Unit 1 Art Discovering useful structures 动词不定式做表语 课件 -2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 1 Art 动词不定式作表语 1 关于动词的那些事（思维导图） 动词 谓语 非谓语 done doing to do 具有动词的特征 具有名词的特征 具有形容词的特征 具有副词的特征 主语单复数，时态，语态 非谓语不能单独作谓语， 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补。 表语 Lead in 1.As I play games all day, my eyesight gets worse and worse. 2.Subsequently, I become an influential person. 3.What I like is investing. 4.The good news was that she passed the exam. 5.The best way to understand it is to look at the development. 什么可以用作表语？ 上述句子的句子结构都为： ； 划线部分在句子中充当的句子成分为： 。 Q:Observe the following sentences and answer the questions. 主+系+表(SVP) 表语(predicative) adj.短语 n.短语 v.-ing that从句 to do 不定式 【P5 activity 1】Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3. Perhaps the best _____ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. During the Middle Ages, the _______ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. In this work, Monet’s ____ was to convey the light and movement in the scene ... ___________________________ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?” way purpose aim What they attempted to do 动词不定式 在句中作表语 1. 结构 动词不定式可以放在 be和 become, sound, taste 等__________后 面作表语，由“to +动词原形”构成， 说明或解释主语的内容，也可表示将来的动作。 2. 基本形式 系动词 Observe and Discover 动词不定式 类别 主动形式 含义 一般式 被动式 完成式 进行式 to be done to have done to be doing 非谓语v发生在谓语v之前 非谓语v和谓语v 同时进行 to do 主动 被动 动词不定式作表语 Tip 1：主语是以 __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________等表示意向、打算、计划的抽象名词为中心的名词词组时，或者以_____________________表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。 problem, reason, risk, task, wish, aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, purpose, way 动词不定式 difficulty, experience, job, method, principle what引导的名词性从句 His dream is ____________(become) an astronaut. What I will do next is _______(get) enough money to buy a car. to become to get 动词不定式作表语 Tip 1：主语是以 __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________等表示意向、打算、计划的抽象名词为中心的名词词组时，或者以_____________________表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。 problem, reason, risk, task, wish, aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, purpose, way 动词不定式 difficulty, experience, job, method, principle what引导的名词性从句 有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括 what, who, how, when, where 等。 例如：问题是如何开始。 The problem was how to begin. Tip 2： 某些动词不定式(短语)作表语时，需用主动形式表示__________。 3.He is _____________ (blame) for the fire. 他应为这场大火承担责任. 4.The house is _________(let). 此房出租。 to blame to let 被动意义 动词不定式 8 Tip 3：当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。 5. All he wanted was ____________(leave) alone. 他只想一个人待着。 6. The least I can do to help is ___________(lend) her a car. 我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。 to be left to lend all only, first, one, least 最高级 动词不定式 Tip 4： 当表语表示“___________________________________________”等时,可用动词不定式作表语。 7. You must be patient and persistent if you are ___________(success). 如果你想成功，你必须有耐心和恒心。(愿望) 8. You are _________(have) a face-to-face talk with them. (劝告) 你必须得和他们进行一次面对面的谈话。 to succeed to have 同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、禁止 动词不定式 Tip 5： 动词不定式作表语可用于被动语态，相当于 _____________ ______________________，具有情态意义。 9. The regulations are __________________. = The regulations must be observed. 10. You are _______________. = You should be rewarded. to be observed to be rewarded can / could, 动词不定式 should, ought to, must be to be done= can/could/should be done. 动词不定式和v-ing作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致， 即若句子的主语为v-ing，则表语也应使用v-ing；若主语为动词不定式，则表语也应使用动词不定式。 To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 动词不定式作表语和v-ing作表语的区别 动词不定式和v-ing作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外: 当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为时，通常用动词不定式作表语。 Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice. 若动词所表达的是一般性抽象的经常发生的动作，则通常用v-ing作表语。 My favorite sport is swimming. What I hate most is being laughed at. 动词不定式作表语省略to的情况 Observe and Discover 3. 晚上他做过的唯一的事是读报纸。 All we need to do is live each day with hope. What they attempted to do was draw public attention. In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper. 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主句主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，可省略不定式符号to: 1. 我们需要做的就是怀有希望过好每一天。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他们试图做的是引起公众关注。 ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 前有do, 后省to This year, his plan is _______ (make) some changes in the teaching method. What I suggest is _______ (start) work at once. One of her hobbies is _________ (collect) stamps. I think it is your brother who is _______ (blame) for the accident. The students trust her very much; as a result, her advice is __________ (influence) their decisions. to make to start collecting to blame 即学即练 Practice and Apply to influence 【实战演练】导学案P132 1.Now your first important task is ________(take) good care of the wounded soldiers. to take 2.When I saw him at that moment, he seemed ______________ (read) a novel. 3.What the boys' parents told them just now was not________ (play) in the street. It was too dangerous. 4.Something proved ______________ (go) wrong with that engine. 5.The purpose of developing new technologies is _________ (make) life easier. to be reading to play to have gone to make 语 法 归 纳 15 6.What we need to do at this critical moment is _________ (stay) at home and not meet people face-to-face. 7.The duty of soldiers is ___________ (defend) their motherland. 8.Whether to participate in that competition remains ________________ (discuss) and decided. 9.There is a famous saying, “To see is ___________ (believe).” 10.All the members in that family seem ______________ (be) ill already. (to) stay to defend to be discussed to believe to have been 语 法 归 纳 16 Ⅱ语法与写作 1.His dream is _________________________________________. 他的梦想是有一天能成为一名伟大的足球运动员。 to become a great football player one day 2.Li Hua seemed ______________________ before he came here. 李华似乎在来这儿之前就已经感冒了。 to have caught a cold 3.Her plan _________________ sooner or later. 她的计划迟早是要失败的。 is to be a failure 语 法 归 纳 17 4.The goal of this activity is _________________________________ ______. 这个活动的目的是满足普通人的需求。 to meet the needs of common people 5.Her work is ______________________________ in the rest home every day. 她的工作是每天为养老院的老人清扫房间。 to clean the rooms for the old 语 法 归 纳 18 Ⅲ语篇填空 Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head towards the computer. Now, most people reach for 1.___________(keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting 2.___(be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also 3._____ old-fashioned fountain pens. keyboards is with 语 法 归 纳 19 Fountain pens 4.___________(use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer 5._______(simple) throws an empty pen away and gets 6.___new one. So far, Mr Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the 7._____________(improve) he sees in his students' writing 8._____in his own writing. were used simply a improvement and 语 法 归 纳 20 He knows that computers are here 9.________(stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of 10.___________ (they). to stay themselves 语 法 归 纳 THANK YOU 22 $