Unit 7 Life is full of the unexpected. 过去完成时（单元核心语法精练）英语鲁教版五四学制九年级全一册

Unit 7 Life is full of the unexpected . 核心语法精练（过去完成时的用法） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 2 二、句型转换 5 三、完成句子 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 一、完形填空 7 二、任务型阅读 10 三、短文填空 12 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前　 那时　 现在　　　　　　 构成：主语+had+过去分词（p.p），其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 　　She had finished the homework by 10 ：00 this morning. 　　①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. 　　②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. 　　③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 　　 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had 　 　 否定回答：No,主语+hadn't 　　④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ ⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词 二、过去完成时的判断依据 （1）特定的时间状语 ① by +过去的时间点 表示“到...为止” He had finished reading the book by 10 o’clock yesterday.到昨天10点前， 他一进读完了这本书。 ② by the end of +过去的时间点 表示“到...结束前” We had learned a lot of English songs by the end of last term.到上学期期末为止我们已经学了很多英文歌曲。 ③由by the time, before, when 等引导时间状语从句时， 主从句的动作发生有先后，动作在前的用过去完成时。 By the time I went outside, they had already left. The train had already left when I got to the station. They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. (2) 具体的语境（看动作是否发生在过去的过去） ① 主句为一般过去时， 且宾语从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时， 从句要用过去完成时。 She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她以前已经看过这部电影了。 ② 上下文语境。 I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 三、过去完成时的具体用法 1. 过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 He said that he had seen (see) you before.他说他以前见过你。 When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”） 2. 过去完成时词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续或将继续下去。 By six o’clock they had worked (work)for eight hours.到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 When I came to GZ , he had been (be) there for a long time.我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 3.过去完成时和 already, just, ever, yet等连用表示过去的过去。 He told me that his team _________ already ___________ (win).他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 She said that she _______________(not go to) the Great Wall yet.她说她仍没去过长城。 四、一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时 1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或 存在的状态。 例：We started to learn English 5 years ago. 我们五年前开始学英语。 5 years ago now 2. 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现 在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词” 。 例：We have learned English for 5 years. 我们已经学了五年的英语了。 5 years ago have learned now 3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前 已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即 “过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 例：We had learned English for 4 years by last year. 到去年为止，我们已经学英语四年了。 past in the past past now 一、单项选择 1．The plane ________ when we got to the airport. A．had taken off B．taken off C．will take off D．is taking off 2．Detective Kim ________ on the case for 3 months before he finally got the clues and successfully solved it. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 3．Unfortunately, the man ________ by the time the ambulance arrived. A．dies B．died C．has died D．had died 4．By the time he got to the station, the train ________. A．will leave B．left C．has left D．had left 5．By the end of last week, she ________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed 6．When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A．arrive B．have arrived C．had arrived D．were arriving 7．By the time the rescue team arrived, the hikers ________ waiting for 10 hours. A．had been B．were C．would be D．are 8．They ________ lots of food for winter before the heavy snow came. A．were storing B．store C．would store D．had stored 9．—Did you see Mr. Wang yesterday morning? —No. By the time I got to school, he ________. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leave 10．When I got to the classroom this morning, the lecture ________ for 10 minutes. A．have begun B．had begun C．have been on D．had been on 11．By the end of last year, Kevin ________ in Shanghai for ten years. A．lived B．lives C．has lived D．had lived 12．After Frank __________ the dinner, he went for a walk in the garden with his family. A．is eating B．eats C．will eat D．had eaten 13．Before we arrived at the entrance of the cinema, David ________ for us for twenty minutes. A．have waited B．had waited C．waited D．are waiting 14．Mike ________ watering the flowers before his father told him to do so. A．will finish B．would finish C．has finished D．had finished 15．Emma ________ French for years before visiting France last summer. A．studies B．has studied C．had studied D．is studying 二、句型转换 1．“Have you ever been in a hot air balloon?” Melissa asked her mom.（改为宾语从句） Melissa asked her mom she ever been in a hot air ballon. 2．We had finished the survey by ten last night. (改为否定句) We the survey by ten last night. 3．“What did you do to the window?” Mr. Green asked Ben. (改为间接引语) Mr. Green asked Ben what he to the window. 4．We got to the cinema. The movie began.（用before合并为一句） The movie before we got to the cinema. 5．Ann’s parents went to Shanghai. Ann finished the final exam. (用by the time合并句子) By the time Ann finished the final exam, her parents to Shanghai. 三、完成句子 1．他说他们已经读过这本书了。 He said they already the book. 2．在我返回学校的时候, 铃声已经响了。 I got back to school, the bell . 3．当我关门时，我意识到我把钥匙落在家里了。 When I closed the door, I realized I the keys at home. 4．我起床之前，已经开始下雨了。 It raining before I got up. 5．到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了3000多个单词了。 We more than 3,000 words by the end of last term. 一、完形填空 Last August I went on vacation with my husband and my son at Diana’s Baths, a place famous for waterfalls. Sitting on the rocks with my husband, I watched some 1 guarding their kids away from the rocks edges（边缘）. I felt glad that our 8-year-old son Wyatt could 2 himself. Don’t get me wrong: I still felt 3 as I saw my boy jump between the rocks. “No running,” I said from time to time. “Stay away from the edges.”But I soon 4 , and we were all having fun in the water. 5 , I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water. I 6 at him to get out. He shouted back something and then he disappeared over the edge. “Somebody help my son!” I 7 , over and over. But I only heard a woman cry. “That   8 just went over the waterfall!” she shouted at her husband. “We are leaving!” They walked away, not even looking back to see whether our child was OK. By the time I climbed down to the rocks below, my 9 had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman. She was   10 first aid. “I’m Lisa, a nurse. I’m not leaving you.” She looked at me deeply（深深地）, as if she were trying to take every bit of energy, 11 and strength（力量）in her body and pass it on to me. I held on to that energy like a rope（绳子）that could pull us to 12 . Wyatt was taken to the 13 right away.   14 we spent a sleepless（不眠的）night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK. Meeting Lisa has reminded me how we need 15 from people we don’t know. I know we are two strangers who are less strange. 1．A．parents B．teachers C．workers D．friends 2．A．talk to B．cheer for C．learn from D．look after 3．A．lonely B．proud C．worried D．sad 4．A．left B．relaxed C．shared D．returned 5．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Gradually D．Recently 6．A．looked B．pointed C．turned D．shouted 7．A．suggested B．thought C．answered D．cried 8．A．girl B．boy C．man D．woman 9．A．husband B．brother C．son D．friend 10．A．teaching B．learning C．giving D．receiving 11．A．success B．health C．value D．love 12．A．truth B．safety C．memory D．silence 13．A．school B．restaurant C．hospital D．house 14．A．If B．Unless C．After D．Before 15．A．help B．advice C．sense D．experience 二、任务型阅读 Where does luck come from? Do you think you’re a lucky person? Why or why not? Let’s see what Professor Richard Wiseman, a psychologist (心理学家), has discovered about luck. Read on. Ten years ago, I set out to study luck. I wanted to know why some people are always in the right place at the right time, while others always experience ill luck. Many people volunteered (志愿) for my research. Over the years I interviewed them, watched their lives and had them take part in my experiments. I carried out a simple experiment to discover why there were differences in their ability (能力) to spot opportunities. I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and asked them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper saying, “Tell the researcher you have seen this and win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was more than two inches (英尺) high. It was staring everyone straight in the face, but unlucky people tended to miss it and lucky people tended to spot it. Unlucky people are just more nervous than lucky people. They are busy looking only for what they need and this stops them from noticing the unexpected. As a result, they miss out on opportunities. Lucky people tend to be more relaxed and open. They can see everything that is in front of them, rather than just what they are looking for. My research shows that lucky people live by several principles (原则). Here are some of these principles: * Listen to your gut instincts (直觉) – they are often right. * Be open to new experiences and break your normal thought patterns (模式). * Spend a few moments each day remembering things that went well. * See yourself being lucky before an important meeting or phone call. 【回答问题】 16．When did Richard Wiseman start studying luck? _________________________________________________________________________________ 17．What did Richard Wiseman give to the volunteers in the experiment? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 18．What did Richard Wiseman secretly add to the newspaper? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19．Who tended to miss the message? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 20．Why are lucky people lucky? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 三、短文填空 根据短文内容,在空白处填入合适的词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 I will always remember the date June 7th. It was the most terrible day in my life. When I woke up that morning, it was already about 8 o'clock. Oh, no, I 21 (oversleep). I missed the first class. I rushed out of the door without breakfast. Five minutes 22 ,I got to the bus stop. When I waited for the bus, it began to rain 23 (heavy). Before I found the umbrella in my backpack, I had completely got wet. How 24 (embarrass) it was! Then, a lady behind me asked 25 I needed any help. I refused with thanks, and rushed back home to change my clothes. When I got home, I found I 26 (leave) the keys on the table in the living room. I was really 27 (disappoint) and had to return to the bus stop. After that, I got on the bus . I was 28 tired and sleepy that I fell asleep. When the driver woke me up, I 29 (miss) the stop in front of my school. Finally, I reached the school gate after 40 minutes. To my 30 (surprise),there was no student there. Oh, I realized that it was Sunday. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Life is full of the unexpected. 核心语法精练（过去完成时的用法） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 2 二、句型转换 5 三、完成句子 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 一、完形填空 7 二、任务型阅读 10 三、短文填空 12 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前　 那时　 现在　　　　　　 构成：主语+had+过去分词（p.p），其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 　　She had finished the homework by 10 ：00 this morning. 　　①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. 　　②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. 　　③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 　　 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had 　 　 否定回答：No,主语+hadn't 　　④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ ⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词 二、过去完成时的判断依据 （1）特定的时间状语 ① by +过去的时间点 表示“到...为止” He had finished reading the book by 10 o’clock yesterday.到昨天10点前， 他一进读完了这本书。 ② by the end of +过去的时间点 表示“到...结束前” We had learned a lot of English songs by the end of last term.到上学期期末为止我们已经学了很多英文歌曲。 ③由by the time, before, when 等引导时间状语从句时， 主从句的动作发生有先后，动作在前的用过去完成时。 By the time I went outside, they had already left. The train had already left when I got to the station. They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. (2) 具体的语境（看动作是否发生在过去的过去） ① 主句为一般过去时， 且宾语从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时， 从句要用过去完成时。 She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她以前已经看过这部电影了。 ② 上下文语境。 I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 三、过去完成时的具体用法 1. 过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 He said that he had seen (see) you before.他说他以前见过你。 When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”） 2. 过去完成时词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续或将继续下去。 By six o’clock they had worked (work)for eight hours.到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 When I came to GZ , he had been (be) there for a long time.我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 3.过去完成时和 already, just, ever, yet等连用表示过去的过去。 He told me that his team _________ already ___________ (win).他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 She said that she _______________(not go to) the Great Wall yet.她说她仍没去过长城。 四、一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时 1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或 存在的状态。 例：We started to learn English 5 years ago. 我们五年前开始学英语。 5 years ago now 2. 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现 在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词” 。 例：We have learned English for 5 years. 我们已经学了五年的英语了。 5 years ago have learned now 3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前 已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即 “过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 例：We had learned English for 4 years by last year. 到去年为止，我们已经学英语四年了。 past in the past past now 一、单项选择 1．The plane ________ when we got to the airport. A．had taken off B．taken off C．will take off D．is taking off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。 考查过去完成时。根据“when we got to the airport”可知，表示当我们到达机场时，是过去的时间点，“飞机起飞”发生在“到达”之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，结构为“had + 动词过去分词”。take off的过去分词是taken off。故选A。 2．Detective Kim ________ on the case for 3 months before he finally got the clues and successfully solved it. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：金侦探在这个案子上工作了3个月，才最终得到线索并成功破案。 考查动词时态。根据“before he finally got the clues and successfully solved it”可知，在成功破案之前，金侦探已经在这个案子上工作了3个月，got为过去式，所以此处表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选D。 3．Unfortunately, the man ________ by the time the ambulance arrived. A．dies B．died C．has died D．had died 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不幸的是，救护车到达时，那名男子已经去世了。 考查时态。根据“by the time the ambulance arrived”可知，表示“在救护车到达时”，这是一个过去的时间点，男子的死亡发生在救护车到达之前，即过去的过去，表示“过去的过去”应使用过去完成时，谓语动词构成是had done。故选D。 4．By the time he got to the station, the train ________. A．will leave B．left C．has left D．had left 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。 考查动词时态。“By the time”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时（got to），表示“到过去某个时间为止”，主句动作发生在从句动作之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故选D。 5．By the end of last week, she ________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到上周末，她已经在中国西部待了两个月，帮助无家可归的孩子。 考查时态。根据时间状语“By the end of last week”可知，本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。故选D。 6．When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A．arrive B．have arrived C．had arrived D．were arriving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我到达教室时，我意识到所有的同学都到了。 考查过去完成时。根据“When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates”可知，此句描述过去发生的事情对过去造成的影响，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had done”。故选C。 7．By the time the rescue team arrived, the hikers ________ waiting for 10 hours. A．had been B．were C．would be D．are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当救援队到达时，徒步旅行者已经等待了10个小时。 考查过去完成时态。根据“By the time the rescue team arrived”可知，此处用过去完成时态，表达徒步者在救援队到达之前就已经开始等待，其结构是“had + done”。故选A。 8．They ________ lots of food for winter before the heavy snow came. A．were storing B．store C．would store D．had stored 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在大雪来临之前，他们已经储存了大量食物过冬。 考查动词时态。根据“before the heavy snow came”可知，储存食物在大雪来临之前已经完成，强调过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选D。 9．—Did you see Mr. Wang yesterday morning? —No. By the time I got to school, he ________. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天早上你看到王老师了吗？——没有。等我到学校的时候，他已经走了。 考查时态。根据“No. By the time I got to school”可知没有见到王老师，等到学校的时候，他已经走了，动作发生在过去某个动作之前，用过去完成时had done。故选C。 10．When I got to the classroom this morning, the lecture ________ for 10 minutes. A．have begun B．had begun C．have been on D．had been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上我到教室的时候，讲座已经开始10分钟了。 考查时态和延续性动词。根据“for 10 minutes”可知，此处应用延续性动词，began开始，过去分词begun，属于短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，排除A、B；根据“When I got to the classroom this morning”可知，在讲座在我到达教室前已经开始了，应该用过去完成时态，排除C。故选D。 11．By the end of last year, Kevin ________ in Shanghai for ten years. A．lived B．lives C．has lived D．had lived 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到去年底，Kevin已经在上海住了十年了。 考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last year”和“for ten years.”可知是表示动作从过去持续到去年，应用过去完成时had done。故选D。 12．After Frank __________ the dinner, he went for a walk in the garden with his family. A．is eating B．eats C．will eat D．had eaten 【答案】D 【详解】句意：弗兰克吃完晚饭后，和家人一起去花园里散步。 考查动词时态。is eating现在进行时；eats吃，一般现在时；will eat一般将来时；had eaten过去完成时。此处是after引导的时间状语从句，根据“he went for a walk in the garden with his family”可知主句用的一般过去时，结合选项，从句用过去完成时符合，故选D。 13．Before we arrived at the entrance of the cinema, David ________ for us for twenty minutes. A．have waited B．had waited C．waited D．are waiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们到达电影院入口之前，大卫已经等了二十分钟。 考查过去完成时。“到达电影院入口”是过去的动作，用的是一般过去时“arrived”，而“等待”这个动作在“到达”之前就已经开始，且持续了20分钟，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，“wait”的过去分词是“waited”，所以这里填“had waited”。故选B。 14．Mike ________ watering the flowers before his father told him to do so. A．will finish B．would finish C．has finished D．had finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在父亲吩咐他之前，迈克已经浇完花了。 考查时态。根据“before his father told him to do so.”可知，此处迈克浇花这个动作发生在他父亲告诉他之前，即“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时，结构为“had +动词过去分词”。故选D。 15．Emma ________ French for years before visiting France last summer. A．studies B．has studied C．had studied D．is studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾玛在去年夏天去法国之前已经学了好几年法语了。 考查过去完成时。studies一般现在时；has studied现在完成时；had studied过去完成时；is studying现在进行时。根据“for years before visiting France last summer.”可知，该动作是在过去的过去已经完成的，所以用过去完成时态，表示过去的过去发生的动作对过去造成的影响和后果。其构成为：had+动词过去分词。故选C。 二、句型转换 1．“Have you ever been in a hot air balloon?” Melissa asked her mom.（改为宾语从句） Melissa asked her mom she ever been in a hot air ballon. 【答案】 if/whether had 【详解】句意：“你坐过热气球吗？”梅丽莎问妈妈。题干中一般疑问句充当宾语从句，应用if/whether引导；主句为一般过去时，宾语从句应用相应的过去时态，一般疑问句为现在完成时，应改为过去完成时“had done”，且从句为陈述句语序，故填if/whether；had。 2．We had finished the survey by ten last night. (改为否定句) We the survey by ten last night. 【答案】 hadn’t finished 【详解】句意：我们昨晚十点前完成了调查。改为否定句，应在助动词had后加not，缩写形式为hadn’t，其他部分保持不变。故填hadn’t；finished。 3．“What did you do to the window?” Mr. Green asked Ben. (改为间接引语) Mr. Green asked Ben what he to the window. 【答案】 had done   【详解】句意：“你对窗户做了什么？”格林先生问本。直接引语变间接引语时，从句时态要与主句时态保持一致，主句“Mr. Green asked”是一般过去时，直接引语“What did you do to the window?”是一般过去时，变为间接引语时要改为过去完成时（had + 过去分词），“do”的过去分词是“done”。故填had；done。 4．We got to the cinema. The movie began.（用before合并为一句） The movie before we got to the cinema. 【答案】 had begun 【详解】句意：我们到了电影院。电影开始了。“到达电影院”发生在过去，所以在“到达电影院”之前的事要用过去完成时，其谓语构成为：had+动词的过去分词。故填had；begun。 5．Ann’s parents went to Shanghai. Ann finished the final exam. (用by the time合并句子) By the time Ann finished the final exam, her parents to Shanghai. 【答案】 had gone 【详解】句意：当安完成期末考试时，她的父母已经去了上海。by the time+过去时间，主句用过去完成，即had+过去分词，gone是go的过去分词形式。故填had；gone。 三、完成句子 1．他说他们已经读过这本书了。 He said they already the book. 【答案】 had read 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“读过”，主句“He said”是一般过去时，宾语从句中，“已经读过这本书”表示动作发生在“说”这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，从句需用过去完成时“had＋过去分词”，read的过去分词仍是read。故填had；read。 2．在我返回学校的时候, 铃声已经响了。 I got back to school, the bell . 【答案】 By the time had rung 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处需要表达“到……的时候”和“已经响了”。“By the time”是固定短语，引导时间状语从句；主句用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”，“ring”的过去分词是“rung”。故填By；the；time；had；rung。 3．当我关门时，我意识到我把钥匙落在家里了。 When I closed the door, I realized I the keys at home. 【答案】 had left 【详解】“把……落在”leave，根据“realized”可知此处表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，其结构为had done。故填had；left。 4．我起床之前，已经开始下雨了。 It raining before I got up. 【答案】 had started 【详解】根据空后“before I got up”可知，该句应用过去完成时即“had done”。结合汉语提示，该空表达意思为“已经开始”即“had started”。故填had；started。 5．到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了3000多个单词了。 We more than 3,000 words by the end of last term. 【答案】 had learnt 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查动词learn“学习”，而由“by the end of last term”可知事件发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，其谓语结构为“had+done”，故填had；learnt。 一、完形填空 Last August I went on vacation with my husband and my son at Diana’s Baths, a place famous for waterfalls. Sitting on the rocks with my husband, I watched some 1 guarding their kids away from the rocks edges（边缘）. I felt glad that our 8-year-old son Wyatt could 2 himself. Don’t get me wrong: I still felt 3 as I saw my boy jump between the rocks. “No running,” I said from time to time. “Stay away from the edges.”But I soon 4 , and we were all having fun in the water. 5 , I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water. I 6 at him to get out. He shouted back something and then he disappeared over the edge. “Somebody help my son!” I 7 , over and over. But I only heard a woman cry. “That   8 just went over the waterfall!” she shouted at her husband. “We are leaving!” They walked away, not even looking back to see whether our child was OK. By the time I climbed down to the rocks below, my 9 had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman. She was   10 first aid. “I’m Lisa, a nurse. I’m not leaving you.” She looked at me deeply（深深地）, as if she were trying to take every bit of energy, 11 and strength（力量）in her body and pass it on to me. I held on to that energy like a rope（绳子）that could pull us to 12 . Wyatt was taken to the 13 right away.   14 we spent a sleepless（不眠的）night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK. Meeting Lisa has reminded me how we need 15 from people we don’t know. I know we are two strangers who are less strange. 1．A．parents B．teachers C．workers D．friends 2．A．talk to B．cheer for C．learn from D．look after 3．A．lonely B．proud C．worried D．sad 4．A．left B．relaxed C．shared D．returned 5．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Gradually D．Recently 6．A．looked B．pointed C．turned D．shouted 7．A．suggested B．thought C．answered D．cried 8．A．girl B．boy C．man D．woman 9．A．husband B．brother C．son D．friend 10．A．teaching B．learning C．giving D．receiving 11．A．success B．health C．value D．love 12．A．truth B．safety C．memory D．silence 13．A．school B．restaurant C．hospital D．house 14．A．If B．Unless C．After D．Before 15．A．help B．advice C．sense D．experience 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述我儿子掉到瀑布里，得到好心人帮助的故事。 1．句意: 我和丈夫坐在岩石上，看着一些父母紧张地保护他们的孩子远离岩石边缘。 parents父母；teachers老师；workers工人；friends朋友。根据“Last August I went on vacation with my husband and my son”可知，我和丈夫、儿子一起来度假，又根据后面的“their kids”可知，这里是同样来旅游的父母带着他们的孩子。故选A。 2．句意: 我很高兴我们8岁的儿子怀亚特能照顾自己。 talk to交谈；cheer for欢呼；learn from向……学习；look after照顾。根据“I watched some parents…guarding their kids away from the rocks edges”以及“I felt glad that…”可知，和其他带孩子的父母比起来，我庆幸的是我的儿子可以照顾自己。故选D。 3．句意: 当我看到我的儿子在岩石之间跳跃的时候，我仍然感到担心。 lonely孤单的；proud自豪的；worried着急的；sad难过的。根据“as I saw my boy jump between the rocks”以及“No running...”可知，我因为儿子在岩石之间跳跃感到很担心。故选C。 4．句意: 但我很快就放松了，我们都在水里玩得很开心。 left离开；relaxed放松；shared分享；returned返回。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”可知，此处表示我很快就放松下来了。故选B。 5．句意: 突然，我看到怀亚特坐在两块石头之间的流水里。 Suddenly突然地；Finally最终；Gradually逐渐地；Recently最近。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”以及“I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water”可知，事情发生得很突然。故选A。 6．句意: 我喊他让他出来。 looked看；pointed指；turned转动；shouted喊。根据“He shouted back something”可知，我朝儿子喊话，然后儿子回喊了。故选D。 7．句意: “谁来帮帮我儿子!”我哭喊着，一遍又一遍。 suggested建议；thought想；answered回答；cried哭喊。根据“Somebody help my son!”可知，我因为担心儿子所以哭喊着。故选D。 8．句意: 那个男孩刚刚去瀑布那边了! girl女孩；boy男孩；man男人；woman女人。根据“I felt glad that our 8-year-old son…”可知，此处指的是我八岁的儿子，即他人所说的男孩。故选B。 9．句意: 当我爬到下面的岩石上时，我丈夫已经在一个年轻女子的帮助下把怀亚特从水里拉了出来。 husband丈夫；brother兄弟；son儿子；friend朋友。根据第一段“Last August I went on vacation with my husband and my son”可知，应该是丈夫把儿子拉上来的。故选A。 10．句意: 她在进行急救。“我叫丽莎，是一名护士。我不会离开你的。” teaching教；learning学习；giving给；receiving接受。根据“I’m Lisa, a nurse. ”可知，护士正在进行急救。give first aid意为“急救”，故选C。 11．句意: 她深深地望着我，仿佛她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给我。 success成功；health健康；value价值；love爱。根据“as if she were trying to take every bit of energy...and strength in her body and pass it on to me”并结合选项可知，此处表示她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给我，love符合语境。故选D。 12．句意: 我像抓住一根绳子一样抓住了那股能量，它可以把我们拉到安全的地方。 truth事实；safety安全；memory记忆；silence沉默。根据“I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to...”可知，儿子落水让我感到不安，而丽萨给予的力量可以让我们觉得安心，感到安全。故选B。 13．句意: 怀亚特立刻被送去了医院。 school学校；restaurant宾馆；hospital医院；house家。根据上文可知怀亚特落水得到了护士的急救。可推断出后面怀亚特被送去了医院，故选C。 14．句意: 在那里度过了一个不眠之夜之后，我们被告知怀亚特会没事的。 If如果；Unless除非；After在……之后；Before在……之前。根据“we spent a sleepless night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK”可知，此处表示在过了一夜之后，我们被告知儿子会没事的。故选C。 15．句意: 与丽莎的相遇提醒了我，我们多么需要陌生人的帮助。 help帮助；advice建议；sense感觉；experience经验。阅读全文可知，儿子落水后，我们得到了丽萨的帮助。故选A。 二、任务型阅读 Where does luck come from? Do you think you’re a lucky person? Why or why not? Let’s see what Professor Richard Wiseman, a psychologist (心理学家), has discovered about luck. Read on. Ten years ago, I set out to study luck. I wanted to know why some people are always in the right place at the right time, while others always experience ill luck. Many people volunteered (志愿) for my research. Over the years I interviewed them, watched their lives and had them take part in my experiments. I carried out a simple experiment to discover why there were differences in their ability (能力) to spot opportunities. I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and asked them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper saying, “Tell the researcher you have seen this and win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was more than two inches (英尺) high. It was staring everyone straight in the face, but unlucky people tended to miss it and lucky people tended to spot it. Unlucky people are just more nervous than lucky people. They are busy looking only for what they need and this stops them from noticing the unexpected. As a result, they miss out on opportunities. Lucky people tend to be more relaxed and open. They can see everything that is in front of them, rather than just what they are looking for. My research shows that lucky people live by several principles (原则). Here are some of these principles: * Listen to your gut instincts (直觉) – they are often right. * Be open to new experiences and break your normal thought patterns (模式). * Spend a few moments each day remembering things that went well. * See yourself being lucky before an important meeting or phone call. 【回答问题】 16．When did Richard Wiseman start studying luck? _________________________________________________________________________________ 17．What did Richard Wiseman give to the volunteers in the experiment? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 18．What did Richard Wiseman secretly add to the newspaper? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19．Who tended to miss the message? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 20．Why are lucky people lucky? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】16．Ten years ago. 17．A newspaper. 18．He added a large message “Tell the researcher you have seen this and win $50.” 19．Unlucky people. 20．Because they tend to be more relaxed and open. They can see everything that is in front of them, rather than just what they are looking for. 【解析】本篇是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一个关于幸运的人和不幸的人的“运气”研究，得出幸运的人大多生活得更放松，更能发现生活中的方方面面，所以自然不会错过可能会让他们幸运的事。 16．根据“Ten years ago, I set out to study luck.”可知，Richard Wiseman十年前开始研究运气。故填Ten years ago. 17．根据“I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and asked them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside.”可知，Richard Wiseman给了实验中的志愿者们一张报纸。故填A newspaper. 18．根据“I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper saying, ‘Tell the researcher you have seen this and win $50.’”可知，Richard Wiseman悄悄在报纸上加了一条信息“告诉研究人员你看到了这个，赢得50美元”。故填He added a large message “Tell the researcher you have seen this and win $50.” 19．根据“... but unlucky people tended to miss it and lucky people tended to spot it.”可知，不幸运的人往往会错失这条消息。故填Unlucky people. 20．根据“Lucky people tend to be more relaxed and open. They can see everything that is in front of them, rather than just what they are looking for.”可知，幸运的人往往更加放松和开放，他们可以看到眼前的一切，而不仅仅是他们正在寻找的东西，所以他们会更幸运。故填Because they tend to be more relaxed and open. They can see everything that is in front of them, rather than just what they are looking for. 三、短文填空 根据短文内容,在空白处填入合适的词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 I will always remember the date June 7th. It was the most terrible day in my life. When I woke up that morning, it was already about 8 o'clock. Oh, no, I 21 (oversleep). I missed the first class. I rushed out of the door without breakfast. Five minutes 22 ,I got to the bus stop. When I waited for the bus, it began to rain 23 (heavy). Before I found the umbrella in my backpack, I had completely got wet. How 24 (embarrass) it was! Then, a lady behind me asked 25 I needed any help. I refused with thanks, and rushed back home to change my clothes. When I got home, I found I 26 (leave) the keys on the table in the living room. I was really 27 (disappoint) and had to return to the bus stop. After that, I got on the bus . I was 28 tired and sleepy that I fell asleep. When the driver woke me up, I 29 (miss) the stop in front of my school. Finally, I reached the school gate after 40 minutes. To my 30 (surprise),there was no student there. Oh, I realized that it was Sunday. 【答案】 21．overslept 22．later 23．heavily 24．embarrassing 25．if/whether 26．had left 27．disappointed 28．so 29．had missed 30．surprise 【解析】文章讲述的是作者永远记住六月七日这一天，因为这是他一生中最糟糕的一天。文中写了他在那一天经历的一些糟糕的事情。 21．句意：哦，不，我睡过头了。 根据句意理解及前句的动词was可知，前句用的是过去时，所以这里也用过去时，oversleep的过去式是overslept，故答案为overslept。 22．句意：五分钟后，我到了公共汽车站。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“五分钟之后”，在这里“之后”的英语是later，符合“时间段+later”的用法，表示“多久之后”，所以这里直接用later，故答案为later。 23．句意：我等公共汽车时，天开始下大雨。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“下大雨”，空格在这里表示“雨下的很大”，修饰的是前面的动词rain，修饰动词要用副词，所以这里应该用副词，故答案为heavily。 24．句意：真尴尬！ 根据句意理解可知，这里空格表达的是“尴尬的”，在句中作表语，所以应该用形容词，而这里指的是“这件事情是令人尴尬的”，所以应该用ing形容词，故答案为embarrassing。 25．句意：我身后的一位女士问我是否需要帮助。 根据句意理解及空格前的asked可知，这里表达的是“问是否需要帮助”，英语是if/ whether，引导宾语从句，故答案为if/ whether。 26．句意：当我到家的时候，我发现我把钥匙落在客厅的桌子上了。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“把钥匙落在……”，而主句动作found是过去时，从句动作是在主句动作之前发生的，所以应该用过去完成时，故答案为had left。 27．句意：我真的很失望。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“失望的”，放在be动词后面做表语，且空格在句中修饰的是I，英语中修饰人用ed形容词，故答案为disappointed。 28．句意：我又累又困，睡着了。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“如此……以至于”，英语是一个连词so … that …，引导结果状语从句；所以这里应该用so，故答案为so。 29．句意：当司机把我叫醒时，我错过了学校门前的停车站。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“已经错过”，而这里主句动作发生在从句动作之前，从句动作woke是过去时，所以主句的动作应该用过去完成时，故答案为had missed。 30．句意：令我惊讶的是，那里没有学生。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“令某人惊讶的是”，英语是一个固定结构to one’s surprise，这里surprise是一个名词，故答案为surprise。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $