内容正文:
Unit 6 Survival
Period 1 Starting out & Understandingideas
教学设计
教学基本信息
单元名称
选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival
学科
英语
学段
高中
年级
高二第一学期
主要教材
书名:普通高中教科书·英语选择性必修第二册
出版社:外语教学与研究出版社 出版日期:2019年
课时安排
2课时(80min)
课型
阅读课
教学设计理念
本课时以“生存与共生”为核心,紧扣单元“Survival” 主题,聚焦“城市野生动物的生存现状”。通过“多场景生存情境激活—城市野生动物主题探究—共生理念升华” 的流程,引导学生在“自然与城市”的冲突与融合中,理解“生存不仅是个体适应,更是人与动物的相互依存”。教学中注重“双线并行”:一条线是语言学习(提取文本关键信息、梳理逻辑结构、运用主题词汇),另一条线是思维与价值观培养(辩证看待城市发展与动物生存的关系、树立共生意识)。结合图片、视频、文本等多元素材,让抽象的“生存”理念具象化,实现“语言能力提升”与“生态素养培养”的统一,呼应 “人与自然和谐共生”的时代主题。
教材分析
【What】城市野生动物的生存现状——野生动物因城市发展和气候变化被迫进入城市,部分动物通过适应城市环境获得生存优势,部分动物因无法适应面临危险,最终指向 “人与动物城市共生” 的核心观点;采用“现象—原因—利弊—适应—建议”的逻辑,以拟人化开篇(“犯罪现场” 描述)吸引读者,后续分点阐述野生动物进城的原因、城市对动物的利弊、动物的适应能力及人类的应对态度;含 “情境导入—预读预测—读中梳理—读后讨论— 迁移应用” 五类任务。
【Why】文本为 “议论性说明文”,训练学生 “抓取核心观点、梳理多维度信息、理解逻辑衔接” 的阅读能力;主题词汇(如 migration、adapt、habitats、survive 等)和 “原因 — 结果”“转折—递进” 句式,为 “描述生存现象、表达观点” 提供语言支持。引导学生辩证分析 “城市发展” 与“动物生存” 的矛盾,理解“适应” 与 “共生” 的生存智慧,培养批判性思维和系统思维。通过城市野生动物的生存困境与适应案例,让学生认识到人类活动对动物生存的影响,树立 “尊重生命、和谐共生” 的生态价值观。
【How】教材采用 “情境铺垫—主题聚焦—深度探究—理念升华” 的逻辑:先通过地震、丛林、南极等多场景生存情境激活“生存” 主题,再聚焦“城市野生动物” 这一具体场景,通过文本探究层层拆解核心问题,最后通过讨论与作业实现 “共生理念” 的迁移,符合 “从宽泛到具体、从认知到行动” 的学习规律。
学情分析
1. What I know
词汇方面:已掌握基础生存类词汇(如 survive、live、food、danger 等)和城市相关词汇(如 city、building、development 等),但对 “migration、adaptation、habitats” 等主题词汇接触较少。
语法方面:能理解简单的因果、转折句式,具备阅读“现象—原因—建议” 类文本的基础语法能力,但对“主题句匹配、多维度信息梳理” 的复杂阅读任务不够熟练。
背景知识方面:通过媒体了解过 “城市出现野生动物” 的新闻(如城市中的狐狸、鸟类),对 “地震、干旱” 等极端环境的生存困境有常识认知,但缺乏对 “城市野生动物生存原因、适应方式” 的系统了解。
2. What I want to know
学生可能希望明确:野生动物进入城市的具体原因;城市能为动物提供哪些生存优势;动物如何适应城市环境;人类应该如何与城市野生动物相处;城市发展与动物生存能否兼顾。
3. What I learned
主题内容方面:理解城市野生动物的生存现状与适应方式,树立“人与动物共生”的生存理念,能辩证看待城市发展与动物生存的关系。
语言知识方面:掌握主题词汇与文本逻辑梳理方法,能提取文本关键信息、梳理多维度观点,并用英语简单表达对“共生”的看法。
教学目标
1.语言能力
①掌握核心词汇(migration、adapt、habitats、survive、coexistence 等),能运用 “because of、however、as a result” 等句式描述生存现象与因果关系;
②能阅读议论性说明文,完成 “主题句匹配、段落总结、图表填充” 等任务,准确梳理 “野生动物进城原因、利弊、适应方式” 等关键信息。
2.学习能力
①掌握 “预读预测—读中梳理—读后思辨” 的阅读策略,提升对复杂文本的信息整合能力;
②能通过小组讨论、观点表达,培养“辩证分析问题、清晰表达看法”的能力。
3.文化意识
①了解不同国家城市野生动物的生存现状,认识到“生态保护”是全球共同话题,拓宽跨文化视野;
②理解“人与自然和谐共生”的文化内涵,尊重不同生命的生存权利,形成包容的生态文化态度。
4.思维品质
①提升逻辑思维,能梳理“城市发展—动物迁移—适应/危险—人类应对”的逻辑链,避免碎片化认知;
②培养批判性思维,能辩证评价“城市发展对动物生存的影响”,不片面肯定或否定城市发展,提出合理的共生建议。
教学重难点
教学重点
①理解文本核心内容:梳理野生动物进入城市的原因、城市对动物的利弊、动物的适应方式;
②掌握文本阅读策略:通过主题句匹配、段落总结、图表填充,梳理文本逻辑结构。
教学难点
①辩证分析“城市发展与动物生存”的关系:理解二者并非绝对对立,而是可以通过 “适应” 与 “包容” 实现共生;
②深层理解文本主旨:从“城市野生动物的生存” 上升到“人与动物、人与自然的相互依存”,体会 “survival” 的深层内涵。
教学资源
课件PPT,黑板、白板。
教学活动设计
教学过程
活动形式及步骤
活动意图
时间
学习理解
Activity 1 Lead in
What can you see in each picture?
What difficulties would people have surviving in these situations?
【答案】
Earthquake:
people would find it difficult to stay safe, or to receive supplies.
Power, the road and communications may be cut off by the earthquake.
There may be misinformation and panic.
disease outbreak:
quarantine(隔离期),
shortage of hospital services
panic-buying of essential medicines, food or other supplies.
Jungle
be difficult to travel and navigate.
be difficult to find water and food.
Wild animals and venomous(分泌毒液的) insects are also potential problems.
Shipwreck
face the immediate dangers of drowning
Those who do escape on a lifeboat need to ration their food and water, and hope for rescue team’s timely arrival.
Space
They face danger from extreme temperatures, low pressures and radiation.
They must carry everything they need with them, even air.
The lack of gravity; risks losing bone and muscle mass.
drought/water shortage
people and animals face death within a short period of time.
drought causes crop failure, so people would face food shortage
Severe food shortages can cause famine, migration, collapse of social order and war.
Watch the video and answer the questions:
1. Where do people in the video live?
2.What difficulties do they face? How do they overcome those difficulties?
Living and Working in __________
Difficulties
Solutions
\
\
\
【答案】
Living and Working in ____Antarctica______
Difficulties
Solutions
Extreme weather
Wearing special clothes
Rapid change of weather conditions
Carrying a survival bag
The unusually long days & nights
\
No fresh food (e.g. impossible to grow fresh produce)
\
Loneliness
A variety of activities
Lack of personal space
\
What part of the life there would be most challenging for you? Why?
●多场景生存情境激活 “survival” 主题,让学生初步感知 “生存需要应对不同挑战”,为后续文本探究铺垫
视频素材增加直观性,南极场景的 “人类适应极端环境” 与后续 “动物适应城市环境” 形成呼应,自然过渡到核心主题。
15min
Activity 2 Pre-reading
Look at the pictures (P62) and answer the questions.
①Where would you normally expect to find them?
②Would you be surprised to see these animals in a city? Why or why not?
③What problems could they encounter in cities?
【答案】
①The wild are expected to be in the wild.
②Yeah, it is not common to see them in a city. Not surprised at all, after all, the environment has improved a lot these years.
③They may have difficulties finding food, shelter and mates. If people find them, they may be trapped or killed.
Look at the title of the passage and the picture. Think about what the title means.
【答案】
The title means the wild animals within the cities.
●图片提问激活学生对 “城市野生动物” 的已有认知,制造 “自然动物与城市环境” 的认知冲突,激发阅读兴趣;
标题预测帮助学生明确文本核心方向,让后续阅读更具针对性。
8min
Activity 3 While-reading
Choose the topic sentences for Paragraphs 2–5 and write them on the lines to complete the passage.
