Unit 2 Out of this world词汇同步笔记讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册

2025-11-14
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摘要:

本高中英语讲义聚焦译林版选必3 Unit 2“Out of this world”主题词汇,系统梳理53个核心词汇及短语,涵盖名词(如astronaut, gravity)、动词(如float, occupy)、形容词(如vital, crucial)等,通过词形变化、派生词及核心考点构建连贯学习支架,助力学生夯实单元语言基础。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心,通过派生词拓展(如astronaut衍生astronomy)、核心考点搭配例句(如gravity的“law of gravity”结合实例)提升思维品质,结构清晰便于课中教师结合语境教学,课后学生可自主查阅派生词和例句,有效查漏补缺,强化词汇应用能力。

内容正文:

译林版 选必3 Unit 2 Out of this world.词汇同步笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 astronaut n. 宇航员,航天员 复数:astronauts astronautic adj. 太空航行的;astronomy n. 天文学 1. space astronaut(太空宇航员)2. astronaut training(宇航员训练) The astronaut spent six months on the space station.(这位宇航员在空间站待了六个月。) 2 gravity n. 重力;严重性;严肃 不可数 grave adj. 严重的;gravitational adj. 重力的 1. law of gravity(万有引力定律)2. gravity of the situation(情况的严重性) Gravity keeps us from floating off the Earth.(重力让我们不会飘离地球。) 3 absence n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席 不可数 absent adj. 缺席的;absently adv. 心不在焉地 1. absence of mind(心不在焉)2. in the absence of(在……缺席时) Her absence from the meeting was due to illness.(她因病缺席了会议。) 4 float vi. 飘动,漂流;浮;vt. 使浮动,使漂流 过去式/过去分词:floated floating adj. 浮动的;漂浮的 1. float on water(浮在水面上)2. float in the air(在空中飘动) Leaves float on the surface of the lake in autumn.(秋天树叶漂浮在湖面。) 5 cupboard n. 壁橱;橱柜,衣柜 复数:cupboards 无 1. kitchen cupboard(厨房橱柜)2. food cupboard(食品柜) She stored the dishes in the wooden cupboard.(她把餐具存放在木质橱柜里。) 6 ceiling n. 天花板;上限 复数:ceilings 无 1. low ceiling(低矮的天花板)2. price ceiling(价格上限) The light fixture is mounted on the ceiling.(灯具安装在天花板上。) 7 bother vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰;vi. 花费时间精力(做某事);n. 麻烦,困难 过去式/过去分词:bothered;复数:bothers bothersome adj. 烦人的 1. bother sb. with sth.(用某事打扰某人)2. not bother to do(懒得做) Don’t bother him; he’s busy with his work.(别打扰他,他正忙于工作。) 8 occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于 过去式/过去分词:occupied occupation n. 职业;占领;occupant n. 居住者 1. occupy time(占用时间)2. be occupied with(忙于……) The old building has been occupied by a new company.(这座老建筑已被一家新公司占用。) 9 mission n. 任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务 复数:missions missionary adj. 传教的;n. 传教士 1. space mission(太空任务)2. fulfill a mission(完成使命) The team successfully completed their rescue mission.(这支队伍成功完成了救援任务。) 10 evaluate vt. 评估,估计,评价 过去式/过去分词:evaluated evaluation n. 评估;evaluative adj. 评价性的 1. evaluate sth.(评估某物)2. evaluate the effect(评估效果) The teacher evaluated our performance carefully.(老师仔细评估了我们的表现。) 11 creature n. 动物,生物;人 复数:creatures create vt. 创造;creative adj. 创造性的 1. living creature(生物)2. sea creature(海洋生物) Dolphins are intelligent marine creatures.(海豚是聪明的海洋生物。) 12 mosquito n. (pl. mosquitoes or mosquitos) 蚊子 复数:mosquitoes/mosquitos mosquito net(蚊帐) 1. mosquito bite(蚊子叮咬)2. kill mosquitoes(灭蚊) We put up a mosquito net to keep the insects away.(我们挂起蚊帐防蚊虫。) 13 microscope n. 显微镜 复数:microscopes microscopic adj. 微观的;显微镜的 1. optical microscope(光学显微镜)2. use a microscope(使用显微镜) Scientists observe cells through a microscope.(科学家通过显微镜观察细胞。) 14 cast new light on 使进一步了解… 无词形变化 无 1. cast new light on history(让历史更清晰)2. cast new light on the problem(为问题提供新线索) The new discovery cast new light on the ancient civilization.(这项新发现让人们对古文明有了进一步了解。) 15 maintenance n. 维护,保养;维持,保持 不可数 maintain vt. 维持;保养;maintainable adj. 可维持的 1. car maintenance(汽车保养)2. maintenance of peace(和平的维持) Regular maintenance can extend the machine’s lifespan.(定期保养能延长机器的使用寿命。) 16 circumstance n. 条件,状况;(circumstances)境况,(尤指)经济状况 复数:circumstances circumstantial adj. 间接的;环境的 1. difficult circumstances(困境)2. under no circumstances(无论如何不) We should adapt to changing circumstances.(我们应该适应变化的环境。) 17 in the circumstances 在这种情况下,既然如此 无词形变化 无 1. in the circumstances, we have to(在这种情况下,我们不得不) In the circumstances, it’s better to postpone the meeting.(既然如此,会议最好延期。) 18 exposure n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道 不可数 expose vt. 暴露;揭露;exposed adj. 暴露的 1. exposure to danger(面临危险)2. media exposure(媒体报道) Long-term exposure to sunlight is harmful to the skin.(长期暴露在阳光下对皮肤有害。) 19 radiation n. 辐射,放射线 不可数 radioactive adj. 放射性的;radiate vt. 辐射 1. nuclear radiation(核辐射)2. radiation protection(辐射防护) Workers in the nuclear plant wear special clothes to avoid radiation.(核电站的工作人员穿特制服装防辐射。) 20 visible adj. 看得见的;明显的 比较级:more visible;最高级:most visible visibility n. 能见度;visible adj. 可见的 1. visible to the eye(肉眼可见的)2. visible change(明显变化) The stars are visible only on clear nights.(只有在晴朗的夜晚才能看到星星。) 21 in view of 鉴于,考虑到 无词形变化 无 1. in view of the fact(鉴于事实)2. in view of safety(考虑到安全) In view of his illness, he was allowed to rest.(鉴于他生病了,他被允许休息。) 22 luxury n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受);奢侈品 复数:luxuries luxurious adj. 奢侈的;豪华的 1. luxury goods(奢侈品)2. live in luxury(过奢侈的生活) For many people, traveling abroad is a luxury.(对很多人来说,出国旅行是一种难得的享受。) 23 tube n. 管,管子;软管;(英)地铁 复数:tubes tubular adj. 管状的 1. plastic tube(塑料管)2. toothpaste tube(牙膏管) He used a glass tube to transfer the liquid.(他用玻璃管转移液体。) 24 furthermore adv. 此外,再者 无比较级/最高级 无 1. furthermore, + 句子(此外……)2. besides, furthermore(此外,再者) The task is difficult; furthermore, we have no enough time.(这项任务很难,此外,我们时间也不够。) 25 pill n. 药丸,药片 复数:pills pillbox n. 药盒;pillow n. 枕头(无关,不列入) 1. sleeping pill(安眠药)2. take a pill(吃药片) The doctor advised her to take one pill after meals.(医生建议她饭后吃一片药。) 26 vital adj. 必不可少的,对…极重要的;维持生命所必需的 无比较级/最高级 vitality n. 生命力;vitalize vt. 使有活力 1. be vital to(对……至关重要)2. vital energy(生命力) Water is vital to all living things.(水对所有生物都至关重要。) 27 discipline vt. 严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练;n. 训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力 过去式/过去分词:disciplined;复数:disciplines disciplined adj. 守纪律的;disciplinary adj. 纪律的 1. discipline oneself(自律)2. military discipline(军纪) Parents should discipline their children properly.(父母应该正确管教孩子。) 28 leisure n. 闲暇,空闲 不可数 leisurely adj. 悠闲的;leisurely adv. 悠闲地 1. in one’s leisure time(在闲暇时间)2. leisure activities(休闲活动) She likes reading in her leisure time.(她喜欢在闲暇时间读书。) 29 crew n. 全体工作人员;全体乘务人员,全体船员;专业团队 集合(单复数同形) crewmember n. 机组人员;船员 1. flight crew(机组人员)2. film crew(电影摄制组) The crew worked hard to ensure the safety of the passengers.(机组人员努力保障乘客的安全。) 30 permanent adj. 永久的,永恒的 比较级:more permanent;最高级:most permanent permanently adv. 永久地;permanence n. 永久性 1. permanent job(固定工作)2. permanent residence(永久居留权) They moved into a permanent home after years of renting.(租了几年房后,他们搬进了自己的永久性住房。) 31 altogether adv. 完全,总共;总之 无比较级/最高级 无 1. altogether different(完全不同)2. altogether 10 people(总共10人) The plan is altogether impractical.(这个计划完全不切实际。) 32 kit n. 成套设备,成套工具;配套元件 复数:kits 无 1. first-aid kit(急救包)2. tool kit(工具箱) The camping kit includes a tent and a sleeping bag.(这套露营装备包括帐篷和睡袋。) 33 telescope n. 望远镜 复数:telescopes telescopic adj. 望远镜的;伸缩的 1. astronomical telescope(天文望远镜)2. look through a telescope(通过望远镜观察) He bought a telescope to watch the stars.(他买了一架望远镜用来观星。) 34 universe n. (the universe) 宇宙,天地万物 不可数 universal adj. 普遍的;宇宙的;universally adv. 普遍地 1. the entire universe(整个宇宙)2. explore the universe(探索宇宙) Scientists are trying to understand how the universe began.(科学家们正试图了解宇宙的起源。) 35 crucial adj. 至关重要的,关键性的 无比较级/最高级 crucially adv. 关键地 1. be crucial to(对……至关重要)2. crucial moment(关键时刻) Good communication is crucial to the success of the project.(良好的沟通对项目的成功至关重要。) 36 orbit vi. & vt. 围绕…运动,沿轨道运行;n.(天体等运行的)轨道 过去式/过去分词:orbited;复数:orbits orbital adj. 轨道的 1. orbit the Earth(绕地球运行)2. in orbit(在轨道上) The satellite orbits the Earth every 90 minutes.(这颗卫星每90分钟绕地球一周。) 37 astronomer n. 天文学家 复数:astronomers astronomy n. 天文学;astronomical adj. 天文的 1. famous astronomer(著名天文学家)2. professional astronomer(专业天文学家) The astronomer discovered a new planet through the telescope.(这位天文学家通过望远镜发现了一颗新行星。) 38 merely adv. 仅仅,只不过 无比较级/最高级 无 1. merely a joke(只不过是个玩笑)2. merely 10 years old(只有10岁) He is merely a student, not a teacher.(他仅仅是个学生,不是老师。) 39 administration n. 行政部门;管理,行政 复数:administrations administer vt. 管理;实施;administrative adj. 行政的 1. school administration(学校行政部门)2. public administration(公共行政) The administration is responsible for school affairs.(行政部门负责学校事务。) 40 agency n. 机构;代理处 复数:agencies agent n. 代理人;代理商 1. travel agency(旅行社)2. government agency(政府机构) She booked a flight through a travel agency.(她通过旅行社预订了机票。) 41 comprise vt. 包括,包含;组成,构成 过去式/过去分词:comprised comprehensive adj. 全面的;comprehension n. 理解 1. be comprised of(由……组成)2. comprise three parts(包括三部分) The team is comprised of five experts from different fields.(这支队伍由来自不同领域的五名专家组成。) 42 scan vt. & vi. 扫描;细看;浏览;n. 扫描检查;快速查阅 过去式/过去分词:scanned;复数:scans scanner n. 扫描仪;scanning n. 扫描 1. scan a document(扫描文件)2. scan the newspaper(浏览报纸) The doctor advised him to have a brain scan.(医生建议他做脑部扫描检查。) 43 plain to see 显而易见的 无词形变化 无 1. be plain to see(显而易见)2. it’s plain to see that(显而易见的是) It’s plain to see that he is lying.(显而易见,他在撒谎。) 44 foundation n. 基础,根据;地基;创办;基金会 复数:foundations found vt. 建立;创办;foundational adj. 基础的 1. lay the foundation(打下基础)2. scientific foundation(科学依据) Hard work is the foundation of success.(努力是成功的基础。) 45 lay the foundation for 为…打下基础 无词形变化 无 1. lay the foundation for future(为未来打下基础)2. lay the foundation for cooperation(为合作奠定基础) Early education lays the foundation for a child’s development.(早期教育为孩子的发展打下基础。) 46 purse n. 资金,财源;钱包 复数:purses pursue vt. 追求;继续;pursuit n. 追求 1. public purse(公共资金)2. leather purse(皮钱包) She took out some money from her purse to pay for the book.(她从钱包里拿出一些钱买书。) 47 tale n. 故事;讲述,叙述 复数:tales tell vt. 告诉;讲述;teller n. 讲述者 1. fairy tale(童话故事)2. tell a tale(讲故事) Grandma often tells us tales about her childhood.(奶奶经常给我们讲她童年的故事。) 48 origin n. 起源,起因;出身 复数:origins original adj. 原始的;最初的;originally adv. 最初 1. origin of life(生命的起源)2. family origin(家庭出身) The origin of this tradition can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.(这个传统的起源可以追溯到唐代。) 49 shuttle n. 航天飞机;来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车);vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间) 复数:shuttles;过去式/过去分词:shuttled shuttlebus n. 穿梭巴士 1. space shuttle(航天飞机)2. shuttle between A and B(在A和B之间穿梭) The shuttle flies between the city and the airport every hour.(穿梭巴士每小时往返于市区和机场之间。) 50 frequency n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率 复数:frequencies frequent adj. 频繁的;frequently adv. 频繁地 1. high frequency(高频率)2. frequency of meetings(会议的频率) The frequency of earthquakes in this area is low.(这个地区地震的发生率很低。) 51 hydrogen n. 氢,氢气 不可数 hydrogenic adj. 氢的;含氢的 1. hydrogen gas(氢气)2. hydrogen bomb(氢弹) Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.(水由氢和氧组成。) 52 rocket n. 火箭;火箭武器;vi. 快速上升;vt. 用火箭运送 复数:rockets;过去式/过去分词:rocketed rocketry n. 火箭技术;火箭学 1. launch a rocket(发射火箭)2. rocket into space(飞向太空) The rocket successfully launched a satellite into orbit.(火箭成功将一颗卫星送入轨道。) 53 motive n. 原因,动机,目的 复数:motives motivate vt. 激励;激发;motivation n. 动机 1. main motive(主要动机)2. motive for doing(做……的动机) What was his motive for committing the crime?(他犯罪的动机是什么?) 54 investment n. 投资;投入 复数:investments invest vt. 投资;investor n. 投资者 1. make an investment(进行投资)2. time investment(时间投入) He made a large investment in the new company.(他在这家新公司投入了大量资金。) 55 calculate vt. 计算,核算;预测 过去式/过去分词:calculated calculation n. 计算;calculator n. 计算器 1. calculate the cost(计算成本)2. calculate the result(预测结果) The computer can calculate the data in seconds.(电脑能在几秒钟内计算出这些数据。) 56 coverage n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围 不可数 cover vt. 覆盖;报道;coverage adj. 覆盖的(无,正确派生词为cover相关) 1. media coverage(媒体报道)2. coverage area(覆盖范围) The event received wide coverage in the national newspapers.(这件事在全国性报纸上得到了广泛报道。) 57 mechanic n. 机械师,技工 复数:mechanics mechanical adj. 机械的;mechanics n. 力学 1. car mechanic(汽车机械师)2. aircraft mechanic(飞机技工) The mechanic repaired my car in less than an hour.(机械师不到一小时就修好了我的车。) 58 assistant n. 助理;售货员;助教;adj. 助理的,副的 复数:assistants;形容词无比较级 assist vt. 帮助;assistance n. 帮助 1. personal assistant(私人助理)2. teaching assistant(助教) She works as an assistant in a law firm.(她在一家律师事务所做助理。) 59 incredibly adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信 无比较级/最高级 incredible adj. 难以置信的;credibility n. 可信度 1. incredibly fast(极其快)2. incredibly difficult(难以置信地难) The project was completed in an incredibly short time.(这个项目在极短的时间内就完成了。) 60 dust n. 沙土,尘土;灰尘,尘埃;vt. 掸去灰尘 不可数;过去式/过去分词:dusted dusty adj. 布满灰尘的 1. sweep the dust(扫地除尘)2. dust the furniture(掸家具上的灰尘) Dust covered the books on the shelf.(书架上的书布满了灰尘。) 61 shelter n. 居所,住处;庇护;vt. 保护,掩蔽;vi. 躲避 复数:shelters;过去式/过去分词:sheltered sheltered adj. 受保护的;遮蔽的 1. bomb shelter(防空洞)2. shelter from the rain(避雨) The homeless people found shelter in the community center.(无家可归的人在社区中心找到了住处。) 62 constant adj. 固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的 比较级:more constant;最高级:most constant constantly adv. 始终;一直;constancy n. 恒定性 1. constant temperature(恒温)2. constant noise(持续的噪音) He kept a constant speed while driving on the highway.(他在高速公路上开车时保持恒定速度。) 63 nuclear adj. 核能的,原子能的;核武器的 无比较级/最高级 nucleus n. 核;核心;nuclearity n. 核性质 1. nuclear energy(核能)2. nuclear power plant(核电站) Many countries use nuclear energy to generate electricity.(许多国家利用核能发电。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 2 Out of this world词汇同步笔记讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册
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Unit 2 Out of this world词汇同步笔记讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册
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Unit 2 Out of this world词汇同步笔记讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册
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