Unit 3 Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义聚焦发展变化类文章写作这一核心知识点，系统梳理记叙文（交代时间地点人物等）、议论文（明确观点与论据）、说明文（描述特征与因果）的体裁特点，构建“开头描述变化、主体分析原因与今昔对比、结尾评价感受”的写作框架，结合常用表达积累，通过书信（农村新变化）、征文（科技生活）等任务及句式升级（非谓语、with复合结构）实现从输入到输出的学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质培养。如农村变化写作任务引导学生用英语展现中国新农村建设，渗透家国情怀（文化意识）；句式升级练习（如合并句子为分词作状语）提升语言表达准确性（语言能力）；读后续写任务（Hector的故事）要求逻辑推理与价值观体现（思维品质）。课中练习辅助教师教学，课后作业帮助学生查漏补缺，全面提升综合语言运用能力。

Period 6　 写作(Writing) 关于发展变化的文章 关于发展变化的文章，其体裁可以是记叙文、议论文或说明文。如果是记叙文，要交代清楚时间、地点、人物、过程和结局；如果是议论文，观点要明确，要分层次给出有力的论据；如果是说明文，要把描述对象的特征以及因果关系等描述清楚。 一、基本框架 开头：描述已发生的变化； 主体：简要分析产生变化的原因，并通过今昔对比描述这些变化带来的好处等； 结尾：写出对这些变化的评价与感受等。 二、常用表达 (一)开头部分常用表达 1．My school has drastically changed over the past ten years． 我的学校在过去十年里发生了翻天覆地的变化。 2．With the development of science and technology，smart homes are coming to us． 随着科学技术的发展，智能家居正在向我们走来。 (二)主体部分常用表达 1．My reasons are as follows． 我的原因如下。 2．The less we use our cars，the less we will affect the environment． 我们开车越少，对环境的影响就越小。 3．In the past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone． 过去，人们主要通过写信或使用公用电话保持联系。 4．What's more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive emails whenever they like． 更重要的是，人们可以方便地访问互联网，这使得他们可以随时收发电子邮件。 (三)结尾部分常用表达 1．With these changes，people's pace of life has been quickened and people's work has been made more efficient． 这些变化加快了人们的生活节奏，提高了人们的工作效率。 2．In a word，people have an easier life nowadays． 总之，如今人们过着更简单的生活。 3．In a word/All in all，it will be of great benefit to our life． 总之，这对我们的生活很有利。 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友杰克(Jack)来信询问中国新农村建设的状况。请给他写一封回信，介绍中国农村的一些新变化，内容包括： 1．居住环境方面的改善； 2．文化生活水平的提高； 3．邀请他来参观体验。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jack， I am delighted that you are interested in the changes of our countryside． I sincerely hope you will pay a visit soon． Yours， Li Hua [审题构思] [遣词造句] 1．经过改革开放后几十年(的发展)，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 After decades of reform and opening-up，great changes have taken place in my hometown． 2．这使我的家乡呈现出新的面貌。 It makes my hometown take on a new look． 3．村民的居住环境已经得到了改善，简陋的老房子已经被砖房代替。 The villagers' housing conditions have been improved and the humble old houses have been replaced by brick ones． 4．砖房里布置了令人舒服的家具。 The brick houses are furnished with comfortable furniture． 5．人们的经济生活水平也得以提高，他们已经开始购买绿色食品。 People's economic standard of living has also been improved，and they have begun to buy organic food． 6．由于交通的快速发展，村民们四处旅行很方便。 It is convenient for villagers to travel around due to the rapid development of transportation． 7．在中国，农民们过着更加幸福的生活。 The farmers are living/leading a happier life in China． 8．欢迎你在方便的时候来我们国家参观我的家乡。 Welcome you to our country to visit my hometown when it is convenient for you． [句式升级] 9．用动词-ing形式作状语合并句1和句2 After decades of reform and opening-up，great changes have taken place in my hometown，making it take on a new look． 10．用过去分词作定语合并句3和句4 The villagers' housing conditions have been improved and the humble old houses have been replaced by brick ones furnished with comfortable furniture． 11．用with复合结构改写句5 With people's economic standard of living also improved，they have begun to buy organic food． [连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语) Dear Jack， I am delighted that you are interested in the changes of our countryside． I sincerely hope you will pay a visit soon． Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Jack， I am delighted that you are interested in the changes of our countryside．After decades of reform and opening-up，great changes have taken place in my hometown，making it take on a new look． The villagers' housing conditions have been improved and the humble old houses have been replaced by brick ones furnished with comfortable furniture．Moreover，with people's economic standard of living also improved，they have begun to buy organic food．In addition，it is convenient for villagers to travel around due to the rapid development of transportation． In a word，the farmers are living a happier life in China．Welcome you to our country to visit wy hometown when it is convenient for you． I sincerely hope you will pay a visit soon． Yours， Li Hua 假定你是李华。某英文报社正在举行题为“科技改变我们的未来生活”的征文活动，要求同学们想象科技将如何改变我们的生活环境、工作和休闲方式。请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】 With the development of science and technology，our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now． At that time we'll live in a greener and more beautiful world with trees，birds，blue skies and sunshine．Besides，we'll be able to arrange things like meals，bathing and sleep with our smartphones．Robots will be able to do most of the housework for us．As for work，we'll mostly work at home，communicating about work online．If necessary，we'll have video meetings with our partners around the world．During our free time，we'll be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicles like flying cars．We'll even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets． All in all，I think our life will become more comfortable and convenient． 情感描写 ①sympathy n．同情 ②emotional adj．情绪(上)的，情感(上)的 ③facial adj．脸上的；面部的 ④intention n．意图，目的 ⑤urgently adv．紧急地；急迫地 ⑥elderly adj．年老的 动作描写 ①pop up 突然出现，冒出来 ②compete v．竞争 ③emphasise v．强调 ④facilitate v．促进；使便利 场景描写 ①mist n．薄雾；雾霭 ②dusty adj．布满灰尘的 ③brick n．砖，砖块 ④humble adj．简陋的 ⑤solid adj．坚实的 ⑥accessible adj．易懂的 ⑦convincing adj．有说服力的，使人信服的 ⑧a bunch of 一群 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1．在一个雾蒙蒙的晚上，我下班后开车回家。 On a misty evening，I drove home after work． 2．当我经过一所小砖房子时，发现一个衣衫褴褛的男孩突然出现在我的车前。 When I was passing by a small brick house，I found that a boy in rags popped up in front of my car． 3．我停下来，下了车，满怀愤怒地向他走去。 I stopped，got out of the car，and came to him full of anger． 4．他什么也没说，只是做了一个手势。 He didn't say anything but made a gesture． 5．从他的面部表情判断，我知道他急需帮助。 Judging from his facial expression，I knew that he needed help urgently． 6．于是我跟着他到了他的小房子里。里面有一些满是灰尘的简陋的家具。 So I followed him to his small house．There was some dusty humble furniture． 7．在一个角落里躺着一位发着高烧的老人。 In a corner lay an elderly man．He suffered a high fever． 8．出于同情，我开车送他去了医院。 Out of sympathy，I drove him to the hospital． 9．那天我收到了最棒的礼物——一束野花和一个男孩开心的微笑。 That day I received the greatest gifts—a bunch of wild flowers and a boy's big smile． 第二步：句式升级造亮点 10．用省略句升级句2 When passing by a small brick house，I found that a boy in rags popped up in front of my car． 11．用定语从句升级句7 In a corner lay an elderly man who/that suffered a high fever． 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 On a misty evening，I drove home after work．When passing by a small brick house，I found that a boy in rags popped up in front of my car．I stopped，got out of the car，and came to him full of anger．He didn't say anything but made a gesture．Judging from his facial expression，I knew that he needed help urgently．So I followed him to his small house．There was some dusty humble furniture．In a corner lay an elderly man who/that suffered a high fever．Out of sympathy，I drove him to the hospital．That day I received the greatest gifts—a bunch of wild flowers and a boy's big smile． 课时提升作业(九) (Unit 3　Developing ideas & Writing) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：98.5分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．The new system expanded (增加) the role of family doctors last year when the healthcare reform was launched． 2．Trust is a vital component (组成部分) in any relationship． 3．Schools were located in the same campus to facilitate (促进) the sharing of resources． 4．The results can be divided into three main categories (类别)． 5．He made a friendly gesture (手势) at the driver of the other car． Ⅱ．词性转换/单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．In fact，kids are very adaptable and they can soon adapt to the life in kindergarten，and therefore，you should have confidence in their adaptation．(adapt) 2．The website is not accessible to all people；only those who know the password have access to it．(access) 3．His convincing argument convinced me of the truth of the story．In other words，I was convinced of the truth of the story．(convince) 4．Students have a tendency to lean forwards whenever they are interested in something，and they tend to lower their heads when they are not confident．(tend) 5．Although the educator devotes himself to education，he hasn't broken through in his teaching so far．(educate) Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) be intended to，expand on，tend to，search for，communicate with 1．If a little boy doesn't get what he wants，he tends to cry loudly． 2．The activity that we are to hold next month is intended to raise the public's consciousness of preserving the traditional cultures． 3．I climbed up the ladder，searching for a book on the top of the bookshelf． 4．He occupied himself in expanding on what had happened，so we could know the relevant details clearly． 5．It was only one month after his arrival in the US that he could communicate with the locals． Ⅳ．完成句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分) 1．过马路时，你越小心越好，以便保证你的安全。 While crossing the street，you can't be careful enough so that you can guarantee your own safety． 2．过了两分钟我才明白物理老师在说什么。 It took me two minutes before I was aware of what my physics teacher said． 3．完成家庭作业后，我和爸爸去钓鱼了。 With my homework finished，I went fishing with my father． Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) In the online world，more and more people 1．tend to/have a tendency to use emojis (倾向于使用表情符号) when chatting or making comments．People use emojis 2．with the intention of (目的是) conveying their different categories of emotions．After all，emojis are 3．easy to use (易于使用) and it seems as if they could express what we are thinking more vividly．Master some emojis，and you can 4．adapt to the online world with ease (轻松适应网络世界)．Thus，5．we are convinced that (我们相信) emojis have become an inseparable part of our daily life． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Reporters rushed to find Rehan Sujeewa Staton a handful of years ago when news broke that a sanitation worker had been accepted to Harvard Law School．Their various versions of a self-made American success story went viral． Now，as Staton prepares to graduate，he wants to make one thing crystal clear：It wasn't just him，but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways．“I worked for a trash company，where my co-workers told me that I should go to college instead．I had a boss who let me leave work and go to school．I had a cousin who helped me study for the Law School Admission Test．My brother dropped out of college to help with the family finances．My dad sacrificed a lot for me．I could keep going down this list．I got lucky，but I made the most of my luck，” he said． From early on Staton understood the instability of life．He and his brother were raised by their dad．The family of three struggled to make ends meet．After high school，Staton got a job at a trash and recycling company．It motivated him to find his way to the University of Maryland while continuing to work．Staton cleaned garbage containers and collected trash from 4：00 a．m．until 7：00 a．m．，and after that，he would go to classes．The desire for a better life for him and his family was the main reason Staton applied to law school． At Harvard Law School，Staton found a community of professors，classmates，administrators and staff who helped him to get through．To show his gratitude to the service staff，he raised money to give $100 gift certificates to each service worker of Harvard Law School and founded “The Reciprocity Effect” to honor other such workers at universities and corporate institutions． “I didn't want to change after going to Harvard Law School，” he said．“The allure is huge．I went to work in fancy places．I made cool connections and friendships．But I don't want to forget who I am．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Rehan Sujeewa Staton从环卫工人到被哈佛大学法学院录取并即将毕业的励志故事，展现了他的个人经历、周围人的帮助以及他对生活的态度和感恩之心。 1．What made Staton the focus of reporters' attention? A．His popularity on social media． B．His job as a cleaner． C．His admission to Harvard． D．His donation to service workers． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Reporters rushed to find Rehan Sujeewa Staton a handful of years ago when news broke that a sanitation worker had been accepted to Harvard Law School．”可知，Rehan Sujeewa Staton被哈佛大学录取这一事件让他成为记者们关注的焦点。故选C。] 2．What does Staton consider vital to his success? A．Access to educational opportunities． B．A bit of luck． C．Academic environments． D．Assistance from others． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Now，as Staton prepares to graduate，he wants to make one thing crystal clear：It wasn't just him，but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways．”可知，他认为他人的帮助对他的成功至关重要。故选D。] 3．Why did Staton refuse to change after attending Harvard Law School? A．He was quite content with his present life． B．He valued his personal connections over success． C．He wanted to stay true to his roots and values． D．He was not ready to let go of his past experiences． C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘I didn't want to change after going to Harvard Law School，’ he said．‘The allure is huge．I went to work in fancy places．I made cool connections and friendships．But I don't want to forget who I am．’”可知，Rehan Sujeewa Staton不想改变是因为他想忠于自己的出身和价值观，即他想保持自己的本色。故选C。] 4．What can we learn from the story? A．A rising tide lifts all boats． B．Two heads are better than one． C．The early bird catches the worm． D．A grateful heart is a beginning of greatness． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“It wasn't just him，but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways．”以及第四段的内容可知，Rehan Sujeewa Staton的成功离不开他周围人的帮助，并且他对这些帮助心怀感激，这体现了感恩的重要性，所以选项D“感恩的心是伟大事业的开端”是文章想要表达的思想。故选D。] B A team of researchers led by an archaeologist at the University of Sydney are the first to suggest that eyed needles were a new technological innovation used to decorate clothing for social and cultural purposes． Dr Gilligan and his co-authors reexplain the evidence of recent discoveries in the development of clothing．“Why do we wear clothes? We think that it's part of being humans．When you look at different cultures，you realize that people existed and functioned perfectly enough in society，” Dr Gilligan says．“What interests me is the change of clothing from being a physical necessity in certain environments to a social necessity in all environments．” The earliest known eyed needles appeared about 40，000 years ago in Siberia．One of the man-made objects from the Stone Age，eyed needles are more difficult to make when compared to bone awls (锥子)，which were used for creating fitted clothing．Bone awls are tools made of animal bones that are sharpened．Eyed needles are revised bone awls，with a hole in them．As evidence suggests bone awls were already being used to create tailored clothes，the innovation of eyed needles may reflect the production of more complex clothing，as well as the decoration of clothes by attaching small decorative items onto them． Dr Gilligan and his co-authors argue that clothing became an item of decoration because traditional body decoration methods，like body painting，weren't possible during the latter part of the last Ice Age in colder parts of Eurasia，because people needed to wear clothes all the time to survive． The changes of clothing allowed larger and more complex societies to form，as people could relocate to colder climates while also cooperating with their community based on shared clothing styles and symbols．The skills associated with clothing contributed to a more sustainable lifestyle and improved the long-term survival and prosperity of human communities． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了有眼针的创新如何改变了人类的服饰，促进了社会文化的进步。 5．What was Dr Gilligan's interest related to? A．The long history of clothing． B．The function of clothes． C．The widespread area of clothing． D．The process of making clothes． B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“What interests me is the change of clothing from being a physical necessity in certain environments to a social necessity in all environments．”可知，Dr Gilligan的兴趣点在于衣物从物理需求转变为社交需求，即衣服的功能。故选B。] 6．Why might eyed needles be considered more advanced than bone awls? A．They were made of stronger materials． B．They helped produce fancier clothes． C．They were easier to produce than bone awls． D．They were used mainly for creating basic clothing． B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“As evidence suggests bone awls were already being used to create tailored clothes，the innovation of eyed needles may reflect the production of more complex clothing，as well as the decoration of clothes by attaching small decorative items onto them．”可知，相比骨锥，有眼针能够制作更复杂和装饰性的衣服，即帮助生产更漂亮的衣服。故选B。] 7．What does the author think of the changes of clothing? A．Beneficial．　　　　　　 B．Challenging． C．Impractical． D．Confusing． A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为服装的变化是有益的，因为它促进了社会的发展、合作以及人类社区的长期生存和繁荣。故选A。] 8．What is a suitable title for the text? A．The History of Eyed Needles：Their Use in Ancient China B．The Beginnings of Fashion：Eyed Needles and the Changes of Clothing C．The Development of Technology：Eyed Needles and Bone Awls D．The Innovation of Bone Awls：Impact on Clothing Decoration B　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了有眼针的出现及其对服装变化的影响，包括从简单的保暖功能到社交文化功能的转变，以及这种变化如何促进了社会的进步。因此，最合适的标题是“时尚的开端：有眼针与服装的变化”。故选B。] Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分) 假如一家英语报社在征集有关科技给未来生活带来变化的文章，现请你以“What Will Our Life Be in the Future？”为标题用英语写一篇短文。内容包括： 1．生活：足不出户就可购物、读书、就医等； 2．旅游：去月球、火星等观光； 3．环境：利用太阳能，一个整洁的世界； 4．健康：…… 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 What Will Our Life Be in the Future? 【参考范文】 What Will Our Life Be in the Future? With the rapid development of hi-tech，great changes will take place in every way in the future．We completely live in the cyberspace where we don't need to go out to buy things，to go to the library to read books，to see a doctor in the hospital，and so on．To our joy，it's very easy for us to visit the moon and the Mars．And our world will be a tidy and green world because the energy we use is all from the sun．What's more，any illness can be cured and many people can live a longer time with a healthy body． All these can be true，I think，through our efforts． Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hector stood in the front of his fifth grade classroom as one of the last two competitors in the Room Five Geography Bee．His opponent having missed the last question，it was Hector's turn．If he answered his question correctly，he would be the Room Five champion． “Where did I put that second sheet of questions？” Mr Adler whispered while searching through a thick pile of papers on his messy desk．Mr Adler，though a great teacher，had a reputation for being disorganized with a long history of misplacing things．“Oh well，I apologize for the delay，” said Mr Adler after what seemed like a long time．“Hector，please tell us the capital city of Brazil．” Hearing the question，Hector smiled．Then，there was the answer． Later that day in the courtyard，many classmates congratulated Hector．Wearing a proud smile，he greeted and thanked them all．Oh，the sweet taste of victory． As it was getting late，the courtyard became deserted．But Hector still didn't want to leave．Then he saw Mr Adler crossing the courtyard and holding a half-open bag full of papers．As he hurried past，an envelope dropped out but Mr Adler was unaware，turned a corner and disappeared out of sight．Hector picked it up．On the envelope were the words “Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers”．Hector stared wide-eyed at the envelope．Before he even had time to reflect on the consequences，he opened it and read the questions． As soon as Hector had done it，he knew it was the wrong choice．He'd cheated and whatever he did now，he couldn't change the fact．“What if Mr Adler thought I stole this morning's questions too？” Hector thought．“He'd take away my Room Five victory for sure．” Little did he know that one of the best days in his life would be turned into the worst so quickly．Torn by his conscience，Hector was totally at a loss what to do． 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Before he realized it，Hector found himself standing in Mr Adler's room． The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee． 【参考范文】 Before he realized it，Hector found himself standing in Mr Adler's room．At the sight of Hector，Mr Adler mumbled in a worried voice，“Where did I put that sheet of ‘Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers’？” Hearing this，Hector flushed and lowered his head，trying to avoid eye contact with Mr Adler．Noticing the nervousness on his face，Mr Adler came over and inquired what had happened．At that time，Hector slowly took out the envelope from the pocket，submitted it to Mr Adler and confessed that he had cheated by reading the questions on it．To his surprise，Mr Adler didn't blame him but instead praised him for his honesty．Instantly，a wave of relief seized Hector and heavy clouds haunting over him were cleared away． The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee．Taking a deep breath，Hector gathered his courage and stepped onto the stage，hoping that he could feel “the sweet taste of victory” again．Actually，He stayed up last night to review the related geography knowledge and he wanted to prove himself without cheating．When the contest began，he answered each question precisely and confidently，and it was not until the final question that he found himself in a tiebreaker with his opponent．With his new-found integrity and determination，Hector was able to answer the final question correctly．The entire school cheered and applauded as Hector accepted his victory．At that moment Hector realized that honesty is the best policy and great efforts would eventually pay off． 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $