Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal 核心知识点精讲精练 2(Grammar)英语人教版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 感叹句 1. 感叹句的概念 感叹句是用来表示喜悦、惊讶、愤怒等强烈情感的句子，一般由what或how引导。 What a beautiful picture! How pretty the hat is! 2. what引导的感叹句 What引导的感叹句主要修饰名词或名词短语，有以下三种形式： (1) What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 (+ 主语+谓语)! What an interesting book (it is ) ! What a nice picture you’ve drawn ! (2) What + adj. + 可数名词复数 (+主语+谓语)! What + adj. + 可数名词复数 +其他部分! What wonderful presents (they are) ! What interesting books you’ve bought us ! (3) What + adj. + 不可数名词 +(主语+谓语)! What + adj. + 不可数名词 +其他部分! What nice weather (it is) ! What great fun playing with you ! 3. How引导的感叹句 How引导的感叹句则用来修饰形容词、副词或动词，有以下几种形式： (1) How + adj./adv. (+ 主语+谓语) ! How short a day is ! How quickly he runs ! (2) How +主语+谓语! How time flies ! 时间飞逝！ How you are working ! 你工作真卖力啊！ (3) How + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 (+ 主语+谓语)! How wonderful a plan you’ve made ! 4. what与how的判断 (1) 感叹句的最后一个词若是动词，则连同其前面的名词或代词一起是主谓部分。 再看主谓部分前面的词是否为名词，若是名词则选择what；若不是则选择how。 [典例分析] —________ delicious the mooncakes are! They’re my favorite. —Yes, they are made by my grandmother. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (2) 感叹句的最后一个词若不是动词，则省略了主谓部分。 看最后一个词是否为名词，若是名词则选择what；若不是则选择how。 [典例分析] —Shenzhou XIV carried three Chinese astronauts into space successfully. —Wow, ________ exciting news! We are so proud. A. what B. what a C. what an D. how (3) 注意事项： · 被修饰词是名词时，要判断名词时可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是复数名词或不可数名词，则前不加a/an。如果是可数名词单数形式，则要加a/an。 · 名词前有many,much,few,little表示“多/少”时，用how引导。 [典例分析] ________ beautiful bedroom it is! I really want to live here. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 5. 陈述句改感叹句 (1) 找到被感叹部分，若被感叹部分是(a/an)+adj.+n.，则选择用what引导，what置于句首，再加被感叹部分，其他部分照抄，末尾用感叹号。 He is a good boy. 被感叹部分为a good boy, 选择what引导 变为：What a good boy he is ! (2) 找到被感叹部分，若被感叹部分是adj. /adv.，则选择用how引导，how置于句首，再加被感叹部分，其他部分照抄，末尾用感叹号。 The flowers are beautiful. 被感叹部分为形容词beautiful，选择how引导 变为： How beautiful the flowers are ! [随学随练] 单项填空 1．What excellent leader Lucy is! A．a B．the C．/ D．an 2．—________ good day! Why not go for a walk? —That’s a good idea. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 3．—________ strange clothes Nancy is wearing! —So she is. I like the style of her clothes. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 4．________ pleasant weather it is! Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 5．— ________ wonderful the music is! — Yes, it makes me relaxed after a busy day. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 6．— ________ beautifully you make paper cuttings! — Thank you. I make them for the coming festival. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 7．—________ interesting books! —So they are! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 8．________ fun we had during the holiday! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 9．Look! ________ carefully Tim draws the picture! It looks beautiful! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 10．—________ fast our hometown is developing! —Yes, we are so proud to live in such a great place. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 用what，what a，what an和how填空 1. useful book it is! 2. wonderful movie it is! 3. bad the weather was yesterday! 4. clever the girl is! 5. excited Mary looked when she got good grades in school! 6. great building the Bird’s Nest is! 7. hard the work is! 8. nice sweaters they are! 9. strong the wind is! 10. important English competition they are taking part in! 可数名词与不可数名词 1. 可数名词 可数名词是表示可以计数的单个物体、人、想法等的名词。可数名词前可以直接加a/an或数词。 如：an orange 一个橙子；six oranges 六个橙子 a school 一个学校； some schools 一些学校 2. 不可数名词 (1) 不可数名词是表示通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体、气体等的物体的名词。不可数名词一般不与a/an连用，前面也不直接加数字。大部分不可数名词都是单数，没有复数形式。 (2) 不可数名词量的表达：表达不可数名词的数量，通常用“冠词/数词+计量词+of+不可数名词”的结构。 如：a piece of cake 一块蛋糕；two pieces of cake 两块蛋糕 a cup of tea一杯茶；two cups of tea两杯茶 two kilos of chicken 两千克鸡肉 3. 食材名词 烹饪中汇使用各种各样的食材，有些名词是可数的，有些则是不可数的。以下是一些常见食材与厨房用品： 分类 可数名词 不可数名词 Vegetables carrot, potato, onion, tomato,cucumber spinach(菠菜), broccoli(西蓝花) Fruit apple, pear, banana, lemon,orange, peach Drinks smoothie(果汁), milkshake(奶昔) milk, water, tea, coffee, juice Meat sausage beef, pork, bacon(培根), ham(火腿),duck, mutton, chicken Snacks cookie, biscuit, sandwich popcorn(爆米花) Kitchen items tablespoon, teaspoon, knife,fork, plate, glass, bowl, cup flour, sugar, oil, salt, vinegar(醋) [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My mom was carrying some ________ at that time. A．pieces of paper B．piece of paper C．pieces of papers D．pieces paper 2．They bought some ________ and fresh vegetables like ________ and tomatoes in the new supermarket. A．salt; pepper B．salt; peppers C．pepper; salt 3．It’s time to have lunch. I’d like to have some ________ and ________. A．chicken; vegetable B．chickens; vegetables C．chicken; vegetables D．chickens; vegetable 4．Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ________ and ________ on their pizza. A．tomatos, cheese B．tomatoes, cheeses C．tomatoes, cheese D．tomato, cheese 5．I’d like some ________ and a glass of milk for breakfast. A．potato B．egg C．bread D．tomato 6．I’m so hungry. I can eat ________. A．two bowl of rice B．two bowls of rices C．two bowls of rice 7．I have ________ for breakfast. A．bread and milk B．breads and milk C．bread and milks D．breads and milks 8．—How many ________ do you want, sir? —Two, please. A．glass of apple juices B．glass of apple juice C．glasses of apple juice D．glasses of apple juices 9．I like ________ very much and my mom often makes ________ salad for me. A．tomatoes; tomato B．tomato; tomato C．tomato; tomatoes D．tomatoes; tomatoes 10．Would you like to have some _________ for lunch? A．mutton B．egg C．apple D．tomato 用适当形式填空 1．My mother decides to make some (biscuit) for the kids. 2．This morning my father bought two kilos of (cheese). 3．If we keep throwing (rubbish) into the river, the water will be seriously polluted. 4．Mr. Li has some (experience) in protecting Jiangxi traditional cultures. 5．People can use (bamboo) to build a house. 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) ________ exciting experience it was to participate in the September 3rd military parade (九三阅兵) last weekend! A．