内容正文:
Unit 6 Get Close to Nature
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
一般现在时:动词第三人称单数的变化 高频易错点01
课本中描述自然规律(如水的形态变化)、日常农场活动时,频繁使用动词第三人称单数(简称 “动词单三”),核心规则:
主语为 单数名词(snow/water/the sun)或 he/she/ 单数人称(Guoguo/Mike)时,动词需变单三;课本高频动词单三变化:
turn → turns(例:Snow turns into water. )
feed → feeds(例:She feeds the sheep every morning. )
collect → collects(例:He collects eggs from hens. )
smell → smells(例:The flower smells sweet. )。
总结:第三人称单数的变化规则如下:
1.一般情况直接在动词原形后加 “s”work→works,play→plays
2.以 “s, x, ch, sh” 结尾加 “es”pass→passes,fix→fixes,teach→teaches,wash→washes
3.以 “o” 结尾加 “es”go→goes,do→does
4.以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾变 “y” 为 “i”,再加 “es”study→studies,carry→carries
5.不规则变换无固定规律,需特殊记忆have→has,be→is
易错点提示
(1) 漏加 “s”:主语是单三时,动词仍用原形(如错说:The sun turn into light. 正确:The sun turns into light.);
(2) 错误加 “es”:规则动词直接加 “s”,无需加 “es”(如错说:He feedes the pigs. 正确:He feeds the pigs.);
(3) 不可数名词作主语时漏变单三:如 “water”“air” 视为单数,错说:Water turn into ice. 正确:Water turns into ice.。
小练笔
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.The sun __________(shine)brightly every morning. We can’t live without it.
2.My uncle __________(feed)the sheep with grass on his farm every afternoon.
3.Guoguo __________(collect)eggs from the hens every weekend. She likes this job.
4.The water in the river __________(turn)into ice when the temperature is below 0℃.
5.The flower __________(smell)sweet. Many bees come to it.
6.He __________(go)over the Yuanjiang River twice a year.
点
拨
1.shines 解析:主语 “the sun” 是单数,描述客观规律用一般现在时,“shine” 变 “shines”。
2.feeds 解析:主语 “my uncle” 是第三人称单数,“feed” 变 “feeds”。
3.collects 解析:主语 “Guoguo” 是第三人称单数,“collect” 变 “collects”。
4.turns 解析:主语 “the water” 是单数(不可数名词),“turn” 变 “turns”。
5.smells 解析:主语 “the flower” 是单数,“smell” 变 “smells”。
6.goes 解析:主语 “he” 是第三人称单数,“go” 变 “goes”。
感官动词 “see/smell/hear/feel” 的用法高频易错点02
课本中用感官动词描述 “感受自然”,核心用法分两类:
· 后接名词:表 “看到 / 闻到 / 听到 / 摸到某物”,直接接名词,无需加介词,如:
I see the stars at night.我晚上看星星。
I hear the sheep calling.我听到羊在叫。
· 后接形容词:表 “感觉……(状态)”,接形容词(不用副词),如:
I feel cold outside.我在外面觉得冷。
The wind feels cool.风感觉很凉快。
易错点提示
(1) 多余介词:错说:I see at the stars. 正确:I see the stars.(see 直接接名词,不用 at);
(2) 副词误用为形容词:错说:I feel coldly. 正确:I feel cold.(feel 后接形容词,不用副词 coldly);
(3) 动词与宾语错配:错说:I hear the flowers. 正确:I smell the flowers.(flowers 需搭配 “smell”,hear 表 “听”,不匹配)。
小练笔
选词填空。
see smell hear feel
1.I can _________ the green grass in the park. It’s so fresh.
2.The children _________ excited when they visit the farm.
3.My grandma _________ the flowers every morning. They smell sweet.
4.Listen! Can you _________ the sheep calling? They want to eat.
5.We _________ cool when the wind blows on the grassland.
6.At night, we can _________ the stars in the sky. They’re bright.
