期末复习：Unit1～8语法讲义-2025-2026学年沪教牛津版英语八年级上册

八年级（上学期）期末复习：U1至U8语法模块 & 真题训练 Unit 1语法知识要点归纳：不定代词 1、 复合不定代词 -one（指人） -body（指人） -thing（指物） some- every- any- no 用法 1. 复合不定代词单独做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Everything is possible. No one is late. 2. somebody/someone/something等不定代词用于肯定句中。 3. anyone/anybody/anything等不定代词用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 【特例】 表示邀请、请求的一般疑问句使用some/something。 例：Would you like some tea? （邀请） Would you like to something to drink? （邀请） May I ask you some questions? （请求） 4. nobody = no one = not......anybody nothing = not.......anything 例：I have nothing to say = I don’t have anything to say. 5. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词须放在不定代词后面。 例: anything else任何其他的； something interesting 一些有趣的 something important 一些重要的 nothing important 没有什么重要的 something delicious 一些好吃的 【高频易错知识辨析】 other 家族辨析 类别 单复数 含义 用法及句型 another 单数 泛指 (三者或以上中的)另一个 one....., another.... 一个....., 另一个 another（adj） + n单数 the other 单数 特指2者中另一个 one…......，the other…. 一个…，另一个 （共2个） others 复数 另一些（部分列举，不止2类） others 名词性代词，后面禁止加n. some… ，others… 一些…，另一些… the others 复数 剩余的（通常为2类） the others 名词性代词，后面禁止加n. some......, the others....一些......, 剩余的...... other adj. 别的（ + 名词） 如：other students/information 例：Some are as small as chickens, others were as big as ten elephants. I have two phones, one is HUAWEI, (另一个）is XIAOMI There are 40 students in my class, 20 are boys, (剩余的） are girls. Some people like football, （另一些）like swimming. She ate one apple, and still wanted (另一个）。 Unit 2语法知识要点归纳：数词 1、分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。 2：概念 基数词: 表示数目多少的数词; 序数词: 表示顺序的数词; 3. 基数词变序数词 记忆口诀（重点，务必记住） 基变序，有规律。一二三，特殊记，词尾字母t, d, d. (first, second, third)。 八去t, 九去e,（eighth, ninth）, f 要将ve替，然后再加th（twelfth，fifth）. 单词ty作结尾，ty变成tie， 然后再加th. (twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth) 若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。（twenty-first） 4、the + 序数词；基数词（大于1）+可数名词复数； 5、生日、几月几日、多少世纪使用序数词； 6、hundreds of/ thousands of/millions of + n复数 7、基数词 + hundred/thousand/million + n复数 U3 & U4语法知识要点归纳：形容词比较级和最高级 1、形容词、副词比较级最高级的特殊变形：好坏多少远老(口诀） 原级 比较级 最高级 好 good/well better best 坏 bad/badly worse worst 多 many/much more most 少 little less least 远 far 距离上：farther 距离上：farthest 程度上：further 程度上：furthest 老 old 年龄对比：older 年龄对比：oldest 长幼排序：elder 长幼排序：eldest 2. 修饰比较级的词：三多两少甚至任何 表示 “很多.....” a lot / far / much + 比较级 + than..... 表示 “一点” a little /a bit + 比较级 + than..... 表示“甚至”/“任何” even + 比较级; any （任何）+ 比较级 + than..... 3、修饰原级的词 very/quite/too/so + adj原级 4 原级、比较级及最高级常考句型（高频考点，牢记！） 原级 1、as + adj/adv原形 + as.....和.......一样 2、not as/so + adj/adv原形 + as... 不如......... 比较级 1、比较级 + and + 比较级，表示“越来越...........” 2、more and more + 多音节adj原形 表示“越来越.....” 3、the + 比较级， the + 比较级 越.......， 越............ 4、the + 比较级 + of the two 两者中较.....者 最高级 1、one of the + adj最高级 + n（复数） 最......之一 2、the + 序数词 + adj最高级 + n（单数） 第....... U5 & U6语法知识要点归纳：现在完成时 一、概念 表示到现在为止已经完成的动作或状态；强调过去动作对现在的影响或联系。 二、结构 (重点) 肯定句 主语 + have（has）＋过去分词 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + haven't（hasn't）＋ 过去分词 +其他. 一般疑问句 Has / Have + 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ 特殊疑问句 疑问代词/疑问副词 + has/have + 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ 三、动词变过去分词的规则 （非常重要 ） 规则变化 1) 一般的动词直接在后面+ed 例：worked，visited，asked，played，stayed 2) 以不发音字母e结尾，直接加d 例：liked lived moved 3）最后三个字母：辅音+元音+ 辅音的动词，双写末尾辅音字母再+ ed 例：stopped dropped robbed planned， preferred 4）以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i, 再+ ed. 例：carried， worried， tried， cried  不规则变化 参照英语教材附录（不规则动词过去式、过去分词表）。 一定要记死背硬！ 四、现在完成时的标志词 （非常重要） 1. ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已经）、yet（仍、还）、so far（到目前为止） just （刚刚）、 recently (最近) 、before（以前) 2. in the past/last ＋一段时间 例：in the past ten years 在刚过去的十年里 3. for + 一段时间 例：for two days 有两天了 4. since + 时间点: since 1991 : 自从1991年到现在 since + 一段时间 + ago since 14 years ago: 自从14年前到现在 since + 一般过去时句子: since I was born : 自从我出生到现在 五、already, yet, ever, never, just的用法 副词 含义 句型 位置 already 已经 肯定句 句中或句末 yet 还、仍未 否定句或一般疑问句 句末 ever 曾经 一般疑问句 句中 never 从未 含否定意思 位于陈述句句中 just 刚刚 肯定句 句中 六、易错点辨析（高频考点） 句型 含义及用法 have been to 曾经去过某地（通常人已经回来了）；末尾通常+频数 （多少次）。 have gone to 已经去了某地（不在说话者身边） have been in 待在某地....（多久），可以接表示时间段含义的状语。 have been 是.......（身份/职业/称号） 七、短暂性动词VS持续性动词 短暂性动词不能和表示一段时间 (for+时间段/since+时间点) 的时间状语连用 只有持续性动词才可以与表示时间段(for+时间段/since+时间点)的时间状语连用。 Julia has kept the book for 3 days. (正确） We have bought the book for 3 years. （错误） We have had the book for 3 years. （正确） 八、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时： 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，强调过去与现在的联系。 一般过去时：仅仅表示过去发生了什么，与现在没有联系。 U7语法知识要点归纳：条件状语从句 1、条件状态从句中，主句和从句时态规律。（重点！！） 主句时态 从句时态 一般规律 一般将来时 一般现在时 表示客观真理、事实时 一般现在时 主句含有情态动词 情态动词 + V原 主句是祈使句时 祈使句 2、unless与if之间的转换 Unless = if .....not U8 语法知识要点归纳：should/had better用法 情态动词 用法 should 应该......；表示责任、义务，和ought to用法一致; 否定形式：shouldn’t + V原. had better 最好做.........（委婉的建议）；否定形式：had better not + V原. must （主观上） 必须............ have to （客观上）不得不........... 【真题演练】 期末专题冲刺：语法选择 （2024-2025学年广州八年级上学期各区期末统考真题） 【白云区】 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） （一）阅读下面小短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～5各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Yesterday, Tom went to the library and ___1___ a book about history. He usually gets up at 7 o’clock in the morning and has breakfast. Now, he ___2___ that book in the classroom and has already finished several chapters. After class, he ___3___ football with his friends. He ___4___ many good friends since he started school. He always ___5___ his school life and looks forward to new adventures every day. 1. A. borrows B. borrowed C. has borrowed D. will borrow 2. A. reads B. read C. is reading D. was reading 3. A. played B. plays C. has played D. will play 4. A. made B. has made C. will make D. makes 5. A. enjoys B. enjoyed C. has enjoyed D. will enjoy （二）阅读下面的长短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从6～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 David had lots of bad habits (习惯). His father had no idea about what to do, ___6___ he couldn’t help his son keep away from his bad habits. Then he asked ___7___ old wise man for help. The old man said ___8___ but took the son for a slow walk in a garden. There were lots of plants in it. Suddenly, the old man stopped in front of a small plant growing in the garden and told the boy ___9___ it out. The boy held the plant between his two fingers and pulled it out ____10____. It was just a piece of cake for him. The old man then asked him to pull out a bigger plant. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out with the roots (根) and all. He was happy and wanted to pull out ____11____ one. For the boy, it was like a race against the old man and he didn’t want to lose. That’s why he tried to pull it out as ____12____ as he could. Finally the old man, pointing to a big tree, said, “Now it’s time to pull this one out.” The boy held it and tried to pull it out but the tree didn’t move. “It’s not possible. No one ____13____ make it.” said the boy tiredly. “Boy, the plants are just like your bad habits.” said the old man. “When they are young, it is easy to pull them out, but when they get old, they can’t be controlled.” The old man’s words made the boy think a lot and changed ____14____ life later. He was different from then on. We can learn a lesson from the story: Don’t wait for bad habits to grow in us. Give them up while we are in control of them, ____15____ they will get control over us. 6. A. although B. but C. so D. because 7. A. a B. an C. the D. / 8. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 9. A. to pull B. pull C. pulled D. pulling 10. A. easy B. easily C. easier D. easiest 11. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 12. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly 13. A. had better B. must C. should D. can 14. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 15. A. though B. or C. if D. and 【番禺区】 第二节 语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 There was once a king who had a great palace with a beautiful garden. He was happier than anyone else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed ____11____. The king was very happy with the whole garden except for ____12____ old tree. It was so old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people ____13____ it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. ____14____ his surprise, after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden didn’t look so beautiful any more. The king was disappointed, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could ____15____ what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down,” said the young man. “There ____16____ some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced waste for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many ____17____ animals to your garden. So the tree is important to your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king. “I’ll make you rich ____18____ you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It ____19____ many years to get the natural balance.” said the young man. The king was sad. This was the first time he realized the importance of ____20____ trees. But all he could do was just to wait. 11. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves 12. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13. A. cut B. cuts C. to cut D. cutting 14. A. In B. To C. For D. At 15. A. explain B. explains C. explaining D. explained 16. A. was B. were C. is D. are 17. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 18. A. unless B. if C. or D. though 19. A. spend B. will spend C. take D. will take 20. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 【花都区】 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A，B，Ｃ和D项中选出最佳选项。 China has a rich food culture. There are some interesting stories behind Chinese food, as well as the tools we use to eat. Hotpot Hotpot ____1____ popular among Chinese people for a long time. As ____2____ as in the Shang Dynasty, people cooked foods in bronze cauldrons (青铜鼎). The cauldron had two parts—one was the pot to cook foods in soup, and ____3____ part was a space inside the cauldron to hold fire. Yuan Mei was ____4____ famous poet and food lover in the Qing Dynasty. He ____5____ hotpot “huoguo”. At that time, hotpots were very popular. People ____6____ put all kinds of meat and vegetables into the hotpot. They also used different things ___7___ pots. Dongpo pork There is a famous Chinese dish called “Dongpo pork”. Does it have ____8____ to do with the great poet Su Dongpo? Yes. Su Dongpo was a poet who lived during the Song Dynasty. He was ____9____ person to make this dish. ____10____ he was a local official in Hubei, he fell in love with cooking pork and he could cook ____11____ than any other people. Chopsticks What are the Dos and Don’ts of using chopsticks? For Chinese people, chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with ____12____ own special rules and traditions. For example, people shouldn’t make noise with chopsticks. Playing with chopsticks is rude. There are also some beliefs about ____13____ chopsticks. For example, some people believe that we shouldn’t put the chopsticks upright ____14____ a bowl. It looks like the incense (香) that Chinese people use to respect the dead people, ____15____doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck. 1. A. was B. were C. has been D. have been 2. A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest 3. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another 4. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. A. name B. names C. named D. is naming 6. A. could B. should C. must D. need 7. A. make B. making C. to making D. to make 8. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything 9. A. one B. the first C. first D. firstly 10. A. When B. Although C. Unless D. Because 11. A. good B. well C. better D. best 12. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 13. A. use B. using C. used D. to use 14. A. in B. of C. with D. for 15. A. yet B. or C. but D. and 【黄埔区】 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 1．（15分） A group of Australian students are visiting Guangzhou on an educational exchange. （1）　 　 weekdays，they study with local students at school.They （2）　 　 many local schools since they arrived.In an art class，the teacher patiently guided students to paint flowers and birds in a traditional Chinese artistic way.It was difficult but （3）　 　 gave up."You should keep （4）　 　 if you want to show the beauty of nature and life，"said the teacher.The Australian students also join in school activities with their Chinese friends.One day，they went to watch a Cantonese lion dance.Two Chinese students dressed in colorful clothes.They jumped up and down （5）　 　 like a lion.The foreign students were deeply surprised by （6）　 　 show. At weekends，the exchange students tour around the city to find out more.They visit tourist sites like the Canton Tower and have morning tea.For many students，it is （7）　 　 time that they try Cantonese dim﹣sum，such as shrimp dumplings，chicken feet and wonton noodles."It is much （8）　 　 to learn a new language from food names than anything else!"says one student. This program is a great （9）　 　.The Australian students know more about the culture and language of China.All the students say they would like to return to China （10）　 　 they have another chance.What a great cross﹣cultural experience it is! （1） A.At B.In C.On D.By （2） A.visited B.will visit C.are visiting D.have visited （3） A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybody （4） A.practise B.practised C.practising D.to practise （5） A.skill B.skills C.skillful D.skillfully （6） A.a B.the C.an D./ （7） A.one B.first C.the first D.the one （8） A.easy B.easier C.the easiest D.easily （9） A.succeed B.successfully C.successful D.success （10） A.if B.because C.unless D.so 【荔湾区】 三、语法选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D 项中选出最佳选项。 Once upon a time, in a big forest, there lived a wise owl (猫头鹰) named Oliver. Everyone knew about Oliver ___11___ he was very smart and patient. Oliver spent his days ___12___ the woodland animals and was even ready to offer help. ___13___ a sunny morning, when Oliver noticed a rabbit named Leo jumping around and eating grass without any worries. Leo was full of energy and curiosity, ___14___ he failed to notice the danger around. Unexpectedly, a strange sound caught Oliver’s attention. It was Fiona, a hungry fox, trying to get close to Leo quietly. Without ___15___ twice, Oliver shouted loudly ___16___ Leo. Leo looked up with fear just as Fiona jumped at him. He ran into a hole ___17___ fast as he could. Fiona only ended up with eating fruits to satisfy her hunger. After Fiona left, Oliver flew to Leo. “It’s great to be energetic and curious, but always be careful. The forest is full of hidden dangers for those who ___18___ pay attention.” Leo nodded. “Oliver, I’ll be more careful from now on. You ___19___ me a lesson already.” The forest continued to grow under Oliver’s advice, especially for Leo who never forgot the important lesson he learned that day. They all lived ___20___, with a little more wisdom and a lot more caution. 11. A. though B. if C. because D. when 12. A. to watch B. watching C. watch D. watched 13. A. From B. At C. In D. On 14. A. and B. so C. but D. or 15. A. thinking B. to thinking C. think D. thought 16. A. to warn B. warn C. warning D. warned 17. A. very B. such C. so D. as 18. A. don’t B. didn’t C. aren’t D. weren’t 19. A. taught B. teach C. have taught D. will teach 20. A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. happier 【天河区】 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Rick is a school boy.He（1）　 　interested in video games since primary school.He spends a long time（2）　 　them.If he finishes his homework，he（3）　 　in front of the computer.He seldom goes outside and he is not willing to take（4）　 　exercise. Two years ago in a class，Rick's teacher asked him（5）　 　easy question，but he wasn't able to answer it.His teacher got really surprised.Then he asked Rick after class，"（6）　 　couldn't you answer the question？This is（7）　 　time we've tried this kind of exercise recently.（8）　 　me your difficulties if you have some.I can't help you（9）　 　you show me your problems."Rick explained，"Actually，I found it difficult to see the board（10）　 　.I didn't even know the question…"His teacher became so worried that he phoned his parents right away. Then Rick's mum took him to the hospital for a check﹣up.The test showed that（11）　 　eyesight weakened.After asking about how he used eyes，the doctor said，"You（12）　 　sit in front of the screen for too long..."Also，the doctor advised Rick（13）　 　sports. Realizing his problem，Rick decided to give（14）　 　video games and go for a run every day.Now Rick's eyesight gets（15）　 　.Besides，he learns to take control of his video time. （1）A.is B.was C.has been D.will be （2）A.to play B.playing C.plays D.played （3）A.sit B.is sitting C.sat D.will sit （4）A.any B.some C.many D.little （5）A.a B.an C.the D./ （6）A.Where B.Why C.What D.When （7）A.five B.fifth C.the five D.the fifth （8）A.Tell B.Telling C.Told D.To tell （9）A.but B.if C.because D.unless （10）A.clear B.clearer C.clearly D.more clearly （11）A.he B.him C.his D.he's （12）A.have better not B.had better not C.had not better to D.have better not to （13）A.do B.doing C.did D.to do （14）A.up B.in C.out D.away （15）A.good B.better C.the best D.the better 【越秀区】 四、语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For hundreds of years, hot pot has always been one of China’s most popular foods. It is a traditional Chinese food that many people ____11____ for centuries. The beginning of hot pot came from the ancient Chinese way of cooking over ____12____ open fire. In the past, people would sit around a fire and boil meat, vegetables, and other food in a large pot. This method ____13____ cooking allowed people to share food while staying warm during cold·weather. One of the things I love about hot pot is that it can help me socialize (社交). ____14____ you want to look for a meal to share with your family, you should choose hotpot. It’s a great way to get together with friends and family. I remember one time when I went out for hot pot with my friends, and we spent hours ____15____ the delicious food. It was such a memorable and enjoyable evening. ____16____ thing that I enjoy about hot pot is the different kinds of food that you can cook in the broth. You have many choices to help you enjoy the meal. Whether you like spicy broth (辣汤) with beef and mushrooms, or a light broth with seafood and tofu, there’s ____17____ for everyone to enjoy. It is also convenient to have hot pot. Once the broth is ready, all you have to do is to drop in your food and let them ____18____ for a few minutes. ____19____ is really a perfect choice for people to have a relaxing dinner with friends or family. Overall, hot pot is a delicious, social, and customizable dining experience. It’s a great way to connect with others and have a flavorful meal _____20_____. 11. A. loved B. loves C. has loved D. have loved· 12. A. / B. a C. an D. the 13. A. of B. with C. in D. to 14. A. Because B. As soon as C. Although D. If 15. A. enjoy B. enjoying C. to enjoy D. enjoyed 16. A. Another B. The other C. Other D. Others 17. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 18. A. to cook. B. cook C. cooking D. have cooked 19. A. What B. It C. That D. This 20 A. happily B. happy C. more happily D. happier 【增城区】 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then ___1___ them back together. He usually succeeded, ___2___ sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had trouble ___3___ the sauce. He thought there must be another way and decided to invent ___4___ better. After a ___5___ afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a broken wood mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself ___6___ it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone ___7___ stir the sauce easily. The next day, he showed ___8___ invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even ___9___. The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. ____10____ his mom’s support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, ____11____ his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular quickly. They used it ____12____ drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received ____13____ award for his creativity. Since then, he ____14____ many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an ____15____ in and keep going. 1. A. put B. puts C. to put D. putting 2. A. or B. so C. and D. but 3. A. to stir B. stirred C. stirs D. stirring 4. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 5. A. busy B. busily C. busier D. busiest 6. A. so B. if C. before D. though 7. A. could B. need C. must D. should 8. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 9. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 10. A. With B. About C. Without D. Against 11. A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. a hundred of D. a hundreds of 12. A. mix B. mixed C. mixing D. to mix 13. A. / B. a C. an D. the 14. A. invent B. invented C. has invented D. have invented 15. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestingly ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $