(这家工厂为国内市场生产汽车。) 122 aircraft n. 飞机;航空器 复数:aircraft aircraft carrier(航空母舰);aircraftman n. 航空兵 1. military aircraft(军用飞机)2. civilian aircraft(民用航空器) The airport handles hundreds of aircraft every day.(这个机场每天处理数百架飞机。) 123 cannon n.(旧时的)大炮;加农炮 复数:cannons cannonball n. 炮弹;cannonade n. 炮击 1. ancient cannon(古炮)2. fire a cannon(开炮) The museum displays a collection of old cannons from the 18th century.(博物馆展出了一批18世纪的古炮。) 124 surplus n. 过剩;过剩量 复数:surpluses;形容词无比较级 surplus adj. 过剩的;surplus vt. 剩余 1. food surplus(粮食过剩)2. surplus of(……的过剩) The country exported its surplus grain to other nations.(这个国家把过剩的粮食出口到其他国家。) 125 rot vi. & vt.(使)腐烂;腐败变质;n. 腐烂;腐败变质 动词过去式/过去分词:rotted;不可数 rotten adj. 腐烂的;rotting n. 腐烂 1. rot away(腐烂掉)2. food rot(食物腐烂) The fruit rotted quickly in the hot weather.(在炎热的天气里,水果很快就腐烂了。) 126 capitalist n. 资本主义者;资本家;adj. 资本主义的 复数:capitalists;形容词无比较级 capitalism n. 资本主义;capitalistic adj. 资本主义的 1. capitalist society(资本主义社会)2. wealthy capitalist(富有的资本家) He is a successful capitalist who owns several companies.(他是一位成功的资本家,拥有好几家公司。) 127 warfare n. 作战;战争 不可数 war n. 战争;warlike adj. 好战的 1. modern warfare(现代战争)2. chemical warfare(化学战) The army is trained in various forms of warfare.(这支军队接受过各种作战形式的训练。) 128 revolt n.(对权威、规定或法律的)反抗;反叛;起义;vi. 叛乱;起义 复数:revolts;动词过去式/过去分词:revolted revolution n. 革命;revolting adj. 令人反感的 1. armed revolt(武装起义)2. revolt against(反抗……) The people launched a revolt against the tyrannical government.(人们发起了反抗暴君政府的起义。) 129 rage n. 暴怒;狂怒;vi. & vt. 发怒;怒斥 复数:rages;动词过去式/过去分词:raged raging adj. 狂怒的;rage vt. 怒斥 1. fly into a rage(勃然大怒)2. rage at(对……发怒) He flew into a rage when he found out he was cheated.(发现自己被骗后,他勃然大怒。) 130 cultivate vt. 种植;栽培;培育 过去式/过去分词:cultivated cultivation n. 种植;cultivator n. 耕种者 1. cultivate crops(种植庄稼)2. cultivate a habit(培养习惯) Farmers cultivate rice in the southern part of the country.(农民们在这个国家的南部种植水稻。) 131 downcast adj. 悲哀的;沮丧的;向下的 比较级:more downcast;最高级:most downcast downcast n. 下落;downcastly adv. 沮丧地 1. downcast mood(沮丧的心情)2. downcast eyes(低垂的眼睛) She looked downcast after hearing the bad news.(听到坏消息后,她看起来很沮丧。) 132 midst n. 中部;中间 不可数 in the midst of(在……中间) 1. in the midst of(在……中间)2. midst of the crowd(人群中间) He stood in the midst of the crowd and gave a speech.(他站在人群中间发表演讲。) 133 in the midst of sth 当某事发生时 无 无 1. in the midst of sth(当某事发生时)2. in the midst of crisis(在危机中) In the midst of the storm, the power went out.(暴风雨正猛烈时,停电了。) 134 mutter vi. & vt. 私下抱怨;小声质疑;vt. & vi. 嘀咕;嘟囔;n. 嘀咕;嘟哝 动词过去式/过去分词:muttered;复数:mutters muttering n. 嘀咕;mutterer n. 嘀咕者 1. mutter to oneself(自言自语)2. mutter complaints(小声抱怨) He muttered something about the bad service and left the restaurant.(他小声抱怨了几句服务不好,然后离开了餐厅。) 135 poke vt. 