Unit 4 Inventions 过关训练-【教与学·学导练】2025-2026学年八年级上册英语同步课件（沪教版·新教材）

英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Unit 4 过关训练 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 第一部分 选择题(共50分) Ⅰ. 完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题，每小题1分) 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Beep！Beep！Beep！The barcode (条形码) technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. You can 1 the black-and-white barcode on every product packaging (外包装).  (　 　)1. A. compare B. order C. find D. sell C 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 On a Sunday afternoon in 1971，an engineer，George Laurer，　2　 a code that could be printed on food packages. Many companies started to 　3　 the code in 1973. Time has proved(证明) it to be a(n) 　4　 invention. Today，barcodes are used over 6 million times every day. (　 　)2. A. challenged B. created C. controlled D. depended (　 　)3. A. play a role in B. take care of C. keep in touch with D. make use of (　 　)4. A. useful B. helpless C. expensive D. tiny B D A 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 What 　5　 does a barcode can tell？　6　，it tells a lot of information：where the product comes from，its price，production date and so on. It can also help record the 　 7 of products. For example，if there are 10 boxes of (　 　)5. A. invention B. information C. operation D. instruction (　 　)6. A. Finally B. Quickly C. Actually D. Suddenly (　 　)7. A. kind B. number C. weight D. price B C B 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 milk and a customer 　8　 one，it will be recorded. So the store owner knows there are nine boxes left. In the 1980s，libraries started using barcodes to keep records of their 　9　.  The next generation of barcodes，such as QR codes，can tell 　10　 information. They can provide people with a greater level of trust in the products they buy.   (　 　)8. A. wins B. makes C. drinks D. buys (　 )9. A. students B. players C. books D. computers (　 )10. A. worse B. harder C. more D. less D C C 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Ⅱ. 阅读理解(40分) 第一节　阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Ma Junhe，a teenager from a middle school in Zhengzhou，recently made a telescope. The telescope，which only cost 70 yuan to make，helped him to see the craters (坑) on the moon. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 His interest in physics and the universe encouraged him to create this telescope. After learning about Newtonian Reflector Telescopes (牛顿式反射望远镜)in physics class，he decided to make one himself. He didn't have a lot of money so he had to be creative to find the materials. He bought lenses (镜头)online，and used recycled materials for the rest. “I used an old plastic pipe for the lens tube (镜筒)，and it was held by my drum stand，” Ma said. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Ma faced many challenges along the way. First，he used cardboard to make a lens cone (锥筒)，but it didn't work well. With his teacher's advice，he used a plastic pipe. Since the eyepiece was much smaller than the pipe's opening，he had to try many times to make sure it fit and could be set easily. After failing many times，Ma finally succeeded. His telescope has a magnification (放大率)of 90 times，allowing him to clearly see the moon's craters. This is more powerful than many commonly used telescopes，which usually magnify 20 to 50 times. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 “Seeing the moon's craters through my telescope made me feel so excited and proud，” said Ma. “With effort，even with little money，anyone can create something amazing.” 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)11. How did Ma Junhe get the materials for his telescope？ A. He got all the materials on the internet. B. He borrowed materials from his school lab. C. He bought all the materials in a supermarket. D. He bought lenses online and used recycled materials for the rest. D 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)12. What does Ma Junhe's telescope look like？ A　　　　　　B　　　　　　C　　　　　　D A 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)13. Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 5？ A. To show Ma's working time. B. To introduce the moon's craters. C. To study the history of telescopes. D. To prove the power of Ma's telescope. D 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)14. Which of the following can best describe Ma Junhe？ A. Creative. B. Brave. C. Honest. D. Caring. (　 　)15. What is the main idea of the text？ A. Ma Junhe has a love for the universe. B. Ma Junhe is interested in the moon's craters. C. Ma Junhe has overcome difficulties in physics study. D. Ma Junhe made a low-cost telescope to see the moon's craters. A D 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 B Over the last few centuries，there have been many changes in our lives. To start with，people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays，we have fast，comfortable vehicles，such as cars and high-speed trains. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Secondly，in the past，people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools that we have today. Today，most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and other machines. Thirdly，in the past，the living conditions were not as good as they are now. Many houses lacked basic facilities like bathrooms or running water. And many people could not buy things like fridges，TV sets or washing machines. Now，most families have several of these things. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Lastly，communication has become much easier than before. In the past，we kept in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes (传真)，but now we have many other ways to choose from，such as making a phone call，sending emails or messages and chatting online. Moreover，we can even see the people whom we are making a phone call with through mobile phones，and we can see each other while chatting online. The most surprising thing is that we can make a phone call with the astronauts (宇航员) and see them when they are in space. What a magical thing! 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 With the development of technology，especially the internet，our lives will become much easier and happier in the future. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)16. How was travelling by plane in the past？ A. It was uncomfortable. B. It was expensive. C. It was slow. D. It was impossible. (　 　)17. What does the underlined word “lacked” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A. Were full of. B. Were short of. C. Were careful about. D. Were popular with. B B 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)18. What is the most surprising thing according to Paragraph 5？ A. We can see each other while chatting online. B. We can make a phone call with the astronauts and see them when they are in space. C. We can even see the people whom we are making a phone call with through mobile phones. D. We can keep in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes. B 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)19. What do you think the writer will talk about next？ A. Life in the universe. B. Life in the future. C. Life in the past. D. Life on the Moon. B 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)20. What's the best title for this passage？ A. Great changes in our lives B. Good education in our lives C. Fast development of science D. Useful inventions in the past A 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 C Recently in a class in Tokyo，a robot teacher called Saya called out the names of students，and smiled at them. Her funny face made the students laugh. However，the inventor Hiroshi Kobayashi says the robot teacher isn't going to take the place of human teachers. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Unlike other robots without feelings，Saya has six feelings—surprise，fear，dislike，anger，happiness and sadness. She can also say simple words such as “thank you” and “sorry”. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 “Robots that look like humans have an important influence on children and older people，” Kobayashi said. Saya was first invented as a receptionist(接待员) robot in 2004. Later，she was tested in a real Tokyo classroom with many fifth and sixth grade students. “Although she just can do something like calling out names and shouting ‘Be quiet!'，the children had great fun，” Kobayashi said. “They were very happy when Saya called out their names.” 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Ronald C.Arkin，a scientist，said people should do more study on the interaction(互动)between humans and robots before people depend on robots too much. Kobayashi said，“Saya is just meant to help people，and we should not have too high hope for her ability. She has no thought and no ability to learn. She is just a tool.” 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)21. Who is Saya？ A.A woman teacher. B.A student. C.A robot teacher. D.A scientist. (　 　)22. Which feeling does Saya NOT have？ A.Surprise. B.Fear. C.Anger. D.Love. C D 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)23. Which one is TRUE according to the passage？ A.Saya was invented as a robot teacher in 2004. B.Saya was never tested in real classrooms. C.Saya can say several simple words. D.Children don't like Saya because she is only a robot. C 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)24. What does Ronald C.Arkin think of robots？ A.Humans can depend on robots for everything now. B.The interaction between humans and robots will always be good for humans. C.Humans should never depend on robots because they are not safe. D.More study on the interaction between humans and robots is still needed. D 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)25. What's the purpose of the passage？ A.To introduce a robot teacher to us. B.To show us that robots can be better than humans. C.To tell us the development of robots. D.To talk about the future of robots. A 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 第二节　阅读下面短文，并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整。(共5小题，每小题2分) A. This e-bike is also very “smart”. B. The e-bike has many advantages. C. So I'm very proud that we never gave up. D. The weight of this new e-bike is just 15 kg. E. This material makes it light and friendly to environment. F. It included many years of research，development and failures. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 E-bikes usually have a big problem—it is much heavier than common bikes. Recently，a Romanian company develops a new e-bike to solve this problem. 26. 　　 In fact，an adult can even lift it easily.  D　 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 The reason for the low weight is the choice of material，which is quite unusual. It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo. 27.　　 What's more，the bamboo frame also makes riding more comfortable，because it has good vibration damping (减振).  28.　　 Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike. So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone.    E　　 A　 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 The company manager said，“Creating the bikes was a hard journey.29.　　 To be honest，I really don't remember how many times we had to face the failures.”  The manager continued，“But in the end，we succeeded. We have created a bike that is light-weight enough，strong enough and smart enough.30.　　 And now we have successfully developed these bikes to meet the needs of more people in cities.” F　　 C　　 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 第三节　阅读下面六个发明的介绍，为五个人选出合适的发明，并将其标号填入题前括号内。(共5小题，每小题1.5分) A. “Best Gloves” are not just for wearing. They can help people with many things，such as moving a heavy bag or helping to perform a magic show. B. “My Pet” is an interesting phone app. It can turn your phone screen into the cartoon face of a cat or a dog. You can feed it by touching the screen. This pet can even talk with people. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 C. “Magic Glasses” are like a small computer. They have a 2 cm screen on the left side of your glasses. While wearing this kind of glasses，you can surf the internet，chat with your friends on social media and even take photos. D. “Button Shoes” can tie shoelaces (鞋带) themselves. You just need to press the button on the top of the shoe. They could help sports players when they are in competitions. E. “Magic Hands” can help you play a musical instrument. Tie them around your arm. Then they will help to move your fingers to play beautiful music. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 F. “Fast Helpers” are robots who can do some hard work for you. They have four wheels，so they can walk fast. They can carry things more than 20kg each time. 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)31. Lucas is a pet lover and he really hopes to raise a lovely pet one day. But his mother doesn't allow him to have a real pet at home. He feels sad. (　 　)32. Mary's new year's resolution is to win in the sports meeting this year. She runs very fast，but she is afraid to tie her shoelaces during the race. (　 　)33. Emily's new year's resolution is that she could play the piano well one day. She wants to join the school talent show to share beautiful music with more people. B D E 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 (　 　)34. James wants to invent something useful to help his father who is a food deliveryman. He is always on his way to sending food to other people. He doesn't have time to have a good rest. (　 　)35. Kate is a big fan of the newest technology. She would like to use the computer and the internet anywhere. But she thinks her desktop computer is too heavy to carry. F C 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 第二部分 非选择题(共25分) Ⅲ. 语法填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题，每小题1分) In ancient times，people used to pick fruit from the trees to survive. However，with the increasing population，there was not enough food to go around. Many people were hungry and they didn't know 36. 　　 to do. what 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Fu Xi，as the leader of his people，was responsible，hard-working and smart. He tried to think of ways to solve the problem. He 37. 　　 (notice)there were fish in the sea，which might be good for people to eat. But it was hard to catch them. One day，Fu Xi accidentally got 38. 　　 (inspire)from a spider web. He made a fishing net 39. 　　 vines(葡萄藤) to catch fish.  noticed inspiration with 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 When Fu Xi led 40. 　　 (he)people to the seaside，they saw a turtle. It was sent by the Dragon King，the god of rain，to warn them that they were not allowed to catch 41. 　　 (fish)with their hands. Fu Xi agreed and brought out his fishing net. He taught people 42. (throw)the net into the sea. Soon，they got 43.　　 number of fish and shrimps. Everyone was so happy 44. 　　 they showed thanks to Fu Xi.  his fish to throw a　 that 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 After that，more and 45. 　　 (many) people learned to make fishing nets and catch fish. There was enough food to eat for all thanks to Fu Xi，the inventor of the fishing net. more 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 Ⅳ. 书面表达(15分) 假设你们学校要开展一个科技节活动。你针对现在学生坐姿不正确以及玩电脑、看电视时间过长等情况，发明了一个特殊的椅子，请根据以下提示给同学们介绍你的发明。 内容包括： Material 看起来像普通椅子，由木材制成 Function (功能) 1. 座位和靠背都有传感器。当学生没有坐直时，椅子会提醒他注意 2. 坐在椅子上超过1小时，椅子会发出噪音，迫使学生起来活动一下 Advantage 1. …… 2. ……　　 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 注意： 1. 词数为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称； 4. 短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 参考词汇：传感器 sensor　靠背 the back of the chair　坐直 sit up straight Dear classmates， I am so glad to introduce my invention to you.____________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ special chair that is good for students'health. First of all，this kind of chair looks like an ordinary chair and is made of wood. There are two sensors in it. One is on the seat，and the other is on the back of the chair. When the student doesn't sit up straight，the chair will remind him. If he sits on the chair for over one hour，it will make a noise. It won't stop until the student stands up and leaves. It is a 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ This chair can help students develop a good sitting habit. At the same time，it can also remind students not to sit for too long，but to exercise properly. That's my invention. Thanks for your listening! 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 THANKS! 教与学 学导练 英语 八年级 上册 配上海教育版 $