内容正文:
沪教版 选必1 Unit 2 Making a difference.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
wave n. 海浪
名词复数:waves
wavy adj. 波浪状的
1. ride the waves(冲浪)2. sea waves(海浪)
The waves crashed against the shore loudly on stormy days.(暴风雨天,海浪大声撞击着海岸。)
2
victim n. 受害者;牺牲品
名词复数:victims
victimize vt. 使受害;欺骗
1. victim of(……的受害者)2. crime victim(犯罪受害者)
She was a victim of a sudden landslide in the mountain area.(她是山区突发滑坡的受害者。)
3
tide n. 潮汐;潮水
名词复数:tides
tidal adj. 潮汐的
1. high tide(涨潮)2. low tide(退潮)
The fishermen usually go out to sea at low tide.(渔民们通常在退潮时出海。)
4
overflow v. 漫出;溢出
过去式/过去分词:overflowed
overflowing adj. 溢出的;充满的
1. overflow with(充满)2. overflow from(从……溢出)
The river overflowed its banks after three days of heavy rain.(三天大雨后,河水漫过了河岸。)
5
mosquito n. 蚊子
名词复数:mosquitoes/mosquitos
无
1. mosquito net(蚊帐)2. anti-mosquito spray(驱蚊喷雾)
Mosquitoes are one of the main carriers of infectious diseases.(蚊子是传染病的主要传播媒介之一。)
6
fellow adj. 同伴的;同类的;同事的;n. 男人;家伙
形容词无比较级;名词复数:fellows
fellowship n. 友谊;团体
1. fellow students(同学)2. fellow worker(同事)
He and his fellow travelers shared stories during the journey.(他和同行的旅伴们在旅途中分享了故事。)
7
predict v. 预言;预告
过去式/过去分词:predicted
prediction n. 预测;predictable adj. 可预测的
1. predict the future(预测未来)2. predict a result(预测结果)
No one could predict the sudden change of the weather.(没人能预测到天气的突然变化。)
8
distant adj. 遥远的
比较级:more distant;最高级:most distant
distance n. 距离;distant adv. 遥远地
1. distant relative(远亲)2. distant land(遥远的地方)
We caught a glimpse of a distant castle through the mist.(我们透过薄雾瞥见了一座遥远的城堡。)
9
shelter n. 居所;住处
名词复数:shelters
shelter vt. 庇护;躲避
1. take shelter(躲避)2. emergency shelter(应急避难所)
The government built temporary shelters for the flood victims.(政府为洪灾受害者搭建了临时住所。)
10
nominate v. 提名;推荐
过去式/过去分词:nominated
nomination n. 提名;任命
1. nominate sb. for(提名某人担任)2. nominate as(提名作为)
She was nominated for the Best Singer Award at the music festival.(她被提名音乐节最佳歌手奖。)
11
anger n. 怒火
不可数名词
angry adj. 生气的;angrily adv. 生气地
1. burst with anger(勃然大怒)2. control anger(控制怒火)
His words filled her with anger and disappointment.(他的话让她充满了愤怒和失望。)
12
frustration n. 懊恼;沮丧;受挫
不可数名词
frustrate vt. 使沮丧;frustrated adj. 沮丧的
1. feel frustration(感到沮丧)2. frustration at(对……的懊恼)
She couldn’t hide her frustration after failing the exam again.(再次考试失利后,她无法掩饰自己的沮丧。)
13
preserve v. 保护;保存
过去式/过去分词:preserved
preservation n. 保护;preservative n. 防腐剂
1. preserve culture(保护文化)2. preserve food(保存食物)
We must preserve historical buildings for future generations.(我们必须为后代保护历史建筑。)
14
ancestor n. 祖宗;祖先
名词复数:ancestors
ancestral adj. 祖先的;祖传的
1. ancestral home(祖籍)2. distant ancestor(远祖)
My ancestors moved to this village over 200 years ago.(我的祖先200多年前搬到了这个村庄。)
15
threaten v. 危及;对……构成威胁;威胁;恐吓
过去式/过去分词:threatened
threat n. 威胁;threatening adj. 威胁性的
1. threaten to do(威胁要做)2. threaten safety(危及安全)
Pollution threatens the survival of many marine species.(污染危及许多海洋物种的生存。)
16
folk adj. 传统民间的;民俗的;n. 人们
形容词无比较级;名词复数:folks
folklore n. 民间传说;folk music(民间音乐)
1. folk culture(民俗文化)2. local folks(当地人)
Folk art is an important part of a nation’s culture.(民间艺术是一个国家文化的重要组成部分。)
17
forever adv. 永远
无比较级/最高级
无
1. forever and ever(永远)2. love forever(永远相爱)
She promised to remember him forever.(她承诺会永远记住他。)
18
inform v. 通知;通告
过去式/过去分词:informed
information n. 信息;informative adj. 提供信息的
1. inform sb. of(通知某人……)2. inform about(告知关于)
The company informed employees of the new rules.(公司向员工告知了新规定。)
19
nevertheless adv. 尽管如此;然而
无比较级/最高级
无
1. nevertheless + 句子(尽管如此……)2. but nevertheless(但尽管如此)
The task was difficult; nevertheless, we finished it on time.(任务很困难,但尽管如此,我们还是按时完成了。)
20
native adj. 本地的;当地的;出生地的
无比较级/最高级
native n. 本地人;native land(故乡)
1. native language(母语)2. native plant(本地植物)
She is a native of Beijing and knows the city well.(她是北京本地人,非常了解这座城市。)
21
landscape n. (陆上,尤指乡村的)风景,景色
名词复数:landscapes
landscape vt. 美化景观;landscaping n. 景观美化
1. natural landscape(自然景观)2. rural landscape(乡村风景)
The mountain village has a beautiful landscape all year round.(这个山村一年四季都有美丽的风景。)
22
visual adj. 视力的;视觉的
无比较级/最高级
vision n. 视力;视觉;visualize vt. 想象
1. visual effect(视觉效果)2. visual ability(视力)
The film’s visual effects won wide praise from audiences.(这部电影的视觉效果赢得了观众的广泛好评。)
23
antique n. 文物;古董
名词复数:antiques
antique adj. 古老的;antiquity n. 古代
1. antique furniture(古董家具)2. collect antiques(收藏古董)
This antique vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty.(这个古董花瓶可以追溯到明朝。)
24
pub n. 酒吧;酒馆
名词复数:pubs
无
1. local pub(当地酒吧)2. go to the pub(去酒吧)
They often meet at the pub near the office after work.(他们下班后经常在办公室附近的酒吧见面。)
25
rural adj. 乡村的;农村的
无比较级/最高级
rural area(农村地区);rural life(乡村生活)
1. rural development(农村发展)2. rural community(乡村社区)
More young people are choosing to work in rural areas.(越来越多的年轻人选择到农村地区工作。)
26
urban adj. 城市的;都市的
无比较级/最高级
urbanize vt. 使城市化;urbanization n. 城市化
1. urban area(城市地区)2. urban planning(城市规划)
Urban population is growing rapidly in many countries.(许多国家的城市人口正在快速增长。)
27
plain adj. 朴素的;简单的
比较级:plainer;最高级:plainest
plainly adv. 清楚地;朴素地
1. plain clothes(便服)2. plain food(清淡的食物)
She likes to wear plain dresses for daily life.(她日常生活中喜欢穿朴素的连衣裙。)
28
responsibility n. 责任;负责
名词复数:responsibilities
responsible adj. 负责任的;responsibly adv. 负责任地
1. take responsibility(承担责任)2. family responsibility(家庭责任)
Everyone should take responsibility for their own actions.(每个人都应该为自己的行为负责。)
29
varied adj. 各种各样的;形形色色的
比较级:more varied;最高级:most varied
vary vt. 改变;variety n. 多样性
1. varied interests(多样的兴趣)2. varied experiences(丰富的经历)
She has a varied work schedule that keeps her busy.(她的工作安排多样,让她一直很忙碌。)
30
tune n. 曲调;曲子
名词复数:tunes
tune vt. 调音;tuneful adj. 悦耳的
1. beautiful tune(优美的曲调)2. hum a tune(哼曲子)
I can’t get that lovely tune out of my head.(那首动听的曲子一直在我脑海里萦绕。)
31
bride n. 新娘;即将(或刚刚)结婚的女子
名词复数:brides
bridal adj. 新娘的;bridal dress(婚纱)
The bride looked beautiful in her white wedding dress.(新娘穿着白色婚纱,看上去很美。)
32
bridegroom n. 新郎;即将(或刚刚)结婚的男子
名词复数:bridegrooms
无
1. the bride and bridegroom(新郎新娘)2. young bridegroom(年轻新郎)
The bridegroom waited nervously for his bride at the church.(新郎在教堂紧张地等待着他的新娘。)
33
bless v. 享有(幸福等);赋有(能力等)
过去式/过去分词:blessed
blessing n. 祝福;blessed adj. 有福的
1. be blessed with(享有……)2. bless sb.(祝福某人)
She is blessed with a happy family and a good job.(她享有幸福的家庭和一份好工作。)
34
calligraphy n. 书法
不可数名词
calligraphic adj. 书法的;calligrapher n. 书法家
1. Chinese calligraphy(中国书法)2. practice calligraphy(练习书法)
He has been practicing calligraphy since he was a child.(他从小就开始练习书法。)
35
structure n. 结构;构造
名词复数:structures
structural adj. 结构的;structure vt. 构建
1. family structure(家庭结构)2. building structure(建筑结构)
The structure of this article is clear and logical.(这篇文章的结构清晰且有条理。)
36
precise adj. 准确的;精确的
比较级:more precise;最高级:most precise
precisely adv. 精确地;precision n. 精确性
1. precise data(精确数据)2. precise time(准确时间)
You need to give a precise answer to the question.(你需要给这个问题一个准确的答案。)
37
advocate /ˈædvəkət/ n. 支持者;/ˈædvəkeɪt/ v. 拥护;支持;提倡
动词过去式/过去分词:advocated;名词复数:advocates
advocacy n. 倡导;拥护
1. advocate for(支持……)2. environmental advocate(环保支持者)
She advocates for equal rights for all people.(她倡导所有人享有平等权利。)
38
recycle v. 回收利用
过去式/过去分词:recycled
recycling n. 回收利用;recyclable adj. 可回收的
1. recycle paper(回收纸张)2. recycle waste(回收废物)
We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment.(我们应该回收塑料瓶以保护环境。)
39
bin n. 垃圾箱
名词复数:bins
无
1. rubbish bin(垃圾桶)2. recycling bin(回收箱)
Please throw the waste into the nearby bin.(请把垃圾扔进附近的垃圾桶。)
40
widespread adj. 分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
比较级:more widespread;最高级:most widespread
无
1. widespread concern(广泛关注)2. widespread use(广泛使用)
There is widespread support for the new policy.(新政策得到了广泛支持。)
41
intention n. 打算;计划;意图;目的
名词复数:intentions
intend vt. 打算;intent adj. 故意的
1. good intention(善意)2. with the intention of(怀着……的意图)
He had no intention of hurting your feelings.(他无意伤害你的感情。)
42
energy-efficient adj. 节能的
无比较级/最高级
无
1. energy-efficient appliances(节能电器)2. energy-efficient building(节能建筑)
We bought energy-efficient air conditioners to save electricity.(我们买了节能空调来省电。)
43
appointment n. 约会;预约;约定
名词复数:appointments
appoint vt. 任命;预约
1. make an appointment(预约)2. doctor’s appointment(看医生的预约)
I have an appointment with my dentist tomorrow morning.(我明天早上和牙医有预约。)
44
dentist n. 牙科医生
名词复数:dentists
dental adj. 牙科的;dental care(牙科护理)
1. visit the dentist(看牙医)2. family dentist(家庭牙医)
You should go to the dentist every six months for a check-up.(你应该每六个月去看一次牙医做检查。)
45
skip v. 跳绳;跳过
过去式/过去分词:skipped
无
1. skip rope(跳绳)2. skip a class(逃课)
Children like to skip rope during breaks at school.(孩子们在学校课间喜欢跳绳。)
46
contest /ˈkɒntest/ n. 比赛;竞赛
名词复数:contests
contestant n. 参赛者;contest vt. 争夺
1. singing contest(歌唱比赛)2. win a contest(赢得比赛)
She won first prize in the school English contest.(她在学校英语比赛中获得了一等奖。)
47
barbecue n. 户外烧烤
名词复数:barbecues
barbecue vt. 烧烤
1. have a barbecue(举行户外烧烤)2. barbecue party(烧烤派对)
We are going to have a barbecue in the park this weekend.(我们这个周末要去公园举行户外烧烤。)
48
garbage n. (生活)垃圾;废物
不可数名词
garbage can(垃圾桶);garbage collector(垃圾收集工)
1. throw away garbage(扔垃圾)2. garbage sorting(垃圾分类)
Garbage sorting is important for environmental protection.(垃圾分类对环境保护很重要。)
49
ban v. 明令禁止;取缔;n. 禁令
动词过去式/过去分词:banned;名词复数:bans
banned adj. 被禁止的
1. ban smoking(禁止吸烟)2. lift a ban(解除禁令)
The government banned the use of plastic bags in supermarkets.(政府禁止超市使用塑料袋。)
50
access n. (使用或见到的)机会,权利;通道;入径
不可数名词
accessible adj. 可接近的;access vt. 接近
1. access to(使用……的机会)2. internet access(互联网接入)
All students have access to the school library.(所有学生都可以使用学校图书馆。)
51
dormitory n. 集体宿舍
名词复数:dormitories
dorm n. 宿舍(口语)
1. school dormitory(学校宿舍)2. share a dormitory(共住宿舍)
She lives in a dormitory with three other classmates.(她和另外三名同学住一间宿舍。)
52
perspective n. 态度;观点;思考方法
名词复数:perspectives
无
1. different perspectives(不同观点)2. from a new perspective(从新的角度)
We should look at the problem from different perspectives.(我们应该从不同的角度看待这个问题。)
53
defend v. 保护;防御
过去式/过去分词:defended
defense n. 防御;defensive adj. 防御性的
1. defend oneself(自卫)2. defend the country(保卫国家)
Soldiers are ready to defend their motherland at any time.(士兵们随时准备保卫祖国。)
54
violence n. 暴力;暴行
不可数名词
violent adj. 暴力的;violently adv. 暴力地
1. domestic violence(家庭暴力)2. against violence(反对暴力)
We should say no to all forms of violence.(我们应该反对一切形式的暴力。)
55
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ v. 参加运动;n. 运动
动词过去式/过去分词:campaigned;名词复数:campaigns
无
1. environmental campaign(环保运动)2. campaign for(为……发起运动)
They are campaigning for better public transportation.(他们正在为改善公共交通发起运动。)
56
conserve v. 节省;节约
过去式/过去分词:conserved
conservation n. 保护;节约
1. conserve energy(节约能源)2. conserve water(节约用水)
We must conserve natural resources for future generations.(我们必须为后代节约自然资源。)
57
habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境;栖息地
名词复数:habitats
habitable adj. 宜居的
1. natural habitat(自然栖息地)2. protect habitats(保护栖息地)
Deforestation is destroying the habitats of many animals.(森林砍伐正在破坏许多动物的栖息地。)
58
essay n. 文章;论说文
名词复数:essays
essayist n. 散文家
1. argumentative essay(议论文)2. write an essay(写文章)
He spent three hours writing an essay on environmental protection.(他花了三个小时写一篇关于环境保护的文章。)
59
convinced adj. 坚信的;深信的;确信的
比较级:more convinced;最高级:most convinced
convince vt. 说服;convincing adj. 有说服力的
1. be convinced of(坚信……)2. be convinced that(确信……)
I am convinced that he will keep his promise.(我坚信他会遵守承诺。)
60
opposing adj. 相反的;极不相同的
无比较级/最高级
oppose vt. 反对;opposition n. 反对
1. opposing views(相反的观点)2. opposing team(对方球队)
The two sides have opposing opinions on this issue.(双方在这个问题上有相反的观点。)
61
marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
名词复数:marathons
marathoner n. 马拉松运动员
1. run a marathon(跑马拉松)2. full marathon(全程马拉松)
He trained hard for months to finish the marathon.(他训练了几个月,只为完成马拉松比赛。)
62
sponsor /ˈspɒnsə(r)/ n. 赞助者;赞助商;v. 赞助
动词过去式/过去分词:sponsored;名词复数:sponsors
sponsorship n. 赞助
1. corporate sponsor(企业赞助商)2. sponsor an event(赞助活动)
A local company sponsored the school sports meeting.(一家当地公司赞助了学校运动会。)
63
enthusiasm n. 热情;热心
不可数名词
enthusiastic adj. 热情的;enthusiastically adv. 热情地
1. enthusiasm for(对……的热情)2. full of enthusiasm(充满热情)
She has great enthusiasm for painting and music.(她对绘画和音乐有极大的热情。)
64
rewarding adj. 值得做的
比较级:more rewarding;最高级:most rewarding
reward n. 奖励;reward vt. 奖励
1. rewarding job(有意义的工作)2. rewarding experience(有益的经历)
Volunteering in the community is a rewarding experience.(在社区做志愿者是一次有益的经历。)
65
transform v. 使改观;使改变形态
过去式/过去分词:transformed
transformation n. 转变;transformative adj. 变革性的
1. transform into(转变为)2. transform the city(改变城市面貌)
The old factory has been transformed into a modern art center.(这座旧工厂已被改造成现代艺术中心。)
66
stretch v. 伸展;拉长;撑大
过去式/过去分词:stretched
stretchy adj. 有弹性的;stretch n. 伸展
1. stretch one’s legs(伸腿)2. stretch the truth(夸大事实)
She stretched her arms and yawned after a long nap.(小睡了很久后,她伸了伸胳膊打了个哈欠。)
67
involve v. 加入;牵涉到
过去式/过去分词:involved
involved adj. 参与的;involvement n. 参与
1. involve in(参与)2. involve sb. in(让某人参与)
Everyone is encouraged to involve in the school activities.(鼓励每个人参与学校活动。)
68
palm tree 棕榈树
名词复数:palm trees
无
1. a row of palm trees(一排棕榈树)2. tropical palm tree(热带棕榈树)
Palm trees are commonly seen in coastal areas.(棕榈树在沿海地区很常见。)
69
crystal clear 清澈透明的;晶莹的
无词形变化
无
1. crystal clear water(清澈透明的水)2. crystal clear sky(晴朗的天空)
The lake in the mountain is crystal clear and clean.(山里的湖水清澈透明,十分干净。)
70
coconut milk 椰奶
无词形变化
无
1. coconut milk curry(椰奶咖喱)2. fresh coconut milk(新鲜椰奶)
She used fresh coconut milk to make the dessert.(她用新鲜椰奶做了这道甜点。)
71
the human face of (某主题、话题等的)标志性人物
无词形变化
无
1. the human face of charity(慈善事业的标志性人物)2. the human face of environmentalism(环保主义的标志性人物)
She became the human face of the campaign against hunger.(她成了反饥饿运动的标志性人物。)
72
weather forecast 天气预报
名词复数:weather forecasts
无
1. listen to the weather forecast(听天气预报)2. accurate weather forecast(准确的天气预报)
The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.(天气预报说明天会下雨。)
73
relay race 接力赛
名词复数:relay races
无
1. 4×100m relay race(4×100米接力赛)2. win the relay race(赢得接力赛)
Our class won the relay race at the school sports meeting.(我们班在学校运动会上赢得了接力赛。)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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