内容正文:
Unit 5 Travel Around China
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
一般将来时 高频易错点01
一、定义:一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。句子中一般含有典型的表示将来时间的单词或短语,如: tomorrow(明天), next week/ month(下一周/下个月), tonight(今晚)等。
二、用法:
1.“be going to+动词原形”结构:表示即将发生的事或最近打算要做的事,主要用于口语。
(1)肯定句。
句型结构: 主语+ be going to + 动词原形(+其他).
例句: I'm going to buy some fruit. 我要去买些水果。
(2)否定句。
句型结构: 主语 + be动词 + not going to + 动词原形(+其他).
例句: Mike is not going to play ping-pong tomorrow.迈克明天不打算去打乒乓球。
(3)一般疑问句及回答。
句型结构: —Be动词+主语+ going to + 动词原形(+其他)?
—Yes, 主语 + be动词./ No, 主语 + be动词+ not.
例句: —Are you going to see a film?你打算去看电影吗?
—Yes,I am./ No,I am not.是的,我打算去。/不,我不打算去。
(4)特殊疑问句。
句型结构: 特殊疑问词+ be动词+主语 + going to +动词原形(+其他)?
例句: Where are you going this summer vacation?这个暑假你打算去哪里?
2.“will+动词原形”结构:表示将来某个时候要发生的动作或存在的状态。
(1)肯定句。
句型结构: 主语 + will+ 动词原形(+其他).
例句: She will have a dancing lesson this evening.她今天晚上将有一节舞蹈课。
(2)否定句。
句型结构:主语+ will not( won't)+动词原形(+其他).
例句: He will not go to work tomorrow.他明天将不上班。
(3)一般疑问句及回答。
句型结构: —Will+主语+动词原形(+其他)?
—Yes,主语+ be动词./ No, 主语 + be动词+ not.
例句: —Will you go to the supermarket with me?你将要和我去超市吗?
—Yes, I will. / No, I will not.是的,我将要去。/不,我将不去。
(4)特殊疑问句。
句型结构: 特殊疑问词+ will+ 主语 +动词原形(+其他)?
例句: What will you do on the National Day?国庆节你将要干什么?
注意: be going to结构后面一般不跟 go, come等表示位移的动词。表示位移的动词一般用该动词的进行时表示将来。“be going to+动词原形”表示事先考虑好的计划,相当于打算或准备;但“ shall/ will+动词原形”表示的是未事先考虑的计划或打算。两者有时通用。
易错点提示
(1) 遗漏 be 动词:使用 “be going to” 时,易忘记根据主语添加 am/is/are,如错误表达 “We going to visit Dujiangyan”(正确:We are going to visit...)。
(2) will 后接动词错误:will 后必须跟动词原形,不可加 - s/-es 或 ing,如错误表达 “He will sees the pandas”(正确:He will see...)。
(3) 两种结构混用:如错误表达 “We will going to take a plane”(需二选一:We will take... 或 We are going to take...)。
小练笔
单项选择。
( ) 1. I'm going to see a film ________.
A. this afternoon B. yesterday C. every day
( )2.—What are you going to do tomorrow? —________
A. We are swimming. B. We're going to take a trip.
C. I often visit my grandparents.
( )3.—________ —I'm going to play football.
A. What are you doing? B. What are you going to do? C. Where are you going?
( ) 4. He ________ usually busy every weekend, but he ________ free next weekend.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. is; will be
( ) 5. There ________ an art show tomorrow evening.
A. is going to be B. will have C. is going to have
( ) 6.—________ you ________ work tomorrow?
—No. I ________ work the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to be; will be
点
拨
1. A一般将来时,需用将来时间,故选 A。
点
拨
2. B解析:问句句意为“明天你们将要做什么? ”,答语也为一般将来时的句子,故选B。
3. B 解析:由答语中的“I’m going to play football”可知, 问句询问将要做某事, 故选B。
4. C 解析:前半句根据“ every weekend”可知选用一般现在时; 后半句根据“ next weekend”可知选用一般将来时。
5. A 解析:“ there be”句型和“ is going to”结构结合, 应为“ There is going to be...”。
6. A
“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 用法高频易错点02
一、核心结构与含义
1. 基本用法
It takes + 某人 + 时间 + to do sth.用于表达 “做某事花费某人多长时间”,其中 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 to do sth.(动词不定式),避免句子头重脚轻。
中文翻译:“某人做某事要花……(时间)”
例如:It will take us only 3 hours to go to Chengdu by plane.(我们乘飞机去成都只要 3 小时)
It will take about 7 and a half hours by high-speed train.(乘高铁要花大约 7 个半小时)
2. “某人” 的形式
“某人” 需用人称代词宾格(如 me, you, him, her, us, them),不可用主格(I, he, she 等):
正确:It will take us 3 days to visit Guilin.(我们游览桂林要花 3 天)
错误:It will take we 3 days to visit Guilin.
3. “时间” 的表达
具体时长:直接用 “数字 + 时间单位”,如 3 hours(3 小时)、7 and a half hours(7 个半小时)、10 minutes(10 分钟);
模糊时长:可用 some time(一些时间)、a long time(很长时间)等,如 It will take her some time to make the trip plan.(她做旅行计划要花一些时间)。
4. “to do sth.” 的注意事项
后面必须接 动词不定式(to + 动词原形),不可接动词 - ing 形式或动词第三人称单数:
正确:It takes me an hour to read travel books every day.(我每天花 1 小时读旅行书籍)
错误:It takes me an hour reading travel books every day.
二、句型转换
1. 对 “时间” 提问(用 How long)
句型:How long will it take sb. to do sth.?(一般将来时)
例句:原句:It will take Lingling’s family 3 hours to go to Chengdu by plane.(玲玲一家乘飞机去成都要花 3 小时)
提问:How long will it take Lingling’s family to go to Chengdu by plane?(玲玲一家乘飞机去成都要花多长时间?)
2. 否定句(在 will 后加 not,或用 won’t)
例句:It won’t take them too long to visit Dujiangyan.(他们游览都江堰不会花太长时间)
3. 同义句转换(与 spend 的区别)
spend 句型:sb. spend (s) + 时间 + (in) doing sth.(主语是人,in 可省略)
对比(Unit 5 场景):
It will take us 2 hours to travel around Liugong Island.(我们环游刘公岛要花 2 小时)
We will spend 2 hours (in) travelling around Liugong Island.(同义句,主语由 it 变为 we,动词用 - ing 形式)
易错点提示
(1) 混淆 it 的用法:误将 it 换成真实主语,如错误表达 “To go to Chengdu by plane will take us 3 hours.”(语法正确但不符合英语表达习惯,应改为 It will take us 3 hours to go to Chengdu by plane.)。
(2) 人称代词用错格:误用人称代词主格,如错误表达 “It will take he 7 hours to go to Chengdu by train.”(he 应改为宾格 him)。
(3) 动词形式错误:误将 to do 换成 doing,如错误表达 “It takes me 10 minutes walking to the park.”(walking 应改为 to walk)。
(4) 时态遗漏 will:一般将来时中忘记加 will,如错误表达 “It take them 20 hours to drive to Chengdu.”(take 应改为 will take)。
小练笔
单项选择
( ) 1.It will ______ Lingling’s family about 3 hours ______ to Chengdu by plane.
A. take; go B. take; to go C. spend; to go
( ) 2.How long ______ it take them ______ around the West Lake by bike?
A. will; to travel B. does; travel C. will; travelling
( ) 3.It ______ my parents 2 days ______ Confucius Mansion in Qufu last year.
A. takes; to visit B. took; to visit C. took; visit
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
4.It will take us 7 and a half hours __________ (go) to Chengdu by high-speed train.
5.How long did it take you __________ (make) your travel plan to Shandong?
点
拨
1.B 解析:主语是 it,用 “take”,排除 C;“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 中 “to do” 不可省略,故选 B。
2.A 解析:Unit 5 围绕旅行计划,常用一般将来时,排除 B;“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 中用 “to travel”,排除 C,故选 A。
3.B 解析:由 “last year” 可知用一般过去时,排除 A;“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 中 “to do” 不可省略,故选 B。
4.to go 解析:“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 中需接动词不定式,故填 “to go”。
5.to make 解析:“It takes sb. time to do sth.” 为固定结构,“make” 需用 “to make”。
because 引导的原因状语从句在旅行场景中的误用高频易错点03
基本语法结构
1. Why 问句(提问原因)
结构为:Why + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + (其他成分)?
· 助动词:根据时态选择(do/does/did/will/have 等),如一般现在时用 do/does,一般过去时用 did;
· 情态动词:表能力、许可、必要性等(can/may/must/could 等);
2. Because 回答(解释原因)
结构为:Because + 完整的原因句子(主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分)
例如:Maomao: Why do you want to go to Chengdu?
Lingling: Because it’s my dad’s hometown.
Yuanyuan: We will go to Tai’an because my father likes climbing mountains.
易错点提示
(1) because 与 so 连用:中文习惯说 “因为…… 所以……”,但英文中 because 和 so 不可同时出现,如错误表达 “Because he likes pandas, so he will go to Chengdu”(正确:Because he likes pandas, he will go to Chengdu. 或 He will go to Chengdu because he likes pandas.)。
(2) 回答 why 问句漏 because:直接用原因句回答,如错误表达 “Why will you visit Dujiangyan? It’s famous.”(正确:Because it’s famous.)。
(3) 时态不一致:主句用一般将来时,because 从句描述客观事实或习惯,需用一般现在时,如错误表达 “We will go to Guilin because it will have beautiful views”(正确:because it has beautiful views)。
小练笔
单项选择:
( ) 1.—Why will they stay in Lijiang for a week?
—______ they want to enjoy the slow life.
A. So B. Because C. And
( ) 2.We like to go to the beach ______ the sand is soft.
A. because B. so C. but
根据中文提示完成句子:
3.—为什么你们打算坐高铁去济南?—因为它很方便。
—Why are you going to Jinan by high-speed train?
—______ ______ ______ convenient.
4.他们会去孔府,因为他们想了解更多关于孔子的事。
They will visit Confucius Mansion because ______ ______ ______ know more about Confucius.
1.B 解析:回答 why 问句必须用 because 引导原因,so 表结果,and 表并列,故选 B。
2.A 解析:句中 “喜欢去海滩” 的原因是 “沙子软”,需用 because,故选 A。
3.Because it is 解析:“它(高铁)很方便” 用 “it is convenient”,开头加 because,首字母大写。
4.they want to 解析:主语 “他们” 是 they,“想做某事” 用 “want to do”,符合一般现在时。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Kate’s mother will (take) her to the doctor.
2.My brother will (read) a book tomorrow.
3.—Will you (come) to my birthday party tomorrow?
—Sure, I (will).
4.He will (have) a show next Friday.
5.Kitty (will not) live in the Garden City in the future.
6.—What will you do for him?
—I (help) him clean the classroom.
2、 单项选择。
( )7.We are going to _______ the dance for three hours.
A.practiced B.practice C.practicing
( )8.Xiaoming: When are we going to Xi’an?
Miss Yang: ________
A.Last Monday. B.Next Monday. C.Every Monday.
( )9.—What will you do at the farewell party (告别派对)?
—I _______ sing and dance.
A.going to B.will C.is going to
( )10.Will you ______ to Xingyi Wanfenglin?
A.comeing B.coming C.come
( )11.Tomorrow, it will _____ in Changchun.
A.rain B.rainy C.raining
( )12.—What will you do for your father on Father’s Day?
—I ______ cook ______ my father.
A.can; to B.do; with C.will; for
( )13.—How will Miss Guo get to Beijing?
—______
A.She gets there by plane. B.She will get there by plane.
C.He will get there by plane.
( )14.—______ will Mr. Zhang stay in Shanghai?
—He will stay there for one month.
A.How many B.How long C.How old
( )15.—Will it be hot on Sunday?
—No, ________.
A.it won’t B.it will C.it isn’t
( )16.It will ________ windy in April in Beijing.
A.is B.are C.be
3、 将对话补充完整。
( )17.( )18.
( )19. ( )20.
( )21.
A.Suzhou is famous for its gardens.
B.What will you be in the future?
C.Every Friday.
D.How do seeds travel?
E. What are you doing?
4、 选择合适的答句。
( )22.Why do you look so excited? A.No. By plane.
B.We’ll visit Du-jiang-yan.
C.Because we are going to Chengdu.
D.At 7:30 after breakfast.
E. Orange juice, please.
( )23.Are you going there by train?
( )24.What will you do in Chengdu?
( )25.What would you like to drink?
( )26.What time are we going to leave?
5、 补全下列对话。
Chen: How are you, Amy? 27 A.How are you going to get there?
B.You look so excited.
C.Where are you going on your holiday?
D.Who are you going there with?
E.What are you going to do there?
Amy: Yes, I am excited. I’m going on a trip.
Chen: 28
Amy: I’m going to Chongqing.
Chen: That’s cool. It’s known as “Mountain
City”. 29
Amy: I’m going with my parents.
Chen: 30
Amy: I’m going to visit the YangZi River and see Dazu Rock Carvings (大足石刻).
Chen: That’s great! 31
Amy: We are going by train.
Chen: Have fun!
6、 阅读下面的短文,完成相应的任务。
Hello, everyone! My name is Yang Lin. Here is my travel plan for the summer holiday. I’m going to travel around Singapore (新加坡) with my parents. We’re going to stay in Singapore for three days. In the first two days, we will visit Sentosa, the Singapore Zoo and the Singapore Flyer. I hear that Sentosa is a beautiful island (岛屿) and there are many interesting places there. It is the most famous place to visit in Singapore. The Singapore Zoo is in the open air. People can see animals in daytime and at night. People can take the train around the zoo and see animals from the. train. Singapore Flyer is the world’s largest flyer. People can see all of Singapore from inside the flyer. For the last day, we will visit Chinatown. We can enjoy the food there and learn more about the history of Singapore. We will have a lot of fun in Singapore!
Where are you going for your summer holiday? Can you tell me your travel plan?
( )32.Yang Lin is going to travel around __________ this summer holiday.
A.Singapore B.China C.Harbin
( )33.Yang Lin is going to travel with __________.
A.his friends B.his parents C.his cousin
( )34.He will stay in Singapore for __________.
A.one day B.two days C.three days
( )35.He will visit __________ in Singapore.
A.three places B.four places C.five places
( )36.People can see animals __________ in Singapore Zoo.
A.only in daytime B.only at night C.in daytime and at night
7、 阅读短文,按要求完成任务。
Dear friend,
I’m Lisa. I’m happy to be your new pen pal. I’m from Sydney. It’s in Australia. I’m an active girl. I want to be a doctor. It’s sunny and hot in Sydney now. What’s the weather like in Xi’an?
My holiday is coming. I plan to stay in China with my parents for a week. On Feb. 1st, we’re going to Beijing by plane. We will visit the Palace Museum and the Great Wall on Feb. 2nd. The next day, we will go to Hangzhou by train, because my grandparents are there. We will get together and have a big dinner. I’m going to the West Lake with my parents on Feb. 5th. We will go boating on the lake. The next day is my grandfather’s birthday. We will have a birthday party for him. And we’ll see a film together. We are going back to Sydney on Feb. 7th. We must be very happy. What about your holiday?
Yours,
Lisa
37.根据信件内容,将图片序号填在括号内。
( )(1) Feb. 2nd
( )(2) Feb. 3rd
( )(3) Feb. 5th
( )(4) Feb. 6th
A. B. C. D.
38.根据信件内容,选择正确答案。
( )Lisa’s family will stay in Hangzhou for _____.
A.a week B.eight days C. four days
参考答案
1.take
【详解】句意:凯特的妈妈将带她去看医生。本题考查动词的形式。句中已有助动词will,其后需接动词原形构成将来时态。括号中的动词take需保持原形,故填take。故答案为take。
2.read
【详解】句意:我哥哥明天将要读一本书。本题考查动词的形式。根据题干中will,可知其后的动词要用原形,read读,动词原形。故答案为read。
3.come will
【详解】句意:—明天你会来参加我的生日聚会吗?—当然,我会来的。本题考查一般将来时的疑问句及回答。第一空所在句子为一般将来时的疑问句,结构为“Will+主语+动词原形”,因此填come。第二空是肯定回答,需用“will”直接回应,避免重复动词短语,故填will,故答案为come,will。
4.have
【详解】句意:他下周五将有一场演出。本题考查动词的形式。have动词,有,根据next Friday可知时态是一般将来时,结构是will+动词原形。故答案为have。
5.won’t
【详解】句意:基蒂将来不住在花园城市。本题考查助动词及陈述句的否定形式。由In the future在将来可知句子时态为一般将来时,助动词will的否定形式为won’t,故答案为won’t。
6.will help
【详解】句意:—你要为他做什么?—我要帮助他打扫教室。本题考查时态辨析,问句是一般将来时,答语也应是一般将来时,will+动词原形,故答案为will help。
7.B
【详解】句意:我们将要练习舞蹈三个小时。本题考查“be going to”后接动词原形的用法。该结构表示将来计划或打算做某事,后跟动词原形。选项中只有B(practice)是动词原形。故选B。
8.B
【详解】句意:小明:我们什么时候去西安?杨老师:_____。本题考查特殊疑问句的答语和一般将来时。A上周一。B下周一。C每周一。根据问句的are going to可知时态为一般将来时,答语需用将来时间,选项B符合题意,故选B。
9.B
【详解】句意:—你将在告别派对上做什么?—我将唱歌跳舞。本题考查一般将来时。根据问句中的will可知句子是一般将来时,答语需用相同时态。一般将来时的句型结构为:will/be going to+动词原形,答语主语是I,be用am,排除A和C,故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:你将要来兴义万峰林吗?本题考查动词的形式。A表达错误,B是动名词或动词的现在分词,C是动词原形。will+动词原形构成一般将来时,所以该空用动词原形,故选C。
11.A
【详解】句意:明天,长春会下雨。本题考查动词的形式。A下雨,动词原形;B下雨的,形容词;C下雨,动词的ing形式。will后面需接动词原形,表示一般将来时,故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:—父亲节你会为爸爸做什么?—我会为爸爸做饭。本题考查助动词和介词辨析。问句是一般将来时,答语也用一般将来时,结构是will+动词原形,to朝向,with带有,for为了,cook for my father为我的爸爸做饭,符合题意,故选C。
13.B
【详解】句意:郭小姐将怎样去北京?本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。问句中的“will”表明动作发生在将来,答句需用相同时态。选项B使用“will get”符合时态要求,且主语“She”与“Miss Guo”一致。选项A为一般现在时,时态不符;选项C主语“He”性别错误。故选B。
14.B
【详解】句意:—张先生将在上海待多久?—他将待一个月。本题考查how long引导的特殊疑问句及其回答。A多少,询问数量,B多久,询问时间,C多少岁,询问年龄,根据答句for one month可知,问题询问的是时间长度,故选B。
15.A
【详解】句意:—星期天会热吗?—不,不会。本题考查一般将来时的一般疑问句回答。问句以“Will”开头,回答需用“will”的肯定或否定形式。否定回答为“No, it won’t.”,其中“won’t”是“will not”的缩写。选项C为现在时,时态不符。故选A。
16.C
【详解】句意:四月的北京将会是多风的。本题考查一般将来时中情态动词will的用法。will后需接动词原形,此处需用系动词be的原形构成“will be”结构。故选C。
17.A 18.B 19.D 20.E 21.C
【解析】17.句意:苏州因什么著名?该句回答苏州著名的东西,A选项“苏州因它的园林而著名。”与句子匹配,故选A。
18.句意:我将成为理发师。问句是将成为什么,B选项“将来你将成为什么?”与句子匹配,故选B。
19.句意:种子和风一起旅行。该句问种子怎么旅行,D选项“种子怎么旅行?”与句子匹配,故选D。
20.句意:我正在画画。问句问正在做什么,E选项“你正在做什么?”与句子匹配,故选E。
21.句意:你多久去看望祖父母一次?该句回答频率,C选项“每周五。”与句子匹配,故选C。
22.C 23.A 24.B 25.E 26.D
【分析】22.句意:你为什么看起来这么兴奋?回答说原因。选项C因为我们将要去成都,符合语境,故选C。
23.句意:你将要乘坐火车去那里吗?一般用问句,用yes/no回答,选项A,不,乘坐飞机,符合语境,故选A。
24.句意:你将要在成都做什么?回答说做的事,选项B我将要去拜访都江堰。符合语境,故选B。
25.句意:你想要喝什么?回答说喝的东西,选项E请来点橙子汁。符合语境,故选E。
26.句意:我们什么时候离开?回答说时间,选项D早餐后在7点30分。符合语境,故选D。
27.B 28.C 29.D 30.E 31.A
【导语】本文讨论了假期去重庆旅行的事情。
27.下句说:是的,我很兴奋。选项B“你看起来很兴奋。”符合语境,故选B。
28.下句说:我要去重庆。可知这句问要去哪,选项C“你假期要去哪里?”符合语境,故选C。
29.下句说:我要和父母一起去。可知这句问要和谁去,选项D“你要和谁一起去?”符合语境,故选D。
30.下句说:我要参观长江和看大足石刻。可知这句问要做什么,选项E“你要在那里做什么?”符合语境,故选E。
31.下句说:我们要坐火车去。可知这句问要怎么去,选项A“你们要怎么到达那里?”符合语境,故选A。
32.A 33.B 34.C 35.B 36.C
【导语】本文主要讲述了杨林的暑假旅游计划。
32.句意:今年暑假杨林将要去______旅游。A 新加坡,B 中国,C 哈尔滨。根据文中“I’m going to travel around Singapore with my parents.”可知杨林将要去新加坡旅游,故选A。
33.句意:杨林将要和_____去旅游。A 他的朋友,B 他的父母,C 他的表哥。根据文中“I’m going to travel around Singapore with my parents.”可知杨林将要和父母去新加坡旅游,故选B。
34.句意:他将要在新加坡待______。A 一天,B 两天,C 三天。根据文中“We’re going to stay in Singapore for three days.”可知,杨林一家将要在新加坡待三天,故选C。
35.句意:他将要在新加坡参观_____。A 三处地方,B 四处地方,C 五处地方。根据文中“ In the first two days, we will visit Sentosa, the Singapore Zoo and the Singapore Flyer.”和“For the last day, we will visit Chinatown. ”可知杨林一家将要在新加坡参观四处地方,故选B。
36.句意:在新加坡动物园人们可以_______看动物。A 只在白天,B 只在晚上,C 白天和晚上。根据文中“People can see animals in daytime and at night.”可知在新加坡动物园,人们在白天和晚上都可以看动物,故选C。
37. B D A C 38.C
【导语】本文主要是丽萨写给笔友的一封信。
37.(1)根据“We will visit the Palace Museum and the Great Wall on Feb. 2nd.”可知丽萨一家将在2月2日参观故宫博物院和长城,选项B是长城,故选B。
(2)根据“On Feb. 1st, we’re going to Beijing by plane. We will visit the Palace Museum and the Great Wall on Feb. 2nd. The next day, we will go to Hangzhou by train, because my grandparents are there. We will get together and have a big dinner.”可知丽萨一家将在2月3日乘火车去杭州与爷爷奶奶相聚,吃一顿丰盛的晚餐,选项D是一家人吃晚餐,故选D。
(3)根据“I’m going to the West Lake with my parents on Feb. 5th.”可知丽萨将在2月5日和父母一起去西湖玩,选项A是西湖,故选A。
(4)根据“The next day is my grandfather’s birthday. We will have a birthday party for him. And we’ll see a film together.”可知丽萨一家将在2月6日一起去看电影,选项C是看电影,故选C。
38.句意:丽萨一家将在杭州呆____。A一周,B八天,C四天。根据“The next day, we will go to Hangzhou by train, because my grandparents are there.”和“We are going back to Sydney on Feb. 7th.”可知丽萨一家2月3日去杭州,2月7日回悉尼,在杭州一共呆四天,故选C。
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