Use one word or two words to summarize each paragraph.
wildlife _______ cities
Para.1
____ for entering cities
Para.2
The _____ of living in cities
Para.3
Wild
Withinanimals’ _____ to cities
Para.44
Para.54
__ towards urban animals
Para.64
【答案】____ for some animals
taking over/entering;reasons;benefits;adaption
;dangers;suggestions
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram(Ex4).
①What figure of speech is used in the first paragraph? Why does the author choose to start the passage this way?
【答案】
Personification,which makes the description more vivid so that it can attract readers’ attention.
②Reasons for migration:
Urban development and climate change push the animal
1______________________________.
2
【答案】
out of their natural habitats;We humans moved into their territory...they have no choice but to move in with us.
③Benefits of cities for animals:
Appealing spaces as habitats.
3.
4.
【答案】
Out of reach from many of their natural predators,
these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives;Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we throw away.
④Animals’ adaption to cities
Urban animals are more 5
6.
【答案】
intelligent than their wild cousins.Some animals have even changed their living habitats to fit in with their new homes.
⑤Dangers for some animals
7.
8.
【答案】
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows.
Some birds have yet to change their migratory routes that take them through cities with high-rise buildings.
We should learn to better understand and appreciate our wild neighbours,and 9 .
【答案】
look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
Activity 4 Post-reading
How would you describe the relationship between people and urban animals in the passage?
【答案】
A balanced relationship. People live in the cities and some animals also see them as habitats. A harmonious relationship. People and animals can get what they need from the cities.
Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild animals. Do you agree with this? Give your reasons.
I totally agree with this idea, because...
聚焦文本逻辑,帮助学生掌握“主题句—段落主旨” 的衔接关系,突破 “梳理复杂文本结构” 的难点
通过图表整合多维度信息,让 “原因—利弊—适应 — 建议” 的逻辑链更清晰,落实教学重点
关注文本表达技巧,提升学生对文学性表达的理解能力。
讨论与辩论活动,让学生将文本认知转化为个人观点,培养批判性思维和表达能力
30min
12min
应用实践
Activity 5 Summary
●聚焦核心问题,帮助学生系统化梳理“生存=相互依存+共生” 的核心理念,避免碎片化认知
5min
Activity 4 Assessment
●量化评价标准,引导学生主动反思学习漏洞,为后续复习指明方向。
5min
迁移创新
作业内容
作业设计意图
5min
本节课作业二选一,为分层作业,难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业一,基础较好的同学可以选择作业二。
1.Write a 100-word short passage about one kind of urban animal, introducing its adaptations to city life.
2.List 3 possible ways to help reduce dangers that cities bring to non-adaptable wild animals.
●必做作业巩固 “动物适应城市” 的核心知识,强化语言运用能力;选做作业引导学生从 “认知” 走向 “行动”,落实 “共生” 理念,实现迁移创新。
板书设计
选择性必修二Unit 6 Survival
Starting out & Understandingideas
教学反思
优点:
①主题导入多元有效:通过多生存场景图片和南极视频,从“人类生存”自然过渡到“动物生存”,激活主题的同时,让学生直观理解“适应”对生存的重要性;
②文本梳理层层递进:从“主题句匹配”到“段落总结”再到“图表填充”,逐步拆解文本逻辑,帮助学生系统掌握多维度信息,有效突破“复杂文本梳理”的难点;
③价值观渗透自然:通过文本探究、讨论辩论、理念升华等环节,让“共生”理念自然融入,避免生硬说教,实现“语言学习”与“价值观培养”的有机结合。
缺点:
①时间分配略显紧张:Activity 3(文本梳理)涉及多个子任务,部分基础较弱学生在“主题句匹配”和“图表填充”环节耗时较长,导致后续辩论环节未能充分展开;
②个体差异关注不足:辩论和讨论环节中,部分性格内向或基础较弱的学生参与度较低,未能获得充分的表达机会和针对性指导。
改进:
① 优化时间分配:将“主题句匹配” 作为课前预习任务,课堂聚焦“图表填充” 和“深层提问”,为辩论环节预留更充足时间;
② 增设“小组分工”:讨论和辩论环节中,为每组设置“记录员、发言人、补充员” 等角色,确保每位学生都有参与机会,教师重点关注基础较弱学生的表达,及时给予引导。
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