内容正文:
八年级英语上册
Unit 6核心知识点
【重点单词】
(一)名词
designer(设计师)
she wants to be a fashion designer.(她想成为一名时装设计师。)
fireman(消防队员)
a fireman saved the child from the burning building.(一名消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了孩子。)
fashion(时装业;时尚)
fashion changes very quickly.(时尚变化非常快。)
musician(音乐家;乐师)
he is a talented musician.(他是一位有天赋的音乐家。)
athlete(运动员)
the athlete won a gold medal in the olympics.(这位运动员在奥运会上获得了一枚金牌。)
engineer(工程师;技师)
my father is an engineer.(我父亲是一名工程师。)
director(导演;主任;董事)
the director of the movie is very famous.(这部电影的导演非常有名。)
painter(画家;油漆匠)
the painter created a beautiful landscape painting.(这位画家创作了一幅美丽的山水画。)
literature(文学;文献)
we should read more classic literature.(我们应该多读经典文学作品。)
photography(照相术;摄影)
photography is his hobby.(摄影是他的爱好。)
actress(女演员)
she is a popular actress in china.(她是中国一位受欢迎的女演员。)
law(法律;法规)
we must obey the law.(我们必须遵守法律。)
health(健康 [新义 n. 状况])
good health is very important.(良好的健康非常重要。)
the health of the company is not good.(公司的状况不好。)
bath(洗澡;浴缸)
i take a bath every evening.(我每天晚上洗澡。)
bridge(桥 [新义 n. 纽带])
there is a bridge over the river.(河上有一座桥。)
music is a bridge between different cultures.(音乐是不同文化之间的纽带。)
photographer(摄影师;拍照者)
the photographer took many beautiful photos.(摄影师拍了很多漂亮的照片。)
paragraph(段;段落)
this paragraph is very important.(这一段非常重要。)
meaning(意义;含义)
what's the meaning of this word?(这个单词的意思是什么?)
businessman(商界人士;企业家)
he is a successful businessman.(他是一位成功的企业家。)
confidence(信心;信任)
she has confidence in her ability.(她对自己的能力有信心。)
ai(=artificial intelligence)(人工智能)
ai is changing our lives.(人工智能正在改变我们的生活。)
relationship(关系;联系)
we have a good relationship with our neighbors.(我们和邻居关系很好。)
(二)动词
miss(想念;错过)
i miss my family very much.(我非常想念我的家人。);he missed the early bus.(他错过了早班车。)
achieve((经过努力)达到;完成)
he achieved his goal of becoming a doctor.(他实现了成为一名医生的目标。)
introduce(介绍;引见;引进)
let me introduce my friend to you.(让我把我的朋友介绍给你。)
this country introduced new technology.(这个国家引进了新技术。)
fail(未能(做到);失败 [新义 n.(考试)不及格])
he failed to finish the work on time.(他没能按时完成工作。)
he got a fail in the math exam.(他数学考试不及格。)
(三)形容词
able(能够;有才能的)
he is able to speak three languages.(他能说三种语言。)
physical(身体的;物质的)
physical exercise is good for health.(体育锻炼对健康有好处。)
organized(有条理的;有组织的)
she is very organized in her work.(她工作很有条理。)
confident(自信的;肯定的)
he is confident that he can win the game.(他有信心能赢得比赛。)
possible(可能的;合理的)
it's possible to finish the work today.(今天有可能完成这项工作。)
energetic(精力充沛的;充满活力的)
he is always energetic in class.(他在课堂上总是精力充沛。)
(四)副词
healthily(健康地)
we should eat healthily every day.(我们应该每天健康饮食。)
wisely(聪明地;明智地)
he wisely decided to invest in that company.(他明智地决定投资那家公司。)
ahead(提前;在前面)
she finished the work ahead of time.(她提前完成了工作。)
he is ahead of us in the race.(他在比赛中跑在我们前面。)
(五)代词
yourself(你自己;您自己)
you should believe in yourself.(你应该相信你自己。)
(六)兼类词
classic(n. 经典作品;名著 adj. 最优秀的;古典的)
this is a classic novel.(这是一部经典小说。)
classical music is very beautiful.(古典音乐非常优美。)
stick(v.(stuck)粘贴;将…… 刺入 n. 枝条;棍)
stick the picture on the wall.(把图片贴在墙上。)
he picked up a stick in the forest.(他在森林里捡起一根枝条。)
design(v. 设计;计划 n. 设计;花纹)
she designs clothes for a living.(她以设计服装为生。)
the design of this building is unique.(这座建筑的设计很独特。)
final(adj. 最后的;最终的 n. 决赛)
this is the final exam.(这是期末考试。)
he played in the tennis final.(他参加了网球决赛。)
form(v.(使)形成;组成 n. 类型;形式;表格)
clouds form when water evaporates.(水蒸发时形成云。)
there are different forms of art.(有不同形式的艺术。)
【重点短语】
try one's best(尽最大努力)
we should try our best to help others.(我们应该尽最大努力帮助别人。)
make sure(确保;保证)
make sure you lock the door when you leave.(你离开时确保锁门。)
keep on doing sth.(继续做;反复做)
he keeps on practicing the piano every day.(他每天继续练习钢琴。)
stick to sth.(坚持;维持)
stick to your dream and you will succeed.(坚持你的梦想,你会成功的。)
put out(扑灭;把…… 摆好)
the firefighters put out the fire quickly.(消防队员很快扑灭了火。);put out the books on the shelf.(把书摆到书架上。)
last but not least(最后但同等重要的)
last but not least, we should thank our parents.(最后但同等重要的是,我们应该感谢我们的父母。)
take up(开始学;开始从事)
he took up painting when he was young.(他年轻时开始学绘画。)
be tired of(对…… 感到厌倦)
i am tired of this boring movie.(我对这部无聊的电影感到厌倦。)
draw to a close(即将结束;即将完成)
the meeting is drawing to a close.(会议即将结束。)
have (...) to do with sb./sth.(与…… 有关系)
this problem has nothing to do with me.(这个问题和我没关系。)
grow up(长大)
what do you want to be when you grow up?(你长大后想成为什么?)
work hard at...(努力做……)
she works hard at her studies.(她努力学习。)
take... lessons(上…… 课)
he takes piano lessons every week.(他每周上钢琴课。)
realize one's dream(实现某人的梦想)
he finally realized his dream of traveling around the world.(他最终实现了环游世界的梦想。)
make plans(制订计划)
we should make plans for our future.(我们应该为我们的未来制订计划。)
in the future(在将来)
i want to be a doctor in the future.(将来我想成为一名医生。)
take a hot bath(洗热水澡)
taking a hot bath can make you relaxed.(洗热水澡能让你放松。)
have no idea(不知道)
i have no idea where he is.(我不知道他在哪里。)
on saturday morning(在周六上午)
we are going to have a picnic on saturday morning.(我们周六上午要去野餐。)
set mini-goals(设定小目标)
setting mini-goals can help you achieve big goals.(设定小目标能帮助你实现大目标。)
achieve/keep/make a resolution(实现 / 坚定 / 下定决心)
he made a resolution to lose weight this year.(他下定决心今年要减肥。)
after all(毕竟)
he is a child after all.(他毕竟是个孩子。)
improve one's life(提升某人的生活)
reading can improve your life.(阅读能提升你的生活。)
physical health(身体健康)
we should pay attention to our physical health.(我们应该关注我们的身体健康。)
have... in common(与…… 有共同点)
they have a lot in common.(他们有很多共同点。)
too... to...(太…… 而不能……)
he is too young to go to school.(他太小了不能去上学。)
write down(写下)
write down your name on the paper.(把你的名字写在纸上。)
the meaning of...(…… 的含义)
do you know the meaning of this sentence?(你知道这个句子的含义吗?)
ahead of(在…… 前面)
she is ahead of the others in the competition.(她在比赛中领先于其他人。)
for the first time(第一次;首次;初次)
i visited beijing for the first time last year.(去年我第一次参观北京。)
final exam(期末考试)
we are busy preparing for the final exam.(我们正忙着准备期末考试。)
with great confidence(满怀信心地)
he spoke with great confidence.(他满怀信心地讲话。)
form good habits(养成好习惯)
forming good habits is important for us.(养成好习惯对我们很重要。)
get fitter(变得更健康)
he exercises every day to get fitter.(他每天锻炼以变得更健康。)
【重点句型】
—what do/does sb. want to be...? —sb. want(s) to be...
—what do you want to be in the future? —i want to be an engineer.(— 你将来想成为什么?— 我想成为一名工程师。)
— 疑问词 + be + sb. + going to do + 其他?—sb. be going to...
—how are you going to become a teacher? —i'm going to study education in college.(— 你打算怎样成为一名教师?— 我打算在大学里学习教育。)
keep on doing sth.
she keeps on learning english every day.(她每天继续学习英语。)
—be + 主语 + going to do + 其他?—yes, 主语 + be./no, 主语 + be not.
—are you going to travel this summer? —yes, i am.(— 今年夏天你打算去旅行吗?— 是的,我打算去。)
【重点语法】
(一)含 be going to 的一般将来时
一般将来时表示在将来某一个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示打算好在将来要去做的动作。一般将来时主要有两种表达形式:“will + 动词原形” 和 “be going to + 动词原形”。本单元主要介绍 “be going to + 动词原形”。
1、用法
表示主语的意图,即主语计划或打算要做的事情:
they are going to have a party next week.(他们下周打算举办一个派对。)
表示根据目前的迹象,推测某事很有可能会发生:
look at the dark clouds. it's going to rain.(看那些乌云。要下雨了。)
2、句式结构
肯定句:主语 + be 动词 + going to + 动词原形(+ 其他):
she is going to visit her grandparents tomorrow.(她明天打算去看望她的祖父母。)
否定句:主语 + be 动词 + not + going to + 动词原形(+ 其他):
he isn't going to play football this afternoon.(今天下午他不打算踢足球。)
一般疑问句:be 动词 + 主语 + going to + 动词原形(+ 其他)?
are you going to see a movie tonight?(你今晚打算去看电影吗?)
肯定回答:yes, 主语 + be 动词.
否定回答:no, 主语 + be 动词 + not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语 + going to + 动词原形(+ 其他)?
when are they going to leave?(他们打算什么时候离开?)
3、标志词
“tomorrow 一家”:如 tomorrow morning、at ten o'clock tomorrow 等。
we are going to have a meeting tomorrow morning.(我们明天上午要开一个会。)
“next 一家”:如 next month、next year 等。
she is going to move to a new house next month.(下个月她打算搬到一所新房子里。)
“this 一家”:如 this evening、this weekend 等。
they are going to watch a movie this evening.(他们今晚打算看一场电影。)
表示将来的词语或日期:如 soon、in the future、in a few days 等。
he is going to start his new job in a few days.(几天后他打算开始他的新工作。)
4、there be 句型的 be going to 形式
当 there be 句型与 be going to 连用时,构成 there is/are going to be 结构,意为 “将有……”,to 之后的 be 不能换成 have。
there is going to be a concert in the park next week.(下周公园里将有一场音乐会。)
(二)动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式的形式有两种:带 to 的不定式和不带 to 的不定式。动词不定式在句中没有人称和数的变化,其否定形式是直接在不定式符号 to 前加 not。动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
1、常见的接动词不定式作宾语的(短语)动词
want、afford、need、agree、learn、decide、choose、hope、offer、plan、expect、refuse、would like 等后接动词不定式结构作宾语:
i want to buy a new bike.(我想买一辆新自行车。)
she decided to go to college.(她决定去上大学。)
like、love、begin、start 等词既可以跟动词不定式,也可以跟动词 - ing 形式作宾语,在意义上差别不大:
i like to read books.(我喜欢读书。)
i like reading books.(我喜欢读书。)
2、forget、remember、try 等动词后既可跟动词不定式,也可跟动词 - ing 形式,但是意义明显不同:
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做);forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做):
i forgot to call him yesterday.(昨天我忘记给他打电话了。)
he forgot meeting me before.(他忘记以前见过我了。)
remember to do sth. 记着要做某事(未做);remember doing sth. 记着做过某事(已做):
remember to take your umbrella.(记着带上你的雨伞。)
i remember seeing her in the park.(我记得在公园里见过她。)
try to do sth. 尽力去做某事;try doing sth. 试着做某事:
she tries to finish her homework before dinner.(她尽力在晚饭前完成作业。)
he tried cooking a meal by himself and it turned out well.(他试着自己做饭,结果还不错。)
3、“疑问词 + 动词不定式” 结构作宾语
decide、show、know、tell、remember、forget、learn、find out 等词后可以接 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 结构作宾语。
please tell me where to buy this book.(请告诉我在哪里买这本书。)
she doesn't know when to start the project.(她不知道什么时候开始这个项目。)
4、it 作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语
有些动词不定式作宾语时,常用 it 作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,其句型结构为 “主语 + 谓语(find/think/feel/make/...) + it + 宾语补足语 + 动词不定式”。
i think it necessary to learn a foreign language.(我认为学习一门外语是有必要的。)
they made it easy for us to understand the lesson.(他们让我们很容易理解这节课。)
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