精品解析：河南省郑州市十校联考2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题

2025-2026学年上期高一年级期中联考试题 英语学科 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。考生应首先阅读试题卷上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答 (答题注意事项见答题卡) 。在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Daisy do this afternoon? A. Go to the cinema. B. Organize a party. C. Celebrate her birthday. 2. What is the man? A. A pilot. B. A writer. C. A journalist. 3 Where will Brenda most probably go now? A. A store. B. The airport. C. A post office. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Classmates. 5. Why does the woman learn to dance? A. To become a dancer. B. To lose some weight. C. To attend a competition. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What seemed to bother Sally at school today? A. She didn’t make any friends. B. She disliked the new school. C. She found the lessons difficult. 7. How does Sally sound at the end of the conversation? A. Anxious. B. Surprised. C. Happy. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the man buying books for? A. His son. B. His students. C. Some teenagers. 9. Which book is written by J. W. Reid? A. Saving Big Forests to Save the Planet. B. A Little Book about the Big Bang. C. Science by Women. 10. How much does Science by Women cost? A. $30. B. $60. C. $90. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want Henry to do this summer? A. Learn Chinese. B. Study Chinese painting. C. Travel to China. 12. What age group does Jim belong to? A. Under 3 years old. B. 3 to 6 years old. C. 6 to 10 years old. 13. When will the classes end? A. On July 5th. B. On July 18th. C. On July 20th. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How did Frank learn about Australia when he was little? A. On TV. B. From his friend. C. Through the Internet. 15. What did Frank mainly do at the Lizard Island? A. He went fishing. B. He dove into the water. C. He watched many fish. 16. What will Frank probably talk about next? A. His new trip plan. B. His experience of boating. C. His visit to two other sights. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker grow up? A. In Columbus. B. In Matthews. C. In Charlotte. 18. How did Florence feel after moving to Charlotte at first? A. Satisfied. B. Sad. C. Carefree. 19. Why did the speaker decide to draw pictures? A. To help her daughter. B. To explain her book. C. To kill time. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How she became an artist by chance. B. How she learned about North Carolina. C. How she fell in love with her new home. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the World’s Natural Disasters The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By flood, typhoon, or earthquake, these events have altogether taken millions of human lives. Yangtze River Flood The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood influenced more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster. Typhoon Nina Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26, 000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒) . The number of people influenced by the disaster was more than 10,000,000. Kashmir Earthquake On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Jashmir region. The earthquake measured 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction (建筑). In Kashmir, at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down. Haitian Earthquake At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake measured 7.0 and was followed by aftershocks that measured 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock that measured 5.9 struck on January 20. There have been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes. 1. Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A. Typhoon Nina. B. Kashmir Earthquake. C. Haiti Earthquake. D. Yangtze River Flood. 2. What made the situation in Kashmir more serious? A. The serious aftershocks. B. The continuous falling rocks. C. The terrible construction. D. The diseases after the earthquake. 3. What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti? A. It happened only once. B. It left many people homeless. C. It had many secondary disasters. D. It happened in the hottest season. B My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke this window?” Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher might have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time. “Oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get pocket money. “My father is going to be annoyed,” I thought. I didn’t want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger than I pulled it skyward. I told the truth, “I did it.” It was hard enough to say what I had done. My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher, who would strike a student with it, but I feared she was going to start with me. “I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden (深感歉疚的) face. “Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now. It’s time that we got a new one for the school anyway. You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding (奖励) you for your misdeed; I am rewarding you for your honesty.” I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving up money to buy. All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me. That lesson stays with me every day, and it will echo (回响) forever. 4. How was the author’s teacher in general? A. She could get angry easily. B. She could become sad easily. C. She was usually strict and serious. D. She was usually gentle and mild. 5. What did the author think when his teacher took down a book? A. She would introduce the book. B. She would hit him hard with it. C. She would read an article from it. D. She would give it to him as a reward. 6. What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A. The author had to pay for the broken window. B. The teacher rewarded the author for his bravery. C. The class would get a new book about birds soon. D. The author felt proud when admitting his misdeed. 7. What is the lesson the author’s teacher taught him? A Honesty pays off. B. Kill two birds with one stone. C. Action speaks louder than words. D Forgive others whenever you can. C A small study out of Skidmore College examined the advantages of morning vs, evening exercise for both women and men. Paul, professor for health at Skidmore, led the study. “We had the groups divided into evening and morning groups,” he says. “We found women and men answered differently to different types of exercise depending on the time of the day, which surprised us.” The study showed that for women who want to lower blood pressure (血压), the risk of heart disease or reduce fat, morning exercise works best. Those women hoping for upper body muscle (肌肉) gains or mood (心情) improvement should consider evening exercise. For the men, the findings were somewhat different: Evening exercise lowers blood pressure, the risk of heart disease, and feelings of tiredness. But similar to women, they burn more fat with morning exercise. “For many people, the best time to exercise will depend on their chronotype,” says Heisz, author of Move the Body, Heal the Mind. “Chronotype is your body’s natural habit to sleep at a certain time—it’s what decides whether you’re a night owl or an early bird. For the 25% of the population that considers themselves a night owl, getting both enough sleep and enough exercise can be difficult,” adds Heisz. He continues, “Sleep—which provides your body the necessary time to recover (恢复) and make gains from exercise—should always be the first choice. When it comes to exercise, regardless of research on the advantages of certain exercises at particular times of the day, your results will not be good if it doesn’t allow enough time for sleep.” 8. What can women get by doing evening exercise according to the study? A. A fat loss. B. A good mood. C. A lower blood pressure. D. A smaller risk of heart disease. 9. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5? A. Give an example. B. Tell the difference. C. Do an experiment. D. Explain a term. 10. What does Heisz think is important to achieve good results of exercise? A. Enough sleep. B. Low-fat food. C. Plenty of water. D. Lots of exercise. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. A Night Owl or An Early Bird B. Why Fitness Plan Being Important C. How to Change Your Exercise Time D. The Best Time of a Day to Exercise D After waking up at the midnight every day for a week, today you might be told you have insomnia (失眠). But a few generations ago, this may hardly have been reason for concern. Waking in the middle of the night was common, if not the norm, in western preindustrial cultures, according to Roger Ekirch, a professor of history who researched segmented (分段的) sleep. With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session. Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep. Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature. In his 1992 pioneering work on the subject, scientist Thomas Wehr observed that, after several weeks of being limited to a dark room for 14 hours per day, nearly all participants had changed into the sleep cycle. In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group. Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.” 12. Why did people in the past have a longer rest period? A. They had a free schedule. B. They lived a life without alarms. C. They followed natural laws. D. They formed a weak sense of time. 13. What do the underlined words “this behavior” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The return to sleep. B. The segmented sleep. C. Sleeping for several hours. D. Waking up at a certain time. 14. What is the role of wakefulness between sleep? A. Keeping the group safe. B. Controlling sleep periods. C. Increasing social connection. D. Strengthening sleep adaptability. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The recorded study on human sleep. B. The science behind segmented sleep. C. How segmented sleep benefits humans. D. How social factors influence sleep patterns. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. ____16____. Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. ____17____. Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. ____18____. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). ____19____ . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. ____20____! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A. It’s important to be a good tourist B. Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C. The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E. The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F. Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G. One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the display (流露) of human ____35____ won the day. 21. A. finished B. followed C. changed D. designed 22. A. excuse B. chance C. trouble D. delay 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. competitor D. classmate 24. A. school B. race C. town D. training 25. A. stopped B. returned C. agreed D. promised 26. A. courage B. determination C. aid D. advice 27. A. went away B. bent down C. walked aside D. stood up 28. A. equal B. public C. positive D. medical 29. A. examined B. delivered C. recognized D. explored 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31 A. worried B. frightened C. annoyed D. confused 32. A. game B. problem C. deal D. lesson 33. A. treat B. leave C. evacuate D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. kindness B. regard C. rescue D. strength 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 CHINA TO THE RESCUE! The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. The team brings help and hope to those ____36____ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster. After long and careful training, the team went on ____37____ (it) first international rescue missions (任务) in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria (阿尔及利亚) and Iran (伊朗) . Since then, the CISAR ____38____ (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other ____39____ (supply) . They have to be able to do work that is ____40____ (challenge) under conditions that can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers often get to save lives ____41____ ruins, but they must also bury ____42____ dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind. ____43____ (compare) with ordinary people, rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life ____44____ (save) someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help ____45____ (need) . 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是校英文报编辑李华，收到一封来自国际部学生Confused Tom的来信。他在信中提到，进入高中后，由于科目增多对学习感到困惑。请给Confused Tom写一封信，内容包括： (1) 表达理解并安慰； (2) 提出建议。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Confused Tom, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a bitterly cold January day, I saw Bobby in my fourth-grade classroom for the first time. He was wearing worn-out shirt and jeans, obviously too small. One of his shoes was missing a lace, flopping (移动) up and down when he walked. He looked so disgusting that nobody would treat him as a normal child. Bobby’s behavior was strange, too. His normal tone of voice was a yell. He never made eye contact with anyone, and made his comments continuously during class. Besides, Bobby’s academic skills were non-existent. He couldn’t read or write, not even the letters of the alphabet. I thought Bobby should belong in a classroom that taught basic social skills. I checked his records and was shocked to learn that his IQ was normal. The school counselor (辅导顾问) told me that Bobby was a lot closer to normal than his mother was. He had been placed in Children’s Welfare Home for the first three years of his life before he was returned to his mother. They had moved to a different town at least once a year. Bobby’s intelligence was normal, so he would remain in my classroom. I hated it but had to accept his being in my class. I had never taught someone like Bobby before. It was a struggle to even plan lessons for him. I took pride in being a good teacher, and I was disgusted with myself for not liking him and not wanting him in my class. One day, Bobby came into the classroom with his shirt torn and his nose bloodied. He had been jumped on by a group of my students. Bobby sat down and opened his book, pretending nothing had happened. Blood and tears dropped onto the pages. I sent Bobby to the nurse and scolded (训斥，责骂) those students angrily. I yelled that they ought to be ashamed of themselves for not liking him just because he acted strangely. His being different was even more reason to treat him kindly. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 That incident changed how I felt about Bobby. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年上期高一年级期中联考试题 英语学科 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。考生应首先阅读试题卷上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答 (答题注意事项见答题卡) 。在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Daisy do this afternoon? A. Go to the cinema. B. Organize a party. C. Celebrate her birthday. 2. What is the man? A. A pilot. B. A writer. C. A journalist. 3. Where will Brenda most probably go now? A. A store. B. The airport. C. A post office. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Classmates. 5. Why does the woman learn to dance? A. To become a dancer. B. To lose some weight. C. To attend a competition. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What seemed to bother Sally at school today? A. She didn’t make any friends. B. She disliked the new school. C. She found the lessons difficult. 7. How does Sally sound at the end of the conversation? A. Anxious. B. Surprised. C. Happy. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the man buying books for? A. His son. B. His students. C. Some teenagers. 9. Which book is written by J. W. Reid? A. Saving Big Forests to Save the Planet. B. A Little Book about the Big Bang. C. Science by Women. 10. How much does Science by Women cost? A. $30. B. $60. C. $90. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want Henry to do this summer? A. Learn Chinese. B. Study Chinese painting. C. Travel to China. 12. What age group does Jim belong to? A. Under 3 years old. B. 3 to 6 years old. C. 6 to 10 years old. 13. When will the classes end? A. On July 5th. B. On July 18th. C. On July 20th. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How did Frank learn about Australia when he was little? A. On TV. B. From his friend. C. Through the Internet. 15. What did Frank mainly do at the Lizard Island? A. He went fishing. B. He dove into the water. C. He watched many fish. 16. What will Frank probably talk about next? A. His new trip plan. B. His experience of boating. C. His visit to two other sights. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker grow up? A. In Columbus. B. In Matthews. C. In Charlotte. 18. How did Florence feel after moving to Charlotte at first? A. Satisfied. B. Sad. C. Carefree. 19. Why did the speaker decide to draw pictures? A. To help her daughter. B. To explain her book. C. To kill time. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How she became an artist by chance. B. How she learned about North Carolina. C. How she fell in love with her new home. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the World’s Natural Disasters The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By flood, typhoon, or earthquake, these events have altogether taken millions of human lives. Yangtze River Flood The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood influenced more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster. Typhoon Nina Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26, 000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒) . The number of people influenced by the disaster was more than 10,000,000. Kashmir Earthquake On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Jashmir region. The earthquake measured 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction (建筑). In Kashmir, at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down. Haitian Earthquake At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake measured 7.0 and was followed by aftershocks that measured 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock that measured 5.9 struck on January 20. There have been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes. 1. Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A. Typhoon Nina. B. Kashmir Earthquake. C. Haiti Earthquake. D. Yangtze River Flood. 2. What made the situation in Kashmir more serious? A. The serious aftershocks. B. The continuous falling rocks. C The terrible construction. D. The diseases after the earthquake. 3. What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti? A. It happened only once. B. It left many people homeless. C. It had many secondary disasters. D. It happened in the hottest season. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了长江洪水、台风妮娜、克什米尔地震和海地地震这四次世界自然灾害，它们以不同形式造成大量人员伤亡、房屋损毁，波及众多民众。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster.(包括国家海洋与大气管理局在内的政府机构估计，此次灾难造成约370万人丧生)”；第三段“The typhoon caused a serious dam failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured.(这场台风导致了严重的水坝垮塌，造成超过15万人死亡或受伤)”；第四段“In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down.(在克什米尔地区，至少有79000人丧生，超过32000座建筑物倒塌)”以及最后一段“There has been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died.(对于此次地震造成的总死亡人数，存在不同的看法，但据估计，约有20万至30万人丧生)”可知，长江洪水造成的死亡人数最多。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction.(由于建筑质量不佳，此次灾害造成的破坏程度更加严重，死亡人数也大幅增加)”可知，糟糕的建筑质量让克什米尔的局势变得更加严峻。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes.(又有数十万人被迫离开了自己的家园)”可知，这次袭击海地的地震导致许多人无家可归。故选B。 B My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke this window?” Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher might have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time. “Oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get pocket money. “My father is going to be annoyed,” I thought. I didn’t want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger than I pulled it skyward. I told the truth, “I did it.” It was hard enough to say what I had done. My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher, who would strike a student with it, but I feared she was going to start with me. “I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden (深感歉疚的) face. “Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now. It’s time that we got a new one for the school anyway. You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding (奖励) you for your misdeed; I am rewarding you for your honesty.” I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving up money to buy. All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me. That lesson stays with me every day, and it will echo (回响) forever. 4. How was the author’s teacher in general? A. She could get angry easily. B. She could become sad easily. C. She was usually strict and serious. D. She was usually gentle and mild. 5. What did the author think when his teacher took down a book? A. She would introduce the book. B She would hit him hard with it. C She would read an article from it. D. She would give it to him as a reward. 6. What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A. The author had to pay for the broken window. B. The teacher rewarded the author for his bravery. C. The class would get a new book about birds soon. D. The author felt proud when admitting his misdeed. 7. What is the lesson the author’s teacher taught him? A. Honesty pays off. B. Kill two birds with one stone. C. Action speaks louder than words. D. Forgive others whenever you can. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者不小心打碎窗户后主动承认错误，老师未惩罚反而奖励他心仪的鸟类图鉴，让他铭记“诚实有回报”的道理。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She seldom became angry, but she was this time.(她很少生气，但这次她生气了。)”可知，作者的老师通常性情温和，不轻易发怒，只是这次因窗户被打碎而生气。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher, who would strike a student with it, but I feared she was going to start with me.(我的老师从图书馆的书架上取下一本书，我从来不知道我的老师会用它打学生，但我担心她会从我开始。)”可知，作者看到老师取下一本书时，以为老师会用这本书狠狠打他。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now. It’s time that we got a new one for the school anyway.(这是你经常借阅的那本鸟类图鉴。现在它是你的了。不管怎样，我们学校也该换一本新的了。)”可知，学校很快会添置一本新的鸟类图鉴。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed; I am rewarding you for your honesty.(你不会受到惩罚，只要你记住，我奖励你不是因为你的错误行为，而是因为你的诚实。)”及全文内容可知，老师通过奖励诚实的作者，传递了“诚实有回报”的道理，这也是作者从老师那里学到的核心教训。故选A项。 C A small study out of Skidmore College examined the advantages of morning vs, evening exercise for both women and men. Paul, professor for health at Skidmore, led the study. “We had the groups divided into evening and morning groups,” he says. “We found women and men answered differently to different types of exercise depending on the time of the day, which surprised us.” The study showed that for women who want to lower blood pressure (血压), the risk of heart disease or reduce fat, morning exercise works best. Those women hoping for upper body muscle (肌肉) gains or mood (心情) improvement should consider evening exercise. For the men, the findings were somewhat different: Evening exercise lowers blood pressure, the risk of heart disease, and feelings of tiredness. But similar to women, they burn more fat with morning exercise. “For many people, the best time to exercise will depend on their chronotype,” says Heisz, author of Move the Body, Heal the Mind. “Chronotype is your body’s natural habit to sleep at a certain time—it’s what decides whether you’re a night owl or an early bird. For the 25% of the population that considers themselves a night owl, getting both enough sleep and enough exercise can be difficult,” adds Heisz. He continues, “Sleep—which provides your body the necessary time to recover (恢复) and make gains from exercise—should always be the first choice. When it comes to exercise, regardless of research on the advantages of certain exercises at particular times of the day, your results will not be good if it doesn’t allow enough time for sleep.” 8. What can women get by doing evening exercise according to the study? A. A fat loss. B. A good mood. C. A lower blood pressure. D. A smaller risk of heart disease. 9. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5? A. Give an example. B. Tell the difference. C. Do an experiment. D. Explain a term. 10. What does Heisz think is important to achieve good results of exercise? A. Enough sleep. B. Low-fat food. C. Plenty of water. D. Lots of exercise. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. A Night Owl or An Early Bird B. Why Fitness Plan Being Important C. How to Change Your Exercise Time D. The Best Time of a Day to Exercise 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文讲述了一项关于早晚锻炼对女性和男性不同的受益，研究表明对于男性和女性根据需求不同最佳锻炼时间不同。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Those women hoping for upper body muscle (肌肉) gains or mood (心情) improvement should consider evening exercise.(那些希望增加上身肌肉或改善情绪的女性应该考虑晚上锻炼)”可知，根据这项研究，女性可以通过晚上锻炼改善情绪，变得情绪好。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段内容““Chronotype is your body’s natural habit to sleep at a certain time—it’s what decides whether you’re a night owl or an early bird. For the 25% of the population that considers themselves a night owl, getting both enough sleep and enough exercise can be difficult,” adds Heisz.(“生物钟是你身体在特定时间睡觉的自然习惯，它决定了你是夜猫子还是早起鸟。对于25%认为自己是夜猫子的人来说，获得足够的睡眠和足够的锻炼是很困难的，”海兹补充道)”可知，在本段作者解释了一个术语——生物钟。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“When it comes to exercise, regardless of research on the advantages of certain exercises at particular times of the day, your results will not be good if it doesn’t allow enough time for sleep.(说到运动，不管研究表明在一天中的特定时间进行某些运动有什么好处，如果没有足够的睡眠时间，你的结果都不会好)”可知，海兹认为要达到良好的运动效果，足够的睡眠是重要的。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A small study out of Skidmore College examined the advantages of morning vs, evening exercise for both women and men. ( 斯基德莫尔学院的一项小型研究调查了早晚锻炼对女性和男性的好处)”和第三段的“The study showed that for women who want to lower blood pressure (血压), the risk of heart disease or reduce fat, morning exercise works best. Those women hoping for upper body muscle (肌肉) gains or mood (心情) improvement should consider evening exercise. For the men, the findings were somewhat different: Evening exercise lowers blood pressure, the risk of heart disease, and feelings of tiredness. But similar to women, they burn more fat with morning exercise.(研究表明，对于想要降低血压、心脏病风险或减少脂肪的女性来说，晨练效果最好。那些希望增加上身肌肉或改善情绪的女性应该考虑晚上锻炼。对于男性来说，研究结果有些不同：晚上锻炼可以降低血压、患心脏病的风险和疲劳感。但与女性相似的是，他们通过晨练燃烧更多的脂肪)”可知，本文讲述了一项关于早晚锻炼对女性和男性不同的受益，研究表明对于男性和女性根据需求不同最佳锻炼时间不同。因此推断D项“一天中锻炼的最佳时间”为最佳标题。故选D。 D After waking up at the midnight every day for a week, today you might be told you have insomnia (失眠). But a few generations ago, this may hardly have been reason for concern. Waking in the middle of the night was common, if not the norm, in western preindustrial cultures, according to Roger Ekirch, a professor of history who researched segmented (分段的) sleep. With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session. Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep. Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature. In his 1992 pioneering work on the subject, scientist Thomas Wehr observed that, after several weeks of being limited to a dark room for 14 hours per day, nearly all participants had changed into the sleep cycle. In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group. Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.” 12. Why did people in the past have a longer rest period? A. They had a free schedule. B. They lived a life without alarms. C. They followed natural laws. D. They formed a weak sense of time. 13. What do the underlined words “this behavior” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The return to sleep. B. The segmented sleep. C. Sleeping for several hours. D. Waking up at a certain time. 14. What is the role of wakefulness between sleep? A. Keeping the group safe. B. Controlling sleep periods. C. Increasing social connection. D. Strengthening sleep adaptability. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The recorded study on human sleep. B. The science behind segmented sleep. C. How segmented sleep benefits humans. D. How social factors influence sleep patterns. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类睡眠模式的变化，从过去以自然规律为主导的分段睡眠，到现代因电力和闹钟影响而形成的连续睡眠模式，同时探讨了社会因素对睡眠模式的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness.(在依循日出日落而非钟表与电灯安排作息的年代，人们往往更早就寝。他们的睡眠并非连续且完整的八小时睡眠，而是包含两段较短睡眠、中间伴有清醒时段的长时休息)”可知，过去的人有更长的休息时间是因为他们遵循自然规律。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep.(历史记录中包含着人类数百年来两个睡眠阶段的迹象。那时，人们会睡上几个小时，然后在午夜后的某个时刻醒来一个小时，然后再回到床上进行第二次睡眠)”和“Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature.(一些专家认为，这种行为可能仍然存在于我们的天性中)”可知，第三段主要介绍了人类历史上分段睡眠的现象，并指出一些专家认为这种行为可能仍然存在于我们的天性中。由此推知，this behavior指代的是上文说到的“分段睡眠”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group.(事实上，这些睡眠间歇的清醒时段甚至能起到守卫作用。某项研究显示，参与者每晚的觉醒时间各不相同，且通常不会出现全员同时沉睡的情况。从演化的视角来看，这种睡眠模式可能天然具备“警戒功能”——确保群体中始终有人保持警觉值守)”可知，睡眠之间的清醒状态的作用是保证群体的安全。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session.(在依循日出日落而非钟表与电灯安排作息的年代，人们往往更早就寝。他们的睡眠并非连续且完整的八小时睡眠，而是包含两段较短睡眠、中间伴有清醒时段的长时休息。但在当今时代，电力延长了清醒时光，闹钟截断了休息周期，多数人转而追求连续不间断的单次睡眠)”和最后一段“Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.”(由于睡眠受到环境与社会因素的双重影响，不同个体的睡眠模式可能存在显著差异。“我始终认为，并不存在某种统一的人类睡眠模式，”罗素·福斯特补充道，“适应力才是其最根本的特征。”)”可知，本文主要讨论了社会因素是如何影响人类睡眠模式的。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. ____16____. Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. ____17____. Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. ____18____. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). ____19____ . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. ____20____! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A. It’s important to be a good tourist B. Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C. The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E. The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F. Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G. One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了旅游业的利弊，重点讨论了游客不当行为带来的问题，并呼吁大家成为有礼貌、为他人着想的好游客。 【16题详解】 由上文“Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.(旅游业既有好的一面，也有坏的一面。是的，它为当地经济带来收入，为当地人创造了大量就业机会，但也可能带来一些问题。)”及下文“Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”.(游客们用石头，甚至钥匙在许多旅游景点上写字。成千上万的旅游景点正被那些“爱它们至死”的游客破坏。)”可知，本空应强调游客行为带来的一个具体问题。G选项“One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination(一个日益严重的问题是游客想要证明他们去过某个目的地)”是对下文游客破坏行为的一个原因概述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 由上文“If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love.(如果你想在这个世界上留下印记，那就用善良和爱去改变别人的生活。)”可知，本空应强调善良和爱的传承。D选项“Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction(把善良传递给后代，而不是破坏)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【18题详解】 由上文“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life.(在一些地方，另一个大问题就是游客打扰了当地人的生活。)”及下文“For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies.(例如，泰国的清迈大学和韩国的延世大学都有大量游客参观他们的校园，穿过他们的图书馆和其他公共区域，给学生拍照，打扰他们的学习。)”可知，本空应举例说明游客如何打扰当地人。F选项“Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission(一些游客未经允许就在周围走动，给当地人拍照)”是对下文游客打扰行为的一个具体例子，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由上文“Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想).(另一个例子是中国北京的三里屯。一些游客喜欢在那里玩到深夜，让当地人很难入睡。对于这样的游客，我有三个字：请为他人着想。)”可知，本空应强调游客在享受乐趣的同时也要考虑他人。B选项“Have fun in a way that does not disturb others(以不打扰别人的方式享受乐趣)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more.(游客带来的问题数不胜数：成群结队地行走而不考虑其他需要路过的人，过马路时不考虑当地的交通法规，等等。)”及下文“Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible.(尽可能成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客。)”可知，本空应强调解决问题的关键在于游客自身的行为。E选项“The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one(解决问题的唯一方法就是确保自己不是（造成问题）的那类人)”是对上文问题的总结，并引出下文对游客行为的期望，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the display (流露) of human ____35____ won the day. 21. A. finished B. followed C. changed D. designed 22. A. excuse B. chance C. trouble D. delay 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. competitor D. classmate 24. A. school B. race C. town D. training 25. A. stopped B. returned C. agreed D. promised 26. A. courage B. determination C. aid D. advice 27. A. went away B. bent down C. walked aside D. stood up 28. A. equal B. public C. positive D. medical 29. A. examined B. delivered C. recognized D. explored 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. frightened C. annoyed D. confused 32. A. game B. problem C. deal D. lesson 33. A. treat B. leave C. evacuate D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. kindness B. regard C. rescue D. strength 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述明尼苏达州越野赛跑中，梅兰妮·贝利为救助受伤的参赛选手丹妮尔·勒努瓦，背着她冲过终点线，两人从陌生人变为朋友，其善意之举打动人心的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮·贝利本应该比实际更早完成赛程。A. finished完成；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. designed设计。根据后文“because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line”可知，贝利因救助他人耽误了时间，原本能更早“完成”比赛。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延误是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过了终点线。A. excuse借口；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. delay延误。根据前文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did.”可知，贝利未能按时完成比赛，出现了“延误”符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延误是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过了终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. competitor参赛者；D. classmate同学。根据前文“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”和后文的“when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.”可知，贝利救助的是另一名“参赛者”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地报纸报道，贝利在比赛中跑过了三分之二以上的路程时，前面一名参赛者痛苦地哭了起来。A. school学校；B. race比赛；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据前文“cross-country race”可知，此处指在“比赛”过程中，前后语义一致。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的参赛同伴丹妮尔·勒努瓦。A. stopped停止；B. returned返回；C. agreed同意；D. promised承诺。根据后文“help her fellow runner”和“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，贝利为了救助他人“停止”了自己的比赛进程。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝利扶住她的胳膊，看她是否能在帮助下继续往前走。A. courage勇气；B. determination决心；C. aid帮助；D. advice建议。根据前文“As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____4____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.”可知，勒努瓦受伤痛苦，贝利想提供“帮助”让她继续前行。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：贝利随后弯下腰，让勒努瓦爬到她背上，然后一路背着她冲到终点线，又走了300英尺，直到勒努瓦能得到医疗救助的地方。A. went away离开；B. bent down弯腰；C. walked aside走到一边；D. stood up站起来。根据后文“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，要让他人爬到背上，需要先“弯腰”，符合动作逻辑。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贝利随后弯下腰，让勒努瓦爬到她背上，然后一路背着她冲到终点线，又走了300英尺，直到勒努瓦能得到医疗救助的地方。A. equal平等的；B. public公共的；C. positive积极的；D. medical医疗的。根据前文“a runner in front of her began crying in pain”和后文“taken to a hospital”可知，勒努瓦受伤需要“医疗”救助。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达那里后，勒努瓦接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. examined检查；B. delivered交付；C. recognized认出；D. explored探索。根据后文“and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.”可知，勒努瓦先在救助点接受了初步“检查”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有贝利的帮助，她要忍受极度的疼痛才能到达那个救助站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold寒冷；D. tiredness疲惫。根据前文“when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.”和“where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.”可知，勒努瓦受伤后会承受巨大“疼痛”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于贝利，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. frightened害怕的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，贝利觉得自己只是做了该做的事，对他人的过度关注感到“困惑”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于贝利，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. deal重要的事；D. lesson教训。根据前文“her act is considered a big”和后文媒体报道、他人关注可知，贝利的行为被外界视为“大事”，a big deal为固定短语，意为“一件大事”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她只是在哭。我不能丢下她，”贝利告诉记者。A. treat对待；B. leave丢下；C. evacuate撤离；D. understand理解。根据前文“Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____6____ .”以及贝利救助勒努瓦的行为可知，她不忍心“丢下”受伤哭泣的参赛者。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两位年轻女性在比赛之前是陌生人，但从那以后她们成了朋友。A. ride骑行；B. test测试；C. meet比赛；D. show展示。根据前文“the two young women were strangers”和后文“they’ve since become friends”可知，她们在比赛之前是陌生人。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但人性的善意赢得了这一天。A. kindness善意；B. regard尊重；C. rescue救援；D. strength力量。根据前文贝利救助受伤参赛者的行为可知，这体现了人性的“善意”，是此次事件中最珍贵的东西。故选A项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 CHINA TO THE RESCUE! The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. The team brings help and hope to those ____36____ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster. After long and careful training, the team went on ____37____ (it) first international rescue missions (任务) in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria (阿尔及利亚) and Iran (伊朗) . Since then, the CISAR ____38____ (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other ____39____ (supply) . They have to be able to do work that is ____40____ (challenge) under conditions that can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers often get to save lives ____41____ ruins, but they must also bury ____42____ dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind. ____43____ (compare) with ordinary people, rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life ____44____ (save) someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help ____45____ (need) . 【答案】36. whose 37. its 38. has completed 39. supplies 40. challenging 41. in 42. the 43. Compared 44. to save 45. is needed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国际搜救队（CISAR）的成立、任务及救援工作者的素质要求。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个团队为那些生活因风暴、洪水、地震或任何其他自然灾害而改变的人带来帮助和希望。此处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作定语，修饰lives，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：经过长时间和仔细的训练，这支队伍在2003年开始了它的第一次国际救援任务。此处修饰名词missions，用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填its。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：从那以后，中国国际搜救队完成了许多任务。complete“完成”。根据时间状语Since then可知，时态用现在完成时，主语the CISAR为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has completed。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：救援人员接受培训，以寻找人员、治疗伤员以及分发食物、水和其他物资。supply表示“物资，供应品”时，为可数名词，根据other可知，此处用名词复数形式，作hand out的宾语。故填supplies。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们必须能够在非常危险的情况下完成具有挑战性的工作。此处作表语，用形容词challenging“具有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：救援人员经常在废墟中救人，但他们也必须埋葬死者。表示“在废墟中”，用in ruins，in为介词。故填in。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。the+形容词表示“一类人”。the dead表示“死者”，用定冠词the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与普通人相比，救援人员也必须有宽广的胸怀。本句谓语为must have，此处为非谓语动词，作状语，compare“比较”与逻辑主语rescue workers构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Compared。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：冒着生命危险去救别人需要很多的爱和勇气。本句谓语为takes，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，所以用动词save“拯救”的不定式。故填to save。 【45题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国国际搜救队的成员两者兼备，随时准备前往任何需要帮助的地方。此处为从句谓语，此处表示一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语help与need构成被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语help为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is needed。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是校英文报编辑李华，收到一封来自国际部学生Confused Tom的来信。他在信中提到，进入高中后，由于科目增多对学习感到困惑。请给Confused Tom写一封信，内容包括： (1) 表达理解并安慰； (2) 提出建议。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Confused Tom, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Confused Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you’re feeling confused about your high school life. It’s common for students to feel this way because there are many new subjects to learn. So please don’t be too worried. Here is my advice for you. First, making a study plan for your week is very helpful. It tells you what to do and helps you use your time better. Second, find out your most difficult subject and spend a little more time on it. Also, never hesitate to ask your teachers or classmates for help. I’m sure that if you keep trying, you will see your progress soon. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求以校英文报编辑李华的身份安慰国际部学生Confused Tom，解答其高中科目增多带来的学习困惑并给出建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 困惑的：confused → puzzled 常见的：common → usual 困难的：difficult → challenging 进步：progress → improvement 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：First, making a study plan for your week is very helpful. It tells you what to do and helps you use your time better. 拓展句：First, making a study plan for your week is very helpful, which tells you what to do and helps you use your time better. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s common for students to feel this way because there are many new subjects to learn.（运用了because引导原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m sure that if you keep trying, you will see your progress soon.（运用了that引导宾语从句以及if引导的条件状语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a bitterly cold January day, I saw Bobby in my fourth-grade classroom for the first time. He was wearing worn-out shirt and jeans, obviously too small. One of his shoes was missing a lace, flopping (移动) up and down when he walked. He looked so disgusting that nobody would treat him as a normal child. Bobby’s behavior was strange, too. His normal tone of voice was a yell. He never made eye contact with anyone, and made his comments continuously during class. Besides, Bobby’s academic skills were non-existent. He couldn’t read or write, not even the letters of the alphabet. I thought Bobby should belong in a classroom that taught basic social skills. I checked his records and was shocked to learn that his IQ was normal. The school counselor (辅导顾问) told me that Bobby was a lot closer to normal than his mother was. He had been placed in Children’s Welfare Home for the first three years of his life before he was returned to his mother. They had moved to a different town at least once a year. Bobby’s intelligence was normal, so he would remain in my classroom. I hated it but had to accept his being in my class. I had never taught someone like Bobby before. It was a struggle to even plan lessons for him. I took pride in being a good teacher, and I was disgusted with myself for not liking him and not wanting him in my class. One day, Bobby came into the classroom with his shirt torn and his nose bloodied. He had been jumped on by a group of my students. Bobby sat down and opened his book, pretending nothing had happened. Blood and tears dropped onto the pages. I sent Bobby to the nurse and scolded (训斥，责骂) those students angrily. I yelled that they ought to be ashamed of themselves for not liking him just because he acted strangely. His being different was even more reason to treat him kindly. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 That incident changed how I felt about Bobby. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 That incident changed how I felt about Bobby. Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help, I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! I bought Bobby some nice clothes, with which he wouldn’t be teased any more. Thrilled and grateful, he marveled, “Thanks, Miss!” with glittering tears in his eyes like stars. A surge of being trusted wrapped me, and I offered to help him with his homework before school. It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention. Coming out of his shell, he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly, through which I found he really was a likeable child. I no longer dreaded going to work, and even looked forward to seeing him coming down the hallway in the morning. Afterwards, as my attitude toward him changed, so did the other students. They stopped picking on him and included him as a part of the group. Just give more attention and love. Every child deserves a chance to change. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Bobby 穿着破烂、行为怪异且成绩一塌糊涂，所以同学们都不喜欢他，连老师“我”也不情愿接收这样的学生。但是经查证后“我”发现 Bobby 其实是智力正常的孩子。有一天，Bobby 被一群学生欺负了，于是“我”把Bobby送到护士那里，愤怒地斥责那些学生，他们应该为不喜欢他而感到羞耻，正是因为他行为奇怪、与众不同，才更应善待他。经过这件事情后，“我”改变了对 Bobby 的成见，在学习和生活上关心帮助 Bobby，Bobby 由内到外变得更好，同学们也因此改变了对 Bobby 的看法，从此真正接受了他。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那件事改变了我对 Bobby 的看法”可知，第一段可描写作者对 Bobby 的看法发生了什么改变以及对此又采取了什么实际行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到 Bobby 因为新衣服和额外的关注而发生的变化是令人惊讶的”可知，第二段可描写Bobby 的变化，同学们的变化，以及主题升华。 2.续写线索：改变看法——提供帮助——激动感激——引起关注——表现良好——被当做团体一员 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：witness/see/spot ②嘲笑：tease/laugh at ③满足：meet/satisfy 情绪类 ①感谢的：grateful/thankful ②可爱的：likeable /adorable 【点睛】[高分句型1] Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help, I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Coming out of his shell, he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly, through which I found he really was a likeable child. (运用了介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $