Unit1 Decisions（单元测试·提升卷）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第二册

2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At the airport. B. In a cinema. C. In a coffee shop. D. At the school gate. 2. A. He is worried that he will be late for the train. B. He doesn't know the downtown train's status. C. He is going to take the downtown train as well. D. He doesn't care about whether the train is delayed. 3. A. Choosing a type of exercise. B. Kickboxing techniques. C. Joining a fitness class. D. Finding a motivational instructor. 4. A. Their plans for a business meeting. B. Ways to prepare the PowerPoint slides. C. The quarterly sales report. D. The marketing strategies. 5. A. The situation will improve and the outcome will be rewarding. B. The path becomes more difficult the closer they get to the top. C. They should turn back because the path is too difficult. D. It will soon be dawn and literally darker. 6. A. She bought the dress some time ago. B. She looks great in the new dress. C. She doesn't like cold weather at all. D. She has been waiting for the man. 7. A. Place an order for the novel online and pick it up later. B. Purchase the latest John Grisham novel for himself. C. Recommend a different author to the woman. D. Check if the novel is in stock and get it if it's available. 8. A. Decide to visit the store later. B. Ignore the man's comments. C. Express disinterest in the store. D. Recommend another store instead. 9. A. Ask for the location of the policy meeting. B. Prepare the briefing documents for the meeting. C. Decide not to include any statistics. D. Postpone the policy meeting. 10. A. She did well in the test. B. She is going to the park. C. She wants to know the answers. D. She felt confident in the man. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. the choices on the screen. 11. A. She thought the job did not pay enough. B. She was too old for the job. C. She was too busy to enjoy herself. D. She did not like socializing with others. 12. A. Disappointing. B. Creative. C. Well-paid. D. Exhausting. 13. A. A woman's expectation for a peaceful life. B. A woman's experience of changing her career. C. A woman's opinion of work pressure. D. A woman's failure to realize her childhood dream. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A device designed to enhance shopping experience. B. Shopping malls intending to promote themselves. C. Unpleasant shopping experience at Christmas. D. Shoppers who are scared off by Christmas shopping. 15. A. Map out the quickest shopping route. B. Provide them with a better Wi-Fi connection. C. Help them discover their own shopping habit. D. Calculate the total cost of their shopping lists. 16. A. By purchasing recommended items for them. B. By providing detailed maps of the mall. C. By suggesting fun activities they might like. D. By limiting access to stores not in their preference list. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He found farming to be more profitable. B. He wanted to make a meaningful impact. C. He was no longer interested in sports. D. He wanted to pursue a less stressful career. 18. A. By teaching himself with online resources. B. By reading books about farming. C. By attending a farming school. D. By hiring neighboring farmers to do the work. 19. A. He used it to feed his family. B. He sold it for a high profit. C. He donated it to food banks. D. He stored it for future use. 20. A. It motivates them to consider helping others with their abilities and interests. B. It encourages them to devote more time to playing sports to keep fit. C. It makes them seriously think about the idea of starting a farm on their own. D. It discourages them from pursuing the current careers that are not interested in. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. China, with her ambitious space program, is now on the point of turning her widest dream into reality. Recent breakthroughs in lunar soil research   21 (pave) the way for potential lunar base construction, a feat that could revolutionize our understanding of space and its potential for human settlement. The Chinese lunar exploration program has been strategic, with each mission   22 (build) upon the last to deepen our knowledge of Earth’s nearest neighbor. However, it is the latest research on the lunar soil 23 has truly opened doors to the future. Chinese researchers have discovered a method to extract water from lunar soil through a high-temperature reaction. This process involves heating the soil to temperatures above 1000°C, causing the hydrogen stored in the soil due to solar wind irradiation over millions of years 24 (react) with iron oxides, producing elemental iron and a significant amount of water. This discovery is crucial   25 it suggests that 1 ton of lunar soil could yield approximately 50 kilograms of water, enough to sustain the daily water needs of 50 people. The implications of this research are profound. Water is not only vital for human survival but is also a key component for producing oxygen and rocket fuel. With this method, a sustainable supply of water could be harnessed on the moon, greatly facilitating the establishment of a lunar research station and potentially a   26 (permanent) base. The strategy proposed by the research team involves melting the lunar soil to produce water vapor. The leftover iron could be used for 27 (manufacture) magnetic materials, and the soil 28 (melt) could serve as a building material for infrastructure. This method is a game-changer, reducing the need to transport materials from Earth and making lunar construction more feasible. China’s vision for a lunar base extends 29 scientific research. It is about establishing a foothold for humanity in the cosmos, a stepping stone for deeper space exploration. The Chinese space agency has already outlined plans for an international lunar research station by 2030, 30 will involve the construction of facilities for multidisciplinary research and technological verification. The journey from research to base construction is undoubtedly full of challenges, but the prospect of China’s lunar base is promising. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．threat   B．originally   C． defense   D．reduced   E. potential   F. destructive G. unintentionally   H. enormous   I. released   J. astronomical   K. adapted Our Unwelcome Guests If you picnic in a Texas park, chances are that you'll encounter fire ants -- a troublesome pest renowned for their painful and irritating stings. This invasive (入侵的) species, like many others, is not only annoying but also expensive and   31 . From the vast landscapes of Texas to the exotic shores in China, non-native animals, plants, bacteria and viruses are damaging economies and ecosystems. An invasive species is any kind of living thing that is foreign to a particular ecosystem and causes harm. Sometimes non-native species are imported   32 , like in the 1930s when cargo ships from South America accidentally took fire ants to North America. Other times non-native species are purposely brought in. For instance, certain Asian fish species, 33 imported from China to clean fish farms in the U. S., escaped and entered local rivers. Similarly, green iguanas were brought to China as pets, but some irresponsible owners 34 them into the wild. The same thing occurred in Florida with Burmese pythons. The worldwide economic impact of introduced species is   35 . According to U. S. government estimates, invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion annually. The economic impact of fire ants alone totals in the billions. Various U. S. agencies spend hundreds of millions fighting introduced species such as Asian carp, Africanized bees and Burmese pythons. In southern China, green iguanas are damaging irrigation systems, harming agricultural production and posing a   36 to the native reptile (爬行动物) populations. Invasive species have the   37 to destroy their new habitats by upsetting the local ecosystems. They often lack natural predators (掠食者) in their new environment and out-compete native species for food and other resources. They may even prey on local species. In Florida, for instance, pythons have   38 some regional mammal populations by 90 percent. Additionally, Invasive species can also carry diseases against which local species have no natural   39 , resulting in the extinction of an entire native species. Alarmingly, the National Wildlife Federation in the U. S. reports that, “Invasive species are among the primary dangers to native wildlife. Roughly 42 percent of endangered species are at risk due to invasive species.” Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs connected to invasive species will become 40 . III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It’s normal for young children to cheat when they’re playing board games. As they grow older, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, not necessarily in winning it. By the time they reach their teens, they have usually learned not to cheat. Sadly, this was not the case for a player in a national board game championship held annually in the US. The player wanted to win so much that he turned to cheating. The board game was Scrabble. In the game, players have to make words from individual letters on small squares called “tiles,” and then put the words on a board. Two of the most useful tiles in the game are the blanks, which are tiles without any letters on them. A blank isn’t worth any points, but a player can use it to replace any letter of the alphabet. The cheater in this particular competition was a 15-year-old boy from Orlando, Florida. He had surprised organizers in the early stages of the competition by beating some of the best players, despite the fact that he had never played in competitions before. This made some of the other players suspicious, including the man who caught him, 43-year-old Arthur Moore. Moore had already played the boy the day before, and Moore had won the game, although the boy had had both of the blank tiles. In Scrabble, before a new game starts, the players put the tiles from the previous game back into a small bag. This time, Moore had a good look at the tiles on the table before he and his opponent put them in the bag to start the game. He was not surprised to see that the two blanks were together on the table in front of the boy. As the two players were putting the tiles into the bag. Moore watched the boy’s left hand. He saw the boy pick up the two blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal for Moore to call one of the organizers and accuse the boy of cheating. When the boy was taken away for questioning, he admitted to taking the two blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result of his cheating, the competition director disqualified him and banned him from playing in the competition again. 56．According to the passage, why do young children cheat in board games? A．They are eager to win. B．They dislike the games. C．They don’t know what cheating is. D．They don’t want to take part in the games. 57．Why are the two blank tiles most useful in Scrabble? A．They are the most obvious tiles in the game. B．Players can decide how many points they are worth. C．Players earn more points if they leave the tiles unused. D．They can be used when players don’t have the right letter. 58．The word “suspicious” (in paragraph 3) most probably means “________”. A．supportive B．disappointed C．mistrustful D．honoured 59．How did the boy cheat? A．By putting the tiles into his own bag. B．By hiding the blank tiles for future use. C．By cooperating with his opponent secretly. D．By lying that he had never played the game. (B) B B C SHOP Entertaining. Informing. Inspiring.WHAT A RELIEF! Delight everyone on your holiday gift list with great gifts from the BBC． You’ll earn heartfelt thanks from nature lovers for Planet Earth I & II: The Complete Collection (page 41) — inspiring look at our planet’s wildest, most mysterious creatures and their breathtaking home. ...from mystery lovers for Sherlock: Complete Seasons 1-4 and The Abominable Bride Gifiset (page 13) — entertaining proof that Holmes can be difficult, dangerous, accurate, and absolute funny. ...and from those who appreciate all things British. Delight Charles Dickens fans with Dickensian (page 7). The new drama series with more adventures for Dickens” characters...Dinner with Dickens Cookbook (page 9) with procedures for delicate dishes...and Tom Baker Reads “A Christmas poem” (page 8) for a wonderful new holiday tradition. Plus teapots, T-shirts, shortbread, mugs and more-just in time for the holidays. Enjoy! THE MOMENT Welcome to murder, suspense, romance, robbery and clothing in this exciting historical drama! Trouble begins for Rachel Verinder the day she inherits a large diamond stolen from a Hindu temple. When it disappears again, suspicion falls on Franklin Blake, the man who loves her. But what about mysterious cousin Godfrey, the housemaid with a thieving past, and doctor who carries out weird experiments? Blake must discover the fate of the Moonstone or lose Rachel forever. A powerful tale and emotionally sudden changes, based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins. 3¾ hours. DVD     21024     $34.99         YOUR PRICE: ¥27.98 WALKERS CHRISTMAS TREE SHORTBREAD AND TINS Santa and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins — perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year after year. Lift the treetops and taste the delicious secret inside: pure butter shortbread shaped like mini-Christmas trees, and made from only finest ingredients-flour, butter, sugar and salt. Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands, they follow a generations-old family procedure, first perfected by Joseph Walker in 1898. While the shortbread will disappear as if by magic, the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come. Wonderful hostess gifts. Both tins: 6’h ×4¾'d; net wt.4.4 oz. Angel 21042 $19.98 Santa 21043 $19.98 60．Linda’s boyfriend is a young man aspiring to be a chef, so she’d better refer to Page for a Christmas present for him. A．41 B．13 C．9 D．7 61．Which of the following about “The Moment” is TRUE? A．It is an adapted drama lasting nearly 4 hours. B．The plot is what captivates the audience, rather than the cast. C．There are five people under suspicion for the theft of the diamond. D．It is inspired by the most celebrated mystery novel written by Wikie Collins. 62．How many of the following statements about the shortbread are FALSE? 1) It is enclosed in a metal container featuring images of both an angel and Santa. 2) It is mainly produced in manufacturing plants throughout Scotland. 3) It follows a highly secret procedure that was perfected by Joseph Walker. 4) It often disappears magically alongside the tin. A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 (C) The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile. This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret. Scientists using X-rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work. An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century. “He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物) — plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting. The scientists looked into its atomic structure using X-rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it,” Gonzalez said. Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th-century paintings. Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art. It’s believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying. “What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.” But the Mona Lisa — said by the Louvre to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman — There’s more to her gaze than meets the eye. “What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said. 63．What technique did da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa? A．The employment of tailored X-rays. B．The application of a rare lead compound. C．A special mixture of oil paints. D．The universal use of atomic structures. 64．What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo’s painting approach? A．Willingness to experiment. B．Giving priority to conventions. C．Technically identical output. D．Concentration on paint drying. 65．What is Gonzalez’s attitude towards the use of lead oxide powder? A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 66．What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph? A．It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B．It echoes the realities of the worldly life. C．It’s a perfect combination of old and new. D．It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Addiction to Labeling Maybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves. These days, labeling is everywhere. 67 However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist. If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “ 68 Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds. 69 “Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult. Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable. 70 And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do. A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Global Cooperation In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields. There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve. Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems. It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas. 71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．这些路边咖啡店都有各自的回头客。(own) 73．网上信息参差不齐，有些只是为了博眼球而夸大其词。(which) 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 75．与同类产品相比，这款产品实现了体积更小、重量更轻、功能更全、精度更高的目标。(achieve) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你的居住地哈尔滨举办，现正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封信。 内容包括： 1.个人情况； 2.个人条件； 3.承诺。 注意： 1.词数80左右，开头语已为你写好； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 1 ·提升卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 ABCAA 6-10 ADABA 11-13 CAB 14-16 AAC 17-20 BACA II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21．have paved 22．built 23．that 24．to react 25．because/as 26．permanent 27．manufacturing 28．melted/molten 29．to 30．which Section B 31．F 32．G 33．B 34．I 35．H 36．A 37．E 38．D 39．C 40．J III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．A 55．B Section B 56．A 57．D 58．C 59．B 60．C 61．A 62．D 63．B 64．A 65．D 66．A Section C 67． B 68．E 69．A 70．F IV.Summary Writing (共10分） In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development. Scientists are working together to make breakthroughs. They also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas information freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72.These roadside coffee shops have their own regular customers. 73.There is a lot of misleading/false/incorrect information online, some of which is exaggerated/ overstated to grab your attention. 74.After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/facilities, taking on a new look. 75.Compared with similar products, this one has achieved the goals of smaller volume, lighter weight, more complete functions and higher precision. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Sir / Madam: My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games. I am so excited to know that the Winter Asian Games will be held in the city where I live. I am writing this application to express my interest in being one of you. Here’s my introduction. I am an 18-year-old boy student in a senior middle school. Besides, I have a good command of English and I like sports very much. What’s more, I like to help others and always get along well with others. Last but not least, I am familiar with local situation, which enables me to offer the best service. Hope the games will be a great success. I would appreciate it if I can get an opportunity to join you. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At the airport. B. In a cinema. C. In a coffee shop. D. At the school gate. 2. A. He is worried that he will be late for the train. B. He doesn't know the downtown train's status. C. He is going to take the downtown train as well. D. He doesn't care about whether the train is delayed. 3. A. Choosing a type of exercise. B. Kickboxing techniques. C. Joining a fitness class. D. Finding a motivational instructor. 4. A. Their plans for a business meeting. B. Ways to prepare the PowerPoint slides. C. The quarterly sales report. D. The marketing strategies. 5. A. The situation will improve and the outcome will be rewarding. B. The path becomes more difficult the closer they get to the top. C. They should turn back because the path is too difficult. D. It will soon be dawn and literally darker. 6. A. She bought the dress some time ago. B. She looks great in the new dress. C. She doesn't like cold weather at all. D. She has been waiting for the man. 7. A. Place an order for the novel online and pick it up later. B. Purchase the latest John Grisham novel for himself. C. Recommend a different author to the woman. D. Check if the novel is in stock and get it if it's available. 8. A. Decide to visit the store later. B. Ignore the man's comments. C. Express disinterest in the store. D. Recommend another store instead. 9. A. Ask for the location of the policy meeting. B. Prepare the briefing documents for the meeting. C. Decide not to include any statistics. D. Postpone the policy meeting. 10. A. She did well in the test. B. She is going to the park. C. She wants to know the answers. D. She felt confident in the man. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. the choices on the screen. 11. A. She thought the job did not pay enough. B. She was too old for the job. C. She was too busy to enjoy herself. D. She did not like socializing with others. 12. A. Disappointing. B. Creative. C. Well-paid. D. Exhausting. 13. A. A woman's expectation for a peaceful life. B. A woman's experience of changing her career. C. A woman's opinion of work pressure. D. A woman's failure to realize her childhood dream. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A device designed to enhance shopping experience. B. Shopping malls intending to promote themselves. C. Unpleasant shopping experience at Christmas. D. Shoppers who are scared off by Christmas shopping. 15. A. Map out the quickest shopping route. B. Provide them with a better Wi-Fi connection. C. Help them discover their own shopping habit. D. Calculate the total cost of their shopping lists. 16. A. By purchasing recommended items for them. B. By providing detailed maps of the mall. C. By suggesting fun activities they might like. D. By limiting access to stores not in their preference list. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He found farming to be more profitable. B. He wanted to make a meaningful impact. C. He was no longer interested in sports. D. He wanted to pursue a less stressful career. 18. A. By teaching himself with online resources. B. By reading books about farming. C. By attending a farming school. D. By hiring neighboring farmers to do the work. 19. A. He used it to feed his family. B. He sold it for a high profit. C. He donated it to food banks. D. He stored it for future use. 20. A. It motivates them to consider helping others with their abilities and interests. B. It encourages them to devote more time to playing sports to keep fit. C. It makes them seriously think about the idea of starting a farm on their own. D. It discourages them from pursuing the current careers that are not interested in. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. China, with her ambitious space program, is now on the point of turning her widest dream into reality. Recent breakthroughs in lunar soil research   21 (pave) the way for potential lunar base construction, a feat that could revolutionize our understanding of space and its potential for human settlement. The Chinese lunar exploration program has been strategic, with each mission   22 (build) upon the last to deepen our knowledge of Earth’s nearest neighbor. However, it is the latest research on the lunar soil 23 has truly opened doors to the future. Chinese researchers have discovered a method to extract water from lunar soil through a high-temperature reaction. This process involves heating the soil to temperatures above 1000°C, causing the hydrogen stored in the soil due to solar wind irradiation over millions of years 24 (react) with iron oxides, producing elemental iron and a significant amount of water. This discovery is crucial   25 it suggests that 1 ton of lunar soil could yield approximately 50 kilograms of water, enough to sustain the daily water needs of 50 people. The implications of this research are profound. Water is not only vital for human survival but is also a key component for producing oxygen and rocket fuel. With this method, a sustainable supply of water could be harnessed on the moon, greatly facilitating the establishment of a lunar research station and potentially a   26 (permanent) base. The strategy proposed by the research team involves melting the lunar soil to produce water vapor. The leftover iron could be used for 27 (manufacture) magnetic materials, and the soil 28 (melt) could serve as a building material for infrastructure. This method is a game-changer, reducing the need to transport materials from Earth and making lunar construction more feasible. China’s vision for a lunar base extends 29 scientific research. It is about establishing a foothold for humanity in the cosmos, a stepping stone for deeper space exploration. The Chinese space agency has already outlined plans for an international lunar research station by 2030, 30 will involve the construction of facilities for multidisciplinary research and technological verification. The journey from research to base construction is undoubtedly full of challenges, but the prospect of China’s lunar base is promising. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．threat   B．originally   C． defense   D．reduced   E. potential   F. destructive G. unintentionally   H. enormous   I. released   J. astronomical   K. adapted Our Unwelcome Guests If you picnic in a Texas park, chances are that you'll encounter fire ants -- a troublesome pest renowned for their painful and irritating stings. This invasive (入侵的) species, like many others, is not only annoying but also expensive and   31 . From the vast landscapes of Texas to the exotic shores in China, non-native animals, plants, bacteria and viruses are damaging economies and ecosystems. An invasive species is any kind of living thing that is foreign to a particular ecosystem and causes harm. Sometimes non-native species are imported   32 , like in the 1930s when cargo ships from South America accidentally took fire ants to North America. Other times non-native species are purposely brought in. For instance, certain Asian fish species, 33 imported from China to clean fish farms in the U. S., escaped and entered local rivers. Similarly, green iguanas were brought to China as pets, but some irresponsible owners 34 them into the wild. The same thing occurred in Florida with Burmese pythons. The worldwide economic impact of introduced species is   35 . According to U. S. government estimates, invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion annually. The economic impact of fire ants alone totals in the billions. Various U. S. agencies spend hundreds of millions fighting introduced species such as Asian carp, Africanized bees and Burmese pythons. In southern China, green iguanas are damaging irrigation systems, harming agricultural production and posing a   36 to the native reptile (爬行动物) populations. Invasive species have the   37 to destroy their new habitats by upsetting the local ecosystems. They often lack natural predators (掠食者) in their new environment and out-compete native species for food and other resources. They may even prey on local species. In Florida, for instance, pythons have   38 some regional mammal populations by 90 percent. Additionally, Invasive species can also carry diseases against which local species have no natural   39 , resulting in the extinction of an entire native species. Alarmingly, the National Wildlife Federation in the U. S. reports that, “Invasive species are among the primary dangers to native wildlife. Roughly 42 percent of endangered species are at risk due to invasive species.” Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs connected to invasive species will become 40 . III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It’s normal for young children to cheat when they’re playing board games. As they grow older, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, not necessarily in winning it. By the time they reach their teens, they have usually learned not to cheat. Sadly, this was not the case for a player in a national board game championship held annually in the US. The player wanted to win so much that he turned to cheating. The board game was Scrabble. In the game, players have to make words from individual letters on small squares called “tiles,” and then put the words on a board. Two of the most useful tiles in the game are the blanks, which are tiles without any letters on them. A blank isn’t worth any points, but a player can use it to replace any letter of the alphabet. The cheater in this particular competition was a 15-year-old boy from Orlando, Florida. He had surprised organizers in the early stages of the competition by beating some of the best players, despite the fact that he had never played in competitions before. This made some of the other players suspicious, including the man who caught him, 43-year-old Arthur Moore. Moore had already played the boy the day before, and Moore had won the game, although the boy had had both of the blank tiles. In Scrabble, before a new game starts, the players put the tiles from the previous game back into a small bag. This time, Moore had a good look at the tiles on the table before he and his opponent put them in the bag to start the game. He was not surprised to see that the two blanks were together on the table in front of the boy. As the two players were putting the tiles into the bag. Moore watched the boy’s left hand. He saw the boy pick up the two blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal for Moore to call one of the organizers and accuse the boy of cheating. When the boy was taken away for questioning, he admitted to taking the two blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result of his cheating, the competition director disqualified him and banned him from playing in the competition again. 56．According to the passage, why do young children cheat in board games? A．They are eager to win. B．They dislike the games. C．They don’t know what cheating is. D．They don’t want to take part in the games. 57．Why are the two blank tiles most useful in Scrabble? A．They are the most obvious tiles in the game. B．Players can decide how many points they are worth. C．Players earn more points if they leave the tiles unused. D．They can be used when players don’t have the right letter. 58．The word “suspicious” (in paragraph 3) most probably means “________”. A．supportive B．disappointed C．mistrustful D．honoured 59．How did the boy cheat? A．By putting the tiles into his own bag. B．By hiding the blank tiles for future use. C．By cooperating with his opponent secretly. D．By lying that he had never played the game. (B) B B C SHOP Entertaining. Informing. Inspiring.WHAT A RELIEF! Delight everyone on your holiday gift list with great gifts from the BBC． You’ll earn heartfelt thanks from nature lovers for Planet Earth I & II: The Complete Collection (page 41) — inspiring look at our planet’s wildest, most mysterious creatures and their breathtaking home. ...from mystery lovers for Sherlock: Complete Seasons 1-4 and The Abominable Bride Gifiset (page 13) — entertaining proof that Holmes can be difficult, dangerous, accurate, and absolute funny. ...and from those who appreciate all things British. Delight Charles Dickens fans with Dickensian (page 7). The new drama series with more adventures for Dickens” characters...Dinner with Dickens Cookbook (page 9) with procedures for delicate dishes...and Tom Baker Reads “A Christmas poem” (page 8) for a wonderful new holiday tradition. Plus teapots, T-shirts, shortbread, mugs and more-just in time for the holidays. Enjoy! THE MOMENT Welcome to murder, suspense, romance, robbery and clothing in this exciting historical drama! Trouble begins for Rachel Verinder the day she inherits a large diamond stolen from a Hindu temple. When it disappears again, suspicion falls on Franklin Blake, the man who loves her. But what about mysterious cousin Godfrey, the housemaid with a thieving past, and doctor who carries out weird experiments? Blake must discover the fate of the Moonstone or lose Rachel forever. A powerful tale and emotionally sudden changes, based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins. 3¾ hours. DVD     21024     $34.99         YOUR PRICE: ¥27.98 WALKERS CHRISTMAS TREE SHORTBREAD AND TINS Santa and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins — perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year after year. Lift the treetops and taste the delicious secret inside: pure butter shortbread shaped like mini-Christmas trees, and made from only finest ingredients-flour, butter, sugar and salt. Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands, they follow a generations-old family procedure, first perfected by Joseph Walker in 1898. While the shortbread will disappear as if by magic, the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come. Wonderful hostess gifts. Both tins: 6’h ×4¾'d; net wt.4.4 oz. Angel 21042 $19.98 Santa 21043 $19.98 60．Linda’s boyfriend is a young man aspiring to be a chef, so she’d better refer to Page for a Christmas present for him. A．41 B．13 C．9 D．7 61．Which of the following about “The Moment” is TRUE? A．It is an adapted drama lasting nearly 4 hours. B．The plot is what captivates the audience, rather than the cast. C．There are five people under suspicion for the theft of the diamond. D．It is inspired by the most celebrated mystery novel written by Wikie Collins. 62．How many of the following statements about the shortbread are FALSE? 1) It is enclosed in a metal container featuring images of both an angel and Santa. 2) It is mainly produced in manufacturing plants throughout Scotland. 3) It follows a highly secret procedure that was perfected by Joseph Walker. 4) It often disappears magically alongside the tin. A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 (C) The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile. This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret. Scientists using X-rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work. An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century. “He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物) — plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting. The scientists looked into its atomic structure using X-rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it,” Gonzalez said. Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th-century paintings. Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art. It’s believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying. “What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.” But the Mona Lisa — said by the Louvre to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman — There’s more to her gaze than meets the eye. “What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said. 63．What technique did da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa? A．The employment of tailored X-rays. B．The application of a rare lead compound. C．A special mixture of oil paints. D．The universal use of atomic structures. 64．What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo’s painting approach? A．Willingness to experiment. B．Giving priority to conventions. C．Technically identical output. D．Concentration on paint drying. 65．What is Gonzalez’s attitude towards the use of lead oxide powder? A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 66．What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph? A．It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B．It echoes the realities of the worldly life. C．It’s a perfect combination of old and new. D．It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Addiction to Labeling Maybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves. These days, labeling is everywhere. 67 However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist. If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “ 68 Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds. 69 “Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult. Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable. 70 And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do. A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Global Cooperation In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields. There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve. Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems. It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas. 71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．这些路边咖啡店都有各自的回头客。(own) 73．网上信息参差不齐，有些只是为了博眼球而夸大其词。(which) 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 75．与同类产品相比，这款产品实现了体积更小、重量更轻、功能更全、精度更高的目标。(achieve) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你的居住地哈尔滨举办，现正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封信。 内容包括： 1.个人情况； 2.个人条件； 3.承诺。 注意： 1.词数80左右，开头语已为你写好； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit1·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At the airport. B. In a cinema. C. In a coffee shop. D. At the school gate. 2. A. He is worried that he will be late for the train. B. He doesn't know the downtown train's status. C. He is going to take the downtown train as well. D. He doesn't care about whether the train is delayed. 3. A. Choosing a type of exercise. B. Kickboxing techniques. C. Joining a fitness class. D. Finding a motivational instructor. 4. A. Their plans for a business meeting. B. Ways to prepare the PowerPoint slides. C. The quarterly sales report. D. The marketing strategies. 5. A. The situation will improve and the outcome will be rewarding. B. The path becomes more difficult the closer they get to the top. C. They should turn back because the path is too difficult. D. It will soon be dawn and literally darker. 6. A. She bought the dress some time ago. B. She looks great in the new dress. C. She doesn't like cold weather at all. D. She has been waiting for the man. 7. A. Place an order for the novel online and pick it up later. B. Purchase the latest John Grisham novel for himself. C. Recommend a different author to the woman. D. Check if the novel is in stock and get it if it's available. 8. A. Decide to visit the store later. B. Ignore the man's comments. C. Express disinterest in the store. D. Recommend another store instead. 9. A. Ask for the location of the policy meeting. B. Prepare the briefing documents for the meeting. C. Decide not to include any statistics. D. Postpone the policy meeting. 10. A. She did well in the test. B. She is going to the park. C. She wants to know the answers. D. She felt confident in the man. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. the choices on the screen. 11. A. She thought the job did not pay enough. B. She was too old for the job. C. She was too busy to enjoy herself. D. She did not like socializing with others. 12. A. Disappointing. B. Creative. C. Well-paid. D. Exhausting. 13. A. A woman's expectation for a peaceful life. B. A woman's experience of changing her career. C. A woman's opinion of work pressure. D. A woman's failure to realize her childhood dream. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A device designed to enhance shopping experience. B. Shopping malls intending to promote themselves. C. Unpleasant shopping experience at Christmas. D. Shoppers who are scared off by Christmas shopping. 15. A. Map out the quickest shopping route. B. Provide them with a better Wi-Fi connection. C. Help them discover their own shopping habit. D. Calculate the total cost of their shopping lists. 16. A. By purchasing recommended items for them. B. By providing detailed maps of the mall. C. By suggesting fun activities they might like. D. By limiting access to stores not in their preference list. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He found farming to be more profitable. B. He wanted to make a meaningful impact. C. He was no longer interested in sports. D. He wanted to pursue a less stressful career. 18. A. By teaching himself with online resources. B. By reading books about farming. C. By attending a farming school. D. By hiring neighboring farmers to do the work. 19. A. He used it to feed his family. B. He sold it for a high profit. C. He donated it to food banks. D. He stored it for future use. 20. A. It motivates them to consider helping others with their abilities and interests. B. It encourages them to devote more time to playing sports to keep fit. C. It makes them seriously think about the idea of starting a farm on their own. D. It discourages them from pursuing the current careers that are not interested in. 【答案】 1-5 ABCAA 6-10 ADABA 11-13 CAB 14-16 AAC 17-20 BACA 【听力原文】 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have 100 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. 1. W: Hey, just heard they' re starting to board our flight at gate 22. We should probably get our boarding passes and passports ready. M: Let's head over before it gets too crowded. Do you think we have time for one more coffee before we board? Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 2. W: Excuse me, do you know if the downtown train is delayed? M: I'm not sure, sorry. I just got here myself. Q: What does the man mean? 3. M: I'm thinking of joining a fitness class. Do you recommend any? W: The kickboxing class is fantastic. It's a great workout and the instructor is very motivating. Q: What are the two speakers mainly talking about? 4. W: I'd like to start with the quarterly sales report and then move on to the marketing strategies. M: Sounds good. I' ll prepare the PowerPoint slides for the marketing part. Q: What are the two speakers mainly discussing? 5. W: This path is tougher than I expected. M: Hang in there, it's always darkest before the dawn. The view from the top will be worth it. Q: What does the man mean? 6. M: The dress fits you perfectly. Is it something you bought recently? W: Actually, I've had it for a while. I've just been waiting for the weather to get warmer. Q: What does the woman imply? 7. W: Can you help me find the latest John Grisham novel? I can't seem to find it on the shelves. M: Let me check the system; it might still be in the back. I' ll bring it up for you if we have it. Q: What is the man going to do? 8. W: Nice! I' ll have to check it out sometime. What kind of stuff did they have? M: They had a bit of everything, from clothing to electronic devices. I got a really good deal on a jacket. Q: What is the woman most likely to do next? 9. W: Please prepare the briefing documents for tomorrow's policy meeting. M: Certainly. Should I include the updated statistics from the recent study? Q: What does the man plan to do? 10. M: Hey, Mary, how was the math test today? W: I think I knocked it out of the park! I felt pretty confident about most of the answers. Q: What does the woman mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. When Denise Fry resigned from her $98,000 job in a city law firm to retrain as a high-school teacher, she was confident she was making the best decision of her life. “In the city, I was working 12-hour days, six days a week. It was crazy. But I was able to live in a very comfortable apartment, buy lots of beautiful clothes, and eat at fabulous restaurants.Then I reached 30, and I suddenly realized that this life was not what I wanted. I was working too hard to enjoy myself; I had practically no social life.” Fry had always been attracted to career in teaching. “I knew it would be hard at first,but figured the stress could be nothing compared to my city career. And I knew that there would be financial changes, but thought that the long vacations and better quality of life were more attractive.” The reality was a shock, she admits. “I think I' ve made a terrible mistake. The students disobey me, their parents don't respect me, and the creative exchange of ideas I had imagined just doesn't happen.” (Now listen again.) Questions 11. Why did Denise Fry resign from her job in a city law firm? 12. What does Denise Fry think of her job as a teacher now? 13. What is the speaker mainly talking about? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. If the prospect of Christmas shopping in crowded malls scares you, help could soon be at hand. Researchers have developed a hand-held device that charts the fastest route for you to get all your shopping done—— and tells you where to find the best bargains. The device, named “BargainFinder Pro”, is developed by Javier Bajo at the University of Salamanca in Spain, has been tested in the Tormes shopping mall in Salamanca, where it received approval from shoppers and store owners alike. “Most shop managers believe that the device has helped their businesses attract more customers and sell more,” says Bajo. The Tormes mall houses more than 80 different stores, and the device has been used by more than 2,400 people. Shoppers key in information about their preferences, the amount of money they have to spend and the amount of time they have available. The device then uses radio frequency identification to find their location, and sends information to them about shops and offers through Wi-Fi. Even if shoppers are not looking to buy anything specific and just want to spend the afternoon at the mall, the system can help with suggestions such as films on at the cinema or coffee shops, says Bajo. “You can ask the system for suggestions based on your specific interests, and it will suggest a route for you, including different activities.” (Now listen again.) Questions 14. What is the passage mainly about? 15. What can“BargainFinder Pro” do for shoppers? 16. How can “BargainFinder Pro” help those with nothing specific to buy? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Now you have 40 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. W: Hey, I just finished reading an article about David Smith——a former football player turned farmer. Have you heard about him? M: No, I haven't. Why would a football player turn to farming? W: It's fascinating! He gave up football at the peak of his career. He said that farming was his true calling in life, which is so different from the fame and fortune of football. M: That's quite a shift. It must have taken a lot of courage to do so. What's he farming? W: Sweet potatoes. And get this——he's not just farming for profit. His first big harvest,120,000 pounds of sweet potatoes, was donated to food banks. M: Wow, that's incredible. How did he even start farming without any experience? W: He learned by watching online videos——just like the rest of us when we try something new! He also got some help from neighboring farmers and took a very hands-on approach. M: That's amazing. But seriously, it's impressive that he's using his resources to help others. W: Yeah, he's making a real difference in the community. M: It really puts things in perspective, doesn't it? I mean, we often talk about wanting to make a change or do something meaningful. W: Exactly. It's about following your passion and making a positive impact. Brown's story is a reminder that it's possible to change your path, no matter how set it seems. M: For sure. It makes me think, what can we do that combines our skills and passion to serve a greater good? Let's brainstorm some ideas over coffee this weekend? W: I'd love that. Who knows, maybe we' ll find our own version of sweet pickings in the process. (Now listen again.) Questions 17. Why did David Smith switch from being a football player to farming? 18. How did David Smith learn to farm? 19. What did David Smith do with his first big harvest? 20. How does David Smith's story impact the speakers? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. China, with her ambitious space program, is now on the point of turning her widest dream into reality. Recent breakthroughs in lunar soil research   21 (pave) the way for potential lunar base construction, a feat that could revolutionize our understanding of space and its potential for human settlement. The Chinese lunar exploration program has been strategic, with each mission   22 (build) upon the last to deepen our knowledge of Earth’s nearest neighbor. However, it is the latest research on the lunar soil 23 has truly opened doors to the future. Chinese researchers have discovered a method to extract water from lunar soil through a high-temperature reaction. This process involves heating the soil to temperatures above 1000°C, causing the hydrogen stored in the soil due to solar wind irradiation over millions of years 24 (react) with iron oxides, producing elemental iron and a significant amount of water. This discovery is crucial   25 it suggests that 1 ton of lunar soil could yield approximately 50 kilograms of water, enough to sustain the daily water needs of 50 people. The implications of this research are profound. Water is not only vital for human survival but is also a key component for producing oxygen and rocket fuel. With this method, a sustainable supply of water could be harnessed on the moon, greatly facilitating the establishment of a lunar research station and potentially a   26 (permanent) base. The strategy proposed by the research team involves melting the lunar soil to produce water vapor. The leftover iron could be used for 27 (manufacture) magnetic materials, and the soil 28 (melt) could serve as a building material for infrastructure. This method is a game-changer, reducing the need to transport materials from Earth and making lunar construction more feasible. China’s vision for a lunar base extends 29 scientific research. It is about establishing a foothold for humanity in the cosmos, a stepping stone for deeper space exploration. The Chinese space agency has already outlined plans for an international lunar research station by 2030, 30 will involve the construction of facilities for multidisciplinary research and technological verification. The journey from research to base construction is undoubtedly full of challenges, but the prospect of China’s lunar base is promising. 【答案】 21．have paved 22．built 23．that 24．to react 25．because/as 26．permanent 27．manufacturing 28．melted/molten 29．to 30．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在月球土壤研究方面的突破及意义。 21．考查动词时态。句意：最近在月球土壤研究方面的突破为潜在的月球基地建设铺平了道路，这一壮举可能会彻底改变我们对太空及其人类定居潜力的认识。设空处为句子的谓语，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时，主语breakthroughs，结合主谓一致，故填have paved。 22．考查with的复合结构。句意：中国的探月计划具有战略意义，每次任务都建立在上一次任务的基础上，以加深我们对地球最近邻居的了解。分析句子的结构可知，该句为with的复合结构，“with+宾语+宾补”的结构， each mission与build之间为被动关系。故填built。 23．考查强调句。句意：然而，对月球土壤的最新研究才真正打开了通往未来的大门。分析句子的结构可知，该句为强调句：It+is+被强调部分+that+其他部分，该句强调主语the latest research on the lunar soil，故填that。 24．考查动词。句意：这个过程包括将土壤加热到1000摄氏度以上，使土壤中由于数百万年的太阳风照射而储存的氢与氧化铁发生反应。固定短语cause…to do sth使……做某事。设空处应用动词不定式的形式作宾补，故填to react。 25．考查连词。句意：这一发现是至关重要的，因为它表明一吨月球土壤可以产生大约50公斤的水，足以满足50人的日常用水需求。设空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，故填because/as。 26．考查形容词。句意：通过这种方法，可以在月球上利用可持续的水供应，极大地促进了月球研究站和永久基地的建立。设空处为形容词的形式修饰空后的名词。故填permanent。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：剩下的铁可以用来制造磁性材料，融化的土壤可以作为基础设施的建筑材料。设空处为非谓语形式作宾语，空前为介词for，设空处为动名词的形式作宾语。故填manufacturing。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：剩下的铁可以用来制造磁性材料，融化的土壤可以作为基础设施的建筑材料。根据上句“The strategy proposed by the research team involves melting the lunar soil to produce water vapor. (研究小组提出的策略包括融化月球土壤以产生水蒸气。)”可知，设空处指的是融化的土壤。此处用过去分词作后置定语，故填melted/molten。 29．考查介词。句意：中国对月球基地的愿景延伸到了科学研究。extend to扩展到。故填to。 30．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：中国航天局已经概述了到2030年建立国际月球研究站的计划，这将涉及建设多学科研究和技术验证的设施。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为plans。故填which。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．threat   B．originally   C． defense   D．reduced   E. potential   F. destructive G. unintentionally   H. enormous   I. released   J. astronomical   K. adapted Our Unwelcome Guests If you picnic in a Texas park, chances are that you'll encounter fire ants -- a troublesome pest renowned for their painful and irritating stings. This invasive (入侵的) species, like many others, is not only annoying but also expensive and   31 . From the vast landscapes of Texas to the exotic shores in China, non-native animals, plants, bacteria and viruses are damaging economies and ecosystems. An invasive species is any kind of living thing that is foreign to a particular ecosystem and causes harm. Sometimes non-native species are imported   32 , like in the 1930s when cargo ships from South America accidentally took fire ants to North America. Other times non-native species are purposely brought in. For instance, certain Asian fish species, 33 imported from China to clean fish farms in the U. S., escaped and entered local rivers. Similarly, green iguanas were brought to China as pets, but some irresponsible owners 34 them into the wild. The same thing occurred in Florida with Burmese pythons. The worldwide economic impact of introduced species is   35 . According to U. S. government estimates, invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion annually. The economic impact of fire ants alone totals in the billions. Various U. S. agencies spend hundreds of millions fighting introduced species such as Asian carp, Africanized bees and Burmese pythons. In southern China, green iguanas are damaging irrigation systems, harming agricultural production and posing a   36 to the native reptile (爬行动物) populations. Invasive species have the   37 to destroy their new habitats by upsetting the local ecosystems. They often lack natural predators (掠食者) in their new environment and out-compete native species for food and other resources. They may even prey on local species. In Florida, for instance, pythons have   38 some regional mammal populations by 90 percent. Additionally, Invasive species can also carry diseases against which local species have no natural   39 , resulting in the extinction of an entire native species. Alarmingly, the National Wildlife Federation in the U. S. reports that, “Invasive species are among the primary dangers to native wildlife. Roughly 42 percent of endangered species are at risk due to invasive species.” Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs connected to invasive species will become 40 . 【答案】 31．F 32．G 33．B 34．I 35．H 36．A 37．E 38．D 39．C 40．J 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了入侵物种对生态系统和经济的影响。 31．考查形容词。句意：这种入侵物种不仅令人讨厌，而且代价高昂，具有破坏性。根据上文“is not only annoying but also expensive and”可知，此处需要一个形容词与annoying和expensive并列，destructive“破坏性的”符合句意。故选F。 32．考查副词。句意：有时非本地物种被无意中进口，例如在20世纪30年代，来自南美的货船意外地将火蚁带到了北美。根据下文“like in the 1930s when cargo ships from South America accidentally took fire ants to North America(例如在20世纪30年代，来自南美的货船意外地将火蚁带到了北美)”可知，此处需要一个副词修饰动词imported表示“无意地”，unintentionally符合句意。故选G。 33．考查副词。句意：例如，某些亚洲鱼类最初是从中国引进到美国来清理养鱼场的，但后来逃脱并进入了当地的河流。根据下文“imported from China to clean fish farms in the U. S(从中国引进到美国来清理养鱼场)”可知，此处需要一个副词修饰动词imported表示“最初”，originally符合句意。故选B。 34．考查动词的过去分词。句意：同样地，绿鬣蜥被作为宠物带到中国，但一些不负责任的主人将它们放归野外。根据下文“into the wild(进入野外)”可知，空白处应填表示“释放”含义的表达，released“释放”符合句意。故选I。 35．考查形容词。句意：引入物种对世界经济的影响是巨大的。根据下文“According to U. S. government estimates, invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion annually.(根据美国政府的估计，入侵物种每年给美国经济造成超过1200亿美元的损失)”可知，入侵物种每年给美国经济造成超过1200亿美元的损失，空白处应填表示“巨大的”含义的表达。故选H。 36．考查名词。句意：在中国南方，绿鬣蜥正在破坏灌溉系统，损害农业生产，并对当地爬行动物种群构成威胁。根据上文“In southern China, green iguanas are damaging irrigation systems, harming agricultural production(在中国南方，绿鬣蜥正在破坏灌溉系统，损害农业生产)”可知，此处表示的是绿鬣蜥对农业生产造成的破坏，可推理出下文说的是绿鬣蜥对当地爬行动物种群构成威胁，pose a threat to为固定短语，含义为“对……构成威胁”，符合句意。故选A。 37．考查形容词。句意：入侵物种有可能通过扰乱当地生态系统来摧毁它们的新栖息地。根据下文“to destroy their new habitats(摧毁它们的新栖息地)”可知，入侵物种有扰乱当地生态系统来摧毁它们的新栖息地的可能性，空白处应填表示“潜在的可能性”含义的表达。故选E。 38．考查动词的过去分词。句意：例如，在佛罗里达州，缅甸蟒蛇已经使一些地区的哺乳动物数量减少了90%。根据下文“some regional mammal populations by 90 percent(使一些地区的哺乳动物数量……了90%)”可知，一些地区的哺乳动物数量……了90%，可推理出空白处应填表示“减少”含义的表达。故选D。 39．考查名词。句意：此外，入侵物种还可能携带当地物种没有天然防御能力的疾病，导致整个本土物种灭绝。根据下文“resulting in the extinction of an entire native species(导致整个本土物种灭绝)”可知，入侵物种还可能携带疾病，如果当地物种没有抵御能力的话，可能会导致整个本土物种灭绝。可推理出空白处应填表示“防御”含义的表达，defense符合句意。故选C。 40．考查形容词。句意：除非人们采取严肃行动，否则与入侵物种相关的经济和环境成本将变得天文数字般巨大。根据上文“Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs connected to invasive species will become(除非人们采取严肃行动，否则与入侵物种相关的经济和环境成本将……)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“天文数字般的”含义的表达，astronomical符合句意。故选J。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context As children, our primary source of support comes from our parents. But as we get older, we start to spend significantly more time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an associate professor in psychology at State University of New York College, Cortland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape our identity throughout our life.” Flannery points out that in its initial stages, friendship is built on similarity. “We’ re social creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers. And so that’s where friendships start to really become these essential 44 of social support, but also fun and companionship.” Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents, an age when it is quite common for friendships to 45 . In Flannery’s research, looking at a sample of 354 middle school students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Most put it down to conflict or a betrayal of trust. Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends — 46 , companionship, or no longer having fun together. The ending of friendships reportedly stirred 47 emotions for the middle schoolers, including sadness, but also happiness and relief, depending on why the dissolution happened, how it ended, and who initiated it. In some cases, friendships are simply 48 from “best” friend status to “good” friends. Another year-long study of friendship in seventh graders saw that’ only about half of “best friendships” remained 29 throughout the school year. Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests. Such high school friendships may 50 as friends move apart for university and college. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is introduced between friends. But, as young adults navigate increasingly complex social networks, as well as their own and others’ expectations, friendships can also become less consistent. As in the previous life stages, friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others. One study found that people with a “ 52 ” mindset about relationships — meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop — were more willing to maintain and work on their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is more rewarding to spend time with 53 friends. But strong friendships can survive and 54 to such life changes, research shows. “Whenever I look at friendship dissolution, my takeaway is there are certain aspects of life that can disrupt friendships, but there are also just as many examples of friendships that have been able to 55 these life changes and grow closer,” says Flannery. 41．A．teachers B．parents C．agents D．peers 42．A．problem B．bond C．lesson D．argument 43．A．acceptance B．assistance C．attention D．association 44．A．requirements B．purposes C．sources D．services 45．A．turn off B．break out C．turn over D．break apart 46．A．on the contrary B．as a result C．for example D．in addition 47．A．positive B．shallow C．negative D．complex 48．A．heightened B．exported C．downgraded D．separated 49．A．neutral B．unclear C．weak D．stable 50．A．work B．renew C．fade D．last 51．A．distance B．feature C．contact D．development 52．A．awareness B．growth C．science D．humanity 53．A．new B．young C．adult D．close 54．A．adapt B．return C．stick D．object 55．A．facilitate B．weather C．assess D．monitor 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．A 55．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过引用纽约州立大学科特兰分校心理学副教授凯特琳·弗兰纳里的观点和研究，阐述了友谊在人生不同阶段的变化、影响因素以及友谊的维持和发展。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着年龄的增长，我们开始花更多的时间与同龄人在一起，科特兰纽约州立大学（State University of New York College, Cortland）心理学副教授凯特琳·弗兰纳里（Kaitlin Flannery）说。A. teachers教师；B. parents父母；C. agents代理人；D. peers同龄人。根据后文“We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers.”可知，我们不仅希望得到家人的认可，也希望得到同龄人的认可，所以我们开始花更多的时间与同龄人在一起。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和朋友之间有一种不同的联系；他们帮助我们在一生中塑造自己的身份。A. problem问题；B. bond联系；C. lesson课程；D. argument争论。根据后文“they help us shape our identity throughout our life”可知，朋友帮助我们在一生中塑造自己的身份，所以应是和朋友之间有联系。故选B项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们是社会动物。我们希望得到认可，”弗兰纳里说。A. acceptance认可；B. assistance帮助；C. attention注意力；D. association联系。根据后文“We want approval from not only our family, but our same-agers.”可知，我们不仅希望得到家人的认可，也希望得到同龄人的认可，此处指是我们希望得到认可。故选A项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，友谊开始真正成为这些至关重要的社会支持来源，同时也带来了乐趣和陪伴。A. requirements要求；B. purposes目的；C. sources来源；D. services服务。根据后文“of social support, but also fun and companionship”结合选项可知，应是“社会支持的重要来源，也是乐趣和陪伴的来源”符合语境。故选C项。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多关于友谊破裂的研究都集中在儿童和青少年身上，在这个年龄段，友谊破裂是很常见的。A. turn off关闭；B. break out爆发；C. turn over翻转；D. break apart破碎。根据前文“Much of the research on friendship dissolution has focused on children and adolescents”可知，是关于友谊破裂的研究。故选D项。 46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一个预测因素是缺乏朋友的支持，或者他们觉得自己没有从朋友那里得到需要的东西——例如，陪伴，或者不再一起玩。A. on the contrary相反；B. as a result因此；C. for example例如；D. in addition另外。根据后文前文“Another predictor was the lack of support from friends, or that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed from their friends”以及后文“companionship, or no longer having fun together.”可知，后文是对前文的举例。故选C项。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据报道，友谊的结束让中学生们产生了复杂的情绪，包括悲伤，但也有快乐和宽慰，这取决于为什么会发生，如何结束，以及是谁提出的。A. positive积极的；B. shallow浅的；C. negative消极的；D. complex复杂的。根据后文“including sadness, but also happiness and relief”可知，既有悲伤也有快乐和宽慰，所以是复杂的情绪。故选D项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，友谊只是从“最好的”朋友状态降级为“好”朋友。A. heightened提高；B. exported出口；C. downgraded降级；D. separated分离。根据后文“from “best” friend status to “good” friends.”可知，从“最好的”朋友变为“好”朋友，应是降级。故选C项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一项为期一年的关于七年级学生友谊的研究发现，只有大约一半的“最好的友谊”在整个学年保持稳定。A. neutral中立的；B. unclear不清楚的；C. weak弱的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“Older adolescents’ friendships are moderately more consistent over the course over the school year, the research suggests.”可知，研究表明在整个学年中，年龄较大的青少年的友谊在一定程度上更加持续，此处在讲述保持友谊稳定。故选D项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的高中友谊可能会随着朋友们在大学生活中分开而褪色。A. work工作；B. renew更新；C. fade褪色；D. last持续。根据后文“as friends move apart for university and college.”可知，友谊应是会因为在大学生活中分开而褪色。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能部分是由于朋友之间的身体距离造成的。A. distance距离；B. feature特征；C. contact联系；D. development发展。根据前文“as friends move apart for university and college.”可知，朋友分开，所以是身体距离造成的。故选A项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，对人际关系持“成长”心态的人——也就是说，相信人际关系需要努力，可以成长和发展——更愿意维持和发展他们的友谊。A. awareness意识；B. growth成长；C. science科学；D. humanity人性。根据后文“meaning, the belief that relationships require effort and can grow and develop”可知，相信人际关系需要努力，可以成长和发展，所以是对人际关系持“成长”心态。故选B项。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他人可能会觉得，随着他们的兴趣改变，花时间和新朋友在一起更有意义。A. new新的；B. young年轻的；C. adult成年的；D. close亲密的。呼应上文“friendship dissolvement is also an opportunity for young adults to practice getting along with others”讲友谊的解除也是年轻人练习与他人相处的机会，此处指花时间和新朋友在一起。故选A项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但研究表明，牢固的友谊能够经受住并适应这种生活变化。A. adapt适应；B. return返回；C. stick坚持；D. object反对。根据前文“But strong friendships can survive and”可知，空处和survive并列，并且用来讲述牢固的友谊，所以应是“适应这种生活变化”符合语境。故选A项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗兰纳里说：“每当我看到友谊破裂时，我的结论是，生活中的某些方面可能会破坏友谊，但也有很多例子表明，友谊能够经受住这些生活变化，变得更加亲密。”A. facilitate促进；B. weather经受住；C. assess评估；D. monitor监控。根据前文“But strong friendships can survive and 　　14　　　 to such life changes, research shows.”可知，是有些友谊能够经受住这些生活变化。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It’s normal for young children to cheat when they’re playing board games. As they grow older, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, not necessarily in winning it. By the time they reach their teens, they have usually learned not to cheat. Sadly, this was not the case for a player in a national board game championship held annually in the US. The player wanted to win so much that he turned to cheating. The board game was Scrabble. In the game, players have to make words from individual letters on small squares called “tiles,” and then put the words on a board. Two of the most useful tiles in the game are the blanks, which are tiles without any letters on them. A blank isn’t worth any points, but a player can use it to replace any letter of the alphabet. The cheater in this particular competition was a 15-year-old boy from Orlando, Florida. He had surprised organizers in the early stages of the competition by beating some of the best players, despite the fact that he had never played in competitions before. This made some of the other players suspicious, including the man who caught him, 43-year-old Arthur Moore. Moore had already played the boy the day before, and Moore had won the game, although the boy had had both of the blank tiles. In Scrabble, before a new game starts, the players put the tiles from the previous game back into a small bag. This time, Moore had a good look at the tiles on the table before he and his opponent put them in the bag to start the game. He was not surprised to see that the two blanks were together on the table in front of the boy. As the two players were putting the tiles into the bag. Moore watched the boy’s left hand. He saw the boy pick up the two blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal for Moore to call one of the organizers and accuse the boy of cheating. When the boy was taken away for questioning, he admitted to taking the two blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result of his cheating, the competition director disqualified him and banned him from playing in the competition again. 56．According to the passage, why do young children cheat in board games? A．They are eager to win. B．They dislike the games. C．They don’t know what cheating is. D．They don’t want to take part in the games. 57．Why are the two blank tiles most useful in Scrabble? A．They are the most obvious tiles in the game. B．Players can decide how many points they are worth. C．Players earn more points if they leave the tiles unused. D．They can be used when players don’t have the right letter. 58．The word “suspicious” (in paragraph 3) most probably means “________”. A．supportive B．disappointed C．mistrustful D．honoured 59．How did the boy cheat? A．By putting the tiles into his own bag. B．By hiding the blank tiles for future use. C．By cooperating with his opponent secretly. D．By lying that he had never played the game. 【答案】56．A 57．D 58．C 59．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在美国每年举办的一项全国棋盘游戏锦标赛中，一个男孩在比赛中作弊的事件。 56．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’s normal for young children to cheat when they’re playing board games. As they grow older, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, not necessarily in winning it.(小孩子在玩棋盘游戏时作弊是很正常的现象。随着他们年龄的增长，他们会意识到，游戏的乐趣其实在于参与过程，而不一定在于获胜。)”可知，小孩子作弊的原因可能是因为他们渴望获胜。故选A。 57．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A blank isn’t worth any points, but a player can use it to replace any letter of the alphabet.(空白块本身没有分数，但玩家可以用它来代替字母表中的任何字母。)”可知，在《拼字游戏》中，当玩家没有正确的字母来完成一个单词时，空白块可以用来代替任何字母，因此它们是最有用的。故选D。 58．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“This made some of the other players suspicious,(这让其他选手产生了……。)”可推测，这让其他选手产生了某种情绪。再根据下文“including the man who caught him, 43-year-old Arthur Moore.(包括发现他作弊的43岁Arthur Moore在内)”可推测，Arthur Moore抓住他作弊，由此可知，其他选手产生了怀疑。由此可知，划线单词和“怀疑的”意思相似。选项A“supportive(支持的)”；选项B“disappointed(失望的)”；选项C“mistrustful(不信任的)”；选项D“honoured(荣幸的)”。故选C。 59．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He saw the boy pick up the two blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal for Moore to call one of the organizers and accuse the boy of cheating.(他看见男孩拿起了两个空白块，并把手放在了桌子下面。这就是摩尔叫来一位组织者，指责男孩作弊。)”以及第四段“When the boy was taken away for questioning, he admitted to taking the two blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result of his cheating, the competition director disqualified him and banned him from playing in the competition again.(当男孩被带走问话时，他承认在游戏过程中拿走了两个空白块，并将它们藏在了桌子下面。由于作弊，比赛主管取消了他的参赛资格，并禁止他再次参加这项比赛。)”可知，男孩的作弊方式是把空白块藏起来以备后用。故选B。 (B) B B C SHOP Entertaining. Informing. Inspiring.WHAT A RELIEF! Delight everyone on your holiday gift list with great gifts from the BBC． You’ll earn heartfelt thanks from nature lovers for Planet Earth I & II: The Complete Collection (page 41) — inspiring look at our planet’s wildest, most mysterious creatures and their breathtaking home. ...from mystery lovers for Sherlock: Complete Seasons 1-4 and The Abominable Bride Gifiset (page 13) — entertaining proof that Holmes can be difficult, dangerous, accurate, and absolute funny. ...and from those who appreciate all things British. Delight Charles Dickens fans with Dickensian (page 7). The new drama series with more adventures for Dickens” characters...Dinner with Dickens Cookbook (page 9) with procedures for delicate dishes...and Tom Baker Reads “A Christmas poem” (page 8) for a wonderful new holiday tradition. Plus teapots, T-shirts, shortbread, mugs and more-just in time for the holidays. Enjoy! THE MOMENT Welcome to murder, suspense, romance, robbery and clothing in this exciting historical drama! Trouble begins for Rachel Verinder the day she inherits a large diamond stolen from a Hindu temple. When it disappears again, suspicion falls on Franklin Blake, the man who loves her. But what about mysterious cousin Godfrey, the housemaid with a thieving past, and doctor who carries out weird experiments? Blake must discover the fate of the Moonstone or lose Rachel forever. A powerful tale and emotionally sudden changes, based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins. 3¾ hours. DVD     21024     $34.99         YOUR PRICE: ¥27.98 WALKERS CHRISTMAS TREE SHORTBREAD AND TINS Santa and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins — perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year after year. Lift the treetops and taste the delicious secret inside: pure butter shortbread shaped like mini-Christmas trees, and made from only finest ingredients-flour, butter, sugar and salt. Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands, they follow a generations-old family procedure, first perfected by Joseph Walker in 1898. While the shortbread will disappear as if by magic, the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come. Wonderful hostess gifts. Both tins: 6’h ×4¾'d; net wt.4.4 oz. Angel 21042 $19.98 Santa 21043 $19.98 60．Linda’s boyfriend is a young man aspiring to be a chef, so she’d better refer to Page for a Christmas present for him. A．41 B．13 C．9 D．7 61．Which of the following about “The Moment” is TRUE? A．It is an adapted drama lasting nearly 4 hours. B．The plot is what captivates the audience, rather than the cast. C．There are five people under suspicion for the theft of the diamond. D．It is inspired by the most celebrated mystery novel written by Wikie Collins. 62．How many of the following statements about the shortbread are FALSE? 1) It is enclosed in a metal container featuring images of both an angel and Santa. 2) It is mainly produced in manufacturing plants throughout Scotland. 3) It follows a highly secret procedure that was perfected by Joseph Walker. 4) It often disappears magically alongside the tin. A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 【答案】60．C 61．A 62．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了BBC商店中的三种商品。 60．细节理解题。根据WHAT A RELIEF! 中的“Dickens Cookbook (page 9) with procedures for delicate dishes... (狄更斯烹饪书（第9页），书中有制作精美菜肴的步骤……)”可知，琳达的男朋友是一个想当厨师的年轻人，所以琳达最好参考第9页给他准备圣诞礼物。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据文章中的“A powerful tale and emotionally sudden changes, based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins. 3¾ hours. (一个强有力的故事和情感上的突然变化，根据维基·柯林斯的第一部英国侦探小说改编。3¾小时)”可知，the moment是一部近4小时的改编剧，故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Santa and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins — perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year after year. (圣诞老人和一位美丽的天使为圣诞树罐头做了最后的修饰——完美的中心装饰品和节日装饰品，你的家人和朋友将年复一年地享受)”可知，1) It is enclosed in a metal container featuring images of both an angel and Santa(它被装在一个金属容器里，上面有天使和圣诞老人的图案)错误；根据最后一段“Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands, they follow a generations-old family procedure, first perfected by Joseph Walker in 1898.(它们在苏格兰高地的Aberlour村庄烘焙，遵循着代代相传的家族工艺，最早由约瑟夫·沃克（Joseph Walker）在1898年完善)”可知，2) It is mainly produced in manufacturing plants throughout Scotland.(它主要在苏格兰各地的制造工厂生产)以及3) It follows a highly secret procedure that was perfected by Joseph Walker.(它遵循一个由约瑟夫·沃克完善的高度机密的程序)错误，根据“While the shortbread will disappear as if by magic, the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come. (虽然酥饼会像变魔术一样消失，但这些罐头会在未来的许多圣诞节里装下你的节日饼干和糖果)”可知，4) It often disappears magically alongside the tin.(它经常神奇地和锡罐一起消失)错误。故选D。 (C) The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile. This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret. Scientists using X-rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work. An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century. “He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物) — plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting. The scientists looked into its atomic structure using X-rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it,” Gonzalez said. Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th-century paintings. Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art. It’s believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying. “What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.” But the Mona Lisa — said by the Louvre to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman — There’s more to her gaze than meets the eye. “What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said. 63．What technique did da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa? A．The employment of tailored X-rays. B．The application of a rare lead compound. C．A special mixture of oil paints. D．The universal use of atomic structures. 64．What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo’s painting approach? A．Willingness to experiment. B．Giving priority to conventions. C．Technically identical output. D．Concentration on paint drying. 65．What is Gonzalez’s attitude towards the use of lead oxide powder? A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 66．What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph? A．It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B．It echoes the realities of the worldly life. C．It’s a perfect combination of old and new. D．It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo. 【答案】63．B 64．A 65．D 66．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家通过X射线检查《蒙娜丽莎》的部分化学结构，发现了达芬奇在作品中使用的一种技术。 63．细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物) — plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint.”（研究人员在达·芬奇的第一层画作中发现了一种罕见的铅化合物——plumbonacrite。这一发现证明，达芬奇很可能使用了氧化铅来增稠和干燥他的颜料）可知，达芬奇在《蒙娜丽莎》中可能使用了一种罕见的铅化合物。故选B项。 64．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically”（他喜欢实验，他的每一幅画在技术上都完全不同）可知，达芬奇喜欢实验，故选A。 65．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.””（“你会得到一种非常漂亮的金色的油，”Gonzalez说，“它流动起来更像蜂蜜。”）可知，Gonzalez对使用氧化铅粉末的态度是支持的。故选D。 66．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said.”（Gonzalez说：“我们所说的只是知识中的一小块。”）可推知，《蒙娜丽莎》仍然有待揭示的秘密。故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Addiction to Labeling Maybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves. These days, labeling is everywhere. 67 However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist. If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “ 68 Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds. 69 “Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult. Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable. 70 And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do. A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual. 【答案】67．B 68．E 69．A 70．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了网络上很多人声称自己给自己贴上了抑郁症或类似的病症的标签，说明了这一行为所带来的影响。 67．根据上文“These days, labeling is everywhere. (如今，标签无处不在。)”以及后文“However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist. (然而，根据注册综合心理治疗师和心理学家Charlotte Armitage的说法，消极的一面是，人们很容易在没有真正认识到这些特征需要诊断的背景的情况下，就认同这些特征。)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，后文提到了消极方面，推测本句是在说明标签的积极方面。故B选项“对于那些不太能理解自己为什么会有这种感觉的人来说，这是有帮助的。”符合语境，故选B。 68．根据上文“But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. (但风险在于，许多人会为任何行为、模式或情绪寻求标签和干预，而这些行为、模式或情绪都超出了社会所设定的永久快乐群体的标准。)”以及后文“Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds. (然后，‘一知半解是危险的’这句话突然出现在我的脑海里，”阿米蒂奇补充道。)”可知，本句主要引用阿米蒂奇对于标签的看法，结合后文提到了一知半解，可知本句是在对“一知半解”进行举例说明。故E选项“有些人只有某种经验，并以此经验来判断所有的行为。”符合语境，故选E。 69．根据后文““Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult. (阿米蒂奇指出：“儿童仍在发育和进化，许多儿童的行为特征可能看起来像是一种疾病，而这种行为有其他可能的解释。”理想情况下，对儿童的诊断应该由合格的心理健康专业人员进行。成年人也是如此。)”可知，本段主要论述了标签对于孩子的影响。故A选项“对孩子来说，标签问题就更大了。”符合语境，故选A。 70．根据上文“Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable. (然而，最重要的是要记住，诊断并不意味着你已经崩溃或能力不足。)”以及后文“And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do. (如果你深入了解，它会提醒你，你并不孤单，很多人都和你一样经历着生活。)”可知，后文提到了诊断可以作为提醒，推测本句是在说明诊断的作用。故F选项“诊断的基本功能是给你那些曾经觉得不寻常的行为起个名字。”符合语境，故选F。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Global Cooperation In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields. There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve. Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems. It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas. 71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a know-all due to the complexity of research and development. Scientists are working together to make breakthroughs. They also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas information freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．这些路边咖啡店都有各自的回头客。(own) 【答案】These roadside coffee shops have their own regular customers. 【详解】考查形容词作定语。“这些路边咖啡店”翻译为these roadside coffee shops；“有”翻译为have；“各自的回头客”可用所给的形容词“own自己的”作定语，修饰名词，翻译为their own regular customer。根据中文可知，此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，且主语为coffee shops，复数，故谓语动词应用have，故翻译为：These roadside coffee shops have their own regular customers。 73．网上信息参差不齐，有些只是为了博眼球而夸大其词。(which) 【答案】There is a lot of misleading/false/incorrect information online, some of which is exaggerated/ overstated to grab your attention. 【详解】考查定语从句。句子描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，“网上信息参差不齐”即“网上有许多错误的信息”，所以句子可以用there be结构，there be句型表示“有”，“网上”译为online，“许多错误的信息”译为a lot of misleading/false/incorrect information，information是不可数名词，所以be动词使用is，“有些”即“错误信息中的一些”，应用some of which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，“夸大其词”译为be exaggerated/ overstated，其中be动词应用is，“为了博眼球”译为to grab your attention，使用不定式形式作目的状语。故翻译为There is a lot of misleading/false/incorrect information online, some of which is exaggerated/ overstated to grab your attention. 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 【答案】After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/facilities, taking on a new look. 【详解】考查名词、动词、介词和短语。分析句意可知，本句中的“经过”可用介词after表示；表示“翻新”可用名词restoration或renovation或 update；表示“三个月的”可用合成形容词短语three-month；表示“报告厅”可用名词auditorium或短语the lecture hall作主语；配备”可用短语be equipped with作谓语，再根据句意此处可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，所以此处用is equipped with或has been equipped with；表示“一流的”可用合成形容词top-class；表示“试听设备”可用短语audio equipment或audio facilities；表示“焕然一新”可用短语 take on a new look，再分析句式结构，因为take on和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语taking on a new look作伴随状语表主动关系。故答案为After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/ facilities, taking on a new look。 75．与同类产品相比，这款产品实现了体积更小、重量更轻、功能更全、精度更高的目标。(achieve) 【答案】Compared with similar products, this one has achieved the goals of smaller volume, lighter weight, more complete functions and higher precision. 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词，本句主语是“这款产品”应译为“this one”，谓语动词为“实现了”，根据题干要求，应该用achieve，根据句意可知，表达“已实现”之意，应该用现在完成时，故译为“has achieved”，“目标”做宾语译为“the goals”，“体积更小、重量更轻、功能更全、精度更高的”做定语，修饰目标，应译为“of smaller volume, lighter weight, more complete functions and higher precision”，“与同类产品相比”做本句比较状语，“比较”译为“compare”，此处应该用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语this one之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，故译为“compared with similar products”。故译为：Compared with similar products, this one has achieved the goals of smaller volume, lighter weight, more complete functions and higher precision. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你的居住地哈尔滨举办，现正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封信。 内容包括： 1.个人情况； 2.个人条件； 3.承诺。 注意： 1.词数80左右，开头语已为你写好； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Sir / Madam: My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games. I am so excited to know that the Winter Asian Games will be held in the city where I live. I am writing this application to express my interest in being one of you. Here’s my introduction. I am an 18-year-old boy student in a senior middle school. Besides, I have a good command of English and I like sports very much. What’s more, I like to help others and always get along well with others. Last but not least, I am familiar with local situation, which enables me to offer the best service. Hope the games will be a great success. I would appreciate it if I can get an opportunity to join you. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。亚洲冬季运动会将在你的居住地哈尔滨举办，现正在招募志愿者，要求考生用英文给组委会写一封信申请成为志愿者。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 激动的：excited→thrilled 表达：express→show 另外：besides→in addition 提供：offer→provide 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, I like to help others and always get along well with others. 拓展句：What’s more, I not only enjoy helping others, but I also always manage to get along well with them, which is a key skill for a volunteer. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I am so excited to know that the Winter Asian Games will be held in the city where I live.(that引导的宾语从句以及where引导的定语从句) [高分句型2]Last but not least, I am familiar with local situation, which enables me to offer the best service.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have one hundred seconds to read all the choices on the screen. One, hey, just heard they're starting to board our flight. I gate twenty two. We should probably get our boarding passes . and passports ready. Let's had over before IT gets too crowded. Do you think we have time for one more coffee before we board? Question, where does the conversation most probably take place? too. Excuse me, do you know if the downtown train is delayed? I'm not sure. Sorry, I just got here myself. Question, what does the man mean? Three, i'm thinking of joining a fitness class. Do you recommend any? The kick box in class is fantastic. It's a great workout and instructor is very motivating. Question, what are the two speakers mainly talking about? For i'd like . to start with a . quarterly sales report and then move on to the marketing strategies. Sounds good. I'll prepare the powerpoint slides for the marketing . part question. What are the two speakers mainly discussing? Five, the path is tougher than I expected. Hang in there. It's always darkest before the dawn. The view from the top will be worthy. Then what does the mean mean? Six, the dress fits you perfectly. Is IT something you bought recently? Actually, i've had IT for a while. I've just been waiting for the weather to get warmer. Question, what does the woman imply? Seven, can you help me find the latest john grisham novel? I can't seem to find IT on the shelves. Let me check the system. IT might still be in the back. I'll bring IT up for you. If we have . in question, what is the man going to do? Eight. nice. I'll have to check IT out sometime. What kind of stuff do they have? They had a bit of everything from clothing to electronic devices. I got a really good deal on a jacket. Question, what is the woman most likely to do next? Nine, please prepare the briefing documents for tomorrow's policy meeting. Certainly, should I include the updated statistics from the recent study? Question, what does the man plan to do? Ten. hey, mary. how was the meeting today? I think I knocked IT out of the park. I fall pretty confident about most of . the answers question, what does the woman mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passengers and the conversation. The passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question. You have heard questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. When the needs fire resigned from her ninety eight thousand dollars dropped in a city law firm to retrain as a high school teacher, SHE was confident he was making the best decision of her life in the city. I was working twelve our days, six days a week. IT was crazy, but I was able to live in a very comfortable apartment, buy lots of beautiful clothes and eat a fabulous restaurant. Then I reached thirty, and I suddenly realized that this life was not what I wanted. I was working too hard to enjoy myself. I had practically no social life. I had always been attracted to korea in teaching. I knew IT would be hard at first, but figure the stress could be nothing compared to my city career. And I knew that there would be financial changes, but thought that the long vacations and Better quality of life were more attractive. The reality was a shock, he admits. I think i've made a terrible mistake. The students to obey me, their parents don't respect me. And the creative exchange of ideas I had imagined just doesn't happen. Now listen again. When the needs fire resigned from her ninety eight thousand dollars dropped in a city law firm to retrain as a high school teacher, SHE was confident he was making the best decision of her life in the city. I was working twelve our days, six days a week. I was crazy, but I was able to live in a very comfortable apartment, buy lots of beautiful clothes and eat a fabulous restaurant. Then I reached thirty, and I suddenly realized that this life was not what I wanted. I was working too hard to enjoy myself. I had practically no social life. I had always been attracted to korea in teaching. I knew IT would be hard at first, but figure the stress could be nothing compared to my city career. And I knew that there would be financial changes, but thought that the long vacations and Better quality of life were more attractive. The reality was a shock, he admits. I think i've made a terrible mistake. The students to obey me, their parents don't respect me. And the creative exchange of ideas I had imagined just doesn't happen. Questions. weather why did the news? Why did the news free resign from her job in a city law firm? Twelve, what does the needs fry think of her job as a teacher now? Thirteen, what is the bigger mainly talking about? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. If the prospect of Christmas shop in in crowded mls scares you, how could soon be at hand? Researchers have developed a hand health device that charged the fastest row for you to get all your shopping done and tells you where to find the best bargains. The device, named bargain finder pro, is developed by heavier bahoo at the university of sale. Mona in spain has been tested in the torment shopping mall in salomon. A well received approval from shoppers and store owners are alike. Most shop managers believe that the device has helped their businesses attract more customers, and salon says bahl. The tomas more houses more than eighty different stores, and the device has been used by more than two thousand four hundred people. Shoppers key and information about their preferences, the amount of money they have to spend and the amount of time they have available. The device then uses radio frequency identification to find the location and sends information to them about shops and offers through wifi. Even if shoppers are not looking to buy anything specific and just want to spend the afternoon at the mall, this system can help with suggestions such as films on at the cinema or coffee shops, says bahl. You can ask the system for suggestions based on your specific interest, and they will suggest around for you, including different activities. Now listen again. If the prospect of Christmas shop in in crowded mls scares you, how could soon be at hand? Researchers have developed a hand health device that charge the fastest way for you to get all your shopping done and tells you where to find the best bargains. The device, named bargain finder pro, is developed by heavier bahoo at the university of sale. Mona in spain has been tested in the torment shopping mall in salomon. A well received approval from shoppers and store owners are alike. Most shop managers believe that the device has helped their businesses attract more customers, and salon says bahoo. The tomas more houses more than eighty different stores, and the device has been used by more than two thousand four hundred people. Shoppers key and information about their preferences, the amount of money they have to spend and the amount of time they have available. The device then uses radio frequency identification to find the location and sends information to them about shops and offers through wifi. Even if shoppers are not looking to buy anything specific and just want to spend the afternoon at the mall, this system can help with suggestions such as films on at the cinema or coffee shops, says bah. You can ask the system for suggestions based on your specific interest, and they will suggest around for you, including different activities. Questions fourteen, what is the passage mainly about. Fifteen, what can bargain? Find a pro do for shoppers. Sixteen, how can bargain finder pro help those with nothing specifiC2Buy? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Now you have forty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Hey, I just finish reading an article about David smith, a former football player turned farmer. Have you heard about him? No. I haven't. Why would a football player turn to farming? It's fascinating. He gave up football at the peak of his career. He said that farming was his true calling in life, which is so different from the fame and fortune football. That's quite a shift. IT must have taken a lot of courage to do so. What's he farming? Swing potatoes and get this. He's not just farming for profit. His first big harvest, one hundred and twenty thousand pounds of sweet potatoes, was donated to food banks. Wow, that's incredible. How did he even start farming without any experience? He learned by watching online videos, just like the rest of us when we try something new. He also got some help from neighbors, farmers and took a very hands on approach. That's amazing. But seriously, it's impressive that he's using his resources to help others. Yeah, he's making a real difference in the community. IT really . puts things in perspective, doesn't IT. I mean, we often talk about wanting to make a change or do something meaningful. exactly. It's about following your passion and making a positive impact. Brown's story is a reminder that is possible to change your path, no matter how that . this seems for sure. IT makes me think, what can we do that combines our skills and passion to serve a greater good? Let's brainstorm some ideas over coffee this weekend. I'd love that, who knows, maybe will find our own version of sweet pickings in the process. Now listen again. Hey, I just finished reading an article about David smith, a former football player turned farmer. Have you heard about him? No, I haven't. Why would a football player turn to farming in? It's fascinating. He gave up football at the peak of his career. He said that farming was his true calling in life, which is so different from the fame and fortune football. That's quite a shift. IT must have taken a lot of courage to do so. What's he farming? Sweet potatoes and get this. He's not just farming for profit. His first big harvest, one hundred and twenty thousand pounds of sweet potatoes, was donated to food banks. Wow, that's incredible. How did he even start farming without any experience? He learned by watching online videos, just like the rest of us when we try something new. He also got some help from neighboring farmers and took a very hands on approach. That's amazing. But seriously, it's impressive that he's using his resources to help others. Yeah, he's making a real difference in the community. IT really . puts things in perspective, doesn't IT. I mean, we often talk about wanting to make a change or do something meaningful. exactly. It's about following your passion and making a positive impact. Brow's story is a reminder that is possible to change your path, no matter how that . this seems for sure. IT makes me think, what can we do that combines our skills and passion to serve a greater good. Let's brainstorm some ideas over coffee this weekend. I love that. Who knows? Maybe we will find our own version of sweet pickings in the process. Questions . seventeen, why did David Smith switch from being a football player too farming? Eighteen, how did David Smith learn to farm? Nineteen, what did David Smith do with his first big harvest? Twenty, how does David Smith story impact the speakers?