完形填空专项练习(5)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文(Word练习)-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义(译林版)

2025-11-12
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(五)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文   [考情速递] 高考完形填空选材虽以记叙文为主,但近几年也偶有考查说明文和议论文。说明文和议论文能够有效考查考生的逻辑理解能力以及综合运用语言的能力。 A (每小题1分,共15分) (2025·长沙适应性考试)When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non­verbal(非言语的) signals.That is to say, all the ways in which we 1 without words work out. 2 , in the digital workspace, this kind of communication can seem less 3 .Many work 4 now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off. Parts of non­verbal communication have always 5 outside face­to­face interaction, of course.For example, these unnoticeable 6 could begin with a profile picture on your CV(简历);even deciding whether or not to add an emoji(表情符号) in a work group chat can change the 7 of the interaction. Yet the new workplace shift in where and how we work has 8 the world of non­verbal communication greatly.For instance, in video calls, the background can give all sorts of non­verbal 9 about co­workers' lifestyles, 10 and level of professionalism.Let's say, if a co­worker positions the camera below the chin(下巴), 11 others to look up, you begin to dislike him or her, almost 12 .Indeed, data have shown that during video calls, factors like camera angles, distance from the camera and ability to make eye contact all 13 how likeable people are noticed to be. In a new world where 14 working is rapidly developing, being willing to engage non­verbally makes it 15 to understand others and to be understood. 1. A.unite B.communicate C.recognize D.cooperate 2. A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore 3. A.important B.separable C.adventurous D.flexible 4. A.conditions B.conversations C.seats D.paces 5. A.survived B.proved C.transformed D.existed 6. A.signals B.maps C.journeys D.articles 7. A.milestone B.analysis C.feel D.study 8. A.quitted B.expanded C.failed D.reduced 9. A.information B.change C.application D.concern 10.A.meetings B.suggestions C.interests D.videos 11.A.inspiring B.forcing C.permitting D.warning 12.A.continuously B.willingly C.carefully D.instantly 13.A.impact B.accomplish C.report D.harm 14.A.diligent B.crazy C.remote D.abstract 15.A.easier B.harder C.more traditional D.more exciting B (每小题1分,共15分) (2025·江苏泰州模拟预测)A happy­sad state can be as confusing to people as to psychologists.This is not about “smiling depression” where someone feels emotional pain, but 1 those feelings with a happy face.Rather, it's 2 experiencing those two 3 emotions at once. When Jeff Larsen, a psychology professor, simply asks people if it's 4 to feel such mixed emotions, most people immediately say “yes” showing how 5 the experience is.But Larsen takes a more 6 approach.In his experiments, he asked people to watch a clip(电影片段) from a bittersweet movie and press one button if they felt 7 , another if they felt happy,or 8 at the same time if they felt both emotions at once.It 9 about half pressed both happy and sad buttons at once, 10 not for very long.Larsen 11 the experience is rare, but possible. Yale University psychology professor Laurie Santos 12 it's possible for people to feel both positive and negative emotions at once.Situations that often 13 a happy­sad state include bittersweet events like 14 or a move to a new city for a job—situations when you're sad about 15 , but happy about new opportunities, she noted.Endings that are also beginnings make these emotionally­rich events, Larsen added. 1. A.bottles up B.talks about C.gets over D.cares about 2. A.hardly B.occasionally C.suddenly D.truly 3. A.disturbing B.conflicting C.positive D.powerful 4. A.possible B.strange C.necessary D.acceptable 5. A.valuable B.abstract C.universal D.interesting 6. A.traditional B.theoretical C.scientific D.creative 7. A.awkward B.worried C.angry D.sad 8. A.both B.neither C.either D.each 9. A.stood out B.let out C.pointed out D.turned out 10.A.until B.though C.if D.once 11.A.believes B.predicts C.remembers D.doubts 12.A.expects B.agrees C.wonders D.imagines 13.A.change B.cause C.determine D.reflect 14.A.accidents B.adventures C.celebrations D.graduations 15.A.leaving B.forgetting C.failing D.losing C (每小题1分,共15分) (2025·安徽淮南一模)“Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say except me.When I try to join in, I get anxious and have a struggle 1 words.This happens at parties or meetings and I feel 2 —as if I were being interviewed for a job.People think I am a loner.Maybe I am?” Individuals experiencing this type of social 3 often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel 4 and judged.The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often frustrating.It prevents these individuals from defending and 5 for themselves in social environments, though they may be 6 at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than 7 . Fitting into groups of people requires 8 .You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do.Becoming a part of these groups requires that you 9 some of your individuality in order to accept others' 10 and values. Some individuals are like chameleons (变色龙) in that they 11 pick up the patterns of different groups and 12 themselves accordingly.For them, this is automatic and they don't even come to the 13 that they are changing themselves to fit into groups.If you are one of those people who feels 14 in most social group settings, it may be because you 15 changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group and this shouldn't be a weakness or a failure. 1. A.reading B.pronouncing C.grasping D.writing 2. A.exposed B.caged C.perceived D.judged 3. A.remoteness B.discomfort C.event D.reality 4. A.transparent B.rigid C.urgent D.disappointed 5. A.insisting on B.breaking with C.sticking up D.talking over 6. A.critical B.effective C.contradictory D.tentative 7. A.contribution B.requirement C.assignment D.socialization 8. A.patience B.honesty C.curiosity D.agreement 9. A.sacrifice B.claim C.examine D.present 10.A.hobbies B.approaches C.views D.promises 11.A.naturally B.partly C.vaguely D.merely 12.A.explain B.support C.help D.adapt 13.A.conclusion B.awareness C.decision D.point 14.A.rewarded B.removed C.disconnected D.connected 15.A.resist B.allow C.miss D.undergo (五)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文参考答案 A篇 [语篇解读] 本文是说明文。无论是在面对面工作中还是在互联网时代的远程工作中,非言语交流都很重要。以非言语的方式参与沟通会让你更容易理解别人,也更容易被别人理解。 1.B [文章首句“When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non­verbal(非言语的) signals”指的是当面对面工作时,我们大多数人对非言语信号有一种自然的理解。结合所给选项可推知,空处所在句应指面对面交流时我们所有不用语言的交流方式才能起到作用,故选B。unite“团结”;communicate“交流”;recognize“识别出”;cooperate“合作”。] 2.B [根据空后的“in the digital workspace, this kind of communication can seem less__3__”与第一段内容构成转折关系,故选B。otherwise“否则”;therefore“因此”。] 3.A [下文中的“even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off”是对此处内容的佐证,所以推测在数字工作空间中,这种交流似乎不那么重要了,故选A。important“重要的”;separable“可分开的”;adventurous“有冒险精神的”;flexible“灵活的”。] 4.B [根据空后的“via online chats, and even video meetings”可知,此处是说“现在许多工作对话都是通过在线聊天进行的,甚至视频会议也可以在关闭摄像头的情况下进行”,故选B。condition“状况”;conversation“对话”;seat“座位”;pace“步速”。] 5.D [根据下文举的例子中的“a profile picture on your CV(简历);even deciding whether or not to add an emoji(表情符号) in a work group chat”可知,此处是说,部分非言语交流一直存在于面对面的互动之外,故选D。survive“存活下来”;prove“证明”;transform“使转变”;exist“存在”。] 6.A [本句中的a profile picture on your CV (简历)以及emoji(表情符号) in a work group chat都属于相互交流中给予对方的各种信号,故选A。signal“信号”;map“地图”;journey“旅行”;article“文章”。] 7.C [结合语境和常识可知,此处说的是“甚至在工作群聊天中决定是否添加表情符号也会改变互动的感觉”,故选C。milestone“里程碑”;analysis“分析”;feel“感觉”;study“研究”。] 8.B [根据常识、主语the new workplace shift和空后的宾语the world of non­verbal communication greatly可推测,此处表示工作地点和工作方式上的新转变极大地扩展了非言语交流的范畴,故选B。quit“离任”;expand“使扩大”;fail“使失望”;reduce“减少”。] 9.A [此处在举例说明工作地点和工作方式的新转变扩大了非言语交流的范畴。结合常识可知,在视频通话中,背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非言语信息,故选A。information“信息”;change“变化”;application“申请”;concern“关心”。] 10.C [参见上题解析,故选C。] 11.B [根据空前的“a co­work positions the camera below the chin(下巴)”并结合常识可知,如果是一个同事把镜头放在下巴以下,那肯定会迫使其他人抬头看,故选B。inspire“激发”;force“强迫”;permit“允许”;warn“警告”。] 12.D [如果某个同事的行为导致其他人不舒服,那他会几乎马上招来其他人的反感,故选D。continuously“连续不断地”;willingly“心甘情愿地”;carefully“仔细地”;instantly“立刻地”。] 13.A [根据上文可知,非言语交流影响着人们互动的感觉。由此可知,此处是说“在视频通话过程中,摄像头角度、与摄像头的距离以及眼神接触的能力等因素都会影响人们的受欢迎程度”,故选A。impact“影响”;accomplish“完成”;report“报告”;harm“伤害”。] 14.C [上文提到的视频会议以及视频通话等都属于远程工作,再结合空前的In a new world和常识可知,此处是说“在一个远程工作迅速发展的新世界里”,故选C。diligent“勤奋的”;crazy“疯狂的”;remote“遥远的”;abstract“抽象的”。] 15.A [根据上文可知,非言语交流在人际交往中起着非常重要的作用,愿意以非言语的方式进行互动会使彼此之间更容易相互了解,故选A。] B篇 [语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。科学家通过实验证明,人们有可能同时感受到开心和悲伤的情绪。 1.A [考查动词短语辨析。句意:这不是一种“微笑抑郁症”,即某人感到情绪上的痛苦,但却用快乐的脸来掩饰这些情绪。bottles up隐藏,克制;talks about谈论;gets over克服;cares about关心。根据smiling depression及where引导的定语从句可知,“微笑抑郁症”病人会用快乐的脸来掩饰内心的痛苦。故选A项。] 2.D [考查副词词义辨析。句意:相反,它是真正同时体验到这两种相互冲突的情绪。hardly几乎不;occasionally偶然;suddenly突然;truly真正地。根据前文用“微笑抑郁症”作对比,该病人会掩饰自己的痛苦,而Rather进行转折,可知,A happy­sad state指的是一种真正的感受。故选D项。] 3.B [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:相反,它是真正同时体验到这两种相互冲突的情绪。disturbing令人不安的;conflicting相矛盾的;positive积极的;powerful有力量的。根据下文“if it's __4__ to feel such mixed emotions”可知,A happy­sad state是指一种能同时体验到矛盾情绪的感受。故选B项。] 4.A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当心理学教授杰夫·拉森(Jeff Larsen)简单地问人们是否有可能感受到这种复杂的情绪时,大多数人立即回答“有”,这表明这种体验是多么普遍。possible可能的;strange奇怪的;necessary必要的;acceptable可接受的。根据“most people immediately say ‘yes’”可知,此处表示拉森询问是否有可能体会到这种情绪。故选A项。] 5.C [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当心理学教授杰夫·拉森(Jeff Larsen)简单地问人们是否有可能感受到这种复杂的情绪时,大多数人立即回答“有”,这表明这种体验是多么普遍。valuable有价值的;abstract抽象的;universal普遍的;interesting有趣的。根据“most people immediately say ‘yes’”可知,当被问及能否体验这种感受时,大部分人立即同意,说明这种体验是普遍的。故选C项。] 6.C [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但拉森采用了一种更科学的方法。traditional传统的;theoretical理论上的;scientific科学上的;creative有创造力的。根据“In his experiments”及下文试验可知,拉森采取了一种科学方法进行验证。故选C项。] 7.D [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在他的实验中,他要求人们观看一段苦乐参半的电影片段,如果感到悲伤就按一个按钮,如果感到快乐就按另一个按钮,如果同时感受到两种情绪就同时按两个按钮。awkward尴尬的;worried担忧的;angry生气的;sad伤心的。根据“press one button if they felt __7__, another if they felt happy”可知,空处的情绪与happy相对,为悲伤的情绪。故选D项。] 8.A [考查代词词义辨析。句意:在他的实验中,他要求人们观看一段苦乐参半的电影片段,如果感到悲伤就按一个按钮,如果感到快乐就按另一个按钮,如果同时感受到两种情绪就同时按两个按钮。both两者都;neither两者都不;either两者中的任一个;each每一。根据“at the same time if they felt both emotions at once”可知,如果两种情绪都能感受到,就两个按钮都按,此处both指代两个按钮。故选A项。] 9.D [考查动词短语辨析。句意:结果是,大约一半的人同时按下了快乐和悲伤的按钮,尽管时间不长。stood out脱颖而出;let out释放;pointed out指出;turned out结果是。根据“half pressed both happy and sad buttons at once”可知,这里表示试验结果,用turn out。故选D项。] 10.B [考查连词词义辨析。句意:结果是,大约一半的人同时按下了快乐和悲伤的按钮,尽管时间不长。until直到;though尽管;if如果;once一旦。根据“not for very long”及前文讲到试验结果,一半的人同时按下了快乐和悲伤的按钮可知,此处表示让步,表示“尽管时间不长”。故选B项。] 11.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意:拉森认为这种经历很少见,但也是可能的。believes相信;predicts预测;remembers记得;doubts怀疑。根据“the experience is rare, but possible”及前文试验内容可知,拉森相信了这种经历是可能的。故选A项。] 12.B [考查动词词义辨析。句意:耶鲁大学心理学教授劳里·桑托斯也同意,人们有可能同时感受到积极和消极的情绪。expects期待;agrees同意;wonders想知道;imagines想象。根据“it's possible for people to feel both positive and negative emotions at once”可知,Laurie Santos博士也同意人们有可能同时感受到积极和消极的情绪。故选B项。] 13.B [考查动词词义辨析。句意:她指出,经常导致悲喜交加的情况包括苦乐参半的事件,比如毕业或搬到一个新城市工作——当你对离开感到难过,但对新的机会感到高兴的情况。change改变;cause导致;determine决定;reflect反思。根据“that often __13__ a happy­sad state”可知,此处为定语从句修饰Situations,表示能导致悲喜交加的情况。故选B项。] 14.D [考查名词词义辨析。句意:她指出,经常导致悲喜交加的情况包括苦乐参半的事件,比如毕业或搬到一个新城市工作——当你对离开感到难过,但对新的机会感到高兴的情况。accidents事故;adventures冒险;celebrations庆祝;graduations毕业。根据a move to a new city for a job可以推断出,搬去新的城市会有离开的难过和开启新生活的兴奋,与此类似的有“毕业”。故选D项。] 15.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意:她指出,经常导致悲喜交加的情况包括苦乐参半的事件,比如毕业或搬到一个新城市工作——当你对离开感到难过,但对新的机会感到高兴的情况。leaving离开;forgetting忘记;failing失败;losing失去。根据happy about new opportunities并结合上文举例毕业和搬家可知,这两种例子中人们都会离开旧地方,去新地方。故选A项。] C篇 [语篇解读]本文是议论文。文章主要解释的是要想融入一个群体往往需要牺牲自己的一些个性去达到与整个群体的一致,有些人可以自然地做到这一点,有些人却往往感觉社交不适,但拒绝改变思维方式去融入一个群体也不是缺点或者失败。 1.B [考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我试着加入的时候,我就会感到焦虑,并且很难说出话来。reading阅读;pronouncing发音,说话;grasping掌握;writing写作。根据上文中的“Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say except me.”可知,说这段话的人认为当自己与别人在一起时,自己不知道该说什么,结合“I get anxious”可知,此处指的是感觉很难“说出话”。故选B项。] 2.D [考查动词词义辨析。句意:这种情况发生在聚会或会议上,我觉得自己受到了评判——就好像我在面试一份工作一样。exposed接触;caged把……关入笼内;perceived感知;judged评判。根据下文中的“as if I were being interviewed for a job”可知,在聚会或者会议上,说这段话的人觉得像是面试找工作一样,所以此处指的是“评判”。故选D项。] 3.B [考查名词词义辨析。句意:遇到这种社交不适的人通常会避免目光接触,因为这让他们觉得自己被看透,被人评判。remoteness偏远;discomfort不适;event重大事件;reality现实。根据上文描述的不知道说什么、感到焦虑的经历可知,此处指遇到这种社交不适的人。故选B项。] 4.A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:遇到这种社交不适的人通常会避免目光接触,因为这让他们觉得自己被看透,被人评判。transparent透明的;rigid僵硬的;urgent紧急的;disappointed失望的。根据上文中的“Individuals experiencing this type of social __3__ often avoid eye contact”以及because可知,上下文之间为因果关系,这样的人经常避免目光接触,是因为眼神接触会使得他们觉得自己被看透,被评判,所以“透明的”符合语境。故选A项。] 5.C [考查动词短语辨析。句意:它阻止了这些人在社会环境中为自己辩护和维护自己,尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。insisting on坚持;breaking with断绝关系;sticking up竖起;talking over讨论。根据上文中的“The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often frustrating.”可知,尴尬和不适会让他们感到沮丧,结合空前的“It prevents these individuals from defending”以及and可知,这就阻止了这些人捍卫和“维护”自己,stick up for sb.是固定短语,意为“支持某人,维护某人”。故选C项。] 6.B [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它阻止了这些人在社会环境中为自己辩护和维护自己,尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。critical关键的,严重的;effective有效的;contradictory对立的;tentative试探性的。根据空前的though可知,此处语义有转折,结合下文中的“holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than __7__”可推知,在专注于任务的环境中,这些人能有效坚持自己的观点。故选B项。] 7.D [考查名词词义辨析。句意:它阻止了这些人在社会环境中为自己辩护和维护自己,尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。contribution贡献;requirement要求;assignment任务;socialization社会化。根据上文中的“they may be __6__ at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task”以及rather than可知,此处描述的是不擅长社交的人在专注于任务时可以有效坚持自己观点,与任务相对且符合题意的应该是“社会化”。故选D项。] 8.D [考查名词词义辨析。句意:融入群体需要达成一致。patience耐心;honesty诚实;curiosity好奇;agreement一致性。根据下文中的“You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do.”可知,要想融入一个群体,你需要对群体中的其他人的话题感兴趣,并且按照他们的方式讨论问题,也就是要与其他人一致。故选D项。] 9.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意:成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。sacrifice牺牲;claim声称;examine检测;present提交。根据上文中的“You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do.”可知,要融入一个群体中,要与群体中的其他人一致,那就要“牺牲”自己的一点个性。故选A项。] 10.C [考查名词词义辨析。句意:成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。hobbies业余爱好;approaches方法;views观点;promises承诺。根据下文中的and values可知,空处与values并列,作accept的宾语,由此推知,views“观点”符合语境,表示去接受别人的“观点”和价值观。故选C项。] 11.A [考查副词词义辨析。句意:有些人就像变色龙一样,因为他们自然地接受不同群体的模式,并相应地使自己适应。naturally自然地;partly部分地;vaguely含糊地;merely仅仅。根据上文中的“Some individuals are like chameleons (变色龙)”可知,有些人就像变色龙一样,而变色龙可以自然地与周围环境融入一体,所以此处指的是这样的人可以“自然地”接受不同群体的模式。故选A项。] 12.D [考查动词词义辨析。句意:有些人就像变色龙一样,因为他们自然地接受不同群体的模式,并相应地使自己适应。explain解释;support支持;help帮助;adapt适应。根据上文中的“pick up the patterns of different groups”以及下文中的accordingly可知,这样的人能接受不同群体的模式,因此也就能让自己“适应”群体。故选D项。] 13.B [考查名词词义辨析。句意:对他们来说,这是自动的,他们甚至没有意识到他们正在改变自己以适应群体。conclusion结论;awareness意识;decision决定;point观点。根据上文中的“For them, this is automatic”可知,对他们来说,适应群体是自动的反应,所以此处指的是他们都没有“意识到”自己正在改变。故选B项。] 14.C [考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果你是那些在大多数社会群体中感到疏离的人之一,那可能是因为你拒绝为感觉自己是群体的一部分而改变思维方式,这不应该是一个弱点或失败。rewarded受到奖励的;removed被清除的;disconnected被疏远的;connected有联系的。根据下文中的“and this shouldn't be a weakness or a failure”可知,作者认为这并不应该是一个弱点或者失败,由此可猜测,此处谈论的应是不擅长社交的人,所以此处指的是在大多数社会群体中感到“被疏远”。故选C项。] 15.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你是那些在大多数社会群体中感到疏离的人之一,那可能是因为你拒绝为感觉自己是群体的一部分而改变思维方式,这不应该是一个弱点或失败。resist抵制;allow允许;miss错过;undergo经历。根据下文中的“and this shouldn't be a weakness or a failure”可知,作者认为这并不应该是一个弱点或者失败,由此可猜测,此处谈论的应是不擅长社交的人,这样的人往往“拒绝”为成为群体中的一员而改变自己的思维方式。故选A项。] ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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完形填空专项练习(5)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文(Word练习)-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义(译林版)
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完形填空专项练习(5)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文(Word练习)-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义(译林版)
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完形填空专项练习(5)创新命题热点——非常规选裁之说明文与议论文(Word练习)-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义(译林版)
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