点
拨
1.see 解析:“绿色的草” 是视觉能看到的事物,感官动词 “see” 后接名词。
2.feel 解析:“excited(兴奋的)” 是情绪形容词,感官动词 “feel” 后接形容词。
3.smells 解析:“花” 是能闻到的事物,感官动词 “smell” 后接名词。
4.hear 解析:“羊叫” 是听觉能听到的声音,感官动词 “hear” 后接名词。
5.feel 解析:“cool(凉快的)” 是感官能感受到的状态,感官动词 “feel” 后接形容词。
6.see 解析:“星星” 是视觉能看到的事物,感官动词 “see” 后接名词。
Let’s 提建议的句型高频易错点03
课本中用 “Let’s 句型” 提议 “探索自然” 或 “制作自然相关物品”,核心规则:
· 结构 1:Let’s + 动词原形 + 内容(提议一起做),如:
Let’s go out and play after class.(我们课后出去玩吧。)
Let’s make a magic windmill.(我们做一个神奇的风车吧。);
· 结构 2:Let + 人称代词宾格(me/us/you)+ 动词原形(提议让某人做),如:
Let me help you feed the sheep.(让我帮你喂绵羊吧。)
易错点提示
(1) 后接 “to do”:错说:Let’s to make a windmill. 正确:Let’s make a windmill.(Let’s 后接动词原形,不用 to);
(2) 人称代词用主格:错说:Let we feed the pigs. 正确:Let us feed the pigs.(let 后接宾格 us,不用主格 we);
(3) 动词单三错误:错说:Let’s makes a trip plan. 正确:Let’s make a trip plan.(Let’s 后接原形 make,不用 makes)。
小练笔
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Let’s ______(make)a magic windmill together. It’s fun to feel the wind.
2.Let ______(we)feed the sheep with grass. They’re hungry on the farm.
3.It’s a nice night. Let’s ______(look)at the stars in the sky.
4.Let ______(he)help you collect eggs from the hens. He’s good at it.
5.Let’s ______(go)over the Yuanjiang River to Pu’er for a trip.
1.make 解析:Let’s 后接动词原形,“make a magic windmill”。
2.us 解析:let 后接人称代词宾格,“we” 的宾格是 “us”。
3.look 解析:Let’s 后接动词原形。
4.him 解析:let 后接人称代词宾格,“he” 的宾格是 “him”。
5.go 解析:Let’s 后接动词原形。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.There (be) some books and one pen on the desk.
2.Lily and Lucy are on (they) way to the library.
3.—Let’s (clean) the classroom. —OK.
4.There (be) any birds in the tree.
5.Chinese New Year is coming. We’re all (excite) about it.
2、 单项选择。
( )6.We ______ live without air.
A.can B.could C.cannot
( )7.Let me _______!
A.to see B.have C.see
( )8.I usually _______ TV with my parents, but now we _______ at the stars.
A.watch; look B.watch; are looking C.are watching; look
( )9.—Mom, I’m __________.
—Well, let’s go out and have some fun.
A.bore B.bored C.boring
( )10.—Today is Thursday. The film A Red Flower will be on (放映) tomorrow.
—I see. It will be on ____________. Let’s watch together.
A.Wednesday B.Thursday C.Friday
( )11.Tommy’s nose was red ______ he felt cold.
A.and B.but C.or
( )12.________ time they had yesterday!
A.How wonderful B.What wonderful C.What a wonderful
( )13.There _______ ice and snow in winter.
A.are B.is C.be
( )14.Ice can __________ water in summer.
A.become B.becomes C.becoming
( )15.We can't live __________ water or air.
A.with B.for C.without
3、 给下列问句选择合适的答语。A.Bad. It’s raining hard.
B.Everything is nature.
C. I often visit my grandparents.
D.He lives by the lake.
E. I live in the city.
( )16.What do you do on weekends?
( )17.What is nature?
( )18.How is the weather in Beijing?
( )19.Where do you live?
( )20.Where does your uncle live?
4、 阅读短文,选择合适的词,使短文通顺。
A job on the farm
I have a penpal. His name is Andy. He is a helpful boy. His uncle is a 21 (farm / farmer). On the weekend, Andy often 22 (go / goes) to his uncle’s farm. He milks the 23 (cow / dog) . He feeds(喂) the pig. It is always 24 (angry / hungry) and eats a lot. He collects(捡) the eggs. After finishing the 25 (two / three)jobs, he says 26 (goodbye / hello) to his uncle. His uncle thanks 27 (her / him). He 28 (gets / gives) Andy a basket of eggs. Andy has a 29 (sad / busy) day and goes 30 (home / school) happily.
5、 阅读理解。
以下是“新农人”王丹忙碌的一天
Hello, I’m Wang Dan. I am a new farmer. I grow vegetables and feed animals on the farm.
It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. I feed the chickens. At 7 o’clock, I cook breakfast with eggs. At 8 o’clock, I plant vegetable seeds. At 10 o’clock, I give the animals some water.
It’s 2:00 in the afternoon, I pick vegetables and collect (收集) eggs. I get them ready for sale (销售). At 4 o’clock, I go live (在线直播) on the Internet (互联网). I show my vegetables and eggs on the Internet for sale. I am busy but happy every day.
31.根据短文内容,为下列图片选择对应的时间。
32.据短文内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
( )(1) Wang Dan is a new farmer.
( )(2) She cooks lunch with eggs from the farm.
( )(3) She is busy but happy every day.
6、 根据短文内容选择正确答案,并将其字母编号写在括号内。
Three years ago, Jack came to live in Guangzhou, China with his parents. At that time, he lived in Australia and life was not the same at all.
When he was in Australia, Jack lived on a big farm in the countryside. Jack’s father didn’t grow any fruits or vegetables on the farm. Instead(取而代之), he grew lots of grass there. Because he had many cows and sheep on his farm. Every day, Jack had much work to do. He woke up at 5 a.m. and helped his father milk the cows. Then he cut the fresh grass, feed the cows, shear the sheep and put the wool(羊毛) into bags. Jack was a good helper for his parents. He was always busy but he never felt tired. He really enjoyed the life in the country.
But now Jack lives in Guangzhou, a big and modern city. He moved here because his father got a new job in Guangzhou. Jack goes to a big international(国际) school in Guangzhou. But he doesn’t like the life here. Every day he has to take a bus to school. On the bus, he can’t even get a seat because usually there are so many people. The bus is usually crowded and uncomfortable. The traffic is very heavy and there are so many cars on the streets. It is very noisy too. Sometimes he can’t go to sleep at night because of that. Jack is busy too, because he has so much homework. He felt tired and unhappy about his life in Guangzhou. He misses the busy life on the farm in Australia.
( )33.Jack lived ______ three years ago.
A.on a farm B.in a big city C.in China
( )34.Jack’s father grew lots of ______ on the farm.
A.fruits B.vegetables C.grass
( )35.The Chinese meaning of “shear the sheep” is ______.
A.挤羊奶 B.剪羊毛 C.数绵羊
( )36.Sometimes Jack can’t go to sleep at night because there are ______ on the streets.
A.so many cars B.so many people C.no trees
( )37.Jack doesn’t like taking the bus because the bus is ______.
A.clean B.uncomfortable C.quiet
参考答案
1.are
【详解】句意:书桌上有些书和一支钢笔。本题考查there be句型中的主谓一致(就近原则)。在there be句型中,be动词的单复数形式由最靠近它的名词决定。句中第一个名词是复数形式的“some books”,因此be动词需用复数形式“are”。虽然后面还有单数名词“one pen”,但根据就近原则,仍以第一个名词为准。故答案为are。
2.their
【详解】句意:莉莉和露西在去图书馆的路上。本题考查代词的所有格形式。括号中的they为主格代词,此处需用其形容词性物主代词their,修饰名词way,构成固定短语on one's way to...(在某人去……的路上)。故答案为their。
3.clean
【详解】句意:—我们打扫教室吧。—好的。本题考查动词的形式。Let’s后需接动词原形,表示建议一起做某事。括号中给出的动词是clean,需直接填入原形,在句中作谓语。故答案为clean。
4.aren’t
【详解】句意:树上没有鸟。本题考查there be句型和陈述句的否定形式。根据题干中any,可知句子是否定句,根据题干中birds,可知是复数,所以be动词要用are,are not可缩写为aren’t。故答案为aren’t。
5.excited
【详解】句意:新年就要到了。我们都很兴奋。本题考查固定搭配,be excited about对……感到兴奋,故答案为excited。
6.C
【详解】句意:没有空气我们活不了。can能;could能;cannot不能。根据常识可知,没有空气我们不能生活。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:让我看看吧!本题考查动词辨析和动词的形式,let me+动词原形,have有,是及物动词,后面加名词,故选C。
8.B
【详解】句意:我通常和父母一起看电视,但是现在我正在看星星。A动词原形;动词原形。B动词圆形;be动词+动词的现在分词。C. be动词+动词的现在分词;动词原形。根据usually通常,可知第一个空为一般现在时态,主语I是第一人称,动词用原形watch,排除C选项。第二个空,根据句意及now,可知句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构,故选B。
9.B
【详解】句意:—妈妈,我是________。—好,让我们出去玩吧。A使厌烦,动词;B觉得无聊的,形容词;C无聊的,形容词。该句是主系表结构,所以要填形容词,bored一般用来形容人,boring一般用来形容事物,故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:—今天是周四。电影《送你一朵红花》明天上映。—我明白了。它将在_____上映。让我们一起去看吧。Wednesday周三,Thursday周四,Friday周五,今天是周四,所以明天是周五。故选C。
11.A
【详解】句意:汤米的鼻子是红色的他感觉很冷。and和,表示并列的连词;but但是,表示转折的连词;or或者,表示选择的连词;根据句意,可知and符合题意,故选A。
12.C
【详解】题意为昨天他们玩得真开心啊!感叹句的构成为What+名词+主语+谓语+其他或者How+adv/adj+主语+谓语+其他,这里time是名词,而后面又有主语they故要选择what,而time的固定短语have a good time为玩得开心,需要不定冠词,故选C。
13.B
【详解】句意:在冬天有冰和雪。该句是there be句型,要体现临近原则,临近主语是第三人称单数,故系动词用is,故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意:在夏天冰能____水。A选项变成,动词原形,B选项变成,动词的第三人称单数,C选项变成,动词的现在分词,情态动词can后面接动词原形,A选项符合,故选A。
15.C
【详解】句意:没有水和空气我们不能生存。根据常识,我们应该用介词没有without,故选C。
16.C 17.B 18.A 19.E 20.D
【解析】16.句意:你周末做什么?答语回答具体做的事,C选项“我经常去看望我的祖父母。”句子匹配,故选C。
17.句意:什么是自然?答语回答有关自然的话题,B选项“一切都是自然。”句子匹配,故选B。
18.句意:北京的天气怎么样?答语回答天气状况,A选项“不太好。雨下得很大。”句子匹配,故选A。
19.句意:你住在哪里?答语用第一人称回答居住地点,E选项“我住在城市里。”句子匹配,故选E。
20.句意:你叔叔住在哪里?答语用第三人称回答居住地点,D选项“他住在湖边。”句子匹配,故选D。
21.farmer 22.goes 23.cow 24.hungry 25.three 26.goodbye 27.him 28.gives 29.busy 30.home
【导语】本文介绍了安迪在叔叔的农场帮助叔叔干活。
21.句意:他的叔叔是一个农民。该空缺少职业类名词,farm农场,farmer农民,故答案为farmer。
22.句意:在周末,安迪经常去他叔叔的农场。该句是一般现在时,主语Andy,第三人称单数做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes,故答案为goes。
23.句意:他挤牛奶。cow奶牛,dog狗,milk the cow挤牛奶。故答案为cow。
24.句意:它总是很饿并且吃很多。angry生气的,hungry饿的,根据后面提到吃很多,说明很饿,故答案为hungry。
25.句意:在完成三件工作后,他和他的叔叔道别。two二,three三,根据前文挤牛奶,喂猪,捡鸡蛋可知是三项工作,故答案为three。
26.句意:在完成三件工作后,他和他的叔叔道别。goodbye再见,hello你好,say goodbye to道别,故答案为goodbye。
27.句意:他的叔叔谢谢他。her她,him他,根据文章介绍可知Andy是男孩,故答案为him。
28.句意:他给安迪一篮子鸡蛋。gets得到,买,gives给。根据语境应该是给安迪鸡蛋,故答案为gives。
29.句意:安迪度过忙碌的一天并且开心地回家。sad悲伤的,busy忙碌的,Andy去农场做很多工作,应该是忙碌的busy。故答案为busy。
30.句意:安迪度过忙碌的一天并且开心地回家。home家,school学校。Andy忙了一天,最后开心地回家,故答案为home。
31.4 p.m.,7 a.m.,10 a.m.,2 p.m. 32. T F T
【导语】本文介绍了王丹的一天。
31.根据“It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. I feed the chickens.”,可知早上6点喂鸡;
根据“At 7 o’clock, I cook breakfast with eggs.”,可知早上7点用鸡蛋做早饭;
根据“At 8 o’clock, I plant vegetable seeds.”,可知早上8点种蔬菜种子;
根据“At 10 o’clock, I give the animals some water.”,可知上午10点喂动物水;
根据“It’s 2:00 in the afternoon, I pick vegetables and collect (收集) eggs.”,可知下午2点摘蔬菜和收集鸡蛋;
根据“At 4 o’clock, I go live (在线直播) on the Internet (互联网).”,可知下午4点网上直播。
故答案为4 p.m.,7 a.m.,10 a.m.,2 p.m.。
32.(1)句意:王丹是一位新农民。根据“Hello, I’m Wang Dan. I am a new farmer.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
(2)句意:她用农场的鸡蛋做午饭。根据“At 7 o’clock, I cook breakfast with eggs.”,可知她用农场的鸡蛋做早饭,故答案为F。
(3)句意:她每天很忙但很高兴。根据“I am busy but happy every day.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
33.A 34.C 35.B 36.A 37.B
【导语】本文是三年前杰克在农场的生活和三年后在广州城市的生活的对比,杰克更喜欢农场的生活。
33.句意:杰克三年前住在____。A在一个农场上。B在一个大城市。C在中国。根据“When he was in Australia, Jack lived on a big farm in the countryside.”可知三年前,杰克住在一个农场上。故选A。
34.句意:杰克的爸爸在农场上种____。A水果。B蔬菜。C草。根据“Instead(取而代之), he grew lots of grass there. ”可知杰克的爸爸在农场上种草,故选C。
35.句意:“shear the sheep”的汉语意思是____。根据“ shear the sheep and put the wool(羊毛) into bags. ”可知应该剪下羊毛,再装到袋子里,故选B。
36.句意:有时候,杰克晚上不能入睡,因为街道上有____。A如此多的车。B如此多的人。C没有树。根据“The traffic is very heavy and there are so many cars on the streets. It is very noisy too. Sometimes he can’t go to sleep at night because of that. ”可知杰克因为街道上车太多,太吵了,有时晚上不能入睡。故选A。
37.句意:杰克不喜欢乘坐公共汽车,因为公共汽车是___。A干净的,B不舒服的,C安静的。根据“The bus is usually crowded and uncomfortable. ”可知公共汽车通常是拥挤的并且不舒服的,故选B。
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