捅;推;戳;vi. 露出;伸出;探出 过去式/过去分词:poked;复数:pokes poker n. 拨火棍;poking n. 戳 1. poke sb. with(用……捅某人)2. poke out(伸出) The child poked his head out of the window to look at the bird.(孩子把头伸出窗外看那只鸟。) 136 obsessive adj. 着迷的;迷恋的;难以释怀的 比较级:more obsessive;最高级:most obsessive obsess vt. 使着迷;obsession n. 痴迷 1. obsessive about(对……着迷)2. obsessive behavior(痴迷行为) She is obsessive about collecting stamps and spends all her free time on it.(她痴迷于集邮,把所有空闲时间都花在上面。) 137 spellbound adj. 入迷;出神;着魔 无比较级/最高级 spellbind vt. 使入迷;spellbinding adj. 引人入胜的 1. be spellbound by(被……迷住)2. spellbound audience(入迷的观众) The audience was spellbound by the musician’s wonderful performance.(观众被音乐家精彩的表演迷住了。) 138 gaze at 凝视;注视 无 无 1. gaze at(凝视;注视)2. gaze at the stars(凝视星星) She gazed at the old photo, recalling her childhood.(她凝视着旧照片,回忆起自己的童年。) 139 vain adj. 徒劳的;枉然的;无结果的 比较级:vainer;最高级:vainest vainly adv. 徒劳地;vanity n. 虚荣 1. vain attempt(徒劳的尝试)2. in vain(徒劳无益) All his efforts to save the company were in vain.(他拯救公司的所有努力都徒劳无功。) 140 in vain 枉费心机;徒劳无益 无 无 1. in vain(徒劳无益)2. try in vain(尝试徒劳) He tried in vain to persuade her to change her mind.(他试图说服她改变主意,但徒劳无功。) 141 gale n. 大风;飓风 复数:gales gusty adj. 阵风的;gale-force adj. 大风级的 1. strong gale(强风)2. gale warning(大风警报) A strong gale blew down many trees in the park.(一场强风刮倒了公园里的许多树。) 142 face to face(与某人)面对面 无 无 1. face to face(面对面)2. meet face to face(面对面见面) I finally met my online friend face to face.(我终于和网友面对面见面了。) 143 intruder n. 闯入者;侵入者 复数:intruders intrude vi. 闯入;intrusion n. 侵入 1. house intruder(入室闯入者)2. repel intruders(击退入侵者) The dog barked loudly to scare away the intruder.(狗大声吠叫以吓跑闯入者。) 144 raid n. 突然袭击;突击检查;vt. 突击搜捕;突袭 复数:raids;动词过去式/过去分词:raided raider n. 袭击者;raiding n. 突袭 1. police raid(警方突击检查)2. raid on(对……的突袭) The police carried out a raid on the illegal gambling den.(警方对这个非法赌场进行了突击搜查。) 145 isolate vt.(使)隔离;(使)孤立 过去式/过去分词:isolated isolation n. 隔离;isolated adj. 孤立的 1. isolate from(与……隔离)2. isolate a patient(隔离病人) The infected patient was isolated to prevent the spread of the virus.(感染的病人被隔离,以防止病毒传播。) 146 alike adv. 十分相像地;很相似地;adj. 相像;十分相似 副词无比较级;形容词无比较级 无 1. look alike(看起来相像)2. think alike(想法相似) The two sisters look alike but have different personalities.(这对姐妹看起来很像,但性格不同。) 147 upwards adv. (also upward) 向上;向高处 无比较级/最高级 upward adj. 向上的;upwardly adv. 向上地 1. point upwards(向上指)2. rise upwards(向上上升) The balloon rose upwards into the sky.(气球向上升到天空中。) 148 lace n. 网眼织物;花边;蕾丝;vi. & vt. 把……用带子系牢 复数:laces;动词过去式/过去分词:laced lacy adj. 有花边的;lace-up adj. 系带的 1. lace dress(蕾丝连衣裙)2. lace up(系紧) She laced up her shoes tightly before running.(跑步前,她把鞋子系紧。) 149 substitute n. 代替者;代用品;vi. & vt.(以……)代替;取代 复数:substitutes;动词过去式/过去分词:substituted substitution n. 代替;substitutable adj. 可替代的 1. substitute for(代替……)2. substitute A with B(用B代替A) He used honey as a substitute for sugar in the recipe.(他在食谱中用蜂蜜代替糖。) 150 conclude vt. 推断出;作出结论 过去式/过去分词:concluded conclusion n. 结论;conclusive adj. 决定性的 1. conclude from(从……推断)2. conclude a meeting(结束会议) We can conclude from the evidence that he is innocent.(从证据中我们可以推断他是无辜的。) 151 archeological adj. 考古学的 无比较级/最高级 archeology n. 考古学;archeologist n. 考古学家 1. archeological site(考古遗址)2. archeological research(考古研究) The team found many ancient artifacts at the archeological site.(团队在考古遗址发现了许多古代文物。) 152 Poland n. 波兰(国家名) 无 Polish adj. 波兰的;Polish n. 波兰语 1. in Poland(在波兰)2. Polish culture(波兰文化) Poland is a beautiful country in Central Europe.(波兰是中欧一个美丽的国家。) 153 Netherlands n. 荷兰(国家名) 无 Dutch adj. 荷兰的;Dutch n. 荷兰人 1. the Netherlands(荷兰)2. in the Netherlands(在荷兰) The Netherlands is famous for its windmills and tulips.(荷兰以风车和郁金香而闻名。) 154 Belgium n. 比利时(国家名) 无 Belgian adj. 比利时的;Belgian n. 比利时人 1. in Belgium(在比利时)2. Belgian chocolate(比利时巧克力) Belgium is known for its delicious chocolate and beer.(比利时以美味的巧克力和啤酒而闻名。) 155 Dutch adj. 荷兰的;荷兰人的;荷兰语的 无比较级/最高级 Dutchman n. 荷兰人;Dutch n. 荷兰语 1. Dutch food(荷兰食物)2. Dutch people(荷兰人) The Dutch are famous for their tolerance and openness.(荷兰人以宽容和开放而闻名。) 156 Belgian adj. 比利时的;比利时人的 无比较级/最高级 Belgian n. 比利时人;Belgium n. 比利时 1. Belgian city(比利时城市)2. Belgian artist(比利时艺术家) The Belgian team won the championship in the football match.(比利时队赢得了足球比赛的冠军。) 157 Nazi n.(1933 至 1945 年德国的)纳粹党员;纳粹分子 复数:Nazis Nazi adj. 纳粹的;Nazism n. 纳粹主义 1. Nazi Germany(纳粹德国)2. Nazi party(纳粹党) Many people suffered under the rule of the Nazis.(许多人在纳粹的统治下遭受苦难。) 158 Mauser n. 毛瑟枪 复数:Mausers 无 1. Mauser rifle(毛瑟步枪)2. old Mauser(老式毛瑟枪) The soldier carried a Mauser rifle during the war.(战争期间,这名士兵携带一把毛瑟步枪。) 159 Oscar Schindler n. 奥斯卡·辛德勒 无 无 1. Oscar Schindler’s story(奥斯卡·辛德勒的故事)2. remember Oscar Schindler(铭记奥斯卡·辛德勒) Oscar Schindler saved many Jewish lives during World War II.(奥斯卡·辛德勒在二战期间拯救了许多犹太人的生命。) 160 Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹(荷兰城市) 无 无 1. in Amsterdam(在阿姆斯特丹)2. visit Amsterdam(参观阿姆斯特丹) Amsterdam is a popular tourist destination in Europe.(阿姆斯特丹是欧洲热门的旅游目的地。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 Historical events 词汇同步笔记 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选修第一册
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Unit 3 Historical events 词汇同步笔记 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选修第一册
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Unit 3 Historical events 词汇同步笔记 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选修第一册
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