Unit 2 Period 4 D Writing（分层作业）英语沪教版必修第二册

Unit 2 Roads to Education Period 4 D Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The government has invested heavily in the _______________(建设) of rural schools. 2. Online courses offer _______________(灵活的) learning opportunities for working adults. 3. She showed great _______________(决心) to finish her studies despite difficulties. 4. The new policy aims to promote _______________(平等的) access to education for all children. 5. Teachers play a _______________(至关重要的) role in shaping students' future. 6. We should _______________(珍惜) the educational resources provided by our school. 7. His _______________(志向) is to become a scientist who contributes to education reform. 8. The _______________(创新) of teaching methods has improved classroom efficiency. 9. Many students _______________(受益) from the after-school tutoring programs. 10. We need to _______________(克服) challenges in the process of pursuing knowledge. 2. 单项选择 1. — Why do you choose online education? — Because it allows me ______ my study time freely. A. arrange B. to arrange C. arranging D. arranged 2. The school has introduced new teaching tools ______ improve students' learning experience. A. in order to B. so that C. such as D. because of 3. It is important for us ______ the value of lifelong learning. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 4. Many poor students have received financial support ______ they can continue their studies. A. so B. so that C. because D. although 5. The teacher praised her for her ______ in solving the difficult problem. A. intelligent B. intelligence C. intelligently D. intellectually 6. Online courses ______ more and more popular among young people in recent years. A. become B. became C. have become D. will become 7. We should respect the choices of different ______ to education. A. roads B. ways C. methods D. approaches 8. She spent three years ______ her master's degree in education. A. pursuing B. to pursue C. pursue D. pursued 9. The education reform ______ great changes in our school since last year. A. brings B. brought C. has brought D. will bring 10. ______ hard she works, she never gives up her dream of becoming a teacher. A. No matter how B. No matter what C. Although D. Because 3. 句子翻译 1. 教育是改变人生的重要途径。 2. 我们应该充分利用现有的教育资源。 3. 他克服了许多困难才完成大学学业。 4. 在线教育让更多人有机会学习。 5. 教师的鼓励对学生的成长至关重要。 6. 不同的学生可能需要不同的教育方式。 7. 政府正在努力促进教育公平。 8. 终身学习已经成为一种普遍的理念。 9. 她的梦想是成为一名致力于教育创新的老师。 10. 只有通过努力学习，我们才能实现自己的目标。 1. 阅读理解 When we perceive other people, we seldom describe a person in cold and objective words. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly - perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Social scientist Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person: questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements). 1．The word “pinpoint” (in the 1st Para.) is closest in means to ______. A．appreciate B．activate C．identify D．influence 2．What do we learn from the first paragraph? A．People like to be described in cold, objective words. B．It is impossible to get inside of a person. C．It is difficult to describe a person in words. D．Getting to know a person is usually no easy job. 3．It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ______. A．people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B．the best way to know a person is by making comparisons C．in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly D．face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person 4．The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ______. A．discuss the various aspects of getting to know people B．provide ways of how to obtain information about people C．warn readers of the negative side of people’s characters D．give advice on appropriate behaviors for social occasions 2. 语法填空 Throughout the pandemic, we 1 (bury) in bad news, just dragging ourselves through the days. If we took a risk, it was often so ordinary: going to the grocery store, socializing with another human being in person. We spent so much cognitive energy trying to stay safe and keep up with events 2 we had little left to pursue the types of big, frightening-yet-exciting adventures that expand our lives. Now, it’s about time that we pushed ourselves outside of our comfort zone. Adventures expand our world by allowing us to engage with our self and others in a new way. Research shows that novelty activates our dopamine (多巴胺) system, which enhances our mood and positive outlook. New situations, especially ones that seem dangerous, also force us to confront our fear. This can boost our mood by making us feel 3 (stressed). You don’t have to free solo Yosemite’s El Capitan to reap benefits. Any adventure 4 you stretch yourself and learn something new counts. For some, it may be jumping out of a plane or scuba diving in Iceland. For others, trying a different workout or going out to dinner at a new place might do the trick. Ready for your adventure? Here’s some advice. Start small. The risks you’re up for now 5 look different from the ones you took before the pandemic. That’s OK. 6 manageable activity you choose to do this weekend will break your laziness, build your confidence, and help you pursue bigger adventures. Shift 7 you view anxiety. Research from Harvard University shows that people who interpreted their nervousness about activities such as karaoke singing and public speaking 8 excitement enjoyed the experiences more and performed better than 9 who tried to suppress their anxiety. This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset. Tap into regret. It can be very motivating. Think about whether you’ll feel disappointed if you miss out on this interesting, expansive experience or glad you stayed home. “We tend 10 (regret) actions we don’t take rather than ones we do,” says Boardman, a psychologist. “So the fear of missing out can help you.” 书面表达 假定你是李华，最近有不少同学每天中午都用快餐作为午餐，你认为这不是个好习惯。请你给学校英文报编辑John写一封英语短信，就此事谈谈你的想法，要点包括： 1. 午餐吃快餐的坏处； 2. 你的想法和建议等。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Roads to Education Period 4 D Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The government has invested heavily in the _______________(建设) of rural schools. 2. Online courses offer _______________(灵活的) learning opportunities for working adults. 3. She showed great _______________(决心) to finish her studies despite difficulties. 4. The new policy aims to promote _______________(平等的) access to education for all children. 5. Teachers play a _______________(至关重要的) role in shaping students' future. 6. We should _______________(珍惜) the educational resources provided by our school. 7. His _______________(志向) is to become a scientist who contributes to education reform. 8. The _______________(创新) of teaching methods has improved classroom efficiency. 9. Many students _______________(受益) from the after-school tutoring programs. 10. We need to _______________(克服) challenges in the process of pursuing knowledge. 答案：construction flexible determination equal vital appreciate ambition innovation benefit overcome 2. 单项选择 1. — Why do you choose online education? — Because it allows me ______ my study time freely. A. arrange B. to arrange C. arranging D. arranged 2. The school has introduced new teaching tools ______ improve students' learning experience. A. in order to B. so that C. such as D. because of 3. It is important for us ______ the value of lifelong learning. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 4. Many poor students have received financial support ______ they can continue their studies. A. so B. so that C. because D. although 5. The teacher praised her for her ______ in solving the difficult problem. A. intelligent B. intelligence C. intelligently D. intellectually 6. Online courses ______ more and more popular among young people in recent years. A. become B. became C. have become D. will become 7. We should respect the choices of different ______ to education. A. roads B. ways C. methods D. approaches 8. She spent three years ______ her master's degree in education. A. pursuing B. to pursue C. pursue D. pursued 9. The education reform ______ great changes in our school since last year. A. brings B. brought C. has brought D. will bring 10. ______ hard she works, she never gives up her dream of becoming a teacher. A. No matter how B. No matter what C. Although D. Because 答案： 1. 选B：allow sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，“允许某人做某事”，故选不定式结构。 2. 选A：in order to 后接动词原形表目的，so that 后接从句，such as 表举例，because of 接名词短语，此处表目的，故选A。 3. 选C：It is important for sb. to do sth. 为固定句型，“对某人来说做某事很重要”，it 为形式主语，真正主语为不定式。 4. 选B：so that 引导目的状语从句，“以便于”，符合“获得资助以继续学业”的逻辑；so 表结果，because 表原因，although 表让步，故选B。 5. 选B：形容词性物主代词 her 后需接名词，intelligence 为名词“智慧”，intelligent 为形容词，intelligently 为副词，故选B。 6. 选C：in recent years 为现在完成时的标志词，强调动作从过去持续到现在，故选 have become。 7. 选D：approach to sth. 为固定搭配“……的方法/途径”，road/way 后接 to do，method 后接 of doing，故选D。 8. 选A：spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配“花费时间做某事”，故选现在分词 pursuing。 9. 选C：since last year 为现在完成时的标志词，强调动作对现在的影响，故选 has brought。 10. 选A：no matter how 后接形容词/副词，引导让步状语从句“无论多么……”；no matter what 后接名词，故选A。 3. 句子翻译 1. 教育是改变人生的重要途径。 2. 我们应该充分利用现有的教育资源。 3. 他克服了许多困难才完成大学学业。 4. 在线教育让更多人有机会学习。 5. 教师的鼓励对学生的成长至关重要。 6. 不同的学生可能需要不同的教育方式。 7. 政府正在努力促进教育公平。 8. 终身学习已经成为一种普遍的理念。 9. 她的梦想是成为一名致力于教育创新的老师。 10. 只有通过努力学习，我们才能实现自己的目标。 答案： 1. Education is an important way to change one's life. 2. We should make full use of the existing educational resources. 3. He overcame many difficulties to finish his college education. 4. Online education enables more people to have the opportunity to learn. 5. Teachers' encouragement is vital to students' growth. 6. Different students may need different educational methods. 7. The government is trying to promote educational equity. 8. Lifelong learning has become a common concept. 9. Her dream is to become a teacher dedicated to educational innovation. 10. Only through hard work can we achieve our goals. 1. 阅读理解 When we perceive other people, we seldom describe a person in cold and objective words. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly - perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Social scientist Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person: questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements). 1．The word “pinpoint” (in the 1st Para.) is closest in means to ______. A．appreciate B．activate C．identify D．influence 2．What do we learn from the first paragraph? A．People like to be described in cold, objective words. B．It is impossible to get inside of a person. C．It is difficult to describe a person in words. D．Getting to know a person is usually no easy job. 3．It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ______. A．people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B．the best way to know a person is by making comparisons C．in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly D．face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person 4．The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ______. A．discuss the various aspects of getting to know people B．provide ways of how to obtain information about people C．warn readers of the negative side of people’s characters D．give advice on appropriate behaviors for social occasions 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要向我们讲述了我们了解一个人是一件不容易的事情，并提出了观察他人的方法，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们要了解人的各个方面。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“When we perceive other people, we seldom describe a person in cold and objective words. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. (当我们看待别人的时候，我们很少用冷漠客观的语言来描述一个人。“她身高5英尺8英寸，金发，穿着一条彩色的裙子。”更多的时候，我们试图进入对方的内心，pinpoint他或她的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。)”可知我们试图进入对方的内心是为了发现他或她的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。所pinpoint和“identify”同义，意为“发现，识别”，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly - perhaps with a two-second glance. (更多的时候，我们试图进入对方的内心，找出他或她的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。此外，我们有时表现得好像我们可以很快地完成这项困难的工作——也许只需要两秒钟的目光。)”可推断了解一个人通常不是一件容易的事。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Social scientist Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; (社会科学家Berger提出了几种减少对他人不确定性的方法：在不被注意的情况下观察一个人与他人的互动，尤其是与你认识的人的互动，这样你就可以将观察到的人的行为与你认识的人的行为进行比较；)” 可知社会科学家Berger提出的建议是我们应该避免直接与所观察到的人接触，故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly - perhaps with a two-second glance. (更多的时候，我们试图进入对方的内心，找出他或她的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。此外，我们有时表现得好像我们可以很快地完成这项困难的工作——也许只需要两秒钟的目光。)”；第二段“We try to obtain information about others in many ways. (我们试图通过多种方式获取他人的信息。)”和第三段“Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. (了解一个人是一项永无止境的任务，很大程度上是因为人是不断变化的，我们用来获取信息的方法往往是不精确的。)”可知作者的目的是告诉我们要了解人的各个方面，故选A。 2. 语法填空 Throughout the pandemic, we 1 (bury) in bad news, just dragging ourselves through the days. If we took a risk, it was often so ordinary: going to the grocery store, socializing with another human being in person. We spent so much cognitive energy trying to stay safe and keep up with events 2 we had little left to pursue the types of big, frightening-yet-exciting adventures that expand our lives. Now, it’s about time that we pushed ourselves outside of our comfort zone. Adventures expand our world by allowing us to engage with our self and others in a new way. Research shows that novelty activates our dopamine (多巴胺) system, which enhances our mood and positive outlook. New situations, especially ones that seem dangerous, also force us to confront our fear. This can boost our mood by making us feel 3 (stressed). You don’t have to free solo Yosemite’s El Capitan to reap benefits. Any adventure 4 you stretch yourself and learn something new counts. For some, it may be jumping out of a plane or scuba diving in Iceland. For others, trying a different workout or going out to dinner at a new place might do the trick. Ready for your adventure? Here’s some advice. Start small. The risks you’re up for now 5 look different from the ones you took before the pandemic. That’s OK. 6 manageable activity you choose to do this weekend will break your laziness, build your confidence, and help you pursue bigger adventures. Shift 7 you view anxiety. Research from Harvard University shows that people who interpreted their nervousness about activities such as karaoke singing and public speaking 8 excitement enjoyed the experiences more and performed better than 9 who tried to suppress their anxiety. This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset. Tap into regret. It can be very motivating. Think about whether you’ll feel disappointed if you miss out on this interesting, expansive experience or glad you stayed home. “We tend 10 (regret) actions we don’t take rather than ones we do,” says Boardman, a psychologist. “So the fear of missing out can help you.” 【答案】 1．have been buried 2．that 3．less stressed 4．where 5．might 6．A 7．how 8．as 9．those 10．to regret 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出疫情期间人们被坏消息和日常事务缠身，没精力追求冒险，现在应走出舒适区，通过冒险来扩展自己的世界，并提供了一些建议。 1．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在整个疫情期间，我们被坏消息淹没，只能拖着自己度过这些日子。空处作句子的谓语，结合“Throughout the pandemic”可知，时态宜用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响，be buried in“被埋在……中”是固定用法，应用被动语态，且主语是we，助动词应用have。故填have been buried。 2．考查结果状语从句。句意：我们花费了如此多的认知能量，试图保持安全，跟上事件的发展，以至于我们几乎没有精力去追求那些扩大我们生活的、令人恐惧但又令人兴奋的大冒险。空后为完整的句子，根据“so much cognitive energy”可知，此处用so… that…表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：这可以通过减少压力来改善我们的情绪。根据“boost our mood”可知，此处指“感觉压力减轻”，应用比较级less stressed。故填less stressed。 4．考查定语从句。句意：任何能让你伸展自己、学到新东西的冒险都很重要。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词adventure，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 5．考查情态动词。句意：你现在面临的风险可能看起来与大流行之前不同。空后为动词原形，结合“look different from the ones you took before the pandemic”可知，此处表示一种可能性，指“可能看起来与大流行之前不同”，宜用情态动词might表达一种较为委婉和不确定的推测。故填might。 6．考查冠词。句意：这个周末你选择做一项可控的活动，这会打破你的懒惰，建立你的自信，并帮助你追求更大的冒险。空处表示泛指，意为“一项可控的活动”，应用不定冠词，且manageable的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填A。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：改变你对焦虑的看法。空处引导名词性从句作Shift的宾语，结合后文的“This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset.”可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“怎样，如何”，应用连接副词how作引导词。故填how。 8．考查介词。句意：哈佛大学的研究表明，那些将自己对卡拉OK唱歌和公开演讲等活动的紧张情绪解释为兴奋的人，比那些试图抑制焦虑情绪的人更享受这些经历，表现也更好。动词短语interpret… as…意为“把……理解为……”。故填as。 9．考查代词。句意：哈佛大学的研究表明，那些将自己对卡拉OK唱歌和公开演讲等活动的紧张情绪解释为兴奋的人，比那些试图抑制焦虑情绪的人更享受这些经历，表现也更好。空处指代前面的people，为了避免重复，应用代词those。故填those。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：心理学家Boardman说：“我们更倾向于后悔我们没有采取的行动，而不是我们采取的行动。”动词短语tend to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”，空处应用regret“后悔”的不定式形式。故填to regret。 书面表达 假定你是李华，最近有不少同学每天中午都用快餐作为午餐，你认为这不是个好习惯。请你给学校英文报编辑John写一封英语短信，就此事谈谈你的想法，要点包括： 1. 午餐吃快餐的坏处； 2. 你的想法和建议等。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear John, I’m writing to share my views about eating fast food for lunch in our school. Recently, I find that some students always eat fast food for lunch. I don’t think it’s a wise choice. Though fast food is convenient and delicious in taste, it can’t provide us with enough nutrition. To keep healthy and get enough energy from lunch, we’d better take some home cooking for lunch or buy some fresh food from the school canteen. I don’t mean fast food should be refused in our life. But just choose it when we are really in a hurry, or it will surely have some side effects on our health. I hope my advice can be taken. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给校报编辑John写信，就不少同学将快餐作为午餐的现象发表自己的看法，需说明吃快餐的坏处，并表达自己的想法和建议等。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 观点：view→opinion, idea 发现：find→discover, notice 明智的：wise→sensible 拒绝：refuse→turn down, decline 选择：choose→pick, opt for 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To keep healthy and get enough energy from lunch, we’d better take some home cooking for lunch or buy some fresh food from the school canteen. 拓展句：In order that we can keep healthy and get enough energy from lunch, we’d better take some home cooking for lunch or buy some fresh food from the school canteen. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Recently, I find that some students always eat fast food for lunch. (运用了that引导名词性从句作find的宾语) [高分句型2] Though fast food is convenient and delicious in taste, it can’t provide us with enough nutrition. (运用了though引导让步状语从句) [高分句型3] But just choose it when we are really in a hurry, or it will surely have some side effects on our health. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $