专题01 词性转换（专题专练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题01 词性转换 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01词性转换考点分项练（单句语法填空）（原创） 题型02词性转换考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（语篇语法填空，最新模拟） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．【常德丝弦艺术，传播中国传统文化】（2025-2026北京海淀高三期中） Under Zhan’s guidance, Zhang progressed ___12___ (steady), emerging as one of the most promising young performers. 【答案】steadily 【解析】考查词性转换，形容词变副词。句意：在谌晓辉的指导下，张兰稳步成长，成为最具潜力的年轻表演者之一。空处修饰动词progressed，把所给形容词变为副词steadily符合题意，意为“稳步地”，作状语。故填steadily。 2．【考查形容词变名词】 （2025-2026北京海淀高三期中）Trust came out of ___20___ (necessary), not choice. 【答案】necessity 【解析】考查词性变化，形容词变名词。句意：信任源于必要性，而非选择。空处作out of的宾语，应用名词necessity，意为“必要，需要”，是不可数名词。故填necessity。 3．【新媒体新技术】 (2025·福建省福州市一模) The fan-making industry in China 58 (primary) consisted of family-run businesses that produced their designs in small 59 (quantity) and sold them from the front of their workshops. The city of Hangzhou was the center of the industry during the Southern Song dynasty. 【答案】primarily 【解析】考查词形变化，形容词变副词。句意：中国的制扇业最初主要由家庭经营的企业组成，这些企业生产小批量的设计，并在他们车间的前面出售。设空处需填副词修饰动词consisted，primary的副词为primarily，意为“主要地，首要地”。故填primarily。 【答案】quantities 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：中国的制扇业最初主要由家庭经营的企业组成，这些企业生产小批量的设计，并在他们车间的前面出售。in small quantities为固定搭配，意为“小批量地”，此处使用名词作宾语。故填quantities。 4. 【考查动词变名词】（2025朝阳二模） Tang Wensheng, 81, born in New York, is an outstanding Chinese ____11____ (interpret). She worked for China’s top leaders during the 1970s. “I think it was a privilege and a learning experience,” Tang said. Her mastery of language and extensive insights ____12____ foreign affairs enabled her to handle high-level dialogues smoothly. Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang ____13____ (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 【答案】11. interpreter 12. into 13. was honored 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了81岁的唐闻生作为杰出中文口译员的成就及荣誉。 11.考查词性转换。句意：81岁的唐闻生出生于纽约，是一位杰出的中国口译员。根据句意和“an”可知，此处应填interpret的名词形式，又是一个人，所以将动词变为表示人的名词，interpreter，表示“口译员”。故填interpreter。 12.考查介词。句意：她对语言的掌握以及对外交事务广泛的见解使她能够顺利处理高层对话。insights into...是固定搭配，意为“对……的见解”，故填into。 13.考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于她一生都致力于这个领域，唐闻生在2024 年被授予翻译终身成就奖。根据时间状语“in 2024”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语Tang与honor之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was，故填was honored。 Passage 17 01词性转换考点分项练（单句语法填空）（原创） 形容词变副词单句练习 1. 1.She is a quick runner and she always runs ______ (quick) in the race. 【答案】quickly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：她是一名跑得快的运动员，在比赛中总是跑得很快。从词性转换看，形容词 “quick”（快速的）要修饰动词 “runs”（跑），需变为副词，规则是 “形容词 + ly”，故加 “ly” 成 “quickly”；从语境看，“in the race”（在比赛中）强调跑步的速度状态，动词后必须用副词体现 “快速” 的动作特征，所以填 “quickly”。 2. The old man walked ______ (slow) along the street because of his bad legs. 【答案】slowly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：这位老人因为腿不好，沿着街道缓慢地走着。转换规则为 “形容词 + ly”，“slow”（缓慢的）是形容词，修饰动词 “walked”（走）需变副词 “slowly”；语境上，“because of his bad legs”（腿不好）说明老人行走速度慢，动词 “walked” 需要副词描述 “缓慢” 的动作方式，因此填 “slowly”。 3. You must listen ______ (careful) to the teacher’s instructions before the experiment. 【答案】carefully 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：实验前，你必须仔细地听老师的指令。解析：转换逻辑是 “形容词 + ly”，“careful”（仔细的）为形容词，修饰动词 “listen”（听）需变为副词 “carefully”；结合语境，“before the experiment”（实验前）暗示指令重要，需 “仔细地听” 才能避免失误，动词后用副词体现 “仔细” 的态度，故填 “carefully”。 4. He did his homework ______ (careless), so he made many mistakes. 【答案】carelessly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他粗心地做家庭作业，所以犯了很多错。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“careless”（粗心的）是形容词，修饰动词短语 “did his homework”（做作业）需变副词 “carelessly”；语境上，后文 “made many mistakes”（犯很多错）是 “粗心地” 做作业的结果，动词短语需副词体现 “粗心” 的动作状态，因此填 “carelessly”。 5. The children laughed ______ (happy) when they saw the funny cartoon. 【答案】happily 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：孩子们看到有趣的卡通片时，开心地笑了。转换规则为 “以 y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i 再加 ly”，“happy”（开心的）中 “y” 变 “i” 加 “ly” 成 “happily”；语境上，“when they saw the funny cartoon”（看到有趣卡通）说明孩子情绪开心，动词 “laughed”（笑）需副词体现 “开心” 的情绪，故填 “happily”。 6. She looked at me ______ (sad) and told me her grandfather passed away. 【答案】sadly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：她难过地看着我，告诉我她爷爷去世了。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“sad”（难过的）是形容词，修饰动词短语 “looked at”（看着）需变副词 “sadly”；结合语境，“her grandfather passed away”（爷爷去世）是难过的原因，动词短语需副词传递 “难过” 的情绪，因此填 “sadly”。 7. This math problem is not difficult; you can solve it ______ (easy). 【答案】easily 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：这道数学题不难，你能容易地解出来。转换规则 “以 y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i 再加 ly”，“easy”（容易的）中 “y” 变 “i” 加 “ly” 成 “easily”；语境上，前文 “not difficult”（不难）提示解题难度低，动词 “solve”（解决）需副词体现 “容易” 的过程，故填 “easily”。 8. It rained ______ (heavy) last night, causing some roads to be flooded. 【答案】heavily 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：昨晚雨下得很大，导致一些道路被淹。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“heavy”（大量的）是形容词，修饰动词 “rained”（下雨）需变副词 “heavily”；语境上，“causing some roads to be flooded”（道路被淹）说明雨势大，动词 “rained” 需副词描述 “大” 的雨势，因此填 “heavily”。 9. All the students agreed ______ (strong) with the teacher’s suggestion. 【答案】strongly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：所有学生都强烈地同意老师的建议。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“strong”（强烈的）是形容词，修饰动词 “agreed”（同意）需变副词 “strongly”；语境上，“strongly” 能突出学生对建议的认可程度，动词 “agreed” 需副词体现 “强烈” 的态度，故填 “strongly”。 10. The mother held her baby ______ (gentle) in her arms. 【答案】gently 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：妈妈把宝宝温和地抱在怀里。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“gentle”（温和的）是形容词，修饰动词 “held”（抱）需变副词 “gently”；结合语境，“her baby”（宝宝）暗示动作需轻柔，动词 “held” 需副词体现 “温和” 的方式，因此填 “gently”。 11. The lights went out ______ (sudden), and the room became completely dark. 【答案】suddenly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：灯突然熄灭了，房间变得一片漆黑。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“sudden”（突然的）是形容词，修饰动词短语 “went out”（熄灭）需变副词 “suddenly”；语境上，“the room became completely dark”（房间漆黑）是灯突发熄灭的结果，动词短语需副词体现 “突然” 的状态，故填 “suddenly”。 12. The situation improved ______ (gradual) with the efforts of everyone. 【答案】gradually 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：在大家的努力下，情况逐渐地好转了。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“gradual”（逐渐的）是形容词，修饰动词 “improved”（好转）需变副词 “gradually”；语境上，“with the efforts of everyone”（大家的努力）暗示变化是逐步的，动词 “improved” 需副词体现 “逐渐” 的过程，因此填 “gradually”。 13. Please speak ______ (clear) so that everyone in the room can hear you. 【答案】clearly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：请清晰地说话，这样房间里的每个人都能听到你。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“clear”（清晰的）是形容词，修饰动词 “speak”（说话）需变副词 “clearly”；语境上，“so that everyone can hear you”（大家能听到）要求说话声音清晰，动词 “speak” 需副词体现 “清晰” 的状态，故填 “clearly”。 14. The boy shouted ______ (loud) to get his friend’s attention across the playground. 【答案】loudly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：那个男孩大声地喊，以便引起操场对面朋友的注意。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“loud”（大声的）是形容词，修饰动词 “shouted”（喊）需变副词 “loudly”；结合语境，“to get his friend’s attention across the playground”（引起对面朋友注意）需要大声，动词 “shouted” 需副词体现 “大声” 的程度，因此填 “loudly”。 15. They talked ______ (quiet) in the library to avoid disturbing others. 【答案】quietly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他们在图书馆里安静地交谈，以免打扰别人。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“quiet”（安静的）是形容词，修饰动词 “talked”（交谈）需变副词 “quietly”；语境上，“in the library”（图书馆）和 “avoid disturbing others”（不打扰别人）要求交谈安静，动词 “talked” 需副词体现 “安静” 的方式，故填 “quietly”。 16. The sun shone ______ (bright) through the window, warming the whole room. 【答案】brightly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：阳光透过窗户明亮地照耀着，温暖了整个房间。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“bright”（明亮的）是形容词，修饰动词 “shone”（照耀）需变副词 “brightly”；语境上，“warming the whole room”（温暖房间）说明阳光明亮，动词 “shone” 需副词描述 “明亮” 的光线状态，因此填 “brightly”。 17. Make sure you answer the questions ______ (correct) if you want to pass the test. 【答案】correctly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：如果你想通过考试，确保正确地回答问题。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“correct”（正确的）是形容词，修饰动词 “answer”（回答）需变副词 “correctly”；语境上，“if you want to pass the test”（想通过考试）要求答题正确，动词 “answer” 需副词体现 “正确” 的结果，故填 “correctly”。 18. He greeted the guests ______ (polite) at the door with a big smile. 【答案】politely 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他在门口带着灿烂的微笑，礼貌地迎接客人。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“polite”（礼貌的）是形容词，修饰动词 “greeted”（迎接）需变副词 “politely”；结合语境，“with a big smile”（灿烂微笑）暗示态度友好，动词 “greeted” 需副词体现 “礼貌” 的态度，因此填 “politely”。 19. The machine works ______ (simple) and doesn’t need complicated operations. 【答案】simply 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：这台机器运转简单，不需要复杂的操作。转换规则 “形容词 + ly”，“simple”（简单的）是形容词，修饰动词 “works”（运转）需变副词 “simply”；语境上，“doesn’t need complicated operations”（无需复杂操作）说明运转简单，动词 “works” 需副词体现 “简单” 的方式，故填 “simply”。 20. She sang ______ (soft) to put her little sister to sleep. 【答案】softly 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：她轻柔地唱歌，好让妹妹入睡。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ly”，“soft”（轻柔的）是形容词，修饰动词 “sang”（唱歌）需变副词 “softly”；语境上，“to put her little sister to sleep”（哄妹妹睡觉）要求声音轻柔，动词 “sang” 需副词体现 “轻柔” 的状态，因此填 “softly”。 形容词变名词单句练习 1. Everyone admires her ______ (kind) because she often helps the homeless. 【答案】kindness 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：每个人都钦佩她的善良，因为她经常帮助无家可归的人。转换规则为 “形容词 + ness”，“kind”（善良的）是形容词，动词 “admires”（钦佩）后需接名词作宾语，故加 “ness” 成 “kindness”；语境上，“she often helps the homeless”（帮助无家可归者）是 “善良” 的具体体现，名词 “kindness” 能准确表达被钦佩的品质，因此填 “kindness”。 2. His ______ (honest) won him the trust of all his colleagues. 【答案】honesty 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他的诚实赢得了所有同事的信任。转换逻辑 “形容词 + ness”，“honest”（诚实的）是形容词，动词 “won”（赢得）前需接名词作主语，加 “ness” 成 “honesty”；语境上，“the trust of all colleagues”（同事信任）是 “诚实” 带来的结果，名词 “honesty” 能体现主语的品质，故填 “honesty”。 3. We should learn from her ______ (brave) when facing difficulties. 【答案】bravery 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：面对困难时，我们应该学习她的勇敢。转换规则 “形容词去 e 加 ry”，“brave”（勇敢的）是形容词，动词短语 “learn from”（学习）后需接名词作宾语，加 “ry” 成 “bravery”；语境上，“when facing difficulties”（面对困难）需要 “勇敢” 的品质，名词 “bravery” 符合 “学习” 的对象，因此填 “bravery”。 4. The ______ (happy) on the children’s faces made the volunteers feel satisfied. 【答案】happiness 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：孩子们脸上的开心让志愿者们感到满意。转换逻辑 “以 y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i 再加 ness”，“happy”（开心的）中 “y” 变 “i” 加 “ness” 成 “happiness”；语境上，“on the children’s faces”（孩子们脸上的）指情绪，动词 “made”（让）前需名词作主语，“happiness” 能体现开心的情绪，故填 “happiness”。 5. Her ______ (sad) was obvious after she heard the bad news. 【答案】sadness 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：听到坏消息后，她的难过很明显。转换规则 “形容词 + ness”，“sad”（难过的）是形容词，动词 “was”（是）前需接名词作主语，加 “ness” 成 “sadness”；语境上，“after she heard the bad news”（听到坏消息）会引发 “难过” 的情绪，名词 “sadness” 能准确表达主语，因此填 “sadness”。 6. His ______ (angry) made him say things he later regretted. 【答案】anger 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他的愤怒让他说了后来后悔的话。转换逻辑 “形容词去 y 加 er”，“angry”（生气的）是形容词，动词 “made”（让）前需接名词作主语，去 “y” 加 “er” 成 “anger”；语境上，“made him say things he later regretted”（说后悔的话）是 “愤怒” 导致的行为，名词 “anger” 符合主语的情绪，故填 “anger”。 7. The ______ (cruel) of the war left a deep impression on the survivors. 【答案】cruelty 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：战争的残忍给幸存者留下了深刻的印象。转换规则 “形容词去 el 加 ty”，“cruel”（残忍的）是形容词，动词 “left”（留下）前需接名词作主语，去 “el” 加 “ty” 成 “cruelty”；语境上，“of the war”（战争的）指向战争的特性，名词 “cruelty” 能体现战争的负面影响，因此填 “cruelty”。 8. ______ (patient) is an important quality for a teacher to have. 【答案】Patience 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：耐心是老师应具备的重要品质。转换逻辑 “形容词去 t 加 ence”，“patient”（有耐心的）是形容词，动词 “is”（是）前需接名词作主语，去 “t” 加 “ence” 成 “Patience”（句首首字母大写）；语境上，“an important quality for a teacher”（老师的重要品质）说明是 “耐心”，名词 “Patience” 符合主语的品质，故填 “Patience”。 9. His ______ (impatient) caused him to make hasty decisions. 【答案】impatience 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他的没耐心让他做了仓促的决定。转换规则 “否定形容词 + ence”，“impatient”（没耐心的）是形容词，动词 “caused”（导致）前需接名词作主语，去 “t” 加 “ence” 成 “impatience”；语境上，“caused him to make hasty decisions”（做仓促决定）是 “没耐心” 的结果，名词 “impatience” 符合主语的状态，因此填 “impatience”。 10. The ______ (wise) of ancient philosophers still guides us today. 【答案】wisdom 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：古代哲学家的智慧至今仍指引着我们。转换逻辑 “形容词 + dom”，“wise”（明智的）是形容词，动词 “guides”（指引）前需接名词作主语，加 “dom” 成 “wisdom”；语境上，“of ancient philosophers”（古代哲学家的）指向思想层面，名词 “wisdom” 能体现哲学家的思想，故填 “wisdom”。 11. His ______ (foolish) led him to waste a lot of time and money. 【答案】foolishness 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他的愚蠢让他浪费了很多时间和金钱。转换规则 “形容词 + ness”，“foolish”（愚蠢的）是形容词，动词 “led”（导致）前需接名词作主语，加 “ness” 成 “foolishness”；语境上，“led him to waste time and money”（浪费时间金钱）是 “愚蠢” 的后果，名词 “foolishness” 符合主语的特质，因此填 “foolishness”。 12. She tried to hide her ______ (proud), but it was still noticeable. 【答案】pride 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：她试图隐藏自己的骄傲，但还是很明显。转换逻辑 “形容词去 e”，“proud”（骄傲的）是形容词，动词 “hide”（隐藏）后需接名词作宾语，变为它的名词 “pride”；语境上，“tried to hide”（试图隐藏）指向情绪，名词 “pride” 能体现想掩饰的情绪，故填 “pride”。 13. His ______ (humble) made him popular among his classmates. 【答案】humility 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：他的谦逊让他在同学中很受欢迎。“humble”（谦逊的）是形容词，动词 “made”（让）前需接名词作主语，将形容词变为名词“humility”；语境上，“made him popular among classmates”（在同学中受欢迎）是 “谦逊” 的结果，名词 “humility” 符合主语的品质，因此填 “humility”。 14. Regular exercise can improve your ______ (strong) and health. 【答案】strength 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：规律锻炼能提升你的力量和健康。“strong”（强壮的）是形容词，动词 “improve”（提升）后需接名词作宾语，strong变成 “strength”；语境上，“Regular exercise”（规律锻炼）对应身体层面，名词 “strength” 能体现身体力量，故填 “strength”。 15. We should face our ______ (weak) bravely and try to overcome them. 【答案】weaknesses 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：我们应该勇敢地面对自己的弱点，并努力克服它们。转换规则 “形容词 + ness”，“weak”（虚弱的）是形容词，动词 “face”（面对）后需接名词作宾语，加 “ness” 成 “weakness”，结合 “our”（我们的）和 “overcome them”（克服它们），此处需用复数形式 weaknesses 表示多个弱点”，所以用复数 “weaknesses”；语境上，“overcome them”（克服它们）说明是多个 “弱点”，复数名词符合语境，因此填 “weaknesses”。 16. Maintaining good ______ (healthy) is more important than making money. 【答案】health 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：保持良好的健康比赚钱更重要。转换逻辑 “形容词去 y”，“healthy”（健康的）是形容词，动词 “Maintaining”（保持）后需接名词作宾语，去 “y” 成 “health”；语境上，“more important than making money”（比赚钱重要）突出 “健康” 的重要性，名词 “health” 符合 “保持” 的对象，故填 “health”。 17. Poor living conditions may lead to ______ (ill). 【答案】illness 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：恶劣的生活条件可能会导致疾病。转换规则 “形容词 + ness”，“ill”（生病的）是形容词，动词短语 “lead to”（导致）后需接名词作宾语，加 “ness” 成 “illness”；语境上，“Poor living conditions”（恶劣生活条件）是引发 “疾病” 的原因，名词 “illness” 符合 “导致” 的结果，因此填 “illness”。 18. The ______ (long) of the river is about 500 kilometers. 【答案】length 【解析】句子翻译：这条河的长度大约是 500 公里。“long”（长的）是形容词，动词 “is”（是）前需接名词作主语，变成名词形式 “length”；语境上，“of the river”（河流的）和 “about 500 kilometers”（约 500 公里）指向测量维度，名词 “length” 能体现长度，故填 “length”。 19. The ______ (wide) of the road was expanded to ease traffic jams. 【答案】width 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：道路的宽度被拓宽了，以缓解交通拥堵。转换规则 “形容词去 e 加 th”，“wide”（宽的）是形容词，动词 “was expanded”（被拓宽）前需接名词作主语，去 “e” 加 “th” 成 “width”；语境上，“of the road”（道路的）和 “was expanded”（被拓宽）指向道路维度，名词 “width” 能体现宽度，因此填 “width”。 20. Her ______ (dishonest) was discovered when she couldn’t explain the missing money. 【答案】dishonesty 【解析】考查词性转换。句子翻译：当她无法解释丢失的钱时，她的不诚实被发现了。转换逻辑 “否定形容词 + ness”，“dishonest”（不诚实的）是形容词，动词 “was discovered”（被发现）前需接名词作主语，加 “ness” 成 “dishonesty”；语境上，“couldn’t explain the missing money”（无法解释丢钱）指向 “不诚实” 的行为，名词 “dishonesty” 符合主语，故填 “dishonesty”。 03词性转换考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创） 1. His ______ (invent) of the new device changed the way we communicate. 【答案】invention 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：他对新设备的发明改变了我们的交流方式。转换规则 “动词去 e 加 tion”，“invent”（动词，发明）是谓语动词词性，此处 “His” 后需名词作主语，去 “e” 加 “tion” 成 “invention”；语境上，“of the new device”（新设备的）指向发明成果，名词 “invention” 能体现 “改变交流方式” 的主体，因此填 “invention”。 2. She has a ______ (nature) talent for music and can play the piano well. 【答案】natural 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：她有音乐方面的自然天赋，钢琴弹得很好。转换规则 “名词 + al”，“nature”（名词，自然）是名词词性，此处修饰名词 “talent”（天赋）需形容词，加 “al” 成 “natural”；语境上，“can play the piano well”（钢琴弹得好）暗示天赋是天生的，形容词 “natural” 能体现 “自然的” 天赋，故填 “natural”。 3. It’s ______ (danger) to swim in this river because the current is too strong. 【答案】dangerous 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：在这条河里游泳很危险，因为水流太急了。转换规则 “名词 + ous”，“danger”（名词，危险）是名词词性，“It’s” 后需形容词作表语，加 “ous” 成 “dangerous”；语境上，“the current is too strong”（水流急）说明游泳有危险，形容词 “dangerous” 能体现 “危险的” 状态，因此填 “dangerous”。 4. He is a ______ (success) businessman who has created many job opportunities. 【答案】successful 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：他是一位成功的商人，创造了很多就业机会。转换规则 “名词 + ful”，“success”（名词，成功）是名词词性，修饰名词 “businessman”（商人）需形容词，加 “ful” 成 “successful”；语境上，“created many job opportunities”（创造就业机会）说明商人成功，形容词 “successful” 能体现 “成功的” 特质，故填 “successful”。 5. The ______ (teach) of English requires a lot of patience and creativity. 【答案】teaching 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：英语教学需要很多耐心和创造力。转换规则 “动词 + ing”，“teach”（动词，教）是谓语动词词性，“The” 后需名词作主语，加 “ing” 成 “teaching”；语境上，“of English”（英语的）指向教育行为，名词 “teaching” 能体现 “需要耐心” 的主体，因此填 “teaching”。 6. We were lucky to escape the accident without any ______ (injure). 【答案】injury 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：我们很幸运，逃过了事故，没有受到任何伤害。转换规则 “动词去 e 加 y”，“injure”（动词，伤害）是谓语动词词性，“without any” 后需名词，变成 “injury”；语境上，“escape the accident”（逃过事故）说明没有伤害，名词 “injury” 能体现 “伤害” 的结果，故填 “injury”。 7. The ______ (beautiful) of the sunset over the lake took our breath away. 【答案】beauty 【解析】考查词性转换（形容词变名词）。句子翻译：湖上日落的美丽让我们惊叹不已。转换规则 “形容词去 iful 加 y”，“beautiful”（形容词，美丽的）是形容词词性，“The” 后需名词作主语，beautiful（形容词）→ beauty（名词，去掉 -ful 加 -y）；语境上，“of the sunset”（日落的）指向景色特质，名词 “beauty” 能体现 “让人惊叹” 的主体，因此填 “beauty”。 8. This book gives us useful ______ (guide) on how to develop good habits. 【答案】guidance 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：这本书给了我们关于如何养成好习惯的有用指导。转换规则 “动词去 e 加 ance”，“guide”（动词，指导）是谓语动词词性，形容词 “useful” 后需名词，去 “e” 加 “ance” 成 “guidance”；语境上，“on how to develop good habits”（关于养成好习惯）指向建议内容，名词 “guidance” 能体现 “有用的” 建议，故填 “guidance”。 9. She is a ______ (care) nurse who takes good care of every patient. 【答案】careful 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：她是一位仔细的护士，把每个病人都照顾得很好。转换规则 “名词 + ful”，“care”（名词，小心）是名词词性，修饰名词 “nurse”（护士）需形容词，加 “ful” 成 “careful”；语境上，“takes good care of every patient”（照顾好每个病人）说明护士仔细，形容词 “careful” 能体现 “仔细的” 特质，因此填 “careful”。 10. The ______ (build) of the new hospital will be completed next year. 【答案】building 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：新医院的建造将于明年完工。转换规则 “动词 + ing”，“build”（动词，建造）是谓语动词词性，“The” 后需名词作主语，加 “ing” 成 “building”；语境上，“of the new hospital”（新医院的）指向工程行为，名词 “building” 能体现 “明年完工” 的主体，故填 “building”。 11. His ______ (perform) in the concert was highly praised by the audience. 【答案】performance 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：他在音乐会上的表演受到了观众的高度赞扬。转换规则 “动词 + ance”，“perform”（动词，表演）是谓语动词词性，“His” 后需名词作主语，加 “ance” 成 “performance”；语境上，“in the concert”（音乐会上的）指向艺术行为，名词 “performance” 能体现 “受到赞扬” 的主体，因此填 “performance”。 12. It’s ______ (help) to talk to someone when you’re feeling sad. 【答案】helpful 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：难过的时候和别人聊聊天是有帮助的。转换规则 “名词 + ful”，“help”（名词，帮助）是名词词性，“It’s” 后需形容词作表语，加 “ful” 成 “helpful”；语境上，“when you’re feeling sad”（难过时）说明聊天有帮助，形容词 “helpful” 能体现 “有帮助的” 状态，故填 “helpful”。 13. The ______ (write) of the novel spent three years doing research. 【答案】writer 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：这本小说的作家花了三年时间做研究。转换规则 “动词去 e 加 er”，“write”（动词，写）是谓语动词词性，“The” 后需名词（指人）作主语，去 “e” 加 “er” 成 “writer”；语境上，“of the novel”（小说的）指向创作主体，名词 “writer” 能体现 “花时间研究” 的人，因此填 “writer”。 14. This medicine can relieve your ______ (pain) effectively. 【答案】pain 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：这种药能有效缓解你的疼痛。 解析：“pain”（动词，疼痛）可直接作名词，“your” 后需名词作宾语；语境上，“This medicine can relieve”（这种药能缓解）说明是缓解疼痛，名词 “pain” 能体现 “缓解” 的对象，故填 “pain”。 15. He is a ______ (luck) guy who won the lottery twice. 【答案】lucky 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：他是个幸运的人，中了两次彩票。转换规则 “名词 + y”，“luck”（名词，运气）是名词词性，修饰名词 “guy”（人）需形容词，加 “y” 成 “lucky”；语境上，“won the lottery twice”（中两次彩票）说明人幸运，形容词 “lucky” 能体现 “幸运的” 特质，因此填 “lucky”。 16. The ______ (run) from Kenya broke the world record in the marathon. 【答案】runner 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：这位来自肯尼亚的跑步者打破了马拉松世界纪录。 解析：转换规则 “动词双写 n 加 er”，“run”（动词，跑）是谓语动词词性，“The” 后需名词（指人）作主语，双写 “n” 加 “er” 成 “runner”；语境上，“from Kenya”（来自肯尼亚的）和 “broke the marathon record”（打破马拉松纪录）指向运动主体，名词 “runner” 能体现 “跑步的人”，故填 “runner”。 17. The ______ (wonder) view from the mountain top attracted many tourists. 【答案】wonderful 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：山顶上的精彩景色吸引了很多游客。转换规则 “名词 + ful”，“wonder”（名词，奇迹）是名词词性，修饰名词 “view”（景色）需形容词，加 “ful” 成 “wonderful”；语境上，“attracted many tourists”（吸引很多游客）说明景色精彩，形容词 “wonderful” 能体现 “精彩的” 特质，因此填 “wonderful”。 18. Her ______ (decide) to study abroad surprised all her family members. 【答案】decision 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：她出国留学的决定让所有家人都很惊讶。转换规则 “动词去 e 加 ion”，“decide”（动词，决定）是谓语动词词性，“Her” 后需名词作主语，去 “e” 加 “ion” 成 “decision”；语境上，“to study abroad”（出国留学的）指向选择结果，名词 “decision” 能体现 “让家人惊讶” 的主体，故填 “decision”。 19. It’s ______ (harm) to eat too much junk food for your health. 【答案】harmful 【解析】考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句子翻译：吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。转换规则 “名词 + ful”，“harm”（名词，伤害）是名词词性，“It’s” 后需形容词作表语，加 “ful” 成 “harmful”；语境上，“for your health”（对你的健康）说明吃垃圾食品有害，形容词 “harmful” 能体现 “有害的” 状态，因此填 “harmful”。 20. The ______ (sing) of the national anthem filled everyone with pride. 【答案】singing 【解析】考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句子翻译：国歌的演唱让每个人都充满了自豪。转换规则 “动词 + ing”，“sing”（动词，唱歌）是谓语动词词性，“The” 后需名词作主语，加 “ing” 成 “singing”；语境上，“of the national anthem”（国歌的）指向音乐行为，名词 “singing” 能体现 “充满自豪” 的主体，故填 “singing”。 Passage 1 （2025海淀一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the end of each day, we all long for a little personal space and quiet time. Alone time can vary greatly from person to person. For some, it is ____15____ (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability ____16____ (disconnect) when alone. To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ____17____ it affects your emotions. If you feel refreshed after taking time to yourself, you can set aside more alone time into your schedule. However, if you feel frustrated when alone, you need to lean into social connections more frequently. 【答案】15. simply 16. to disconnect 17. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独处时间的个人差异，以及如何通过自我观察来确定独处是让自己恢复精力还是消耗精力。 15. 考查词性转换，形容词变副词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。此处需要用副词simply修饰介词短语about being physically away from people，表示“仅仅，只是”的意思，故填simply。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。the ability to do sth表示“做某事的能力”，所以此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰ability，表示“断开连接的能力”，故填to disconnect。 17. 考查宾语从句。句意：为了弄清楚独处是让你精力充沛还是消耗你的精力，你最好花一整天时间独处，观察它如何影响你的情绪。observe后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何影响你的情绪”，所以此处应用how引导从句，故填how。 Passage 2 （2025西城一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood. At first, I was nervous about working with _____11_____ (stranger), but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic. I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers. In autumn, we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank. I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect. The surprise came when I received a thank-you letter from a family _____12_____ benefited from our donations. It made me realize how powerful _____13_____ (kind) can be! 【答案】11. strangers 12. who##that 13. kindness 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从事社区花园项目，学会了如何种菜和养花，还得到了他人的感谢信。 11. 考查名词复数。句意：起初，我对和陌生人一起工作感到紧张，但每个人都很热情好客。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一用复数形式。故填strangers。 12. 考查定语从句。句意：让我惊喜的是，我收到了一封感谢信，来自一个受益于我们捐款的家庭。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是family，指人，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 13.考查词性转换。形容词变为名词。句意：这让我意识到善良的力量是多么强大！此处作从句的主语，应用名词kindness，不可数。故填kindness。 Passage 3 （2025东城一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship. AI acts as a smart tool, personalizing lessons ____18____ (match) each student’s pace and needs, which makes learning more effective. It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading, allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction. However, it is important to use AI responsibly — it should complement, not replace, the role of teachers and students. Ensuring ____19____ (fair), privacy, and ethical use is essential. When ____20____ (use) wisely, AI can transform education for the better. 【答案】18. to match 19. fairness 20. used 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了AI与学习的关系及其在教育中的合理应用。 18.考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能充当一个智能工具，通过个性化课程来匹配每个学生的学习节奏和需求，这使得学习更加有效。此处需用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了匹配每个学生的学习节奏和需求”。故填to match。 19.考查词性转换。形容词变为名词。句意：确保公平、隐私和道德使用是至关重要的。空处需用名词作动词Ensuring的宾语，形容词fair的名词为fairness，表示“公平”，是不可数名词。故填fairness。 20.考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被明智地使用时，人工智能能够让教育变得更好。“When____ (use) wisely”是when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，完整形式为：When it (指 AI) is used wisely，省略了主语it和be动词is。故填used。 Passage 4 （2025丰台一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Whales swim by moving their tails up and down. This motion ____11____ (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. However, whales find a way ____12____ (avoid) such damage. Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial role. It can maintain stable blood pressure, ____13____ (effective) reducing over 90% of the potential harm. This discovery also helps explain ____14____ seals, which don’t face the same issue, lack these structures. 【答案】11. creates 12. to avoid 13. effectively 14. why 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鲸鱼通过特殊血管网络避免脑部受损的机制。 11.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这种运动产生压力脉冲，会伤害它们的大脑。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，且主语为This motion，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填creates。 12. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，鲸鱼找到了一种避免这种伤害的方法。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的方式”。故填to avoid。 13. 考查词性转换，形容词变副词。句意：它可以保持稳定的血压，有效地减少90%以上的潜在危害。修饰动词reducing应用副词effectively“有效的”，作状语。故填effectively。 14.考查宾语从句。句意：这一发现也有助于解释为什么海豹没有面临同样的问题，却缺乏这些结构。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么海豹缺乏这些结构”，所以用why引导该从句。故填why。 Passage 5 （2025房山一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since the launch of Tiangong’s first component ___18___ 2021, Chinese space officials have discussed selecting and sending foreign astronauts to the space station. Now, China’s Tiangong space station is expected to welcome its first foreign ___19___ (visit)—a Pakistani astronaut. ___20___ (achieve) this historic mission, China and Pakistan will spend about a year completing the selection process before sending the chosen candidates to China for systematic training. This initiative marks a major step in international cooperation and inspires global space exploration. 【答案】18. in 19. visitor 20. To achieve 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了中国的天宫空间站预计将迎来一位巴基斯坦宇航员，中巴双方的合作标志着国际合作迈出了重要一步。 18.考查介词。句意：自2021年发射天宫一号部件以来，中国航天官员一直在讨论选择和派遣外国宇航员前往空间站。表示在某一年应用介词in。故填in。 19.考查词性转换。动词变名词。句意：现在，中国的天宫空间站预计将迎来第一位外国访客——一位巴基斯坦宇航员。作宾语，表示“访客”用名词visitor，根据后文a Pakistani astronaut可知名词应用单数形式。故填visitor。 20.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完成这一历史性使命，中巴双方将用一年左右的时间完成选拔过程，然后将被选中的候选人送往中国进行系统培训。此处achieve作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To achieve。 Passage 6 （2025房山一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Wetlands, known as the “kidneys of the earth,” are crucial ecosystems between land and water. When ___14___ (view) from a distance, wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful. Acting as nature’s purifiers, they can clean water, prevent floods and offer habitats, so experts emphasize ___15___ needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their ___16___ (survive). In recent years, many nations have made ___17___ (big) efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas. 【答案】14. viewed 15. what 16. survival 17. bigger 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的重要作用以及许多国家都在保护湿地。 14. 考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，湿地非常宁静美丽。此处view与wetlands构成被动关系，故用过去分词和when构成时间状语。故填viewed。 15. 考查宾语从句。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 16. 考查词性转换，动词变名词。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。作动词的宾语，用名词survival，抽象概念，不可数。故填survival。 17. 考查比较级。句意：近年来，许多国家比以往任何时候都做出了更大的努力来保护和恢复这些宝贵的自然地区。根据后文than ever before可知用形容词比较级修饰名词efforts。故填bigger。 Passage 7 （2025平谷一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Hainan Free Trade Port is ____11____ (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it ____12____ (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan ____13____ (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 【答案】11. the largest 12. has built 13. sincerely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海南自由贸易港作为全球最大自由贸易港的旅游资源、体育旅游发展、购物及免税店特色，以及其对全球游客的真诚欢迎。 11.考查形容词最高级。句意：海南自由贸易港是世界上最大的自由贸易港，拥有丰富的旅游资源和独特的文化。根据句中in the world可知，空处应用形容词large的最高级形式the largest来修饰free trade port，表示“最大的自由贸易港”。故填the largest。 12.考查时态。句意：海南也重视体育旅游的发展，到目前为止，已经建成了一座国家体育训练南方基地和一系列体育活动。根据时间状语until now可知，谓语动词build应用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has built。 13.考查词性转换，形容词换副词。句意：海南以其优质的服务和多元包容的文化氛围，真诚欢迎世界各地的游客来体验独特的海岛之旅。空处修饰动词welcomes，应用副词sincerely“真诚地”，作状语。故把形容词sincere变为副词，填sincerely。 Passage 8 （2025顺义一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked ___11___ he could help. With the parents’ ___12___ (permit), he started to play games with them. Soon, the children stopped crying. As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen ___13___ (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. 【答案】11. If/whether 12. permission 13. sincerely 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位青少年主动帮助一对父母带小孩的故事。 11.考查宾语从句。句意：一个青少年询问是否可以帮忙。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词意为“是否”，需用连接词whether/if引导。故填whether/if。 12. 查名词。句意：在得到父母的允许后，他开始和孩子们玩起了游戏。parents’是名词所有格，修饰名词，空处需填名词permission，为不可数名词。故填permission。 13. 考查词性转换，形容词变副词。句意：当父母准备下车时，他们真诚地感谢了那个青少年，而青少年表示他很乐意帮忙。修饰动词thanked，需用副词sincerely，作状语。故把形容词sincere变为副词，填sincerely。 Passage 9 （2025海淀二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. However, research ____19____ (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of ____20____ (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. 【答案】17. forgotten 18. have faded 19. consistently 20. letting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析人们在社交关系中的常见现象，强调了重新联系老朋友的重要性。 17. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。根据空格后的名词contacts可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰后面的名词，动词forget与名词contacts之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词forgotten作定语。故填forgotten。 18.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语是for some time，应该用现在完成时；从句的谓语动词fade与从句主语that指代的先行词friends在数上保持一致，应该用复数形式。故填have faded。 19. 考查词性转换，形容词变为副词。句意：然而，最新研究持续表明：社交关系对心理和身体健康至关重要。空格处修饰下文的动词shows，作状语，应该把形容词变为副词consistently。故填consistently。 20. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与其放任友情流逝，一条简单的信息就能弥合时光裂隙，双向提升幸福指数。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应该用动名词letting作宾语。故填letting。 Passage 10 （2025西城二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Staple foods (主食) in China typically include rice and noodles. but soon a new type may join the list: potato-turned rice. This rice-shaped starch (淀粉) product ____15____ (make) from potatoes, is undergoing initial production in Zhaotong. Yunnan Using a new technology, this ____16____ (innovation) product has the potential ____17____ (turn) potatoes into a widely accepted staple food in China helping improve the country’s food security. 【答案】15. made 16. innovative 17. to turn 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昭通生产的一种土豆转化大米。 15.考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由土豆制成的米状淀粉产品正在昭通进行初步生产。此处make与product构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填made。 16.考查词性转换，名词变为形容词。句意：使用一种新技术，这种创新产品有可能使土豆成为中国广泛接受的主食，有助于改善中国的粮食安全。作定语，修饰名词product用形容词。故把名词innovation变为形容词，故填innovative。 17.考查非谓语动词。句意：使用一种新技术，这种创新产品有可能使土豆成为中国广泛接受的主食，有助于改善中国的粮食安全。短语have the potential to do sth.表示“有可能……”。故填to turn。 Passage 11 （北京市通州区运河中学2024-2025学年第二学期开学考） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shi Guangyin of Shaanxi has spent decades ___14___ (fight) desertification in the Maowusu Desert. For more than thirty years, Shi led a group of tough guys in northern Shaanxi and ____15____ (plant) more than 53 million trees on the contracted 250, 000 mu of barren sand and alkali (碱) beaches, creating a “green Great Wall” in Yulin. “The ___16___ (prevent) and control of sand damage in the new era must not only solve ecological problems, but also solve the problem of poverty,” Shi said. 【答案】14. fighting 15. planted 16. prevention 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了陕西的石光银在毛乌素沙漠几十年致力于治理沙漠化的事迹。 14. 考查非谓语动词。句意：陕西的石光银已经在毛乌素沙漠花了几十年时间对抗沙漠化。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用动名词形式，且“spend time (in) doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以此处应填“fight”的动名词形式“fighting”，故填fighting。 15. 考查时态。句意：三十多年来，石光银带领陕北的一群硬汉，在承包的25万亩荒沙和盐碱滩上种植了5300多万棵树，在榆林造就了一道“绿色长城”。空处和“led”是并列谓语，需用一般过去时。故填 planted。 16. 考查词性转换，动词变名词。句意：石光银说：“新时代的防沙治沙，不仅要解决生态问题，还要解决贫困问题。”空处在句子中作主语，使用名词，“prevent”的名词形式是“prevention”，意为“预防；防止”，故填prevention。 Passage 12 （2025丰台二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chinese solar calendar ____17____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear (芒种), the ninth solar term, begins on June 5 this year. The ____18____ (arrive) of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops. It is also a busy period for farmers. The system of 24 solar terms ____19____ (establish) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. The culture remains useful today to direct people’s lives through special foods, cultural ____20____(ceremony) and healthy living tips. 【答案】17. divides 18. arrival 19. was established 20. ceremonies 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的二十四节气，包括芒种的相关信息以及节气系统的作用等。 17.考查动词时态。句意：中国的农历将一年分为 24 个节气。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The Chinese solar calendar是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为divides。故填divides。 18.考查词性转换，动词变名词。句意：芒种的到来意味着农作物的成熟。空处作句子主语，所给动词arrive的名词形式arrival符合题意，表示“到来”。故填arrival。 19.考查动词时态和语态。句意：二十四节气系统是几千年前建立的，用于指导农业生产。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语thousands of years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时，The system of 24 solar terms与establish之间是被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填 was established。 20.考查名词复数。句意：这种文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式和健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。此处与上文的special foods和下文的healthy living tips为并列关系， ceremony意为“仪式”为可数名词单数，所以此处也应用复数形式 ceremonies，表示泛指意义。故填ceremonies。 Passage 13 （2025昌平二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, ____17____ (lack) real communication. Studies ____18____ (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. However, used ____19____ (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange. Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging ____20____ offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. 【答案】17. lacking 18. conducted 19. wisely 20. in 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社交媒体在连接全球人们的同时，其过度使用可能对心理健康造成危害，特别是对青少年而言。 17.考查非谓语动词。句意：花数小时浏览短视频的青少年常常会感到孤独，并且缺乏真正的交流。句中谓语是feel，空格处用非谓语动词，Teenagers和lack之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填lacking。 18.考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年进行的研究表明，60%的用户将自己的生活与他人的帖子进行比较，从而导致焦虑。句中谓语是show，空格处用非谓语动词，Studies和conduct之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填conducted。 19.考查词性转换，形容词变为副词。句意：然而，如果使用得当，这些平台可以促进文化交流。空格处用副词修饰动词used，所以把形容词变为副词wisely，意为“明智地”，故填wisely。 20.考查介词。句意：教育工作者建议限制屏幕时间，参与一些线下活动。engage in是固定短语，意为“参与”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。 Passage 14 （北京一六一中学2025—2026学年度高三第一学期开学测试） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____16____ (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years ____17____ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean ____18____ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart into countless tiny pieces and fish can ____19____ (accident) eat some of them. Now, lots of countries and regions ____20____ (take) action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people ____21____ (use) them. 【答案】16. are thrown 17. to break 18. where 19. accidentally 20. are taking 21. using 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一次性塑料袋对海洋环境及海洋生物造成的危害，以及现在许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋。 16. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一次性塑料袋在被扔掉之前最多使用几次。throw(扔)是从句中谓语动词，与主语“they”之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 17．考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：它们需要几百年才能分解。“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以此处用不定式to break作真正的主语。故填to break。 18. 考查定语从句。句意：许多这样的袋子最终都进入了海洋，在那里，较大的袋子可能会困住海洋生物，比如海龟和海豚。“ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins”是定语从句，修饰先行词ocean ，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 19.考查词性转换。形容词变副词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些塑料袋会分解成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中的一些。提示词accident为名词，此处需修饰动词eat，需将其先变为形容词 accidental，再变为副词 accidentally 作状语”，意为“不小心，意外地”。故填accidentally。 20. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋，以阻止人们使用它们。take(采取)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“Now”可知，描述现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语“countries”是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are taking。 21.考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋，以阻止人们使用它们。“stop sb. (from) doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填using。 Passage 15 （北京市和平街第一中学2025-2026高三第一学期开学测试） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Online eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained ___18___ (popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But these shows have also received criticism ____19____ their waste of food. On Aug. 12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili, have removed videos ____20____ show food waste, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably”. 【答案】18. popularity 19. for 20. that/which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“吃播”节目，最初来源于韩国的大胃王，后风靡全球；但8月12日，央视点名批评了部分中国吃播，指出他们存在食物浪费的情况；为了阻止这种行为的发生，抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩将含有食物浪费情况的视频都下架了。 18．考查词性转换。形容词变名词。句意：“吃播”起源于韩国的“大胃王”，现已风靡全球。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填名词，作gain的宾语，根据所给提示词是形容词popular，其名词形式为popularity，受欢迎，普及，流行，不可数名词，故填popularity。 19.考查介词。句意：但这些节目也因浪费食物而受到批评。分析句子结构可知，这里需填介词，与their waste of food共同构成原因状语，for表示理由或者原因，意为“因为，由于”，符合题意。故填for。 20.考查定语从句。句意：为了阻止这种行为，抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩等许多视频和直播平台都删除了显示食物浪费的视频，并发布了制止食物浪费、合理饮食的信息。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是videos，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 Passage 16 （北京市育英学校2025届高三下学期开学测） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends — that’s one of the main ____17____(attract) of the Olympics. That’s why athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold under most circumstances, we all acknowledge, ____18____ “Higher, Faster, Stronger” works its magic, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is ____19____ victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s ____20____ the Olympics attracts us a lot. 【答案】17. attractions 18. that 19. beyond 20. why 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述奥运会运动员之间的关系，既是竞争者又是朋友。 17.考查词性转换+名词复数。句意：运动员不仅是竞争对手，也是好朋友——这是奥运会的主要吸引力之一。空处应填名词作表语，动词attract的名词为attraction意为“吸引力”，根据one of后接名词复数，表示“……之一”可知，此处为名词复数。故填attractions。 18.考查宾语从句。句意：作为竞争者，他们在大多数情况下都是为了金牌而竞争，我们都承认，“更高、更快、更强”发挥了它的魔力，但作为朋友，他们一起挑战极限。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 19.考查介词。句意：从其他选手那里得到的拥抱在奥运会上总是引人注目的，因为真正的奥林匹克精神是超越胜利和国界的。根据上文“Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends”可知，奥运会上的运动员既是竞争者也是好朋友，所以此处指他们的友谊是远超胜利和国界的，beyond“超过”符合语境。故填beyond。 20. 考查表语从句。句意：这就是奥运会吸引我们的原因。空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作原因状语，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。 1．【人与动物和谐相处】【名词变形容词】（2025年北京卷·语法填空11；1.5分） Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 【答案】 peaceful 【解析】考查词性转换，名词变为形容词。句意：多数放学以后，我喜欢和我的狗Nick在森林散步。这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 2. 【名词变形容词】【形容词变副词】（2025年全国高考I卷 语法填空63，65，3分）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】63. strategic/strategical 65. digitally 【解析】63.考查词性转换，63考查名词变为形容词，65考查形容词变为副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。63空处修饰名词placement，需把所给的名词变为形容词strategic或者strategical“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic/strategical。“strategic” 更常用，“strategical” 为较少用变体。65空处修饰形容词generated，需把所给的形容词变为副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 词性转换 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01词性转换考点分项练（单句语法填空）（原创） 题型02词性转换考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（语篇语法填空，最新模拟） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．【常德丝弦艺术，传播中国传统文化】（2025-2026北京海淀高三期中） Under Zhan’s guidance, Zhang progressed ___12___ (steady), emerging as one of the most promising young performers. 2．【考查形容词变名词】 （2025-2026北京海淀高三期中）Trust came out of ___20___ (necessary), not choice. 3．【新媒体新技术】 (2025·福建省福州市一模) The fan-making industry in China 58 (primary) consisted of family-run businesses that produced their designs in small 59 (quantity) and sold them from the front of their workshops. The city of Hangzhou was the center of the industry during the Southern Song dynasty. 4. 【考查动词变名词】（2025朝阳二模） Tang Wensheng, 81, born in New York, is an outstanding Chinese ____11____ (interpret). She worked for China’s top leaders during the 1970s. “I think it was a privilege and a learning experience,” Tang said. Her mastery of language and extensive insights ____12____ foreign affairs enabled her to handle high-level dialogues smoothly. Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang ____13____ (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 01词性转换考点分项练（单句语法填空）（原创） 形容词变副词单句练习 1. 1.She is a quick runner and she always runs ______ (quick) in the race. 2. The old man walked ______ (slow) along the street because of his bad legs. 3. You must listen ______ (careful) to the teacher’s instructions before the experiment. 4. He did his homework ______ (careless), so he made many mistakes. 5. The children laughed ______ (happy) when they saw the funny cartoon. 6. She looked at me ______ (sad) and told me her grandfather passed away. 7. This math problem is not difficult; you can solve it ______ (easy). 8. It rained ______ (heavy) last night, causing some roads to be flooded. 9. All the students agreed ______ (strong) with the teacher’s suggestion. 10. The mother held her baby ______ (gentle) in her arms. 11. The lights went out ______ (sudden), and the room became completely dark. 12. The situation improved ______ (gradual) with the efforts of everyone. 13. Please speak ______ (clear) so that everyone in the room can hear you. 14. The boy shouted ______ (loud) to get his friend’s attention across the playground. 15. They talked ______ (quiet) in the library to avoid disturbing others. 16. The sun shone ______ (bright) through the window, warming the whole room. 17. Make sure you answer the questions ______ (correct) if you want to pass the test. 18. He greeted the guests ______ (polite) at the door with a big smile. 19. The machine works ______ (simple) and doesn’t need complicated operations. 20. She sang ______ (soft) to put her little sister to sleep. 形容词变名词单句练习 1. Everyone admires her ______ (kind) because she often helps the homeless. 2. His ______ (honest) won him the trust of all his colleagues. 3. We should learn from her ______ (brave) when facing difficulties. 4. The ______ (happy) on the children’s faces made the volunteers feel satisfied. 5. Her ______ (sad) was obvious after she heard the bad news. 6. His ______ (angry) made him say things he later regretted. 7. The ______ (cruel) of the war left a deep impression on the survivors. 8. ______ (patient) is an important quality for a teacher to have. 9. His ______ (impatient) caused him to make hasty decisions. 10. The ______ (wise) of ancient philosophers still guides us today. 11. His ______ (foolish) led him to waste a lot of time and money. 12. She tried to hide her ______ (proud), but it was still noticeable. 13. His ______ (humble) made him popular among his classmates. 14. Regular exercise can improve your ______ (strong) and health. 15. We should face our ______ (weak) bravely and try to overcome them. 16. Maintaining good ______ (healthy) is more important than making money. 17. Poor living conditions may lead to ______ (ill). 18. The ______ (long) of the river is about 500 kilometers. 19. The ______ (wide) of the road was expanded to ease traffic jams. 20. Her ______ (dishonest) was discovered when she couldn’t explain the missing money. 03词性转换考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创） 1. His ______ (invent) of the new device changed the way we communicate. 2. She has a ______ (nature) talent for music and can play the piano well. 3. It’s ______ (danger) to swim in this river because the current is too strong. 4. He is a ______ (success) businessman who has created many job opportunities. 5. The ______ (teach) of English requires a lot of patience and creativity. 6. We were lucky to escape the accident without any ______ (injure). 7. The ______ (beautiful) of the sunset over the lake took our breath away. 8. This book gives us useful ______ (guide) on how to develop good habits. 9. She is a ______ (care) nurse who takes good care of every patient. 10. The ______ (build) of the new hospital will be completed next year. 11. His ______ (perform) in the concert was highly praised by the audience. 12. It’s ______ (help) to talk to someone when you’re feeling sad. 13. The ______ (write) of the novel spent three years doing research. 14. This medicine can relieve your ______ (pain) effectively. 15. He is a ______ (luck) guy who won the lottery twice. 16. The ______ (run) from Kenya broke the world record in the marathon. 17. The ______ (wonder) view from the mountain top attracted many tourists. 18. Her ______ (decide) to study abroad surprised all her family members. 19. It’s ______ (harm) to eat too much junk food for your health. 20. The ______ (sing) of the national anthem filled everyone with pride. Passage 1 （2025海淀一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the end of each day, we all long for a little personal space and quiet time. Alone time can vary greatly from person to person. For some, it is ____15____ (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability ____16____ (disconnect) when alone. To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ____17____ it affects your emotions. If you feel refreshed after taking time to yourself, you can set aside more alone time into your schedule. However, if you feel frustrated when alone, you need to lean into social connections more frequently. Passage 2 （2025西城一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood. At first, I was nervous about working with _____11_____ (stranger), but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic. I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers. In autumn, we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank. I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect. The surprise came when I received a thank-you letter from a family _____12_____ benefited from our donations. It made me realize how powerful _____13_____ (kind) can be! Passage 3 （2025东城一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship. AI acts as a smart tool, personalizing lessons ____18____ (match) each student’s pace and needs, which makes learning more effective. It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading, allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction. However, it is important to use AI responsibly — it should complement, not replace, the role of teachers and students. Ensuring ____19____ (fair), privacy, and ethical use is essential. When ____20____ (use) wisely, AI can transform education for the better. Passage 4 （2025丰台一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Whales swim by moving their tails up and down. This motion ____11____ (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. However, whales find a way ____12____ (avoid) such damage. Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial role. It can maintain stable blood pressure, ____13____ (effective) reducing over 90% of the potential harm. This discovery also helps explain ____14____ seals, which don’t face the same issue, lack these structures. Passage 5 （2025房山一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since the launch of Tiangong’s first component ___18___ 2021, Chinese space officials have discussed selecting and sending foreign astronauts to the space station. Now, China’s Tiangong space station is expected to welcome its first foreign ___19___ (visit)—a Pakistani astronaut. ___20___ (achieve) this historic mission, China and Pakistan will spend about a year completing the selection process before sending the chosen candidates to China for systematic training. This initiative marks a major step in international cooperation and inspires global space exploration. Passage 6 （2025房山一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Wetlands, known as the “kidneys of the earth,” are crucial ecosystems between land and water. When ___14___ (view) from a distance, wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful. Acting as nature’s purifiers, they can clean water, prevent floods and offer habitats, so experts emphasize ___15___ needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their ___16___ (survive). In recent years, many nations have made ___17___ (big) efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas. Passage 7 （2025平谷一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Hainan Free Trade Port is ____11____ (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it ____12____ (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan ____13____ (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. Passage 8 （2025顺义一模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked ___11___ he could help. With the parents’ ___12___ (permit), he started to play games with them. Soon, the children stopped crying. As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen ___13___ (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. Passage 9 （2025海淀二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. However, research ____19____ (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of ____20____ (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. Passage 10 （2025西城二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Staple foods (主食) in China typically include rice and noodles. but soon a new type may join the list: potato-turned rice. This rice-shaped starch (淀粉) product ____15____ (make) from potatoes, is undergoing initial production in Zhaotong. Yunnan Using a new technology, this ____16____ (innovation) product has the potential ____17____ (turn) potatoes into a widely accepted staple food in China helping improve the country’s food security. Passage 11 （北京市通州区运河中学2024-2025学年第二学期开学考） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shi Guangyin of Shaanxi has spent decades ___14___ (fight) desertification in the Maowusu Desert. For more than thirty years, Shi led a group of tough guys in northern Shaanxi and ____15____ (plant) more than 53 million trees on the contracted 250, 000 mu of barren sand and alkali (碱) beaches, creating a “green Great Wall” in Yulin. “The ___16___ (prevent) and control of sand damage in the new era must not only solve ecological problems, but also solve the problem of poverty,” Shi said. Passage 12 （2025丰台二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chinese solar calendar ____17____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear (芒种), the ninth solar term, begins on June 5 this year. The ____18____ (arrive) of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops. It is also a busy period for farmers. The system of 24 solar terms ____19____ (establish) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. The culture remains useful today to direct people’s lives through special foods, cultural ____20____(ceremony) and healthy living tips. Passage 13 （2025昌平二模） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, ____17____ (lack) real communication. Studies ____18____ (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. However, used ____19____ (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange. Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging ____20____ offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. Passage 14 （北京一六一中学2025—2026学年度高三第一学期开学测试） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____16____ (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years ____17____ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean ____18____ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart into countless tiny pieces and fish can ____19____ (accident) eat some of them. Now, lots of countries and regions ____20____ (take) action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people ____21____ (use) them. Passage 15 （北京市和平街第一中学2025-2026高三第一学期开学测试） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Online eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained ___18___ (popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But these shows have also received criticism ____19____ their waste of food. On Aug. 12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili, have removed videos ____20____ show food waste, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably”. Passage 16 （北京市育英学校2025届高三下学期开学测） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends — that’s one of the main ____17____(attract) of the Olympics. That’s why athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold under most circumstances, we all acknowledge, ____18____ “Higher, Faster, Stronger” works its magic, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is ____19____ victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s ____20____ the Olympics attracts us a lot. 1．【人与动物和谐相处】【名词变形容词】（2025年北京卷·语法填空11；1.5分） Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 2. 【名词变形容词】【形容词变副词】（2025年全国高考I卷 语法填空63，65，3分）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $