内容正文:
知识清单·译林版三年级上册
Unit 7 Happy Birthday!
知识梳理
知识点拨
【考点一】用于询问年龄的句型
【考点二】礼貌请求/提供帮助类的常用交际句型
【考点三】对别人生日的祝福语
【考点四】Want的用法
考点一:用于询问年龄的句型
解析:
(1) “How old are you?”句意为“你多大了/你几岁了”,用来询问对方的年龄。
(2) 其答句为“I'm+表示年龄的数词.”,意为“我……岁”。也可直接用基数词(One, Two, Three.....)简略回答。
(3) 拓展: “How old is ...?”可以用来询问第三人称单数的人或物的年龄,答语用“He/ She/ It is +基数词.”, 基数词后可以加上“ year(s) old”。也可直接用基数词简略回答。如:
—How old is the dog?这只狗多少岁了?
—It is 10 years old. 它十岁了。
【大显身手】
一、单项选择。
( )1. —How old ____ your sister? —She ____ ten years old.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are
( )2. —____ is your grandpa? —He is seventy years old.
A. How much B. How old C. How many
( )3. —How old are they? —____ eight years old.
A.They is B. They are C. He is
考点二:礼貌请求/提供帮助类的常用交际句型
解析:Can I help you?
是主动向他人提供帮助或询问对方是否有需求,尤其适用于服务场景(如商店购物、餐厅点餐、日常接待等),语气友好、正式,符合日常社交礼仪。
1. 接受帮助:常用“Yes, please.”(好的,麻烦了)引出具体需求。
A: Can I help you?(需要帮忙吗?)
B: Yes, please. I want a pencil.(好的,麻烦了。我想要一支铅笔。)
2. 拒绝帮助:常用“No, thanks.”(不用了,谢谢)表达委婉拒绝,避免生硬。
A: May I help you?(需要帮忙吗?)
B: No, thanks. I can do it myself.(不用了,谢谢。我自己能行。)
注意:
根据场景正式程度或语气差异,“Can I help you?”有以下常用同义句,功能完全一致:
1.May I help you?:比“Can I help you?”更正式、委婉,“may”的语气比“can”更客
气,适用于对长辈、客户等需要更礼貌对待的对象。
2.What can I do for you?:字面意为“我能为你做些什么?”,语气自然,日常场景和服
务场景均可使用,表达更具体的“提供帮助”的意图。
【大显身手】
一、情景交际。
( )1. 你在商店里,店员想知道你是否需要帮助,他会说:
A. Can I help you? B. How are you? C. Where are you from?
( )2. 当别人问你“Can I help you?”,而你不需要帮助时,你应该说:
A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. You're right.
( )3. 你想更礼貌地询问一位长辈是否需要帮助,应该说:
A. Can I help you? B. May I help you? C. What can I do for you?
( )4. 在餐厅里,你想告诉服务员你想要一份汉堡,当服务员说“What can I do for you?”时,你会回答:
A. I like hamburgers. B. Yes, I do. C. I want a hamburger, please.
( )5. 当你看到同学在搬很重的书,你想帮忙,你会说:
A. Can I help you? B. Let's go. C. Nice to meet you.
考点三:对别人生日的祝福语
【详细解读】
Happy Birthday!
应答句为"Thank you."或"Thanks."表示感谢。
(1)如果要向某个具体的人表达祝福,可在句后接"to+人称代词宾格形式或人名"。
Happy birthday to you. 祝你生日快乐。
(2)如果说的是节日祝福,答语通常也是节日祝福。
—Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
—Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
【大显身手】
一、根据所给情景,选择正确的表达。
( )1.朋友过生日时,你可以这样对他说:
A. Happy New Year! B. Happy Birthday! C. The same to you.
( )2.你过生日时,哥哥对你说生日快乐,你可以这样回应他:
A. Happy Birthday! B. Thank you. C. Yes, please.
二、单项选择。
( )1.—Happy Birthday! —__________
A.Happy Birthday! B.Thank you! C.You're welcome.
( )2.—Happy Birthday, Bobby! —______
A.Happy Birthday, Sam! B.Thank you. C.You are right.
( )3.—Happy Birthday. —_____
A.Happy Birthday. B.Thanks. C.OK.
考点四:Want的用法
【详细解读】
(1) want意为“要,想要”,表示“想要某物”时,其后直接接名词。如果表示“想要做某事”,后接动词的不定式。如:
I want some toys. 我想要一些玩具。
I want to dance for you. 我想要为你跳舞。
I want a robot for my brother. 我想要一个机器人给我的弟弟。
(2) want和would like都可以用来表达想要某物或想要做某事的意思,在某些情况下,可以互换使用
如:I want a book. =I would like a book. 我想要一本书。
We want to clean the table.= We would like to clean the table. 我们想要擦桌子。
【大显身手】
一、单项选择。
( )1. I ____ a new pen.
A. want B. wants C. wanting
( )2. She ____ like to drink some water.
A. want B. would C. wants
( )3. They want ____ play basketball.
A. to B. / C. for
( )4. —Would you like a book?—____
A. Yes, I want. B. No, I would. C. Yes, please.
写作指引
写作。
请以 “Happy Birthday!” 为题,写一篇英语短文,描述自己的生日。
要求:1. 句子通顺,思路清晰有条理。2. 不少于5句话。
一、写作主题与核心目标
(一)主题
围绕“生日”场景展开,用本单元核心句型和词汇描述生日相关的人、事、物(如生日祝福、年龄询问、礼物表达等)。
(二)核心目标
1. 熟练运用单元重点句型:“Happy Birthday!”“How old are you? I’m... (years old.)”“This is for you.”“Thank you.”
2. 正确使用数字1-10、常见礼物类词汇(如cake, toy, pen, book等)及人物称呼(如father, mother, friend等)。
3. 能写出3-5句连贯的简单句,描述生日场景或生日对话。
二、写作准备:词汇与句型梳理
(一)必备词汇
1. 数字类:one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten(重点掌握1-10的拼写与运用)
2. 礼物类:cake(蛋糕), toy(玩具), pen(钢笔), book(书), ball(球), robot(机器人)
3. 人物类:I, you, my friend(我的朋友), father(爸爸), mother(妈妈), teacher(老师)
4. 其他:happy(开心的), birthday(生日), for(给), thank you(谢谢)
(二)核心句型
1. 生日祝福:Happy Birthday (to you)!(祝你生日快乐!)
2. 年龄询问与回答:How old are you? I’m + 数字 (years old).(你几岁了?我……岁了。)
3. 赠送礼物:This is for you.(这是给你的。)
4. 感谢表达:Thank you. It’s nice!(谢谢。它真好看/真好用!)
三、写作步骤:从简单到连贯
第一步:确定写作场景(3选1,降低难度)
1. 场景一:自己的生日(收到家人/朋友的祝福和礼物)
2. 场景二:朋友的生日(向朋友送祝福、问年龄、送礼物)
3. 场景三:生日派对片段(简单描述派对上的人、礼物和对话)
第二步:搭建句子框架(按场景模板填空)
模板1:描述自己的生日
1. 开头(祝福自己):Today is my birthday. Happy Birthday to me!
2. 中间(年龄+收到礼物):I’m + 数字 (years old). My friend/father/mother gives me a + 礼物. This is for you, they say.
3. 结尾(感谢+心情):Thank you! I like the + 礼物. I’m happy.
模板2:描述朋友的生日
1. 开头(送祝福):Today is Lily’s/Tom’s birthday. I say, “Happy Birthday to you!”
2. 中间(问年龄+送礼物):I ask, “How old are you?” He/She says, “I’m + 数字 (years old).” This is a + 礼物 for him/her.
3. 结尾(朋友的反应):He/She says, “Thank you!” We are happy.
模板3:生日派对片段
1. 开头(点明场景):It’s my friend’s birthday party. We are together.
2. 中间(集体祝福+互动):We say, “Happy Birthday!” He/She is + 数字 (years old). There is a big cake. I give him/her a + 礼物.
3. 结尾(整体感受):He/She likes it. We are all happy.
第三步:填充细节,让句子更生动
1. 给礼物加修饰词:a nice cake(一个漂亮的蛋糕), a cool toy(一个很酷的玩具), a new pen(一支新钢笔)
2. 补充动作或表情:My mother smiles and says...(妈妈笑着说……), I open the gift and see...(我打开礼物看到……)
3. 简单描述心情:I’m very happy.(我非常开心。), He/She is excited.(他/她很兴奋。)
四、写作示例(3个场景对应)
示例1:My Birthday
Today is my birthday. Happy Birthday to me! I’m seven years old. My mother gives me a nice cake. This is for you, she says. My friend Lily gives me a toy bear. Thank you, Lily! I like the cake and the toy bear. I’m very happy.
示例2:My Friend’s Birthday
Today is Tom’s birthday. I go to his home. I say, “Happy Birthday to you, Tom!” Tom smiles. I ask, “How old are you?” He says, “I’m eight years old.” This is a book for him. “Thank you, Amy!” he says. We eat cake together. We are happy.
示例3:A Birthday Party
It’s Lucy’s birthday party. Many friends come. We say, “Happy Birthday to Lucy!” Lucy is six years old. There is a big cake on the table. I give her a pink pen. “This is for you, Lucy.” She says, “Thank you! It’s nice.” We sing and eat cake. We are all happy.
五、注意事项与易错点提醒
1. 数字拼写:注意“eight”(8)、“nine”(9)的拼写,避免写成“eit”“nint”;“four”(4)和“for”(给)发音相同,拼写不要混淆。
2. 句型结构:“I’m + 数字”后可加“years old”,也可省略(如I’m seven. = I’m seven years old.),初学者建议完整表达。
3. 礼物类名词:单数形式前要加“a”(如a cake, a toy),不可直接写“cake is nice”。
4. 大小写与标点:句首字母大写,结尾用句号(.)或感叹号(!);“Thank you”首字母大写,中间空格。
六、进阶练习:尝试拓展句子
1. 加入时间:Today is Sunday. It’s my birthday.(今天是周日,是我的生日。)
2. 加入更多人物:My father, mother and sister say “Happy Birthday” to me.(爸爸、妈妈和姐姐都对我说“生日快乐”。)
3. 描述礼物的用途:This is a pen. I can write with it.(这是一支钢笔,我可以用它写字。)
综合训练
一、找出下列各组单词中不属于同类的选项。
( )1.A.lovely B.cool C.come
( )2.A.two B.tree C.four
( )3.A.cat B.panda C.party
( )4.A.get B.want C.cake
( )5.A.how B.what C.water
二、根据图片提示,在四线三格中填入单词,补全句子或对话。
1.—Let’s count. —One, two….__________
2.—How old are you? —I'm__________ .
3. The toy __________ is very lovely!
4. I want some __________.
三、找出问句相应的答句,将序号填在括号内。
( )1. How old is your brother?
( )2. Would you like a toy car?
( )3. What time is it?
( )4. Happy birthday!
( )5. Can I have some cake?
四、单项选择题。
( )1.—How old ________ you? —I________ ten.
A. is; am B. are; is C. are; am
( )2.—Happy Birthday. —________
A. Happy Birthday. B. Thanks. C. OK.
( )3.—What do you want? —________
A. I want a ball. B. I like this ball. C. I love you.
( )4.—What is four and five? —________
A. Four. B. Five. C. Nine.
( )5. She ____ like to eat some noodles.
A. would B. want C. wants
( )6. —How old ____ you? — I'm nine.
A. am B. is C. are
( )7. It's time ____ dinner.
A. to B. for C. have
( )8. I want ____ some books for my sister.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying
( )9. Would you like ____ juice?
A. some B. any C. many
( )10. —Can I help you? — ____
A. Yes, I want a ball. B. No, I don't. C. You're welcome.
五、填空题(从括号中选择正确的单词填空)
1. —How old ______(is/are)your cat?
—It ______(is/are)two years old.
2. ______(What/How)a cute dog! I want to play with it.
3. —______(Can/Do)I help you?
—Yes, please. I want a new pencil.
4. My mother buys some flowers ______(for/to)my grandma's birthday.
六、根据所给情景,选择合适的句子。
( )1.当你想知道你的朋友多大了时,你可以对她说:________
A. Good morning. B. How are you? C. How old are you?
( )2.别人询问你的年龄,你想告诉他你九岁,可以说:________
A. I'm five. B. I'm nine. C. She's nine.
( )3.当店员问你是否需要帮忙,你需要时,应该说: ________
A. No, thank you. B. Yes, please. C. Please come here.
( )4.当别人对你说“ Thank you.”时,你应该回答:________
A. OK. B. Can I help you? C. You are welcome.
七、【新素养·综合运用】刘涛正在商店里给弟弟挑选礼物,请结合上下文,连词成句,补全下面的对话(注意句首字母要大写哦)。
Shop assistant(售货员):.______________________________________________
[ I, help, can, you(?)]
Liu Tao: Yes, please. 2.______________________________________________
[I, for, toy, a, my, want, brother(.)]
Shop assistant: 3.______________________________________________
[ old, brother, is, how, your(?)]
Liu Tao: He is three.
Shop assistant: Please come here.
Liu Tao: This car is cool!
八、【新情境·图文结合】读故事,选择正确的答案。
( )1. It is ________.
A. Chinese New Year B. Tina's birthday C. Bobby's birthday
( )2. There are ________ members in Bobby's family.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5
( )3. Bobby's gift is ________.
A. small B. robot C. not nice
( )4. Father and Mother love ________.
A. Bobby B. Tina C. Bobby and Tina
( )5. This is a ________ family.
A. happy B. new C. right
参考答案
考点一:用于询问年龄的句型
一、单项选择。
1-3 ABB
考点二:礼貌请求/提供帮助类的常用交际句型
一、情景交际。
1-5 ABBCA
考点三:对别人生日的祝福语
一、根据所给情景,选择正确的表达。
1-3 BB
二、单项选择。
1-3 BBB
考点四:Want的用法
一、单项选择。
1-4 ABAC
综合训练
一、找出下列各组单词中不属于同类的选项。
1-5 CBCCC
二、根据图片提示,在四线三格中填入单词,补全句子或对话。
1. nine
2. seven
3. car
4. cakes
三、找出问句相应的答句,将序号填在括号内。
1-5 BCADE
四、单项选择题。
1-5 CBACA 6-10 CBBAA
五、填空题(从括号中选择正确的单词填空)
1. is; is
2. What
3. Can
4. for
六、根据所给情景,选择合适的句子。
1-4 CBBC
七、【新素养·综合运用】刘涛正在商店里给弟弟挑选礼物,请结合上下文,连词成句,补全下面的对话(注意句首字母要大写哦)。
1.Can I help you?
2.I want a toy for my brother.
3. How old is your brother?
八、【新情境·图文结合】读故事,选择正确的答案。
1-5 ABACA
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