What a B．What an C．How D．What (2) —Tom has got the first prize in the writing competition. —________ great progress he has made! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a (3) —_________ pretty goldfish! Are they yours? —Yes. I love watching them swim around. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a (4) ________ creative and hardworking the solar scientists are! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (5) I miss my friend very much. ________ I want to see him! A．How a B．How C．What D．What a (6) —Lucy, we will graduate in a week! We should keep in touch. —________! A．How time fly B．What time fly C．How time flies D．What time flies (7) —All of my classmates have passed the English test. —________ exciting news! A．What a B．What an C．How D．What (8) ________ important it is to develop a good study habit in our daily life! A．What B．What an C．How an D．How (9) ________ the artist mixes colors in this painting! It looks so natural and beautiful. A．How amazing B．What amazing C．How amazingly D．What amazingly (10) My grandfather has a farm. And there are many ________ on it. A．sheep B．rabbit C．chicken D．duck (11) Yang Ling has ________ meat. Helen has ________ eggs. A．much; a few B．much; a little C．many; a few (12) We need to buy some ________ and two ________ for the dinner party. A．beef; kilo of potatoes B．beefs; kilos of potato C．beefs; kilos of potatoes D．beef; kilos of potatoes (13) —Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. I’d like three ________ and some ________. A．pieces of breads, cheese B．pieces of breads, cheeses C．pieces of bread, cheese D．pieces of bread, cheeses (14) —________ cheese would you like? —Three pieces of________. A．How many; cheeses B．How many; cheese C．How much; cheeses D．How much; cheese (15) —How much butter does your mother need? —She needs ________. A．two butter B．two butters C．two teaspoons of butters D．two teaspoons of butter (16) —What did you have for lunch today?    —______ and something else. A．Four slice of chicken B．Four chicken slices C．Four chicken slice D．Four chickens 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空，或填写适当的词使语法正确并且句意完整。 (1) You can get lots of useful (信息) on the Internet if you use your computer in the right way. (2) Reading and singing are my (爱好). (3) We can eat bamboo (嫩芽); they are delicious. (4) Could you help me make some (剪纸)to decorate the room? (5) Few people can tell all the (差异) between the two photos. (6) There are some (类似) in our paintings—we both used bright colors and drew the rising sun. (7) They found a lot of (宝藏) in the ancient cave. (8) Love is like a tube of (胶水) that holds a family together. 3. 改写句子 (1) Wang Junfeng is studying hard.（改为感叹句）    Wang Junfeng is studying! (2) The students are listening to the teacher carefully. (改为感叹句) the students are listening to the teacher! (3) The living room is very messy. (改为感叹句) the living room is! (4) It’s dangerous to play with fire.（改为感叹句） it is to play with fire! (5) It is fun to learn how to cook tomato and egg soup. (改为感叹句) it is to learn how to cook tomato and egg soup! (6) They are beautiful flowers. (用what改为感叹句) (7) It is an amazing library. (变为感叹句) amazing library it is! (8) Mrs Wu gave us a nice music lesson today. (改为感叹句) nice music lesson Mrs Wu gave us today! 4. 补全句子 (1) 迈克是个多么善良的男孩啊！ Mike is! (2) 这些剪纸真是漂亮的艺术品啊！ works of art these paper cuttings are! (3) 多么糟糕的天气啊！ weather it is! / the weather is! (4) 雨下得真大啊！我们不得不取消这次野餐。 rain! We have to cancel the picnic. (5) 智能设备是多么神奇！ the smart devices are! (6) 太阳在闪亮地照耀着！ the sun is ! (7) 把土豆放入锅中煮，直到它们变软。 in a pot and boil them . (8) 红杉树有什么神奇之处？它是世界上最高的树之一。 What’s amazing about the redwood tree? It’s one of the in the world. (9) 我们应该尊重彼此的差异。 We respect . (10) 我体验了种植蔬菜和花的乐趣。 I experienced the joy of . (11) 在中国的北方，几乎每家都做饺子。 In northern China, almost every family . (12) 做爆米花，两勺黄油应该就够了。 To make popcorn, of butter should be enough. (13) 妈妈在做水果沙拉时通常把大的水果切成小片。 Mum usually when she makes fruit salad. (14) 眼含泪水，奶奶点了点头。 Grandma , her eyes. (15) 她还加了两勺盐，使粥的味道更好。 She also to make the porridge taste better. (16) 我想买一公斤牛肉和一块奶酪。 I’d like one of and a piece of . 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法选择 In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. 1 special day in the United States is Thanksgiving. In the US, this festival is always on the fourth Thursday in November, 2 in Canada it falls on the second Monday in October. Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food 3 the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life. Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate 4 with a big family meal. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird. To go with the turkey, people often 5 other things, such as gravy, cornbread, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin or apple pie. Here is one way 6 turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. First, mix together 7 bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours. When it is ready, place the turkey on a plate that is 8 than the turkey and cover it with gravy. Finally cut the turkey into thin pieces. Then, you 9 eat the delicious meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. 10 simple it is! Try to make it for your family! 1．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 2．A．or B．but C．so D．as 3．A．on B．at C．in D．by 4．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 5．A．prepare B．are preparing C．will prepare D．prepared 6．A．make B．making C．to make D．to making 7．A．any B．much C．little D．some 8．A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 9．A．must B．should C．can D．have to 10．A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 2. 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Why do so many people around the world love Chinese cooking? In China, cooking is a kind of art, just like music, dancing and 1 (paint). And different areas in China have 2 (they) special ways of cooking because of the differences in weather and geography. Traditional (传统的) Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to have a good body. If you 3 (feel) weak or tired, maybe you should eat yang food like beef. And you should eat yin food like tofu if you are always angry. Chinese believe people who eat a 4 (balance) diet should be healthier than those who only eat food that tastes good. There 5 (be) much more to Chinese food than just taste. Behind many 6 (dish) are traditions with different meanings. A Chinese food tradition is to eat long noodles 7 your birthday as a symbol (象征) of long life. Another traditional food yuanxiao or tangyuan, suggests that a family will always stay together. At the Spring Festival, people often eat more fish 8 it sounds like the word meaning “more than what you have now”. 9 north to south, east to west, people are sure 10 (find) some kinds of Chinese food to suit their taste and interest. 3. 阅读理解 Dear Allen, How’s it going? I’m in Beijing now, at Beijing International School. I’m in Class 2 with twelve other students. They’re from different countries. I’m living with a Chinese family. They are very friendly. They like to eat dumplings, noodles and rice. Now I’m very interested in cooking. Yesterday they taught me to make noodles with tomato soup—their favourite food. Now, let me tell you how to make them. First, cut up some green onions and two tomatoes. Turn on the gas cooker and heat about three teaspoons of oil in a pan. Put in the green onions, and then the tomatoes, mix them well with the oil and cook for about five minutes. Next pour two bowls of water into the pan and cook for about eight minutes. Then crack two eggs into a bowl, beat it up and pour it slowly into the pan. After one or two minutes, add one teaspoon of salt. Now the soup is OK. Finally, pour the soup over the noodles. It’s very delicious! Do you want to have a try? Write to me soon. Love, Paula 1．From the letter we know there are ________ students in Paula’s class. A．twelve B．thirteen C．fourteen D．fifteen 2．Paula needs ________ to make the tomato soup. A．green onions, tomatoes, eggs, oil, water and salt B．green onions, oil, tomatoes, eggs and yogurt C．green onions, tomatoes, relish, water and salt D．tomatoes, eggs, butter, oil and salt 3．The underlined phrase “gas cooker” probably means “________” in Chinese. A．搅拌机 B．平底锅 C．水龙头 D．煤气灶 4．It takes Paula ________ to make the tomato soup. A．an hour B．about five minutes C．about fifteen minutes D．less than ten minutes 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Dumplings are every Chinese family’s favourite food. B．Paula is studying in China now. C．Paula is very interested in cooking. D．Paula’s classmates are from different countries. 4. 任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Different Chinese festivals have their own special foods. Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings (汤圆) are the most popular. ※ Zongzi Zongzi is the typical food of the Dragon Boat Festival. On that day, people often make zongzi by hand. They put pork, red dates (红枣) and beans into sticky rice. There are boat races in Miluo River every year. Some old people put zongzi in Miluo River to honor (纪念) the ancient poet Qu Yuan. ※ Mooncakes Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon rises in the sky, mooncakes and fruits are laid out in the garden. All the family sit around a table, admire the bright and round moon, enjoy mooncakes, listen to the traditional folk stories and pray (祈祷) for the family’s happiness and peace. ※ Dumplings Dumplings are China’s traditional food and local snacks. They look like gold or silver (银) ingots (锭). They can be boiled, steamed (蒸) and pan-fried. It’s a traditional custom that family members make and eat dumplings on the Spring Festival. People always hide a coin (硬币) in one of the dumplings. The person who eats the dumpling with a coin is a lucky person. ※ Sweet dumplings Sweet dumplings are a must-have on the Lantern Festival. People always make sweet dumplings good-looking, just like small balls which give them a big smile. People usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles on this festival. 大多数人喜欢汤圆 because they remind people of many soft and sweet memories. No matter how far away they are from home, the food is like a bridge between family members. The taste of food means the taste of home. Chinese get a strong feeling that there is “no place like home”. 1．According to the passage, what are the most popular foods in Chinese festivals? 2．What do people always hide in one of the dumplings according to the passage? 3．What do people usually do on the Lantern Festival? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 5．请将文中划线句子翻译成中文。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 感叹句 1. 感叹句的概念 感叹句是用来表示喜悦、惊讶、愤怒等强烈情感的句子，一般由what或how引导。 What a beautiful picture! How pretty the hat is! 2. what引导的感叹句 What引导的感叹句主要修饰名词或名词短语，有以下三种形式： (1) What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 (+ 主语+谓语)! What an interesting book (it is ) ! What a nice picture you’ve drawn ! (2) What + adj. + 可数名词复数 (+主语+谓语)! What + adj. + 可数名词复数 +其他部分! What wonderful presents (they are) ! What interesting books you’ve bought us ! (3) What + adj. + 不可数名词 +(主语+谓语)! What + adj. + 不可数名词 +其他部分! What nice weather (it is) ! What great fun playing with you ! 3. How引导的感叹句 How引导的感叹句则用来修饰形容词、副词或动词，有以下几种形式： (1) How + adj./adv. (+ 主语+谓语) ! How short a day is ! How quickly he runs ! (2) How +主语+谓语! How time flies ! 时间飞逝！ How you are working ! 你工作真卖力啊！ (3) How + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 (+ 主语+谓语)! How wonderful a plan you’ve made ! 4. what与how的判断 (1) 感叹句的最后一个词若是动词，则连同其前面的名词或代词一起是主谓部分。 再看主谓部分前面的词是否为名词，若是名词则选择what；若不是则选择how。 [典例分析] —________ delicious the mooncakes are! They’re my favorite. —Yes, they are made by my grandmother. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——月饼真好吃！它们是我的最爱。——是的，它们是我奶奶做的。 考查感叹句的用法。the mooncakes are是主谓部分，剩余部分为delicious形容词，故用how引导。故选C。 (2) 感叹句的最后一个词若不是动词，则省略了主谓部分。 看最后一个词是否为名词，若是名词则选择what；若不是则选择how。 [典例分析] —Shenzhou XIV carried three Chinese astronauts into space successfully. —Wow, ________ exciting news! We are so proud. A. what B. what a C. what an D. how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——神舟十四号成功将三名中国宇航员送入太空。。——哇，多么令人兴奋的消息啊！我们非常自豪。 考查感叹句的用法。感叹句最后一个词不是动词，而是名词news。所以选择what，名词news是不可数名词，所以不加an。故选A。 (3) 注意事项： · 被修饰词是名词时，要判断名词时可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是复数名词或不可数名词，则前不加a/an。如果是可数名词单数形式，则要加a/an。 · 名词前有many,much,few,little表示“多/少”时，用how引导。 [典例分析] ________ beautiful bedroom it is! I really want to live here. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么漂亮的卧室啊！我真的很想住在这里。 考查感叹句的用法。句中it is是主谓部分，剩余部分有bedroom名词，所以用what引导。bedroom是可数名词单数形式，所以要加a或an且beautiful以辅音音素开头，故应用what a引导感叹句。故选B。 5. 陈述句改感叹句 (1) 找到被感叹部分，若被感叹部分是(a/an)+adj.+n.，则选择用what引导，what置于句首，再加被感叹部分，其他部分照抄，末尾用感叹号。 He is a good boy. 被感叹部分为a good boy, 选择what引导 变为：What a good boy he is ! (2) 找到被感叹部分，若被感叹部分是adj. /adv.，则选择用how引导，how置于句首，再加被感叹部分，其他部分照抄，末尾用感叹号。 The flowers are beautiful. 被感叹部分为形容词beautiful，选择how引导 变为： How beautiful the flowers are ! [随学随练] 单项填空 1．What excellent leader Lucy is! A．a B．the C．/ D．an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西是一位多么优秀的领导啊！ 考查感叹句结构。a一个，泛指，后跟辅音音素；the这个，特指；/零冠词；an一个，泛指，后跟元音音素。根据“What”可知，在What引导的感叹句中，当名词为可数名词单数时，需加不定冠词“a”或“an”。此处excellent以元音音素开头，故用an。故选D。 2．—________ good day! Why not go for a walk? —That’s a good idea. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多好的一天啊！为什么不去散步呢？——好主意。 考查感叹句的用法。What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数；What a+形容词+可数名词单数；How+形容词/副词；How a搭配错误。根据“day”可知，其为可数名词，应用“What a+形容词+可数名词单数”结构。故选B。 3．—________ strange clothes Nancy is wearing! —So she is. I like the style of her clothes. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——南希穿的衣服真奇怪！——确实是这样。我喜欢她衣服的款式。 考查感叹句。根据“... strange clothes Nancy is wearing!”可知，该句是感叹句，其结构为“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。句中“clothes”是名词复数形式，所以用“What”引导。故选A。 4．________ pleasant weather it is! Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么宜人的天气啊！我们出去享受阳光吧！ 考查感叹句。How多么，后接形容词或副词；What多么，后接名词或名词短语；What a多么，后接单数可数名词；What an多么，后接单数可数名词且单词以元音音素开头。根据句子结构可知，此处为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”的感叹句句式。故选B。 5．— ________ wonderful the music is! — Yes, it makes me relaxed after a busy day. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这音乐多么美妙啊！——是的，它使我在忙碌了一天之后放松下来。 考查感叹句。分析可知此处引出感叹句，感叹句的结构为“How+adj./adv+主谓”和“What+(a/an)+adj.+n.(s)+主谓”。wonderful“美妙的”为形容词，the music is为主谓，故选A。 6．— ________ beautifully you make paper cuttings! — Thank you. I make them for the coming festival. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你剪纸剪得多么漂亮啊！——谢谢。我是为即将到来的节日做的。 考查感叹句。 beautifully为副词，修饰动词make，符合How引导的感叹句结构，其结构为“How +副词+主语+谓语+其他”，故选C。 7．—________ interesting books! —So they are! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多么有趣的书啊！——它们确实是！ 考查感叹句。根据“...interesting books!”可知，中心词为复数名词books，应用What引导感叹句，其结构为“What+形容词+可数名词复数”。故选A。 8．________ fun we had during the holiday! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们假期里玩得多开心啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构为：“What+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。fun是不可数名词，用What引导。故选A。 9．Look! ________ carefully Tim draws the picture! It looks beautiful! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看！蒂姆画这幅画画得多仔细啊！它看起来很漂亮！ 考查感叹句。What引导的感叹句结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”；How引导的感叹句结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。分析句子结构可知，此句中心词“carefully”是副词，所以用How引导感叹句。故选B。 10．—________ fast our hometown is developing! —Yes, we are so proud to live in such a great place. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们的家乡发展得多快啊！——是的，我们很自豪能住在这样一个伟大的地方。 考查感叹句。本句修饰的中心词是副词“fast”，用“How+adv+主谓！”结构中，故选C。 用what，what a，what an和how填空 1. useful book it is! 2. wonderful movie it is! 3. bad the weather was yesterday! 4. clever the girl is! 5. excited Mary looked when she got good grades in school! 6. great building the Bird’s Nest is! 7. hard the work is! 8. nice sweaters they are! 9. strong the wind is! 10. important English competition they are taking part in! 【答案】 1．What a 2．What a 3．How 4．How 4．How 5．What a 6．How 7．What 8．How 9．What an 10．What a 【解析】 1．句意：它是一本多么有用的书啊！空处修饰名词短语useful book，useful以辅音音素开头，book是可数名词单数，用what a引导感叹句，结构为“What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填What a。 2．句意：它是一部多么精彩的电影啊！空处修饰名词短语wonderful movie，wonderful以辅音音素开头，movie是可数名词单数，用what a引导感叹句，结构为“What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填What a。 3．句意：昨天的天气多么糟糕啊！空处修饰形容词bad，用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填How。 4．句意：这个女孩多么聪明啊！空处修饰形容词clever，用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填How。 5．句意：玛丽在学校取得好成绩时看起来多么兴奋啊！空处修饰形容词excited，用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填How。 6．句意：鸟巢是一座多么伟大的建筑啊！空处修饰名词短语great building，great以辅音音素开头，building是可数名词单数，用what a引导感叹句，结构为“What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”故填What a。 7．句意：这项工作多么辛苦啊！空处修饰形容词hard，用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填How。 8．句意：它们是多么漂亮的毛衣啊！空处修饰名词短语nice sweaters，sweaters是可数名词复数，用问what引导感叹句，结构为“What  + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填What。 9．句意：风多么大啊！空处修饰形容词strong，用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填How。 10．句意：他们正在参加的英语比赛多么重要啊！空处修饰名词短语important English competition，important以元音音素开头，competition可数名词单数，用what a引导感叹句，结构为“What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。故填What an。 可数名词与不可数名词 1. 可数名词 可数名词是表示可以计数的单个物体、人、想法等的名词。可数名词前可以直接加a/an或数词。 如：an orange 一个橙子；six oranges 六个橙子 a school 一个学校； some schools 一些学校 2. 不可数名词 (1) 不可数名词是表示通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体、气体等的物体的名词。不可数名词一般不与a/an连用，前面也不直接加数字。大部分不可数名词都是单数，没有复数形式。 (2) 不可数名词量的表达：表达不可数名词的数量，通常用“冠词/数词+计量词+of+不可数名词”的结构。 如：a piece of cake 一块蛋糕；two pieces of cake 两块蛋糕 a cup of tea一杯茶；two cups of tea两杯茶 two kilos of chicken 两千克鸡肉 3. 食材名词 烹饪中汇使用各种各样的食材，有些名词是可数的，有些则是不可数的。以下是一些常见食材与厨房用品： 分类 可数名词 不可数名词 Vegetables carrot, potato, onion, tomato,cucumber spinach(菠菜), broccoli(西蓝花) Fruit apple, pear, banana, lemon,orange, peach Drinks smoothie(果汁), milkshake(奶昔) milk, water, tea, coffee, juice Meat sausage beef, pork, bacon(培根), ham(火腿),duck, mutton, chicken Snacks cookie, biscuit, sandwich popcorn(爆米花) Kitchen items tablespoon, teaspoon, knife,fork, plate, glass, bowl, cup flour, sugar, oil, salt, vinegar(醋) [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My mom was carrying some ________ at that time. A．pieces of paper B．piece of paper C．pieces of papers D．pieces paper 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈那时正拿着几张纸。 考查不可数名词数量的表达。paper纸，是不可数名词，故排除C项；piece片，张，是可数名词，前面有some修饰时，piece要用复数形式pieces，pieces of paper几张纸，符合题意。故选A。 2．They bought some ________ and fresh vegetables like ________ and tomatoes in the new supermarket. A．salt; pepper B．salt; peppers C．pepper; salt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们在新超市买了一些盐和像胡椒、西红柿这样的新鲜蔬菜。 考查名词。salt盐，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；pepper胡椒，作为“胡椒粉”讲时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，作为“青椒，红椒”讲时，是可数名词，有复数形式。第一个空指盐，用salt；第二个空指像青椒、西红柿这样的蔬菜，pepper作“青椒，红椒”讲时，是可数名词，此处要用复数形式peppers。故选B。 3．It’s time to have lunch. I’d like to have some ________ and ________. A．chicken; vegetable B．chickens; vegetables C．chicken; vegetables D．chickens; vegetable 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到吃午饭的时间了。我想吃一些鸡肉和蔬菜。 考查名词数量表达。chicken鸡肉，不可数名词；vegetable蔬菜，可数名词；chickens表述错误；vegetables名词复数。chicken作“鸡肉”讲时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；vegetable是可数名词，some后接可数名词复数形式。故选C。 4．Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ________ and ________ on their pizza. A．tomatos, cheese B．tomatoes, cheeses C．tomatoes, cheese D．tomato, cheese 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Mary和梅梅想要在她们的披萨上加蘑菇，西红柿和奶酪。 考查名词复数。tomatos拼写错误；cheese奶酪，不可数名词；tomatoes西红柿，可数名词复数形式；cheeses拼写错误；tomato西红柿，可数名词单数形式。根据“Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ...and...on their pizza.” 可知，此处表示想要蘑菇，西红柿和奶酪。“mushrooms”为复数，因此“西红柿”也需用复数形式tomatoes；“cheese”作为不可数名词，无复数形式。故选C。 5．I’d like some ________ and a glass of milk for breakfast. A．potato B．egg C．bread D．tomato 【答案】C 【详解】句意：早餐我想要一些面包和一杯牛奶。 考查名词辨析。potato土豆（可数名词）；egg鸡蛋（可数名词）；bread面包（不可数名词）；tomato西红柿（可数名词）。句中“some”后需接不可数名词或复数名词，而“bread”为不可数名词，且符合早餐搭配习惯。故选C。 6．I’m so hungry. I can eat ________. A．two bowl of rice B．two bowls of rices C．two bowls of rice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我好饿。我可以吃两碗饭。 考查名词的数。“bowl”是可数名词，表示两个时应用复数形式“bowls”；“rice”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故选C。 7．I have ________ for breakfast. A．bread and milk B．breads and milk C．bread and milks D．breads and milks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我早餐吃面包和牛奶。 考查名词的数。“bread”和“milk”在英语中都是不可数名词。不可数名词没有复数形式，不能在词尾加“s”。故选A。 8．—How many ________ do you want, sir? —Two, please. A．glass of apple juices B．glass of apple juice C．glasses of apple juice D．glasses of apple juices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想要几杯苹果汁，先生？——两杯。 考查名词的数。how many后接可数名词复数形式，排除A和B两项；apple juice意为 “苹果汁”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故选C。 9．I like ________ very much and my mom often makes ________ salad for me. A．tomatoes; tomato B．tomato; tomato C．tomato; tomatoes D．tomatoes; tomatoes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我非常喜欢西红柿，我妈妈经常给我做西红柿沙拉。 考查名词。根据“I like...very much”可知，我很喜欢西红柿，此处泛指一类事物，用复数形式tomatoes；根据“my mom often makes...salad”可知，此处表示制作西红柿沙拉，此时tomato作定语修饰“salad”，通常用单数形式。故选A。 10．Would you like to have some _________ for lunch? A．mutton B．egg C．apple D．tomato 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你午餐想吃些羊肉吗？ 考查名词的数。mutton羊肉，不可数名词；egg鸡蛋，单数；apple苹果，单数；tomato西红柿，单数。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故选A。 用适当形式填空 1．My mother decides to make some (biscuit) for the kids. 【答案】biscuits 【详解】句意：我妈妈决定给孩子们做一些饼干。根据“My mother decides to make some ...”可知，some后接可数名词复数，biscuit的复数形式为biscuits。故填biscuits。 2．This morning my father bought two kilos of (cheese). 【答案】cheese 【详解】句意：今天早上我爸爸买了两公斤奶酪。cheese“奶酪”是不可数名词。故填cheese。 3．If we keep throwing (rubbish) into the river, the water will be seriously polluted. 【答案】rubbish 【详解】句意：如果我们继续往河里扔垃圾，水将会被严重污染。rubbish“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填rubbish。 4．Mr. Li has some (experience) in protecting Jiangxi traditional cultures. 【答案】experience 【详解】句意：李先生在保护江西传统文化方面有一定的经验。experience作可数名词时，意为“经历”，作不可数名词时，意为“经验”。根据“Mr. Li has some...in protecting Jiangxi traditional cultures.”可知此处应为为不可数名词，表示“经验”。故填experience。 5．People can use (bamboo) to build a house. 【答案】bamboo/bamboos 【详解】句意：人们可以使用竹子建造房子。use后用名词作宾语，“竹子”bamboo，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，此处用不可数名词或可数名词复数。故填bamboo/bamboos。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) ________ exciting experience it was to participate in the September 3rd military parade (九三阅兵) last weekend! A．What a B．What an C．How D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周末参加九三阅兵是一次多么令人激动的经历啊！ 考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导，what后面跟名词，how后面跟形容词或副词。具体构成如下：（1）what + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！（2）what +形容词+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+主语+谓语！（3）how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词experience是可数名词单数形式，且exciting是元音音素开头的单词，所以用What an引导。故选B。 (2) —Tom has got the first prize in the writing competition. —________ great progress he has made! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆在写作比赛中得了第一名。——他取得了很大的进步啊！ 考查感叹句。此处是感叹句，根据“great progress he has made”可知，此处修饰的中心词progress是不可数名词，用“What +adj.+不可数名词+主谓！”句型表示。故选A。 (3) —_________ pretty goldfish! Are they yours? —Yes. I love watching them swim around. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多么漂亮的金鱼啊！它们是你的吗？——是的。我喜欢看它们游来游去。 考查感叹句。根据“pretty goldfish”可知，此处是名词短语，中心词是goldfish，是可数名词复数，用what引导感叹句，其结构是What+形容词+可数名词复数。故选B。 (4) ________ creative and hardworking the solar scientists are! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：太阳科学家们是多么有创造力和勤奋啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“... creative and hardworking the solar scientists are!”可知感叹句的中心词是形容词短语“creative and hardworking”，感叹句用“How+形容词+主谓”结构。故选C。 (5) I miss my friend very much. ________ I want to see him! A．How a B．How C．What D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我非常想念我的朋友。我多么想见到他！ 考查感叹句的用法。根据“I want to see him”是动词短语，需用“How”引导感叹句，强调程度，此处为“How+主语+谓语”的结构。故选B。 (6) —Lucy, we will graduate in a week! We should keep in touch. —________! A．How time fly B．What time fly C．How time flies D．What time flies 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——露西，我们还有一周就毕业了！我们应该保持联系。——时间过得真快！ 考查感叹句。此处“how”引导的感叹句结构是“how+主语+谓语”。how time flies表示“时间飞逝”，感叹时间过得快。故选C。 (7) —All of my classmates have passed the English test. —________ exciting news! A．What a B．What an C．How D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我所有的同学都通过了英语测试。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句中心词为不可数名词news，所以用what引导感叹句，结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选D。 (8) ________ important it is to develop a good study habit in our daily life! A．What B．What an C．How an D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我们的日常生活中，培养一个好的学习习惯是多么重要啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。根据“...important it is to develop a good study habit in our daily life!”可知，在这个句子中，中心词是形容词“important”，符合“How + 形容词/副词 + 其他成分！”的结构，所以用How引导感叹句，故选D。 (9) ________ the artist mixes colors in this painting! It looks so natural and beautiful. A．How amazing B．What amazing C．How amazingly D．What amazingly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位艺术家在这幅画中调色调得多么令人惊叹啊！它看起来如此自然和美丽。 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词amazingly，修饰谓语mixes，应用how引导感叹句，结构为“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。故选C。 (10) My grandfather has a farm. And there are many ________ on it. A．sheep B．rabbit C．chicken D．duck 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的祖父有一个农场。农场里许多绵羊。 考查名词的复数形式。sheep绵羊；rabbit兔子；chicken小鸡；duck鸭子。rabbit的复数形式是rabbits；sheep的复数形式与单数形式相同，还是sheep；chicken的复数形式为chickens；duck的复数形式是ducks。句中many表示“很多”，后接可数名词复数形式。故选A。 (11) Yang Ling has ________ meat. Helen has ________ eggs. A．much; a few B．much; a little C．many; a few 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杨玲吃许多肉。海伦吃一些鸡蛋。    考查不可数名词和可数名词的修饰词。much许多，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。meat是不可数名词，需用much修饰，eggs是可数名词复数，需用a few修饰。故选A。 (12) We need to buy some ________ and two ________ for the dinner party. A．beef; kilo of potatoes B．beefs; kilos of potato C．beefs; kilos of potatoes D．beef; kilos of potatoes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们需要为晚宴买些牛肉和两公斤土豆。 考查名词的数。beef牛肉，不可数名词；potato土豆，可数名词，复数是potatoes；kilo公斤，可数名词，复数是kilos。some后跟不可数名词beef；two后跟名词复数kilos，two kilos of potatoes为正确表达。故选D。 (13) —Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. I’d like three ________ and some ________. A．pieces of breads, cheese B．pieces of breads, cheeses C．pieces of bread, cheese D．pieces of bread, cheeses 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，玛丽。你想吃点什么吗？——是的，请。我饿了。我想要三片面包和一些奶酪。 考查不可数名词。bread“面包”，是不可数名词，不能加-s，排除AB选项；cheese“奶酪”，不可数名词，不能加-s。故选C。 (14) —________ cheese would you like? —Three pieces of________. A．How many; cheeses B．How many; cheese C．How much; cheeses D．How much; cheese 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想要多少奶酪？——3块奶酪。 how many+名词（复数），询问可数名词的量；how much+不可数名词，询问不可数名词的量。cheese不可数名词，奶酪。故选D。 (15) —How much butter does your mother need? —She needs ________. A．two butter B．two butters C．two teaspoons of butters D．two teaspoons of butter 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你母亲需要多少黄油?——她需要两茶匙黄油。 考查名词的数。butter黄油，不可数名词，可排除ABC两项；teaspoon茶匙，可数名词，表示数量借助名词teaspoon表示，two teaspoons of butter两茶匙黄油；故选D。 (16) —What did you have for lunch today?    —______ and something else. A．Four slice of chicken B．Four chicken slices C．Four chicken slice D．Four chickens 【答案】B 【详解】-今天中午你吃的什么？-四个鸡片和一些其他的。鸡肉不可数，所以用量词表示它的数量。四个鸡片：Four slices of chicken或Four chicken slices，故选B。 考点：考查不可数名词数量的表示。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空，或填写适当的词使语法正确并且句意完整。 (1) You can get lots of useful (信息) on the Internet if you use your computer in the right way. 【答案】information 【详解】句意：如果你以正确的方式使用电脑，你可以在互联网上获得许多有用的信息。根据汉语提示可知，“信息”对应的英文单词是information。information是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故填information。 (2) Reading and singing are my (爱好). 【答案】hobbies 【详解】句意：阅读和唱歌是我的爱好。根据汉语提示可知，hobby“爱好”，可数名词；根据“Reading and singing”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填hobbies。 (3) We can eat bamboo (嫩芽); they are delicious. 【答案】shoots 【详解】句意：我们可以吃竹笋；它们很好吃。shoot“幼苗，嫩芽，新枝”；bamboo shoot“竹笋”，是可数名词；根据“they are delicious”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填shoots。 (4) Could you help me make some (剪纸)to decorate the room? 【答案】paper cuttings 【详解】句意：你能帮我剪些剪纸来装饰房间吗？剪纸：paper cutting，some后加可数名词复数。故填paper cuttings。 (5) Few people can tell all the (差异) between the two photos. 【答案】differences 【详解】句意：很少有人能说出这两张照片之间的所有差异。根据“all the”可知，横线处需填名词复数形式，差异“difference”，名词，其复数形式为differences。故填differences。 (6) There are some (类似) in our paintings—we both used bright colors and drew the rising sun. 【答案】similarities 【详解】句意：我们的画作有一些相似之处——我们都使用了明亮的色彩，并且都画了初升的太阳。根据“There are some...in our paintings”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填similarities。 (7) They found a lot of (宝藏) in the ancient cave. 【答案】treasure 【详解】句意：他们在这个古老的洞穴里发现了很多宝藏。treasure“宝藏”，此处是不可数名词，故用原形，故填treasure。 (8) Love is like a tube of (胶水) that holds a family together. 【答案】glue 【详解】句意：爱就像一管胶水，把一个家庭粘在一起。glue“胶水”，不可数名词。故填(g)lue。 3. 改写句子 (1) Wang Junfeng is studying hard.（改为感叹句）    Wang Junfeng is studying! 【答案】 How hard 【详解】句意：王俊峰正在努力学习。感叹句中缺少了原句的“hard”，意为“努力地”，副词，感叹句用“How+副词+主语+谓语!”结构。故填How；hard。 (2) The students are listening to the teacher carefully. (改为感叹句) the students are listening to the teacher! 【答案】 How carefully 【详解】句意：学生们听老师讲课多么认真啊！根据原句和感叹句对比，carefully的含义未在感叹句中体现。原句中carefully是副词，所以用How引导感叹句，结构为“How+副词+主语+谓语！”。故填How；carefully。 (3) The living room is very messy. (改为感叹句) the living room is! 【答案】 How messy 【详解】句意：客厅很乱。感叹句有两种结构：1.What +(a/an)+adj.+n.+（主谓）. 2. How+adj./adv.+（主谓）。messy为形容词，故用how来感叹。故填How；messy。 (4) It’s dangerous to play with fire.（改为感叹句） it is to play with fire! 【答案】 How dangerous 【详解】句意：玩火很危险。感叹句需用“What”或“How”引导，句首单词首字母大写，此处核心是形容词“dangerous”，需用“How”引导，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”原句中“it is”为主谓部分，故填How；dangerous。 (5) It is fun to learn how to cook tomato and egg soup. (改为感叹句) it is to learn how to cook tomato and egg soup! 【答案】 What fun 【详解】句意：学习如何做西红柿鸡蛋汤很有趣。原句是“It is+adj.+to do sth.”的句型，改为感叹句可以用“What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”的结构，其中“fun”是不可数名词，用“what”引导，首字母大写。故填What；fun。 (6) They are beautiful flowers. (用what改为感叹句) 【答案】What beautiful flowers they are! 【详解】句意：多么漂亮的花啊！原句是陈述句，用what改为感叹句时，遵循“what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”的结构；此处“flowers”是可数名词复数，无需加a/an，形容词“beautiful”修饰“flowers”，主语“they”、谓语“are”，构成感叹句以强调花的漂亮。故填What beautiful flowers they are! (7) It is an amazing library. (变为感叹句) amazing library it is! 【答案】 What an 【详解】句意：它是一个很棒的图书馆。感叹句常用“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”结构。此句中心词是可数名词单数“library”，形容词“amazing”以元音音素开头，所以用“What an”引导感叹句，符合“What+an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”结构 。故填What；an。 (8) Mrs Wu gave us a nice music lesson today. (改为感叹句) nice music lesson Mrs Wu gave us today! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：吴老师今天给我们上了一堂很棒的音乐课。“nice music lesson”是形容词+可数名词单数 结构，因此选用结构What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！，nice为辅音音素开头的单词，用a。故填 What；a。 4. 补全句子 (1) 迈克是个多么善良的男孩啊！ Mike is! 【答案】 What a kind boy (2) 这些剪纸真是漂亮的艺术品啊！ works of art these paper cuttings are! 【答案】 What beautiful (3) 多么糟糕的天气啊！ weather it is! / the weather is! 【答案】 What bad How bad (4) 雨下得真大啊！我们不得不取消这次野餐。 rain! We have to cancel the picnic. 【答案】 What heavy (5) 智能设备是多么神奇！ the smart devices are! 【答案】 How amazing (6) 太阳在闪亮地照耀着！ the sun is ! 【答案】 How brightly shining (7) 把土豆放入锅中煮，直到它们变软。 in a pot and boil them . 【答案】 Put the potatoes until they are soft (8) 红杉树有什么神奇之处？它是世界上最高的树之一。 What’s amazing about the redwood tree? It’s one of the in the world. 【答案】 tallest trees (9) 我们应该尊重彼此的差异。 We respect . 【答案】 should each other’s differences (10) 我体验了种植蔬菜和花的乐趣。 I experienced the joy of . 【答案】planting vegetables and flowers (11) 在中国的北方，几乎每家都做饺子。 In northern China, almost every family . 【答案】makes dumplings (12) 做爆米花，两勺黄油应该就够了。 To make popcorn, of butter should be enough. 【答案】 two spoons (13) 妈妈在做水果沙拉时通常把大的水果切成小片。 Mum usually when she makes fruit salad. 【答案】 cuts large fruit into small pieces (14) 眼含泪水，奶奶点了点头。 Grandma , her eyes. 【答案】 nodded with tears in (15) 她还加了两勺盐，使粥的味道更好。 She also to make the porridge taste better. 【答案】added two spoons of salt (16) 我想买一公斤牛肉和一块奶酪。 I’d like one of and a piece of . 【答案】 to buy kilo beef cheese 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法选择 In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. 1 special day in the United States is Thanksgiving. In the US, this festival is always on the fourth Thursday in November, 2 in Canada it falls on the second Monday in October. Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food 3 the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life. Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate 4 with a big family meal. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird. To go with the turkey, people often 5 other things, such as gravy, cornbread, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin or apple pie. Here is one way 6 turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. First, mix together 7 bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours. When it is ready, place the turkey on a plate that is 8 than the turkey and cover it with gravy. Finally cut the turkey into thin pieces. Then, you 9 eat the delicious meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. 10 simple it is! Try to make it for your family! 1．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 2．A．or B．but C．so D．as 3．A．on B．at C．in D．by 4．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 5．A．prepare B．are preparing C．will prepare D．prepared 6．A．make B．making C．to make D．to making 7．A．any B．much C．little D．some 8．A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 9．A．must B．should C．can D．have to 10．A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了感恩节。 1．句意：感恩节是美国一个特殊的日子。 A用于辅音音素前；An用于元音音素前；The表示特指；/不填。此处是表示泛指，且special是以辅音音素开头，应用a修饰，故选A。 2．句意：在美国，这个节日总是在11月的第四个星期四，但在加拿大，它是在10月的第二个星期一。 or或者；but但是；so所以；as因为。分析句子可知，前后是转折关系，应用but连接，故选B。 3．句意：感恩节是一个感谢秋天的食物和人们生活中享受的其他美好事物的时刻。 on后加具体的某一天；at后加具体的时刻；in后加某年某月某季节；by通过。根据“the autumn ”可知是指季节，应用介词in，故选C。 4．句意：家庭视感恩节为团聚的时刻，通常以一顿丰盛的家庭大餐来庆祝。 it它；its它的；itself它自己；it’s它是。此处需要一个代词，代指感恩节，应用it，故选A。 5．句意：为了搭配火鸡，人们通常会准备其他的东西，比如肉汁、玉米面包、土豆泥、南瓜派或苹果派。 prepare准备，动词原形；are preparing现在进行时；will prepare一般将来时；prepared过去时。根据“often”可知句子是一般现在时，故选A。 6．句意：这是感恩节晚餐做火鸡的一种方法。 make制作；making动名词；to make动词不定式；to making此处to是介词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰way，故选C。 7．句意：首先，把一些面包片、洋葱、盐和胡椒粉混合在一起。 any一些，一般用于否定和疑问句；much许多，修饰不可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词；some一些，一般用于肯定句中。此句是肯定句，且pieces是可数名词复数，应用some，故选D。 8．句意：准备好后，把火鸡放在一个比火鸡大的盘子里，用肉汁覆盖它。 large大的；larger更大；largest最大；the largest最大。根据“than ”可知应用比较级，故选B。 9．句意：然后，你可以吃美味的肉和蔬菜，如胡萝卜和土豆。 must必须；should应该；can能够；have to不得不。根据“Then, you...eat the delicious meat”可知是指你可以吃美味的肉和蔬菜，故选C。 10．句意：多么简单啊！ What中心词为名词；What a中心词为可数名词；What an中心词为可数名词；How中心词为形容词/副词。simple是形容词，应用how，故选D。 2. 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Why do so many people around the world love Chinese cooking? In China, cooking is a kind of art, just like music, dancing and 1 (paint). And different areas in China have 2 (they) special ways of cooking because of the differences in weather and geography. Traditional (传统的) Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to have a good body. If you 3 (feel) weak or tired, maybe you should eat yang food like beef. And you should eat yin food like tofu if you are always angry. Chinese believe people who eat a 4 (balance) diet should be healthier than those who only eat food that tastes good. There 5 (be) much more to Chinese food than just taste. Behind many 6 (dish) are traditions with different meanings. A Chinese food tradition is to eat long noodles 7 your birthday as a symbol (象征) of long life. Another traditional food yuanxiao or tangyuan, suggests that a family will always stay together. At the Spring Festival, people often eat more fish 8 it sounds like the word meaning “more than what you have now”. 9 north to south, east to west, people are sure 10 (find) some kinds of Chinese food to suit their taste and interest. 【答案】 1．painting 2．their 3．feel 4．balanced 5．is 6．dishes 7．on 8．because 9．From 10．to find 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国烹饪的艺术性、阴阳平衡的饮食理念以及不同食物的文化象征意义。 1．句意：在中国，烹饪是一种艺术，就像音乐、舞蹈和绘画一样。and连接并列的名词，music、dancing是名词，paint的名词形式是painting。故填painting。 2．句意：由于天气和地理的差异，中国不同地区有它们独特的烹饪方式。修饰名词“special ways”，要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 3．句意：如果你感到虚弱或疲惫，也许你应该吃像牛肉这样的阳性食物。if引导的条件状语从句，主句含情态动词“should”，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形feel。故填feel。 4．句意：中国人认为吃均衡饮食的人应该比那些只吃味道好的食物的人更健康。修饰名词“diet”要用形容词，balance的形容词形式是balanced。故填balanced。 5．句意：中国食物远不止味道这么简单。there be句型，主语“much more”为不可数概念，be动词用单数“is”。故填is。 6．句意：在许多菜肴背后是有着不同含义的传统。many后接可数名词复数，dish的复数是dishes。故填dishes。 7．句意：中国的一个饮食传统是在你生日时吃长寿面，作为长寿的象征。“在生日时”用介词on，“on your birthday”是固定搭配。故填on。 8．句意：在春节，人们经常多吃鱼，因为它听起来像表示“富余”意思的字。前后是因果关系，用连词because连接。故填because。 9．句意：从北到南，从东到西，人们肯定能找到适合他们口味和兴趣的中国食物。“from...to...”是固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。故填From。 10．句意：从北到南，从东到西，人们肯定能找到适合他们口味和兴趣的中国食物。“be sure to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“一定会做某事”，需用不定式“to find”。故填to find。 3. 阅读理解 Dear Allen, How’s it going? I’m in Beijing now, at Beijing International School. I’m in Class 2 with twelve other students. They’re from different countries. I’m living with a Chinese family. They are very friendly. They like to eat dumplings, noodles and rice. Now I’m very interested in cooking. Yesterday they taught me to make noodles with tomato soup—their favourite food. Now, let me tell you how to make them. First, cut up some green onions and two tomatoes. Turn on the gas cooker and heat about three teaspoons of oil in a pan. Put in the green onions, and then the tomatoes, mix them well with the oil and cook for about five minutes. Next pour two bowls of water into the pan and cook for about eight minutes. Then crack two eggs into a bowl, beat it up and pour it slowly into the pan. After one or two minutes, add one teaspoon of salt. Now the soup is OK. Finally, pour the soup over the noodles. It’s very delicious! Do you want to have a try? Write to me soon. Love, Paula 1．From the letter we know there are ________ students in Paula’s class. A．twelve B．thirteen C．fourteen D．fifteen 2．Paula needs ________ to make the tomato soup. A．green onions, tomatoes, eggs, oil, water and salt B．green onions, oil, tomatoes, eggs and yogurt C．green onions, tomatoes, relish, water and salt D．tomatoes, eggs, butter, oil and salt 3．The underlined phrase “gas cooker” probably means “________” in Chinese. A．搅拌机 B．平底锅 C．水龙头 D．煤气灶 4．It takes Paula ________ to make the tomato soup. A．an hour B．about five minutes C．about fifteen minutes D．less than ten minutes 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Dumplings are every Chinese family’s favourite food. B．Paula is studying in China now. C．Paula is very interested in cooking. D．Paula’s classmates are from different countries. 【答案】B A D C A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一封Paula写给Allen的信，信中介绍了Paula在北京国际学校的学习生活，以及她与中国寄宿家庭一起生活，学习做面条和番茄汤的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据信中第一段“I’m in Class 2 with twelve other students.”可知，Paula的班级除了她之外还有12名学生，所以班级总人数是13人。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据信中第三段“First, cut up some green onions and two tomatoes. Turn on the gas cooker and heat about three teaspoons of oil in a pan. Put in the green onions, and then the tomatoes...Next pour two bowls of water into the pan...Then crack two eggs into a bowl...After one or two minutes, add one teaspoon of salt.”可知，制作番茄汤需要葱、西红柿、鸡蛋、油、水和盐。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据信中第三段“Turn on the gas cooker and heat about three teaspoons of oil in a pan.”可知，需要将锅中的油加热，结合常识可知，加热油需要用到煤气灶，所以“gas cooker”意为“煤气灶”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据信中第三段“...cook for about five minutes...cook for about eight minutes...After one or two minutes...”可知，制作番茄汤总共需要大约十五分钟。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据信中第二段“They like to eat dumplings, noodles and rice.”可知，Paula的寄宿家庭喜欢吃饺子、面条和米饭，但并未提及饺子是每个中国家庭最喜欢的食物，所以A项表述错误。故选A。 4. 任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Different Chinese festivals have their own special foods. Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings (汤圆) are the most popular. ※ Zongzi Zongzi is the typical food of the Dragon Boat Festival. On that day, people often make zongzi by hand. They put pork, red dates (红枣) and beans into sticky rice. There are boat races in Miluo River every year. Some old people put zongzi in Miluo River to honor (纪念) the ancient poet Qu Yuan. ※ Mooncakes Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon rises in the sky, mooncakes and fruits are laid out in the garden. All the family sit around a table, admire the bright and round moon, enjoy mooncakes, listen to the traditional folk stories and pray (祈祷) for the family’s happiness and peace. ※ Dumplings Dumplings are China’s traditional food and local snacks. They look like gold or silver (银) ingots (锭). They can be boiled, steamed (蒸) and pan-fried. It’s a traditional custom that family members make and eat dumplings on the Spring Festival. People always hide a coin (硬币) in one of the dumplings. The person who eats the dumpling with a coin is a lucky person. ※ Sweet dumplings Sweet dumplings are a must-have on the Lantern Festival. People always make sweet dumplings good-looking, just like small balls which give them a big smile. People usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles on this festival. 大多数人喜欢汤圆 because they remind people of many soft and sweet memories. No matter how far away they are from home, the food is like a bridge between family members. The taste of food means the taste of home. Chinese get a strong feeling that there is “no place like home”. 1．According to the passage, what are the most popular foods in Chinese festivals? 2．What do people always hide in one of the dumplings according to the passage? 3．What do people usually do on the Lantern Festival? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 5．请将文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings are the most popular. 2．People always hide a coin in one of the dumplings. 3．People usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles on the Lantern Festival. 4．Most people like sweet dumplings. 5．食物的味道意味着家的味道。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国不同节日中具有代表性的特色食物，包括粽子、月饼、饺子和汤圆，并描述了与这些食物相关的传统习俗和文化意义。 1．根据“Different Chinese festivals have their own special foods. Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings (汤圆) are the most popular.”可知，中国节日中最受欢迎的食物是饺子、月饼、粽子和汤圆。故填Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings are the most popular. 2．根据“People always hide a coin (硬币) in one of the dumplings.”可知，人们总是在其中一个饺子里藏一枚硬币。故填People always hide a coin in one of the dumplings. 3．根据“People usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles on this festival.”可知，人们通常在元宵节吃汤圆和猜灯谜。故填People usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles on the Lantern Festival. 4．大多数人：most people；喜欢：like；汤圆：sweet dumplings。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，most people作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；主语是复数，谓语动词用原形like；sweet dumplings作宾语。故填Most people like sweet dumplings. 5．The taste of food译为“食物的味道”；means“意味着、代表”；“the taste of home”译为“家的味道”。故填：食物的味道意味着家的味道。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $