专题06 名词性从句（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，广东专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题06 名词性从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 名词性从句： · 从句分类：要求考生掌握名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如，“What he said is true.”是主语从句；“I know that he is honest.”是宾语从句；“The fact is that he lied.”是表语从句；“The news that we won the game is exciting.”是同位语从句。 引导词用法： · that：无实际意义，在宾语从句中可省略，在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中不可省略。如：“He said (that) he would come.”（宾语从句，that可省略）；“That he is a good student is known to us all.”（主语从句，that不可省略）。 · whether/if：表“是否”，在宾语从句中可互换（但if不能位于句首，也不能作介词宾语），在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether。如：“I don’t know whether/if he will come.”（宾语从句，可互换）；“Whether he will come is still a question.”（主语从句，只能用whether）。 · what, which, who, whom, whose：在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语等），有实际意义。如：“What you need is more practice.”（what作need的宾语）；“Who will go there hasn’t been decided.”（who作主语）；“Whose book this is is not clear.”（whose作定语）。 · when, where, why, how：在从句中作状语，表时间、地点、原因、方式。如：“I wonder when he will arrive.”（when作时间状语）；“That’s where we disagree.”（where作地点状语）；“The reason is why he was late.”（why作原因状语）；“Please tell me how you did it.”（how作方式状语）。 语序与时态： · 语序：名词性从句要用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。如：“I don’t know what is he doing.”（错误）；“I don’t know what he is doing.”（正确）。 · 时态：主句为现在时或将来时，从句时态根据实际情况而定；主句为过去时，从句一般用过去的某种时态（客观真理、事实除外）。如：“He says that he is reading.”（主句现在时，从句现在进行时）；“He said that he was reading.”（主句过去时，从句过去进行时）；“He said that the earth goes around the sun.”（从句表客观真理，用一般现在时）。 考点一：名词性从句的分类 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 从句分类 分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 主语从句：What he did made us happy. 宾语从句：I know that she is honest. 表语从句：The fact is that he lied. 同位语从句：The news that we won is exciting. 考点二：引导词的用法 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 引导词用法 that：无实义，宾语从句中可省略，主、表、同位语从句中不可省略。whether/if：表 “是否”，宾语从句中可互换（if 不可放句首、不作介词宾语），主、表、同位语从句中只用whether。what/which/who/whom/whose：在从句中作成分（主、宾、表、定语），有实义。when/where/why/how：在从句中作状语，表时间、地点、原因、方式。 That he is here is true. I wonder whether/if he will come. What you need is practice .I don’t know when he will arrive. 考点三：名词性从句的语序 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 语序 用陈述句语序，即 “引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 错误：I don’t know what is he doing.正确：I don’t know what he is doing. 考点四：名词性从句的时态 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 时态 主句为现在 / 将来时，从句时态依实际情况；主句为过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（客观真理除外）。 主句现在时：He says that he is reading. 主句过去时：He said that he was reading. 客观真理：He said that the earth goes around the sun. 练 考点一：名词性从句的分类 1. ______ (we will hold the sports meeting next week) depends on the weather. 2. My mother asked me ______ (I had finished my homework). 3. The biggest problem is ______ (we can get enough money for the project). 4. We all cheered up at the news ______ (our class won the speech contest). 1. ______ he told us at the meeting made everyone excited. A. What B. That C. Which D. Where 2. I don’t remember ______ I put my keys yesterday. A. how B. when C. where D. why 3. The park is ______ we used to play together when we were kids. A. that B. where C. which D. what 4. The fact ______ he is good at math helps him get the job. A. which B. that C. what D. why 考点二：引导词的用法 1. Could you tell me ______ (the train will arrive)？I need to pick up my friend. 2. ______ (team will win the match) is hard to predict. Both are very strong. 3. The teacher explained ______ (we should solve the math problem). 4. I’m not sure ______ (I should choose this book or that one). 1. I wonder ______ the museum is open on Sundays. A. that B. if C. what D. which 2. ______ broke the window is still unknown. Let’s find it out. A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. Which 3. The question is ______ we can get there on time. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 4. Do you know ______ dictionary this is? It looks new. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 考点三：名词性从句的语序 1. Could you tell me ______ (is the nearest hospital)? I need to see a doctor. 2. ______ (will he come to the party) is not important to me. 3. She asked me ______ (did I finish my homework). 4. The problem is ______ (can we solve it in an hour). 1. I don’t know ______. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he lives where D. does he live where 2. ______ is true. A. What he said B. What did he say C. He said what D. Did he say what 3. The teacher asked ______. A. what is wrong with Tom B. what wrong is with Tom C. what was wrong with Tom D. what wrong was with Tom 4. The question is ______. A. how can we improve our English B. how we can improve our English C. we can improve our English how D. can we improve our English how 考点四：名词性从句的时态 1. He says that he ______ (visit) his grandparents next weekend. 2. My father told me that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. 3. She asked if we ______ (have) the exam the next day. 4. I know that they ______ (work) on the project since last month. 1. He said he ______ to the Great Wall before. A. has been B. had been C. will be D. was 2. Our teacher tells us that light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. will travel 3. I wonder if they ______ the meeting this afternoon. A. attend B. attended C. will attend D. have attended 4. She told me that she ______ her homework when I called her. A. was doing B. is doing C. does D. did 一、单项选择 1. ______ will take charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet. A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. Which 2. I really want to know ______ the famous singer will come to our city. A. that B. if C. what D. how many 3. The small town is ______ my parents met for the first time. A. where B. that C. which D. what 4. We were excited at the news ______ our school won the provincial competition. A. which B. that C. what D. why 5. ______ you said at the meeting yesterday made a lot of sense. A. What B. That C. Where D. When 6. Could you please tell me ______ the nearest supermarket is? A. when B. where C. that D. whose 7. The question is ______ we can get enough supplies before the storm comes. A. if B. whether C. what D. how 8. Do you know ______ book this is? It has a signature on the first page. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 9. He told us that he ______ to the West Lake twice in his life. A. has been B. had been C. will be D. was 10. I wonder ______ we should start early tomorrow or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 二、单句语法填空 11. ______ (the meeting will be put off) is still under discussion. 12. My teacher asked me ______ (I had read the novel before). 13. The fact is ______ (our team has entered the final round). 14. We have no idea ______ (the plane will land on time). 15. ______ (she bought for her mother) is a beautiful scarf. 16. Could you tell me ______ (the train station is far from here)? 17. The scientist said that the earth ______ (rotate) around its axis. 18. I’m not sure ______ (I should buy this laptop or the tablet). 19. The reason why she cried is ______ (she lost her favorite toy). 20. He said that he ______ (prepare) for the exam the whole weekend. 一、阅读理解 A （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷B）In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （Al） has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we’re actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling? Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite. What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans? Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people". Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They’re humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react. Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）. "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO. Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says. Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "‘Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals." 21. According to Para. 2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ24s "digital humans" resemble human beings? A. In the way they move around. B. In the way they act and react. C. In observation and analysis. D. In speech and facial expressions. 22. Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it . A. leams to make proper emotional responses B. tends to imitate human beings’ tone vividly C. recognizes the speech sounds it receives D. processes the natural language it hears 23. In Mohan’s opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings? A. Calculating brain. B. Language skills. C. Instinctive judgements. D. Problem-solving ability. 24. What makes many sectors employ digital humans? A. The fear of falling behind in efficiency. B. The urgency to promote e-commerce. C. The wish to spread digital technology. D. The need to upgrade the health care system. 25. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings? A. It’s well planned. B. It is promising. C. It is uncertain. D. It’s quite hopeless. B （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷B）China landed a spacecraft on Mars for the first time last Saturday. This makes China the first country to make a successful landing on Mars on its first mission to Mars. China’s Zhurong rover （探测车），named after a traditional Chinese fire god, has touched down on the martian surface, the China National Space Administration confirmed on the morning of Saturday, May 15, The rover is part of the Tian wen-1 mission, which consists of an orbiter, a probe, and a lander. The mission was launched in summer last year, and took seven months to complete its journey to the red planet. It arrived at Mars in February this year, and since then the spacecraft has been performing operations such as capturing images of Mars. Believe it or not, traveling to Mars is actually the easy part of such a mission. The truly hard part is landing on the planet’s surface, as landers must contend with factors like the planet’s thin atmosphere, its variable dust storms, and a communication delay between Mars and Earth. This delay makes it impossible for people in mission control on Earth to control a craft in real time as it approaches the planet, so the landing must be performed autonomously. To slow its speed as the lander approached the surface, it used both a parachute （降落伞）and a retrorocket (减速火箭）in its own "seven minutes of terror" as it moved through the atmosphere. It then landed in the Utopia Planitia area, a large impact basin, part of which was exploded by NASA’s Viking 2 lander in the 1970s. According to China’s slate news agency Xinhua, President Xi Jinping said he was sending "warm congratulations and sincere greetings to all members who have participated in the Mars exploration mission.’ The rover will now begin its three- month mission to explore the Utopia Planitia area, where it will be searching for surface and subsurface ice. The mission will involve both the rover and the orbiter working in concert to create a map of water ice, with the orbiter focusing on the planet’s polar regions. 26. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Tianwen-1 mission includes four space missions. B. Zhurong was known as a great astronomer in ancient China. C. The spacecraft has carried out a series of experiments in advance. D. China achieved success in landing on Mars creating a new record. 27. What should be carefully considered on landing on Mars? a. Mars’s atmosphere. b. Mars’s bad weather c. The landing instructions. d. The communication delay. A. abc B. bed C. abd D. abcd 28. What does the author imply in Paragraph 4? A. The landing way is quite different. B. The landing process is full of danger. C. The landing site is unknown to NASA. D. The landing time is calculate precisely. 29. Which of the following missions will be launched in three months? A. The analysis of ice samples. B. The mapping of the Mars’s polar regions. C. The exploration of the Utopia Planitia area. D. The collection of surface and subsurface ice. 30. Which column does the passage come from? A. Space B. Fiction C. Medical D. Nature C （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷C）Researchers at Georgia Tech have been working to improve a musical robot called Shimon. Shimon is a four-armed robot with a ball-like head. He holds small mallets (tools like hammers) in his “hands” to play a kind of xylophone (木琴). As Shimon plays, his head moves around in time to the music. Shimon has been around for quite a while as a musical robot. Even back in 2015, he played with other musicians at the Kennedy Center in New York. What Shimon could do back then was already pretty cool. Shimon was taught to write his own music by using “deep learning”. Deep learning, also known as Artificial Intelligence (AI), means that computer programs sort deeply through huge amounts of information. This allows them to find patterns humans may not have noticed. The programs can then use those patterns in new and surprising ways. For Shimon, that meant he could not only make up his own music, but also do it in real time while playing with other musicians. This is called “improvising”. Now Shimon is back with a whole bunch of new tricks. He can write the words to his own songs, and sing them. Shimon learned to write the words for the songs in the same way he learned to write music. Professor Gil Weinberg in Georgia Tech, who leads the Shimon project, gets Shimon going with a starting idea. Shimon then writes the lyrics based around that idea. To give Shimon a voice, the Georgia Tech team worked with experts at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain. The voice was created by AI and sounds like a man very much. Shimon’s face has also gotten new features. Shimon’s mouth now moves smoothly in time as he sings. He also has eyebrows, which allow his face to show more emotions. For Mr. Weinberg, that’s the main goal behind the Shimon project — not to have robots take over, but to have robots and humans make something beautiful together. 31. What do we know about Shimon? A. He is no stranger to the music field. B. He has trouble recognizing different tunes. C. He can play different kinds of musical instruments. D. He often gives performances on international stages. 32. By mentioning “improvising”, the author wants to show that Shimon can ________. A. make up his own music B. improve the music he created C. sort out different music patterns D. create music without any preparation 33. What’s a necessity for Shimon to learn to write the words for the songs? A. Listening to much live music. B. Being fed with a lot of examples. C. Being instructed by a musician face to face. D. Cooperating with other musicians many times. 34. Why did the Georgia lech team work with experts from Pompeu Fabra University? A. To enable Shimon to sing songs. B. To give Shimon rich facial expressions. C. To allow Shimon to show his opinions. D. To let Shimon learn to express emotions. 35. What would be the best title for the text? A. Musical Robots in the Music Field B. The Making of a Great Musician C. Shimon: An All-round Musical Robot D. The Role of AI in the Music Development D （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷(一)英语）The art of Chinese knotting, or Zhongguo Jie, has a long history in China. It is a unique form of traditional Chinese handicraft (手工艺). ____36____ These knots were used to record events and information in ancient times. As time went by, Chinese knotting developed into a decorative art. The materials for making Chinese knots are usually colorful silk threads. ____37____ They can be made into different shapes like butterflies, flowers, and lucky symbols. Each knot has its own special meaning. For example, a double-coin knot represents wealth. ____38____ First, the crafter chooses the right silk threads according to the design. Then, different knotting techniques are used to create the basic shapes. Finally, the crafter combines these shapes to form a complete Chinese knot. In the past, Chinese knots were often given as gifts during festivals. ____39____ Today, they are not only popular in China but also loved by people around the world. They can be seen in many places, such as homes, shops, and art galleries. ____40____ Many schools and communities hold Chinese knotting classes to teach this traditional art to young people. In this way, more people can learn about Chinese knotting and help keep this cultural heritage alive. A. Making a Chinese knot involves several steps. B. In ancient times, people made simple knots with ropes. C. People believe that they can bring good luck and happiness. D. These threads are easy to shape and can be knotted in different ways. E. Chinese knotting has become a symbol of Chinese traditional culture. 二、完形填空 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）It had been a long business trip. We bad already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we 41 boarded the plane on schedule. The flight attendants shut the door, 42 the passengers, and soon after, I heard the sound of the engines firing, which seemed quite 43 to me. It is common in Atlanta that we had to wait a bit on, the 44 for our turn. And then finally we started moving slowly. 45 , when we did so for about 10 minutes, suddenly the plane stopped. An announcement came that we’d have a delay, and we’d be in a holding pattern for a little while. That “little while” 46 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were 47 in the small plane with almost no air conditioning. It seemed like a(n) 48 ! So when the plane took off in the end, all the passengers couldn’t help; cheering, Waiting’ is not something that comes .easily to mer. I’m more like the sports car with the engine 49 waiting at the crossing. The moment the traffic light turns greens, I will rush out urgently. But now, as I’ve reached my advanced age, I’ve 50 something: When I have to stay in a “holding pattern”, it will be wise to accept that with 51 and a good attitude. Sometimes those “holding patterns” are for my 52 . They teach me something connect with someone, or make me wait until things are 53 . Sometimes those “holding patterns” seem very long and 54 just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK. I should know what I can do is just have 55 with the difficult time. 41. A. actually B. eventually C. instantly D. deliberately 42. A. settled B. comforted C. lined D. investigated 43. A. disgusting B. sharp C. certain D. beautiful 44. A. runway B. platform C. pavement D. road 45. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Instead D. However 46. A. turned into B. made up C. ran out of D. led to 47. A. limited B. trapped C. expected D. forbidden 48. A. dream B. failure C. disaster D. adventure 49. A. breaking down B. running C. losing control D. dying 50. A. confirmed B. deserved C. experienced D. realized 51. A. gratitude B. pain C. sympathy D. awe 52. A. taste B. right C. benefit D. excitement 53. A. in a mess B. in store C. in place D. in common 54. A. unbearable B. frightening C. discouraging D. strange 55. A. courage B. confidence C. patience D. curiosity 三、语法填空 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷（二））Cara was nervous before the race. For several weeks, she had been training every day to prepare for it.   56 (final) the race day came. 57 she arrived, her coach was already on the track. Cara started her warm-up exercise under the guidance of the coach. This was helpful to keep 58 (she) from getting hurt.   Cara’s friends got there 59 (early) than her. They let her know that they were there 60 (cheer) for her. They all wished her good luck. It was time for the race. All the runners 61 (call) to line up on the tracks. 62 (hear) the signal gun, Cara jump-started from the ground. She began to run as hard as she could.   Running past the stands, she heard the voices of her friends cheering her name. Cara kept her energy and continued to keep a good speed. When she rounded the track 63 the last time, she and another runner were neck for 64 finish line. As the end approached, Cara had put all her effort into those last few 65 (foot). She won the race narrowly. Cara was so happy. 四、应用文写作 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）假定你是李华，你校组织的“英语交流到山区”活动将于下周一举行。你是志愿者，但因生病不能参加，请你用英语给组织者Mr. George写一封道歉信，内容包括： 1.表达歉意； 2.解释原因； 3.已将志愿工作安排他人完成。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. George, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 名词性从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 名词性从句： · 从句分类：要求考生掌握名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如，“What he said is true.”是主语从句；“I know that he is honest.”是宾语从句；“The fact is that he lied.”是表语从句；“The news that we won the game is exciting.”是同位语从句。 引导词用法： · that：无实际意义，在宾语从句中可省略，在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中不可省略。如：“He said (that) he would come.”（宾语从句，that可省略）；“That he is a good student is known to us all.”（主语从句，that不可省略）。 · whether/if：表“是否”，在宾语从句中可互换（但if不能位于句首，也不能作介词宾语），在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether。如：“I don’t know whether/if he will come.”（宾语从句，可互换）；“Whether he will come is still a question.”（主语从句，只能用whether）。 · what, which, who, whom, whose：在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语等），有实际意义。如：“What you need is more practice.”（what作need的宾语）；“Who will go there hasn’t been decided.”（who作主语）；“Whose book this is is not clear.”（whose作定语）。 · when, where, why, how：在从句中作状语，表时间、地点、原因、方式。如：“I wonder when he will arrive.”（when作时间状语）；“That’s where we disagree.”（where作地点状语）；“The reason is why he was late.”（why作原因状语）；“Please tell me how you did it.”（how作方式状语）。 语序与时态： · 语序：名词性从句要用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。如：“I don’t know what is he doing.”（错误）；“I don’t know what he is doing.”（正确）。 · 时态：主句为现在时或将来时，从句时态根据实际情况而定；主句为过去时，从句一般用过去的某种时态（客观真理、事实除外）。如：“He says that he is reading.”（主句现在时，从句现在进行时）；“He said that he was reading.”（主句过去时，从句过去进行时）；“He said that the earth goes around the sun.”（从句表客观真理，用一般现在时）。 考点一：名词性从句的分类 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 从句分类 分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 主语从句：What he did made us happy. 宾语从句：I know that she is honest. 表语从句：The fact is that he lied. 同位语从句：The news that we won is exciting. 考点二：引导词的用法 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 引导词用法 that：无实义，宾语从句中可省略，主、表、同位语从句中不可省略。whether/if：表 “是否”，宾语从句中可互换（if 不可放句首、不作介词宾语），主、表、同位语从句中只用whether。what/which/who/whom/whose：在从句中作成分（主、宾、表、定语），有实义。when/where/why/how：在从句中作状语，表时间、地点、原因、方式。 That he is here is true. I wonder whether/if he will come. What you need is practice .I don’t know when he will arrive. 考点三：名词性从句的语序 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 语序 用陈述句语序，即 “引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 错误：I don’t know what is he doing.正确：I don’t know what he is doing. 考点四：名词性从句的时态 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 名词性从句 时态 主句为现在 / 将来时，从句时态依实际情况；主句为过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（客观真理除外）。 主句现在时：He says that he is reading. 主句过去时：He said that he was reading. 客观真理：He said that the earth goes around the sun. 练 考点一：名词性从句的分类 1. ______ (we will hold the sports meeting next week) depends on the weather. 【答案】Whether we will hold the sports meeting next week 【详解】考查主语从句。句意为“我们下周是否举办运动会取决于天气”。此处为句子作主语，表“是否”用“whether”引导，从句用陈述句语序，故填“Whether we will hold the sports meeting next week”。 2. My mother asked me ______ (I had finished my homework). 【答案】if I had finished my homework 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为“妈妈问我是否完成了作业”。此处为句子作动词“asked”的宾语，表“是否”可用“if”，从句用陈述句语序且主句为过去时，从句用过去完成时，故填“if I had finished my homework”。 3. The biggest problem is ______ (we can get enough money for the project). 【答案】that we can get enough money for the project 【详解】考查表语从句。句意为“最大的问题是我们能否为这个项目拿到足够的钱”。此处为句子作系动词“is”的表语，从句不缺成分，用“that”引导，故填“that we can get enough money for the project”。 4. We all cheered up at the news ______ (our class won the speech contest). 【答案】that our class won the speech contest 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意为“听到我们班赢得演讲比赛的消息，我们都欢呼起来”。此处为句子解释“news”的具体内容，从句不缺成分，用“that”引导，故填“that our class won the speech contest”。 时态影响，用一般现在时，主语“the earth”是单数，故填“goes”。 1. ______ he told us at the meeting made everyone excited. A. What B. That C. Which D. Where 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意为“他在会议上告诉我们的事情让所有人都很兴奋”。从句中缺少“told”的宾语，用“what”引导主语从句，故选A。 2. I don’t remember ______ I put my keys yesterday. A. how B. when C. where D. why 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为“我不记得昨天把钥匙放在哪里了”。从句中缺地点状语，用“where”引导宾语从句，故选C。 3. The park is ______ we used to play together when we were kids. A. that B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。句意为“这个公园是我们小时候一起玩的地方”。从句中缺地点状语，用“where”引导表语从句，故选B。 4. The fact ______ he is good at math helps him get the job. A. which B. that C. what D. why 【答案】B 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意为“他擅长数学这个事实帮他得到了这份工作”。从句解释“fact”的内容，不缺成分，用“that”引导同位语从句，故选B。 考点二：引导词的用法 1. Could you tell me ______ (the train will arrive)？I need to pick up my friend. 【答案】when the train will arrive 【详解】考查引导词“when”的用法。句意为“你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗？我需要去接朋友”。从句中缺时间状语，用“when”引导宾语从句，且用陈述句语序，故填“when the train will arrive”。 2. ______ (team will win the match) is hard to predict. Both are very strong. 【答案】Which team will win the match 【详解】考查引导词“which”的用法。句意为“哪个队会赢得比赛很难预测，两队都很强”。从句中缺定语修饰“team”，表“哪一个”用“which”引导主语从句，故填“Which team will win the match”。 3. The teacher explained ______ (we should solve the math problem). 【答案】how we should solve the math problem 【详解】考查引导词“how”的用法。句意为“老师解释了我们应该如何解这道数学题”。从句中缺方式状语，用“how”引导宾语从句，故填“how we should solve the math problem”。 4. I’m not sure ______ (I should choose this book or that one). 【答案】whether I should choose this book or that one 【详解】考查引导词“whether”的用法。句意为“我不确定该选这本书还是那本书”。表“是否”且与“or not”隐含搭配时，用“whether”引导宾语从句，故填“whether I should choose this book or that one”。 1. I wonder ______ the museum is open on Sundays. A. that B. if C. what D. which 【答案】B 【详解】考查引导词“if”的用法。句意为“我想知道博物馆周日是否开放”。从句表“是否”，且为宾语从句，用“if”引导，故选B。 2. ______ broke the window is still unknown. Let’s find it out. A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. Which 【答案】A 【详解】考查引导词“who”的用法。句意为“谁打破了窗户还不知道，我们去查明吧”。从句中缺主语，指人用“who”引导主语从句，故选A。 3. The question is ______ we can get there on time. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 【答案】C 【详解】考查引导词“whether”的用法。句意为“问题是我们能否按时到那里”。表语从句中表“是否”只能用“whether”，不能用“if”，故选C。 4. Do you know ______ dictionary this is? It looks new. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】C 【详解】考查引导词“whose”的用法。句意为“你知道这是谁的字典吗？看起来很新”。从句中缺定语修饰“dictionary”，表“谁的”用“whose”引导宾语从句，故选C。 考点三：名词性从句的语序 1. Could you tell me ______ (is the nearest hospital)? I need to see a doctor. 【答案】where the nearest hospital is 【详解】考查名词性从句的语序。句意为“你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗？我需要看医生”。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（引导词+主语+谓语），原句“is the nearest hospital”是疑问句语序，应调整为“where the nearest hospital is”，故填“where the nearest hospital is”。 2. ______ (will he come to the party) is not important to me. 【答案】Whether he will come to the party 【详解】考查名词性从句的语序。句意为“他是否来派对对我来说不重要”。主语从句需用陈述句语序，原句“will he come”是疑问句语序，应调整为“Whether he will come to the party”，故填“Whether he will come to the party”。 3. She asked me ______ (did I finish my homework). 【答案】if I had finished my homework 【详解】考查名词性从句的语序。句意为“她问我是否完成了作业”。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，原句“did I finish”是疑问句语序，且主句为过去时，从句用过去完成时，调整为“if I had finished my homework”，故填“if I had finished my homework”。 4. The problem is ______ (can we solve it in an hour). 【答案】whether we can solve it in an hour 【详解】考查名词性从句的语序。句意为“问题是我们能否在一小时内解决它”。表语从句需用陈述句语序，原句“can we solve”是疑问句语序，表“是否”用“whether”，调整为“whether we can solve it in an hour”，故填“whether we can solve it in an hour”。 1. I don’t know ______. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he lives where D. does he live where 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意为“我不知道他住在哪里”。宾语从句需用“引导词+主语+谓语”的陈述句语序，只有B选项符合，故选B。 2. ______ is true. A. What he said B. What did he say C. He said what D. Did he say what 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句的语序。句意为“他说的话是真的”。主语从句需用陈述句语序，“what”引导从句作主语，结构为“what+主语+谓语”，故选A。 3. The teacher asked ______. A. what is wrong with Tom B. what wrong is with Tom C. what was wrong with Tom D. what wrong was with Tom 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句的语序和时态。句意为“老师问汤姆怎么了”。“what is wrong”本身是陈述句语序，主句为过去时，从句用过去时，故“is”变为“was”，选C。 4. The question is ______. A. how can we improve our English B. how we can improve our English C. we can improve our English how D. can we improve our English how 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句的语序。句意为“问题是我们如何提高英语”。表语从句需用陈述句语序，“how”引导从句，结构为“how+主语+谓语”，故选B。 考点四：名词性从句的时态 1. He says that he ______ (visit) his grandparents next weekend. 【答案】will visit 【详解】考查名词性从句的时态。句意为“他说他下周末要去看望祖父母”。主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际时间“next weekend”用一般将来时，故填“will visit”。 2. My father told me that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. 【答案】goes 【详解】考查名词性从句的时态。句意为“爸爸告诉我地球绕着太阳转”。从句表客观真理，即使主句为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时，主语“the earth”是单数，故填“goes”。 3. She asked if we ______ (have) the exam the next day. 【答案】would have 【详解】考查名词性从句的时态。句意为“她问我们第二天是否考试”。主句为一般过去时，从句时间“the next day”表过去的将来，用过去将来时“would+动词原形”，故填“would have”。 4. I know that they ______ (work) on the project since last month. 【答案】have worked 【详解】考查名词性从句的时态。句意为“我知道他们从上个月开始就在做这个项目了”。主句为一般现在时，从句时间“since last month”表动作持续到现在，用现在完成时，故填“have worked”。 1. He said he ______ to the Great Wall before. A. has been B. had been C. will be D. was 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意为“他说他以前去过长城”。主句为一般过去时，从句动作“去过长城”发生在主句之前，用过去完成时“had+过去分词”，故选B。 2. Our teacher tells us that light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. will travel 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意为“老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快”。从句表客观真理，用一般现在时，主语“light”是单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故选B。 3. I wonder if they ______ the meeting this afternoon. A. attend B. attended C. will attend D. have attended 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意为“我想知道他们今天下午是否参加会议”。主句为一般现在时，从句时间“this afternoon”表将来，用一般将来时，故选C。 4. She told me that she ______ her homework when I called her. A. was doing B. is doing C. does D. did 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意为“她告诉我我打电话时她正在做作业”。主句为一般过去时，从句动作“做作业”在“打电话”时正在进行，用过去进行时，故选A。 一、单项选择 1. ______ will take charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet. A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. Which 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意为“谁将负责这个项目还没决定”。从句缺主语，指人用“who”，“whom”作宾语，“whose”表所属，“which”表选择，故选A。 2. I really want to know ______ the famous singer will come to our city. A. that B. if C. what D. how many 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为“我很想知道这位著名歌手是否会来我们城市”。从句表“是否”，引导宾语从句可用“if”，故选B。 3. The small town is ______ my parents met for the first time. A. where B. that C. which D. what 【答案】A 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意为“这个小镇是我父母第一次见面的地方”。从句缺地点状语，用“where”引导，故选A。 4. We were excited at the news ______ our school won the provincial competition. A. which B. that C. what D. why 【答案】B 【详解】考查同位语从句引导词。句意为“听到我们学校赢得省级比赛的消息，我们很兴奋”。从句解释“news”内容，不缺成分，用“that”引导，故选B。 5. ______ you said at the meeting yesterday made a lot of sense. A. What B. That C. Where D. When 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意为“你昨天在会议上说的话很有道理”。从句缺“said”的宾语，用“what”引导，故选A。 6. Could you please tell me ______ the nearest supermarket is? A. when B. where C. that D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为“你能告诉我最近的超市在哪里吗？”。从句缺地点状语，用“where”引导，故选B。 7. The question is ______ we can get enough supplies before the storm comes. A. if B. whether C. what D. how 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意为“问题是我们能否在暴风雨来临前拿到足够的物资”。表语从句中表“是否”只能用“whether”，故选B。 8. Do you know ______ book this is? It has a signature on the first page. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为“你知道这是谁的书吗？第一页上有签名”。从句缺定语修饰“book”，表“谁的”用“whose”，故选C。 9. He told us that he ______ to the West Lake twice in his life. A. has been B. had been C. will be D. was 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句时态。句意为“他告诉我们他一生中去过西湖两次”。主句为过去时，从句动作发生在主句前，用过去完成时“had been”，故选B。 10. I wonder ______ we should start early tomorrow or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为“我想知道我们明天是否应该早点出发”。与“or not”搭配表“是否”用“whether”，“if”不能与“or not”直接搭配，故选C。 二、单句语法填空 11. ______ (the meeting will be put off) is still under discussion. 【答案】Whether the meeting will be put off 【详解】考查主语从句。句意为“会议是否推迟仍在讨论中”。从句表“是否”，引导主语从句用“whether”，从句用陈述句语序，故填“Whether the meeting will be put off”。 12. My teacher asked me ______ (I had read the novel before). 【答案】if I had read the novel before 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问我以前是否读过这本小说”。从句表“是否”，引导宾语从句可用“if”，主句为过去时，从句用过去完成时，故填“if I had read the novel before”。 13. The fact is ______ (our team has entered the final round). 【答案】that our team has entered the final round 【详解】考查表语从句。句意为“事实是我们队已经进入决赛了”。表语从句不缺成分，用“that”引导，故填“that our team has entered the final round”。 14. We have no idea ______ (the plane will land on time). 【答案】when the plane will land on time 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意为“我们不知道飞机什么时候会准时降落”。从句解释“idea”内容，缺时间状语用“when”，故填“when the plane will land on time”。 15. ______ (she bought for her mother) is a beautiful scarf. 【答案】What she bought for her mother 【详解】考查主语从句。句意为“她给妈妈买的是一条漂亮的围巾”。从句缺“bought”的宾语，用“what”引导，从句用陈述句语序，故填“What she bought for her mother”。 16. Could you tell me ______ (the train station is far from here)? 【答案】whether the train station is far from here 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为“你能告诉我火车站离这里远吗？”。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，表“是否”用“whether”，故填“whether the train station is far from here”。 17. The scientist said that the earth ______ (rotate) around its axis. 【答案】rotates 【详解】考查宾语从句时态。句意为“科学家说地球绕着地轴旋转”。从句表客观真理，用一般现在时，主语“the earth”是单数，故填“rotates”。 18. I’m not sure ______ (I should buy this laptop or the tablet). 【答案】whether I should buy this laptop or the tablet 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为“我不确定该买这台笔记本电脑还是平板电脑”。与“or”搭配表“是否”用“whether”，从句用陈述句语序，故填“whether I should buy this laptop or the tablet”。 19. The reason why she cried is ______ (she lost her favorite toy). 【答案】that she lost her favorite toy 【详解】考查表语从句。句意为“她哭的原因是她弄丢了最喜欢的玩具”。“the reason is that...”是固定结构，表语从句用“that”引导，故填“that she lost her favorite toy”。 20. He said that he ______ (prepare) for the exam the whole weekend. 【答案】would prepare 【详解】考查宾语从句时态。句意为“他说他整个周末都会准备考试”。主句为过去时，从句表过去将来的动作，用“would+动词原形”，故填“would prepare”。 一、阅读理解 A （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷B）In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （Al） has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we’re actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling? Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite. What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans? Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people". Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They’re humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react. Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）. "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO. Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says. Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "‘Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals." 21. According to Para. 2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ24s "digital humans" resemble human beings? A. In the way they move around. B. In the way they act and react. C. In observation and analysis. D. In speech and facial expressions. 22. Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it . A. leams to make proper emotional responses B. tends to imitate human beings’ tone vividly C. recognizes the speech sounds it receives D. processes the natural language it hears 23. In Mohan’s opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings? A. Calculating brain. B. Language skills. C. Instinctive judgements. D. Problem-solving ability. 24. What makes many sectors employ digital humans? A. The fear of falling behind in efficiency. B. The urgency to promote e-commerce. C. The wish to spread digital technology. D. The need to upgrade the health care system. 25. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings? A. It’s well planned. B. It is promising. C. It is uncertain. D. It’s quite hopeless. 【答案】 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望的。 21. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ24s的“数字人”在言语和面部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。 22. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its “digital people”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。 23. 推理判断题。根据第四段“"They’re humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。 24. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）.Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。 25. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed.”（ Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故选B项。 B （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷B）China landed a spacecraft on Mars for the first time last Saturday. This makes China the first country to make a successful landing on Mars on its first mission to Mars. China’s Zhurong rover （探测车），named after a traditional Chinese fire god, has touched down on the martian surface, the China National Space Administration confirmed on the morning of Saturday, May 15, The rover is part of the Tian wen-1 mission, which consists of an orbiter, a probe, and a lander. The mission was launched in summer last year, and took seven months to complete its journey to the red planet. It arrived at Mars in February this year, and since then the spacecraft has been performing operations such as capturing images of Mars. Believe it or not, traveling to Mars is actually the easy part of such a mission. The truly hard part is landing on the planet’s surface, as landers must contend with factors like the planet’s thin atmosphere, its variable dust storms, and a communication delay between Mars and Earth. This delay makes it impossible for people in mission control on Earth to control a craft in real time as it approaches the planet, so the landing must be performed autonomously. To slow its speed as the lander approached the surface, it used both a parachute （降落伞）and a retrorocket (减速火箭）in its own "seven minutes of terror" as it moved through the atmosphere. It then landed in the Utopia Planitia area, a large impact basin, part of which was exploded by NASA’s Viking 2 lander in the 1970s. According to China’s slate news agency Xinhua, President Xi Jinping said he was sending "warm congratulations and sincere greetings to all members who have participated in the Mars exploration mission.’ The rover will now begin its three- month mission to explore the Utopia Planitia area, where it will be searching for surface and subsurface ice. The mission will involve both the rover and the orbiter working in concert to create a map of water ice, with the orbiter focusing on the planet’s polar regions. 26. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Tianwen-1 mission includes four space missions. B. Zhurong was known as a great astronomer in ancient China. C. The spacecraft has carried out a series of experiments in advance. D. China achieved success in landing on Mars creating a new record. 27. What should be carefully considered on landing on Mars? a. Mars’s atmosphere. b. Mars’s bad weather c. The landing instructions. d. The communication delay. A. abc B. bed C. abd D. abcd 28. What does the author imply in Paragraph 4? A. The landing way is quite different. B. The landing process is full of danger. C. The landing site is unknown to NASA. D. The landing time is calculate precisely. 29. Which of the following missions will be launched in three months? A. The analysis of ice samples. B. The mapping of the Mars’s polar regions. C. The exploration of the Utopia Planitia area. D. The collection of surface and subsurface ice. 30. Which column does the passage come from? A. Space B. Fiction C. Medical D. Nature 【答案】 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 【分析】 这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了上周六，中国首次在火星上着陆了一艘航天器。这使得中国成为第一次执行火星登陆就成功的国家。短文同时介绍了此次登陆任务中最苦难的部分以及登陆火星的任务。 26. 细节理解题。根据第一段“China landed a spacecraft on Mars for the first time last Saturday. This makes China the first country to make a successful landing on Mars on its first mission to Mars.”可知，上周六，中国首次在火星上着陆了一艘航天器。这使得中国成为第一次执行火星登陆就成功的国家。由此可知，D选项“中国成功登陆火星，创造了新的记录”正确。故选D项。 27. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The truly hard part is landing on the planet’s surface, as landers must contend with factors like the planet’s thin atmosphere, its variable dust storms, and a communication delay between Mars and Earth.”可知， 真正困难的部分是在火星表面着陆，因为着陆器必须应对火星稀薄的大气层、变化无常的沙尘暴以及火星和地球之间的通信延迟等因素。由此可知，登陆火星需要仔细考虑火星的大气，火星的天气和通信延迟。故选C项。 28. 推理判断题。根据第四段“To slow its speed as the lander approached the surface, it used both a parachute （降落伞）and a retrorocket (减速火箭）in its own "seven minutes of terror" as it moved through the atmosphere.”可知，为了在着陆器接近火星表面时减慢速度，它在穿越大气层时使用了降落伞和减速火箭。由此可知，着陆过程充满了危险。故选B项。 29. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The rover will now begin its three- month mission to explore the Utopia Planitia area, where it will be searching for surface and subsurface ice.”可知，探测器现在将开始为期三个月的任务，探索乌托邦平原地区，它将在那里搜索表面和地下冰。由此可知，乌托邦平原地区的探索将在三个月后启动。故选C项。 30. 推理判断题。根据第一段“China landed a spacecraft on Mars for the first time last Saturday. This makes China the first country to make a successful landing on Mars on its first mission to Mars.” 上周六，中国首次在火星上着陆了一艘航天器。这使得中国成为第一次执行火星登陆就成功的国家。短文同时介绍了此次登陆任务中最苦难的部分以及登陆火星的任务。由此判断出短文来自于“太空”专栏。故选A项。 C （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷C）Researchers at Georgia Tech have been working to improve a musical robot called Shimon. Shimon is a four-armed robot with a ball-like head. He holds small mallets (tools like hammers) in his “hands” to play a kind of xylophone (木琴). As Shimon plays, his head moves around in time to the music. Shimon has been around for quite a while as a musical robot. Even back in 2015, he played with other musicians at the Kennedy Center in New York. What Shimon could do back then was already pretty cool. Shimon was taught to write his own music by using “deep learning”. Deep learning, also known as Artificial Intelligence (AI), means that computer programs sort deeply through huge amounts of information. This allows them to find patterns humans may not have noticed. The programs can then use those patterns in new and surprising ways. For Shimon, that meant he could not only make up his own music, but also do it in real time while playing with other musicians. This is called “improvising”. Now Shimon is back with a whole bunch of new tricks. He can write the words to his own songs, and sing them. Shimon learned to write the words for the songs in the same way he learned to write music. Professor Gil Weinberg in Georgia Tech, who leads the Shimon project, gets Shimon going with a starting idea. Shimon then writes the lyrics based around that idea. To give Shimon a voice, the Georgia Tech team worked with experts at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain. The voice was created by AI and sounds like a man very much. Shimon’s face has also gotten new features. Shimon’s mouth now moves smoothly in time as he sings. He also has eyebrows, which allow his face to show more emotions. For Mr. Weinberg, that’s the main goal behind the Shimon project — not to have robots take over, but to have robots and humans make something beautiful together. 31. What do we know about Shimon? A. He is no stranger to the music field. B. He has trouble recognizing different tunes. C. He can play different kinds of musical instruments. D. He often gives performances on international stages. 32. By mentioning “improvising”, the author wants to show that Shimon can ________. A. make up his own music B. improve the music he created C. sort out different music patterns D. create music without any preparation 33. What’s a necessity for Shimon to learn to write the words for the songs? A. Listening to much live music. B. Being fed with a lot of examples. C. Being instructed by a musician face to face. D. Cooperating with other musicians many times. 34. Why did the Georgia lech team work with experts from Pompeu Fabra University? A. To enable Shimon to sing songs. B. To give Shimon rich facial expressions. C. To allow Shimon to show his opinions. D. To let Shimon learn to express emotions. 35. What would be the best title for the text? A. Musical Robots in the Music Field B. The Making of a Great Musician C. Shimon: An All-round Musical Robot D. The Role of AI in the Music Development 【答案】 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【分析】 本文是说明文，介绍了全能音乐机器人Shimon。 31. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shimon has been around for quite a while as a musical robot. Even back in 2035, he played with other musicians at the Kennedy Center in New York. What Shimon could do back then was already pretty cool.”（西蒙作为一个音乐机器人已经有相当一段时间了。早在2035年，他就在纽约肯尼迪中心与其他音乐家一起演奏。）可知，Shimon能与其他音乐家一起演奏，可得出Shimon了解音乐，对音乐不陌生。故选A项。 32. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For Shimon, that meant he could not only make up his own music, but also do it in real time while playing with other musicians. This is called ‘improvising’.”（对西蒙来说，这意味着他不仅可以创作自己的音乐，还可以和其他音乐家一起实时演奏。这叫做“即兴创作”。）可知，作者提及improvising，是想表明Shimon能够即兴创作，即在没有准备的情况下创造音乐。故选D项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Now Shimon is back with a whole bunch of new tricks. He can write the words to his own songs, and sing them. Shimon learned to write the words for the songs in the same way he learned to write music.”（现在西蒙带着一大堆新把戏回来了。他可以为自己的歌曲写歌词，并唱出来，西蒙用他学习作曲的同样方式学习了歌词。）可知，Shimon学习写歌词是因为学到了新东西，换句话说，接触了很多歌曲的例子。故选B项。 34. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To give Shimon a voice, the Georgia Tech team worked with experts at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain.”（为了让西蒙发声，乔治亚理工学院的团队与西班牙庞培法布拉大学的专家合作。） 可知，乔治亚理工学院的团队与西班牙庞培法布拉大学的专家合作是为了让Shimon能唱歌。故选A项。 35. 主旨大意题。全文都在介绍音乐机器Shimon，第二段“Even back in 2035, he played with other musicians at the Kennedy Center in New York.”（早在2035年，他就和其他音乐家在纽约肯尼迪中心演奏过。），可知Shimon能和其他音乐家一起演奏；第四段“He can write the words to his own songs, and sing them.”（他可以为自己的歌曲写歌词，并唱出来。），可知Shimon能自己写词；最后一段“The voice was created by AI and sounds like a man very much. Shimon’s face has also gotten new features.”（声音是由AI创造的，听起来很像一个男人。西蒙的脸也有了新的特征。），可知Shimon能够发声且有面部表情，所以Shimon是个全能的音乐机器人。故选C项。 D （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷(一)英语）The art of Chinese knotting, or Zhongguo Jie, has a long history in China. It is a unique form of traditional Chinese handicraft (手工艺). ____36____ These knots were used to record events and information in ancient times. As time went by, Chinese knotting developed into a decorative art. The materials for making Chinese knots are usually colorful silk threads. ____37____ They can be made into different shapes like butterflies, flowers, and lucky symbols. Each knot has its own special meaning. For example, a double-coin knot represents wealth. ____38____ First, the crafter chooses the right silk threads according to the design. Then, different knotting techniques are used to create the basic shapes. Finally, the crafter combines these shapes to form a complete Chinese knot. In the past, Chinese knots were often given as gifts during festivals. ____39____ Today, they are not only popular in China but also loved by people around the world. They can be seen in many places, such as homes, shops, and art galleries. ____40____ Many schools and communities hold Chinese knotting classes to teach this traditional art to young people. In this way, more people can learn about Chinese knotting and help keep this cultural heritage alive. A. Making a Chinese knot involves several steps. B. In ancient times, people made simple knots with ropes. C. People believe that they can bring good luck and happiness. D. These threads are easy to shape and can be knotted in different ways. E. Chinese knotting has become a symbol of Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国结的历史、材料、制作步骤、文化意义及其在现代的传承。 36题详解】 由上文“The art of Chinese knotting, or Zhongguo Jie, has a long history in China. It is a unique form of traditional Chinese handicraft (手工艺).(中国结的艺术，或称“Zhongguo Jie”，在中国有着悠久的历史。它是中国传统手工艺的一种独特形式。)”及下文“These knots were used to record events and information in ancient times.(在古代，这些结被用来记录事件和信息。)”可知，此处需要提及中国结的起源或早期形态，为下文记录事件和信息做铺垫。B选项“In ancient times, people made simple knots with ropes.(在古代，人们用绳子打简单的结。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【37题详解】 由上文“The materials for making Chinese knots are usually colorful silk threads.(制作中国结的材料通常是五颜六色的丝线。)”及下文“They can be made into different shapes like butterflies, flowers, and lucky symbols.(它们可以做成不同的形状，如蝴蝶、花朵和幸运符号。)”可知，此处需要说明这些丝线易于塑形，为下文做成不同形状做铺垫。D选项“These threads are easy to shape and can be knotted in different ways.(这些线很容易塑形，可以用不同的方式打结。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 【38题详解】 由下文“First, the crafter chooses the right silk threads according to the design. Then, different knotting techniques are used to create the basic shapes. Finally, the crafter combines these shapes to form a complete Chinese knot.(首先，工匠根据设计选择合适的丝线。然后，使用不同的打结技术来创建基本形状。最后，工匠将这些形状组合起来，形成一个完整的中国结。)”可知，此处需要说明制作中国结涉及多个步骤，为下文具体步骤做铺垫。A选项“Making a Chinese knot involves several steps.(制作一个中国结需要几个步骤。)”能引出下文，概括了制作中国结的步骤性，符合语境。故选A。 【39题详解】 由上文“In the past, Chinese knots were often given as gifts during festivals.(在过去，中国结经常在节日期间作为礼物赠送。)”及下文“Today, they are not only popular in China but also loved by people around the world.(如今，它们不仅在中国很受欢迎，而且受到全世界人民的喜爱。)”可知，此处需要说明中国结作为礼物的原因或意义，为下文受欢迎做铺垫。C选项“People believe that they can bring good luck and happiness.(人们相信它们能带来好运和幸福。)”能承上启下，符合语境，说明了中国结作为礼物的原因和意义。故选C。 【40题详解】 由下文“Many schools and communities hold Chinese knotting classes to teach this traditional art to young people. In this way, more people can learn about Chinese knotting and help keep this cultural heritage alive.(许多学校和社区开设了中国结课程，向年轻人传授这一传统艺术。这样，更多的人可以了解中国结，并帮助保持这一文化遗产的活力。)”可知，此处需要说明中国结的文化地位或意义，为下文开设课程和传承做铺垫。E选项“Chinese knotting has become a symbol of Chinese traditional culture.(中国结已成为中国传统文化的象征。)”符合语境，概括了中国结的文化地位和意义。故选E。 二、完形填空 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）It had been a long business trip. We bad already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we 41 boarded the plane on schedule. The flight attendants shut the door, 42 the passengers, and soon after, I heard the sound of the engines firing, which seemed quite 43 to me. It is common in Atlanta that we had to wait a bit on, the 44 for our turn. And then finally we started moving slowly. 45 , when we did so for about 10 minutes, suddenly the plane stopped. An announcement came that we’d have a delay, and we’d be in a holding pattern for a little while. That “little while” 46 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were 47 in the small plane with almost no air conditioning. It seemed like a(n) 48 ! So when the plane took off in the end, all the passengers couldn’t help; cheering, Waiting’ is not something that comes .easily to mer. I’m more like the sports car with the engine 49 waiting at the crossing. The moment the traffic light turns greens, I will rush out urgently. But now, as I’ve reached my advanced age, I’ve 50 something: When I have to stay in a “holding pattern”, it will be wise to accept that with 51 and a good attitude. Sometimes those “holding patterns” are for my 52 . They teach me something connect with someone, or make me wait until things are 53 . Sometimes those “holding patterns” seem very long and 54 just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK. I should know what I can do is just have 55 with the difficult time. 41. A. actually B. eventually C. instantly D. deliberately 42. A. settled B. comforted C. lined D. investigated 43. A. disgusting B. sharp C. certain D. beautiful 44. A. runway B. platform C. pavement D. road 45. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Instead D. However 46. A. turned into B. made up C. ran out of D. led to 47. A. limited B. trapped C. expected D. forbidden 48. A. dream B. failure C. disaster D. adventure 49. A. breaking down B. running C. losing control D. dying 50. A. confirmed B. deserved C. experienced D. realized 51. A. gratitude B. pain C. sympathy D. awe 52. A. taste B. right C. benefit D. excitement 53. A. in a mess B. in store C. in place D. in common 54. A. unbearable B. frightening C. discouraging D. strange 55. A. courage B. confidence C. patience D. curiosity 【答案】 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。在商务旅行中，作者的航班被延误过几次。在亚特兰大，当作者的飞机在即将起飞时，通知说他的航班需要延误一会儿，结果等待了将近90分钟。但是，现在年事已高，他终于明白“等待模式”的好处了，对待困难，要有耐心。 41. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们已经有过多次航班延误，所以当我们最终按时登上飞机时，我很高兴。A. actually事实上；B. eventually最终；C instantly立即；D. deliberately故意地。根据上文“We had already had multiple flight delays,”可知，当最终登上飞机时，作者感到很高兴。故选B。 42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. settled安排好；B. comforted安慰；C. lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；D. investigated调查。根据“The flight attendants shut the door,”和常识可知，当乘客登上飞机后，空乘人员会做好对乘客的安顿工作。故选A。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. disgusting令人不快的；B. sharp锋利的；C. certain确信的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据“It had been a long business trip. We had already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we ____41____ boarded the plane on schedule.”可知，作者是在商务旅行，途中航班已经几次延误，当他们最终登上飞机时，他们很高兴，发动机发动的声音对他们来说是美丽的。故选D。 44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这在亚特兰大很常见，我们不得不在跑道上等一段时间才轮到我们，然后我们开始慢慢移动。A. runway跑道；B. platform平台；C. pavement人行道；D. road马路。此处是指飞机在跑道上等待起飞。故选A。 45. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们这样做了大约10分钟，突然飞机停了下来。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead反而，相反；D. However可是，然而。根据上文“And then finally we started moving slowly.”以及句中的“suddenly the plane stopped.”可知，他们这样移动了将近10分钟，突然，飞机停了下来，此句与上文之间是转折关系。故选D。 46. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那“一小段时间”最后变成了90分钟。A. turned into变成；B. made up弥补；C. ran out of用完；D. led to导致。根据句中的“little while”和“90 minutes”可推知，等一会儿变成了等90分钟。故选A。 47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时气温接近40度，我们被困在几乎没有空调的小飞机里。A. limited限制；B. trapped困住；C. expected期待；D. forbidden禁止。根据常识可知，飞机在跑道上，乘客是不能下飞机的，乘客只能被困在飞机上。故选B。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一场灾难！A. dream梦；B. failure失败；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“That "little while"____46____90 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were____47____in the small plane with almost no air conditioning.”可知，这对作者来说就像灾难一样。故选C。 49. 考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我更像是一辆在十字路口开着引擎的跑车。A. breaking down发生故障；B. running运转；C. losing control失去控制；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The moment the traffic light turns green, I will rush out urgently. ”以及句中的engine可知，作者就像在十字路口等待发动机运转的跑车。故选B。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要待在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A confirmed确认；B. deserved值得；C. experienced经历；D. realized意识到。根据上文“But now, as I’ve reached my advanced age,”可推知，作者现在对某些事情已经意识到了其中的意思。故选D。 51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要待在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A. gratitude感激；B. pain痛苦；C. sympathy同情；D. awe敬畏。根据语境可知，既然在“等待模式”中，应该怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它。故选A。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，那些“等待模式”是为了我的利益。A. taste味道；B. right权力；C. benefit利益；D. excitement激动。根据下文“They teach me something connect with someone,”可知，那些“等待模式”是为了作者的利益。故选C。 53. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们教我一些东西，和某人联系，或者让我等到事情都就绪。A .in a mess混乱；B. in store准备着；C.in place在正确的位置；D. in common共同之处。根据下文“just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，“等待模式”让作者一直等到事情都就绪了。故选C。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时那些“等待航线”看起来很长，难以忍受，就像在炎热的飞机上，但我应该相信一切都会好起来。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. frightening令人惊骇的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文作者炎热天气里在飞机上等90分钟的经历和下文“just like the one on the hot airplane ”可知，“等待模式”是难以忍受的。故选A。 55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我应该知道我能做的就是对困难要有耐心。A. courage勇气；B. confidence自信；C. patience耐心；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“Sometimes those "holding patterns" seem very long and ____54____ just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，作者明白他所能做的就是面对困难要有耐心。故选C。 三、语法填空 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷（二））Cara was nervous before the race. For several weeks, she had been training every day to prepare for it.   56 (final) the race day came. 57 she arrived, her coach was already on the track. Cara started her warm-up exercise under the guidance of the coach. This was helpful to keep 58 (she) from getting hurt.   Cara’s friends got there 59 (early) than her. They let her know that they were there 60 (cheer) for her. They all wished her good luck. It was time for the race. All the runners 61 (call) to line up on the tracks. 62 (hear) the signal gun, Cara jump-started from the ground. She began to run as hard as she could.   Running past the stands, she heard the voices of her friends cheering her name. Cara kept her energy and continued to keep a good speed. When she rounded the track 63 the last time, she and another runner were neck for 64 finish line. As the end approached, Cara had put all her effort into those last few 65 (foot). She won the race narrowly. Cara was so happy. 【答案】 56．Finally 57．When 58．her 59．earlier 60．to cheer 61．were called 62．Hearing 63．for 64．the 65．feet 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要记述了Cara 参加赛跑的前后经过，通过自己的坚持和努力，最终以微弱优势赢得了比赛。 56．考查副词做状语。句意：最后，比赛日来了。修饰整个句子“the race day came.”要用副词，“final”的副词词形是“finally”,位于句首首字母要大写，故填Finally。 57．考查状语从句。句意：当她到了的时候，她的教练已经在跑道上了。分析句子结构及句意可知，这是一个时间状语从句，要用从属连词“when (当……时)”引导。故填when。 58．考查代词。句意：这有助于防止她受伤。及物动词“keep”后要用人称代词宾格作宾语，“she (她，主格)”的宾格是“her”。故填her。 59．考查比较级。句意：卡拉的朋友们比她到得早。根据比较级的标志词“than”可知，此处应该用“early”的比较级词形“earlier”。故填earlier。 60．动词不定式作目的状语。句意：他们让她知道他们在那里为她加油。分析句意可知，“... for her”是说明他们在那里的目的，要用动词不定式“to cheer”作目的状语。故填to cheer。 61．考查被动语态。句意：所有的赛跑者都被叫到跑道上排队。主语“all the runners (所有选手)”和谓语动词“call (叫，及物动词)”之间构成被动关系，本文的基本时态是一般过去时，要用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”。故填were called。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：一听到信号枪响了，卡拉从地上跳了起来。分析句子结构可知，此处需用非谓语动词作状语；主语Cara和动词“hear”的关系是主动，要用主动形式；分析非谓动作“hear”与谓语动作“start”发生的时间先后关系可知，两者同时发生，要用“hear”的现在分词“hearing”，且位于句首，首字母要大写，要用“Hearing”。故填Hearing。 63．考查介词。句意：当她最后一次绕过跑道时……。“for the last time (最后一次)”是固定搭配 。故填for。 64．考查冠词。句意：另一名赛跑运动员离终点线只有一步之遥。名词短语“... finish line ”特指本场比赛的“终点线”，用定冠词“the”。故填the。 65．考查名词复数。句意：随着比赛的临近，卡拉把所有的精力都放在了最后的几英尺上。“few (几个)”后面接可数名词的复数形式，“foot”的复数形式是“feet”。故填feet。 四、应用文写作 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）假定你是李华，你校组织的“英语交流到山区”活动将于下周一举行。你是志愿者，但因生病不能参加，请你用英语给组织者Mr. George写一封道歉信，内容包括： 1.表达歉意； 2.解释原因； 3.已将志愿工作安排他人完成。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. George, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr. George, I am Li Hua, a volunteer of the activity "English Communication to the Mountains". Now, I’m writing to express my sincere apology to you for not being present at the activity to be held next Monday. The reason for my absence is that I suddenly fell ill. My parents sent me to hospital, and I have to stay there for a week. As for my volunteer work, I have asked my classmate Tom to do it. Sincerely hoping that you can accept my apologies. Yours, Li Hua 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给组织者Mr. George写一封道歉信，解释自己不能去校组织的“英语交流到山区”活动当志愿者的原因。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累 表达：express→convey 真诚的：sincere→heartfelt 生病：fall ill→get ill 至于：as for→with regard to 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Now, I’m writing to express my sincere apology to you for not being present at the activity to be held next Monday. 拓展句：Now, I’m writing to express my sincere apology to you for not being present at the activity that will be held next Monday. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] The reason for my absence is that I suddenly fell ill. (运用了that引导的表语从句) [高分句型2] Sincerely hoping that you can accept my apologies. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $