专题05 阅读技巧与题材归类： 不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式（知识清单，广东专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题05 阅读技巧与题材归类：不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式 一、记叙文阅读技巧 1. 抓住六要素：时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how) 2. 理清叙事线索：时间顺序、空间顺序、事件发展顺序 3. 分析人物特征：通过语言、动作、心理描写分析人物性格 4. 理解环境描写：社会环境描写和自然环境描写的作用 5. 把握情节发展：开端(beginning)、发展(development)、高潮(climax)、结局(ending) 6. 体会作者情感：通过细节描写体会作者态度和情感倾向 7. 注意修辞手法：比喻(simile)、拟人(personification)、排比(parallelism)等 8. 理解文章主旨：通过整体阅读把握文章中心思想 重要短语： plot development 情节发展 character analysis 人物分析 main idea 主旨 in the end 最后 turn out 结果是 常见设问方式： 1. What is the main idea of the story? 2. What can we learn from the passage? 3. How did the character feel when...? 4. What happened in the end? 5. Why did the character do...? 6. What is the relationship between...? 7. Where did the story take place? 8. What would probably happen next? 二、说明文阅读技巧 1. 抓住说明对象：明确文章说明的事物或事理 2. 理清说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序 3. 掌握说明方法：举例子(exemplification)、列数字(statistics)、作比较(comparison)、分类别(classification) 4. 理解文章结构：总分式、并列式、递进式等结构特点 5. 把握事物特征：通过关键词语把握说明对象的特征 6. 注意语言特点：准确、严谨、客观的语言风格 7. 分析段落关系：段落之间的逻辑联系 8. 理解专业术语：结合上下文理解专业词汇的含义 重要短语： for example 例如 such as 比如 in other words 换句话说 that is to say 也就是说 according to 根据 常见设问方式： 1. What is the purpose of the passage? 2. What is the main feature of...? 3. How does the author explain...? 4. What is the correct order of...? 5. What method does the author use to...? 6. What does the underlined word mean? 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? 8. What is the best title for the passage? 三、议论文阅读技巧 1. 找出中心论点：明确作者的观点和主张 2. 识别论据类型：事实论据、数据论据、理论论据 3. 分析论证方法：举例论证、对比论证、因果论证 4. 理解论证结构：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题 5. 把握作者态度：支持(support)、反对(oppose)、中立(neutral) 6. 识别连接词语：表示因果、转折、递进等关系的词语 7. 分析段落功能：引言段、正文段、结论段的作用 8. 评估论证效果：论据是否充分，论证是否合理 重要短语： in my opinion 在我看来 from my perspective 从我的角度来看 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 in conclusion 总之 常见设问方式： 1. What is the author's main argument? 2. What evidence does the author provide? 3. What is the author's attitude towards...? 4. With which statement would the author agree? 5. What is the purpose of the...paragraph? 6. How does the author support his argument? 7. What conclusion can we draw from the passage? 8. What might be the best title for the passage? 四、实用文体阅读技巧 1. 应用文：注意格式特征和实用目的 2. 新闻报道：抓住5W1H要素 3. 广告宣传：识别宣传目的和说服技巧 4. 科技文章：理解专业术语和科学概念 5. 图表数据：分析数据趋势和相互关系 6. 说明书：注意操作步骤和使用注意事项 7. 书信邮件：理解写信目的和情感态度 8. 公告通知：抓住关键信息和具体要求 重要短语： due to 由于 as a result 结果 in addition 另外 for instance 例如 in summary 总之 常见设问方式： 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? 2. Who is the intended audience? 3. What should you do if...? 4. What information can you get from the chart? 5. What is the deadline for...? 6. How can you contact...? 7. What is the advantage of...? 8. Where would you probably see this passage? 五、阅读解题核心技巧 1. 快速浏览(skimming)：快速阅读获取大意 2. 扫读(scanning)：寻找特定信息 3. 猜测词义(guessing meaning)：通过上下文猜测生词 4. 理解指代(understanding reference)：弄清代词所指内容 5. 推理判断(making inferences)：根据已知信息进行推理 6. 理解隐含意思(understanding implied meaning)：理解言外之意 7. 识别写作目的(identifying purpose)：识别作者的写作意图 8. 评价文章(evaluating the passage)：评价文章的可信度和价值 重要句式： The passage mainly discusses... 文章主要讨论... The author's attitude is... 作者的态度是... It can be inferred that... 可以推断出... The word "..." probably means... "..."这个词可能意思是... The purpose of the passage is to... 文章的目的是.. . 一、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1. The novel is said ________ (translate) into more than 20 languages. 【答案】to have been translated 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这部小说已经被翻译成20多种语言。be said to do是固定结构，translate与novel之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，故用不定式的完成被动式。 2. Not only ________ (be) he a great scientist, but he was also a talented musician. 【答案】was 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他不仅是一位伟大的科学家，还是一位有才华的音乐家。not only位于句首时，其后的句子要用部分倒装。 3. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, the sports meet will be postponed. 【答案】rains 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果明天下雨，运动会将被推迟。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 4. The problem requires ________ (deal) with immediately. 【答案】dealing/to be dealt 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题需要立即处理。require后接动名词表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式。 5. It is essential that the plan ________ (carry) out smoothly. 【答案】(should) be carried 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：重要的是这个计划要顺利执行。在"It is essential that..."句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气，且plan与carry out之间是被动关系。 6. By the time he retires, he ________ (work) for this company for 40 years. 【答案】will have worked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到他退休时，他将已经为这家公司工作40年了。by the time引导时间状语从句，主句动作在将来某个时间前完成，用将来完成时。 7. The boy was last seen ________ (play) near the river. 【答案】playing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人最后看到这个男孩在河边玩耍。see sb doing表示"看到某人正在做某事"。 8. So difficult ________ the exam that many students failed. 【答案】was 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：考试如此之难，以至于许多学生不及格。so...that...结构中，so及其修饰的成分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 9. I'd rather you ________ (not tell) him the news yesterday. 【答案】hadn't told 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你昨天没有告诉他这个消息。would rather后的从句表示过去的情况，用过去完成时。 10. The building ________ (construct) now will be a new library. 【答案】being constructed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在建造的那座大楼将是一个新图书馆。building与construct之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词的被动式。 11. Hardly ________ he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 【答案】had 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他刚开始讲话，观众就打断了他。hardly...when...结构中，hardly位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 12. It's no use ________ (cry) over spilt milk. 【答案】crying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。It's no use doing是固定句型，表示"做...没有用"。 13. The number of students in this school ________ (be) increasing steadily. 【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这所学校的学生人数正在稳步增长。the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 14. Were I in your position, I ________ (accept) the offer. 【答案】would accept 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我处在你的位置，我会接受这个提议。这是省略if的虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。 15. The book is well worth ________ (read) a second time. 【答案】reading 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书很值得再读一遍。be worth doing是固定搭配。 16. No sooner ________ the announcement ________ (make) than protests began. 【答案】had; been made 【解析】考查倒装结构和动词时态。句意：通知刚一宣布，抗议就开始了。no sooner...than...结构中，no sooner位于句首时主句要倒装，且announcement与make之间是被动关系。 17. He objected to ________ (treat) like a child. 【答案】being treated 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他反对被当作孩子对待。object to中的to是介词，后接动名词，且he与treat之间是被动关系。 18. It is the first time that I ________ (visit) this city. 【答案】have visited 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这是我第一次访问这个城市。在"It is the first time that..."句型中，that从句要用现在完成时。 19. Only by practicing constantly ________ you improve your English. 【答案】can 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：只有通过不断练习，你才能提高英语水平。"only+状语"位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 20. I feel like ________ (go) for a walk after dinner. 【答案】going 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：晚饭后我想去散步。feel like doing是固定搭配，表示"想要做某事"。 二、选择题 1. ________ the project in time, we worked day and night. A. Finishing B. To finish C. Finished D. Finish 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了及时完成这个项目，我们夜以继日地工作。此处用不定式作目的状语。 2. If he ________ my advice, he wouldn't be in trouble now. A. took B. has taken C. had taken D. takes 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他当时听了我的建议，现在就不会有麻烦了。表示与过去事实相反的假设。 3. Not until midnight ________ working. A. did he stop B. he stopped C. stopped he D. he did stop 【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：直到午夜他才停止工作。not until位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 4. The house wants ________, but we can't afford it at present. A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. being repaired 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这房子需要修理，但我们目前负担不起。want doing表示"需要被..."。 5. It is required that every student ________ the safety rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. has obeyed 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求每个学生都要遵守安全规则。在"It is required that..."句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气。 6. By next year, she ________ here for five years. A. will work B. will have worked C. has worked D. works 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到明年，她将已经在这里工作五年了。by next year表示将来时间，用将来完成时。 7. So excited ________ that he couldn't fall asleep. A. was he B. he was C. did he D. he did 【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他如此兴奋，以至于无法入睡。so...that...结构中，so位于句首时主句要倒装。 8. I remember ________ him at the party last night. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. saw 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得昨晚在聚会上见过他。remember doing表示"记得做过某事"。 9. Had you arrived earlier, you ________ the famous scientist. A. would meet B. would have met C. met D. had met 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早到一些，你就会见到那位著名科学家了。这是省略if的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。 10. Never ________ such a beautiful sunset before. A. I have seen B. have I seen C. I saw D. did I see 【答案】B 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：我以前从未见过如此美丽的日落。never位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 11. The teacher doesn't permit ________ in the classroom. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师不允许在教室里吸烟。permit doing是固定用法。 12. It's time we ________ to bed. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是我们该睡觉的时候了。It's time后的从句要用虚拟语气。 13. Only when you have tried it yourself ________ how difficult it is. A. you will know B. will you know C. you know D. do you know 【答案】B 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：只有当你亲自尝试过，你才会知道它有多难。"only+状语从句"位于句首时，主句要倒装。 14. The film is worth ________ twice. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. seen 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影值得看两遍。be worth doing是固定搭配。 15. If it ________ for your help, I wouldn't have succeeded. A. was not B. were not C. had not been D. has not been 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我不会成功。表示与过去事实相反的假设。 16. Little ________ about his own safety at that time. A. does he care B. he cared C. did he care D. he cares 【答案】C 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：当时他几乎不关心自己的安全。little位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 17. I suggest that we ________ a meeting to discuss the problem. A. hold B. held C. will hold D. have held 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我建议我们开个会来讨论这个问题。suggest表示建议时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。 18. The question is too difficult ________. A. to answer B. answering C. answered D. to be answered 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题太难回答了。too...to...是固定结构，此处用主动形式表示被动意义。 19. Not a single word ________ when he heard the bad news. A. did he say B. he said C. said he D. does he say 【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：当他听到这个坏消息时，一句话也没说。否定词not位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 20. He is considering ________ a new car. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. bought 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他正在考虑买一辆新车。consider doing是固定搭配。 三、阅读理解 A （2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02）） The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 1．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 3．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 4．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 5．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了山东淄博被称为“足球之乡”，是古代运动蹴鞠的发源地。讲述了蹴鞠的历史发展，包括其在不同朝代的用途和流行程度，还介绍了淄博临淄的蹴鞠第七代传承人李为鹏，他练习蹴鞠技艺多年，并致力于在学校推广蹴鞠，如今蹴鞠在当地中小学颇受欢迎。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Zibo is called the home of soccer ball. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. (淄博被称为“足球之乡”。它是中国古代蹴鞠运动的发源地。)”可知，淄博被称为“足球之乡”是因为它是古代中国足球运动蹴鞠的发源地。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了蹴鞠的发展历程，从古代作为民间娱乐活动，到汉代士兵用于军事训练，再到唐代女性在宫廷中玩蹴鞠供皇帝娱乐，最后在宋代进入黄金时期，但在明代逐渐淡出人们的生活。因此，第二段的主要意思是蹴鞠的发展过程。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. (然而，这项有着2000多年历史的游戏在明代逐渐淡出了人们的生活。)”可知，在明代，这项拥有2000多年历史的运动逐渐淡出了人们的生活。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. (教学生蹴鞠动作是李的工作之一。)”可知，李伟鹏的工作之一是教学生蹴鞠的动作，即他将蹴鞠技能传授给了年轻一代。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了蹴鞠这一古代中国足球运动的历史、发展以及现代传承情况，特别是通过李伟鹏这一现代传承人的故事来展现。故选B。 B （2026年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01）） Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most-talked-about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. 140,000 people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming, and people cannot prepare for them beforehand. 6．How many people died in the earthquake in Portugal? A．About 2,000. B．Around 90,000. C．Over 830,000. D．Above 700. 7．Which was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．Portugal, 1755. B．Japan, 1923. C．China, 1056. D．America, 1906. 8．What does the underlined word “beforehand” in the last paragraph mean? A．For sure. B．With care. C．By hand. D．In advance. 9．People often worry about the earthquakes because________. A．we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming B．people cannot prepare for them beforehand. C．both A and B D．strong earthquakes often kill the most people. 10．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? A．Earthquakes are not likely to cause big fires. B．Earthquakes often hit people unexpectedly. C．Mountainous countries have no earthquakes. D．Strong earthquakes often kill the most people. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地发生的一些严重地震以及人们对地震感到担忧的原因。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.(1755年，葡萄牙发生了一次有记录以来最强烈的地震之一。约2000人死亡)”可知，1755年在葡萄牙发生的地震中，大约有2000人死亡。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1056(.有史以来报道的最严重地震也发生在中国，此次地震造成830,000人死亡，发生在1056年)”可知，有史以来报道的最严重的地震发生在中国，时间是1056年，那次地震造成了83万人死亡。故选C项。 8．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“The reason is that we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming, and people cannot prepare for them beforehand.(原因是我们常常不知道地震何时来临，而人们也无法beforehand做好准备)”可知，人们担心地震是因为我们常常不知道地震何时会发生，。由此可知，划线词beforehand与in advance“提前”意思接近。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Earthquakes  worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when the  earthquakes are coming, and people cannot prepare for them beforehand.(地震使人们非常担心。原因是我们常常不知道地震什么时候会来，人们也无法事先做好准备)” 可知，人们担心地震的原因是我们常常不知道地震何时会发生，并且人们无法事先为地震做准备。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.(大多数人在地震后的火灾中死亡)”可知，在 1923 年日本东京、横滨地区的地震中，大多数人死于地震后的火灾，说明地震有可能引发大火，所以A选项“Earthquakes are not likely to cause big fires(地震不可能导致火灾)”表述错误；根据最后一段“The reason is that we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming, and people cannot prepare for them beforehand.(原因是我们常常不知道地震什么时候会来，人们也无法事先做好准备)”可知，我们常常不知道地震何时会发生，人们无法提前准备，这意味着地震常常会在意想不到的时候袭击人们，B选项“Earthquakes often hit people unexpectedly(地震经常出其不意地袭击人们)”表述正确；根据第一段“Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous(多地震的国家通常多山)”可知，地震多发的国家通常是多山的，C选项“Mountainous countries have no earthquakes.(多山的国家没有地震)”表述错误；根据第三段“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.(并不是所有造成大量人员伤亡的地震都是强震)”可知，强烈的地震并不总是造成最多人死亡的，D选项“Strong earthquakes often kill the most people(强烈地震经常造成大量人员伤亡)”表述错误。故选B项。 C （2024-2025学年度广东省春季高考英语模拟试题） Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone. Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eat sugar and turn it into electricity. “This is a special organism (有机体) ,” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful of sugar.” In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage. The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的) , because sugar can be taken from waste and crops. But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment. The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young,” said Lovely. “Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.” He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher’s ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in the countryside. 11．What’s the passage mainly about? A．An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B．A scientific invention of a new type of battery. C．A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D．A new kind of mobile phone and its future. 12．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the newly-developed battery? A．Convenient. B．Stable. C．Inexpensive. D．Quick. 13．Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery? A．Increase the bacteria. B．Solve the pollution problem. C．Bring down the price. D．Change the size of the battery. 14．What does the underlined sentence actually mean? A．The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy. B．Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power. C．There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery. D．The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years. 15．According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful? A．Divers. B．Farmers. C．Doctors. D．Cooks. 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文主要讲了一种新发明“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，主要讲了Swadesh Chaudhuri和Derek Lovely发明了一种新型“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable”可知，这种电池便利，便宜且稳定；通过“But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory”，可知糖电转换过程很慢。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据“it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.”可知，糖电转换过程很慢以及产生污染环境的“温室”气体，因此可推知，B选项“解决污染问题。”应是科学家们致力于提高的方面。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”可知，此处说我们现在的情况是20年或30年前太阳能的情况，太阳能技术在二三十年前也是效率不高并且弊端很多，而现在太阳能技术已经很普及了，说明这种新型电池有很大的提升空间。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，电池将用于海底的科学设备，其他的想法包括使用血液中的糖来运行人体内的医疗设备，以及从动物提取糖，为农村地区的家庭提供能源。通过选项可知，潜水员，农民和医生都会用上这种电池；而厨师有可能认为电池没那么有用。故选D。 四、完形填空 D （2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02）） One Sunday morning in June, my mother walked into my room. “Surprise!” she said, proudly holding up a yellow__1___ with black and white stripes. “I made it just for you. What do you think?” I bit my tongue. How could I tell Mum it was the___2__ dress I had ever seen? “It’s perfect for church,” mother continued happily. “I wish___3__ had made a dress like this for me.” Too bad you can’t wear it, I thought. But I knew Mum had spent a lot of time on the dress. Only the world’s most ungrateful daughter would refuse. Unwillingly I__4___ the dress. All through church I prayed, “Lord, let me get out of here___5__ anyone seeing me.” Especially Dennis Pearce, the boy I had a crush* on. He was one of the cutest boys at Neptune High School.__6___ we were in some of the same classes, Dennis had___7__ taken any notice of me. Every time I got near him, I became tongue-tied. At the end of the service, I hurried to the door. But I had to wait on the steps while my parents chatted with___8__ friends. Just a little while longer… Then out of the corner of my eye I saw the Pearce coming. Before I could___9__, Dennis was right beside me. I started talking a mile a minute, hoping if I kept it up he wouldn’t__10___ my awful dress. “I’m going to college in September,” I said. “That’s great,” Dennis replied, “I got accepted to police academy.” To be a__11___ is his dream all the time. “Wow!” I said. Somehow I kept the__12___ going. Soon we were walking to the parking lot together. We fell in love through college, and finally got married. Months after our wedding I asked Dennis__13___ he remembered the day he had first asked me out. “You bet I do”, he said. “You were always___14__ in school, almost cold-hearted. I didn’t think you’d be much fun. But you were so lively when we talked on the church steps, I wanted to get to know you__15___.” Maybe that zebra-striped yellow dress wasn’t what I would have chosen, but that day it was the perfect dress for me. 1．A．coat B．dress C．skirt D．shirt ．A．nicest B．coolest C．ugliest D．cheapest 3．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 4．A．pick up B．take off C．put on D．take up 5．A．with B．without C．during D．through 6．A．But B．However C．Because D．Although 7．A．always B．sometimes C．almost D．never 8．A．his B．her C．my D．their 9．A．escape B．run C．return D．say 10．A．see B．catch C．notice D．find 11．A．policeman B．teacher C．pilot D．soldier 12．A．words B．speech C．questions D．conversation 13．A．when B．why C．if D．how 14．A．active B．quiet C．happy D．sad 15．A．easier B．worse C．better D．less 1．B ．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文作者主要讲述了自己在高中毕业后有一次穿着母亲做的连衣裙去教堂，遇到了她喜欢的男孩，两人相谈甚欢，最后喜结连理的故事。 1．句意：“惊喜！”她自豪地举起一件黑白条纹的黄色连衣裙说道。 coat外套；dress连衣裙；skirt半裙；shirt衬衫。根据“I wish … had made a dress like this for me.”可知，妈妈给的惊喜是一条连衣裙。故选B。 2．句意：我怎么能告诉妈妈这是我见过的最丑的连衣裙？ nicest最好的；coolest最酷的；ugliest最丑的；cheapest最便宜的。“I bit my tongue. How could I tell Mum it was the … dress I had ever seen?”和“Unwillingly I … the dress.”可知，作者不喜欢这条裙子，觉得裙子丑。故选C。 3．句意：我希望有人为我做了一件这样的连衣裙。 someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everyone每人。根据“It’s perfect for church”可知，妈妈认为这条裙子非常适合去教堂，希望有人能够给她做一件。故选A。 4．句意：我不情愿地穿上了这件连衣裙。 pick up挑选；take off起飞；put on穿上；take up开始从事。根据“Only the world’s most ungrateful daughter would refuse.”可知，作者无法拒绝母亲，不情愿地穿上了连衣裙。故选C。 5．句意：上帝，让我离开这里，没有人看见我。 with和；without没有人；during在……期间；through穿过。根据“Lord, let me get out of here … anyone seeing me.”和上文内容可知，作者认为连衣裙丑，祈祷没人看到穿着这条裙子的她。故选B。 6．句意：虽然我们在同一个班级，丹尼斯从来没有注意过我。 But但是；However然而；Because应为；Although虽然。“… we were in some of the same classes, Dennis had … taken any notice of me.”可知，两句之间属于让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 7．句意：虽然我们在同一个班级，丹尼斯从来没有注意过我。 always总是；sometimes有时；almost几乎；never从不。根据“… we were in some of the same classes, Dennis had … taken any notice of me.”和“Every time I got near him, I became tongue-tied.”可知，丹尼斯应是从来没有注意过作者。故选D。 8．句意：但我不得不在台阶上等着，而我的父母却在和他们的朋友聊天。 his他的；her她的；my我的；their他们的。根据“But I had to wait on the steps while my parents chatted with … friends. ”可知，父母和他们的朋友聊天，我在台阶上等待。故选D。 9．句意：我还没来得及逃跑，丹尼斯就在我身边。 escape逃跑；run跑路；return返回；say说。根据“‘Lord, let me get out of here … anyone seeing me.’ Especially Dennis Pearce, the boy I had a crush* on.”和“Then out of the corner of my eye I saw the Pearce coming.”可知，作者看到丹尼斯来了但并不想让对方看到自己，此处指来不及逃跑。故选A。 10．句意：我开始滔滔不绝地说话，希望如果我坚持下去，他不会注意到我那件糟糕的连衣裙。 see看到；catch抓住；notice注意到；find找到。根据“hoping if I kept it up he wouldn’t … my awful dress.”和上文语境可知，作者希望丹尼斯没有注意到自己穿着丑的连衣裙。故选C。 11．句意：当警察一直是他的梦想。 policeman警察；teacher老师；pilot飞行员；soldier士兵。根据“I got accepted to police academy.”可知，丹尼斯的梦想是当警察。故选A。 12．句意：不知怎的，我一直在问这些问题。 words话；speech演讲；questions问题；conversation谈话。根据“Somehow I kept the … going. Soon we were walking to the parking lot together.”可知，作者一直和丹尼斯延续着对话并一直走到公园。故选D。 13．句意：结婚几个月后，我问丹尼斯是否记得他第一次约我出去的那一天。 when当……时候；why为什么；if是否/如果；how如何。根据“You bet I do”可知，作者问丹尼斯是否记得那一天。故选C。 14．句意：你在学校总是很安静，几乎是冷酷无情。 active活跃的；quiet安静的；happy快乐的；sad悲伤的。根据“almost cold-hearted. I didn’t think you’d be much fun.”可知，作者很安静，所以丹尼斯认为她冷酷不有趣。故选B。 15．句意：但当我们在教堂台阶上交谈时，你是如此的活泼，我想更好地了解你。 easier更容易；worse更坏；better更好；less更少。“But you were so lively when we talked on the church steps, I wanted to get to know you …”和上文内容可知，丹尼斯和作者交谈时发现作者很活泼，并希望更好地了解她。故选C。 五、语法填空 E 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。 （2023届广东省肇庆市香山中学春季高考仿真考试三 英语） So why has English changed over time? ____1____(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English ____2____ (speak) in England between about AD 100 and 1150 was different from the English spoken today. It was based more ____3____German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English ____4____(become) less like German because those ____5____ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers ____6____ (enrich) the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a ____7____ (wide) vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the ____8____ (eighteen) century some British people ____9____ (take) to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both _____10_____(country). 【答案】 1. Actually 2. spoken 3. on 4. became 5. who 6. enriched 7. wider 8. eighteenth 9. were taken 10. countries 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了为什么英语会随着时间而发生变化，介绍了英语的演变历史。 【1题详解】 考查副词。句意：事实上，所有的语言都是在不同文化相遇交流的时候发生变化和发展的。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词在句中作状语修饰后面的句子。故填Actually。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，在公元100年到1150年之间，英国人说的英语和今天说的英语有很大的不同。此处与English是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填spoken。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：它更多地是基于德语，而不是我们现在说的英语。根据句意可知，考查固定短语be based on“基于，以……为基础”。故填on。 【4题详解】 考查时态。句意：然后，大约在公元800年到1150年之间，英语逐渐变得不那么像德语了，因为统治英格兰的人先是说丹麦语，后来说法语。根据上文“between about AD 800 and 1150”可知为一般过去时。故填became。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然后，大约在公元800年到1150年之间，英语逐渐变得不那么像德语了，因为统治英格兰的人先是说丹麦语，后来说法语。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句修饰先行词those（那些人），关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【6题详解】 考查时态。句意：这些新移民丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填enriched。 【7题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：到了17世纪，莎士比亚的词汇量比以往任何时代都要大。根据空后介词than可知，此处应使用比较级。故填wider。 【8题详解】 考查数词。句意：后来在18世纪，一些英国人也被带到澳大利亚。此处表示“第十八世纪”应用序数词eighteenth。故填eighteenth。 【9题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：后来在18世纪，一些英国人也被带到澳大利亚。主语与谓语构成被动关系，事情发生在十八世纪，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为some British people，谓语用复数。故填were taken。 【10题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：两个国家都开始说英语。根据上文both可知country应用复数形式。故填countries。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读技巧与题材归类：不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式 一、记叙文阅读技巧 1. 抓住六要素：时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how) 2. 理清叙事线索：时间顺序、空间顺序、事件发展顺序 3. 分析人物特征：通过语言、动作、心理描写分析人物性格 4. 理解环境描写：社会环境描写和自然环境描写的作用 5. 把握情节发展：开端(beginning)、发展(development)、高潮(climax)、结局(ending) 6. 体会作者情感：通过细节描写体会作者态度和情感倾向 7. 注意修辞手法：比喻(simile)、拟人(personification)、排比(parallelism)等 8. 理解文章主旨：通过整体阅读把握文章中心思想 重要短语： plot development 情节发展 character analysis 人物分析 main idea 主旨 in the end 最后 turn out 结果是 常见设问方式： 1. What is the main idea of the story? 2. What can we learn from the passage? 3. How did the character feel when...? 4. What happened in the end? 5. Why did the character do...? 6. What is the relationship between...? 7. Where did the story take place? 8. What would probably happen next? 二、说明文阅读技巧 1. 抓住说明对象：明确文章说明的事物或事理 2. 理清说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序 3. 掌握说明方法：举例子(exemplification)、列数字(statistics)、作比较(comparison)、分类别(classification) 4. 理解文章结构：总分式、并列式、递进式等结构特点 5. 把握事物特征：通过关键词语把握说明对象的特征 6. 注意语言特点：准确、严谨、客观的语言风格 7. 分析段落关系：段落之间的逻辑联系 8. 理解专业术语：结合上下文理解专业词汇的含义 重要短语： for example 例如 such as 比如 in other words 换句话说 that is to say 也就是说 according to 根据 常见设问方式： 1. What is the purpose of the passage? 2. What is the main feature of...? 3. How does the author explain...? 4. What is the correct order of...? 5. What method does the author use to...? 6. What does the underlined word mean? 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? 8. What is the best title for the passage? 三、议论文阅读技巧 1. 找出中心论点：明确作者的观点和主张 2. 识别论据类型：事实论据、数据论据、理论论据 3. 分析论证方法：举例论证、对比论证、因果论证 4. 理解论证结构：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题 5. 把握作者态度：支持(support)、反对(oppose)、中立(neutral) 6. 识别连接词语：表示因果、转折、递进等关系的词语 7. 分析段落功能：引言段、正文段、结论段的作用 8. 评估论证效果：论据是否充分，论证是否合理 重要短语： in my opinion 在我看来 from my perspective 从我的角度来看 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 in conclusion 总之 常见设问方式： 1. What is the author's main argument? 2. What evidence does the author provide? 3. What is the author's attitude towards...? 4. With which statement would the author agree? 5. What is the purpose of the...paragraph? 6. How does the author support his argument? 7. What conclusion can we draw from the passage? 8. What might be the best title for the passage? 四、实用文体阅读技巧 1. 应用文：注意格式特征和实用目的 2. 新闻报道：抓住5W1H要素 3. 广告宣传：识别宣传目的和说服技巧 4. 科技文章：理解专业术语和科学概念 5. 图表数据：分析数据趋势和相互关系 6. 说明书：注意操作步骤和使用注意事项 7. 书信邮件：理解写信目的和情感态度 8. 公告通知：抓住关键信息和具体要求 重要短语： due to 由于 as a result 结果 in addition 另外 for instance 例如 in summary 总之 常见设问方式： 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? 2. Who is the intended audience? 3. What should you do if...? 4. What information can you get from the chart? 5. What is the deadline for...? 6. How can you contact...? 7. What is the advantage of...? 8. Where would you probably see this passage? 五、阅读解题核心技巧 1. 快速浏览(skimming)：快速阅读获取大意 2. 扫读(scanning)：寻找特定信息 3. 猜测词义(guessing meaning)：通过上下文猜测生词 4. 理解指代(understanding reference)：弄清代词所指内容 5. 推理判断(making inferences)：根据已知信息进行推理 6. 理解隐含意思(understanding implied meaning)：理解言外之意 7. 识别写作目的(identifying purpose)：识别作者的写作意图 8. 评价文章(evaluating the passage)：评价文章的可信度和价值 重要句式： The passage mainly discusses... 文章主要讨论... The author's attitude is... 作者的态度是... It can be inferred that... 可以推断出... The word "..." probably means... "..."这个词可能意思是... The purpose of the passage is to... 文章的目的是.. . 一、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1. The novel is said ________ (translate) into more than 20 languages. 2. Not only ________ (be) he a great scientist, but he was also a talented musician. 3. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, the sports meet will be postponed. 4. The problem requires ________ (deal) with immediately. 5. It is essential that the plan ________ (carry) out smoothly. 6. By the time he retires, he ________ (work) for this company for 40 years. 7. The boy was last seen ________ (play) near the river. 8. So difficult ________ the exam that many students failed. 9. I'd rather you ________ (not tell) him the news yesterday. 10. The building ________ (construct) now will be a new library. 11. Hardly ________ he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 12. It's no use ________ (cry) over spilt milk. 13. The number of students in this school ________ (be) increasing steadily. 14. Were I in your position, I ________ (accept) the offer. 15. The book is well worth ________ (read) a second time. 16. No sooner ________ the announcement ________ (make) than protests began. 17. He objected to ________ (treat) like a child. 18. It is the first time that I ________ (visit) this city. 19. Only by practicing constantly ________ you improve your English. 20. I feel like ________ (go) for a walk after dinner. 二、选择题 1. ________ the project in time, we worked day and night. A. Finishing B. To finish C. Finished D. Finish 【答案】B 2. If he ________ my advice, he wouldn't be in trouble now. A. took B. has taken C. had taken D. takes 3. Not until midnight ________ working. A. did he stop B. he stopped C. stopped he D. he did stop 4. The house wants ________, but we can't afford it at present. A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. being repaired 5. It is required that every student ________ the safety rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. has obeyed 6. By next year, she ________ here for five years. A. will work B. will have worked C. has worked D. works 7. So excited ________ that he couldn't fall asleep. A. was he B. he was C. did he D. he did 8. I remember ________ him at the party last night. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. saw 9. Had you arrived earlier, you ________ the famous scientist. A. would meet B. would have met C. met D. had met 10. Never ________ such a beautiful sunset before. A. I have seen B. have I seen C. I saw D. did I see 11. The teacher doesn't permit ________ in the classroom. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked 12. It's time we ________ to bed. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone 13. Only when you have tried it yourself ________ how difficult it is. A. you will know B. will you know C. you know D. do you know 14. The film is worth ________ twice. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. seen 15. If it ________ for your help, I wouldn't have succeeded. A. was not B. were not C. had not been D. has not been 16. Little ________ about his own safety at that time. A. does he care B. he cared C. did he care D. he cares 17. I suggest that we ________ a meeting to discuss the problem. A. hold B. held C. will hold D. have held 18. The question is too difficult ________. A. to answer B. answering C. answered D. to be answered 19. Not a single word ________ when he heard the bad news. A. did he say B. he said C. said he D. does he say 20. He is considering ________ a new car. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. bought 三、阅读理解 A （2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02）） The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 1．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 3．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 4．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 5．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju B （2026年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01）） Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most-talked-about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. 140,000 people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming, and people cannot prepare for them beforehand. 6．How many people died in the earthquake in Portugal? A．About 2,000. B．Around 90,000. C．Over 830,000. D．Above 700. 7．Which was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．Portugal, 1755. B．Japan, 1923. C．China, 1056. D．America, 1906. 8．What does the underlined word “beforehand” in the last paragraph mean? A．For sure. B．With care. C．By hand. D．In advance. 9．People often worry about the earthquakes because________. A．we often do not know when the earthquakes are coming B．people cannot prepare for them beforehand. C．both A and B D．strong earthquakes often kill the most people. 10．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? A．Earthquakes are not likely to cause big fires. B．Earthquakes often hit people unexpectedly. C．Mountainous countries have no earthquakes. D．Strong earthquakes often kill the most people. C （2024-2025学年度广东省春季高考英语模拟试题） Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone. Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eat sugar and turn it into electricity. “This is a special organism (有机体) ,” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful of sugar.” In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage. The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的) , because sugar can be taken from waste and crops. But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment. The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young,” said Lovely. “Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.” He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher’s ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in the countryside. 11．What’s the passage mainly about? A．An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B．A scientific invention of a new type of battery. C．A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D．A new kind of mobile phone and its future. 12．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the newly-developed battery? A．Convenient. B．Stable. C．Inexpensive. D．Quick. 13．Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery? A．Increase the bacteria. B．Solve the pollution problem. C．Bring down the price. D．Change the size of the battery. 14．What does the underlined sentence actually mean? A．The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy. B．Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power. C．There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery. D．The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years. 15．According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful? A．Divers. B．Farmers. C．Doctors. D．Cooks. 四、完形填空 D （2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02）） One Sunday morning in June, my mother walked into my room. “Surprise!” she said, proudly holding up a yellow__1___ with black and white stripes. “I made it just for you. What do you think?” I bit my tongue. How could I tell Mum it was the___2__ dress I had ever seen? “It’s perfect for church,” mother continued happily. “I wish___3__ had made a dress like this for me.” Too bad you can’t wear it, I thought. But I knew Mum had spent a lot of time on the dress. Only the world’s most ungrateful daughter would refuse. Unwillingly I__4___ the dress. All through church I prayed, “Lord, let me get out of here___5__ anyone seeing me.” Especially Dennis Pearce, the boy I had a crush* on. He was one of the cutest boys at Neptune High School.__6___ we were in some of the same classes, Dennis had___7__ taken any notice of me. Every time I got near him, I became tongue-tied. At the end of the service, I hurried to the door. But I had to wait on the steps while my parents chatted with___8__ friends. Just a little while longer… Then out of the corner of my eye I saw the Pearce coming. Before I could___9__, Dennis was right beside me. I started talking a mile a minute, hoping if I kept it up he wouldn’t__10___ my awful dress. “I’m going to college in September,” I said. “That’s great,” Dennis replied, “I got accepted to police academy.” To be a__11___ is his dream all the time. “Wow!” I said. Somehow I kept the__12___ going. Soon we were walking to the parking lot together. We fell in love through college, and finally got married. Months after our wedding I asked Dennis__13___ he remembered the day he had first asked me out. “You bet I do”, he said. “You were always___14__ in school, almost cold-hearted. I didn’t think you’d be much fun. But you were so lively when we talked on the church steps, I wanted to get to know you__15___.” Maybe that zebra-striped yellow dress wasn’t what I would have chosen, but that day it was the perfect dress for me. 1．A．coat B．dress C．skirt D．shirt ．A．nicest B．coolest C．ugliest D．cheapest 3．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 4．A．pick up B．take off C．put on D．take up 5．A．with B．without C．during D．through 6．A．But B．However C．Because D．Although 7．A．always B．sometimes C．almost D．never 8．A．his B．her C．my D．their 9．A．escape B．run C．return D．say 10．A．see B．catch C．notice D．find 11．A．policeman B．teacher C．pilot D．soldier 12．A．words B．speech C．questions D．conversation 13．A．when B．why C．if D．how 14．A．active B．quiet C．happy D．sad 15．A．easier B．worse C．better D．less 五、语法填空 E 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。 （2023届广东省肇庆市香山中学春季高考仿真考试三 英语） So why has English changed over time? ____1____(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English ____2____ (speak) in England between about AD 100 and 1150 was different from the English spoken today. It was based more ____3____German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English ____4____(become) less like German because those ____5____ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers ____6____ (enrich) the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a ____7____ (wide) vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the ____8____ (eighteen) century some British people ____9____ (take) to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both _____10_____(country). / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $