Unit1 Decisions（单元测试·基础卷）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第二册

One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you've heard. Now you have one hundred seconds to read all the choices on the screen. One are men suits on the seventh floor. No, they're here on the sixth, seventh for women's shoes, books and bags. Question, what is the man most probably looking for? Two, please give me a beer, a cold one. You know, I never drink beer without ice. but IT is winter. Now, don't you think that's bad? For your stomach question. what does the woman think of the man's preference for ice beer? Three, i'm not sure if I should take this job offer or wait for a Better one. Sometimes you have to risk IT to get the biscuit IT sounds like a great opportunity question. What does the woman suggest the man do? For the coffee house has been short handed these days, so we'll have to wait in line. I know Susan and I helped to work. There is waitress ses all day yesterday. Question, what can be learned about the coffee house? Five, I heard you're moving to the city. That's exciting. I bet there will be so many new opportunities for you there. Yeah, i'm looking forward to the change. It'll be a whole new . chapter for me. Question, what does the man mean? Six, the lecture about the development of world economy is really fascinating. I couldn't agree with you more question. What does the man mean? Seven, excuse me, have you got any seats available for the concert next sunday? No, i'm afraid sunday is fully booked. Question, what does the woman mean? Eight, I can't figure out this puzzle is driving me crazy. Let's take a break and come back to you later. A fresh pair bias might . help question, what does the man mean? Nine, did you hear about the new policy network? Yes, it's quite a change, but I guess it's the norm in the current climate question. What does the man imply about the new policy? Ten, why do you always read the end of the book? First, I can't help you. I like to know where i'm heading. It's like looking behind the curtain before the show starts. Question, what can we learned about the woman? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation, the passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Have you ever been outside at night and seen how fireflies light up around you? This is called bio lumen essence, and it's when living things can make their own light. Unlike us who need electricity to turn on lights, some animals and creatures can glow all by themselves, thanks to special stuff in their bodies. This super cool ability to shine is something you'll find a lot in the ocean, which is super dark. Once you go deep. Many see animals, like different kinds of fish, can light up too. Scientists just found out about the biggest animal ever that can do this, and it's a shark called the kitten shark. The kite fin shark can get as long as about one point eight meters, which is tower than most people. It's got thousands of tiny light spots on its skin that let IT shine. Scientists are still trying to figure out why IT shines. Maybe the light helps the shark find food, or maybe IT helps IT move to smaller fish without them noticing. If the smaller fish look up, they can see the shark shining against the light from above, so the shark can catch them easily. It's pretty amazing how nature works, right? Now listen again. Have you ever been outside at night and seen how fireflies light up around you? This is called bio lumen essence, and it's when living things can make their own light. Unlike us who need electricity to turn on lights, some animals and creatures can glow all by themselves, thanks to special stuff in their bodies. This super cool ability to shine is something you will find a lot in the ocean, which is super dark once you go deep. Many see animals, like different kinds of fish, can light up too. Scientists just found out about the biggest animal ever that can do this, and it's a shark called the kite fin shark. The kite fin shark can get as long as about one point eight meters, which is tower than most people. It's got thousands of tiny light spots on its skin that let IT shine. Scientists are still trying to figure out why IT shines. Maybe the light helps the shark find food, or maybe IT helps IT move to smaller fish without them noticing. If the smaller fish look up, they can see the shark shining against the light from above, so the shark can catch them easily. It's pretty amazing how nature works, right? Questions, love in what is bioluminesc? Twelve, what is the kite thin shark known for? Thirteen, what might be the reason why the kite fin shark uses its light? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirteen seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Electronics word on the body serve a variety of purposes, from basic time telling watches to smart watches that can deliver emails, devices like fitbit truck steps in there are monitors, Taylor red, for people to maintain their health. A common chAllenge for all these wearable ables is their reliance on batteries for power. To address this, researchers are expLoring innovative power sources. They've developed small, square pieces that attached to a person's fingertips. These pieces are most effective during sleep as they collect tiny amounts of sweat from the fingertips. The sweat contains chemicals that can be turned into electricity. The pieces also generate power when a person presses their fingertips together. This technology could revolutionize how we power wearable devices. IT offers a sustainable and convenient alternative to traditional batteries. Imagine a world where your smart watch or health monitor never needs charging because it's powered by your body's natural processes. These pieces represent a significant step towards ecofriendly in self sustaining wearable technology. The implications of this technology are vast. IT could lead to new kinds of wearable ables that don't require batteries, making them more convenient and environmentally friendly. As this technology advances, IT promises to change the way we interact with personal electronics. Now listen again, electronics were on the body, serve a variety of purposes, from basic time telling watches to smart watches that can deliver emails. Devices like fitbit truck steps in there are monitors, Taylor red, for people to maintain their health. A common chAllenge for all these variables is their reliance on batteries for power to to address this, researchers are expLoring innovative power sources. They've developed small, square pieces that attached to a person's fingertips. These pieces are most effective during sleep as they collect tiny amounts of sweat from the fingertips. The sweat contains chemicals that can be turned into electricity. The pieces also generate power when a person presses their fingertips together. This technology could revolutionize how we power wearable able devices. IT offers a sustainable and convenient alternative to traditional batteries. Imagine a world where your smart watch or health monitor never needs charging because it's powered by your bodies. Natural processes. These pieces represent a significant step towards eco friendly and self sustaining wearable technology. The implications of this technology are vast. IT could lead to new kinds of wearable ables that don't require batteries ies, making them more convenient and environmentally friendly. As this technology advances, IT promises to change the way we interact with personal electronics. Questions fourteen, what is the passage mainly about. Fifteen, what is the function of the small square pieces? Sixteen, what is the point of the technology introduced in the passage? Questions seventeen, three, twenty are based on the following conversation. Now you have forty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Hey, alex, have you seen this trend where everything has activated carbon? El, it's in tooth based cleaning agents, even food. Yeah, I noticed that too. Seems like it's the latest trend. But do you think IT actually works well? This article says there's no solid evidence IT makes your teeth wider or breath pressure IT could even be damaging to teeth. Seriously, I thought I was supposed to be good for purification and similar purposes. That's just marketing. I guess there's no scientific evidence for the purification claims either. A dietitian, vy linger, mentioned that while it's not harmful, IT probably won't have the effects people . are expecting him. That's disappointing. IT does look cool though, especially in ice cream and pizza. True. but it's all for the look. Then before we buy into this trend, we should consider if it's worth the extra money when there's no proven benefit agreed. I stick to my regular products for now and maybe try the carbon ice cream just once for the experience. Sounds like a plan. Let's not let the trend dictate our choices on. Let's be smart consumers. Now listen again. Hey alex, have you seen this trend where everything has activated carbon? El, it's in tooth based cleaning agents, even food. Yeah, I noticed that too. Seems like it's the latest trend, but do you think IT actually works well? This article says there's no solid evidence. IT makes your teeth wider or breath fresher. IT could even be damaging to teeth. Seriously, I thought I was supposed to be good for purification and similar purposes. That's just marketing. I guess there's no scientific evidence for the purification claims either. A diotima vy linger mentioned that while it's not harmful, IT probably won't have the effects people . are expecting him. That's disappointing. IT does look cool though, especially in ice cream and pizza. True, but it's all for the look then before we buy into this trend, we should consider if it's worth the extra money when there's no proven benefit agreed. I stick to my regular products for now and maybe try the carbon ice cream just once for the experience. Sounds like a plan. Let's not let the trend dictate our choices right on. let's be smart consumers. Questions seventeen, what are the speakers mainly talking about? Eighteen, what does the article mentioned in the conversation suggest about activated carbon in dental products? Nineteen, what does evy linger say about activated carbon? Twenty, what is the man's attitude towards trying carbon ice cream? 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Men's suits. B. Books. C. Bags. D. Women's shoes. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. Buy some biscuit. B. Avoid running any risk. C. Take the job offer he has got. D. Wait for a better opportunity. 4. A. It is under-staffed. B. It is crowded with customers. C. It isn't big enough. D. It doesn't provide good service. 5. A. He is anticipating a fresh start. B. He is reading a new chapter of a book. C. He is going to find a new job in the city. D. He is looking forward to the woman's arrival. 6. A. He thinks the lecture is boring. B. He thinks the lecture is attractive C. He doesn't agree with the woman. D. He couldn't understand the lecturer. 7. A. No ticket is available for next Sunday. B. She needs to check first. C. The concert has already been canceled. D. She is fully occupied next Sunday. 8. A. They should stop working on the puzzle for the moment. B. They should take a break and grab something to eat. C. The woman should come back as soon as possible. D. The woman should buy a new pair of glasses. 9. A. It is an essential measure to be taken for the climate change. B. It is too great a change for him to adjust to. C. It is just one of the policies issued by the company. D. It is a necessary adaptation to evolving conditions. 10. A. She prefers to know the endings of a book in advance. B. She likes staying behind the curtain before a show. C. She can't resist finishing a book once she starts reading it. D. She doesn't care about where she is while reading a book. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A special kind of light found just in fireflies. B. A type of electricity used by underwater creatures. C. Light made by living things using special body processes. D. The ability of sharks to see in the dark. 12. A. Being the biggest shark in the ocean. B. Having the ability to produce its own light. C. Being the fastest swimmer among sharks. D. Living in the deep ocean for a long time. 13. A. To move to their food without being noticed. B. To communicate with other ocean creatures. C. To perform tricks for entertainment. D. To light up the ocean floor for other sea animals. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. An innovative power source for wearable devices. B. Challenges for most wearable devices available. C. Wearable devices that serve different purposes. D. Changes in the way people use wearable devices. 15. A. Turning chemicals in a wearer's sweat into electricity. B. Generating electricity while the wearer is running. C. Monitoring wearers' health conditions. D. Improving wearers' sleep at night. 16. A. To reduce the demand for traditional batteries. B. To make wearable devices more accessible. C. To let wearers know their body's natural processes. D. To revolutionize the production of wearable devices. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The use of activated carbon in various products and its claimed advantages. B. New technological advancements in the production of activated carbon. C. The economic impact of activated carbon on the market. D. The latest fashion trends and clothing materials. 18. A. It has been proven to be effective in whitening teeth. B. There is solid evidence that it brightens teeth or makes breath fresher. C. It is recommended by most dentists for dental cleanliness. D. There is no conclusive proof supporting its benefits for oral health. 19. A. It is safe but may not live up to what people expect. B. It is effective for purifying some chemical substances. C. It is harmful and should be avoided. D. It is essential for modern products. 20. A. He is open to tasting the carbon ice cream once. B. He is enthusiastic about switching to such products. C. He believes it will be beneficial for his health. D. He doubts its effect and refuses to try it. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Has the Great Wall Preserved So Well? The Great Wall, a symbol of ancient civilization, stretches across northern China. Despite its grandeur, 21 remains today is only a part of its former self, due to the wear and damage caused by time and nature. However, a recent discovery reveals that nature 22 might be playing a crucial role in preserving this historical wonder. Thin layers of bacteria and other organisms, known as biocrusts, have been considered 23 (protect) sections of the Great Wall, sheltering it from wind and rain, and other destructive elements. A study published in Science Advances highlights the significant role these “living skins” play in conserving this ancient architectural marvel. 24 advances in technology and research, scientists are now exploring the potential of cultivating new biocrusts to prevent further degradation of the Wall. Nichole Barger, an ecologist, praises the study as “innovative and creative”, noting that the protective effects of biocrusts 25 (gain) increasing recognition in recent years. It is acknowledged that dryland ecosystems 26 (stabilize) and soil erosion (侵蚀) is prevented by these biological layers. 27 the more famous sections of the Great Wall are constructed from stones or bricks, other parts were built using packed soil. Yet, the same packed soils can also host biocrusts, 28 cover about 12% of the Earth’s land surface, particularly in dry regions like northern China. These biocrusts vary in form, 29 (range) from thin bacterial networks to thicker layers of lichen (青苔) . Soil scientist Bo Xiao from the China Agricultural University, along with his colleagues, conducted a study to investigate the role of biocrusts in preserving the Great Wall. Their research revealed that biocrusts, primarily 30 (compose) of moss or bacteria, covered more than two-thirds of the Wall’s surface in the areas they examined. By studying the physical properties, they made a significant discovery. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．characteristics   B．diverse   C． employ    D．function   E. issue F. integration      G. hit       H. military   I. potential   J. schemes   K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes (原型) of biometric bodysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their 31 , or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The 32 version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should 33 the market within a few years. Frederic Zenhausern, director of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of “biometric bodysuits” that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such “smart” clothing could 34 future soldiers early warning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and fluidics (流体学) can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of 35 tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic.” he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different 36 . Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health. It is made of clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or 37 as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it could all be made to look stylish by the 38 of electronics and high-fashion designs, he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has 39 far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy, a Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, sees possibilities to 40 the technology in building design. As an example, she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To be honest. I’ve been missing the online shopping experience in China since I moved to the US four years ago. So when I noticed Shein becoming mainstream in the US over the past few years, I though, Great! I finally have a Taohao replacement! So I went on my first Shein journey in August 2022. But somewhere along the way, I started questioning why I enjoy this particular kind of shopping, and also what it means for an e-commerce platform to offer endless deals. To be fair, there are Shein purchases that I’ve really enjoyed, like a $2 nylon watchband that feels better than my original Apple Watch band. I also think people should be able to choose quantity and price over quality, because the idea of demanding that people only buy premium products feels unrealistic. But as it turns out, I’ve finally started to see through the illusion (错觉) of Shein-like platforms. To get these occasional incredible deals, you are encouraged to shop much more than is necessary or even reasonable. This illusion has worked for a long time and for a lot of people, including me! But it’s become harder and harder to ignore the environmental consequences of my purchases, and the ways in which platforms trick people into buying more and more. And I don’t think I’m the only one experiencing that awakening. Broadly speaking, I think society is slowly but surely shifting toward recognizing the climate impact of mass-produced cheap goods. While these conversations have yet to happen as widely and furiously in China, companies like Taobao and Shein will inevitably have to answer the question of whether their business model is sustainable for everyone—or only for themselves. So where are they beading from here? There’s certainly a lot of soul-searching for the industry to do. And I’m doing some soul-searching of my own. 56．Why does the author mention a “$2 nylon watchband”? A．To compare it with her original band. B．To persuade readers to buy it. C．To show her satisfaction with Shein. D．To show its cheapness. 57．What does the underlined word “premium” mean in the third paragraph? A．High-quantity. B．Expensive. C．High-quality. D．Original. 58．What do the customers tend to do with the illusion of Shein-like platforms? A．They get incredible products on sale. B．They often buy much more than what they need. C．They ignore the environmental impacts. D．They are tricked into buying more and more reasonable products. 59．What is a consequence of endless deals in e-commerce platforms? A．Environmental harm. B．Price reduction. C．Energy shortage. D．Worldwide starvation. (B) Information You Can Trust —A Guide to Our Editorial Process Our goal at wikiHow is to deliver trustworthy articles that engage our readers and meet their informational and emotional needs. For 18 years, we’ve committed to our step- by- step teaching model and continue to create the best how- to experience on the Internet. We’ve helped millions of people solve problems, learn new skills, and feel supported in the ordinary and complex moments of life. Our Expert Team wikiHow partners with over 1,000 experts from a wide range of fields to ensure our content is accurate and based on well- established research. ● MENTAL HEALTH, Chloe Carmichael, Licensed Clinical Psychologist Licensed Clinical Psychologist. Specializes in relationship and stress. ● PETS, Brian Bourquin, Veterinarian (兽医) and Clinic Owner Owner of Boston Veterinary Clinic, specializing in primary and emergency care. ● DIY, Joy Cho, Founder & Creative Director Founder and Creative Director of lifestyle brand and design studio. Authored three books and consulted for creative businesses around the world. ● PERSONAL STYLE, Dedra Allen, Cosmetologist (美容师) CEO of Jdoah Beauty Salon. Over 30 years of experience as a licensed cosmetologist. Meet more of wikiHow’s 1700+ experts >> Our Editorial Process Our content is created and edited by real and seasoned professional writers so that our users are served the most original, helpful, and accurate information possible at wikiHow. CONTENT CREATION ACCURACY REVIEW EXPERT INPUT TRACKED ANDUPDATED Articles are created by our team of trained writers and our community of how- to and DIY enthusiasts. Article submissions are reviewed by Content Managers to ensure they are well- researched. Articles are expanded and reviewed by an appropriate expert. Articles are tracked and updated based on data analysis and feedback from readers and the community. 60．What is the primary focus of wikiHow? A．To provide systematic schooling. B．To give detailed and practical advice. C．To make comments on current affairs. D．To share true stories of different people. 61．If you intend to open a souvenir store, which expert might be most helpful? A．Chloe Carmichael. B．Brian Bourquin. C．Joy Cho. D．Dedra Allen. 62．What is a shared responsibility of Content Managers and experts at wikiHow? A．Writing articles for wikiHow. B．Training writers for w íkiHow. C．Ensuring the credibility of articles. D．Reviewing the originality of articles. (C) In sociology, consumption is about so much more than just taking in or using up resources. Humans consume to survive, of course, but in today’s world, we also consume to entertain and amuse ourselves, and as a way to share time and experiences with others. We consume not only material goods but also services, experiences, information, and cultural products. Consumption today is a central organizing principle of social life. Sociologists recognize that many aspects of our daily lives are structured by consumption. In fact, Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman wrote in the book Consuming Life that Western societies are no longer organized around the act of production, but instead, around consumption. This transition began in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, after which most production jobs were moved overseas, and our economy shifted to retail and the provision of services and information. As a consequence, most of us spend our days consuming rather than producing goods. On any given day, one might travel to work by car; work in an office that requires electricity, gas, oil, water, paper, and a host of consumer electronics and digital goods; purchase a tea, coffee, or soda; go out to a restaurant; pick up dry cleaning; purchase health and hygiene products at a drug store; use purchased groceries to prepare dinner, and then spend the evening watching television, enjoying social media, or reading a book. Who can break free from it? Consumption has taken on great importance in the relationships we develop with others. We often organize visits with others around the act of consuming, whether that be sitting down to eat a home-cooked meal as a family, or meeting friends for a shopping excursion at the mall. In addition, we often use consumer goods to express our feelings for others through the practice of gift-giving. Sociologists also see consumption as an important part of the process of forming and expressing both individual and group identities. In Subculture: The Meaning of Style, sociologist Dick Hebdige observed that identity is often expressed through fashion choices. This happens because we choose consumer goods that we feel say something about who we are. Our consumer choices are often meant to reflect our values and lifestyle, and in doing so, send visual signals to others about the kind of person we are. So, from the sociological perspective, there’s much more to consumption than meets the eye. In fact, there’s so much to study about consumption that there’s a whole subfield dedicated to it: the sociology of consumption. 63．What was the change in the United States in the mid-twentieth century? A．A shift to local production. B．A growth of overseas consumption. C．A focus on retail and services. D．A decline in the value of consumption. 64．The author presents a person’s daily life in paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．encourage people to spend more time working than consuming. B．show the variety of consumer products available on the market. C．suggest that producing goods is no longer part of modern life. D．highlight the constant presence of consumption in people’s life. 65．What can be inferred about consumption in paragraph 4 and 5? A．It discourages gift-giving. B．It conveys individuality. C．It defines culture. D．It sets the fashion trends. 66．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The divided opinions on consumption. B．The effects of consumerism on people’s life. C．The philosophy of consumption in social life. D．The balance between consumption and production. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Stanley Cup Craze For Christmas, Sarah Anderson decided to buy herself one of the most popular pieces of drinkware on the market: The 40-ounce Stanley H2.0FlowState Tumbler. Tumblers, water bottles, beverage containers or whatever else people want to call them have become even more popular over the last several years. 67 “A lot of us are into wellness, drinking your vitamins, this and that.” said Melina Vega, a lifestyle, beauty and fashion content creator. Plus, she said the influencers on TikTok, make these products popular by simply talking about them. Countless content creators have been sharing “unboxing” videos and product reviews, gaining hundreds of thousands of likes. 68 In particular, Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said, there was a 275% increase in Stanley H2.0 FlowState Tumbler sales last year. Before the recent craze, cheerleaders and social media influencers didn’t always come to mind when thinking of Stanley. For over 100 years, Stanley has mostly marketed itself as a camping and outdoors brand. “ 69 ” Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said. He described Stanley as an American legacy brand and pointed to the green Stanley thermos as the top choice for construction workers, teachers, nurses and others. But the idea of adjusting the target customers originated with the three women behind the popular e-commerce blog, The Buy Guide, who began linking the Stanley on their website in 2017 after falling in love with the product themselves. It sold out quickly each time they shared it. “ 70 We wanted to stay green, male and hot but also become more colorful, female and cold.” Reilly said. He explained that while Stanley planned to still advertise to the outdoorsman, it would also stylishly focus on this missed audience of women on the go, who need their cold drinks to last all day. A．I think it speaks to the power of women selling to women. B．What makes people go wild for these highly specific drink bottles? C．Green, male and hot. That’s what Stanley has been, and we’re proud of that. D．These likes have translated into significant sales gains, doubling the company’s business two years in a row. E．They have a phenomenal pulse on the conversations on social media—what are people talking about? F．Right now, besides some camping cookware, Stanley’s products are restricted to the beverage-and-container space. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sue and Johnsy were two young artists, sharing a small flat on the third story of an old house. Once Johnsy fell very seriously ill in November. She had pneumonia. Soon she gave up hope for survival. The doctor who attended her did not see any positive change in her condition. One day he told Sue that Johnsy’s chance of survival was limited unless she had something to hope for. She had made up her mind that she was not going to get well. If she lost her hope to live, medicines would do nothing. Sue tried her best to make Johnsy take interest in things around her. But there was no response from Johnsy. She always lay still on her bed looking at an ivy plant through the window gradually losing its leaves, and had taken it in her mind that she would die when the last leaf fell. Sue continued to convince Johnsy that she was foolish to pin her destiny to the survival of the last leaf on the vine. The old ivy leaves had nothing to do with her getting well. The doctor was confident that she would get better. Johnsy was too depressed to say anything. She kept on counting the remaining leaves on the creeper. One day Sue informed Behrman, an old fellow artist, who was their downstairs-neighbour, about this and he was annoyed that Johnsy had such little hope. He was aware of her wish to die when the last leaf fell. Behrman came to their room and found Johnsy asleep. Sue drew the curtain together and they went to the next room. She peeped out through the window and saw only one leaf on the creeper which seemed to fall anytime because it was raining heavily and icy cold wind was blowing. Behrman did not say a word. He went back to his room and decided to do something for Johnsy’s life. He painted a similar leaf and sticked it on the creeper while Johnsy was sleeping. Next morning, after the storm, Johnsy saw the last remaining leaf still clinging to the creeper. She was filled with hope. She decided that she wanted to continue living. She thought that there must have been a reason that the leaf had refused to die, and it was a sin to want to die. Johnsy soon recovered from her illness. After some time, Sue informed Johnsy that Behrman had died of pneumonia while being out in the wet and cold, painting the last leaf. Behrman had finally painted his long-promised masterpiece— the leaf which saved Johnsy’s life, sacrificing his own in the process. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 开车时遮挡车牌号是违法的。(It) ________________ 73. 在做出抉择之前，务必充分权衡这一决定将产生的后果。(weigh) ________________ 74. 参加艺术活动不仅可以缓解压力、培养创造力，还能延年益寿。(not only) ________________ 75. 在信息泛滥的互联网时代，我们要学会独立思考和自主判断, 而不是盲目从众。(rather than) ________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，你校英语话剧团正在招募演员。请你给话剧团团长Chris写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．表达应聘意愿； 2．阐述自己的优势； 3．期待回复。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Men's suits. B. Books. C. Bags. D. Women's shoes. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. Buy some biscuit. B. Avoid running any risk. C. Take the job offer he has got. D. Wait for a better opportunity. 4. A. It is under-staffed. B. It is crowded with customers. C. It isn't big enough. D. It doesn't provide good service. 5. A. He is anticipating a fresh start. B. He is reading a new chapter of a book. C. He is going to find a new job in the city. D. He is looking forward to the woman's arrival. 6. A. He thinks the lecture is boring. B. He thinks the lecture is attractive C. He doesn't agree with the woman. D. He couldn't understand the lecturer. 7. A. No ticket is available for next Sunday. B. She needs to check first. C. The concert has already been canceled. D. She is fully occupied next Sunday. 8. A. They should stop working on the puzzle for the moment. B. They should take a break and grab something to eat. C. The woman should come back as soon as possible. D. The woman should buy a new pair of glasses. 9. A. It is an essential measure to be taken for the climate change. B. It is too great a change for him to adjust to. C. It is just one of the policies issued by the company. D. It is a necessary adaptation to evolving conditions. 10. A. She prefers to know the endings of a book in advance. B. She likes staying behind the curtain before a show. C. She can't resist finishing a book once she starts reading it. D. She doesn't care about where she is while reading a book. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A special kind of light found just in fireflies. B. A type of electricity used by underwater creatures. C. Light made by living things using special body processes. D. The ability of sharks to see in the dark. 12. A. Being the biggest shark in the ocean. B. Having the ability to produce its own light. C. Being the fastest swimmer among sharks. D. Living in the deep ocean for a long time. 13. A. To move to their food without being noticed. B. To communicate with other ocean creatures. C. To perform tricks for entertainment. D. To light up the ocean floor for other sea animals. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. An innovative power source for wearable devices. B. Challenges for most wearable devices available. C. Wearable devices that serve different purposes. D. Changes in the way people use wearable devices. 15. A. Turning chemicals in a wearer's sweat into electricity. B. Generating electricity while the wearer is running. C. Monitoring wearers' health conditions. D. Improving wearers' sleep at night. 16. A. To reduce the demand for traditional batteries. B. To make wearable devices more accessible. C. To let wearers know their body's natural processes. D. To revolutionize the production of wearable devices. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The use of activated carbon in various products and its claimed advantages. B. New technological advancements in the production of activated carbon. C. The economic impact of activated carbon on the market. D. The latest fashion trends and clothing materials. 18. A. It has been proven to be effective in whitening teeth. B. There is solid evidence that it brightens teeth or makes breath fresher. C. It is recommended by most dentists for dental cleanliness. D. There is no conclusive proof supporting its benefits for oral health. 19. A. It is safe but may not live up to what people expect. B. It is effective for purifying some chemical substances. C. It is harmful and should be avoided. D. It is essential for modern products. 20. A. He is open to tasting the carbon ice cream once. B. He is enthusiastic about switching to such products. C. He believes it will be beneficial for his health. D. He doubts its effect and refuses to try it. 【答案】 1-5 ABCAA 6-10 BAADA 11-13 CBA 14-16 AAA 17-20 ADAA 【听力原文】 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have 100 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. 1. M: Are men's suits on the seventh floor? W: No, they are here on the sixth. Seventh's for women's shoes, books and bags. Q: What is the man most probably looking for? 2. M: Please get me a beer, a cold one. You know, I never drink beer without ice. W: But it is winter now. Don't you think that's bad for your stomach? Q: What does the woman think of the man ' s preference for iced beer? 3. M: I'm not sure if I should take this job offer or wait for a better one. W: Sometimes, you have to risk it to get the biscuit. It sounds like a great opportunity. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 4. M: The coffee house has been short-handed these days, so we' ll have to wait in line. W: I know. Susan and I helped to work there as waitresses all day yesterday. Q: What can be learned about the coffee house? 5. W: I heard you're moving to the city. That's exciting! I bet there will be so many new opportunities for you there. M: Yeah, I'm looking forward to the change. It' ll be a whole new chapter for me. Q: What does the man mean? 6. W: The lecture about the development of world economy is really fascinating. M: I couldn't agree with you more. Q: What does the man mean? 7. M: Excuse me, have you got any seats available for the concert next Sunday? W: No, I'm afraid Sunday is fully booked. Q: What does the woman mean? 8. W: I can't figure out this puzzle. It's driving me crazy. M: Let's take a break and come back to it later. A fresh pair of eyes might help. Q: What does the man mean? 9. W: Did you hear about the new policy at work? M: Yes, it's quite a change. But I guess it's the norm in the current climate. Q: What does the man imply about the new policy? 10. M: Why do you always read the end of the book first? W: I can't help it. I like to know where I'm heading. It's like looking behind the curtain before the show starts. Q: What can be learned about the woman? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Have you ever been outside at night and seen how fireflies light up around you? This is called bioluminescence, and it's when living things can make their own light. Unlike us,who need electricity to turn on lights, some animals and creatures can glow all by themselves thanks to special stuff in their bodies. This super cool ability to shine is something you' ll find a lot in the ocean, which is super dark once you go deep. Many sea animals, like different kinds of fish, can light up too. Scientists just found out about the biggest animal ever that can do this, and it's shark called the kitefin shark. The kitefin shark can get as long as about 1.8 metres, which is taller than most people! It's got thousands of tiny light spots on its skin that let it shine. Scientists are still trying to figure out why it shines. Maybe the light helps the shark find food, or maybe it helps it move to smaller fish without them noticing: If the smaller fish look up, they can't see the shark shining against the light from above, so the shark can catch them easily. It's pretty amazing how nature works, right? (Now listen again.) Questions 11. What is bioluminescence? 12. What is the kitefin shark known for? 13. What might be the reason why the kitefin shark uses its light? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Electronics worn on the body serve a variety of purposes, from basic time-telling watches to smartwatches that can deliver emails. Devices like Fitbits track steps, and there are monitors tailored for people to maintain their health. A common challenge for all these wearables is their reliance on batteries for power. To address this, researchers are exploring innovative power sources. They've developed small, square pieces that attach to a person's fingertips. These pieces are most effective during sleep, as they collect tiny amounts of sweat from the fingertips. The sweat contains chemicals that can be turned into electricity. The pieces also generate power when a person presses their fingertips together. This technology could revolutionize how we power wearable devices. It offers a sustainable and convenient alternative to traditional batteries. Imagine a world where your smartwatch or health monitor never needs charging because it's powered by your body's natural processes. These pieces represent a significant step towards eco-friendly and self-sustaining wearable technology. The implications of this technology are vast. It could lead to new kinds of wearables that don't require batteries, making them more convenient and environmentally friendly.As this technology advances, it promises to change the way we interact with personal electronics. (Now listen again.) Questions 14. What is the passage mainly about? 15. What is the function of the small, square pieces? 16. What is the point of the technology introduced in the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Now you have 40 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. W: Hey Alex, have you seen this trend where everything has activated carbon now? It's in toothpaste, cleaning agents, even food! M: Yeah, I noticed that too. Seems like it's the latest trend. But do you think it actually works? W: Well, this article says there's no solid evidence it makes your teeth whiter or breath fresher. It could even be damaging to teeth. M: Seriously? I thought it was supposed to be good for purification and similar purposes. W: That's just marketing, I guess. There's no scientific evidence for the purification claims either. A dietician, Abby Langer, mentioned that while it's not harmful, it probably won't have the effects people are expecting. M: Hmm, that's disappointing. It does look cool though, especially in ice cream and pizza! W: True, but it's all for the look then. Before we buy into this trend, we should consider if it's worth the extra money when there's no proven benefit. M: Agreed. I' ll stick to my regular products for now. And maybe try the carbon ice cream just once, for the experience! W: Sounds like a plan. Let's not let the trend dictate our choices, right? M: Right on. Let's be smart consumers! (Now listen again.) Questions 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? 18. What does the article mentioned in the conversation suggest about activated carbon in dental products? 19. What does Abby Langer say about activated carbon? 20. What is the man's attitude towards trying carbon ice cream? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Has the Great Wall Preserved So Well? The Great Wall, a symbol of ancient civilization, stretches across northern China. Despite its grandeur, 21 remains today is only a part of its former self, due to the wear and damage caused by time and nature. However, a recent discovery reveals that nature 22 might be playing a crucial role in preserving this historical wonder. Thin layers of bacteria and other organisms, known as biocrusts, have been considered 23 (protect) sections of the Great Wall, sheltering it from wind and rain, and other destructive elements. A study published in Science Advances highlights the significant role these “living skins” play in conserving this ancient architectural marvel. 24 advances in technology and research, scientists are now exploring the potential of cultivating new biocrusts to prevent further degradation of the Wall. Nichole Barger, an ecologist, praises the study as “innovative and creative”, noting that the protective effects of biocrusts 25 (gain) increasing recognition in recent years. It is acknowledged that dryland ecosystems 26 (stabilize) and soil erosion (侵蚀) is prevented by these biological layers. 27 the more famous sections of the Great Wall are constructed from stones or bricks, other parts were built using packed soil. Yet, the same packed soils can also host biocrusts, 28 cover about 12% of the Earth’s land surface, particularly in dry regions like northern China. These biocrusts vary in form, 29 (range) from thin bacterial networks to thicker layers of lichen (青苔) . Soil scientist Bo Xiao from the China Agricultural University, along with his colleagues, conducted a study to investigate the role of biocrusts in preserving the Great Wall. Their research revealed that biocrusts, primarily 30 (compose) of moss or bacteria, covered more than two-thirds of the Wall’s surface in the areas they examined. By studying the physical properties, they made a significant discovery. 【答案】 21．what 22．itself 23．to protect/to be protecting 24．With 25．have gained 26．are stabilized 27．While/Though/Although 28．which 29．ranging 30．composed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了长城为什么保存得这么好的原因。 21．考查主语从句。句意：尽管它宏伟壮观，但由于时间和自然造成的磨损和破坏，今天剩下的只是它以前的一部分。该空引导主语从句（　　1　　 remains today），从句中缺乏主语，意为“……的事物”，用连接代词what。故填what。 22．考查反身代词。句意：然而，最近的一项发现表明，自然本身可能在保护这一历史奇迹方面发挥着至关重要的作用。强调“大自然本身”所扮演的角色，用反身代词itself。故填itself。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为生物结皮的薄层细菌和其他生物被认为可以保护长城的部分区域，使其免受风雨和其他破坏性因素的影响。be considered to do sth. (被认为做某事)，protect可用不定式的一般式形式（表示与谓语动词同时发生或紧随其后的动作），或用不定式的进行式形式（表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作）。故填to protect/to be protecting。 24．考查介词。句意：随着技术和研究的进步，科学家们现在正在探索培育新的生物结皮以防止长城进一步退化的潜力。结合句意可知，介词with (随着)符合，首字母大写。故填With。 25．考查时态。句意：生态学家Nichole Barger称赞这项研究“具有创新性和创造性”，并指出近年来生物结皮的保护作用得到了越来越多的认可。由时间状语in recent years可知，从句谓语动词gain用现在完成时表过去动作对现在产生的影响，注意主谓一致。故填have gained。 26．考查时态和系表结构。句意：人们承认，旱地生态系统是稳定的，这些生物层可以防止水土流失。形容词stabilized (稳定的)，此处为系表结构be stabilized，结合下文谓语is prevented可知，用一般现在时，注意主谓一致。故填are stabilized。 27．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然长城的著名部分是用石头或砖块建造的，但其他部分是用压实的土壤建造的。前后句让步关系，结合句意，用从属连词while/though/although (尽管)引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 28．考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，同样的堆积土壤也可能存在生物结皮，生物结皮覆盖了地球约12%的陆地表面，特别是在中国北方等干旱地区。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是biocrusts，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些生物结皮的形式各不相同，从薄的细菌网络到较厚的地衣层。逻辑主语These biocrusts和非谓语动词range是主动关系，range用现在分词形式作状语。故填ranging。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的研究表明，在他们检查的区域，主要由苔藓或细菌组成的生物结皮覆盖了长城表面的三分之二以上。be composed of (由……组成)，用过去分词短语composed of…作名词biocrusts的后置定语。故填composed。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．characteristics   B．diverse   C． employ    D．function   E. issue F. integration      G. hit       H. military   I. potential   J. schemes   K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes (原型) of biometric bodysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their 31 , or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The 32 version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should 33 the market within a few years. Frederic Zenhausern, director of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of “biometric bodysuits” that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such “smart” clothing could 34 future soldiers early warning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and fluidics (流体学) can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of 35 tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic.” he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different 36 . Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health. It is made of clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or 37 as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it could all be made to look stylish by the 38 of electronics and high-fashion designs, he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has 39 far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy, a Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, sees possibilities to 40 the technology in building design. As an example, she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. 【答案】 31．K 32．H 33．G 34．E 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．F 39．I 40．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了未来新型衣服——生物识别紧身衣。 31．考查名词。句意：如果你的体温升得太高，它们可以侦测到化学攻击，给佩戴者送药物，甚至可以闻到香水的味道。由上文“They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their”可知，此处表示给佩戴者送药物，应用名词wearer，作宾语，表示“佩戴者”，由their可知，应用复数形式，故选K。 32．考查形容词。句意：军用版本的“气味变色龙紧身衣”采用了燃料电池，为士兵的装备提供了一种轻量级的动力源。由下文“provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment”可知，此处表示“军用的”，为形容词米咯他人有作定语，修饰名词version，故选H。 33．考查动词。句意：这两个版本都会在几年内上市。由下文“the market within a few years.”可知，此处表示上市，应用动词hit，表示“面市并产生影响”，由should可知，应用动词原形，故选G。 34．考查动词。句意：曾豪森说，这种“智能”服装可以向未来的士兵发出化学攻击的早期预警，或者自动向糖尿病患者提供胰岛素。由下文“future soldiers early warning of chemical attacks”可知，发出早期语境，应用动词issue，表示“发出”，由could可知，应用动词原形，故选E。 35．考查形容词。句意：“生物识别紧身衣展示了如何将电子学和流体学结合到服装中，以执行从高度功能性到美观性等各种各样的任务。”他说。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词tasks，表示“各种各样的”应用形容词diverse，故选B。 36．考查名词。句意：平民变色龙衣服会有一些不同的特征。由下文“Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health.(它的生物识别装备展示了如何将微型电子产品嵌入服装以促进健康。)”可知，此处表示“特征”，为名词characteristic，作宾语，由different可知，应用复数，故选A。 37．考查动词。句意：在未来，这种装备可以诊断疾病，为穿戴者提供药物，监测心率或血压，提供互动游戏和其他形式的娱乐，或起到可穿戴的作用。由下文“as a wearable computer.”可知，此处表示“起作用”，为动词短语function as，由could可知，应用动词原形，故选D。 38．考查名词。句意：他说，电子产品和高级时装设计的结合可以使这些产品看起来更时尚。由下文“of electronics and high-fashion designs”可知，此处表示“电子产品和高级时装设计的结合”，应用名词integration作宾语，the integration of意为“……的结合”，故选F。 39．考查名词。句意： 事实上，在面料中嵌入微电子学的概念有着远远超出服装的潜力。由上文“the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has”可知，此处表示“潜力”，为名词potential作宾语，不可数，故选I。 40．考查动词。句意：波士顿建筑师、哈佛大学设计研究生院客座教授希拉·肯尼迪(Sheila Kennedy)看到了将该技术应用于建筑设计的可能性。由下文“ the technology in building design”可知，此处表示“应用”，为动词employ，由不定式to可知，应用动词原形，故选C。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．A 554．A 55．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过引用纽约州立大学科特兰分校心理学副教授凯特琳·弗兰纳里的观点和研究，阐述了友谊在人生不同阶段的变化、影响因素以及友谊的维持和发展。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着年龄的增长，我们开始花更多的时间与同龄人在一起，科特兰纽约州立大学（State University of New York College, Cortland）心理学副教授凯特琳·弗兰纳里（Kaitlin Flannery）说。A. teachers教师；B. parents父母；C. agents代理人；D. peers同龄人。根据后文“We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers.”可知，我们不仅希望得到家人的认可，也希望得到同龄人的认可，所以我们开始花更多的时间与同龄人在一起。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和朋友之间有一种不同的联系；他们帮助我们在一生中塑造自己的身份。A. problem问题；B. bond联系；C. lesson课程；D. argument争论。根据后文“they help us shape our identity throughout our life”可知，朋友帮助我们在一生中塑造自己的身份，所以应是和朋友之间有联系。故选B项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们是社会动物。我们希望得到认可，”弗兰纳里说。A. acceptance认可；B. assistance帮助；C. attention注意力；D. association联系。根据后文“We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers.”可知，我们不仅希望得到家人的认可，也希望得到同龄人的认可，此处指是我们希望得到认可。故选A项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，友谊开始真正成为这些至关重要的社会支持来源，同时也带来了乐趣和陪伴。A. requirements要求；B. purposes目的；C. sources来源；D. services服务。根据后文“of social support, but also fun and companionship”结合选项可知，应是“社会支持的重要来源，也是乐趣和陪伴的来源”符合语境。故选C项。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多关于友谊破裂的研究都集中在儿童和青少年身上，在这个年龄段，友谊破裂是很常见的。A. turn off关闭；B. break out爆发；C. turn over翻转；D. break apart破碎。根据前文“Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents”可知，是关于友谊破裂的研究。故选D项。 46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一个预测因素是缺乏朋友的支持，或者他们觉得自己没有从朋友那里得到需要的东西——例如，陪伴，或者不再一起玩。A. on the contrary相反；B. as a result因此；C. for example例如；D. in addition另外。根据后文前文“Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends”以及后文“companionship, or no longer having fun together.”可知，后文是对前文的举例。故选C项。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据报道，友谊的结束让中学生们产生了复杂的情绪，包括悲伤，但也有快乐和宽慰，这取决于为什么会发生，如何结束，以及是谁提出的。A. positive积极的；B. shallow浅的；C. negative消极的；D. complex复杂的。根据后文“including sadness, but also happiness and relief”可知，既有悲伤也有快乐和宽慰，所以是复杂的情绪。故选D项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，友谊只是从“最好的”朋友状态降级为“好”朋友。A. heightened提高；B. exported出口；C. downgraded降级；D. separated分离。根据后文“from “best” friend status to “good” friends.”可知，从“最好的”朋友变为“好”朋友，应是降级。故选C项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一项为期一年的关于七年级学生友谊的研究发现，只有大约一半的“最好的友谊”在整个学年保持稳定。A. neutral中立的；B. unclear不清楚的；C. weak弱的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests.”可知，研究表明在整个学年中，年龄较大的青少年的友谊在一定程度上更加持续，此处在讲述保持友谊稳定。故选D项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的高中友谊可能会随着朋友们在大学生活中分开而褪色。A. work工作；B. renew更新；C. fade褪色；D. last持续。根据后文“as friends move apart for university and college.”可知，友谊应是会因为在大学生活中分开而褪色。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能部分是由于朋友之间的身体距离造成的。A. distance距离；B. feature特征；C. contact联系；D. development发展。根据前文“as friends move apart for university and college.”可知，朋友分开，所以是身体距离造成的。故选A项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，对人际关系持“成长”心态的人——也就是说，相信人际关系需要努力，可以成长和发展——更愿意维持和发展他们的友谊。A. awareness意识；B. growth成长；C. science科学；D. humanity人性。根据后文“meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop”可知，相信人际关系需要努力，可以成长和发展，所以是对人际关系持“成长”心态。故选B项。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他人可能会觉得，随着他们的兴趣改变，花时间和新朋友在一起更有意义。A. new新的；B. young年轻的；C. adult成年的；D. close亲密的。呼应上文“friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others”讲友谊的解除也是年轻人练习与他人相处的机会，此处指花时间和新朋友在一起。故选A项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但研究表明，牢固的友谊能够经受住并适应这种生活变化。A. adapt适应；B. return返回；C. stick坚持；D. object反对。根据前文“But strong friendships can survive and”可知，空处和survive并列，并且用来讲述牢固的友谊，所以应是“适应这种生活变化”符合语境。故选A项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗兰纳里说：“每当我看到友谊破裂时，我的结论是，生活中的某些方面可能会破坏友谊，但也有很多例子表明，友谊能够经受住这些生活变化，变得更加亲密。”A. facilitate促进；B. weather经受住；C. assess评估；D. monitor监控。根据前文“But strong friendships can survive and 　　14　　　 to such life changes, research shows.”可知，是有些友谊能够经受住这些生活变化。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To be honest. I’ve been missing the online shopping experience in China since I moved to the US four years ago. So when I noticed Shein becoming mainstream in the US over the past few years, I though, Great! I finally have a Taohao replacement! So I went on my first Shein journey in August 2022. But somewhere along the way, I started questioning why I enjoy this particular kind of shopping, and also what it means for an e-commerce platform to offer endless deals. To be fair, there are Shein purchases that I’ve really enjoyed, like a $2 nylon watchband that feels better than my original Apple Watch band. I also think people should be able to choose quantity and price over quality, because the idea of demanding that people only buy premium products feels unrealistic. But as it turns out, I’ve finally started to see through the illusion (错觉) of Shein-like platforms. To get these occasional incredible deals, you are encouraged to shop much more than is necessary or even reasonable. This illusion has worked for a long time and for a lot of people, including me! But it’s become harder and harder to ignore the environmental consequences of my purchases, and the ways in which platforms trick people into buying more and more. And I don’t think I’m the only one experiencing that awakening. Broadly speaking, I think society is slowly but surely shifting toward recognizing the climate impact of mass-produced cheap goods. While these conversations have yet to happen as widely and furiously in China, companies like Taobao and Shein will inevitably have to answer the question of whether their business model is sustainable for everyone—or only for themselves. So where are they beading from here? There’s certainly a lot of soul-searching for the industry to do. And I’m doing some soul-searching of my own. 56．Why does the author mention a “$2 nylon watchband”? A．To compare it with her original band. B．To persuade readers to buy it. C．To show her satisfaction with Shein. D．To show its cheapness. 57．What does the underlined word “premium” mean in the third paragraph? A．High-quantity. B．Expensive. C．High-quality. D．Original. 58．What do the customers tend to do with the illusion of Shein-like platforms? A．They get incredible products on sale. B．They often buy much more than what they need. C．They ignore the environmental impacts. D．They are tricked into buying more and more reasonable products. 59．What is a consequence of endless deals in e-commerce platforms? A．Environmental harm. B．Price reduction. C．Energy shortage. D．Worldwide starvation. 【答案】56．C 57．C 58．B 59．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过反思自己在电子商务平台购物的经历，明白了这样的购物方式会让人们无休止的购买廉价商品，而这种行为会给环境和气候带来影响。作者呼吁商家和消费者都审视自己的行为。 56．推理判断题。根据第三段的“To be fair, there are Shein purchases that I’ve really enjoyed, like a $2 nylon watchband that feels better than my original Apple Watch band. (说句公道话，我确实很喜欢Shein的一些产品，比如一条2美元的尼龙表带，感觉比我原来的Apple Watch表带要好)”并结合上文提到作者喜欢网购体验，在回国4年后终于可以在Shein进行网购推知，提到“2美元一条的尼龙表带”是为了表达作者对于在Shein网购的满足感。故选C。 57．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“I also think people should be able to choose quantity and price over quality(我还认为人们应该能够选择数量和价格而不是质量)”可知，作者认为除了质量，人们还应该能在数量和价格上进行选择。由此推知，作者认为要求人们只购买高品质的商品是不现实的。因此premium意为“高品质的”。故选C。 58．推理判断题。根据第四段的“But as it turns out, I’ve finally started to see through the illusion (错觉) of Shein-like platforms. To get these occasional incredible deals, you are encouraged to shop much more than is necessary or even reasonable. (但事实证明，我终于开始看穿了shein式平台的假象。为了得到这些偶尔令人难以置信的交易，你被鼓励购买远远超过必要甚至合理的东西)”推知，当消费者在诸如Shein这样的平台购物时容易买多于自己实际需要的商品。故选B。 59．细节理解题。根据第四段的“But it’s become harder and harder to ignore the environmental consequences of my purchases, and the ways in which platforms trick people into buying more and more.(但我越来越难以忽视我的购物对环境造成的影响，以及平台诱使人们买得越来越多的方式)”和最后一段的“Broadly speaking, I think society is slowly but surely shifting toward recognizing the climate impact of mass-produced cheap goods. (总的来说，我认为社会正在缓慢但肯定地转向认识到大规模生产的廉价商品对气候的影响)”可知，电子商务平台无休止的交易会给环境和气候带来影响。故选A。 (B) Information You Can Trust —A Guide to Our Editorial Process Our goal at wikiHow is to deliver trustworthy articles that engage our readers and meet their informational and emotional needs. For 18 years, we’ve committed to our step- by- step teaching model and continue to create the best how- to experience on the Internet. We’ve helped millions of people solve problems, learn new skills, and feel supported in the ordinary and complex moments of life. Our Expert Team wikiHow partners with over 1,000 experts from a wide range of fields to ensure our content is accurate and based on well- established research. ● MENTAL HEALTH, Chloe Carmichael, Licensed Clinical Psychologist Licensed Clinical Psychologist. Specializes in relationship and stress. ● PETS, Brian Bourquin, Veterinarian (兽医) and Clinic Owner Owner of Boston Veterinary Clinic, specializing in primary and emergency care. ● DIY, Joy Cho, Founder & Creative Director Founder and Creative Director of lifestyle brand and design studio. Authored three books and consulted for creative businesses around the world. ● PERSONAL STYLE, Dedra Allen, Cosmetologist (美容师) CEO of Jdoah Beauty Salon. Over 30 years of experience as a licensed cosmetologist. Meet more of wikiHow’s 1700+ experts >> Our Editorial Process Our content is created and edited by real and seasoned professional writers so that our users are served the most original, helpful, and accurate information possible at wikiHow. CONTENT CREATION ACCURACY REVIEW EXPERT INPUT TRACKED ANDUPDATED Articles are created by our team of trained writers and our community of how- to and DIY enthusiasts. Article submissions are reviewed by Content Managers to ensure they are well- researched. Articles are expanded and reviewed by an appropriate expert. Articles are tracked and updated based on data analysis and feedback from readers and the community. 60．What is the primary focus of wikiHow? A．To provide systematic schooling. B．To give detailed and practical advice. C．To make comments on current affairs. D．To share true stories of different people. 61．If you intend to open a souvenir store, which expert might be most helpful? A．Chloe Carmichael. B．Brian Bourquin. C．Joy Cho. D．Dedra Allen. 62．What is a shared responsibility of Content Managers and experts at wikiHow? A．Writing articles for wikiHow. B．Training writers for w íkiHow. C．Ensuring the credibility of articles. D．Reviewing the originality of articles. 【答案】60．B 61．C 62．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了wikiHow网站的功能和文章编辑过程。 60．细节理解题。由文章第一段“For 18 years, we’ve committed to our step-by-step teaching model and continue to create the best how-to experience on the Internet. We’ve helped millions of people solve problems, learn new skills, and feel supported in the ordinary and complex moments of life.( 18年来，我们一直致力于循序渐进的教学模式，并继续创造最好的互联网体验。我们已经帮助数百万人解决问题，学习新技能，并在生活中的普通和复杂时刻感受到支持。)”可知，该网站的主要目标是为读者提供解决问题的具体指导和建议。故选B。 61．细节理解题。根据 DIY, Joy Cho, Founder & Creative Director部分中“Founder and Creative Director of lifestyle brand and design studio. Authored three books and consulted for creative businesses around the world.(生活方式品牌及设计工作室创始人及创意总监。撰写了三本书，并为世界各地的创意企业提供咨询。)”可知，Joy Cho为创意性商业提供咨询，如果你打算开一个纪念品店，或许是最有帮助的。故选C。 62．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Our Expert Team wikiHow partners with over 1,000 experts from a wide range of fields to ensure our content is accurate and based on well- established research.( 我们的专家团队与来自广泛领域的1000多名专家合作，以确保我们的内容准确无误，并基于完善的研究。)”；表格中ACCURACY REVIEW部分中“Article submissions are reviewed by Content Managers to ensure they are well- researched.(文章提交由内容管理人员审查，以确保它们经过充分研究。)”以及表格中EXPERT INPUT部分中“Articles are expanded and reviewed by an appropriate expert.( 文章由合适的专家进行扩展和审查。)”可知，内容经理和专家的共同责任是确保文章的可信度。故选C。 (C) In sociology, consumption is about so much more than just taking in or using up resources. Humans consume to survive, of course, but in today’s world, we also consume to entertain and amuse ourselves, and as a way to share time and experiences with others. We consume not only material goods but also services, experiences, information, and cultural products. Consumption today is a central organizing principle of social life. Sociologists recognize that many aspects of our daily lives are structured by consumption. In fact, Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman wrote in the book Consuming Life that Western societies are no longer organized around the act of production, but instead, around consumption. This transition began in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, after which most production jobs were moved overseas, and our economy shifted to retail and the provision of services and information. As a consequence, most of us spend our days consuming rather than producing goods. On any given day, one might travel to work by car; work in an office that requires electricity, gas, oil, water, paper, and a host of consumer electronics and digital goods; purchase a tea, coffee, or soda; go out to a restaurant; pick up dry cleaning; purchase health and hygiene products at a drug store; use purchased groceries to prepare dinner, and then spend the evening watching television, enjoying social media, or reading a book. Who can break free from it? Consumption has taken on great importance in the relationships we develop with others. We often organize visits with others around the act of consuming, whether that be sitting down to eat a home-cooked meal as a family, or meeting friends for a shopping excursion at the mall. In addition, we often use consumer goods to express our feelings for others through the practice of gift-giving. Sociologists also see consumption as an important part of the process of forming and expressing both individual and group identities. In Subculture: The Meaning of Style, sociologist Dick Hebdige observed that identity is often expressed through fashion choices. This happens because we choose consumer goods that we feel say something about who we are. Our consumer choices are often meant to reflect our values and lifestyle, and in doing so, send visual signals to others about the kind of person we are. So, from the sociological perspective, there’s much more to consumption than meets the eye. In fact, there’s so much to study about consumption that there’s a whole subfield dedicated to it: the sociology of consumption. 63．What was the change in the United States in the mid-twentieth century? A．A shift to local production. B．A growth of overseas consumption. C．A focus on retail and services. D．A decline in the value of consumption. 64．The author presents a person’s daily life in paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．encourage people to spend more time working than consuming. B．show the variety of consumer products available on the market. C．suggest that producing goods is no longer part of modern life. D．highlight the constant presence of consumption in people’s life. 65．What can be inferred about consumption in paragraph 4 and 5? A．It discourages gift-giving. B．It conveys individuality. C．It defines culture. D．It sets the fashion trends. 66．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The divided opinions on consumption. B．The effects of consumerism on people’s life. C．The philosophy of consumption in social life. D．The balance between consumption and production. 【答案】63．C 64．D 65．B 66．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文从社会学角度阐述了消费的含义及其在现代社会中的重要性。文章还指出，消费在人际关系、个人与群体身份的形成和表达中扮演着重要角色。因此，社会学中对消费的研究形成了一个专门的子领域：消费社会学。 63．细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“This transition began in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, after which most production jobs were moved overseas, and our economy shifted to retail and the provision of services and information.(这一转变始于20世纪中期的美国，之后大多数生产工作都转移到了海外，我们的经济转向了零售以及服务和信息的提供。)”可知，20世纪中期，美国的经济重心从生产转向了零售和服务业。故选C。 64．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a consequence, most of us spend our days consuming rather than producing goods. (因此，我们大多数人每天都在消费而不是生产商品。)”以及“On any given day, one might travel to work by car; work in an office that requires electricity, gas, oil, water, paper, and a host of consumer electronics and digital goods; purchase a tea, coffee, or soda; go out to a restaurant; pick up dry cleaning; purchase health and hygiene products at a drug store; use purchased groceries to prepare dinner, and then spend the evening watching television, enjoying social media, or reading a book.( 在任何一天，人们都可能开车去上班；在一个需要电、气、油、水、纸和大量消费电子产品和数字产品的办公室工作；买一杯茶、咖啡或苏打水；去餐馆；取干洗衣物；在药店购买保健和卫生用品；用买来的杂货准备晚餐，然后晚上看电视，享受社交媒体，或者看书。)”可知，本段通过列举一个人一天中可能进行的各种消费活动，展示了消费在人们日常生活中的无处不在。因此，作者这样做的目的是为了强调消费在人们生活中的持续存在，选项D“highlight the constant presence of consumption in people’s life(强调消费在人们生活中的持续存在)”符合题意。故选D。 65．推理判断题。根据第四段提到“Consumption has taken on great importance in the relationships we develop with others. (消费在我们与他人建立的关系中扮演着重要角色。)”以及第五段中提到的“Sociologists also see consumption as an important part of the process of forming and expressing both individual and group identities.(社会学家也认为消费是形成和表达个人和群体身份过程的重要组成部分。)”可知，消费在我们与他人建立的关系中扮演着重要角色，以及消费是形成和表达个人和群体身份过程的重要组成部分即消费能够传达个性，故选B。 66．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In sociology, consumption is about so much more than just taking in or using up resources.(在社会学中，消费不仅仅是摄取或使用资源那么简单。)”，接着文章从多个方面阐述了消费在社会生活中的重要性，第四段提到“Consumption has taken on great importance in the relationships we develop with others. (消费在我们与他人建立的关系中扮演着重要角色。)”以及第五段中提到的“Sociologists also see consumption as an important part of the process of forming and expressing both individual and group identities.(社会学家也认为消费是形成和表达个人和群体身份过程的重要组成部分。)”即文章指出了消费如何塑造和表达个人及群体身份、消费在人际关系中的重要性等；同时根据最后一段“So, from the sociological perspective, there’s much more to consumption than meets the eye. In fact, there’s so much to study about consumption that there’s a whole subfield dedicated to it: the sociology of consumption.(因此，从社会学的角度来看，消费的意义远不止表面所见。事实上，关于消费的研究非常多，以至于有一个专门研究它的子领域：消费社会学。)”。因此，本文从社会学角度阐述了消费的含义及其在现代社会中的重要性，由此阐述了消费在社会生活中的哲学。C选项“The philosophy of consumption in social life.(消费在社会生活中的哲学)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意，故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Stanley Cup Craze For Christmas, Sarah Anderson decided to buy herself one of the most popular pieces of drinkware on the market: The 40-ounce Stanley H2.0FlowState Tumbler. Tumblers, water bottles, beverage containers or whatever else people want to call them have become even more popular over the last several years. 67 “A lot of us are into wellness, drinking your vitamins, this and that.” said Melina Vega, a lifestyle, beauty and fashion content creator. Plus, she said the influencers on TikTok, make these products popular by simply talking about them. Countless content creators have been sharing “unboxing” videos and product reviews, gaining hundreds of thousands of likes. 68 In particular, Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said, there was a 275% increase in Stanley H2.0 FlowState Tumbler sales last year. Before the recent craze, cheerleaders and social media influencers didn’t always come to mind when thinking of Stanley. For over 100 years, Stanley has mostly marketed itself as a camping and outdoors brand. “ 69 ” Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said. He described Stanley as an American legacy brand and pointed to the green Stanley thermos as the top choice for construction workers, teachers, nurses and others. But the idea of adjusting the target customers originated with the three women behind the popular e-commerce blog, The Buy Guide, who began linking the Stanley on their website in 2017 after falling in love with the product themselves. It sold out quickly each time they shared it. “ 70 We wanted to stay green, male and hot but also become more colorful, female and cold.” Reilly said. He explained that while Stanley planned to still advertise to the outdoorsman, it would also stylishly focus on this missed audience of women on the go, who need their cold drinks to last all day. A．I think it speaks to the power of women selling to women. B．What makes people go wild for these highly specific drink bottles? C．Green, male and hot. That’s what Stanley has been, and we’re proud of that. D．These likes have translated into significant sales gains, doubling the company’s business two years in a row. E．They have a phenomenal pulse on the conversations on social media—what are people talking about? F．Right now, besides some camping cookware, Stanley’s products are restricted to the beverage-and-container space. 【答案】67．B 68．D 69．C 70．A 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要描述了斯坦利杯热潮的由来和其未来发展的方向。 67．根据上句“Tumblers, water bottles, beverage containers or whatever else people want to call them have become even more popular over the last several years.(在过去的几年里，玻璃杯、水瓶、饮料容器或不管人们怎么叫它们，都变得越来越流行。)”，选项B. What makes people go wild for these highly specific drink bottles?(是什么让人们为这些高度专用的饮料瓶而疯狂？)在此基础上提出了疑问，这些饮料瓶越来越流行的原因是什么，承接上文；下文“A lot of us are into wellness, drinking your vitamins, this and that.(我们很多人都追求健康，喝维他命，喝这个喝那个。)”和“Plus, she said the influencers on TikTok, make these products popular by simply talking about them.(此外，她说，抖音上的网红仅仅通过谈论这些产品就能让它们流行起来。)”具体解释了这些饮料瓶流行的原因，一是因为人们为追求健康喝不同的饮料，应该就需要不同的瓶子；二是抖音网红直播促进了产品的销量，故选项B承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 68．根据上句“Countless content creators have been sharing “unboxing” videos and product reviews, gaining hundreds of thousands of likes.(无数的内容创作者一直在分享“开箱”视频和产品评论，获得了数十万个赞。)”，选项D. These likes have translated into significant sales gains, doubling the company’s business two years in a row.(这些点赞转化为显著的销售增长，使公司的业务连续两年翻一番。)中的“These likes”指代上句的“likes”，进一步说明了这些点赞对销量起到的显著促进效果，语意衔接。故选D。 69．根据上句“For over 100 years, Stanley has mostly marketed itself as a camping and outdoors brand.(100多年来，斯坦利一直把自己定位为露营和户外品牌。)”，选项C. Green, male and hot. That’s what Stanley has been, and we’re proud of that.(绿色、男性、热辣，这就是斯坦利一直以来的定位，我们为此感到自豪。)具体描述了斯坦利对品牌的定位，承接上文；下文“He described Stanley as an American legacy brand and pointed to the green Stanley thermos as the top choice for construction workers, teachers, nurses and others.(他将斯坦利 描述为美国的传统品牌，并指出绿色斯坦利保温瓶是建筑工人、教师、护士和其他人的首选。)”进一步描述了其品牌的定位，指出了绿色斯坦利保温瓶的主要客户群。语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选C。 70．根据上文“But the idea of adjusting the target customers originated with the three women behind the popular e-commerce blog(但调整目标客户的想法是由这个颇受欢迎的电子商务博客背后的三位女性提出的)”和“It sold out quickly each time they shared it.(他们每次分享，很快就卖光了。)”，选项A. I think it speaks to the power of women selling to women.(我认为这说明了女人卖给女人的力量。)是斯坦利全球总裁Reilly所说的话，他解释了上文提到的这三名女性每次在网上分享产品，产品都很快就销售一空的原因，是女人卖给女人的力量所致；下句“We wanted to stay green, male and hot but also become more colorful, female and cold.(我们想保持绿色、男性和热，但也想变得更加丰富多彩、女性和冷。)”补充说明了斯坦利的目标客户不仅要针对男性，还要面向女性的想法，符合语境。故选A。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sue and Johnsy were two young artists, sharing a small flat on the third story of an old house. Once Johnsy fell very seriously ill in November. She had pneumonia. Soon she gave up hope for survival. The doctor who attended her did not see any positive change in her condition. One day he told Sue that Johnsy’s chance of survival was limited unless she had something to hope for. She had made up her mind that she was not going to get well. If she lost her hope to live, medicines would do nothing. Sue tried her best to make Johnsy take interest in things around her. But there was no response from Johnsy. She always lay still on her bed looking at an ivy plant through the window gradually losing its leaves, and had taken it in her mind that she would die when the last leaf fell. Sue continued to convince Johnsy that she was foolish to pin her destiny to the survival of the last leaf on the vine. The old ivy leaves had nothing to do with her getting well. The doctor was confident that she would get better. Johnsy was too depressed to say anything. She kept on counting the remaining leaves on the creeper. One day Sue informed Behrman, an old fellow artist, who was their downstairs-neighbour, about this and he was annoyed that Johnsy had such little hope. He was aware of her wish to die when the last leaf fell. Behrman came to their room and found Johnsy asleep. Sue drew the curtain together and they went to the next room. She peeped out through the window and saw only one leaf on the creeper which seemed to fall anytime because it was raining heavily and icy cold wind was blowing. Behrman did not say a word. He went back to his room and decided to do something for Johnsy’s life. He painted a similar leaf and sticked it on the creeper while Johnsy was sleeping. Next morning, after the storm, Johnsy saw the last remaining leaf still clinging to the creeper. She was filled with hope. She decided that she wanted to continue living. She thought that there must have been a reason that the leaf had refused to die, and it was a sin to want to die. Johnsy soon recovered from her illness. After some time, Sue informed Johnsy that Behrman had died of pneumonia while being out in the wet and cold, painting the last leaf. Behrman had finally painted his long-promised masterpiece— the leaf which saved Johnsy’s life, sacrificing his own in the process. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 71.Johnsy had pneumonia and gave up her hope for survival. Sue tried everything to cheer her up but failed. Johnsy thought when the last leaf on the vine outside her window fell. she would die. So their neighbour Behrman drew a leaf on the vine. At last Johnsy regained hope and recovered but Behrman died of pneumonia. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了琼西得了肺炎，放弃了生存的希望。苏想尽一切办法让她高兴起来，但都失败了。琼西认为，当她窗外最后一片藤蔓叶子落下来时，她就会死去。于是他们的邻居贝尔曼在藤蔓上画了一片叶子。最后，琼西重拾希望，康复了，但贝尔曼却死于肺炎。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Sue and Johnsy were two young artists, sharing a small flat on the third story of an old house. Once Johnsy fell very seriously ill in November. She had pneumonia. Soon she gave up hope for survival. ②Sue tried her best to make Johnsy take interest in things around her. But there was no response from Johnsy. She always lay still on her bed looking at an ivy plant through the window gradually losing its leaves, and had taken it in her mind that she would die when the last leaf fell. ③She was filled with hope. She decided that she wanted to continue living. She thought that there must have been a reason that the leaf had refused to die, and it was a sin to want to die. Johnsy soon recovered from her illness. ④After some time, Sue informed Johnsy that Behrman had died of pneumonia while being out in the wet and cold, painting the last leaf. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 Johnsy had pneumonia and deserted her hope for survival. Sue tried everything to cheer her up but failed. Johnsy believed when the last leaf on the vine outside her window fell, she would die. So their neighbour Behrman painted a leaf on the vine. Finally Johnsy regained hope and recovered but Behrman died of pneumonia. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Johnsy believed when the last leaf on the vine outside her window fell, she would die.运用when引导时间状语从句对第二段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] At last Johnsy regained hope and recovered but Behrman died of pneumonia.用一般过去时对最后一段进行了概括。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 开车时遮挡车牌号是违法的。(It) ________________ 73. 在做出抉择之前，务必充分权衡这一决定将产生的后果。(weigh) ________________ 74. 参加艺术活动不仅可以缓解压力、培养创造力，还能延年益寿。(not only) ________________ 75. 在信息泛滥的互联网时代，我们要学会独立思考和自主判断, 而不是盲目从众。(rather than) ________________ 【答案】 72. It is illegal to cover your license plate (number) when (you are) driving. 73. Be sure to weigh the consequences of your decision before you make it. 74. Engaging in art activities not only helps relieve stress and cultivate creativity, but also extends our life spans / enables us to live longer. 75. In the Internet age/era of unlimited information/ flooded with information, we should learn to think independently and make our own judgments rather than blindly follow the crowd. 【解析】 【72题详解】 考查形式主语及时间状语从句。分析可知，因该句子描述的是客观情况，所以使用一般现在时。为避免头重脚轻，采用It引导的形式主语句型，即it + adj. + to do sth.；to cover your license plate/number（遮挡车牌号）则为真正主语；when（you are）driving做时间状语。故翻译为：It is illegal to cover your license plate (number) when (you are) driving. 【73题详解】 考查动词用法及祈使句。分析可知，句子采用时态为一般现在时。祈使句型：be sure to do sth…（务必/确保……）；充分权衡这一决定将产生的后果：weigh the consequences of your decision；before you make it做时间状语从句。故翻译为：Be sure to weigh the consequences of your decision before you make it. 【74题详解】 考查it句型及动名词作主语。分析可知，该句采用时态为一般现在时；Engaging in art activities（参加艺术活动）动名词作主语；句型not only…but(also)…不但，而且…..；缓解压力、培养创造力为help relieve stress and cultivate creativity、延年益寿为extend our life spans / enable us to live longer。故翻译为：Engaging in art activities not only helps relieve stress and cultivate creativity, but also extends our life spans/enables us to live longer. 【75题详解】 考查时间状语及连词。分析可知，该句时态采用一般现在时。在信息泛滥的互联网时代为In the Internet age/era of unlimited information；独立思考think independently；自主判断make our own judgments；连词rather than而不是；盲目从众blindly follow the crowd/follow the crowd blindly。故翻译为：In the Internet age/era of unlimited information/flooded with information, we should learn to think independently and make our own judgments rather than blindly follow the crowd. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，你校英语话剧团正在招募演员。请你给话剧团团长Chris写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．表达应聘意愿； 2．阐述自己的优势； 3．期待回复。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I am writing to express my interest in joining the school drama club as an actor. I have always been passionate about acting and have participated in several school plays. My strong memorization skills and ability to convey emotions effectively make me a suitable candidate for this role. Additionally, I am a team player and enjoy collaborating with others to bring a story to life. I am confident that my enthusiasm and dedication will contribute positively to the club. I look forward to your positive reply. Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于申请信。要求考生给话剧团团长Chris写一封邮件申请加入话剧团，因为学校的英语话剧团正在招募演员。 【详解】1.词汇积累 热情的：passionate→enthusiastic 参加：participate in→take part in/engage in 此外：additionally→in addition/besides/what’s more 合作：collaborate→cooperate/team up with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：My strong memorization skills and ability to convey emotions effectively make me a suitable candidate for this role. 拓展句：I have strong memorization skills and ability to convey emotions effectively, which makes me a suitable candidate for this role. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have always been passionate about acting and have participated in several school plays. (运用了动名词作宾语和现在完成时。) 【高分句型2】My strong memorization skills and ability to convey emotions effectively make me a suitable candidate for this role. (运用了动词不定式作后置定语和“make+宾语+宾补”句型。) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Men's suits. B. Books. C. Bags. D. Women's shoes. 2. A. Beneficial. B. Unhealthy. C. Common. D. Rare. 3. A. Buy some biscuit. B. Avoid running any risk. C. Take the job offer he has got. D. Wait for a better opportunity. 4. A. It is under-staffed. B. It is crowded with customers. C. It isn't big enough. D. It doesn't provide good service. 5. A. He is anticipating a fresh start. B. He is reading a new chapter of a book. C. He is going to find a new job in the city. D. He is looking forward to the woman's arrival. 6. A. He thinks the lecture is boring. B. He thinks the lecture is attractive C. He doesn't agree with the woman. D. He couldn't understand the lecturer. 7. A. No ticket is available for next Sunday. B. She needs to check first. C. The concert has already been canceled. D. She is fully occupied next Sunday. 8. A. They should stop working on the puzzle for the moment. B. They should take a break and grab something to eat. C. The woman should come back as soon as possible. D. The woman should buy a new pair of glasses. 9. A. It is an essential measure to be taken for the climate change. B. It is too great a change for him to adjust to. C. It is just one of the policies issued by the company. D. It is a necessary adaptation to evolving conditions. 10. A. She prefers to know the endings of a book in advance. B. She likes staying behind the curtain before a show. C. She can't resist finishing a book once she starts reading it. D. She doesn't care about where she is while reading a book. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A special kind of light found just in fireflies. B. A type of electricity used by underwater creatures. C. Light made by living things using special body processes. D. The ability of sharks to see in the dark. 12. A. Being the biggest shark in the ocean. B. Having the ability to produce its own light. C. Being the fastest swimmer among sharks. D. Living in the deep ocean for a long time. 13. A. To move to their food without being noticed. B. To communicate with other ocean creatures. C. To perform tricks for entertainment. D. To light up the ocean floor for other sea animals. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. An innovative power source for wearable devices. B. Challenges for most wearable devices available. C. Wearable devices that serve different purposes. D. Changes in the way people use wearable devices. 15. A. Turning chemicals in a wearer's sweat into electricity. B. Generating electricity while the wearer is running. C. Monitoring wearers' health conditions. D. Improving wearers' sleep at night. 16. A. To reduce the demand for traditional batteries. B. To make wearable devices more accessible. C. To let wearers know their body's natural processes. D. To revolutionize the production of wearable devices. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The use of activated carbon in various products and its claimed advantages. B. New technological advancements in the production of activated carbon. C. The economic impact of activated carbon on the market. D. The latest fashion trends and clothing materials. 18. A. It has been proven to be effective in whitening teeth. B. There is solid evidence that it brightens teeth or makes breath fresher. C. It is recommended by most dentists for dental cleanliness. D. There is no conclusive proof supporting its benefits for oral health. 19. A. It is safe but may not live up to what people expect. B. It is effective for purifying some chemical substances. C. It is harmful and should be avoided. D. It is essential for modern products. 20. A. He is open to tasting the carbon ice cream once. B. He is enthusiastic about switching to such products. C. He believes it will be beneficial for his health. D. He doubts its effect and refuses to try it. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Has the Great Wall Preserved So Well? The Great Wall, a symbol of ancient civilization, stretches across northern China. Despite its grandeur, 21 remains today is only a part of its former self, due to the wear and damage caused by time and nature. However, a recent discovery reveals that nature 22 might be playing a crucial role in preserving this historical wonder. Thin layers of bacteria and other organisms, known as biocrusts, have been considered 23 (protect) sections of the Great Wall, sheltering it from wind and rain, and other destructive elements. A study published in Science Advances highlights the significant role these “living skins” play in conserving this ancient architectural marvel. 24 advances in technology and research, scientists are now exploring the potential of cultivating new biocrusts to prevent further degradation of the Wall. Nichole Barger, an ecologist, praises the study as “innovative and creative”, noting that the protective effects of biocrusts 25 (gain) increasing recognition in recent years. It is acknowledged that dryland ecosystems 26 (stabilize) and soil erosion (侵蚀) is prevented by these biological layers. 27 the more famous sections of the Great Wall are constructed from stones or bricks, other parts were built using packed soil. Yet, the same packed soils can also host biocrusts, 28 cover about 12% of the Earth’s land surface, particularly in dry regions like northern China. These biocrusts vary in form, 29 (range) from thin bacterial networks to thicker layers of lichen (青苔) . Soil scientist Bo Xiao from the China Agricultural University, along with his colleagues, conducted a study to investigate the role of biocrusts in preserving the Great Wall. Their research revealed that biocrusts, primarily 30 (compose) of moss or bacteria, covered more than two-thirds of the Wall’s surface in the areas they examined. By studying the physical properties, they made a significant discovery. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．characteristics   B．diverse   C． employ    D．function   E. issue F. integration      G. hit       H. military   I. potential   J. schemes   K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes (原型) of biometric bodysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their 31 , or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The 32 version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should 33 the market within a few years. Frederic Zenhausern, director of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of “biometric bodysuits” that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such “smart” clothing could 34 future soldiers early warning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and fluidics (流体学) can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of 35 tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic.” he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different 36 . Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health. It is made of clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or 37 as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it could all be made to look stylish by the 38 of electronics and high-fashion designs, he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has 39 far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy, a Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, sees possibilities to 40 the technology in building design. As an example, she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To be honest. I’ve been missing the online shopping experience in China since I moved to the US four years ago. So when I noticed Shein becoming mainstream in the US over the past few years, I though, Great! I finally have a Taohao replacement! So I went on my first Shein journey in August 2022. But somewhere along the way, I started questioning why I enjoy this particular kind of shopping, and also what it means for an e-commerce platform to offer endless deals. To be fair, there are Shein purchases that I’ve really enjoyed, like a $2 nylon watchband that feels better than my original Apple Watch band. I also think people should be able to choose quantity and price over quality, because the idea of demanding that people only buy premium products feels unrealistic. But as it turns out, I’ve finally started to see through the illusion (错觉) of Shein-like platforms. To get these occasional incredible deals, you are encouraged to shop much more than is necessary or even reasonable. This illusion has worked for a long time and for a lot of people, including me! But it’s become harder and harder to ignore the environmental consequences of my purchases, and the ways in which platforms trick people into buying more and more. And I don’t think I’m the only one experiencing that awakening. Broadly speaking, I think society is slowly but surely shifting toward recognizing the climate impact of mass-produced cheap goods. While these conversations have yet to happen as widely and furiously in China, companies like Taobao and Shein will inevitably have to answer the question of whether their business model is sustainable for everyone—or only for themselves. So where are they beading from here? There’s certainly a lot of soul-searching for the industry to do. And I’m doing some soul-searching of my own. 56．Why does the author mention a “$2 nylon watchband”? A．To compare it with her original band. B．To persuade readers to buy it. C．To show her satisfaction with Shein. D．To show its cheapness. 57．What does the underlined word “premium” mean in the third paragraph? A．High-quantity. B．Expensive. C．High-quality. D．Original. 58．What do the customers tend to do with the illusion of Shein-like platforms? A．They get incredible products on sale. B．They often buy much more than what they need. C．They ignore the environmental impacts. D．They are tricked into buying more and more reasonable products. 59．What is a consequence of endless deals in e-commerce platforms? A．Environmental harm. B．Price reduction. C．Energy shortage. D．Worldwide starvation. (B) Information You Can Trust —A Guide to Our Editorial Process Our goal at wikiHow is to deliver trustworthy articles that engage our readers and meet their informational and emotional needs. For 18 years, we’ve committed to our step- by- step teaching model and continue to create the best how- to experience on the Internet. We’ve helped millions of people solve problems, learn new skills, and feel supported in the ordinary and complex moments of life. Our Expert Team wikiHow partners with over 1,000 experts from a wide range of fields to ensure our content is accurate and based on well- established research. ● MENTAL HEALTH, Chloe Carmichael, Licensed Clinical Psychologist Licensed Clinical Psychologist. Specializes in relationship and stress. ● PETS, Brian Bourquin, Veterinarian (兽医) and Clinic Owner Owner of Boston Veterinary Clinic, specializing in primary and emergency care. ● DIY, Joy Cho, Founder & Creative Director Founder and Creative Director of lifestyle brand and design studio. Authored three books and consulted for creative businesses around the world. ● PERSONAL STYLE, Dedra Allen, Cosmetologist (美容师) CEO of Jdoah Beauty Salon. Over 30 years of experience as a licensed cosmetologist. Meet more of wikiHow’s 1700+ experts >> Our Editorial Process Our content is created and edited by real and seasoned professional writers so that our users are served the most original, helpful, and accurate information possible at wikiHow. CONTENT CREATION ACCURACY REVIEW EXPERT INPUT TRACKED ANDUPDATED Articles are created by our team of trained writers and our community of how- to and DIY enthusiasts. Article submissions are reviewed by Content Managers to ensure they are well- researched. Articles are expanded and reviewed by an appropriate expert. Articles are tracked and updated based on data analysis and feedback from readers and the community. 60．What is the primary focus of wikiHow? A．To provide systematic schooling. B．To give detailed and practical advice. C．To make comments on current affairs. D．To share true stories of different people. 61．If you intend to open a souvenir store, which expert might be most helpful? A．Chloe Carmichael. B．Brian Bourquin. C．Joy Cho. D．Dedra Allen. 62．What is a shared responsibility of Content Managers and experts at wikiHow? A．Writing articles for wikiHow. B．Training writers for w íkiHow. C．Ensuring the credibility of articles. D．Reviewing the originality of articles. (C) In sociology, consumption is about so much more than just taking in or using up resources. Humans consume to survive, of course, but in today’s world, we also consume to entertain and amuse ourselves, and as a way to share time and experiences with others. We consume not only material goods but also services, experiences, information, and cultural products. Consumption today is a central organizing principle of social life. Sociologists recognize that many aspects of our daily lives are structured by consumption. In fact, Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman wrote in the book Consuming Life that Western societies are no longer organized around the act of production, but instead, around consumption. This transition began in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, after which most production jobs were moved overseas, and our economy shifted to retail and the provision of services and information. As a consequence, most of us spend our days consuming rather than producing goods. On any given day, one might travel to work by car; work in an office that requires electricity, gas, oil, water, paper, and a host of consumer electronics and digital goods; purchase a tea, coffee, or soda; go out to a restaurant; pick up dry cleaning; purchase health and hygiene products at a drug store; use purchased groceries to prepare dinner, and then spend the evening watching television, enjoying social media, or reading a book. Who can break free from it? Consumption has taken on great importance in the relationships we develop with others. We often organize visits with others around the act of consuming, whether that be sitting down to eat a home-cooked meal as a family, or meeting friends for a shopping excursion at the mall. In addition, we often use consumer goods to express our feelings for others through the practice of gift-giving. Sociologists also see consumption as an important part of the process of forming and expressing both individual and group identities. In Subculture: The Meaning of Style, sociologist Dick Hebdige observed that identity is often expressed through fashion choices. This happens because we choose consumer goods that we feel say something about who we are. Our consumer choices are often meant to reflect our values and lifestyle, and in doing so, send visual signals to others about the kind of person we are. So, from the sociological perspective, there’s much more to consumption than meets the eye. In fact, there’s so much to study about consumption that there’s a whole subfield dedicated to it: the sociology of consumption. 63．What was the change in the United States in the mid-twentieth century? A．A shift to local production. B．A growth of overseas consumption. C．A focus on retail and services. D．A decline in the value of consumption. 64．The author presents a person’s daily life in paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．encourage people to spend more time working than consuming. B．show the variety of consumer products available on the market. C．suggest that producing goods is no longer part of modern life. D．highlight the constant presence of consumption in people’s life. 65．What can be inferred about consumption in paragraph 4 and 5? A．It discourages gift-giving. B．It conveys individuality. C．It defines culture. D．It sets the fashion trends. 66．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The divided opinions on consumption. B．The effects of consumerism on people’s life. C．The philosophy of consumption in social life. D．The balance between consumption and production. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Stanley Cup Craze For Christmas, Sarah Anderson decided to buy herself one of the most popular pieces of drinkware on the market: The 40-ounce Stanley H2.0FlowState Tumbler. Tumblers, water bottles, beverage containers or whatever else people want to call them have become even more popular over the last several years. 67 “A lot of us are into wellness, drinking your vitamins, this and that.” said Melina Vega, a lifestyle, beauty and fashion content creator. Plus, she said the influencers on TikTok, make these products popular by simply talking about them. Countless content creators have been sharing “unboxing” videos and product reviews, gaining hundreds of thousands of likes. 68 In particular, Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said, there was a 275% increase in Stanley H2.0 FlowState Tumbler sales last year. Before the recent craze, cheerleaders and social media influencers didn’t always come to mind when thinking of Stanley. For over 100 years, Stanley has mostly marketed itself as a camping and outdoors brand. “ 69 ” Stanley Global President Terrence Reilly said. He described Stanley as an American legacy brand and pointed to the green Stanley thermos as the top choice for construction workers, teachers, nurses and others. But the idea of adjusting the target customers originated with the three women behind the popular e-commerce blog, The Buy Guide, who began linking the Stanley on their website in 2017 after falling in love with the product themselves. It sold out quickly each time they shared it. “ 70 We wanted to stay green, male and hot but also become more colorful, female and cold.” Reilly said. He explained that while Stanley planned to still advertise to the outdoorsman, it would also stylishly focus on this missed audience of women on the go, who need their cold drinks to last all day. A．I think it speaks to the power of women selling to women. B．What makes people go wild for these highly specific drink bottles? C．Green, male and hot. That’s what Stanley has been, and we’re proud of that. D．These likes have translated into significant sales gains, doubling the company’s business two years in a row. E．They have a phenomenal pulse on the conversations on social media—what are people talking about? F．Right now, besides some camping cookware, Stanley’s products are restricted to the beverage-and-container space. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sue and Johnsy were two young artists, sharing a small flat on the third story of an old house. Once Johnsy fell very seriously ill in November. She had pneumonia. Soon she gave up hope for survival. The doctor who attended her did not see any positive change in her condition. One day he told Sue that Johnsy’s chance of survival was limited unless she had something to hope for. She had made up her mind that she was not going to get well. If she lost her hope to live, medicines would do nothing. Sue tried her best to make Johnsy take interest in things around her. But there was no response from Johnsy. She always lay still on her bed looking at an ivy plant through the window gradually losing its leaves, and had taken it in her mind that she would die when the last leaf fell. Sue continued to convince Johnsy that she was foolish to pin her destiny to the survival of the last leaf on the vine. The old ivy leaves had nothing to do with her getting well. The doctor was confident that she would get better. Johnsy was too depressed to say anything. She kept on counting the remaining leaves on the creeper. One day Sue informed Behrman, an old fellow artist, who was their downstairs-neighbour, about this and he was annoyed that Johnsy had such little hope. He was aware of her wish to die when the last leaf fell. Behrman came to their room and found Johnsy asleep. Sue drew the curtain together and they went to the next room. She peeped out through the window and saw only one leaf on the creeper which seemed to fall anytime because it was raining heavily and icy cold wind was blowing. Behrman did not say a word. He went back to his room and decided to do something for Johnsy’s life. He painted a similar leaf and sticked it on the creeper while Johnsy was sleeping. Next morning, after the storm, Johnsy saw the last remaining leaf still clinging to the creeper. She was filled with hope. She decided that she wanted to continue living. She thought that there must have been a reason that the leaf had refused to die, and it was a sin to want to die. Johnsy soon recovered from her illness. After some time, Sue informed Johnsy that Behrman had died of pneumonia while being out in the wet and cold, painting the last leaf. Behrman had finally painted his long-promised masterpiece— the leaf which saved Johnsy’s life, sacrificing his own in the process. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72. 开车时遮挡车牌号是违法的。(It) ________________ 73. 在做出抉择之前，务必充分权衡这一决定将产生的后果。(weigh) ________________ 74. 参加艺术活动不仅可以缓解压力、培养创造力，还能延年益寿。(not only) ________________ 75. 在信息泛滥的互联网时代，我们要学会独立思考和自主判断, 而不是盲目从众。(rather than) ________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，你校英语话剧团正在招募演员。请你给话剧团团长Chris写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．表达应聘意愿； 2．阐述自己的优势； 3．期待回复。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 1 ·基础卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 ABCAA 6-10 BAADA 11-13 CBA 14-16 AAA 17-20 ADAA II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21．what 22．itself 23．to protect/to be protecting 24．With 25．have gained 26．are stabilized 27．While/Though/Although 28．which 29．ranging 30．composed Section B 31．K 32．H 33．G 34．E 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．F 39．I 40．C III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．A 554．A 55．B Section B 56．C 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．B 61．C 62．C 63．C 64．D 65．B 66．C Section C 67． B 68．D 69．C 70．A IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71.Johnsy had pneumonia and gave up her hope for survival. Sue tried everything to cheer her up but failed. Johnsy thought when the last leaf on the vine outside her window fell. she would die. So their neighbour Behrman drew a leaf on the vine. At last Johnsy regained hope and recovered but Behrman died of pneumonia. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72. It is illegal to cover your license plate (number) when (you are) driving. 73. Be sure to weigh the consequences of your decision before you make it. 74. Engaging in art activities not only helps relieve stress and cultivate creativity, but also extends our life spans / enables us to live longer. 75. In the Internet age/era of unlimited information/ flooded with information, we should learn to think independently and make our own judgments rather than blindly follow the crowd. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Chris, I am writing to express my interest in joining the school drama club as an actor. I have always been passionate about acting and have participated in several school plays. My strong memorization skills and ability to convey emotions effectively make me a suitable candidate for this role. Additionally, I am a team player and enjoy collaborating with others to bring a story to life. I am confident that my enthusiasm and dedication will contribute positively to the club. I look forward to your positive reply. Best regards, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $